TW201740596A - Protection component and battery pack comprising an insulating shell, a plurality of terminal electrodes and a first over-current protection component - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention provides a protection component and a battery pack. The protection component comprises an insulating shell, a plurality of terminal electrodes and a first over-current protection component; the insulating shell comprises an insulating shell base body and an insulating shell cover body, and openings or holes capable of allowing gases to pass through are formed in each or both of the insulating shell base body and the insulating shell cover body; the plurality of terminal electrodes include a first terminal electrode and a second terminal electrode, respectively pass through the insulating shell and are respectively supported by the insulating shell; and the first over-current protection component is disposed inside the insulating shell and is used for providing a first bidirectional current path between the first terminal electrode and the second terminal electrode of the protection component, and the first bidirectional current path is disconnected when the current between the first terminal electrode and the second terminal electrode is abnormal.

Description

Protection component and battery pack

The present invention relates to a battery pack and a protective element thereof, and more particularly to a battery pack having an overcurrent, overvoltage or overtemperature protection function and capable of withstanding a high charge and discharge current and a protection element thereof.

The electrodes of the prior art protection components are mostly disposed on the substrate, and the conductive conductors are disposed on the electrodes, and the instantaneous operating currents applied to the motor in the future are relatively high, even higher than 50 A, and the electrodes and the substrates disposed on the substrate are both It cannot withstand the circulation of such a large abnormal current, and even the electrode and the substrate are melted or broken due to the high heat and high pressure generated by the fusible conductor when it is blown.

In addition, if the fusible conductor can withstand the working current or rated current between 30A and 100A, the cross-sectional area (thickness and width) must be increased. The fusible conductor is divided into two parts after being blown, and must also have Sufficient space to ensure that the insulation resistance of the fusible conductor is within safe limits after disconnection.

The present invention provides a protection element in which an overcurrent protection element or a fusible conductor is disposed in an insulative housing having a hole or opening through which a gas can pass through when an overcurrent protection element or a fusible conductor acts due to an abnormal current. Insulated casing will be generated instantaneously High heat and high pressure, the insulating outer casing must be able to withstand such high heat and high pressure without being damaged. The insulating outer casing of the protective element of the present invention has a hole or opening through which gas can be passed, thereby ensuring high heat and high pressure in the insulating outer casing. It is released without damaging the structure and appearance of the protective element.

The invention provides a protective component comprising: an insulating outer casing comprising an insulating outer casing base and an insulating outer casing cover, the insulating outer casing base and the insulating outer casing cover having a gas permeable a hole or an opening; a plurality of terminal electrodes including a first end electrode and a second end electrode, the end electrodes respectively penetrating through the insulating outer casing and respectively supported by the insulating outer casing; and a first overcurrent protection component, Disposed in the insulative housing for providing a first bidirectional current path between the first end electrode and the second end electrode of the protection element, when an abnormal current between the first end electrode and the second end electrode is abnormal The first bidirectional current path is broken.

In an embodiment of the invention, the protection element includes the first overcurrent protection element including any one or a combination of a fusible conductor, an elastic member, a PTC, a bimetal member, a thermal fuse, and the like.

In an embodiment of the invention, the protection element, wherein the first overcurrent protection component is a fusible conductor, the protection component further includes a heat generating component disposed in the insulating housing, wherein the heat generating component generates heat The first bidirectional current path is broken.

In an embodiment of the invention, the protection element, wherein the first end of the heat generating component is electrically connected to the second terminal electrode.

In an embodiment of the invention, the protection element, wherein the a heat generating component disposed under the second terminal electrode or disposed above an overlapping region of the soluble conductor and the second terminal electrode, wherein the first end of the heat generating component is coupled to the second terminal electrode or Melted conductor.

In an embodiment of the invention, the protection component, wherein the heat generating component is disposed below a central portion of the fusible conductor, and the first end of the heat generating component is electrically connected to a substantially central portion of the fusible conductor The part of the location.

In an embodiment of the invention, the protective element, wherein the fusible conductor has a thick portion at one end and a thin portion at the other end.

In an embodiment of the invention, the protective element, wherein the portion of the fusible conductor at a position of the central portion has a thin portion, and both ends of the fusible conductor have a thick portion.

In an embodiment of the invention, the protection component further includes an insulating substrate disposed in the insulating housing, wherein the heat generating component is disposed on the insulating substrate or in the insulating substrate.

