TW201906807A - 使用4-([1,1’:3’,1’’-聯三苯]-2’-基氧基)-S-二萘并[2,1-d:1’,2’-f][1,3,2]二磷呯(dioxaphosphepine)將環辛二烯氫甲醯化之方法 - Google Patents

使用4-([1,1’:3’,1’’-聯三苯]-2’-基氧基)-S-二萘并[2,1-d:1’,2’-f][1,3,2]二磷呯(dioxaphosphepine)將環辛二烯氫甲醯化之方法 Download PDF

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TW201906807A
TW201906807A TW107112138A TW107112138A TW201906807A TW 201906807 A TW201906807 A TW 201906807A TW 107112138 A TW107112138 A TW 107112138A TW 107112138 A TW107112138 A TW 107112138A TW 201906807 A TW201906807 A TW 201906807A
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cyclooctadiene
dinaphtho
yloxy
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凱崔 達貝拉
羅柏特 法蘭克
德克 佛瑞達格
迪特爾 赫斯
戴特雷夫 瑟倫特
亞敏 柏納
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德商贏創德固賽有限責任公司
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Abstract

使用4-([1,1':3',1"-聯三苯]-2'-基氧基)-S-二萘并[2,1-d:1',2'-f][1,3,2]二

Description

使用4-(〔1,1’:3’,1”-聯三苯〕-2’-基氧基)-S-二萘并〔2,1-d:1’,2’-f〕〔1,3,2〕二 磷呯(dioxaphosphepine)將環辛二烯氫甲醯化之方法
本發明係關於使用4-([1,1':3',1"-聯三苯]-2'-基氧基)-S-二萘并[2,1-d:1',2'-f][1,3,2]二磷呯將環辛二烯(COD)氫甲醯化之方法。
含磷化合物,作為配體,對很多反應起到至關重要的作用。該等化合物包含用於氫化、氫氰化以及尤其是氫甲醯化的亞磷酸酯配體,即包含P-O鍵的化合物。
在觸媒的存在下,烯烴化合物、一氧化碳和氫之間的反應產生具有一個碳原子或更多的醛被稱為氫甲 醯化或羰氧化法。在此等反應中,元素週期表VIII族過渡金屬的化合物經常被用作為觸媒。已知的配體為,例如,來自各自具有三價磷PIII的膦類、亞磷酸酯類及亞膦酸酯類之類別的化合物。烯烴類之氫甲醯化狀態的良好概述發現於R.Franke、D.Selent、A.Börner,"Applied Hydroformylation",Chem.Rev.,2012,DOI:10.1021/cr3001803。
本發明之目的係提供將環辛二烯氫甲醯化之方法,該方法提供良好的環辛二烯之轉化率。
該目的係藉由根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法達到。
將環辛二烯氫甲醯化之方法,其包含下列方法步驟:a)最初進料環辛二烯;b)加入錯合物,其包含:-選自:Rh、Ru、Co、Ir之金屬原子,及-具有結構(1)之配體: 或加入前驅物錯合物,其包含選自:Rh、Ru、Co、Ir之金屬原子,及具有結構(1)之化合物:
c)饋入H2和CO,d)加熱該反應混合物,其中該環辛二烯被轉化為醛。
此處,方法步驟a)至d)可以任何所欲順序進行。
在該方法的一個變型中,金屬原子為Rh。
在該方法的一個變型中,前驅物錯合物包含環辛二烯。
在該方法的一個變型中,前驅物錯合物為[(acac)Rh(COD)]。在此例中,“acac”為乙醯丙酮陰離子 (acetylacetonate anion)及“COD”為環辛二烯。
在該方法的一個變型中,於方法步驟d)中,該反應混合物係加熱至範圍在50℃至70℃的溫度。
在下文中,通過工作實例詳細闡明本發明。
分析 層析法
經由急速層析法之製備型液相層析分離係在來自Macherey-Nagel GmbH & Co,Düren的60M矽膠(0.040-0.063mm)上以1.6巴的最大壓力進行。不加壓分離係在來自Merck KGaA,Darmstadt的Geduran Si 60矽膠(0.063-0.200mm)上進行。用作溶析液的溶劑(乙酸乙酯(工業級)、環己烷(工業級))已在旋轉蒸發器上預先經由蒸餾純化。
