TWI785107B - Suspension - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention comprises: an annular spring seat (11), which is rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the outer tube (1) in the circumferential direction, and supports one end of the suspension spring (3); an annular limiting member (10), which The outer circumference of the tube (1) is installed on the opposite side of the suspension spring of the spring seat (11), limiting the movement of the spring seat (11) towards the opposite side of the suspension spring; a plurality of cam parts (22A), (22B), Set on the restricting member (10) side of the spring seat (11), it has a plurality of abutment surfaces (23), (24), (25) with different heights in the axial direction; a plurality of protrusions (17A), (17B ), are provided on the limiting member (10), are respectively arranged at positions corresponding to the respective cam portions (22A), (22B), and abut against the abutting surfaces (23), (24), (25).

Description

Suspension

The present invention relates to suspension devices.

A conventional suspension device is a member embedded between a vehicle body and a wheel of a locomotive, and has an outer tube; a rod inserted into the outer tube so as to be movable along the axial direction; A suspension spring that pushes the rod toward the direction of elongation.

In addition, JP2007-085378A discloses a suspension device, which includes: a spring bearing, which is provided with a cam portion, and the cam portion is rotatably installed in the circumferential direction on a cylindrical shape arranged on the outer periphery of the rod. The outer periphery of the cover supports one end of the suspension spring and has a plurality of cam surfaces of different heights on the opposite side of the suspension spring; the initial load adjustment device is formed by a limiting member with a Lateral protrusions.

According to this configuration, the initial load acting on the suspension spring can be adjusted by simply turning the spring holder so that the projection abuts against the cam surface of any height.

In addition, in the conventional suspension device, since the protrusion and the cam surface contact at one point, the spring force of the suspension spring concentrates on the contact part of the cam surface. For this reason, in order to secure the strength of the cam portion and the protrusion, the spring receiver and the restricting member are formed of metal having good strength such as iron, and the restricting member is welded and fixed to the cover.

Furthermore, if the spring holder and the restricting member are formed of iron or the like as conventionally, the weight of the spring holder and the restricting member will become heavy.

In addition, the aforementioned initial load adjustment device may also be provided on the outer periphery of the outer tube. Furthermore, in the case of conventionally welding and fixing the limiting member, in order not to cause welding distortion on the outer tube, as disclosed in JP2013-036520A, it is necessary to perform "inserting the protector clip between the outer tube" and so on. Countermeasures are quite time-consuming and troublesome.

In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a suspension device in which the spring holder and the restricting member can be formed of a material with lower strength and light weight than the conventional one, even if the restricting member is not welded.

The means for solving the aforementioned problems is characterized by comprising: a rod inserted into the outer tube so as to be movable in the axial direction; and a suspension spring provided on the outer periphery of the aforementioned outer tube to push the aforementioned rod toward the elongating direction; and a ring A spring seat in the shape of a ring can be rotatably arranged on the outer periphery of any one of the aforementioned outer tube or the aforementioned rod to support one end of the aforementioned suspension spring; and an annular limiting member is located between the aforementioned outer tube or the aforementioned rod The outer periphery of any one of them is installed on the opposite side of the suspension spring of the aforementioned spring seat, and restricts the movement of the aforementioned spring seat toward the opposite side of the suspension spring; and a plurality of cam parts are arranged on the aforementioned limiting member of the aforementioned spring seat. side, or the aforementioned spring bearing side of the aforementioned restricting member, has a plurality of abutting surfaces with different heights in the axial direction; It is at a position corresponding to each of the above-mentioned cam parts, and abuts against the above-mentioned abutting surface.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals indicated in the drawings indicate the same parts or corresponding parts.

The suspension device S is attached to the locomotive 100 as shown in FIG. 1 . The locomotive 100 includes: a body frame 101; front wheels 103 connected to the front of the body frame 101 in the direction of travel through the front fork 102;

Specifically, the vehicle body frame 101 is composed of the following components: a head pipe 110 located in the center of the vehicle in the vehicle width direction; a down frame 111 connected to the head pipe 110 and extending downward in the drawing; The lower end of 111 is the bottom frame 112 extending backward in the direction of travel; the rear frame 113 connected to the rear end of the bottom frame 112 . Then, the rear frame 113 supports the seat cushion 105 on which the driver sits.

The front fork 102 is composed of the following components: a fork body 120 whose lower end is connected to the axle of the front wheel 103 ; Next, at the upper end of the steering shaft 121, the grip 106 is supported.

