TW201914845A - Suspension device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention comprises: an annular spring receiver (11) which is fitted to the outer periphery of an outer tube (1) so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction and which supports one end of a suspension spring (3); an annular restricting member (10) which is fitted to the anti-suspension spring side of the spring receiver (11) of the outer periphery of the outer tube (1) and which restricts movement of the spring receiver (11) toward the anti-suspension spring side; a plurality of cam parts (22A), (22B) which are provided on the restricting member (10) side of the spring receiver (11) and which have a plurality of abutting surfaces (23), (24), (25), each with differing axial-direction heights; and a plurality of protrusions (17A), (17B) which are provided on the restricting member (10), are respectively disposed in positions corresponding to the cam parts (22A), (22B), and which abut the abutting surfaces (23), (24), (25).

Description

Suspension

The invention relates to a suspension device.

The conventional suspension device is a member embedded between the body of the locomotive and the wheel, and has an outer tube; a rod that is movably inserted in the outer tube along the axial direction; Suspension spring that the rod springs in the direction of elongation.

In addition, JP2007-085378A discloses a suspension device including a spring seat provided with a cam portion that is rotatably mounted in the circumferential direction on a cylindrical shape disposed on the outer circumference of the rod The outer periphery of the cover body, which supports one end of the suspension spring and has a plurality of cam surfaces of different heights on the opposite side of the suspension spring; the initial load adjustment device is formed by a restriction member having a spring seat facing the aforementioned spring Protrusions protruding from the side.

According to this structure, the initial load acting on the suspension spring can be adjusted as long as the spring seat is turned so that the protrusion abuts the cam surface of any height.

In addition, in the conventional suspension device, since the protrusion and the cam surface come into contact at one point, the spring force of the suspension spring is concentrated on the abutment portion of the cam surface. For this reason, in order to ensure the strength of the cam portion and the protrusion, the spring seat and the restricting member are formed of metal having good strength such as iron, and the restricting member is welded and fixed to the lid.

Furthermore, if the spring seat and the restricting member are formed of iron or the like as usual, the weight of the spring seat and the restricting member will become heavier.

In addition, the aforementioned initial load adjustment device may be provided on the outer periphery of the outer tube. Furthermore, in the case of welding and fixing the restricting member as in the conventional manner, in order not to produce welding distortion in the outer tube, as disclosed in JP2013-036520A, it is necessary to perform "making the protector clip interposed with the outer tube", etc. The countermeasures are quite time-consuming and troublesome.

In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a suspension device that can form a spring seat and a restricting member from a material with a lower strength and a lighter weight, even if the restricting member is not welded.

The means for solving the aforementioned problem is characterized by comprising: a rod, which can be inserted into the outer tube so as to be movable in the axial direction; and a suspension spring, which is provided on the outer periphery of the outer tube and urges the rod in the extension direction; and a ring A spring seat in the shape of a spring is rotatably provided on the outer periphery of either the outer tube or the rod to support one end of the suspension spring; and a ring-shaped restricting member is provided between the outer tube or the rod The outer periphery of any one of them is mounted on the opposite side of the suspension spring of the spring seat, and restricts the movement of the spring seat toward the opposite side of the suspension spring; and a plurality of cam parts, the restriction member provided on the spring seat Side, or the spring seat side of the restriction member, having a plurality of abutting surfaces each having a different height in the axial direction; and a plurality of protrusions provided on the other of the spring seat or the restriction member, respectively At a position corresponding to each cam portion, it abuts on the abutment surface.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The same component symbol marked on each drawing indicates the same part or corresponding part.

The suspension device S is installed on the locomotive 100 as shown in FIG. 1. The locomotive 100 includes: a vehicle body frame 101; a front wheel 103 connected to the front of the vehicle body frame 101 in the traveling direction through the front fork 102; and a rear wheel 104 connected to the rear of the vehicle body frame 101 in the traveling direction through the suspension device S.

In detail, the vehicle body frame 101 is composed of the following components: a head pipe 110 located at the center of the vehicle in the vehicle width direction; a lower frame 111 connected to the head pipe 110 and extending downward in the drawing; connected to the lower frame The lower end of 111 is a bottom frame 112 extending rearward in the direction of travel; a rear frame 113 connected to the rear end of the bottom frame 112. Then, the rear frame 113 supports the seat cushion 105 on which the driver rides.

