TW201838227A - Protection component and battery pack thereof including an insulation outer casing, a plurality of terminal electrodes, an elastic component, a fusible conductor and a first heat generating assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention provides a protection component and a battery pack thereof. The protection component includes an insulation outer casing; a plurality of terminal electrodes, including a first terminal electrode, a second terminal electrode and a third terminal electrode, wherein these terminal electrodes respectively penetrate the insulation outer casing and are respectively supported by the insulation outer casing; an elastic component, which is set within the insulation outer casing, and two ends of the elastic component are respectively electrically connected with the first terminal electrode and the second terminal electrode for providing a first bidirectional current path between the first terminal electrode and the second terminal electrode of the protection component; a fusible conductor, which is set within the insulation outer casing; and a first heat generating assembly, which is set within the insulation outer casing, the fusible conductor and the first heat generating assembly are electrically connected in series with each other between the first bidirectional current path and the third terminal electrode.

Description

   Protective element and its battery pack   

The invention relates to a protection element and a battery pack thereof, and in particular to a protection element having an overcurrent, overvoltage or overtemperature protection function, and a protection element capable of withstanding a high charge and discharge current and a battery pack thereof.

In the previous protection components, most of the terminal electrodes were arranged on the substrate, and the fusible conductor was arranged on the terminal electrodes. In the future, the instantaneous working current applied to the motor will be quite high, even higher than 50A. Neither the electrodes nor the substrate can withstand the flow of such a large abnormal current. Even the terminal electrodes and the substrate are melted or broken due to the high heat and high voltage generated by the fusible conductor at the moment of melting. In addition, if the fusible conductor can withstand the working current or rated current between 30A and 100A, its cross-sectional area (thickness and width) must be increased. The fusible conductor must be separated into two parts after the fuse is fused. Sufficient space to ensure that the insulation resistance of the fusible conductor is within a safe range after disconnection.

Therefore, in order to meet the market's future demand for large rated currents, the terminal electrodes of protective elements must increase their cross-sectional area and use better conductive metal materials (such as metal sheets). On the substrate and to avoid the problem of insufficient insulation resistance caused by an increase in the cross-sectional area (thickness and width) of the fusible conductor and the slower or faster operation time of the protection element, and to ensure its own safety and stability.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a protection element and a battery pack. The protective element includes: an insulating outer casing; a plurality of terminal electrodes, including a first terminal electrode, a second terminal electrode, and a third terminal electrode, which respectively penetrate the insulating outer casing and are respectively supported by the insulating outer casing; an elastic element Is disposed in the insulating housing, and two ends of the elastic element are electrically connected to the first terminal electrode and the second terminal electrode, respectively, so as to provide a first between the first terminal electrode and the second terminal electrode of the protection element. A two-way current path; a fusible conductor disposed in the insulating casing; and a first heat generating component disposed in the insulating casing, the fusible conductor and the first heat generating component being electrically connected in series with each other in the first two-way Between the current path and the third terminal electrode.

The present invention provides a battery pack including: at least one battery element; the above-mentioned protection element, wherein the protection element is connected in series with the at least one battery element to form at least one charge-discharge current path; a switch circuit is coupled to the third terminal Electrodes; and a detection control circuit for detecting a voltage or temperature of the at least one battery element, and determining a state of the switching circuit according to the detected voltage or temperature.

888, 888a, 888b, 888c ‧‧‧ protection element

1‧‧‧ charging device or electronic device

2‧‧‧Charge and discharge control circuit

4‧‧‧ Battery Components

5‧‧‧ Detection control circuit

6‧‧‧ Porous ceramic structure

7 (1) ‧‧‧The first heat generating component

7a, 7b‧‧‧‧heating body electrode

7c‧‧‧First heating element

7z‧‧‧ adsorption electrode

8‧‧‧ Fusible Conductor

9 (1), 9 (2) ‧‧‧ solder or solder

10‧‧‧ Insulated substrate

16‧‧‧ Insulation

18‧‧‧ opening

19‧‧‧ insulated housing

19a‧‧‧Insulated outer cover

19b‧‧‧ insulated base

19x1, 19x2, 19x3, 19x4, 19x5, 19x6‧‧‧ Six faces of the insulated housing

588‧‧‧battery pack

S‧‧‧Switch circuit

S1‧‧‧Elastic element

Ic‧‧‧Charging current or path of charging current

Id‧‧‧ discharge current or path of discharge current

11‧‧‧ the first electrode

21‧‧‧Second-end electrode

31‧‧‧ third terminal electrode

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element according to the present invention.

