TW201904592A - Green propolis extraction method - Google Patents
Green propolis extraction methodInfo
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- TW201904592A TW201904592A TW106120087A TW106120087A TW201904592A TW 201904592 A TW201904592 A TW 201904592A TW 106120087 A TW106120087 A TW 106120087A TW 106120087 A TW106120087 A TW 106120087A TW 201904592 A TW201904592 A TW 201904592A
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Abstract
Description
本發明係有關於一種食品加工方法,特別係指一種綠蜂膠之萃取方法。The invention relates to a food processing method, in particular to a method for extracting green propolis.
按,蜂膠係為蜜蜂於採集食物之過程中,將所分泌之唾液與植物分泌物所混合形成之膠狀物,具有抗菌、預防疾病、抵抗寄生蟲、抗發炎、增強免疫力等功效。近年研究係發現蜂膠之功效與其內含之多種植物成分相關,如酚類化合物、黃酮類化合物、香豆素、咖啡酸、醌類等。According to the press, propolis is a gelatinous substance formed by bees mixing the secreted saliva and plant secretions during the process of collecting food. It has antibacterial, disease prevention, anti-parasite, anti-inflammatory, and immune enhancement functions. In recent years, research has found that the effectiveness of propolis is related to its various plant components, such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, coumarins, caffeic acid, and quinones.
為能使蜂膠被產品化,必須要透過萃取程序分離出其內之有效成份,目前大多數廠商為避免有機溶劑殘留於萃取物中,並且考量到萃取成份,所以會選擇以水作為萃取溶劑,然而,蜂膠內大多數之植物成份係不溶於水中,使萃取物中之活性成份含量過少,無法發揮其效用;亦有廠商會改以善酒精作為萃取溶劑,以自蜂膠中分離出不溶於水之植物成份,惟,單純使用酒精進行萃取所得之蜂膠萃取物不僅純度過低,並且刺激性較強而無法被消費者所接受。In order for propolis to be commercialized, the effective ingredients in it must be separated through an extraction process. At present, most manufacturers choose to use water as the extraction solvent in order to avoid the residual of organic solvents in the extract and consider the extracted ingredients. However, most of the plant components in propolis are insoluble in water, so that the content of active ingredients in the extract is too small to exert its effect; some manufacturers will use good alcohol as an extraction solvent to separate insoluble water from propolis. However, the propolis extract obtained by simply using alcohol for extraction is not only too low in purity, but also irritating and unacceptable to consumers.
本發明之主要目的即在於提供一種綠蜂膠之萃取方法,其係能夠萃取出高品質及高濃度之蜂膠成份,改善習知技術低萃取率之缺失,以使蜂膠能夠被符合經濟效益地被應用於產業。The main object of the present invention is to provide a method for extracting green propolis, which can extract high-quality and high-concentration propolis ingredients, and improve the lack of low extraction rate in the conventional technology, so that propolis can be applied economically. In the industry.
本發明之另一目的係在於提供一種綠蜂膠之萃取方法,其於萃取過程中係能夠回收萃取溶劑循環使用,並且利用殘餘物製作蜂膠相關產品,以達到降低萃取成本及綠色環保之功效。Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for extracting green propolis, which can recover the extraction solvent for recycling during the extraction process, and use the residue to make propolis related products, so as to achieve the effect of reducing extraction costs and environmental protection.
緣是,為能達成上述目的,本發明所揭綠蜂膠之萃取方法係包含下列步驟:The reason is that in order to achieve the above object, the extraction method of green propolis disclosed in the present invention includes the following steps:
步驟a:取一綠蜂膠塊,置於一預定濃度之酒精內,於萃取溫度低於50℃之條件下進行萃取,過濾萃取後之溶液,形成一綠蜂膠濾液及一綠蜂膠臘。Step a: Take a green propolis block, place it in a predetermined concentration of alcohol, and perform extraction at a temperature lower than 50 ° C. The extracted solution is filtered to form a green propolis filtrate and a green propolis wax.
步驟b:濃縮該綠蜂膠濾液,形成一綠蜂膠濃縮液。Step b: The green propolis filtrate is concentrated to form a green propolis concentrated solution.
步驟c:將該綠蜂膠濃縮液與一丙二醇溶劑混合,形成一綠蜂膠丙二醇溶液,其中該綠蜂膠濃縮液與該丙二醇溶劑之重量比為1:1。Step c: The green propolis concentrated solution is mixed with a propylene glycol solvent to form a green propolis propylene glycol solution, wherein the weight ratio of the green propolis concentrated solution to the propylene glycol solvent is 1: 1.
步驟d:自該綠蜂膠丙二醇溶液中分離並濃縮形成一綠蜂膠萃取液。Step d: separating and concentrating the green propolis propylene glycol solution to form a green propolis extract.
