TW201808593A - 用於模製和固化織物預型體的裝置和方法 - Google Patents

用於模製和固化織物預型體的裝置和方法 Download PDF

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TW201808593A
TW201808593A TW106115448A TW106115448A TW201808593A TW 201808593 A TW201808593 A TW 201808593A TW 106115448 A TW106115448 A TW 106115448A TW 106115448 A TW106115448 A TW 106115448A TW 201808593 A TW201808593 A TW 201808593A
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約瑟 菲珍布朗
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C70/443Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding and impregnating by vacuum or injection
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/02Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means
    • B29C33/06Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated heating or cooling means using radiation, e.g. electro-magnetic waves, induction heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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    • B29C33/306Exchangeable mould parts, e.g. cassette moulds, mould inserts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B29C70/342Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/44Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0811Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using induction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/16Cooling
    • B29C2035/1616Cooling using liquids

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Abstract

本發明係關於一種用於凝固/固化預浸漬有聚合物之一織物預型體的裝置,其特徵在於該裝置包含:a.無任何加熱或冷卻構件之一基質,該基質包含再現該織物預型體之形狀的一模製面以及一組裝界面;b.該預型體在該基質上之經密封裝袋;c.用以在包含該織物預型體之該裝袋內施加真空的構件;d.一熱單元,其包含用於電感加熱之構件以及一收納界面,該收納界面與該基質組裝界面合作從而定位該基質組裝界面且在該基質與該熱單元之間傳熱。

