TW202037476A - Fin block for a calibrating device with web on the inside - Google Patents

Abstract

A fin block (200) is provided for a calibrating device for calibrating an extruded profile. The fin block (200) comprises a fin structure (110) which has a plurality of fins (112) which are spaced apart from one another by grooves (130) and are arranged in longitudinal direction (L) of the fin block (200). At least some of the grooves (130) have respectively a web element (240) which divides the respective groove (130) on an inner side of the fin block (200) into two groove portions (232, 234). Furthermore, a method for producing the above-mentioned fin block (200) and a calibrating device which comprises a plurality of the above-mentioned fin blocks (200) is provided. Furthermore, a system for the additive manufacture of the above-mentioned fin block (100, 200), a corresponding computer program and a corresponding data set is provided.

Description

Fin-shaped block for calibration device with web on the inside

The present invention relates to a fin-shaped block used for calibrating an extruded profile calibration device. The present invention further relates to a calibration device including a plurality of fin-shaped blocks, a method for producing fin-shaped blocks, a system for layered manufacturing of the fin-shaped blocks, and corresponding computer programs and data sets.

The calibration device is used to calibrate extruded annular profiles, such as pipe profiles. In the production of such profiles, the desired plastic melt for the production of profiles is first produced in an extruder. The produced plastic melt is then pressed through the exit nozzle of the extruder, which specifies the shape of the profile. Then, the profile from the exit nozzle of the extruder passes through a calibration device, which performs post-forming of the still heated profile with dimensional accuracy.

This calibration device for determining the size of extruded profiles is known from DE 198 43 340 C2. Among them, a calibration device with variable energy adjustment is taught. The calibration device is constructed for calibrating extruded plastic pipes with different pipe diameters. The calibration device includes a housing and a plurality of fins arranged in the housing in a circular shape, which together form a calibration basket with a circular calibration opening, and the pipe to be calibrated is guided through the calibration opening (in particular, refer to DE 198 43 340 Figures 1 and 2 of C2). Furthermore, each fin-shaped block is coupled with an actuating device that provides each radial displacement of the individual fin-shaped block. In this way, if necessary, the effective cross-section of the circular calibration opening formed by the plurality of fin-shaped blocks can be adjusted accordingly.

The fin-shaped blocks described in DE 198 43 340 C2 are respectively composed of a plurality of fins, which are strung together on two load-bearing rods arranged apart from each other. In order to maintain the desired distance between adjacent fins, spacer sleeves are used (see also Figure 3 of DE 198 43 340 C2). An example of strung fins is further shown in FIG. 1a. The fin block 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 a includes a plurality of fins 12 and spacer sleeves 14 which are strung alternately along the second supporting rod 16. This stringed fin-shaped block is troublesome to manufacture and therefore costly.

Furthermore, unlike the above-mentioned stringed fin-shaped blocks, fin-shaped blocks having a closed carrier structure (or individual ridge structure) are known. Figure 1b shows an example of this fin-shaped block. The fin block 20 includes a plurality of fins 22 which are carried by a ridge structure 24 formed in a block manner. The block-shaped spine structure 24 is realized here in the form of a monolithic body (for example, a rod-shaped body). Other examples of fins with closed ridge structures are known from WO 2004/103684 A1.

During the calibration process, the outer wall of the profile is pressed against the inner wall of the calibration basket (for example, by vacuum). The inner wall of the calibration basket is formed by the fins of the fin-shaped blocks that mesh with each other. After pressing the still deformable profile against the inner wall of the calibration basket, a convex area is inevitably formed on the surface of the profile in the intermediate space (also called groove) of the fin. The size of the raised area is consistent with the length and width of the groove. However, relative to the surface of the calibration profile, a large raised area is disadvantageous. Furthermore, during the feeding of the profile to be calibrated by the calibration basket, the already generated raised area "hooks" enter the subsequent grooves of the fin-shaped block. Repeated hooking of the protrusion into the groove causes undesirable vibration of the profile that will be calibrated in the calibration basket. On the other hand, the fin structure is repeatedly embossed on the surface of the profile to enhance the convex structure on the surface of the profile.

