TW202100950A - Fluid monitoring system and method in which light is supplied to a tubular body from which a fluid is retrieved by an image detection device to form a dynamic image that is converted into a characteristic image for generating fluid data - Google Patents
Fluid monitoring system and method in which light is supplied to a tubular body from which a fluid is retrieved by an image detection device to form a dynamic image that is converted into a characteristic image for generating fluid data Download PDFInfo
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本發明係關於一種監測流體的技術,尤指一種透過自動光學檢測技術,監測流體流量及流速之流體監測系統及方法。The present invention relates to a technology for monitoring fluid, in particular to a fluid monitoring system and method for monitoring fluid flow and velocity through automatic optical detection technology.
傳統家庭或商業所用的流體流量表,通常包括有一些機械裝置,諸如伸縮囊或用以使統計裝置啟動之葉片或葉輪等。概略言之,機械刻度裝置乃用以表示通過計量表之流體總量,此等機械裝置皆非高度精確,尤其在低流量速率時,諸如需要保持指示燈者。The fluid flow meter used in traditional households or businesses usually includes some mechanical devices, such as bellows or blades or impellers used to activate statistical devices. Generally speaking, mechanical scale devices are used to indicate the total amount of fluid passing through the meter. These mechanical devices are not highly accurate, especially at low flow rates, such as those that need to maintain indicator lights.
此外,當使用者針對加工機械進行潤滑之動作時,通常會因潤滑孔洞過小或其它相關因素,而使得先前技術之流體流量表無法有效地量測流體的流量或流速等數據,進而導致加工機械可能潤滑不足而損壞,或是潤滑油添加過多而造成浪費等情形產生。In addition, when the user performs lubrication on the processing machinery, usually due to the small lubrication hole or other related factors, the fluid flow meter of the prior art cannot effectively measure the flow rate or velocity of the fluid, which leads to the processing machinery. It may be damaged due to insufficient lubrication, or waste due to excessive lubricant addition.
因此,如何精確且有效地量測管內流體,以控制流體的流量及流速,即是現今必須克服的問題。Therefore, how to accurately and effectively measure the fluid in the tube to control the flow and velocity of the fluid is a problem that must be overcome today.
為解決前揭之問題,本發明之一目的在於提供一種流體監測系統,以藉由自動光學檢測技術,提供一圖像偵測裝置擷取流體的動態影像,再利用一處理元件,依據動態影像的特徵值,生成一流體資料,以提供使用者或處理元件判斷流體的流速及流量。In order to solve the aforementioned problems, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a fluid monitoring system that uses automatic optical inspection technology to provide an image detection device to capture dynamic images of the fluid, and then use a processing element based on the dynamic image The characteristic value of, generates a fluid data to provide the user or processing element to determine the flow rate and flow of the fluid.
為達上述之目的,本發明係提供一種流體監測系統,其包括: 一光源提供裝置,其設置於一管體的周邊,光源提供裝置提供一光源照射於管體,並反射一反射光; 一圖像偵測裝置,其設置於管體的周邊,以擷取管體內的流體動態影像; 一處理元件,其接收動態影像,並依據動態影像的特徵值,將動態影像轉換成特徵影像,再依據特徵影像生成一流體資料; 其中,動態影像包含複數特徵點。To achieve the above objective, the present invention provides a fluid monitoring system, which includes: A light source providing device arranged on the periphery of a tube body, the light source providing device provides a light source to illuminate the tube body and reflect a reflected light; An image detection device, which is arranged on the periphery of the tube to capture dynamic images of the fluid in the tube; A processing element that receives the dynamic image, converts the dynamic image into a characteristic image according to the characteristic value of the dynamic image, and then generates a fluid data according to the characteristic image; Among them, the dynamic image contains a plurality of feature points.
較佳地,本發明之流體監測系統進一步包括: 一光源校正元件,其設於管體與圖像偵測裝置之間,光源校正元件係用於改變反射光的光路,使反射光以正方向進入圖像偵測裝置。Preferably, the fluid monitoring system of the present invention further includes: A light source correction element is arranged between the tube body and the image detection device. The light source correction element is used to change the optical path of the reflected light so that the reflected light enters the image detection device in a positive direction.