The front fork 102 includes a fork body 120 whose lower end is connected to the axle of the front wheel 103 and a steering shaft 121 connected to the upper end of the fork body 120 and inserted into the head pipe 110. Next, at the upper end of the steering shaft 121, a grip 106 is supported.

In addition, below the vehicle body frame 101 is provided a foot pedal 107 that can be placed on the feet of the driver seated on the seat cushion 105 during walking. In addition, a center cover 108 surrounding the lower frame 111, the bottom frame 112, and the rear frame 113 is arranged at the center position of the foot pedal 107 in the vehicle width direction. In addition, below the grip 106, a front cover 109 surrounding the head pipe 110 and the steering shaft 121 is arranged.

In addition, the locomotive 100 includes an internal combustion engine that generates driving force, that is, an engine 130; and an axle connected to the rear wheels 104, and a power transmission device 131 that transmits the driving force generated by the engine 130 to the rear wheels 104.

Next, the suspension device S is fitted between the "power transmission device 131" connected to the axle of the rear wheel 104 and the rear frame 113.

As shown in FIG. 2, the suspension device S includes: a shock absorber body D having an outer tube 1 and a rod 2 movably inserted into the outer tube 1 in the axial direction; and a suspension spring 3 provided on the outer periphery of the outer tube 1 ， Push the rod 2 in the direction of extension; The initial load adjustment device 4 can adjust the initial load of the suspension spring 3.

In detail, as shown in FIG. 2, the damper body D is composed of the following members: a rod 2 that is axially movable into an outer tube 1 having a bottomed cylindrical shape; and a rod guide 5 that is attached to the outer tube The open end of 1, the shaft supports the rod 2; the free piston 6, which can be slidably inserted into the inner circumference of the outer tube 1, divides the inner tube 1 into "liquid chambers R" filled with working fluid and sealed with gas The piston 7 is located at the front end of the rod 2 and divides the liquid chamber R into two chambers: "extending side chamber R1" and "pressure side chamber R2".

In addition, the piston 7 is formed with an extension-side passage 7a and a pressure-side passage 7b that communicate the extension-side chamber R1 and the pressure-side chamber R2. In addition, the piston 7 is provided with an extension side valve 9 which is stacked on the pressure side chamber side of the piston 7 to resist the flow of the actuating fluid through the extension side passage 7a; a pressure side valve 8 which is stacked on the extension side chamber side of the piston 7, Resistance is applied to the flow of the actuating fluid through the pressure-side passage 7b. In this way, once the shock absorber body D expands and contracts, as the moving fluid moves from the compression side chamber in the outer tube 1 toward the expansion side chamber through the extension side passage 7a or the pressure side passage 7b, the extension side valve 9 The resistance of the side valve 8 will act on the flow of the actuating fluid and generate a damping force.

In addition, the gas chamber G is expanded or contracted by the movement of the free piston 6 in the axial direction, and becomes compensable: the internal volume of the hydraulic cylinder is formed due to the expansion and contraction of the shock absorber body D due to the "rod". The induced changes, and the volume changes of the actuating fluid due to temperature changes.

In the present embodiment, although the damper body D is a single cylinder type, and the hydraulic cylinder is provided in the outer tube 1, it may be set to a double cylinder type in which the piston 7 and the bottom valve are inserted into the hydraulic cylinder. In the case of forming a double cylinder type, the reservoir volume formed between the outer tube 1 and the pressure cylinder compensates for the volume of the hydraulic cylinder due to the expansion and contraction of the damper body D due to the "bar" ｣The changes caused.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, on the opposite side of the rod-side end of the outer tube 1 is provided a body-side bracket 35 that can be connected to the body side of the locomotive, and on the side opposite the piston-side end of the rod 2, That is, the base end is provided with a wheel-side bracket 36 that can be connected to the wheel side of the locomotive. In this way, the shock absorber body D can connect the outer tube 1 to the vehicle body through the vehicle body-side bracket 35, and can connect the rod 2 to the wheel through the wheel-side bracket 36, and can be embedded in the vehicle body in an inverted state. Between the wheels. However, the outer tube 1 side of the shock absorber body D may be connected to the wheel, the lever 2 side may be connected to the vehicle body, and the shock absorber body D may be fitted upright between the vehicle body and the wheel.