關於薄膜層析法(TLC),使用來自Merck KGaA,Darmstadt的現成PSC矽膠60 F254板。Rf值係以所使用溶析液混合物的函數報告。使用鈰/鉬磷酸溶液作為浸漬試劑將TLC板著色。鈰/鉬磷酸試劑:5.6g的鉬磷酸、2.2g的硫酸鈰(IV)四水合物及13.3g的濃縮硫酸於200ml水中。
氣相層析法(GC/GCMS)
藉助於來自日本Shimadzu的GC-2010氣相層析儀進行對產物混合物及純物質的氣相層析研究(GC)。分析係在來自美國Agilent Technologies的HP-5石英毛細管柱上進行(長度:30m;內徑:0.25mm;共價結合之固定相的膜厚度:0.25μm;載體氣體:氫;注射器溫度:250℃;偵檢器溫度:310℃;程序:"硬"方法:起始溫度50℃經1min、加熱速率:15℃/min、最終溫度290℃經8min)。產物混合物及純物質的氣相層析-質譜分析(GCMS)係藉助於GC-2010氣相層析儀結合GCMS-QP2010質量偵檢器(來自日本Shimadzu)記錄。分析係在來自美國Agilent Technologies的HP-1石英毛細管柱上進行(長度:30m;內徑:0.25mm;共價結合之固定相的膜厚度:0.25μm;載體氣體:氫;注射器溫度:250℃;偵檢器溫度:310℃;程序:"硬"方法:起始溫度50℃經1min、加熱速率:15℃/min、最終溫度290℃經8min;GCMS:離子源溫度:200℃)。
熔點
熔點係藉助於來自HW5,Mainz的SG 2000熔點測定儀測量,且未經校正。
元素分析
元素分析係在Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz有機化學系的分析部門,在來自Foss-Heraeus,Hanau的Vario EL Cube上進行。
質譜法
所有電灑游離分析(ESI+)係在來自Waters Micromasses,Milford,Massachusetts的QTof Ultima 3上進行。EI質譜及高解析度EI光譜係在來自ThermoFinnigan,Bremen之MAT 95 XL扇形場儀器型的儀器上分析。
NMR光譜法
NMR光譜研究係在來自Bruker,Analytische Messtechnik,Karlsruhe的AC 300或AV II 400型多核共振光譜儀上進行。所用之溶劑為CDCl3。1H及13C光譜係使用來自美國Cambridge Isotopes Laboratories的NMR溶劑數據圖表根據未氘化溶劑殘留量校正。一些1H及13C信號係藉助於H,H-COSY、H,H-NOESY、H,C-HSQC及H,C-HMBC光譜指定。化學位移係以ppm表示的δ值報告。關於NMR信號的多重性,使用下列縮寫:s(單峰)、bs(寬單峰)、d(雙重峰)、t(三重峰)、q(四重峰)、m(多重峰)、dd(雙重峰之雙重峰)、dt(三重峰之雙重峰)、tq(四重峰之三重峰)。所有偶合常數J係以赫茲(Hz)與所涵蓋的鍵結數一起報告。在信號指定中所給予的編號係對應於化學式圖表中所顯示的編號,其無須對應於IUPAC命名。
一般程序規範
所有製備程序均以氬氣作為保護氣體運用Schlenk技術進行。甲苯及四氫呋喃使用Pure Solv MD-7 System純化並在使用前於氬氣下儲存。三乙胺在使用前於氬氣下從羰自由基鈉(sodium ketyl)蒸餾。三氯化磷(Aldrich)在使用前於氬氣下蒸餾。所有製備程序均在烘乾容器(baked-out vessel)中進行。核共振光譜之記錄係在Bruker Avance 300或Bruker Avance 400上進行,氣相層析分析係在Agilent GC 7890A上進行,元素分析係在Leco TruSpec CHNS和Varian ICP-OES 715上進行,以及ESI-TOF質譜法係在Thermo Electron Finnigan MAT 95-XP和Agilent 6890 N/5973儀器上進行,半自動管柱層析法係在Teledyne Isco Combiflash Rf+上進行。
合成 a)(蒽-9-基氧基)二氯磷烷(前驅物)
於10℃在90min內將蒽酮(2.03g;10.44mmol)和三乙胺(2ml)於THF(80ml)中之混合物逐滴加入到攪拌著的PCl3(5.16g;37.6mmol)於THF(25ml)中之溶液 中。在靜置過夜後,將混合物過濾,濾液於減壓下濃縮至乾燥並將所得殘餘物吸收於甲苯(50ml)中。將混合物再次過濾,於減壓下移除溶劑然後將黃色殘餘物在50℃/0.1毫巴下乾燥。隨後,將所得固體與己烷(30ml)在室溫下攪拌過夜。將混合物過濾然後將濾餅再次以己烷(3×20ml)清洗並乾燥。產率:2.27g(73%)。31P-NMR(CD2Cl2):202.5(s)ppm。