Further, below the vehicle body frame 101 is provided a footrest 107 on which both feet of the driver seated on the seat cushion 105 can be placed during walking. In addition, a center cover 108 surrounding the down frame 111 , the bottom frame 112 , and the rear frame 113 is disposed at a central position in the vehicle width direction of the footboard 107 . In addition, a front cover 109 surrounding the head pipe 110 and the steering shaft 121 is disposed below the grip 106 .

In addition, the motorcycle 100 includes: an internal combustion engine that generates driving force, that is, an engine 130 ;

Next, the suspension device S is inserted between the "power transmission device 131 connected to the axle of the rear wheel 104" and the rear frame 113.

As shown in FIG. 2, the suspension device S includes: a shock absorber body D having an outer tube 1 and a rod 2 inserted into the outer tube 1 so as to be movable in the axial direction; and a suspension spring 3 provided on the outer periphery of the outer tube 1. , push the rod 2 toward the elongation direction; the initial load adjustment device 4 can adjust the initial load of the suspension spring 3 .

In detail, as shown in FIG. 2, the shock absorber body D is composed of the following components: a rod 2, which is inserted into the bottomed cylindrical outer tube 1 so as to be movable in the axial direction; a rod guide 5, which is installed on the outer tube The open end of 1 supports the rod 2; the free piston 6 is inserted into the inner circumference of the outer tube 1 to be able to slide freely, and divides the inside of the outer tube 1 into "a liquid chamber R filled with an operating fluid" and "a chamber R filled with a gas The air chamber G"; the piston 7 is located at the front end of the rod 2, and divides the liquid chamber R into two chambers of "extension side chamber R1" and "pressure side chamber R2".

In addition, the piston 7 is formed with an expansion-side passage 7 a and a contraction-side passage 7 b communicating the expansion-side chamber R1 and the contraction-side chamber R2 . In addition, the piston 7 is provided with an expansion side valve 9 stacked on the compression side chamber side of the piston 7 to resist the flow of the working fluid passing through the expansion side passage 7a; a compression side valve 8 stacked on the expansion side chamber side of the piston 7, Resistance is applied to the flow of the working fluid passing through the pressure-side passage 7b. In this way, once the shock absorber body D expands and contracts, when the working fluid moves from the compression-side chamber in the outer tube 1 to the expansion-side chamber through the extension-side passage 7a or the compression-side passage 7b, the extension-side valve 9 or the pressure-side passage 7b will move toward the expansion-side chamber. The resistance of the side valve 8 will act on the flow of the operating fluid to generate a damping force.

In addition, the air chamber G can be compensated by expanding or contracting due to the movement of the free piston 6 in the axial direction: the internal volume of the hydraulic cylinder is determined by the "volume that the rod expands and contracts with the expansion and contraction of the shock absorber body D". Induced changes, and volume changes in the operating fluid due to temperature changes.

In this embodiment, although the shock absorber body D is a single-tube type and the hydraulic cylinder is provided in the outer tube 1, it may be a double-tube type in which the piston 7 and the bottom valve are inserted into the hydraulic cylinder. In the case of forming a compound cylinder, the liquid storage cylinder formed between the outer tube 1 and the pressure cylinder is used to compensate the internal volume of the hydraulic cylinder due to the expansion and contraction of the rod accompanying the shock absorber body D. "The changes caused.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, at the opposite end of the rod side end of the outer tube 1, a vehicle body side bracket 35 that can be connected to the vehicle body side of the locomotive is provided, and at the opposite end of the piston side end of the rod 2, also That is, the base end is provided with a wheel side bracket 36 that can be connected to the wheel side of the locomotive. In this way, the shock absorber body D can connect the outer tube 1 to the vehicle body through the bracket 35 on the vehicle side, and can connect the rod 2 to the wheel through the bracket 36 on the wheel side, so that it can be embedded in the vehicle body in an inverted state. between the wheels. However, the outer tube 1 side of the shock absorber body D may be connected to the wheel, the rod 2 side may be connected to the vehicle body, and the shock absorber body D may be fitted upright between the vehicle body and the wheel.