In addition, at the opposite end of the rod side end of the outer tube 1, an inserting member 38 that is fitted between “and the vehicle body side bracket 35” is provided. Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the fitting member 38 is connected to the portion of the outer tube 1 into a ring-shaped flange portion 38a having an outer diameter larger than that of the "outer tube 1", and the flange portion 38a is in the axial direction In the perspective of, it protrudes toward the outside.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, on the outer periphery of the opposite side end of the rod side end of the outer tube 1, a ring-shaped restricting member 10 and a ring-shaped upper spring seat 11 are sequentially stacked and attached to the flange portion 38 a. Next, between the "ring-shaped lower spring seat 37" provided on the outer circumference of the rod 2 and the upper spring seat 11, a suspension spring that elastically pushes the rod 2 in the elongation direction and elastically supports the vehicle body is inserted. 3. In this way, the suspension device S absorbs the impact input from the road surface while the vehicle is traveling, and the suspension spring 3 absorbs the damping force generated when the shock absorber body D expands and contracts to suppress the vertical vibration of the suspension spring 3. Can make the vehicle feel good.

Next, the initial load adjustment device 4 will be described. The initial load adjustment device 4 is composed of the above-described upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the upper spring seat 11 includes: a cylindrical portion 20 that is mounted on the outer periphery of the outer tube 1 and can freely rotate in the circumferential direction and move freely in the axial direction; The outer periphery of the portion 20 is provided in the circumferential direction, and supports one end of the suspension spring 3.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, on the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 20, a plurality of ribs 41 extending in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 20 are provided in the circumferential direction, and these ribs 41 guide the upper spring bearing The axis of the seat 11 moves.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the support portion 21 is composed of a plurality of protrusions 21 a which are provided in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 20 and protrude outward from the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 20. . In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the inside of the protrusion 21a is formed with material stealing (meaning: reducing the amount of material), and the material of the upper spring seat 11 can be reduced.

Although the support portion 21 is composed of a plurality of protrusions 21a provided in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 20, for example, a flange may be provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 20 and the suspension spring 3 may be supported by the flange At the end.

In addition, a plurality of cam portions 22A and 22B are provided on the opposite side of the suspension spring of the cylindrical portion 20, that is, on the side of the restricting member, and the plurality of cam portions 22A and 22B have a plurality of abutments with different axial heights面 23,24,25.

Specifically, two cam portions 22A and 22B are provided in the circumferential direction on the upper end of the upper spring seat 11 at the upper end of the cylindrical portion 20 in the figure. As shown in FIG. 3, the material thickness in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 20 is set to be equal to the material thickness in the radial direction of the cam portions 22A and 22B provided at the upper end of the cylindrical portion 20, and the thickness of the forming material is thicker. Not only that, each cam portion 22A, 22B is provided with cam ridge portions 26, 27, 28, the cam ridge portions 26, 27, 28 are provided: in the counterclockwise direction (left direction in the figure), according to the first cam ridge portion 26. The order of the second cam ridge portion 27 having a higher axial height than the first cam ridge portion 26 and the third cam ridge portion 28 having a higher axial height than the second cam ridge portion 27 are arranged at equal intervals. Then, as shown in FIGS. 4 (A) to (C), the first cam ridge portion 26 includes: a first contact surface 23 which is an inclined surface connected to the adjacent third cam ridge portion 28; and the first The locking surface 29 is an inclined surface connected to the adjacent second cam ridge 27. In addition, the second cam ridge 27 includes a second contact surface 24, which is an inclined surface connected to the adjacent first cam ridge 26, and has a height in the axial direction higher than that of the first contact surface 23; and a second card The stop surface 30 is an inclined surface connected to the adjacent third cam ridge 28. In addition, the third cam ridge portion 28 includes a third contact surface 25, which is an inclined surface connected to the adjacent second cam ridge portion 27, and has an axial height higher than that of the second contact surface 24; and a third card The stop surface 31 is an inclined surface connected to the adjacent first cam ridge 26.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 4 (A) to (C), the inclination angles of the contact surfaces 23, 24, and 25 of the cam ridges 26, 27, and 28 are set to be completely equal.