FIG. 1A is an equivalent circuit diagram of a protection element.

FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing that the elastic element of the protection element returns to its original position.

FIG. 1C is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fusible conductor of the protection element being fused.

FIG. 1D is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element after the protection operation.

FIG. 1E is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element.

FIG. 1F is a schematic cross-sectional view of the protrusion.

FIG. 1G is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of the elastic element.

FIG. 1H is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element.

FIG. 1I is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element according to the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element according to the present invention.

FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element according to the present invention.

FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of an appearance of a protection element according to the present invention.

FIG. 2D is a schematic diagram of an appearance of a protection element according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of a battery pack according to the present invention.

In order to further understand the features and technical contents of the present invention, please refer to the following related embodiments, and make detailed descriptions with the accompanying drawings as follows. In addition, wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and embodiments to represent the same or similar parts. In addition, the diagram is shown in a schematic way. There may be cases where the ratio of each size is different from the actual one. You should refer to the following description for your own judgment. The examples are described as follows:

[Protective element 888]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element 888 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888. Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 1A at the same time. The protection element 888 of this embodiment includes an insulating outer casing 19, three terminal electrodes, an elastic element S1, a solder 9, a fusible conductor 8, an adsorption electrode 7z, and a first heat generating component 7 (1).

[Insulated outer casing 19]

The insulating outer case 19 includes an insulating outer case cover 19 a and an insulating outer case base 19 b. The components of the insulating housing 19 include one or a combination of a polymer and a ceramic material. The ceramic material includes any one or a combination of two or more of silicon carbide SiC, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride Si3N4, and graphite. Among them, the polymer includes any one or a combination of two or more of engineering plastics having good heat resistance. The main component of the insulating housing 19 of the protective element 888 of the first embodiment is a polymer, which includes polyhenylenesulfide. When the insulating outer casing 19 is formed into the shape shown in FIG. 1 (or other shapes, as shown in FIG. 2C and FIG. 2D), the insulating outer casing 19 can be divided into two parts: the insulating outer casing base 19 a and the insulating outer casing base 19 b. Wherein, the insulating outer shell cover 19a may also be formed by insert molding, and the first terminal electrode 11, the second terminal electrode 21, the third terminal electrode 31, and the insulating outer shell cover 19a may be integrally molded. The insulating outer casing 19 has six faces including a left face 19x1, a right face 19x2, an upper face 19x3, a bottom face 19x4, a front face 19x5, and a rear face 19x6 (see FIG. 2C).

[Terminal electrode, adsorption electrode 7z]