In addition, an inserting member 38 to be fitted "between the bracket 35 on the vehicle body side" is provided at the end opposite to the rod-side end of the outer tube 1 . Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the part where the fitting member 38 is connected to the outer tube 1 becomes an annular flange portion 38a whose outer diameter is larger than the “outer diameter of the outer tube 1”. The flange portion 38a is axially From the perspective of , it protrudes outward.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2 , on the outer circumference of the end opposite to the rod side end of the outer tube 1 , an annular restricting member 10 and an annular upper spring seat 11 are sequentially stacked and attached to the collar portion 38a. Next, between the "annular lower spring seat 37 provided on the outer periphery of the rod 2" and the upper spring seat 11, a suspension spring that elastically supports the vehicle body and pushes the rod 2 in the direction of elongation is fitted. 3. In this way, for the suspension device S, the impact input from the road surface when the vehicle is running is absorbed by the suspension spring 3, and the damping force generated when the buffer body D expands and contracts suppresses the up and down vibration of the suspension spring 3, The riding feeling of the vehicle can be improved.

Next, the initial load adjustment device 4 will be described. The initial load adjusting device 4 is constituted by including the aforementioned upper spring receiver 11 and the restricting member 10 .

As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the upper side spring bearing 11 has: a cylindrical part 20, which is installed on the outer periphery of the outer tube 1, and can freely rotate in the circumferential direction and move freely in the axial direction; The outer periphery of the portion 20 is provided in the circumferential direction, and supports one end of the suspension spring 3 .

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, on the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 20, a plurality of ribs 41 extending in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 20 are provided in the circumferential direction, and the upper spring bearing is guided by these ribs 41. The axial direction of the seat 11 moves.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6 , the support portion 21 is constituted by a plurality of protrusions 21 a that are provided in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 20 and protrude outward from the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 20 . . In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 , the inner side of the protruding portion 21 a is formed with material stealing (meaning: reducing the amount of material), so that the material of the upper spring seat 11 can be reduced.

Although the support portion 21 is constituted by a plurality of protrusions 21a provided in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 20, for example, a flange may be provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 20, and the suspension spring 3 may be supported by the flange. one end.

In addition, a plurality of cam portions 22A, 22B are provided on the side opposite to the suspension spring of the cylindrical portion 20, that is, on the side end of the restricting member. Faces 23, 24, 25.

Specifically, two cam portions 22A, 22B are provided in the circumferential direction on the upper end of the cylindrical portion 20 in the drawing on the upper spring receiver 11 . In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 , the material thickness in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 20 is equal to the material thickness in the radial direction of the cam portions 22A, 22B provided at the upper end of the cylindrical portion 20 , and the material thickness is thicker. Furthermore, each of the cam portions 22A, 22B is provided with cam ridges 26, 27, 28, and the cam ridges 26, 27, 28 are provided in a counterclockwise direction (leftward direction in the drawing) according to the first cam ridge. 26. The order of the second cam ridges 27 higher in the axial direction than the first cam ridges 26 and the third cam ridges 28 higher in the axial direction than the second cam ridges 27 are arranged at equal intervals. Then, as shown in Fig. 4 (A) ~ (C), the first cam ridge 26 has: the first contact surface 23, which is an inclined surface connected to the adjacent third cam ridge 28; The locking surface 29 is an inclined surface connected to the adjacent second cam ridge 27 . In addition, the second cam ridge 27 has: the second abutting surface 24, which is an inclined surface connected to the adjacent first cam ridge 26, and has a higher height in the axial direction than the first abutting surface 23; The stop surface 30 is an inclined surface connected to the adjacent third cam ridge 28 . In addition, the third cam ridge 28 has: the third abutting surface 25, which is an inclined surface connected to the adjacent second cam ridge 27, and has a higher height in the axial direction than the second abutting surface 24; The stop surface 31 is an inclined surface connected to the adjacent first cam ridge 26 .

In addition, as shown in FIGS. 4 (A) to (C), the inclination angles of the contact surfaces 23, 24, 25 of the cam ridges 26, 27, 28 are set to be completely equal.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the restricting member 10 includes: an annular base 12, which is mounted on the outer periphery of the outer tube 1 so as to be freely rotatable in the circumferential direction; The lower ends in the drawing of 12 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, respectively arranged at positions corresponding to the respective cam portions 22A, 22B, and abut against the abutting surfaces 23 , 24 , 25 .