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the restricting member 10 includes: an annular base 12 that is rotatably attached to the outer periphery of the outer tube 1 in the circumferential direction; and a plurality of protrusions 17A, 17B at the annular base The lower ends in the drawing of FIG. 12 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, are arranged at positions corresponding to the respective cam portions 22A, 22B, and abut on the abutment surfaces 23, 24, 25.

Specifically, the restricting member 10 is provided with two protrusions 17A and 17B in the circumferential direction at the lower end of the annular base 12 in the figure. In addition, the material thickness in the radial direction of the protrusions 17A and 17B is set to be greater than the material thickness in the radial direction of the cam portions 22A and 22B. In addition, the first protrusions 13, the second protrusions 14, and the third protrusions 15 are provided in the counterclockwise direction (left direction in the drawing) of each protrusion 17A, 17B. Next, the inclination angle of the first protrusion 13 adjacent to the third protrusion 15 side is set to be the same as the inclination angle of the third locking surface 31, and the inclination angle of the first protrusion 13 adjacent to the second protrusion 14 side is set The inclination angle is the same as that of the first contact surface 23. In addition, the inclination angle of the second protrusion 14 adjacent to the first protrusion 13 side is set to be the same as the inclination angle of the first locking surface 29, and the inclination angle of the second protrusion 14 adjacent to the third protrusion 15 side is set The inclination angle is the same as that of the second contact surface 24. In addition, the inclination angle of the third protrusion 15 adjacent to the second protrusion 14 is set to be the same as the inclination angle of the second locking surface 30, and the inclination angle of the third protrusion 15 adjacent to the first protrusion 13 side is set to The inclination angle is the same as the third contact surface 25.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), the protrusions 17A and 17B provided in the restricting member 10 are shaped to conform to the cam portions 22A and 22B.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the restricting member 10 includes a cylindrical cover 16 extending from the outer periphery of the annular base 12 toward the upper spring seat. Not only that, as shown in FIG. 5, on the outer periphery of the cover 16, a plurality of protrusions 21 a provided at the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 20 are provided at the same interval in the circumferential direction, along the cover 16. The protrusion 40 ′ extending in the axial direction.

Next, the operation of the initial load adjustment device 4 of this embodiment will be described. The initial load adjustment device 4 forms an initial load that can adjust the suspension spring 3 in three stages. In the first stage where the initial load of the suspension spring 3 is minimized, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), the first protrusions 13 and 13 are brought into contact with the first contact surfaces 23 and 23 to The second protrusions 14 and 14 are in contact with the second contact surfaces 24 and 24, and the third protrusions 15 and 15 are in contact with the third contact surfaces 25 and 25.

At this time, the upper spring seat 11 having the cam portions 22A, 22B is urged by the suspension spring 3 toward the restricting member 10 side. Since the contact surfaces 23, 24, 25 and the protrusions 13, 14, 15 are inclined The abutment is formed, so that a force that relatively rotates the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 acts. However, even if the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 are to rotate relative to each other, since the protrusions 13, 14, 15 abut on the respective locking surfaces 29, 30, 31, the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 are prevented Relative rotation.

In the second stage where the initial load of the suspension spring 3 is greater than the first stage by one level, the upper spring bearing 11 is turned to make the abutment surfaces 23, 24, 25 of the protrusions 13, 14, 15 abut one by one Move in the counterclockwise direction (left direction in the drawing). Once this is done, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), the first protrusions 13 and 13 abut on the second abutment surfaces 24 and 24, respectively, and the second protrusions 14 and 14 abut on the third abutment respectively面 25,25. In this way, due to the difference in height between the first contact surface 23 and the second contact surface 24 in the axial direction, the upper spring bearing 11 is moved downward in the second drawing, so it is embedded in the upper spring bearing 11 The initial load of the suspension spring 3 between the lower spring bearing 37 and the lower spring bearing 37 is increased by one level.

At this time, since the protrusions 13 and 14 are in contact with the locking surfaces 29 and 30, the relative rotation of the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 is prevented.