In an embodiment of the invention, the protective element has a porous ceramic structure in either or both of the insulating outer casing base and the insulating outer casing cover. .

The invention provides a battery pack comprising: at least one battery component; the composite protection component, wherein the composite protection component is connected in series with the at least one battery component to form at least one charge and discharge current path; and the switch circuit is coupled to a second end of the at least one heating element; and a detection control circuit for detecting a voltage or a temperature of the at least one battery component, and determining the opening according to the detected voltage or temperature Turn off the state of the circuit.

888, 888a, 888b‧‧‧protective components

1‧‧‧Charging device or electronic device

2‧‧‧Charge and discharge control circuit

4‧‧‧ battery components

5‧‧‧Detection Control Circuit

S‧‧‧ Switching Circuit

7‧‧‧Heat generating components

7a, 7b‧‧‧heating electrode

7c‧‧‧heating body

8‧‧‧First overcurrent protection element or fusible conductor

8a‧‧‧

8b‧‧‧ Thick

10‧‧‧Insert substrate

10a‧‧‧ Upper surface of the insulating substrate

10b‧‧‧The lower surface of the insulating substrate

11, 12, 21, 31, 32‧‧‧ terminal electrodes

16‧‧‧Insulation

18‧‧‧ openings or holes

19‧‧‧Insulated outer casing

19a‧‧‧Insulated outer casing base

19b‧‧‧Insulated outer casing cover

19c‧‧‧protrusion

Six sides of 19x1, 19x2, 19x3, 19x4, 19x5, 19x6‧‧ ‧ insulating outer casing

588‧‧‧Battery Pack

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protective element 888 of the present invention.

FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a protective element 888 of the present invention.

FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a protective element 888 of the present invention.

FIG. 1C is a schematic illustration of the fusible conductor fuse of the protection element 888.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a modification of a protective member 888 of the present invention.

2A is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a modification of a protective element 888 of the present invention.

2B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a modification of a protective element 888 of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protective element 888a of the present invention.

Fig. 3A is a schematic view showing that the protective element 888a is heated by the heat generating body and the meltable conductor is blown.

3B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protective element 888a of the present invention.

3C is a schematic cross-sectional view of a protective element 888a of the present invention.

4 is a cross-sectional view of a protective element 888b of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888.

FIG. 5A is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888a.

FIG. 5B is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888a of the modification.

Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack 588 of the present invention.

In order to further understand the features and technical contents of the present invention, please The following related embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, wherever possible, the same reference numerals in the drawings In addition, the illustrations are shown in a schematic manner, and there are cases where the ratio of each size is different from the actual one, and the discretion should be made according to the following description. The examples are as follows:

[protection component 888]

1 is a cross-sectional view of a protection element 888 in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram showing the appearance of a protective component 888 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888. Please refer to FIG. 1 , FIG. 1A and FIG. 5 at the same time. The protective element 888 of this embodiment includes an insulative outer casing 19, two terminal electrodes, and a fusible conductor 8 (or first overcurrent protection element 8). The two terminal electrodes include a first terminal electrode 11 and a second terminal electrode 21. The insulating outer casing 19 includes an insulating outer casing base 19a and an insulating outer casing cover 19b. The composition of the insulating outer casing 19 includes one or a combination of a polymer and a ceramic material. The ceramic material includes any one or a combination of two or more of tantalum carbide SiC, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, tantalum nitride SiN, and graphite. Among them, the polymer contains any one or a combination of two or more kinds of engineering plastics having good heat resistance. The main component of the insulating outer casing 19 of the protective member 888 of the first embodiment is a polymer comprising polyhenylene sulfide. When the insulating outer casing 19 is formed into the shape (or other shape) of FIG. 1A, it can be divided into two parts, an insulating outer casing base 19a and an insulating outer casing cover 19b, respectively. Wherein, the insulating outer casing base 19a can also simultaneously use the process of insert molding, and the first end electrode 11, the second end electrode 21 and the insulating outer casing base 19a integrated molding. The insulating outer casing 19 has six faces such as a left face portion 19x1, a right face portion 19x2, an upper face portion 19x3, a bottom face portion 19x4, a front face portion 19x5, and a rear face portion 19x6 (Fig. 1A). The insulating outer casing base 19a has an opening 18. The insulating outer casing cover 19b has an opening 18.