The above-mentioned three terminal electrodes (i.e., the first terminal electrode 11, the second terminal electrode 21, and the third terminal electrode 31) penetrate through and are supported by the insulating case cover 19a. One end (first end) of each terminal electrode (ie, the first end electrode 11 and the second end electrode 21) is disposed (exposed) outside the insulating housing 19, and the other end (second end) is disposed or floated on the insulation The outer case 19 extends into the insulating outer case 19. Furthermore, the second end of the third terminal electrode 31 is disposed on the insulating outer casing base 19b. There is a gap between the second end of the first terminal electrode 11 and the insulating outer casing base 19b, and there is also a gap between the second end of the second terminal electrode 21 and the insulating outer casing base 19b. In addition, since the terminal electrodes and the adsorption electrodes 7z are not formed by a printing process but by other processes (such as a pressing process), the designer can adjust the thickness and thickness of the terminal electrodes according to actual applications or design requirements. Density to reduce the internal resistance of the terminal electrodes. All the materials of the terminal electrode and the adsorption electrode 7z of the present invention include materials made of any one of gold, silver, copper, tin, lead, aluminum, nickel, palladium, platinum, etc. as the main component or a combination of parts thereof as the main component. Formed into flakes or strips of metal. In addition, the surface of the part of the terminal electrode and the adsorption electrode 7z exposed outside the insulating casing 19 may be plated with one or more layers of less-oxidizable or more stable metal materials such as nickel, tin, lead, aluminum, nickel, gold, and the like. In this way, the terminal electrodes or the adsorption electrodes 7z can prevent the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21 from being melted due to the high temperature generated when a large current flows through the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21. All the terminal electrodes of the present invention can be implemented in a manner similar to that described above. It should be noted that there may be a gap between the second end of the third end electrode 31 and the insulating outer casing base 19b in this embodiment, and the first end electrode 11 and the second end of the second end electrode 21 may also be disposed in the insulation. The outer casing base 19b (adjust the design according to different needs). In addition, the current value flowing through the adsorption electrode 7z is smaller than the current value flowing through the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21 because the resistance value of the first heat generating component 7 (1) is greater than the resistance value of the elastic element S1.

[Elastic element S1 and solder]

The solder includes solder 9 (1) and solder 9 (2), the solder 9 (1) fixes the first end of the elastic element S1 to the second terminal electrode 21, and electrically connects the second terminal electrode 21, and the solder 9 (2) The second end of the elastic element S1 is fixed on the first end electrode 11 and is electrically connected to the first end electrode 11 to provide a first bidirectional current between the first end electrode and the second end electrode of the protection element. Path (path I _{c for} the charging current and path I _{d for the} discharge current). The electrical connection described in the patent specification of the present invention can be applied to one of the methods of electrical connection using the solders 9 (1) and 9 (2) described above. The materials of the solders 9 (1) and 9 (2) include a leaded or lead-free composition mainly containing tin. The constituent material of the elastic element S1 is not particularly limited. Preferably, the resilient element S1 is a conductive or metallic material having strong elasticity, strong tensile force, high hardness, and high conductivity, and the constituent material of the elastic element S1 is preferably with solder 9 or metal has good bonding. Please refer to FIG. 1G. The original elastic element S1 is kept in a horizontal state. The elastic element S1 can be bent downward or upward by an external force. When the external force is removed, the elastic element S1 will return to the original horizontal state. In this embodiment, the first end of the elastic element S1 is bent downward, and the first end of the elastic element S1 is fixed on the second end electrode 21 and electrically connected to the second end electrode 21 by solder 9 (1). When the solder 9 (1) is partially melted, the technical feature of the elastic element S1 is to forcibly disengage the second end electrode 21 (that is, return to the original horizontal state) by its own elasticity, so that the elastic element S1 and the second end electrode 21 An open circuit is present between them, which is equivalent to the current path between the elastic element S1 and the second terminal electrode 21 being disconnected. The melting point or liquefaction point of solder 9 (2) can be higher than the melting point or solder of solder 9 (1) or Liquefaction point. The above description applies to all the elastic elements S1 of the present invention. It should be noted that the first end of the elastic element S1 is fixed to the second end electrode 21 for lifting or strengthening. Please refer to FIG. 1F. The protection element 888 of this embodiment may further include at least one protruding body Sa. Between the elastic element S1 and the second end electrode 21, the solder 9 (1) is also arranged between the elastic element S1 and the second end electrode 21, and fills the space other than the protrusion Sa. Adjusting the height of Sa can increase or Reduce the amount of consumables, and ensure that the elastic element S1 does not squeeze all the solder 9 (1), resulting in poor soldering. The first end of the elastic element S1 cannot be properly fixed on the second end electrode 21. The protrusion Sa can be made by stamping the elastic element S1 or the second terminal electrode 21 itself or any technique well known in the industry, or it can be a solid with any shape. The protrusion Sa can be applied to all the protection elements of the present invention. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first end of the elastic element S1 can also be bent downward and the first end of the elastic element S1 can be fixed on the first end electrode 11 by solder 9 (1). Connected to the first terminal electrode 11. The solder 9 (2) fixes the second end of the elastic element S1 to the second end electrode 21 and is electrically connected to the second end electrode 21. The melting point or liquefaction point of the solder 9 (2) may be higher than the melting point or liquefaction point of the solder 9 (1). Of course, the heights of the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21 also need to be adjusted.