Specifically, the restricting member 10 is provided with two protrusions 17A, 17B in the circumferential direction at the lower end of the annular base 12 in the drawing. In addition, the material thickness in the radial direction of the protrusions 17A, 17B is set larger than the material thickness in the radial direction of the cam portions 22A, 22B. In addition, in each protrusion part 17A, 17B, the 1st protrusion 13, the 2nd protrusion 14, and the 3rd protrusion 15 are provided in the counterclockwise direction (left direction in drawing). Next, the inclination angle of the first protrusion 13 adjacent to the third protrusion 15 side is set to be the same as the inclination angle of the third locking surface 31, and the inclination angle of the first protrusion 13 adjacent to the second protrusion 14 side is set to The angle of inclination of the first abutting surface 23 is the same. In addition, the inclination angle of the second protrusion 14 on the side adjacent to the first protrusion 13 is set to be the same as the inclination angle of the first locking surface 29, and the inclination angle of the second protrusion 14 on the side adjacent to the third protrusion 15 is set to The angle of inclination of the second abutting surface 24 is the same. In addition, the inclination angle of the third protrusion 15 adjacent to the second protrusion 14 is set to be the same as the inclination angle of the second locking surface 30, and the inclination angle of the third protrusion 15 adjacent to the first protrusion 13 is set to be It is the same as the inclination angle of the third abutting surface 25 .

In this way, the protruding portions 17A, 17B provided on the restricting member 10 are shaped to match the respective cam portions 22A, 22B, as shown in FIG. 4(A).

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 , the restricting member 10 includes a cylindrical cover 16 extending from the outer periphery of the annular base 12 toward the upper spring seat side. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, on the outer periphery of the cover 16, a plurality of "protruding parts 21a provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder part 20" are provided in the circumferential direction with a plurality of "along the cover 16" at the same intervals. The protruding portion 40" extending in the axial direction of the

Next, the operation of the initial load adjusting device 4 of this embodiment will be described. The initial load adjusting device 4 forms an initial load that can adjust the suspension spring 3 in three stages. In the first stage where the initial load of the suspension spring 3 is minimized, as shown in FIG. The second protrusions 14 , 14 abut against the respective second abutting surfaces 24 , 24 , and the respective third protrusions 15 , 15 abut against the respective third abutting surfaces 25 , 25 .

At this time, the upper side spring seat 11 having the cam portions 22A, 22B is elastically pushed toward the restricting member 10 side by the suspension spring 3, because each abutment surface 23, 24, 25 and each protrusion 13, 14, 15 form an inclined surface. The abutment is formed, and thus a force for relatively rotating the upper spring receiver 11 and the restricting member 10 acts. However, even if the upper side spring seat 11 and the limiting member 10 are about to form a relative rotation, since each protrusion 13, 14, 15 abuts on each locking surface 29, 30, 31, the upper side spring bearing 11 and the limiting member 10 are prevented from moving. relative rotation.

In the second stage in which the initial load of the suspension spring 3 is one grade higher than that of the first stage, the upper spring seat 11 is rotated so that the abutment surfaces 23, 24, 25 of the protrusions 13, 14, 15 are abutted one by one. Moves in the counterclockwise direction (to the left in the drawing). Once this happens, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), each first protrusion 13, 13 abuts on each second abutting surface 24, 24 respectively, and each second protrusion 14, 14 abuts on each third abutting surface respectively. Face 25, 25. In this way, due to the difference in axial height between the first abutting surface 23 and the second abutting surface 24, the upper spring bearing 11 moves downward in FIG. The initial load of the suspension spring 3 between the lower spring receiver 37 becomes one level larger.

At this time, since the protrusions 13 , 14 are in contact with the locking surfaces 29 , 30 , relative rotation between the upper spring receiver 11 and the restricting member 10 is prevented.

In the third stage in which the initial load of the suspension spring 3 is one grade higher than that in the second stage, the upper spring receiver 11 is further rotated than in the second stage, so that the contact surfaces 24 of the protrusions 13 and 14 abut against each other. , 25, move in the counterclockwise direction (left direction in the drawing) one by one. Once this is done, as shown in FIG. 4(C), each of the first protrusions 13, 13 abuts on each of the third abutting surfaces 25, 25, respectively. In this way, due to the difference in axial height between the second abutment surface 24 and the third abutment surface 25, the upper spring seat 11 moves further downward in FIG. 2 , so the initial suspension spring 3 The load becomes larger than in the second stage.

At this time, since the respective first projections 13 , 13 abut against the respective second locking surfaces 30 , 30 , the relative rotation between the upper spring receiver 11 and the restricting member 10 is prevented.

When the initial load of the suspension spring 3 is set to be small, it is only necessary to turn the upper spring holder 11 in the opposite direction to "when the initial load of the suspension spring 3 is set to be large".