The two terminal electrodes (i.e., the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21) penetrate the insulating outer casing 19 and are supported by the insulating outer casing 19. One end (first end) of each of the terminal electrodes (ie, the first end electrode 11 and the second end electrode 21) is disposed (exposed) outside the insulating outer casing 19, and the other end (second end) is disposed (floating) The inside of the insulating outer casing 19 extends into the insulating outer casing 19. Further, a gap is formed between the second end of the first end electrode 11 and the bottom surface portion 19x4 of the insulating outer casing 19, and the second end of the second end electrode 21 and the bottom surface portion 19x4 of the insulating outer casing 19 are also There is a gap, and as a result, the end electrode (the first end electrode 11 or the second end electrode 21) and the edge outer casing 19 can be reduced from each other by the temperature of the other side. In addition, since the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21 are not formed by a printing process but by other processes (eg, a pressing process), the designer can adjust the first terminal electrode according to actual application or design requirements. 11 and the thickness and density of the second terminal electrode 21 to reduce the internal resistance of the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21. The material of all the terminal electrodes of the present invention comprises a sheet made of a material containing as a main component a combination of any one of gold, silver, copper, tin, lead, aluminum, nickel, palladium, platinum, or the like as a main component. Or long strips of metal. In addition, the surface of a portion of the terminal electrode exposed outside the insulating outer casing 19 may be plated with one or more layers of metal materials such as nickel, tin, lead, aluminum, nickel, gold, etc. which are less susceptible to oxidation or stability. In this way, high temperature can be prevented from flowing through the first terminal electrode 11 and the second terminal electrode 21, so that the first terminal electrode 11 is The second terminal electrode 21 is melted. All of the terminal electrodes of the present invention can be implemented in a manner similar to that described above. It should be noted that the second end of the first end electrode 11 and the second end electrode 21 of the present embodiment may also be supported by the insulating outer casing base 19a or the bottom surface portion 19x4 of the insulating outer casing base 19a (without a gap; not shown).

The first overcurrent protection element 8 of the present invention comprises any one or a combination of a fusible conductor, an elastic member, a PTC, a bimetal member, a thermal fuse, and the like. The first overcurrent protection element 8 of the present embodiment is a fusible conductor 8 disposed in the insulative outer casing 19. The insulative outer casing 19 has the function of protecting elements within the insulative outer casing 19, such as the fusible conductor 8, the first end electrode 11, and the second end of the second end electrode 21. The fusible conductor 8 may have a multilayer structure having a low melting point conductor layer and a high melting point conductor layer, wherein the low melting point conductor layer and the high melting point conductor layer have different melting points. Of course, the fusible conductor 8 may also be a single-layer structure comprising only a single melting point metal conductor layer (low melting conductor layer or high melting conductor layer). The material of the low-melting-point conductor layer in the fusible conductor 8 contains a lead-based or lead-free metal alloy containing tin as a main component. The material of the high-melting-point conductor layer in the fusible conductor 8 includes an alloy composed of silver, copper, tin, antimony, indium, zinc, aluminum, or the like. All of the fusible conductors of the present invention are suitable for the above description. The two ends of the fusible conductor 8 are electrically connected to the first end electrode 11 and the second end electrode 21, respectively, to form a bidirectional (Ic, Id) current path between the first end electrode 11 and the second end electrode 21.

[Description of the operation of protection element 888]

When a current below the rated current value flows through the fusible conductor 8, the protective element 888 does not act, maintaining the original state of the protective element 888. When a current higher than the rated current flows through the fusible conductor 8, the fusible conductor 8 is blown due to its own heat (see Test Figure 1C). If the rated voltage value and the rated current value of the protection element 888 are low, the portion of the fusible conductor is vaporized at the moment when the fusible conductor 8 is blown, and the pressure generated by the gas may be withstood by the general insulating outer casing without being damaged. . However, if the rated voltage value and the rated current value of the protection element 888 are relatively high (for example, greater than 30A or 50A or more than 100A), the high voltage generated by the gas at the moment when the fusible conductor 8 is blown is not a general insulating outer casing. Sustained, causing damage to the insulating outer casing. Therefore, referring to FIG. 1, the bottom surface portion 19x4 of the insulating outer casing base 19a of the protective element 888 of the present embodiment has an opening 18 and the upper surface portion 19x3 of the insulating outer casing cover 19b also has an opening 18 (the shape of the opening may be Any shape of any shape known as a circle, a polygon, etc., such that when the rated voltage value and the rated current value of the protection element 888 are relatively high (eg, greater than 30 A or 50 A or more), the instant that the fusible conductor 8 is blown The high pressure generated by the gas can be discharged through the opening of the insulating outer casing 19 without being damaged by the pressure of the gas causing damage to the structure of the insulating outer casing 19. Of course, the pressure inside the insulating outer casing 19 is discharged, and only one opening can achieve the same effect, and the number of openings or the shape of the opening can be adjusted according to actual needs. Therefore, the insulating outer casing 19 of the present invention may be designed to have one or more regions of any one or more of the face such as the left face portion 19x1, the right face portion 19x2, the upper face portion 19x3, the bottom face portion 19x4, the front portion 19x5, and the rear portion 19x6. (as shown in Figures 1 and 2) the opening 18. Of course, the above-mentioned left side surface 19x1, right side surface 19x2, upper surface portion 19x3, bottom surface portion 19x4, front portion 19x5, and rear portion 19x6 may be connected to each other on the side line (or FIG. 1B) or at eight corners. The (not shown) design has one or more openings 18.