In the third stage where the initial load of the suspension spring 3 is larger than the second stage by one level, the upper spring seat 11 is rotated further than the second stage, and the abutment surfaces 24 where the protrusions 13 and 14 abut , 25, move one by one in the counterclockwise direction (left direction in the drawing). Once this is done, as shown in FIG. 4 (C), the first protrusions 13 and 13 abut on the third abutment surfaces 25 and 25, respectively. In this way, due to the difference in the heights of the second contact surface 24 and the third contact surface 25 in the axial direction, the upper spring bearing 11 is moved further downward in the second figure, so the initial suspension spring 3 The load becomes larger than the second stage.

At this time, since the first projections 13 and 13 abut on the second locking surfaces 30 and 30, the relative rotation of the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 is prevented.

When the initial load of the suspension spring 3 is set to be small, it is only necessary to turn the upper spring seat 11 in the opposite direction to the "when the initial load of the suspension spring 3 is set to be large".

In this way, the initial load adjustment device 4 can adjust the suspension spring 3 by rotating the upper spring bearing 11 to make the protrusions 13, 14, 15 abut on any contact surfaces 23, 24, 25. The size of the initial load.

In addition, as described earlier, in the first stage of the initial load adjustment device 4, each first protrusion 13, 13; each second protrusion 14, 14; and each third protrusion 15, 15 respectively abut against each first The abutment surfaces 23, 23; each second abutment surface 24, 24; each third abutment surface 25, 25. Therefore, in the first stage of the initial load adjusting device 4, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), the restricting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11 are brought into full contact over the entire circumference.

Next, in the second stage of the initial load adjustment device 4, each of the first protrusions 13, 13; each of the second protrusions 14, 14 abuts on the first contact surfaces 23, 23; each second contact surface 24, 24, the restricting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), come into contact at four places.

Furthermore, in the third stage of the initial load adjustment device 4, since the first protrusions 13 and 13 abut on the first contact surfaces 23 and 23, the restricting member 10 and the upper spring bearing 11 are as follows As shown in Fig. 4 (C), contact is formed at two locations.

Therefore, in the initial load adjustment device 4, the restricting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11 often come into contact at two or more places.

In this way, in the initial load adjustment device 4, since the restricting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11 are frequently in contact with two or more parts, compared to the conventional case where the contact is made at one point, the restricting member can be made 10 The contact area with the upper spring seat 11 becomes larger. In addition, since the restricting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11 frequently come into contact at two or more places, even if the upper spring seat 11 is pressed by the suspension spring 3, it is less likely to be tilted and stable compared to the conventional one.

In addition, in this embodiment, since the material thickness of the cam portions 22A, 22B and the protrusions 17A, 17B in the radial direction is relatively thick, a larger contact area of the “restricting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11” can be secured. , To further reduce the pressure acting on the restricting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11.

Not only that, in this embodiment, since the inclination angles of the contact surfaces 23, 24, 25; and the inclination angles of the sides where the protrusions 13, 14, 15 and the abutment surfaces 23, 24, 25 are equal, Therefore, the contact surfaces 23, 24, 25 and the protrusions 13, 14, 15 are in surface contact rather than point contact, and a larger contact area of the “restricting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11” can be ensured.

In addition, since the inclination angles of the contact surfaces 23, 24, and 25 are equal to each other, even if the upper spring seat 11 is turned to change the contact surfaces 23, 24, and 25 of the projections 13, 14, 15, the projections 13, 14, 15 and the contact surfaces 23, 24, 25 are still in contact with each other.

Therefore, in this embodiment, it is possible to further reduce the pressure acting on the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 by the spring force of the suspension spring 3. In this way, the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 can be formed even with a material that is lower in strength and lighter than conventional ones, so the selectivity of the material is improved. The strength of the material forming the upper spring bearing 11 and the restricting member 10 is at least in the case of the smallest contact area, that is, in this embodiment, the following strength is sufficient: the initial load adjustment device 4 can be set to the first In the case of three stages, the maximum pressure applied.

In addition, in this embodiment, since it is not necessary to weld and fix the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 to the outer periphery of the outer tube 1, in addition to the step of the welding operation, it is also possible to omit the prevention The protection of welding distortion of tube 1 can reduce the number of parts.