In this way, the initial load adjustment device 4 can adjust the suspension spring 3 as long as the protrusions 13, 14, 15 are abutted against any abutment surfaces 23, 24, 25 by rotating the upper spring seat 11. The size of the initial payload.

In addition, as previously mentioned, in the first stage of the initial load adjusting device 4, each first protrusion 13, 13; each second protrusion 14, 14; each third protrusion 15, 15 abuts against each first protrusion, respectively. abutting surfaces 23, 23; each second abutting surface 24, 24; each third abutting surface 25, 25. Therefore, in the first stage of the initial load adjusting device 4, as shown in FIG. 4(A), the restricting member 10 is in full contact with the upper spring receiver 11 over the entire circumference.

Then, in the second stage of the initial load adjustment device 4, since each first protrusion 13, 13; each second protrusion 14, 14 abuts on each first abutting surface 23, 23; each second abutting surface 24, 24, therefore, the restricting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11 are in contact at four places as shown in FIG. 4(B).

Further, in the third stage of the initial load adjusting device 4, since the first protrusions 13, 13 abut on the first abutting surfaces 23, 23, the restricting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11, as in the first As shown in Figure 4 (C), contact is formed at two locations.

Therefore, in the initial load adjusting device 4 , the restricting member 10 and the upper spring receiver 11 are always in contact at two or more locations.

In this way, in the initial load adjustment device 4, since the restricting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11 are always in contact at two or more locations, compared with the conventional case of contacting at one point, the restricting member can The contact area between 10 and the upper spring seat 11 becomes larger. In addition, since the restricting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11 are always in contact at two or more locations, even if the upper spring seat 11 is pressed by the suspension spring 3 , it is less prone to inclination and stable than conventional ones.

In addition, in this embodiment, since the material thickness in the radial direction of the cam portions 22A, 22B and the protrusions 17A, 17B is thicker, a larger “contact area between the restricting member 10 and the upper spring receiver 11” can be ensured. , to further reduce the pressure acting on the limiting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11 .

Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the inclination angles of the contact surfaces 23, 24, 25 are equal to the inclination angles of the sides where the protrusions 13, 14, 15 contact the contact surfaces 23, 24, 25, Therefore, the contact surfaces 23, 24, 25 and the protrusions 13, 14, 15 are in surface contact rather than point contact, and a larger "contact area between the limiting member 10 and the upper spring seat 11" can be ensured.

In addition, since the inclination angles of the abutting surfaces 23, 24, 25 are equal to each other, even if the upper spring holder 11 is rotated to change the abutting surfaces 23, 24, 25 on which the protrusions 13, 14, 15 abut, each protrusion will 13 , 14 , 15 are still in surface contact with the abutment surfaces 23 , 24 , 25 .

Therefore, in this embodiment, the pressure acting on the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 by the spring force of the suspension spring 3 can be further reduced compared with the conventional one. In this way, the upper spring receiver 11 and the restricting member 10 can be formed even with a material that is lower in strength and lighter in weight than conventional materials, so that the selectivity of materials is improved. The strength of the material forming the upper side spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 is at least in the case where the contact area is the smallest, that is, in this embodiment, it is enough to ensure the following strength: it can withstand "the initial load adjusting device 4 is set to the first The maximum pressure applied in the case of three stages".

In addition, in this embodiment, since it is not necessary to weld and fix the upper side spring holder 11 and the restricting member 10 to the outer periphery of the outer tube 1, it is possible to omit not only the steps of welding, but also the steps for preventing "out-of-placement". The protector for welding distortion of tube 1 can reduce the number of parts.

Although there are three cam ridges 26, 27, 28 in each cam portion 22A, 22B, the number of cam ridges is not limited to three, as long as the initial load of the suspension spring 3 is adjusted according to the The number of segments" can be set to any number.

In addition, the heights in the axial direction of the first cam ridges 26, 26, the second cam ridges 27, 27, and the third cam ridges 28, 28 respectively provided on the cam portions 22A, 22B can also be formed to be different from each other. . In this case, it is only necessary to set the height in the axial direction of each protrusion 13, 14, 15 of each protrusion 17A, 17B to "the fitting height of the cam part 22A and the protrusion 17A", "the height of the cam part 22B and the protrusion". Fitting height of 17B" should be the same height.

In addition, although in the present embodiment, two cam portions 22A, 22B are provided on the upper spring receiver 11, the number of cam portions is not limited to two, and three or more cam portions may be provided.