較佳地,本發明之流體監測系統進一步包括: 一補償光源裝置,其設置於管體的周邊,且與光源提供裝置之間具有一間距,補償光源裝置提供一補償光照射管體,其中,補償光照射管體的位置,係不同於光源照射管體的位置。Preferably, the fluid monitoring system of the present invention further includes: A compensation light source device, which is arranged on the periphery of the tube body and has a distance from the light source providing device. The compensation light source device provides a compensation light irradiating the tube body, wherein the position of the compensation light irradiating the tube body is different from the light source irradiation The position of the tube.
較佳地,本發明之流體監測系統進一步包括: 一接收端,其接收流體資料,以將流體資料顯示至外。Preferably, the fluid monitoring system of the present invention further includes: A receiving end, which receives fluid data to display the fluid data to the outside.
較佳地,特徵值為灰階值。Preferably, the characteristic value is a grayscale value.
較佳地,特徵點為流體的波浪紋路及氣泡的其中之一或二者以上之組合。Preferably, the characteristic point is one or a combination of the wave pattern of the fluid and the bubble.
較佳地,處理元件再依據波浪紋路的面積值、氣泡的位移向量值的其中之一或二者以上之組合,推算流體的流量或流速,其中流量或流速為流體資料的其中一種。Preferably, the processing element calculates the flow or velocity of the fluid based on one of the area value of the wave pattern and the displacement vector value of the bubble or a combination of the two, wherein the flow or velocity is one of the fluid data.
為解決前揭之問題,本發明之另一目的在於提供一種流體監測方法,藉由光學的方式,提供一圖像偵測裝置獲取一流體的動態影像,再利用一處理元依據動態影像的特徵值生成一流體資料,以提供使用者判斷流體的流速及流量。In order to solve the aforementioned problems, another object of the present invention is to provide a fluid monitoring method that uses an optical method to provide an image detection device to obtain a dynamic image of a fluid, and then use a processing element based on the characteristics of the dynamic image The value generates a fluid data to provide the user to judge the flow rate and flow rate of the fluid.
為達上述之另一目的,本發明係提供一種流體監測方法,其利用上述之流體監測系統,提供一流體資料,其方法包括: 利用一光源提供裝置提供一光源照射管體,並產生一反射光; 利用一圖像偵測裝置拍攝管體內的一流體,並產生動態影像,並將動態影像傳輸至一處理元件; 利用處理元件,依據特徵值將動態影像轉換成特徵影像; 利用處理元件,依據特徵影像生成流體資料; 其中,動態影像包含複數特徵點。In order to achieve the above-mentioned other objective, the present invention provides a fluid monitoring method, which utilizes the above-mentioned fluid monitoring system to provide a fluid data. The method includes: Utilizing a light source providing device to provide a light source to illuminate the tube body and generate a reflected light; Use an image detection device to photograph a fluid in the tube, generate a dynamic image, and transmit the dynamic image to a processing element; Use processing elements to convert dynamic images into feature images based on feature values; Use processing elements to generate fluid data based on characteristic images; Among them, the dynamic image contains a plurality of feature points.
較佳地,當光源提供裝置提供光源照射管體時,一光源校正元件改變反射光的光路,使反射光以正方向進入圖像偵測裝置。Preferably, when the light source providing device provides a light source to illuminate the tube body, a light source correction element changes the optical path of the reflected light so that the reflected light enters the image detection device in a positive direction.
較佳地,當光源提供裝置提供光源,並照射管體時,另一補償光源裝置亦提供一補償光照射於管體,且補償光照射於管體的位置與光源照射於管體的位置不同。Preferably, when the light source providing device provides a light source and irradiates the tube body, another compensation light source device also provides a compensation light to irradiate the tube body, and the position where the compensation light irradiates the tube body is different from the position where the light source irradiates the tube body .
