TW201815485A - 填充密封蓋之裝置與方法 - Google Patents
填充密封蓋之裝置與方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B05C5/0212—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles only at particular parts of the articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
本發明係關於一種用於填充密封蓋之方法且亦係關於一種用於填充密封蓋之對應自動裝置。 用於填充密封蓋之該方法包括：自動實施該等密封蓋之填充，其中藉由沿XYZ方向移動之填充單元之定位及/或固化密封蓋之定位以及該等密封蓋之填充自動發生且其中將該等固化密封蓋定位於一支撐板上。
Description
本發明提供一種用於填充密封蓋之方法且亦提供一種對應自動裝置。
在航空工業中，鉚釘或鉚釘頭通常塗佈有一密封試劑(密封劑)或在固化狀態中塗佈有一密封蓋以將其密封或保護其免受腐蝕。一般手動施加密封試劑，例如，使用由手操控之筒槍實施密封試劑。 作為此之一替代例，亦可使用由密封試劑生產但已經歷固化之密封蓋，此等蓋依一對應輪廓供應至鉚釘或鉚釘頭。接著，可進一步依以下各種方式使用此等固化密封蓋： 在一例項中，固化密封蓋可由新鮮密封劑填充且經深凍以防止密封劑發生反應。在快要使用時，解凍蓋且接著準備用於服務。然而，此方法具有以下缺點：由冷凍密封劑填充之密封蓋僅具有一有限儲存壽命，在服務之前必須先經調節，且同時伴隨形成冷凝物之一風險。另一缺點在於需要快速運輸且亦提供深凍器之物流鏈。 替代地，密封蓋亦可在其應用之前直接使用一筒槍來由密封劑手動填充，此後處理密封蓋。然而，此方法無法確保密封蓋之均勻填充，因為在此操作步驟中密封蓋無法被稱重。因此，注入量亦可能過量或不足。再者，此程序既耗時又麻煩，其需要同時處置筒槍及密封劑蓋且需要快速安裝蓋。
因此，本發明之一目的係提供一種用於填充密封蓋之方法，其不具有上文所識別之缺點。特定言之，依一省時但高品質之方式進行由密封劑填充密封蓋，其同時導致成本減少。 藉由如技術方案1之方法來達成本發明之基本目的。隨附技術方案中指定較佳實施例。 本發明之方法可用於填充已經歷固化之密封蓋。在該情況中，填充密封劑可如上文所描述般經冷凍以在一特定儲存時間之後被使用，否則亦如上文已陳述般，可在快要安裝密封蓋之前填充密封劑。較佳地，密封蓋不被冷凍，而是在快要被安裝之前被填充，藉此允許減少成本，因為無需提供深凍器且亦無需維持一冷鏈。 在本發明之用於填充密封蓋之方法中，自動實施密封蓋之填充，其中藉由沿XYZ方向移動之填充單元之定位及/或固化密封蓋之定位以及密封蓋之填充自動發生且其中將固化密封蓋定位於一支撐板上。與密封蓋之已知手動填充相比，此導致高達100%之一時間節省。 填充程序之自動化係(例如)受軟體控制，其中沿X、Y或Z方向移動定位於支撐板上之密封蓋及/或裝置之填充單元，密封劑自填充單元填充至密封蓋中。較佳地，此使用能夠沿XYZ移動之一機器人或一類似裝置來完成，從而允許自動移動支撐板以及密封蓋及/或填充單元以在正確定位上填入密封劑。 在另一較佳實施例中，本發明之方法亦可包括：在已填充密封蓋之後自動安裝密封蓋。 藉由如技術方案10之裝置來進一步達成本發明所基於之目的。 根據本發明，此種裝置或機器人包括： - 一填充單元，其被用於將密封劑填充至密封蓋中； - 一支撐板，其上定位有固化密封蓋； - 一位移單元，其可被用於較佳地藉由對應機動化來移動該填充單元及/或該支撐板；及 - 一控制單元，其被用於調控該填充單元及/或該支撐板之移動及填充，其中該位移單元及該填充單元之各者由該控制單元控制。
填充單元較佳地包括使用其來將密封劑自一對應容器壓入至密封蓋中之一擠壓單元。更特定言之，本發明所使用之裝置包括具有作為填充單元之壓縮空氣驅動器或伺服驅動器之一筒擠壓單元，且將填充有預製密封劑之筒插入至擠壓單元中，接著自筒擠出密封劑來進行填充。然而，擠壓單元亦可包括一混合容器，其中填充入來自兩個不同管線之兩種不同組分且隨後將其等混合，使得密封劑直接在填充之前被產生。 筒擠壓單元較佳地具有一伺服驅動器。在此情況中，筒填充有密封劑且藉由經由伺服驅動器控制之一活塞來壓出。尤佳地，伺服驅動器適合用於航空工業中常見之兩種不同筒大小。因此，無需一空氣輔助推壓單元，且因此可使用可壓縮密封劑(非為牛頓流體且在擠壓期間壓縮之密封劑)。 在本發明之一較佳實施例中，自動裝置係可攜帶的。