The object of the present invention is to provide a fin-shaped block for a calibration device, which further reduces or eliminates the problems indicated in the prior art. In particular, the object of the present invention is to improve the surface structure of the profile to be calibrated. Furthermore, with regard to the observation of the known calibration block, at least the vibration of the profile to be calibrated can be reduced or completely avoided.

In order to solve the above problems and other problems, a fin-shaped block for calibrating an extruded profile calibration device is provided. The fin block includes a fin structure having a plurality of fins separated from each other by grooves and arranged in the longitudinal direction of the fin block. At least some of the grooves respectively have web elements that divide the individual grooves on the inner side of the fin-shaped block into two groove parts. The profile to be calibrated can be a plastic profile. In particular, the profile to be calibrated may be a pipe. When the fin-shaped block is installed into the calibration device, the longitudinal direction of the fin-shaped block corresponds to the extrusion direction (feeding direction) of the profile to be calibrated. The inner side of the fin-shaped plate is the side of the fin-shaped plate facing the profile to be calibrated. Each web element arranged in the individual groove can be laterally fixed on at least one fin forming the individual groove (that is, on the side of the individual fin). It should be understood that the width of each web element (that is, its range in the longitudinal direction of the fin-shaped block) may correspond to the width of the groove in which the individual web element is arranged.

Each web element can be arranged in an individual groove in such a way that it terminates on the inner side flush with the fins. In other words, each web element has a contact surface on the inner side of the fin-shaped block, the contact surface terminating flush with the individual contact surface of the adjacent fin. Therefore, the contact surfaces of all the web elements and the contact surfaces of all the fins form a shared contact surface of the fin block, which will be in contact with the outer surface of the profile to be calibrated.

According to a variant, the groove portions of the grooves defined by the individual web elements may be unequal. In other words, the groove portions on both sides of the individual web elements can be formed on the inner side of the fin with different lengths. Dividing the groove into two completely different groove parts can be achieved by a web element having an asymmetric cross-section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fin-shaped block. The web element may have an asymmetric contact surface, so that when the web element is arranged in the groove, this automatically falls into two unequal groove parts.

The length of the groove part of two adjacent grooves can vary with each other. This means that the groove portions of two adjacent grooves can be constructed to have different lengths on the inner side of the fin-shaped block. The variation of the length of the groove portion along the fin-shaped block can be achieved by arranging web elements with varying cross-sections (or individual contact surfaces) in individual grooves along the fin-shaped block. Here, the section refers to the section of the web element perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fin-shaped block.

The length variation of the groove parts of all grooves relative to each other can follow a non-constant function. In other words, the groove portions of all grooves may be variably different from each other in an irregular manner in their individual lengths on the inner side of the fin-shaped block. Alternatively, the variation can also follow a function that can be fixed.

Each web element can extend into the grooves of the individual grooves where it is configured. Here, in the area where the individual web element intersects the symmetry plane of the fin-shaped block extending in the longitudinal direction, each web element can have the greatest extent in the direction inside the groove. The symmetry plane extends through the fin-shaped block in the center and divides the fin-shaped block into two basically (mirror) identical halves (without considering the web elements).

The web element can be positioned in the groove and/or determine the size in the groove in such a way that it does not damage the engagement of the fins of the adjacent fins of the calibration device into the grooves of the fins.

Each web element can be bent (projected) inside the groove. Alternatively, each web element can also adopt a different shape inside the groove. The shape and size of the web elements in the grooves are designed to meet the desired stability (strength, rigidity, etc.) of the web elements, which in turn depends on the force acting on the web elements. Depending on the external requirements and the materials used, the web element can also be a flat body (for example, the thickness of the foil).