In addition, a plurality of cam portions may be arranged at arbitrary positions in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical portion 20 . In addition, a plurality of cam portions may be provided at intervals.

However, if the number of cams is increased or a portion without a cam is provided, the circumference of each cam will be shortened, and the inclination angle of each cam ridge 26, 27, 28 will become sharp. In this case, when the upper spring receiver 11 is turned, the resistance against the protrusions 13, 14, 15 becomes larger, so that the operability of the initial load adjusting device 4 decreases. Therefore, if the number of the cam portions 22A, 22B is two as in the present embodiment, and the cam portions 22A, 22B are provided continuously without gaps, since the inclination angles of the respective cam ridges 26, 27, 28 can be relaxed, the The operability of the initial load adjusting device 4 is good.

In addition, in this embodiment, although each protrusion part 17A, 17B is formed in the shape corresponding to each cam part 22A, 22B, as long as it is arrange|positioned at the position corresponding to each cam part 22A, 22B, it is provided in the protrusion part 17A, 22B. The number and shape of the protrusions 17B are not particularly limited, as long as at least one protrusion is provided on each corresponding cam portion.

In addition, although in this embodiment, although the protrusions 17A, 17B are respectively provided on the restricting member 10, and the cam parts 22A, 22B are provided on the upper spring receiver 11, the protrusions 17A, 17B may be provided on the upper spring. In the socket 11 , the cam portions 22A and 22B are provided on the restricting member 10 .

In addition, in this embodiment, the upper spring receiver 11 and the restricting member 10 are formed of synthetic resin. In this way, once the upper spring receiver 11 and the restricting member 10 are formed of synthetic resin, the weight of the upper spring receiver 11 and the restricting member 10 can be reduced compared with the case where the upper spring receiver 11 and the restricting member 10 are formed of metal such as iron, and the upper spring Forming of the socket 11 and the restricting member 10 becomes easy.

In addition, in the case where the same number of cam ridges 26, 27, 28 are provided on the cylindrical portion 20 of the upper spring seat 11, the longer the circumference of the cylindrical portion 20, the smaller one of the cam ridges 26, 27, 28 can be. The angle of inclination of each abutting surface 23, 24, 25. Here, since the upper spring holder 11 is formed of a lightweight and easily molded synthetic resin, even if the circumference of the cylindrical portion 20 is extended, the material thickness in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 20 is increased and the outer diameter is increased. , compared to the case of metal, it will not become heavier.

Therefore, in the case where the upper spring receiver 11 is formed of synthetic resin, the operability of the initial load adjusting device 4 can be improved by thickening the material thickness in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 20 to form a larger outer diameter.

The type of synthetic resin is not particularly limited, but when the spring force of the suspension spring 3 is set to be very large, and the pressure acting on the upper spring receiver 11 and the restricting member 10 becomes very large, Reinforced resin with glass fiber or the like added as a reinforcing material can also be selected.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 , a cover 16 enclosing the protrusions 17A, 17B and the cams 22A, 22B is provided on the outer periphery of the annular base 12 of the restricting member 10 . This prevents foreign matter from being caught between the cam portions 22A, 22B and the protrusions 17A, 17B. The length in the axial direction of the cover 16 may be as long as it can cover the cam parts 22A, 22B at least when the initial load adjusting device 4 is set to "the third stage where the initial load of the suspension spring 3 becomes the highest". Can.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 3 , the cam ridges 26 , 27 , 28 and the contact surfaces 23 , 24 , 25 of the cam portions 22A, 22B are formed from the axial center side toward the outer peripheral side, and toward the side opposite to the restricting member. tilt. In this way, even if the cover 16 cannot completely prevent foreign matter from being caught between the cam portions 22A, 22B and the protrusions 17A, 17B, it is easy to be naturally discharged to the outside by the aforementioned inclination.

In addition, the initial load adjustment device 4 is provided with a stopper, and the stopper restricts the protrusions 13, 14, 15 from the abutment surface with the highest height in the axial direction, that is, the third abutment surface 25, toward the "axis." The movement in the opposite direction to the side of the second abutting surface 24 whose height is one step lower than the third abutting surface 25.