步驟e:將該綠蜂膠萃取液與一三酸甘油酯混合,形成一綠蜂膠/三酸甘油酯混合液,再自該綠蜂膠/三酸甘油酯混合液分離出一綠蜂膠原液及一蠟油混合物,其中該綠蜂膠萃取液與該三酸甘油酯之重量比為2:1。Step e: mixing the green propolis extract with triglyceride to form a green propolis / triglyceride mixed solution, and then separating a green bee collagen solution and a wax from the green propolis / triglyceride mixed solution Oil mixture, wherein the weight ratio of the green propolis extract to the triglyceride is 2: 1.
其中,該步驟a係以多層次超音波變頻萃取法進行萃取。Wherein, the step a is performed by a multi-level ultrasonic frequency conversion extraction method.
舉例來說,該步驟a更包含下列步驟:For example, step a further includes the following steps:
步驟a1:將該綠蜂膠塊與濃度為95wt%之酒精混合,於30~50℃下進行超音波變頻萃取,過濾形成一第一萃取液及一第一沈澱物;Step a1: mixing the green propolis block with 95% by weight alcohol, performing ultrasonic frequency conversion extraction at 30-50 ° C, and filtering to form a first extract solution and a first precipitate;
步驟a2:取該第一沈澱物與濃度為95wt%之酒精混合,於30~50℃下進行超音波變頻萃取,過濾形成一第二萃取液及一第二沈澱物;Step a2: Take the first precipitate and mix it with alcohol having a concentration of 95% by weight, perform ultrasonic variable frequency extraction at 30-50 ° C, and filter to form a second extract and a second precipitate;
步驟a3:取該第二沈澱物與濃度為95wt%之酒精混合,於30~50℃下進行超音波變頻萃取,過濾形成一第三萃取液及該綠蜂膠臘;Step a3: Take the second precipitate and mix it with 95% by weight alcohol, perform ultrasonic frequency conversion extraction at 30-50 ° C, and filter to form a third extract and the green propolis wax;
步驟a4:收集上述步驟獲得之該第一至第三萃取液,形成該綠蜂膠濾液。Step a4: Collect the first to third extracts obtained in the above steps to form the green propolis filtrate.
又,於本發明之實施例中,步驟b及d係分別以定溫減壓濃縮法進行,而舉例來說,步驟b或步驟d係於下列條件下進行減壓濃縮:溫度為55~65℃、負壓300~400mmHg。Moreover, in the embodiment of the present invention, steps b and d are performed by a constant temperature and reduced pressure concentration method, and for example, step b or step d is performed under reduced pressure concentration under the following conditions: the temperature is 55-65 ℃, negative pressure 300 ~ 400mmHg.
藉由本發明所揭綠蜂膠之萃取方法,係能於步驟b及/或步驟d完成後,回收剩餘酒精,以供再次作為萃取溶劑使用。With the extraction method of green propolis disclosed in the present invention, after step b and / or step d is completed, the remaining alcohol can be recovered for use as an extraction solvent again.
以下,將茲舉本發明之一實施例並搭配圖式做更進一步說明如后。Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the drawings for further description.
請參閱第一圖,本發明之一實施例所揭綠蜂膠之萃取方法,其係針對台灣本土特有之綠蜂膠進行萃取,主要包含下列步驟:Please refer to the first figure. The extraction method of green propolis disclosed in one embodiment of the present invention is to extract green propolis unique to Taiwan, which mainly includes the following steps:
步驟100:以多層次超音波變頻萃取法自一綠蜂膠塊中脫去樹脂,其係包含下列步驟:Step 100: The resin is removed from a green propolis block by a multi-level ultrasonic frequency conversion extraction method, which comprises the following steps:
步驟101:第一次萃取Step 101: First extraction
將該綠蜂膠塊與濃度為95wt%之酒精以重量比1:3之比例進行混合,於30~50℃下進行超音波變頻萃取約1小時,過濾後靜置24小時,形成一第一萃取液及一第一沈澱物。The green propolis block was mixed with alcohol having a concentration of 95% by weight in a ratio of 1: 3 by weight. Ultrasonic frequency conversion extraction was performed at 30-50 ° C for about 1 hour, and the filter was allowed to stand for 24 hours to form a first extraction. Liquid and a first precipitate.