[Modification]

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a protective element 888 according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention. The present modification is similar to the protection element 888 of the first embodiment. The main difference between the two is that the insulating outer casing cover 19b has a porous hole ceramic structure, and the insulating outer casing cover 19b is The main component is composed of ceramic powder, which is sintered by a sintering process and creates gaps or holes between the ceramic particles. Therefore, the minimum diameter of the hole of the insulating outer casing cover 19b of the present modification is first. The diameter of the opening of the insulating outer casing cover 19b of the embodiment is small, or the number of the holes of the insulating outer casing cover 19b of the present modification is larger than that of the insulating outer casing cover 19b of the first embodiment, and Most of the holes of the insulating outer casing cover 19b of the present modification are intercommunicated. When the rated voltage value and the rated current value of the protection element 888 are relatively high (for example, greater than 30A or 50A or more than 100A), the high voltage generated by the gas at the moment when the fusible conductor 8 is blown may be porous through the insulating outer casing 19. And the interconnected structure is discharged more evenly. The opening 18 of the insulating outer casing 19 of the first embodiment penetrates from the surface of the insulating outer casing 19 to the inside, for example, a diameter of at least 0.05 mm or more or a unilateral length of at least 0.05 mm or more. The hole of the present modification is not a single size or size, but consists of a different gap (or distance) between each ceramic particle, and the surface of the insulating outer casing 19 of the present modification to the inner porous ceramic structure, even The inside of the insulating outer casing can not be seen with a magnifying glass. The process is to high-temperature extrusion ceramic powders of different particle sizes (such as SiC), which are extruded by high pressure, rolled or pressure molded or formulated into pulp. The material is formed by infusion molding and then sintered into a porous hole ceramic structure having a gap. The organic and inorganic binders are mixed with each other and then pressed and sintered by a mold. It should be specially noted that the porous cavity ceramic knot of the present modification The configuration may be performed on one or both of the six faces of the left outer surface 19x1, the right surface portion 19x2, the upper surface portion 19x3, the bottom surface portion 19x4, the front portion 19x5, and the rear portion 19x6 of the insulating outer casing 19 (Fig. 2A). It is not necessarily that the entire structure of a certain face is a porous hole ceramic structure, and a partial region of a certain face may have a porous hole ceramic structure (as shown in FIG. 2B, a portion of the right surface portion 19x2 has a porous hole ceramic structure).

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a protection element 888a according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A is an equivalent circuit diagram of the protection element 888a. Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 1 and FIG. 5A, the protection component 888a of this embodiment is similar to the protection component 888 of FIG. 1, but the main difference is that the protection component 888a of the embodiment further includes a heat generating component 7. And the third end electrode 31. Among them, the third end electrode 31 penetrates the insulating outer casing 19 and is supported by the insulating outer casing 19. One end (first end) of the third end electrode 31 is disposed (exposed) outside the insulating outer casing 19, and the other end (second end) is disposed in the insulating outer casing 19 or extends into the insulating outer casing 19, and the bottom surface There is no gap between the parts 19x4. The heat generating component 7 is disposed in the insulating outer casing 19 and disposed below the second end of the second end electrode 21 or above the overlapping area of the fusible conductor 8 and the second end electrode 21 (not drawn) Show). The heat generating unit 7 includes a heat generating body 7c and heat generating body electrodes 7a and 7b, and the three form a sandwich-like structure. One end of the heating element 7c is electrically connected to the heating element electrode 7a, and the other end of the heating element 7c is electrically connected to the heating element electrode 7b. The heat generating body electrode 7a of one end of the heat generating component 7 is coupled to the second terminal electrode 21, and the other end of the heat generating component 7 is coupled to the third terminal electrode 31. It should be noted that the insulating outer casing base 19a of the protective element 888a of the present embodiment has no opening 18, and only the insulating outer casing cover 19b has an opening 18. The insulating outer casing 19 of the present invention can be contained at any position One or more of the openings 18, as a result, achieve the effect of venting internal pressure.