[First heat generating module 7 (1)]

The first heat generating component 7 (1) is disposed in the insulating outer casing 19 and is disposed on the third end electrode 31, and includes two heating element electrodes 7a, 7b and the first heating element 7c, and the three form a so-called sandwich. Structure, the first heating element 7c is sandwiched between two first heating element electrodes 7a, 7b (for example, wafer-type positive temperature coefficient resistor PTC Resister), and one end of the first heating element 7c is electrically connected to the heating element electrode 7a, the other end is electrically connected to the heating element electrode 7b. It should be noted that the heating element electrode 7 b in this embodiment is fixed to the third terminal electrode 31 by solder or solder 9, and is electrically connected to the third terminal electrode 31. The first heat generating component 7 (1) is supported by the third terminal electrode 31. The first heating element 7c is a relatively high resistance element (compared to the fusible conductor 8), and has a characteristic of generating heat when a current is passed. The material includes ruthenium dioxide (RuO2), ruthenium oxide, zinc oxide, and ruthenium. , Copper, palladium, platinum, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, platinum, molybdenum, tungsten, carbon black, organic binder or inorganic binder, etc. as a main component or a part of the composition as a main component of the ceramic element. The first heating electrode 7a, 7b may be a single-layer metal or a multi-layer metal structure, and the material of each layer includes copper, tin, lead, iron, nickel, aluminum, titanium, platinum, tungsten, zinc, iridium, cobalt, palladium, silver , Gold, iron carbonyl, nickel carbonyl, cobalt carbonyl, etc., or a combination of one or a part thereof.

[Fusible conductor 8]

The fusible conductor 8 is arranged inside the insulating outer case 19. The insulating outer casing 19 has a function of protecting elements inside the insulating outer casing 19, including, for example, an elastic element S1, a fusible conductor 8, a first terminal electrode 11, a second terminal electrode 21, a second terminal of a third terminal electrode 31, and The first heat generating module 7 (1) and the like. The fusible conductor 8 may have a multilayer structure, and has a low melting point conductor layer and a high melting point conductor layer, wherein the melting points of the low melting point conductor layer and the high melting point conductor layer are different. Of course, the fusible conductor 8 may also have a single-layer structure and only include a metal conductor layer (a low-melting-point conductor layer or a high-melting-point conductor layer) having a single melting point. The material of the low-melting-point conductor layer in the fusible conductor 8 includes a leaded or lead-free metal alloy containing tin as a main component. The material of the high-melting-point conductor layer in the fusible conductor 8 includes an alloy composed of silver, copper, tin, bismuth, indium, zinc, aluminum, and the like. The above description applies to all fusible conductors of the present invention. The two ends of the fusible conductor 8 are electrically connected to the second terminal electrode 21 and the first heat generating component 7 (1) respectively, so as to form a bidirectional current path between the second terminal electrode 21 and the first heat generating component 7 (1). . Of course, the two ends of the fusible conductor 8 can also be changed to electrically connect the first terminal electrode 11 and the first heat generating component 7 (1), respectively. It should be particularly noted that one end of the fusible conductor 8 in this embodiment is fixed to the surface of the second terminal electrode 21 by solder or solder, and is electrically connected to the second terminal electrode 21, and the other end is by solder or solder. It is fixed on the adsorption electrode 7z, and is electrically connected to the adsorption electrode 7z. The suction electrode 7z is disposed between the fusible conductor 8 and the heating element electrode 7a, and electrically connects the fusible conductor 8 and the heating element electrode 7a. The advantage of the adsorption electrode 7z is that when the volume of the fusible conductor 8 becomes larger, the partially melted fusible conductor 8 can be adsorbed on the adsorption electrode 7z having a larger area (compared to the heating body electrode 7a). It should be noted that the protection element 888 of this embodiment may not include the adsorption electrode 7z, and the other end of the fusible conductor 8 is directly fixed to the heating element electrode 7a by solder or solder, and the heating element electrode 7a can also be adjusted. The effect of the area does not affect the basic function of the protection element 888 of the present invention. In addition, it should be particularly noted that the fusible conductor 8 and the first heat generating component 7 (1) in all the protection elements of the present invention are electrically connected in series with each other in the first bidirectional current path (Ic, Id) and the third Between the terminal electrodes 31. Because only the first terminal electrode 11, the second terminal electrode 21, the fusible conductor 8, the first heat generating component 7 (1), and the third terminal electrode 31 need to be differently connected or coupled or electrically combined. (Please refer to FIG. 1A, FIG. 1E, FIG. 1H, and FIG. 1I).