步驟102:第二次萃取Step 102: Second extraction
取該第一沈澱物與濃度為95wt%之酒精以重量比3:5之比例進行混合,於30~50℃下進行超音波變頻萃取約1小時,過濾後靜置24小時,形成一第二萃取液及一第二沈澱物;The first precipitate was mixed with 95% by weight alcohol at a ratio of 3: 5 by weight, and ultrasonic frequency conversion extraction was performed at 30-50 ° C for about 1 hour. After filtering, it was left for 24 hours to form a second An extract and a second precipitate;
步驟103:第三次萃取Step 103: Third extraction
取該第二沈澱物與濃度為95wt%之酒精以重量比1:3之比例進行混合,於30~50℃下進行超音波變頻萃取1小時,過濾靜置24小時,形成一第三萃取液及一綠蜂膠臘;The second precipitate was mixed with 95% by weight alcohol at a ratio of 1: 3 by weight. Ultrasonic frequency conversion extraction was performed at 30-50 ° C for 1 hour, and the filter was left for 24 hours to form a third extract solution. And a green propolis wax;
步驟104:收集濾液Step 104: Collect the filtrate
收集步驟101~103中所獲得之該第一至第三萃取液,形成一綠蜂膠濾液。The first to third extracts obtained in steps 101 to 103 are collected to form a green propolis filtrate.
步驟200:製備綠蜂膠濃縮溶液Step 200: Prepare a concentrated green propolis solution
於55~65℃定溫,負壓300~400mmHg之條件下濃縮步驟100中獲得之該綠蜂膠濾液,分離獲得一綠蜂膠濃縮液,並且,回收酒精。The green propolis filtrate obtained in step 100 is concentrated at a temperature of 55 to 65 ° C. and a negative pressure of 300 to 400 mmHg, and a green propolis concentrated solution is separated to obtain an alcohol.
步驟300:製備綠蜂膠丙二醇溶液Step 300: Preparation of a green propolis propylene glycol solution
將步驟200中獲得之該綠蜂膠濃縮液與食用級丙二醇溶劑以重量比為1:1之比例混合均勻,置入超音波震動機混合約10分鐘,以形成一綠蜂膠丙二醇溶液。The green propolis concentrated solution obtained in step 200 and the food grade propylene glycol solvent are mixed uniformly at a ratio of 1: 1 by weight, and placed in an ultrasonic vibration machine for about 10 minutes to form a green propolis propylene glycol solution.
步驟400:製備綠蜂膠萃取液Step 400: preparing green propolis extract
於55~65℃定溫,負壓300~400mmHg之條件下濃縮步驟300中獲得之該綠蜂膠丙二醇溶液,分離獲得一綠蜂膠萃取液。The green propolis propylene glycol solution obtained in step 300 is concentrated at a temperature of 55 to 65 ° C. and a negative pressure of 300 to 400 mmHg, and a green propolis extract is separated and obtained.
步驟500:脫臘Step 500: Dewaxing
將步驟400中所獲得之該綠蜂膠萃取液與食用級三酸甘油酯以重量比2:1之比例均勻混合,置入超音波震動機混合約10分鐘,形成一綠蜂膠/三酸甘油酯混合液。再將該綠蜂膠/三酸甘油酯混合液靜置於分薊漏斗內,使其分層,而後分離上層之蠟油混合物與下層之綠蜂膠原液。The green propolis extract obtained in step 400 and the food grade triglyceride are uniformly mixed in a weight ratio of 2: 1, and placed in an ultrasonic vibration machine for about 10 minutes to form a green propolis / glyceride. Mixed liquid. The green propolis / triglyceride mixed solution was then placed in a thistle funnel to separate the layers, and then the wax oil mixture in the upper layer and the green bee collagen solution in the lower layer were separated.
藉由本發明所揭綠蜂膠之萃取方法,其綠蜂膠原液內之蜂膠固形物含蜂膠量為50%(w/v%)以上,並類黃酮素含量高於45%,此遠超過台灣蜂膠協會認證優良蜂膠商品之含量的標準:蜂膠固形物含蜂膠量為10%(w/v%)以上、類黃酮素含量為0.5%。由此顯示,本發明所揭綠蜂膠之萃取方法確實能夠提高綠蜂膠有效成份之萃取率,以達到降低產製成本、提高萃取品質之功效。With the extraction method of green propolis disclosed in the present invention, the solid content of propolis in the green propolis collagen solution contains more than 50% (w / v%) propolis, and the flavonoid content is higher than 45%, which is far more than the Taiwan Propolis Association Standards for the content of certified good propolis products: Propolis solids contain more than 10% (w / v%) propolis and 0.5% flavonoids. This shows that the extraction method of green propolis disclosed in the present invention can indeed improve the extraction rate of the effective ingredients of green propolis, so as to achieve the effect of reducing the production cost and improving the extraction quality.