[Description of the operation of protection element 888a]

When a current below the rated current value flows through the fusible conductor 8, the protective element 888b does not act, maintaining the original state of the protective element 888a. When a current higher than the rated current value flows through the fusible conductor 8, the fusible conductor 8 is blown by itself due to heat generation (please refer to FIG. 1C). When the heating element 7c generates heat, thermal energy is transmitted to the second terminal electrode 21 via the heating element electrode 7a, and the partially soluble conductor 8 located above the second terminal electrode 21 is melted, and the fusible conductor 8 is melted. The partially melted fusible conductor 8 is adsorbed on the second terminal electrode 21, and the other portion (not melted) is broken into two portions (refer to Fig. 3A). It should be noted that the fusible conductor 8 of the present embodiment may include a thin portion 8a and a thick portion 8b (please refer to FIG. 3B), and the rated current of the thin portion 8a and the thick portion 8b may be the same, but when the heating element 7c When the heat is generated, the fusible conductor 8 having the thin portion 8a and the thick portion 8b in Fig. 3B is melted relatively quickly.

[Modification]

FIG. 3C illustrates a modification of the protective element 888a of the second embodiment. FIG. 5B is an equivalent circuit diagram of the present modification. Please refer to FIG. 3, FIG. 3C and FIG. 5B at the same time. The protective element 888a of the present modification is similar to the protective element 888a of FIG. 3, but the main difference is that the heat generating unit 7 is disposed at a position below the central portion of the fusible conductor 8. The fusible conductor 8 includes a thin portion and a thick portion, wherein the fusible conductor 8 has a thin portion at a central portion, and the soluble conductor 8 has a thick portion at each end.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a protection element 888b according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 4 and FIG. 3 simultaneously, the protection component 888b of this embodiment and FIG. The protection element 888a is similar, but the main difference is that the protection element 888b of the embodiment further comprises an insulating substrate 10, an insulating layer 16, and a protruding portion 19c. The insulating substrate 10 has an upper surface 10a and a lower surface 10b. The heat generating element 7 is disposed on the upper surface 10a (not a sandwich structure) of the insulating substrate 10, wherein the insulating layer 16 covers the heating element 7c and is disposed between the heating element electrode 7a and the heating element 7c (of course, the heating element may be provided The electrode 7a is disposed in parallel with the heating element 7c on the upper surface 10a of the insulating substrate 10, so that the insulating layer 16 is not required. The heating body electrode 7a is coupled to the second terminal electrode 21, and the heating body electrode 7b is coupled to the third terminal electrode 31. The insulating outer casing 19 further includes a protruding portion 19c for supporting the insulating substrate 10 and reinforcing the supporting end electrodes 11, 12. Of course, the protective member of the present invention does not require the projection 19c, and the insulating substrate 10 and the terminal electrodes 11, 21 are supported by the insulating outer casing base 19a. It should be noted that the heat generating component 7 is disposed on the lower surface 10b of the insulating substrate 10 in addition to the heat generating component 7 disposed on the upper surface 10a of the insulating substrate 10 as in the present embodiment. It is shown or disposed in the insulating substrate 10 (not shown), and the insulating layer 16 is not required for the two configurations. Other related descriptions of the protection element 888b of the present embodiment are similar to those of the protection element 888a of the second embodiment, please refer to it for yourself, and no further details are provided.

FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a battery pack 588 according to an embodiment of the invention. The battery pack 588 includes a battery element 4, a charge and discharge control circuit 2, a detection control circuit 5, a switch circuit, and a protection element 888 or a protection element 888a or a protection element 888b. The battery element 4 has four battery elements 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 (but the invention is not limited thereto). The charge and discharge control circuit 2 is responsible for controlling the opening and closing of the charge and discharge currents (Ic, Id). The initial state of the switch circuit S is an open circuit, and the switch circuit S can be short-circuited or turned on according to the input signal. The detection control circuit 5 detects the voltage value or temperature value of each of the battery elements 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, and 4-4 in the battery component 4, and outputs a signal to the charge and discharge control circuit 2 or the switch circuit. S. Composite terminal electrodes 11 and 21 of the protection element 888 connected in series between the battery element 4 and the discharge control circuit 2, different charging and discharging path is formed (i.e., the current path of the current I _c and I _d) is. The charge and discharge control circuit 2 in the chargeable and dischargeable battery pack 588 of the present embodiment can turn on and off the charge and discharge current according to the signal outputted by the external charging device 1 or the electronic device 1 and the detection control circuit 5. When a current I _c higher than the rated current value flows through the fusible conductor 8 or a current I _d higher than the rated current value flows through the fusible conductor 8, the fusible conductor 8 is blown to disconnect the charging current I _c or discharge The path of the current I _d to achieve an overcurrent protection function for protecting the battery element 4 or the battery pack 588. In addition, when the detection control circuit 5 detects that any one of the battery elements 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4 is abnormal (for example, overcharge or overtemperature), a signal is sent to The switching circuit S switches the switching circuit S to a short-circuit state or an on-state, so that current can flow through the first heating element 7c. 7c by energizing the first heating member and the heat fuse the fusible conductor 8, to turn off the charge current and the discharge current I _c I _d, to achieve charging and discharging of the battery pack 588 is overcharged or over-voltage or over-temperature protection function.

Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can make some modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims, and the spirit of the scope of the claims of the present invention is similar to the changes in the scope of the present invention and the drawings. Within the scope.

888‧‧‧protective components

8‧‧‧First overcurrent protection element or fusible conductor

11, 12‧‧‧ terminal electrode

18‧‧‧ openings or holes

19‧‧‧Insulated outer casing

19a‧‧‧Insulated outer casing base

19b‧‧‧Insulated outer casing cover

Six faces of 19x1, 19x2, 19x3, 19x4, 19x5, 19x6‧‧ ‧ insulating outer casing

Claims (11)

A protective component comprising: an insulative outer casing comprising an insulative outer casing base and an insulative outer casing cover, the insulating outer casing base and the insulating outer casing cover having either an openable gas passage or a plurality of terminal electrodes, including a first end electrode and a second end electrode, the end electrodes respectively penetrating the insulating outer casing and supported by the insulating outer casing respectively; and a first overcurrent protection component disposed at the hole An insulating housing for providing a first bidirectional current path between the first end electrode and the second end electrode of the protection element, when the current between the first end electrode and the second end electrode is abnormal, The first bidirectional current path is broken. The protective element of claim 1, wherein the first overcurrent protection element comprises any one or a combination of a fusible conductor, an elastic member, a PTC, a bimetal member, a thermal fuse, and the like. The protection element of claim 2, wherein the first overcurrent protection component is a fusible conductor, the protection component further comprising a heat generating component disposed in the insulating housing, wherein the heat generating component generates heat, The first bidirectional current path is broken. The protective element of claim 3, wherein the first end of the heat generating component is electrically connected to the second terminal electrode. The protection element of claim 4, wherein the heat generating component is disposed below the second terminal electrode or disposed above an overlapping region of the soluble conductor and the second terminal electrode, the heat A first end of the generating component is coupled to the second end electrode or the fusible conductor. The protection element of claim 4, wherein the heat generating component is disposed below a central portion of the fusible conductor, and the first end of the heat generating component is electrically connected to a substantially central portion of the fusible conductor The part of the location. The protective element according to claim 5, wherein the fusible conductor has a thick portion at one end and a thin portion at the other end. The protective member according to claim 6, wherein the portion of the fusible conductor at a central portion has a thin portion, and both ends of the fusible conductor have a thick portion. The protective element according to any one of claims 5 to 8, further comprising an insulating substrate disposed in the insulating housing, wherein the heat generating component is disposed on the insulating substrate or in the insulating substrate . The protective element according to claim 1, wherein either or both of the insulating outer casing base and the insulating outer casing cover have a porous hole ceramic structure. A battery pack comprising: at least one battery component; the protective component of any one of clauses 1 to 10, wherein the composite protection component is connected in series with the at least one battery component to form at least one a charging and discharging current path; a switching circuit coupled to the second end of the at least one heating element; and a detection control circuit for detecting a voltage or a temperature of the at least one battery component, according to the detected voltage or temperature And determine the state of the switch circuit.