Although there are three cam ridges 26, 27, and 28 in each cam part 22A, 22B, the number of cam ridges is not limited to three, as long as it corresponds to the initial load of the suspension spring 3 to be adjusted The number of segments can be set to any number.

In addition, the first cam ridge portions 26, 26; the second cam ridge portions 27, 27; and the third cam ridge portions 28, 28 provided in the cam portions 22A, 22B, respectively, may have different heights in the axial direction. . In this case, it is only necessary to set the axial heights of the protrusions 13, 14 and 15 of the protrusions 17A and 17B to "the fitting height of the cam portion 22A and the protrusion 17A", "the cam portion 22B and the protrusion The "fitting height of 17B" may be the same height.

In addition, although in this embodiment, two cam portions 22A and 22B are provided on the upper spring seat 11, the number of cam portions is not limited to two, and three or more may be provided.

In addition, a plurality of cam portions may be arranged at arbitrary positions in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 20. In addition, a plurality of cam portions may be provided at intervals.

However, if the number of cam portions is increased or a portion without a cam portion is provided, the circumference of each cam portion will be shortened, and the inclination angle of each cam ridge portion 26, 27, 28 becomes sharp. Once this is done, when the upper spring seat 11 is turned, the resistance generated between the protrusions 13, 14, and 15 becomes larger, so that the operability of the initial load adjustment device 4 decreases. Therefore, when the number of cam parts 22A and 22B is two as in the present embodiment, and the cam parts 22A and 22B are provided continuously without gaps, the inclination angles of the cam ridges 26, 27 and 28 can be relaxed, so The operability of the initial load adjustment device 4 is good.

In addition, in the present embodiment, although the protrusions 17A and 17B are shaped to conform to the cam portions 22A and 22B, as long as they are arranged at positions corresponding to the cam portions 22A and 22B, the protrusions 17A and 17B The number and shape of the protrusions of 17B are not particularly limited, as long as at least one protrusion is provided for each corresponding cam portion.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, although the protrusions 17A and 17B are provided on the restricting member 10 and the cam portions 22A and 22B are provided on the upper spring seat 11, the protrusions 17A and 17B may be provided on the upper spring. The socket 11 is provided with cam portions 22A and 22B on the restricting member 10.

In this embodiment, the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 are formed of synthetic resin. In this way, once the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 are formed of synthetic resin, the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 can be made lighter than the case where it is formed of a metal such as iron, and the upper spring The forming of the socket 11 and the restricting member 10 becomes easy.

In addition, when the same number of cam ridges 26, 27, and 28 are provided on the cylindrical portion 20 of the upper spring seat 11, the longer the circumference of the cylindrical portion 20, the smaller the cam ridges 26, 27, and 28 can be reduced. The inclination angle of each contact surface 23, 24, 25. Here, since the upper spring seat 11 is formed of a lightweight and easy-to-form synthetic resin, even in order to extend the circumference of the cylindrical portion 20, the material thickness in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 20 becomes thicker and the outer diameter becomes larger Compared with the metal, it will not become heavier.

Therefore, when the upper spring seat 11 is formed of synthetic resin, as long as the material thickness in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 20 is increased to form a large outer diameter, the operability of the initial load adjustment device 4 can be improved.

Although the type of synthetic resin is not particularly limited, when the spring force of the suspension spring 3 is set to be very large, and the pressure acting on the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 becomes very large, You can also choose to use glass fiber and other reinforced resin as a reinforcing material.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, on the outer periphery of the annular base portion 12 of the restricting member 10, a cover 16 that surrounds the protrusions 17A and 17B and the cam portions 22A and 22B is provided. In this way, the formed foreign matter will not be caught between the cam portions 22A, 22B and the protrusion portions 17A, 17B. The length of the cover 16 in the axial direction is at least a length sufficient to cover the cam portions 22A and 22B when the initial load adjustment device 4 is set to the "third stage where the initial load of the suspension spring 3 becomes the highest". can.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the cam ridges 26, 27, 28 of the cam portions 22A, 22B and the contact surfaces 23, 24, 25 are formed from the axial center side toward the outer circumferential side and toward the opposite side of the restricting member tilt. In this way, in case, even if the cover 16 cannot completely prevent foreign matter from being caught between the cam portions 22A, 22B and the protrusions 17A, 17B, it is easily discharged to the outside by the aforementioned inclination.