舉例來說,若取用1公斤綠蜂膠塊作為起始原料以本發明所揭綠蜂膠之萃取方法進行萃取,於第一次萃取可獲得2.5公斤之第一萃取物及1.5公斤之第一沈澱物,可知第一次萃取可萃取出70~80%之蜂膠成份。1.5公斤之第一沈澱物進行第二次萃取後,可獲得約3公斤之第二萃取物及1公斤之第二沈澱物,顯示第二次萃取可萃取出約15~20%之蜂膠。1公斤之第二沈澱物進行第三次萃取後,可獲得約3公斤之第三萃取物及1公斤綠蜂膠臘,可知第三次萃取可萃取約5%之蜂膠。由此可知,於步驟100時,1公斤綠蜂膠塊共需使用8.5公斤之酒精進行萃取,獲得約8.5公斤之綠蜂膠濾液及1公斤之綠蜂膠臘。For example, if 1 kg of green propolis block is used as a starting material for extraction using the extraction method of green propolis disclosed in the present invention, 2.5 kg of a first extract and 1.5 kg of a first precipitate can be obtained in the first extraction. It is known that the first extraction can extract 70 to 80% of the propolis component. After 1.5 kg of the first precipitate was subjected to the second extraction, about 3 kg of the second extract and 1 kg of the second precipitate were obtained, showing that the second extraction can extract about 15-20% of propolis. After the third extraction of 1 kg of the second precipitate, about 3 kg of the third extract and 1 kg of green propolis wax can be obtained. It can be known that the third extraction can extract about 5% of the propolis. It can be known that at step 100, 1 kg of green propolis block needs to be extracted with a total of 8.5 kg of alcohol to obtain about 8.5 kg of green propolis filtrate and 1 kg of green propolis wax.
將該8.5公斤之綠蜂膠濾液於步驟200進行減壓濃縮程序,可形成1公斤之綠蜂膠濃縮液,並且回收7.5公斤之酒精,可供再次使用。The 8.5 kg of green propolis filtrate is subjected to a reduced pressure concentration procedure in step 200 to form 1 kg of green propolis concentrate, and 7.5 kg of alcohol is recovered for reuse.
於步驟300中,將1公斤之綠蜂膠濃縮液與1公斤之食用級丙二醇溶劑混合,形成2公斤之綠蜂膠丙二醇溶液。再於步驟400中,將該2公斤之綠蜂膠丙二醇溶液進行減壓濃縮後,形成1公斤之綠蜂膠萃取液,並且,回收1公斤之酒精,能夠再次循環使用。而該綠蜂膠萃取液則可在經過脫臘步驟,以形成蠟油混合物及100%綠蜂膠原液。In step 300, 1 kg of green propolis concentrate is mixed with 1 kg of edible grade propylene glycol solvent to form a 2 kg green propolis propylene glycol solution. In step 400, the 2 kg of green propolis propylene glycol solution is concentrated under reduced pressure to form 1 kg of green propolis extract, and 1 kg of alcohol is recovered and can be recycled again. The green propolis extract can be dewaxed to form a wax oil mixture and a 100% green bee collagen solution.
藉由上述說明可知,本發明所揭綠蜂膠之萃取方法係具有下列優點:According to the above description, the extraction method of green propolis disclosed in the present invention has the following advantages:
其一、獲得高濃度及高品質之綠蜂膠萃取液,可以提高綠蜂膠萃取物之利用度。First, obtaining high-concentration and high-quality green propolis extract can increase the utilization of green propolis extract.
其二:由於利用三酸甘油酯稀釋綠蜂膠萃取液,使得所獲得之綠蜂膠原液中不含有酒精成份,而不會具有刺辣口感,能夠減少調味劑之使用,並且提高消費者之接受度。Second: Because the green propolis extract is diluted with triglyceride, the obtained green bee collagen solution does not contain alcohol and does not have a spicy taste, which can reduce the use of flavoring agents and improve consumer acceptance. .
其三:於萃取過程中,係能回收大量之酒精做循環使用,不僅可以減少廢棄物對於環境之污染,亦能降低生產成本。Third: In the extraction process, a large amount of alcohol can be recovered for recycling, which can not only reduce the environmental pollution of waste, but also reduce the production cost.
其四:於萃取過程中,同時能夠獲得樹脂及含有三酸酐油脂及臘質之蠟油混合物,其中,樹脂可以作為肥料之原料,而蠟油混合物可以進一步加工成為蜂蠟保養品或外用藥品,如護手霜、軟膏等。Fourth: During the extraction process, a resin and a wax oil mixture containing tri-anhydride oil and wax can be obtained at the same time. Among them, the resin can be used as a raw material for fertilizer, and the wax oil mixture can be further processed into beeswax care products or external medicines, such as Hand cream, ointment, etc.
據此可知,本發明所揭綠蜂膠之萃取方法不僅能夠改善習知技術之缺失,大幅增加綠蜂膠塊萃取物之純度及萃取效率,更能降低萃取成本,同時達到環境友善之功效。It can be known from this that the extraction method of green propolis disclosed in the present invention can not only improve the lack of known technology, greatly increase the purity and extraction efficiency of green propolis block extract, but also reduce the extraction cost and achieve environmentally friendly effects.
無no
第一圖係為本發明實施例所揭綠蜂膠之萃取方法之流程圖。The first figure is a flowchart of a method for extracting green propolis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
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