Furthermore, the fin-shaped block may have a carrier structure on which the fin structure is arranged. The carrier structure and the fin-shaped block may be made of the same material or of different materials. In particular, the carrier structure and/or the fins may be formed of metal materials or polymer materials. The carrier structure can be arranged on the fin structure of the fin block on the side facing away from the inner side of the fin block. The carrier structure and the fin structure may be formed as a one-piece component. Alternatively, the carrying structure may include at least one carrying rod, and the individual fins of the fin-shaped block are strung in the longitudinal direction along the carrying rod.

The fin-shaped block can be produced by 3D printing. Alternatively, the fins can be produced, for example, by milling, drilling, cutting, or by casting methods.

From various viewpoints, the fin-shaped block system according to the present invention is advantageous compared to the prior art. On the one hand, dividing the groove into groove portions allows the raised area on the surface of the extruded profile to be reduced during calibration. This can improve the surface condition of the calibration profile. Furthermore, the irregular length variation of the groove portion on the inner side of the fin-shaped block causes the corresponding irregular shape of the convex area on the surface of the extruded profile. As a result, chattering during the calibration of the profile described in the introduction can be prevented, because at least some of the raised areas no longer snap into the subsequent grooves due to their unevenness.

In addition, the selection of the appropriate shape and size design of the web elements in the grooves can ensure that the engagement of the fins of the adjacent fins of the fin device into the grooves of the fins is not restricted.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a calibration device for calibrating extruded profiles is provided, wherein the calibration device has a plurality of fin-shaped blocks according to the invention, and the fin-shaped blocks are arranged relative to each other to form a calibration opening. The fins can be arranged in such a way that they form a circular calibration opening.

Furthermore, the calibration device may include a plurality of actuation devices, wherein each actuation device is respectively coupled to one of the fins. Through the actuation device, each fin-shaped block can be actuated to the calibration opening individually in the radial direction. Therefore, the effective cross section of the calibration opening can be designed to be suitable for the cross section (diameter) of the profile to be calibrated as required.

Furthermore, the calibration device may have a housing provided for receiving and storing the actuating device, and a fin-shaped block coupled with the actuating device.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for producing the fin-shaped block according to the present invention is provided. The method for producing fin-shaped blocks at least includes the steps of producing fin-shaped blocks by 3D printing or by layered manufacturing. The production of fins by the 3D printing method or the multi-layer manufacturing method may include layer-by-layer laser sintering/laser melting of material layers, which are applied continuously (in order) according to the form of the fins to be produced Material layer.

Furthermore, the method may include the following steps: calculating the fin geometry (CAD data), and optionally, converting the 3D geometry data into corresponding control commands for 3D printing or layered manufacturing.

The method may include producing the fin block as a one-piece part. However, it should be understood that, according to alternative variants, the method may include producing each fin individually (for example having adjacent web elements respectively), and at least one load-bearing rod string along the longitudinal direction of the fin-shaped block From the fins.

According to another aspect, a method for producing fin-shaped blocks is provided. The method includes the following steps: creating a data set representing the fin-shaped blocks as described above; and storing the data set on a storage device or a server. The method may further include: inputting the data set into a processing device or a computer, and the processing device or computer activates the device for multi-layer manufacturing in such a way that the fin-shaped block represented in the data set is manufactured.

According to another aspect, a system for layered manufacturing of fin-shaped blocks is provided. The system has a data set generating device for generating a data set representing the fin-shaped block as described above; and a storage device for storing the A data set; and a processing device for receiving the data set and actuating the device for layered manufacturing in such a way that the device for layered manufacturing manufactures the fin-shaped block represented in the data set. The storage device can be a USB memory stick, CD-ROM, DVD, memory card, or hard disk. The processing device can be a computer, a server, or a processor.

According to another aspect, a computer program is provided or a computer program product containing a data set is provided separately, and the device used for multilayer manufacturing is made into the fin-shaped block as described above, and the data set is read by the processing device or the computer. Cause it to actuate the device used for multilayer manufacturing.