Description

用於模製和固化織物預型體的裝置和方法
本發明係關於一種用於模製和固化一織物預型體的裝置及方法。本發明屬於固化/凝固由預浸漬有熱固性或熱塑性聚合物之纖維板層之層狀結構製成的預型體之領域。
在先前技術中,構成預型體之板層以人工方式或借助於疊置機器疊置於再現待製造之零件之形狀的基質上。用於浸漬有熱固性或熱塑性聚合物之板層的疊置技術在先前技術中為吾人所知,且並不進一步描述。在疊置程序結束時,所獲得之層狀結構以及基質以密封方式裝袋於蓋板中。將真空施加至包含織物預型體之該蓋板內部,且將蓋板置放於烘箱中或高壓釜中以便在壓力下加熱由預型體、基質及袋子構成之整體至固化或凝固溫度。
高壓釜及烘箱兩者常常為製造車間中生產裝備之單個件,且在生產流程中特別是在具有熱固性基質之複合物之領域中形成瓶頸,在該生產流程處樹脂之凝固時間在樹脂可被凝固之前為有限的。另外,提昇由工具及預型體構成之整體的溫度至凝固/固化溫度使用此類構件為耗時的。
因此,已開發包含自身加熱構件的若干獨立工具。該等裝置 包含呈電阻器、油循環管道或電感器之形式的整合式加熱構件。然而,此等加熱構件在工具中之整合在機械加工方面為昂貴的。
文獻WO2015/155369描述一種用於藉由獨立加熱及可互換基質凝固/固化織物預型體的裝置。先前技術之彼裝置特別適合於製造大型零件,但在其設計中保持為複雜的以整合用於較小零件的加熱及冷卻構件,其中表面小於或等於大約1m2
本發明旨在補救先前技術之缺點,且因此係關於一種用於凝固/固化預浸漬有聚合物之織物預型體的裝置,該裝置包含:a.無任何加熱或冷卻構件之一基質,該基質包含再現該織物預型體之形狀的一模製面以及一組裝界面;b.該預型體在該基質上之經密封裝袋;c.用以在包含該織物預型體之該裝袋內施加真空的構件;d.一熱單元,其包含用於電感加熱之構件以及一收納界面,該收納界面與該基質組裝界面合作從而定位該基質組裝界面且在該基質與該熱單元之間傳熱。
因此,加熱構件不由基質攜載,此使得製造保持為簡單的。組裝界面使得有可能將同一熱單元用於複數個工具。
本發明有利地實施於下文所描述之實施例及替代例中,該等實施例及替代例可個別地或以任一技術上可操作組合來考慮。
有利地,熱單元包含冷卻構件。在更尤其適用於凝固預浸漬有熱固性樹脂之織物預型體的一個實施例中,根據本發明之裝置包含: e.一密封外殼,及用以將該外殼鎖定於該基質上之構件;f.用以提昇該密封外殼內部之壓力的構件。
有利地,根據本發明之該裝置的該熱單元包含:di.一支架,其包含該收納界面及一加熱界面;dii.一儲熱器,其使用電感加熱構件來加熱;diii.用於經由該加熱界面將熱自該儲熱器傳達至該支架的構件。
此實施例使得有可能限制待供應至熱單元之加熱構件的電功率,而與此同時受益於電感加熱的優點。
有利地,冷卻構件包含用於使支架中之傳熱流體循環的線路。
有利地,冷卻構件包含用於使傳熱流體圍繞儲熱器循環的線路。
有利地,加熱界面包含一構形薄片。因此,該構形薄片提供加熱界面處之完美機械接觸,且減小儲熱器與支架之間的熱阻。
類似地,基質組裝界面包含一構形薄片。
本發明亦關於一種用於凝固或固化預浸漬有聚合物之一織物預型體的方法,該方法在其實施例中的任一者中實施根據本發明之裝置,該方法包含以下步驟:i.將首先疊置於該基質上之該預型體裝袋;ii.將一真空施加至該裝袋內部;iii.在該熱單元上轉移該基質與該袋裝預型體;iv.藉由由加熱並冷卻該熱單元來調整該預型體之溫度而將凝固及固 化的一熱循環施加至該預型體。
在適合於凝固預浸漬有熱固性聚合物之織物預型體的實施中,根據本發明之方法在步驟(ii)與(iv)之間包含存在於增加該經密封外殼中之壓力的步驟。
本發明在下文參看圖1在其絕非限制性的較佳實施例中予以描述,從而在將裝置之所有可選特性帶至一起的一實施例中表示根據本發明之裝置的剖面圖。
圖1A展示冷卻階段,且圖1B展示加熱階段。
在此例示性實施例中,根據本發明之裝置包含基質(110),在該基質上疊置有織物預型體(100),該預型體以預浸漬有熱固性或熱塑性聚合物之纖維板層的層狀結構存在。該預型體(100)使用密封構件(121)借助於真空蓋板(120)而裝袋於基質(110)上,使得基質(110)與包含預型體(100)之真空袋之間的空間經密封。在此例示性實施例中,基質(110)包含開放至該空間中之管道(111),該等管道連接至真空泵(圖中未示)以便將真空施加至彼空間。摺疊預型體之密封外殼(130)藉由適當組裝構件(132)鎖定至基質。該外殼包含管道(132),該等管道連接至泵以便增加該外殼中之壓力。因此,包含基質(110)、裝袋構件及密封外殼之此上部總成構成獨立總成,其使得有可能實施對應於織物預型體之固化/凝固的 壓力循環。
織物預型體之熱固化/凝固循環藉由將上部總成置放於熱單元上來實現,該熱單元在此實施例中包含:- 支架(140),其由具有高熱導率之材料(例如鋁合金)製成;- 基底(150),其較佳由對於磁場通透之耐火材料(例如混凝土或陶瓷)製成;- 儲熱器(160),其由適合於電感加熱之材料製成。
基底包含一電感線路,該電感線路包含一或多個電感器(151),該一或多個電感器在製成於該基底中之凹穴中循環且連接至高頻率電流產生器,典型地在10kHz與100kHz範圍內的高頻率電流產生器。
支架(140)包含用於可冷卻該支架之傳熱流體之循環的通道(141)。基質借助於具有標準輪廓之界面連接至支架(140),使得對應於相同形狀或不同形狀之複數個上部總成可定位於熱單元上。將該基質定位於支架(140)之收納表面上的基質組裝表面有利地包含構形薄片(112)。該構形薄片(例如)硬焊於基質之組裝表面上且由展示高熱導率但可延展之材料(諸如,銅或鎳)製成,使得該構形薄片構成基質之組裝表面與支架(140)之收納表面之間的形狀之稍微差異。
在與收納側相對之側上,支架包含易於與儲熱器接觸之加熱表面。有利地,加熱表面包含構形薄片(142),其硬焊至該加熱表面及適合於補償該儲集器(160)與支架(140)之加熱表面之間的形狀之稍微差異。
在圖1A中,在不存在加熱情況下,儲集器(160)並不與加熱表面接觸。然而,該儲集器(160)然而經由電感器維持處於被稱為固 持溫度的溫度。儲集器(160)與加熱表面之間的接觸電阻為高的,且儲熱器(160)與支架(140)之間的傳熱為小的。
在圖1B中,當加熱在進展中時,儲集器之溫度增高,使得儲集器經熱膨脹且與支架(140)之加熱表面接觸。接觸電阻下降,且儲熱器將其熱傳送至支架。該儲熱器(160)並不具有根據本發明之裝置中的結構功能。
其組合物因此經選擇以最佳化其對電感加熱之回應及其將其熱傳送至支架(140)的能力。
在一個特定實施例(細節Z)中,該儲集器具有蜂巢式結構,其中每一小室(165)填充有具有潛時轉變熱的相變材料。有利地,相變材料經選擇使得其轉變溫度靠近於儲熱器之固持溫度。作為一實例,若固持溫度為約200℃,則相變材料為(例如)諸如多元醇的有機材料。若固持溫度較高,例如約400℃或更高,則相變材料為例如鹽。在此等實例中,相變材料藉由吸收潛時轉變熱而自低溫下之固態改變至較高溫度下的液態。當相變材料自高溫階段改變至低溫階段時,相變材料凝固且回饋該潛時轉變熱。當儲熱器維持於固持溫度同時保持快速加熱至加熱溫度的能力時,蜂巢式結構與相變材料之存在的組合使得有可能增加儲熱器(160)之表觀熱慣性。
基質及(因此)預型體藉由使傳熱流體在支架之通道(141)中循環而冷卻。有利地,基底(150)包含管道(152)從而圍繞儲熱器(160)供應傳熱流體以便在加熱及維持基質於需要溫度的階段之後加速冷卻至固持溫度。