[Description of the operation of the protection element 888]

Referring to FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, FIG. 1C and FIG. 1D, when a current lower than the rated current value flows through the elastic element S1, the protection element 888 will not operate, and the original state of the protection element 888 is maintained.

Please refer to FIG. 1B. Condition 1: When a current higher than the rated current flows through the elastic element S1, the elastic element S1 will melt the solder 9 (1) due to its own heating (refer to FIG. 1B). When the solder 9 (1 ) When partially melted, the first end of the elastic element S1 is forcibly separated from the second end electrode 21 (that is, returned to the original horizontal state) by its own elasticity, so that the elastic element S1 and the second end electrode 21 are in an open circuit state. (open circuit), which is equivalent to the current path between the elastic element S1 and the second terminal electrode 21 being disconnected.

Please refer to FIG. 1B and FIG. 1C. Condition two: When the first heat generating component 7 (1) generates heat, the thermal energy generated by the first heat generating component 7 (1) is transmitted to the fusible via the heating element electrode 7a and the adsorption electrode 7z. The conductor 8, the second terminal electrode 21, and the solder 9 (1). Because the melting point of the second terminal electrode 21 is higher than that of the fusible conductor 8 and the solder 9 (1), and the melting points of the fusible conductor 8 and the solder 9 (1) are similar, the volume of the fusible conductor 8 is larger than that of the solder 9 (1) Volume, so solder 9 (1) is melted first (see Figure 1B). When the solder 9 (1) is partially melted, the first end of the elastic element S1 is forcibly separated from the second end electrode 21 (that is, returned to the original horizontal state) by its own elasticity, so that the elastic element S1 and the second end electrode 21 There is an open circuit between them, which is equivalent to the current path between the elastic element S1 and the second terminal electrode 21 being disconnected. After one time, the fusible conductor 8 is fused, and part of the fused fusible conductor 8 is adsorbed on the adsorption electrode 7 (refer to FIG. 1C). Therefore, the second terminal electrode 21 and the first heat generating component 7 (1) or The current path between the third terminal electrodes 31 is disconnected. It should be noted that the melting point or liquefaction point of the fusible conductor 8 may be higher than the melting point or liquefaction point of the solder 9 (1), or the melting point or liquefaction point of the fusible conductor 8 may be lower than the melting point or solder of the solder 9 (1) Or liquefaction point, it is only necessary to ensure that the solder 9 (1) is melted first, and after a period of time, the fusible conductor 8 is melted.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element 888a according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888a. The protection element 888a of this embodiment is similar to the protection element 888 of the first embodiment. The main difference between the two is that the protection element 888a of this embodiment further includes an insulating substrate 10 and an insulating layer 16. The first heat generating component includes two heating body electrodes 7a, 7b and a first heating body 7c. The first heat generating component 7 (1) is disposed on the insulating substrate 10, and one end of the first heating body 7c is electrically connected to generate heat. The body electrode 7a is electrically connected to the heating body electrode 7b at the other end. The insulating layer 16 is disposed on the first heating element 7c. Among them, the heating body electrode 7a extends to the surface of the insulating layer 16 and is electrically connected to the adsorption electrode 7z. It should be noted that the protection element 888a in this embodiment may not include the insulating layer 16, and the first heating element 7c and the heating element electrodes 7a and 7b may be respectively disposed on the insulating substrate 10 without overlapping (not shown) (Shown), its effect is similar to the protection element 888a of FIG. 1D. Other related descriptions of the structure and operation are similar to the protection element 888 of the first embodiment, please refer to it yourself, and will not be repeated here.