According to another aspect, a machine-readable data carrier is provided, on which the computer program is stored. The machine-readable data carrier can be a USB memory stick, CD-ROM, DVD, memory card, or hard disk.

According to another aspect, a data set representing the fin-shaped block as described above is provided. The data set can be stored on a machine-readable data carrier.

Figures 1a and 1b have already been discussed in the preface regarding the prior art field. Will refer to the description there.

With regard to FIGS. 2a to 2c, the fin-shaped block 100 for the calibration machine according to the present invention will now be further described.

The fin block 100 illustrated in FIG. 2a includes a fin structure 110 having a plurality of fins 112. Furthermore, the fin block 100 includes a carrier structure 120. The carrier structure 120 serves as a carrier of the fin structure 110.

Furthermore, the fin-shaped block 100 may have a coupling device (not illustrated here) provided for coupling with an actuating device (also not illustrated here) of the calibration device. The coupling device can be constructed so that it can be firmly connected to the carrier structure 120.

The carrier structure 120 (as illustrated in FIG. 2a) can be realized by a beam-shaped body, and the fins 112 are arranged along the beam-shaped body. In particular, the beam-shaped supporting member structure 120 may have holes for reducing the weight of the fin block 100. Alternatively, the carrier structure 120 may have at least one carrier rod on which the fin 112 is strung (refer to FIG. 1a for this).

The fin structure 110 includes a plurality of fins 112 which are arranged spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction L of the fin block 100. Adjacent fins 112 are separated from each other by corresponding grooves 130. According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2a, each fin 112 has a substantially (equilateral) triangular profile in the cross section in the longitudinal direction L. On the inner side of the fin block 100, each fin has a contact surface 114 in the calibration device facing the profile to be calibrated in the installed state. During calibration, the contact surface 114 will be in contact with the outer surface of the profile to be calibrated, such as a pipe. The contact surface 114 of each fin 112 has a slight (concave) curvature and at least partially represents the outer profile of the profile to be calibrated. According to the present application, the fin block 100 may also have different fin shapes, which may be different from the triangular cross-sectional profile described herein. Likewise, the contact surface 114 of each fin 112 may have a different curvature, or may be constructed separately so as to be flat or angled.

The fin block 100 illustrated in FIG. 2a further includes a web element 140 disposed in the groove 130 of the fin block 100. The web element 140 sequentially has a contact surface 142 on the inner side of the fin block 100, the contact surface terminating flush with the contact surface 114 of the fin 112 adjacent to the individual web element 140. This means that the contact surface 114 of the fin 112 and the contact surface 142 of the web element 140 form a common contact surface on the inner side of the fin block 100. The common contact surface can at least partially reproduce the outer contour of the profile to be calibrated.

In FIG. 2b, a front vertical view of the fin block 100 illustrated in FIG. 2a on the inner side of the fin is illustrated. In the front vertical view in FIG. 2b, the carrier structure 120 along which the fin 112 is arranged is indicated as an upright beam located behind the fin 112. The fin block 100 is formed mirror-symmetrically with respect to a symmetry plane 180 extending through the fin block at the center in the longitudinal direction. The contact surface 142 of the web element 140 is illustrated with hatching in FIG. 2b. In such a way that each web element 140 divides the associated groove 130 into two equal groove portions 132, 134, the web element 140 is centrally in the longitudinal direction L (ie, centrally along the plane of symmetry 180). ) Is arranged in the groove 130 of the fin block 100.

In Fig. 2c, the section of the fin-shaped block illustrated in Figs. 2a and 2b is illustrated in section A-A (see Fig. 2b). The contact surface 142 of the web element 140 terminates flush with the contact surface 114 of the adjacent fin 112. Furthermore, the web element 140 has a web element back surface 144 through which the web element 140 protrudes into the groove of the groove 130. The web element 140 has a circular shape on its back surface 144, and the cross-section of the shape is symmetrical with respect to the symmetry plane 180. It should be understood that the back 144 of the web element may also be formed to be angled. Regardless of its precise configuration on the back, the web element 140 protrudes into its groove 130 crossing the plane of symmetry 180 at the farthest position.