In addition, a stopper is provided on the initial load adjustment device 4, and the first abutting surface 23 side with the lowest height in the axial direction among the plurality of abutting surfaces 23, 24, 25 is used as the starting end, and the third side with the highest axial height is used as the starting end. In the case where the side of the abutment surface 25 is used as the terminal end, the stopper prevents the following situation: each protrusion 17A, 17B moves from the terminal end toward the opposite side of the start end, and moves to the position corresponding to each protrusion 17A, 17B. The respective cam portions 22A, 22B″ are not formed at positions facing each other.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the aforementioned stopper is composed of the following: a pair of inner peripheral protrusions 50, 50 are respectively arranged on the inner circumference of the cover 16 of the limiting member 10 at positions opposite to each other; A pair of outer peripheral protrusions 51 , 51 are respectively provided at positions opposite to each other by 180 degrees on the outer periphery of the upper spring holder 11 . Next, each inner peripheral protrusion 50, 50 is provided at a position corresponding to each first protrusion 13, 13, and each outer peripheral protrusion 51, 51 is respectively provided at a position corresponding to each third cam ridge 28, 28. . In this way, even if the protrusions 17A, 17B are moved to the left in the drawing from the state shown in the third stage in FIG. 4 (C), each inner peripheral protrusion 50, 50 and each outer peripheral protrusion 51, 51 will respectively abut to stop the rotation. Therefore, once such a stopper is provided, the first protrusion 13 cannot suddenly move from the third abutting surface 25 having the highest axial height to the first abutting surface 23 having the lowest axial height, thereby preventing the upper side from springing. The socket 11 is pressed by the suspension spring 3 so that the cam portions 22A, 22B collide with the protruding portions 17A, 17B violently.

The structure of the stopper is not limited to the structure of the present embodiment, as long as it is a mechanism that can prevent the movement of each protrusion 17A, 17B from the terminal end toward the opposite side of the start end, and move to the position corresponding to each protrusion. The respective cam portions 22A, 22B″ of 17A, 17B are not formed at opposing positions.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of protruding portions 40 provided at the same intervals in the circumferential direction on the outer periphery of the cover 16 and a plurality of protruding portions 21a provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 20 can be regarded as “ The grip (grip) that can be held by human hands works. In this way, the upper spring seat 11 and the restricting member 10 are turned by holding the handle by hand. The aforementioned handle is not limited to the shape of this embodiment as long as it can be grasped by human hands.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, on the outer circumference of the upper side spring receiver 11 in this embodiment, numbers 1 to 3 are described at equal intervals every half circle. In addition, on each of the protrusions 40 of the cover 16, a pair of protrusions 40, 40 facing each other have marks 60 written thereon.

Then, the aforementioned numbers and marks 60 are described in: corresponding to the numbers facing the marks 60 , the positions where the initial load adjustment device 4 is switched from the first stage to the third stage. In this way, the initial load adjustment device 4 of this embodiment can easily perform the initial load adjustment work.

In addition, in the suspension device S of the present embodiment, the initial load adjusting device 4 is provided on the outer periphery of the outer tube 1 , but may be provided on the outer periphery of the rod 2 .

Although in the first figure, the suspension device S is used as a rear shock absorber embedded between the rear wheel 104 of the locomotive 100 and the vehicle body frame 101, it can also be used to be embedded between the front wheel 103 and the vehicle body frame. 101 between front forks 102 .

Above, although the best embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, it is of course possible to have modification, deformation and change as long as they do not deviate from the scope of the patent application.

This application claims its priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-184626 filed with the Japan Patent Office (JPO) on September 26, 2017. The description of this application is written with reference to the content disclosed in the priority application.

1‧‧‧outer tube 2‧‧‧rod 3‧‧‧suspension spring 4‧‧‧initial load adjustment device 5‧‧‧rod guide 6‧‧‧free piston 7‧‧‧piston 7a‧‧‧extension side Passage 7b‧‧‧pressure side passage 8‧‧‧pressure side valve 9‧‧‧expansion side valve 10‧‧‧limiting member 11‧‧‧upper spring seat 12‧‧‧annular base 13‧‧‧first protrusion 14‧‧‧second protrusion 15‧‧‧third protrusion 16‧‧‧cover 17A, 17B‧‧‧protruding part 20‧‧‧tube part 21‧‧‧supporting part 21a‧‧‧protruding part 22A, 22B‧‧ ‧Cam parts 23, 24, 25 Surface 35‧‧‧Car body side bracket 36‧‧‧Wheel side bracket 37‧‧‧Lower side spring seat 38‧‧‧Embedding member 38a‧‧‧Engage part 40‧‧‧Protruding part 41‧‧ ‧Rib 50‧‧‧Inner peripheral protrusion 51‧‧‧Outer peripheral protrusion 60‧‧‧Logo 100‧‧‧Motorcycle 101‧‧‧Car body frame 102‧‧‧Fork 103‧‧‧Front wheel 104‧‧‧Rear Wheel 105‧‧‧Seat Cushion 106‧‧‧Grip 107‧‧‧Pedal 108‧‧‧Central Cover 109‧‧‧Front Cover 110‧‧‧Head Tube 111‧‧‧Dropping Frame 112‧‧‧Bottom Frame 113‧‧‧Rear frame 120‧‧‧Fork body 121‧‧‧Steering shaft 130‧‧‧Engine 131‧‧‧Power transmission device D‧‧‧Buffer body G‧‧‧Air chamber R‧‧‧Fluid chamber R1 ‧‧‧Extension side chamber R2‧‧‧Press side chamber S‧‧‧Suspension device