在此情況中，裝置接著具有(諸如)允許快速組裝及拆卸裝置之尺寸及構形。一可攜帶裝置允許使用者直接就地組裝，使用者因此能夠無延時地將密封蓋安裝於各自鉚釘或鉚釘頭上。 若減少填充及安裝密封蓋期間所手動執行之動作，則由藉由一自動裝置(諸如(例如)一適合機器人系統)來填充所致之操作速度顯著加快亦允許提高飛機結構之循環率。 當使用一適合機器人系統時，使用密封劑來填充一密封蓋之平均時間僅為(例如) 2.5秒。與此相比，若為手動填充，則(例如)平均。 在一較佳實施例中，自動裝置(較佳為機器人)能夠將密封劑注入至由支撐板指定之配置中之密封蓋中。在此情況中，密封蓋依一自由可選配置緊固於支撐板上，支撐板上之密封蓋之此配置已預先被程式化至控制單元之軟體中，或控制單元包括(例如)一光學辨識單元，該光學辨識單元能夠在填充密封蓋期間或填充密封蓋之前判定其他密封蓋之位置且引導該等密封蓋與填充單元對應。 支撐板上之密封蓋之數目可在一寬範圍內變動且僅取決於與支撐板之大小相關之密封蓋之大小。密封蓋亦可依使得支撐板上之定位模式類似或其實對應於實際組件上之鉚釘或鉚釘頭之定位模式的一方式定位於支撐板上。此使待施加之密封蓋之正確位置更易辨識。 在一較佳實施例中，機器人能夠將密封劑依由支撐板指定之輪廓注入至密封蓋中。 待注入之密封劑之量取決於使用者需求且可根據各密封蓋之幾何形狀及鉚釘或鉚釘頭之幾何形狀來針對各密封蓋特定。在一較佳實施例中，在填充之前，將用於特定大小之密封蓋之標準量儲存於控制單元之一適合程式中。接著，自動裝置(較佳為機器人)能夠基於此等儲存資料來將各自正確量填充至密封蓋中。 因此，避免密封蓋具有過量及/或不足密封劑。同時，亦防止具有藉由混合所製備之密封劑之解凍密封蓋形成冷凝物。 較佳地，可經由裝置(較佳為機器人)上之對應調整來調整密封劑之擠壓速率或填充速率或填充時間。填充速率較佳地適合於密封劑之性質，特定言之，黏度、流變性及/或牽絲性。透過此等調整，目標係達成滿足使用者要求，特定言之，加諸於填充之表面要求，之一最佳化填充模式(密封蓋中之填充之高度及外形)。在一較佳實施例中，密封劑填充之表面具有一平坦或水平橫截面且不具有終止於一點且(例如)在填充單元自填料提起之速度不匹配密封劑之牽絲性質時形成之一仰角。 亦可藉由選擇一較快密封劑來調適密封蓋中之密封劑之固化速率，相比而言，當使用深凍密封蓋時，此似乎係不可能的。 根據一第一尤佳實施例，密封蓋係用於密封飛機結構中之接合元件之塑膠蓋，該等蓋主要由至少一高性能聚合物組成且具有至少10 kV/mm之一DIN IEC 60243擊穿強度。 此等塑膠蓋填充有具有一高能量吸收性之一密封劑且亦填充有選自由填充有氣體及/或空氣之中空填充體組成之群組之至少一填充劑。此處之塑膠蓋及密封劑彼此黏合接合。 此種功能之密封蓋免受燃料及液壓油(尤其是基於磷酸三丁酯之燃料及液壓油)及雷擊之組合損害，且可被經濟地生產且應用。 以下定義將適用於本發明： 當前參考之「高性能聚合物」係指由高化學穩定性及熱穩定性區分之均聚物及共聚物。 「主要由至少一高性能聚合物組成之塑膠蓋[...]」之概念意謂：塑膠蓋亦可包含數量小於50 wt%之其他非高性能聚合物成分。 片語「塑膠蓋及密封劑彼此黏合接合」應被理解為意謂：填入密封劑及至少一高性能聚合物不會在不受破壞之情況下彼此分離或不會在一飛機之平常操作條件下分離。 更特定言之，塑膠蓋之至少一高性能聚合物係選自由以下各者組成之群組：聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚碸(PSU)、聚苯碸(PPSU)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚醯亞胺(PI)、聚醯胺醯亞胺(PAI)、聚苯並咪唑(PBI)、聚醚醯亞胺(PEI)及聚苯硫醚(PPS)。 填充至塑膠蓋中之密封劑較佳為基於聚硫化物及/或聚硫醚之一密封劑。尤佳地，其係與作為硬化劑之二氧化錳、異氰酸酯化合物、異氰酸酯預製物及/或環氧化合物組合之聚硫化物及/或聚硫醚。 將填充有氣體及/或空氣之中空填充體用作為填充劑具有以下優點：此等物體之微孔特性賦予其一能量吸收活性。填充有氣體及/或空氣之中空填充體較佳為微氣球。 就此種密封蓋而言，由本發明實現之該種密封蓋之精確填充係極其重要的，因為排出密封劑對液壓油無耐蝕性。 根據一第二尤佳實施例，密封蓋係使用EP 2 586 537 A1中所描述之噴嘴所生產之蓋。用於施加密封劑之此等噴嘴具有呈鈴形或斗篷形之一噴嘴尖端及一長形噴嘴元件之注入側上之一夾緊環。可手動或使用自動密封劑注入機器來進行注入。 就此種密封蓋而言，由本發明實現之精確填充亦係極其重要的。