With regard to Fig. 3a, another fin-shaped block 200 for the calibration device according to the present invention will now be described in more detail. Similar to the fin-shaped block 100 according to FIGS. 2a to 2c, the fin-shaped block 200 has a fin-shaped structure 110 provided with a plurality of fins 112 which are separated from each other by grooves 130. Furthermore, the fin block 200 has a carrier structure 120 on which the fin structure 110 is disposed. Here, the carrier structure 120 can be constructed as a carrier structure just like the fin block 100. Refer to the corresponding description above. For simplicity, the features of the fin block 200 that are similar or identical in structure and function to the features of the fin block 100 are given the same reference numerals.

The web element 240 is arranged in the groove 130. The web element 240 is formed in such a way that at least some of the grooves 130 are divided into unequal groove portions 232, 234 with respect to the symmetry plane 180 on the inner side of the fin 200. As a result, during calibration, protruding areas of many lengths can be formed on the surface of the profile to be calibrated. Therefore, it is possible to greatly reduce or even completely prevent chattering during profile calibration.

Hereinafter, with respect to FIG. 3b, an exemplary configuration of the web elements 240a to 240f of the fin block 200 according to FIG. 3a will be described in further detail. The contact surfaces 242a to 242f have a slight (concave) curvature. The configuration of the contact surface 242 of each web element 240 can also vary according to the contour of the part to be calibrated. Furthermore, each web element 240a to 240f has a web element back surface 244a to 244f, and the web element back surface 244a to 244f protrudes into the groove of the individual groove 130. The back surfaces 244a to 244f of the web elements have curved surfaces, respectively.

In the cross section, at least some of the web elements 240a to 240f may be formed asymmetrically with respect to the symmetry plane 180 (refer to the web elements 240b, 240c, 240d, and 240f). In other words, at least some of the web elements 240 may have a cross-section that is inherently asymmetric. Furthermore, some or all of the web elements 240 may have asymmetric cross-sections with respect to each other. Each of the web elements 240 a to 240 f has the greatest degree at a position where it crosses the symmetry plane 180 of the fin block 200.

With regard to FIG. 4, the embodiment of the calibration device 500 according to the present invention will now be described in further detail. The calibration device 500 includes the plurality of fin blocks 100 and 200 according to the present invention as described above, so that the contact surface 114 of the fin 112 and the contact surfaces 142 and 242 of the web elements 140 and 240 of the fin blocks 100 and 200 are together In the manner of forming the calibration opening 510, the fins are arranged in the circumferential direction relative to each other. The calibration opening 510 corresponds to the desired outer profile (tube 515) of the profile to be calibrated.

A coupling device 150 is arranged on the carrier structure 120 of each fin-shaped block 100 and 200. Each coupling device 150 is again connected to the actuation device 520 respectively, which is fixed between the inner shell cylinder 530 and the outer shell cylinder 540 of the calibration device 500. The fin-shaped blocks 100 and 200 are actuated by the associated actuating device 520 so that the fin-shaped blocks 100 and 200 can move radially. In this way, the diameter of the calibration opening 510 can be adjusted in a variable manner because the fin 112 of each fin 100, 200 engages into the groove 130 adjacent to the fin 100, 200, respectively.

Basically, the structure of the calibration device 500 according to FIG. 4 is similar to the structure of the calibration device as described in DE 198 43 340 C2.