In addition, the initial load adjustment device 4 is provided with a stopper that restricts the projections 13, 14, 15 from the contact surface with the highest height in the "axis direction, that is, the third contact surface 25" toward the "axis" The direction height is lower than that of the third contact surface 25 by one level, and moves in the opposite direction.

In addition, the initial load adjustment device 4 is provided with a stopper, and the third contact surface 23, 24, 25 has the first contact surface 23 side with the lowest height in the axial direction as the starting end, and the third with the highest axial height. In the case where the contact surface 25 side is the terminal, the stopper prevents the following situation: each protrusion 17A, 17B moves from the terminal toward the opposite side of the starting end, and moves to the position corresponding to each protrusion 17A, 17B The cam portions 22A, 22B "do not form opposing positions.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the stopper is composed of the following: a pair of inner peripheral protrusions 50 and 50 are provided at positions facing each other on the inner periphery of the cover 16 of the restricting member 10; A pair of outer peripheral protrusions 51 and 51 are provided at positions opposite to the outer periphery of the upper spring seat 11 by 180 degrees. Next, the inner peripheral protrusions 50, 50 are provided at positions corresponding to the first protrusions 13, 13, respectively, and the outer peripheral protrusions 51, 51 are provided at positions corresponding to the third cam ridges 28, 28, respectively. . In this way, even if the projections 17A and 17B are to be moved to the left in the drawing from the state of the third stage shown in FIG. 4 (C), the inner peripheral protrusions 50 and 50 and the outer peripheral protrusions 51 and 51 will abut each other to stop the rotation. Therefore, once such a stopper is provided, the first protrusion 13 cannot move from the third abutment surface 25 with the highest height in the axial direction, and suddenly moves toward the first abutment surface 23 with the lowest height in the axial direction, thus preventing the upper spring The seat 11 is pressed by the suspension spring 3 to cause the cam portions 22A, 22B and the protruding portions 17A, 17B to hit hard.

The structure of the stopper is not limited to the structure of the present embodiment, as long as it is a mechanism that can prevent the protrusions 17A, 17B from moving from the terminal toward the opposite side of the starting end, and move to correspond to each protrusion The cam portions 22A and 22B of 17A and 17B do not form opposing positions.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of protrusions 40 provided in the circumferential direction at the same interval on the outer periphery of the cover 16 and a plurality of protrusions 21 a provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 20 may serve as “ A grip that can be held by a human hand comes into play. In this way, the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 are turned by holding the handle by hand. As long as the handle can be held by a human hand, it is not limited to the shape of this embodiment.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, on the outer periphery of the upper spring seat 11 of the present embodiment, the numbers 1 to 3 are described at equal intervals every half-period. In addition, a mark 60 is described for each pair of protrusions 40 and 40 facing each other in each protrusion 40 of the cover 16.

Then, the aforementioned number and mark 60 are described in the position corresponding to the number facing the mark 60, and the initial load adjustment device 4 is switched from the first stage to the third stage. In this way, the initial load adjusting device 4 of this embodiment can easily perform the initial load adjusting operation.

In addition, in the suspension device S of the present embodiment, the initial load adjustment device 4 is provided on the outer periphery of the outer tube 1, but it may be provided on the outer periphery of the rod 2.

Although the suspension device S in FIG. 1 is a rear shock absorber embedded between the rear wheel 104 of the locomotive 100 and the body frame 101, it can also be used to mount the front wheel 103 and the body frame 101 之间 的 前叉 102.

Although the best embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, as long as it does not deviate from the scope of the patent application, of course, it can be modified, deformed and changed.

This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-184626 filed with the Japanese Patent Office (JPO) on September 26, 2017. The specification of this case is written with full reference to the content disclosed in the priority case.