b)4-([1,1':3',1"-聯三苯]-2'-基氧基)- S-二萘并[2,1- d:1',2'- f][1,3,2]二 磷呯(配體 1)
在-20℃攪拌下,在2,6-二苯基苯酚(0.568g;2.30mmol)於THF(7ml)中之溶液中加入0.32M之正丁基鋰於庚烷(7.2ml;2.30mmol)中的溶液。攪拌該混合物20min,使其回到室溫並將所產生的溶液於攪拌下逐滴加到冷卻至-20℃的4-氯-S-二萘并[2,1-d:1',2'-f][1,3,2]二磷呯(0.849g;2.42mmol)於THF(8ml)中之溶液中。將混合物在-20℃攪拌20min並隨後在室溫下攪拌過夜。於減壓下移除溶劑,將殘餘物吸收於甲苯(14ml)中,過濾,濃縮 至乾燥然後將所得固體在50℃/0.1毫巴下乾燥1h。在移除溶劑並在50℃/0.1毫巴下乾燥3h後,經由管柱層析法後處理(己烷/甲苯,梯度己烷100→0%;關於1:2之流動相之混合物的R f =0.6)得到1.066g(1.90mmol;82%)。元素分析(計算C38H25O3P=560.586g/mol):C 81.30(81.42);H 4.71(4.49);P 5.56(5.53)%。ESI-TOF/HRMS:m/e 561.16060(M+H)+
31P-NMR(CD2Cl2):146.4(s)ppm。
1H-NMR(CD2Cl2):5.97(d,J HH=8.8Hz,1H);6.86(d,J HH=8.8Hz,1H);7.22-7.32(m,4H);7.34-7.39(m,1H);7.42-7.50(m,4H);7.54-7.64(m,10H);7.71(d,J HH=8.8Hz,1H);7.88-7.98(m,3H)ppm。
13C-NMR(CD2Cl2):121.9;122.2;122.4;124.6;125.1;125.2;125.5;126.4;126.6;127.0;127.1;127.);128.6;128.7;128.9;129.2;129.4;130.1;130.6;131.0;131.2;131.4;131.9;132.5;132.9;136.4;138.8;146.4(d,J CP=8.3Hz);147.0;148.2(d,J CP=4.8Hz)ppm。
c)4-(蒽-9-基氧基)- S-二萘并[2,1- d:1',2'- f][1,3,2]二 磷呯(配體 2)
在-20℃攪拌下,在蒽酮(0.447g;2.30mmol)於THF(5ml)中之懸浮液中逐滴加入0.32M之正丁基鋰於庚烷(7.2ml;2.30mmol)中的溶液。使混合物回到室溫,然後在攪拌下逐滴加入4-氯-S-二萘并[2,1-d:1',2'-f][1,3,2]二磷呯(0.807g;2.30mmol)於THF(6ml)中之溶液。將混合物攪拌過夜然後過濾。於減壓下移除濾液之揮發性組分,將所產生的黃色固體吸收於甲苯(10ml)中,通過塗覆有矽膠之G4玻料過濾然後於減壓下將濾液濃縮。將所產生的固體在50℃/0.1毫巴下乾燥3h。經由管柱層析法後處理(己烷/CH2Cl2,梯度己烷100→0%;關於1:1之流動相之混合物的R f =0.5)得到0.55g(1.08mmol;47%)之純產物。元素分析(計算C34H21O3P=508.511g/mol):C 80.80(80.31);H 3.89(4.16);P 6.02(6.09)%。ESI-TOF/HRMS:m/e 509.12979(M+H)+
31P-NMR(CD2Cl2):149.7(s)ppm。
1H-NMR(CD2Cl2):7.37-7.42(m,2H);7.51-7.65(m,9H);7.87(d,J HH=8.9Hz,1H);8.02-8.14(m, 6H);8.40(s,1H);8.57(d,J HH=8.9Hz,2H)ppm。
13C-NMR(CD2Cl2):122.1;122.4;123.0;123.6;123.8;124.7;125.0;125.7;126.1;126.5;127.0;127.3;128.6;128.9;130.6;131.1;131.9;132.3;132.6;133.1;133.4;143.5(d,J CP=6.1Hz);147.4(d,J CP=2.7Hz);148.3(d,J CP=5.2Hz)ppm。
d)2-([1,1':3',1"-聯三苯]-2'-基氧基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二 (dioxaphospholane)(配體 3)