Fig. 5 schematically shows the arrangement of the fin-shaped block 200 illustrated in Fig. 3a in the calibration device. The individual web element 240 of each fin 200 has its individual maximum radial extent (the extent in the direction inside the groove) in the area where it intersects the symmetry plane 180 of the individual fin 200. Here, the size of the web element 240 is designed so as not to limit the engagement of the fins 112 of the adjacent fin blocks 200. The illustration according to FIG. 5 applies in a similar manner to the engagement of the fin-shaped block 100 according to the present invention (referring to FIGS. 2a-2c so far) with the asymmetric web element 140, which divides the groove 130 into Equal groove portions 131,134.

In order to produce the fin-shaped blocks 100 and 200 according to the present invention, it is preferable to use a method of generating or individually layered manufacturing. This production method 600 is shown in FIG. 6. Therefore, 3D printing method is used. Here, in the first step 610, the 3D geometry (CAD data) corresponding to the geometry of the fins 100 and 200 to be manufactured is calculated. In the second step 620, the calculated 3D geometric shape is converted into a control command for 3D printing. Finally, in the third step 630, based on the generated control commands, the fin blocks 100 and 200 are built layer by layer by a 3D printing method (for example, laser sintering, laser melting). Metal materials or polymer materials can be used as materials for 3D printing.

It should be understood that, according to alternative variants, the method may include individually producing each fin 112 (for example, having adjacent web elements 140, 240), and along the longitudinal direction of the fins 100, 200 At least one supporting rod strung the fin 112.

In addition to production by 3D printing, it is also conceivable to individually produce the fin blocks 100 and 200 or to produce each fin 112 individually by milling, drilling, cutting, or by casting methods.

The use of the fin-shaped blocks and web elements described here can further improve the alignment of the ring profile, especially the plastic profile. In particular, a favorable reduction of the raised area on the surface of the shaped material can be achieved. Furthermore, through the web element in the longitudinal direction of the fin-shaped block, irregular groove part patterns can be realized and therefore irregular raised areas on the profile surface can be realized, thereby eliminating or at least greatly reducing the profile calibration period之 trembling.

100: fins 110: Fin structure 112: Fins 114: contact surface 120: Bearing structure 130: groove 131: groove part 132: groove part 134: groove part 140: Web element 142: contact surface 144: Back of web element 150: coupling device 180: plane of symmetry 200: fins 232: groove part 234: groove part 240: web element 240a: web element 240b: web element 240c: web element 240d: web element 240e: web element 240f: web element 242: contact surface 242a: contact surface 242b: contact surface 242c: contact surface 242d: contact surface 242e: contact surface 242f: contact surface 244a: Back of web element 244b: Back of web element 244c: Back of web element 244d: Back of web element 244e: Back of web element 244f: Back of web element 500: Calibration device 510: Calibration opening 515: pipe fittings 520: Actuator 530: inner shell cylinder 540: shell cylinder

The other advantages, details, and aspects of the present invention are explained with the aid of the following drawings. Shown as:

[Figure 1a] A fin-shaped block used for calibrating a device according to the prior art;

[Fig. 1b] Another fin-shaped block used for calibrating the device according to the prior art;

[Figure 2a] is a 3D view of the fin-shaped block according to the present invention;

[Figure 2b] is a front vertical view on the inside of the fin-shaped block illustrated in Figure 2a;

[Figure 2c] A-A sectional view of the fin-shaped block illustrated in Figures 2a and 2b (see Figure 2b);

[Figure 3a] is a view of another fin-shaped block according to the present invention;

[Figure 3b] is an illustration of the isolation of the web elements of the fin-shaped block illustrated in Figure 3a;

[Figure 4] is a view of a calibration device with a plurality of fins according to the present invention;

[FIG. 5] A schematic diagram of the fin-shaped block according to the present invention which is engaged with each other; and

[Fig. 6] A block diagram of the method for producing the fin-shaped block according to the present invention.