較佳地,本發明之流體監測方法進一步包括:利用一接收端接收流體資料,以將流體資料顯示至外界。Preferably, the fluid monitoring method of the present invention further includes: using a receiving end to receive fluid data to display the fluid data to the outside.
較佳地,特徵值係為灰階值。Preferably, the characteristic value is a grayscale value.
較佳地,特徵點為流體的波浪紋路及氣泡的其中之一或二者以上之組合。Preferably, the characteristic point is one or a combination of the wave pattern of the fluid and the bubble.
較佳地,本發明之方法更包括,利用處理元件依據波浪紋路的面積值、氣泡的位移向量值的其中之一或二者以上之組合,生成流體資料。Preferably, the method of the present invention further includes using the processing element to generate fluid data based on one of the wave pattern area value, the bubble displacement vector value, or a combination of both.
以下將描述具體之實施例以說明本發明之實施態樣,惟其並非用以限制本發明所欲保護之範疇。Specific embodiments are described below to illustrate the implementation of the present invention, but they are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.
請參閱圖1,其係為本發明之系統佈置示意圖。本發明主要係由光源提供裝置10、圖像偵測裝置20、及處理元件30所組成,其中,光源提供裝置10設置於管體40的周邊,以提供光源L照射管體40,且因為管體40係為透明管體,所以當光源L照射至管體40上時,光源L則會進一步透射至管體40內的流體41。Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of the system layout of the present invention. The present invention is mainly composed of a light
請參閱圖1及圖2,其係為本發明之系統佈置示意圖及實施例之一動態影像照片。圖像偵測裝置20係被設置於管體40的周邊,並擷取管體40內流動中的流體41,而擷取流體41的動態影像22,如圖2所示。更進一步來說,當光源提供裝置10提供光源L至流體41上時,流體41會反射光源L以形成反射光RL,而圖像偵測裝置20則會接收反射光RL,使得圖像偵測裝置20得以擷取到高解析度及高對比度的動態影像22。Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, which are a schematic diagram of the system layout of the present invention and a dynamic image photo of an embodiment. The
請參閱圖3,其係為本發明之圖像邊緣偵測示意圖。當圖像偵測裝置20將動態影像22傳送至處理元件30後,處理元件30則會對動態影像22進行圖像邊緣偵測程序,而分析管體40二側之實際邊緣E。Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram of the image edge detection of the present invention. After the
請參閱圖4,其係為本發明實施例之一特徵影像照片。圖像邊緣偵測程序會分析動態影像22的特徵值,並以類比數位轉換之方式形成特徵資料21,並藉以將動態影像22二質化,而生成特徵影像23。在本發明之實施例中,特徵點FP為管體40內的氣泡,特徵值為動態影像22之灰階值,並利用處理元件30,依據特徵值對動態影像22進行二質化。Please refer to FIG. 4, which is a feature image photo of an embodiment of the present invention. The image edge detection program analyzes the feature value of the
請參閱圖5,其係為本發明之動態影像的灰階值差異圖。進一步說明,本發明之處理元件30依據特徵值對動態影像22進行二質化的過程。當流體41停止流動或管體40尚未有流體41流動時,圖像偵測裝置20可先擷取管體40動態影像22,且處理元件30以此時的動態影像22為基準灰階值。其後,當流體41流動時,若動態影像22出現比基準灰階值的灰階值還高的高灰階值點,或是比基準灰階值的灰階值還低的低灰階值點時,處理元件30即將高灰階值點轉換為白色,且將低灰階值點轉換為黑色,並生成二值化的特徵影像23。Please refer to FIG. 5, which is a graph of the difference in grayscale values of the dynamic image of the present invention. To further illustrate, the
請再參閱圖4,其係為本發明實施例之一特徵影像照片,且其中之特徵點FP為管體40內的氣泡。在本發明之實施例中,處理元件30將動態影像22進行二質化,使作為特徵點FP的氣泡,更容易在特徵影像23中被辨識。Please refer to FIG. 4 again, which is a feature image photo of an embodiment of the present invention, and the feature point FP is a bubble in the
請參閱圖6,其係為本發明之流體特徵點示意圖。處理元件30可依據特徵點FP在管體40的狀態變化,而計算流體41的流速及流量,以生成流體資料31。舉例來說,流速通常可藉由下列之公式計算得出:
流速(V)=位移(S) ÷ 時間(T)Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic diagram of the fluid characteristic points of the present invention. The
其中,位移(S)為任一特徵點FP,在特徵影像23中從第一影格到第二影格的過程中,所移動的距離,而時間(T)則是指第一影格與第二影格所間隔的時間,如此,即可計算出流體41的流速。其後,再依據所得之流速,以下列公式推導出實際流量(Q):
流量(Q)=流速(V) × 管體截面積(A)Among them, the displacement (S) is any feature point FP, the distance moved in the process from the first frame to the second frame in the
如此,處理元件30即可依據特徵點FP在管體40的狀態變化,而計算流體41的流速及流量,以生成流體資料31。In this way, the
在本發明之另一實施例中特徵點FP為流體41的波浪紋路,當流體41停止流動時,因為流體41的平面上呈靜止狀態,動態影像22及特徵影像23皆沒有任何波浪,故可判斷流體41係處於停止流動的狀態;而當流體41流動時,流體41的平面上則會產生複數波浪紋路,當流速較快時,通常流體波浪紋路的面積則會較大,而若流速較慢時,波浪紋路的面積則會較小,如此,處理元件30即可透過計算在特徵影像23的波浪紋路的面積,而推得到流體的流量,以生成流體資料31。In another embodiment of the present invention, the characteristic point FP is the wave pattern of the
除此之外,處理元件30亦可同時以氣泡及波浪紋路為特徵點,並不僅限於上述之其中一種方式而已。In addition, the
本發明之系統更包含接收端50,接收端50與處理元件30連接,當接收端50接收到來自處理元件30的流體資料31時,即可將流體資料31顯示出來,進而提供使用者得知流體41之流速及流量的數據為何。The system of the present invention further includes a receiving
本發明進一步設置有光源校正元件60,其設於管體40與圖像偵測裝置20之間,由於光源L通常會以斜向的角度照射至管體40,故流體41反射光源L時,並無法以直向的方向垂直反射至圖像偵測裝置20,故當圖像偵測裝置20獲取的動態影像22,可能會產生影像偏差,因此,當管體40內的流體41反射光源L時,光源校正元件60則改變反射光RL的光路,使反射光RL以正方向PD前進,且將反射光RL導引至圖像偵測裝置20的位置,如此,圖像偵測裝置20即可成像出無偏差的動態影像22。The present invention is further provided with a light
請參閱圖7,其係為本發明之另一實施例之系統佈置示意圖。如圖所示,本發明進一步設有補償光源裝置70,其設於管體40的周邊,且與光源提供裝置20之間有一間距,補償光源裝置70提供補償光CL以照射於管體40,以補償光源L之不足。其中,補償光CL照射於管體40的位置,與光源L照射於管體40的位置不同,如此,補償光CL及光源L即可以環繞式的形式照射管體40,進以提供足夠的光亮度,以有效地進行後續之成像或分析等動作。Please refer to FIG. 7, which is a schematic diagram of the system layout of another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the present invention is further provided with a compensation
請參閱圖8,其係為本發明之流體監測方法的步驟流程圖。如圖所示,依據圖1至圖7所揭露之技術內容,本發明之流體監測系統,係可依據下列之流體監測方法動作,以提供流體資料: 步驟101:利用光源提供裝置提供光源照射管體,並產生反射光; 步驟102:利用圖像偵測裝置擷取管體內的流體,並產生動態影像,其中,動態影像包含複數特徵點; 步驟103:將圖像偵測裝置擷取的動態影像傳輸至處理元件; 步驟104:利用處理元件,依據特徵值將動態影像轉換成特徵影像; 步驟105:利用處理元件,依據特徵影像生成流體資料。Please refer to FIG. 8, which is a flowchart of the steps of the fluid monitoring method of the present invention. As shown in the figure, according to the technical content disclosed in Figures 1 to 7, the fluid monitoring system of the present invention can operate according to the following fluid monitoring methods to provide fluid data: Step 101: Utilize a light source providing device to provide a light source to illuminate the tube body and generate reflected light; Step 102: Use the image detection device to capture the fluid in the tube and generate a dynamic image, where the dynamic image includes a plurality of feature points; Step 103: Transmit the dynamic image captured by the image detection device to the processing element; Step 104: Use the processing element to convert the dynamic image into a characteristic image according to the characteristic value; Step 105: Use the processing element to generate fluid data based on the characteristic image.