1‧‧‧Outer tube

2‧‧‧

3‧‧‧Suspending spring

4‧‧‧Initial load adjustment device

5‧‧‧Lever guide

6‧‧‧Free Piston

7‧‧‧ Piston

7a‧‧‧Extended access

7b‧‧‧Pressure side passage

8‧‧‧Pressure side valve

9‧‧‧Extend side valve

10‧‧‧Restricted components

11‧‧‧Upper spring bearing

12‧‧‧ring base

13‧‧‧First protrusion

14‧‧‧Second protrusion

15‧‧‧The third protrusion

16‧‧‧ cover

17A, 17B ‧‧‧ protrusion

20‧‧‧Cylinder

21‧‧‧Support

21a

22A, 22B ‧‧‧Cam part

23, 24, 25 ‧‧‧ first to third abutment surfaces

26, 27, 28 ‧‧‧ First to third cam ridges

29, 30, 31 ‧‧‧ First to third locking surfaces

35‧‧‧Car body side bracket

36‧‧‧Wheel side bracket

37‧‧‧Lower spring bearing

38‧‧‧Embedded components

38a‧‧‧E

40‧‧‧Projection

41‧‧‧rib

50‧‧‧Inner peripheral protrusion

51‧‧‧Peripheral protrusion

60‧‧‧ logo

100‧‧‧ Locomotive

101‧‧‧Car body frame

102‧‧‧Fork

103‧‧‧Front wheel

104‧‧‧Rear wheel

105‧‧‧seat cushion

106‧‧‧grip

107‧‧‧ foot pedal

108‧‧‧Central cover

109‧‧‧Front cover

110‧‧‧Head tube

111‧‧‧Descent frame

112‧‧‧Bottom frame

113‧‧‧ Rear frame

120‧‧‧ Fork body

121‧‧‧Steering shaft

130‧‧‧Engine

131‧‧‧Power transmission device

D‧‧‧Buffer body

G‧‧‧gas chamber

R‧‧‧Liquid Room

R1‧‧‧Extending side room

R2‧‧‧Pressing side chamber

S‧‧‧Suspension device

Figure 1: Figure 1 is a side view showing a locomotive using the suspension device of this embodiment. FIG. 2: FIG. 2 is a front sectional view showing the entire suspension device of this embodiment. FIG. 3: FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an initial load adjustment device of this embodiment. FIG. 4: FIG. 4 (A) is a development view of the protruding portion and the cam portion of this embodiment, showing the state of the first stage. FIG. 4 (B) is a development view of the protruding portion and the cam portion of this embodiment, showing the state of the second stage. FIG. 4 (C) is a development view of the protruding portion and the cam portion of this embodiment, showing the state of the third stage. Figure 5: It is the X-X sectional view of Figure 2. FIG. 6: FIG. 6 is a front view showing the initial load adjustment device of this embodiment.

Claims (6)

A suspending device, is a suspending device, characterized by: outer tube; rod, which can be inserted into the outer tube movably in the axial direction; Push; ring-shaped spring bearing, which is rotatably provided on the outer periphery of any one of the outer tube or the rod, and supports one end of the suspension spring; ring-shaped restricting member on the outer tube or The outer periphery of any one of the aforementioned rods is mounted on the opposite side of the suspension spring of the aforementioned spring seat, restricting the movement of the aforementioned spring seat toward the opposite side of the suspension spring; a plurality of cam portions provided on the spring seat The restriction member side or the spring seat side of the restriction member has a plurality of abutment surfaces with different heights in the axial direction; a plurality of protrusions provided on the other of the spring seat or the restriction member, respectively It is arranged at a position corresponding to each cam portion and abuts on the abutment surface. The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the protruding portion has a shape conforming to the cam portion. The suspension device according to claim 1, further comprising: any one of the spring seat or the restricting member, and a cover that includes the protrusion and the cam. The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of abutting surfaces provided on the cam portions are arranged such that the height in the axial direction becomes higher step by step, and have a stopper, and the plurality of abutting surfaces When the contact surface side with the lowest height in the axial direction is taken as the starting end, and the contact surface side with the highest height in the axial direction is taken as the terminal, the stopper prevents the aforementioned protrusions from moving from the terminal toward the side opposite to the starting end, and It moves to a position that does not face the cam portions corresponding to the protrusions. The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the cam portion is provided on the spring seat, and the cam portion is inclined from the axial center side toward the outer peripheral side and toward the opposite side of the restricting member. The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the spring seat and the restricting member are formed of synthetic resin.