Claims (10)

  1. 一種用於凝固/固化預浸漬有聚合物之一織物預型體的裝置,其特徵在於該裝置包含:a.無任何加熱或冷卻構件之一基質,該基質包含再現該織物預型體之形狀的一模製面以及一組裝界面;b.該預型體在該基質上之經密封裝袋;c.用以在包含該織物預型體之該裝袋內施加真空的構件;d.一熱單元,其包含用於電感加熱之構件以及一收納界面,該收納界面與該基質組裝界面合作從而定位該基質組裝界面且在該基質與該熱單元之間傳熱。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置,其中該熱單元包含冷卻構件。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之裝置,其包含:e.一密封外殼,及用以將該外殼鎖定於該基質上之構件;f.用以提昇該密封外殼內之壓力的構件。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項至第3項中任一項之裝置,其中該熱單元包含:di.一支架,其包含該收納界面及一加熱界面;dii.一儲熱器,其使用電感加熱構件來加熱;diii.用於經由該加熱界面將熱自該儲熱器傳達至該支架的構件。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之裝置,其中該等冷卻構件包含用於使傳熱流體在該支架中循環的一線路。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第5項之裝置,其中該等冷卻構件包含用於使傳熱流體圍繞該儲熱器循環的一線路。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第4項之裝置,其中該加熱界面包含一構形薄片。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項至第7項中任一項之裝置,其中該基質組裝界面包含一構形薄片。
  9. 一種用於凝固或固化預浸漬有聚合物之一織物預型體之方法,其實施一如前述申請專利範圍中任一項之裝置,該方法之特徵在於該方法包含以下步驟:i.將首先疊置於該基質上之該預型體裝袋;ii.將一真空施加至該裝袋之內部;iii.在該熱單元上轉移該基質與該經裝袋預型體;iv.藉由由加熱並冷卻該熱單元來調整該預型體之溫度而將凝固及固化的一熱循環施加至該預型體。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第9項之方法,其實施一如申請專利範圍第3項之裝置,該方法包含在步驟(ii)與(iv)之間的存在於使該密封外殼中之該壓力增加的一步驟。
TW106115448A 2016-05-10 2017-05-10 用於模製和固化織物預型體的裝置和方法 TWI726099B (zh)

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