110: Fin structure

112: Fins

120: Bearing structure

130: groove

180: plane of symmetry

200: fins

232: groove part

234: groove part

242: contact surface

242a: contact surface

242b: contact surface

242c: contact surface

242d: contact surface

242e: contact surface

242f: contact surface

L: Longitudinal direction

Claims (18)

A fin-shaped block (100, 200) for calibrating a calibration device (500) of an extruded profile (515), wherein the fin-shaped block (100, 200) comprises a fin structure (110) having a plurality of fins (112) ), the fins are separated from each other by grooves (130) and arranged in the longitudinal direction of the fin-shaped block (100, 200), characterized in that at least some grooves (130) respectively have web elements ( 140, 240), which divides each groove (130) on the inner side of the fin-shaped block (100, 200) into two groove parts (132, 134, 232, 234). For example, the fin-shaped block (100, 200) of claim 1, wherein each web element (140, 240) is arranged in each groove in a manner that terminates flush with the fin-shaped block (100, 200) on the inner side surface In the slot (130). Such as the fin-shaped block (200) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the two groove parts (232, 234) of the groove (130) generated by each web element (140, 240) are not equal. Such as the fin-shaped block (200) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the lengths of the groove portions (232, 234) of two adjacent grooves (130) vary with respect to each other. Such as the fin-shaped block (200) of claim 3, wherein the length changes of the groove parts (232, 234) of all grooves (130) relative to each other follow a non-constant function. For example, the fin-shaped block (100, 200) of claim 1 or 2, wherein each web element (140, 240) extends into the groove of each groove (130), and in each web element (140, 240) ) In the area intersecting the symmetry plane (180) of the fin-shaped block (100, 200) extending along the longitudinal direction, each web element (140, 240) has the greatest extent in the direction inside the groove Of reaching into. The fin-shaped block (100, 200) of claim 6, wherein each web element (140, 240) is formed to be curved inside the groove. The fin-shaped block (100, 200) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the fin-shaped block further has a carrier structure (120) on which the fin structure (110) is disposed. For example, the fin-shaped block (100, 200) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the fin-shaped block (100, 200) is produced by 3D printing or a layered manufacturing method, respectively. A calibration device (500) for calibrating extruded profiles, comprising a plurality of fin-shaped blocks (100, 200) as in one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fin-shaped blocks (100, 200) are arranged relative to each other Used to form a calibration opening (510). For example, the calibration device (500) of claim 10, wherein the calibration device (500) includes a plurality of actuating devices (520), wherein each of the actuating devices (520) and the fin-shaped block (100, 200) are respectively The fins of are coupled to individually actuate each fin (100, 200). A method (600) for producing fin-shaped blocks (100, 200) such as one of claims 1 to 9, including producing the fin-shaped blocks (100, 200) by 3D printing or by layered manufacturing, respectively ) Step (630). For example, the method (600) of claim 12 further includes calculating (610) the geometry of the 3D fins, and converting (620) the calculated 3D geometry data into the 3D printing or the stack Corresponding control commands for manufacturing. A method for producing fin-shaped blocks (100, 200), including the following steps: Create a data group representing fins (100, 200) such as one of request items 1 to 9; Store the data set on a storage device or server; and The data set is input into a processing device or computer, and the processing device or computer activates the device for multi-layer manufacturing by manufacturing the fin-shaped blocks (100, 200) represented in the data set. A system for the build-up of fin-shaped blocks (100, 200), including: A data set generating device for generating a data set representing fin-shaped blocks (100, 200) such as one of request items 1 to 9; Storage device for storing the data group; The processing device is used for receiving the data set and activating the device for layered manufacturing, so that the device for layering manufacturing produces the fin-shaped blocks (100, 200) represented in the data set. A computer program that includes a data set. After the data set is read by a processing device or a computer, the data set activates the device for multilayer manufacturing, and makes the device for multilayer manufacturing have such requirements as 1 to 9 One of the characteristic fin-shaped blocks (100, 200). A machine-readable data carrier on which a computer program such as claim 16 is stored. A data group, which represents fin-shaped blocks (100, 200) having the characteristics of one of claims 1-9.

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