所需2,6-二苯基苯-1-氧基二氯膦係如W.Maringgele、A.Meller,Phosphorus,Sulfur and Silicon 199490,235-241中所描述的製備。
在0℃攪拌下,在2,6-二苯基苯-1-氧基二氯膦(1.048g;3.018mmol)於甲苯(18ml)中之溶液中逐滴加入(0.3405g;2.881mmol)和三乙胺(3.65ml)於甲苯(12ml)中之混合物。使混合物回到室溫,攪拌過夜並過濾。濃縮濾液並將所產生的殘餘物從熱庚烷中結晶多次。產率:0.295g(0.752mmol;26%)。元素分析(計算C24H25O3P=392.41g/mol):C 73.31(73.45);H 6.42(6.42);P 7.53(7.89)%。ESI-TOF/HRMS:m/e 393.16143(M+H)+
31P-NMR(CD2Cl2):142.9s)ppm。
1H-NMR(CD2Cl2):1.17(s,6H),1.31(s,6H),7.34-7.72(m,13H)ppm。
13C-NMR(CD2Cl2)δ 147.4(d,J CP=6.5Hz);139.4;136.6;130.9;130.8;128.5;127.6;124.7;85.3(d,J CP=8.0Hz);25.5;24.8ppm。
氫甲醯化
氫甲醯化反應係在配備有保壓閥、氣體流量計、噴灑攪拌器及壓力吸量管的200ml高壓釜(來自Premex Reactor AG,Lengau,瑞士)中進行。用作為溶劑之甲苯係使用Pure Solv MD-7 System純化並在氬氣下儲存。
關於實驗,在氬氣氣氛下於高壓釜中混合前驅物錯合物(=觸媒前驅物)和配體之溶液。將[(acac)Rh(COD)](Umicore,acac=乙醯丙酮陰離子;COD=1,5-環辛二烯)用作為前驅物錯合物。關於在濃度為100ppm-m銠的實驗,將5ml之4.32毫莫耳的溶液置於高壓釜中。隨後,將相當於比率L/Rh=5:1之配體的質量溶解並混合於20ml的甲苯中。於耐壓吸量管內填充:2.69g(24.86mmol)的COD-1,5。用合成氣(Linde;H2(品質5.0):CO(品質4.7)=1:1)使高壓釜達到42巴的壓力並且加熱至60℃。在到達反應溫度後,將二烯壓縮進入高壓釜中。在50巴的恆壓下(來自荷蘭Bronkhorst的閉環壓力控制 器)進行反應。在反應時間已過之後,將高壓釜冷卻至室溫,在攪拌的同時解壓縮並以氬氣吹掃。在攪拌器已經關閉之後立即移出1ml之各個反應混合物,用5ml之戊烷稀釋然後藉由氣相層析法分析:HP 5890 Series II plus,PONA,50m×0.2mm×0.5μm。
氫甲醯化實驗結果編輯於下表。所具體指明的轉化率在此情況下包含單醛類及二醛類二者。
標準實驗條件:[Rh]=0.717×10-4M,Rh/配體/COD-1,5=1:5:1151,溶劑甲苯。
如實驗結果顯示,藉由本發明方法達成了目的。

Claims (5)

  1. 一種將環辛二烯氫甲醯化之方法,其包含下列方法步驟:a)最初進料環辛二烯;b)加入錯合物,其包含:-選自:Rh、Ru、Co、Ir之金屬原子,及-具有結構( 1)之配體: 或加入前驅物錯合物,其包含選自:Rh、Ru、Co、Ir之金屬原子,及具有結構( 1)之化合物: c)饋入H 2和CO, d)加熱該反應混合物,其中該環辛二烯被轉化為醛。
  2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該金屬原子為Rh。
  3. 根據申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中該前驅物錯合物包含環辛二烯。
  4. 根據申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之方法,其中該前驅物錯合物為[(acac)Rh(COD)]。
  5. 根據申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項之方法,其中,在方法步驟d)中,該反應混合物係加熱至範圍在50℃至70℃的溫度。
TW107112138A 2017-04-11 2018-04-09 使用4-([1,1’:3’,1’’-聯三苯]-2’-基氧基)-S-二萘并[2,1-d:1’,2’-f][1,3,2]二磷呯(dioxaphosphepine)將環辛二烯氫甲醯化之方法 TW201906807A (zh)

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