其中,當光源提供裝置提供光源照射管體時,可進一步執行下列步驟: 步驟106:利用光源校正元件,改變反射光的光路,使反射光以正方向進入圖像偵測裝置; 步驟107:利用補償光源裝置提供補償光照射於管體,且補償光照射於管體的位置與光源照射於管體的位置不同。Wherein, when the light source providing device provides a light source to illuminate the tube body, the following steps may be further performed: Step 106: Use the light source correction element to change the optical path of the reflected light so that the reflected light enters the image detection device in a positive direction; Step 107: Utilize the compensation light source device to provide compensation light to irradiate the tube body, and the position where the compensation light irradiates the tube body is different from the position where the light source irradiates the tube body.
當處理元件生成流體資料後,即可執行下列步驟: 步驟108:利用一接收端接收流體資料,並將流體資料顯示至外界。After the processing element generates fluid data, the following steps can be performed: Step 108: Use a receiving terminal to receive the fluid data and display the fluid data to the outside.
藉此,即可透過接收端顯示流體資料,以提供使用者判斷流體的流速及流量。In this way, the fluid data can be displayed through the receiving end to provide the user with a judgment of the flow rate and flow rate of the fluid.
在上列詳細說明係針對本發明之一可行實施例之具體說明,惟實施例並非用以限制本發明之專利範圍,凡未脫離本發明技藝精神所為之等效實施或變更,均應包含於本案之專利範圍中。The above detailed description is a specific description of a feasible embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the patent of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or change without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention shall be included in In the scope of the patent in this case.
10:光源提供裝置 20:圖像偵測裝置 21:特徵資料 22:動態影像 23:特徵影像 30:處理元件 31:流體資料 40:管體 41:流體 50:接收端 60:光源校正元件 70:補償光源裝置 E:邊緣 L:光源 CL:補償光 FP:特徵點 RL:反射光 PD:正向方向 S101-S108:步驟10: Light source supply device 20: Image detection device 21: Characteristic data 22: Motion Picture 23: Feature image 30: processing components 31: Fluid Information 40: tube body 41: Fluid 50: receiving end 60: light source correction component 70: Compensation light source device E: Edge L: light source CL: Compensation light FP: Feature points RL: reflected light PD: positive direction S101-S108: steps
圖1係為本發明之系統佈置示意圖; 圖2係為本發明實施例之一動態影像照片; 圖3係為本發明之圖像邊緣偵測示意圖; 圖4係為本發明實施例之一特徵影像照片; 圖5係為本發明之動態影像的灰階值差異圖; 圖6係為本發明之流體特徵點示意圖; 圖7係為本發明之另一實施例之系統佈置示意圖; 圖8係為本發明之流體監測方法的步驟流程圖。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the system layout of the present invention; Figure 2 is a dynamic image photo of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of image edge detection of the present invention; Figure 4 is a feature image photo of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the difference of gray scale values of the dynamic image of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the fluid feature points of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the system layout of another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 is a flow chart of the steps of the fluid monitoring method of the present invention.
10:光源提供裝置 10: Light source supply device
20:圖像偵測裝置 20: Image detection device
21:特徵資料 21: Characteristic data
22:動態影像 22: Motion Picture
23:特徵影像 23: Feature image
31:流體資料 31: Fluid Information
40:管體 40: tube body
41:流體 41: Fluid
50:接收端 50: receiving end
60:光源校正元件 60: light source correction component
L:光源 L: light source
RL:反射光 RL: reflected light
PD:正向方向 PD: positive direction
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