1‧‧‧用於附接支撐板之底座
2‧‧‧計量頭
3‧‧‧具有混合密封劑之筒
圖1至圖3中繪示一對應機器人之一實例。 圖1係機器人之俯視斜視圖。此圖中可看見用於緊固支撐板之機器人之底座1。 圖2係機器人之前視圖。 圖3係機器人之側視圖。在此圖中，填充單元包括具有混合密封劑之一筒3，該筒緊固於一計量頭2上。
Claims (10)
- 一種用於填充密封蓋之方法，其包括：自動填充該等密封蓋，其中藉由沿XYZ方向移動之填充單元之定位及/或固化密封蓋之定位以及該等密封蓋之填充自動發生且其中將該等固化密封蓋定位於一支撐板上。
- 如請求項1之方法，其中使用能夠沿XYZ移動之一裝置，較佳地，能夠沿XYZ移動之一機器人，來實施填充。
- 如請求項1或2之方法，其中該機器人將密封劑依由該支撐板指定之輪廓注入至該等密封蓋中。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之方法，其中在填充之前，將待針對特定密封蓋大小注入之密封劑之量儲存於控制單元之一適合程式中。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之方法，其中填充速率適合於該密封劑之性質。
- 如前述請求項中任一項之方法，其中該等密封蓋係用於密封飛機結構中之連接元件之塑膠蓋，該等蓋主要由至少一高性能聚合物組成且具有至少10 kV/mm之一DIN IEC 60243擊穿強度且填充有一密封劑，該密封劑具有高能量吸收性且亦包括選自由填充有氣體及/或空氣之中空填充體組成之群組之至少一填充劑，該等塑膠蓋及該密封劑彼此黏合接合。
- 如請求項6之方法，其中該等塑膠蓋之該至少一高性能聚合物係選自由以下各者組成之群組：聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)、聚碸(PSU)、聚苯碸(PPSU)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚醯亞胺(PI)、聚醯胺醯亞胺(PAI)、聚苯並咪唑(PBI)、聚醚醯亞胺(PEI)及聚苯硫醚(PPS)。
- 如請求項6或7之方法，其中填充至該等塑膠蓋中之該密封劑係基於聚硫化物及/或聚硫醚之一密封劑。
- 如請求項6至8中任一項之方法，其中填充有氣體及/或空氣之該等中空填充體係微氣球。
- 一種用於執行如請求項1至9中任一項之方法之裝置，該裝置包括： 一填充單元，其被用於將該密封劑填充至該密封蓋中； 一支撐板，其上定位有該等固化密封蓋； 一位移單元，其可被用於移動該填充單元及/或該支撐板；及 一控制單元，其被用於調控該填充單元及/或該支撐板之該移動及該填充。
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-
2017
- 2017-07-25 CN CN201780043845.0A patent/CN109476050A/zh active Pending
- 2017-07-25 TW TW106124979A patent/TW201815485A/zh unknown
- 2017-07-25 EP EP17748697.4A patent/EP3490770A1/de active Pending
- 2017-07-25 WO PCT/EP2017/068793 patent/WO2018019848A1/de unknown
- 2017-07-25 US US16/320,705 patent/US11460065B2/en active Active
-
2022
- 2022-06-02 US US17/830,997 patent/US20220333634A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US11460065B2 (en) | 2022-10-04 |
| US20220333634A1 (en) | 2022-10-20 |
| WO2018019848A1 (de) | 2018-02-01 |
| CN109476050A (zh) | 2019-03-15 |
| EP3490770A1 (de) | 2019-06-05 |
| US20190162223A1 (en) | 2019-05-30 |
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