FIG. 2A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element 888b according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888b. The protection element 888b of this embodiment is similar to the protection element 888a of the second embodiment. The main difference between the two is that the first heat generating component 7 (1) of the protection element 888b of this embodiment is arranged in the insulating substrate 10, and The heating electrode 7a of the first heat generating component 7 (1) extends to the surface of the insulating substrate 10. The heating electrode 7a is coupled or electrically connected to the adsorption electrode 7z. The heating electrode 7b of the first heat generating component 7 (1) extends to insulation. On the surface of the substrate 10, the heating electrode 7b is coupled to or electrically connected to the third terminal electrode 31. Other related descriptions of the structure and operation are similar to the protection element 888a of the second embodiment, please refer to it yourself, and will not be repeated here.

FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protection element 888c according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the protection element 888c of the present invention. FIG. 1A is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888c. The protective element 888c of this embodiment is similar to the protective element 888a of the second embodiment. The main difference between the two is that the insulating outer casing base 19b of the protective element 888c of this embodiment has a porous ceramic structure 6, and the insulation of the protective element 888c is The outer casing cover 19a has an opening 18, and the opening 18 may be one or more (refer to FIGS. 2B and 2C). The insulating outer shell 19 is characterized in that the main body of the insulating outer shell 19b is composed of ceramic powder, which is sintered by a sintering process, and creates gaps or holes between the ceramic particles. The ceramic material includes any one or a combination of two or more of silicon carbide SiC, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride Si3N4, and graphite. The main component of the insulating case cover 19a is a polymer, which includes polyhenylenesulfide. The technical features of the above-mentioned opening 18 or hole ceramic structure are: when the rated voltage value and the rated current value of the protection element 888c are relatively high (for example, greater than 30A or 50A or 100A or more), the moment the fusible conductor 8 is fused, the gas The generated high voltage can be discharged more uniformly through the porous holes and the interconnected structure 6 or the openings 18 of the insulating housing 19. It should be particularly noted that the porous hole ceramic structure 6 or the opening 18 may be arranged on at least one of the six faces of the insulating housing 19, or may be a part or a part of any one of the faces. The porous hole ceramic structure 6 of the insulating outer shell base 19b (see FIG. 2B) may also be partial or partial, or, as in this embodiment, the insulating outer shell base 19b is all the porous hole ceramic structure 6. Of course, the porous hole ceramic structure 6 and the opening 18 can also be implemented in opposite directions. For example, the insulating outer shell base body 19b has the opening 18, and the insulating outer shell cover 19a has the porous hole ceramic structure 6 (refer to FIG. 2D). The opening 18 or the porous ceramic structure 6 of this embodiment can also be applied to the structure of other protection elements of the present invention. Other related descriptions of the structure and operation are similar to the protection element 888 of the first embodiment, please refer to it yourself, and will not be repeated here.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack 588 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The battery pack 588 includes: a battery element 4, a charge and discharge control circuit 2, a detection control circuit 5, a switch circuit, and the above-mentioned protection elements 888 or 888a or 888b or 888c or 888d or 888e or 888f or 888g. The battery element 4 has four battery elements 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, and 4-4 (but the present invention is not limited thereto). The charge and discharge control circuit 2 is responsible for controlling the on and off of the charge and discharge currents (Ic, Id). The initial state of the switching circuit S is an open circuit, and the switching circuit S can be short-circuited or turned on according to an input signal, respectively. The detection control circuit 5 detects the voltage value or temperature value of each of the battery elements 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, and 4-4 in the battery element 4, and outputs a signal to the charge and discharge control circuit 2 or the switch circuit. S. The terminal electrodes 11 and 21 of the protection element 888 are connected in series between the battery element 4 and the charge-discharge control circuit 2 to form a charge-discharge path (that is, a path of the charging current I _c and the discharging current I _d ). One end of the switching circuit S is coupled to the third terminal electrode 31. The charge-discharge control circuit 2 in the chargeable-dischargeable battery pack 588 of this embodiment can turn on and off the charge-discharge current according to signals output from the external charging device 1 or the electronic device 1 and the detection control circuit 5. When the charging current I _c that is higher than the rated current value flows through the fusible conductor 8 or the discharge current I _d that is higher than the rated current value flows through the fusible conductor 8, the fusible conductor 8 will blow to disconnect the charging current I _c Or the path of the discharge current I _d to achieve the over-current protection function of protecting the battery element 4 or the battery pack 588. In addition, when the detection control circuit 5 detects any abnormality in the battery elements 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 (such as: overcharge or overtemperature), it will send a signal to The switching circuit S is used to switch the switching circuit S to a short-circuit state or a conducting state, so that a current can flow through the first heating element 7c or the first heating element 7c and the second heating element 7c2. The first heating element 7c fuses the fusible conductor 8 due to energization or heating, or the first heating element 7c and the second heating element 7c2 simultaneously energizes and fuses the fusible conductor 8 to disconnect the charging current I _c and the discharging current I _d . Overcharge or overvoltage or overtemperature protection function of the rechargeable battery pack 588.

Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with the examples, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person with ordinary knowledge in the technical field can make some modifications and retouching without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the definition of the appended patent application scope. Any similarity to the spirit of the patent application scope of the present invention and the similar changes made by using the description and drawings of the present invention are included in the patent of the present invention. Within range.

Claims (11)

    A protection element includes: an insulating outer casing; a plurality of terminal electrodes, including a first terminal electrode, a second terminal electrode, and a third terminal electrode, the terminal electrodes respectively penetrating the insulating outer casing and respectively by the insulating outer casing; A support; an elastic element disposed in the insulating housing, and two ends of the elastic element electrically connecting the first end electrode and the second end electrode, respectively, for connecting between the first end electrode and the second end electrode of the protection element; A first bidirectional current path is provided therebetween; a fusible conductor is disposed in the insulating casing; and a first heat generating component is disposed in the insulating casing, and the fusible conductor and the first heat generating component are electrically connected in series with each other. Between the first bidirectional current path and the third terminal electrode.         The protection element according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a first solder that fixes the first end of the elastic element to the second end electrode or the first end electrode.         The protection element according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the first solder and the fusible conductor have the same melting point or liquefaction point, or have different melting points or liquefaction points.         The protection element according to item 3 of the patent application scope, wherein a volume of the first solder is smaller than a volume of the fusible conductor.         The protection element according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first heat generating component includes two heating element electrodes and a first heating element, and the two heating element electrodes and the first heating element form a sandwich structure.         The protection element according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising an insulating substrate, wherein the first heat generating component is disposed on the insulating substrate or in the insulating substrate.         The protection element according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising an adsorption electrode disposed between the fusible conductor and the first heat generating component, and coupling or electrically connecting the fusible conductor and the first heat generating component. A heat generating component.         The protection element according to any one of claims 1 to 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein the insulating outer shell comprises a ceramic structure with at least one opening or porous hole.         The protection element according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein one end of the fusible conductor is electrically connected to the first end electrode or the second end electrode, and the other end of the fusible conductor is electrically connected to the first heat generation Components.         The protection element according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein one end of the first heat generating component is electrically connected to the first end electrode or the second end electrode, and the other end of the first heat generating component is electrically connected to the Fusible conductor.         A battery pack includes: at least one battery element; the protection element according to any one of items 1 to 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the protection element is connected in series with the at least one battery element to form at least one charge and discharge A current path; a switching circuit coupled to the three-terminal electrode of the ground; and a detection control circuit for detecting a voltage or temperature of the at least one battery element, and determining the voltage of the switching circuit according to the detected voltage or temperature status.