Fig. 1: Fig. 1 is a side view showing a locomotive employing the suspension device of this embodiment. Fig. 2: Fig. 2 is a front sectional view showing the whole suspension device of this embodiment. Fig. 3: Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an initial load adjusting device of this embodiment. Figure 4: Figure 4 (A) is an expanded view of the protruding part and the cam part of this embodiment, showing the state of the first stage. Fig. 4 (B) is an expanded view of the protruding portion and the cam portion of the present embodiment, showing the state of the second stage. Figure 4 (C) is an expanded view of the protruding portion and the cam portion of the present embodiment, showing the state of the third stage. Figure 5: X-X section view of Figure 2. Figure 6: Figure 6 is a front view showing the initial load adjusting device of this embodiment.

4‧‧‧Initial load adjustment device

10‧‧‧Restricted components

11‧‧‧Spring seat

12‧‧‧ring base

13‧‧‧The first protrusion

15‧‧‧The third protrusion

16‧‧‧cover

17A, 17B‧‧‧protruding part

20‧‧‧barrel

21‧‧‧supporting part

21a‧‧‧Protrusion

22A, 22B‧‧‧Cam part

23, 24, 25‧‧‧First~third contact surface

26, 27, 28‧‧‧First~third cam ridges

29, 31‧‧‧First and third locking surfaces

40‧‧‧Protruding part

41‧‧‧rib

Claims (5)

A suspension device, characterized by comprising: an outer tube; a rod that can be inserted into the aforementioned outer tube so as to move axially; a suspension spring that is arranged on the outer periphery of the aforementioned outer tube to spring and push the aforementioned rod toward an elongating direction; a ring-shaped The spring seat is rotatably arranged on the outer circumference of any one of the aforementioned outer tube or the aforementioned rod, and supports one end of the aforementioned suspension spring; The outer periphery of one is installed on the opposite side of the suspension spring of the aforementioned spring bearing, and restricts the movement of the aforementioned spring bearing towards the opposite side of the suspension spring; a plurality of cam parts are arranged on the aforementioned restricting member side of the aforementioned spring bearing, Or the aforementioned spring bearing seat side of the aforementioned restricting member has a plurality of abutting surfaces with different heights in the axial direction; a plurality of protrusions are arranged on the other of the aforementioned spring bearing or the aforementioned restricting member, and are respectively arranged on the same side as the aforementioned respective ones. The position corresponding to the cam portion has a plurality of protrusions that can abut against the aforesaid abutment surface, the aforementioned cam portion and the aforementioned protruding portion form a shape conforming to each other, and the aforementioned restricting member and the aforementioned spring seat are often composed of two or more The parts are in contact. The suspension device according to claim 1, further comprising: a cover provided on any one of the spring receiver or the restricting member and enclosing the protrusion and the cam. The suspension device as described in claim 1, wherein the plurality of abutment surfaces provided on each of the aforementioned cam parts are arranged so that the height in the axial direction becomes higher step by step, and there are stoppers, and the plurality of abutment surfaces are arranged When the abutment surface side with the lowest height in the axial direction is used as the start end, and the abutment surface side with the highest axial height is used as the terminal end, the stopper prevents the protrusions from moving from the terminal end toward the side opposite to the start end, and Move to a position that does not face each of the aforementioned cam portions corresponding to each of the aforementioned protrusions. The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the cam portion is provided on the spring seat, and the cam portion is inclined from the axial center side toward the outer peripheral side and toward the opposite side of the restricting member. The suspension device according to claim 1, wherein the spring receiver and the restricting member are formed of synthetic resin.

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