TW201800360A - Hydration hardened body and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Hydration hardened body and method for manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
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- TW201800360A TW201800360A TW106117777A TW106117777A TW201800360A TW 201800360 A TW201800360 A TW 201800360A TW 106117777 A TW106117777 A TW 106117777A TW 106117777 A TW106117777 A TW 106117777A TW 201800360 A TW201800360 A TW 201800360A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/141—Slags
- C04B18/142—Steelmaking slags, converter slags
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/146—Silica fume
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
Description
本發明是有關於一種水合硬化體及其製造方法。The present invention relates to a hydrated hardened body and a manufacturing method thereof.
先前，已知混凝土（concrete）或灰泥（mortar）等水合硬化體。一般而言，水合硬化體是使混煉物硬化而獲得，所述混煉物含有天然碎石或山砂等粒度不同的骨材（細骨材及粗骨材）、水泥等藉由水合反應而硬化的黏合材、及水。Previously, hydrated hardened bodies such as concrete or mortar were known. Generally, a hydrated hardened body is obtained by hardening a kneaded material, which contains aggregates (fine aggregate and coarse aggregate), cement, and the like having different particle sizes, such as natural crushed stone or mountain sand, and the like through a hydration reaction. And hardened cement and water.
作為此種水合硬化體，已知使用含製鋼熔渣的骨材的水合硬化體（以下亦稱為「製鋼熔渣水合硬化體」）（例如參照專利文獻1），被用於港灣土木材料、路基材料等中。 製鋼熔渣是含鐵多且比重高的硬質的物質，而且具有各種粒度，因而可用作細骨材或粗骨材。於將製鋼熔渣水合硬化體用於港灣土木材料（例如消波塊或魚礁塊）的情況下，可提高其比重，因此製鋼熔渣水合硬化體可謂之適於港灣土木材料的材料。 [現有技術文獻] [專利文獻]As such a hydrated hardened body, a hydrated hardened body using a steel-containing slag-containing aggregate (hereinafter also referred to as "steel slag hydrated hardened body") is known (for example, refer to Patent Document 1), and is used for harbor civil engineering materials, Subgrade materials, etc. Steelmaking slag is a hard substance with a large amount of iron and a high specific gravity, and has various particle sizes, so it can be used as a fine aggregate or a coarse aggregate. When the steelmaking slag hydrated hardened body is used in a harbour civil engineering material (such as a wave block or a fish reef block), the specific gravity can be increased. Therefore, the steelmaking slag hydrated hardened body can be said to be a material suitable for the harbor civil engineering material. [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2006-264045號公報[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-264045
[發明所欲解決之課題] 於將水合硬化體用作例如港灣土木材料或路基材料的情況下，對水合硬化體持續且反覆施加力學應力，水合硬化體變疲勞。因此，作為重要的特性而對水合硬化體要求強度或比重等物性，並且亦要求優異的疲勞耐久性。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] When a hydrated hardened body is used as, for example, a harbour civil engineering material or a roadbed material, mechanical stress is continuously and repeatedly applied to the hydrated hardened body, and the hydrated hardened body becomes fatigued. Therefore, as important properties, physical properties such as strength and specific gravity are required for the hydrated hardened body, and excellent fatigue durability is also required.
本發明是鑒於以上方面而成，目的在於提供一種疲勞耐久性優異的水合硬化體及其製造方法。 [解決課題之手段]This invention is made | formed in view of the said point, and an object is to provide the hydration hardened | cured material excellent in fatigue durability, and its manufacturing method. [Means for solving problems]
本發明者等人為了達成所述目的而進行了努力研究，結果發現，藉由使用滿足特定條件的骨材作為含製鋼熔渣的骨材，所獲得的水合硬化體的疲勞耐久性變得良好，從而完成了本發明。The present inventors conducted diligent research in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, and as a result, they found that the fatigue durability of the hydrated hardened body obtained by using an aggregate that satisfies specific conditions as an aggregate containing steelmaking slag becomes good Thus, the present invention has been completed.
即，本發明提供以下的[1]～[6]。 [1]一種水合硬化體，其是使混煉物硬化而成，且所述混煉物含有含製鋼熔渣的骨材、藉由水合反應而硬化的黏合材、及水，所述骨材的最大尺寸為5 mm以上且60 mm以下，所述骨材的粗骨材的實積率為50體積%以上，並且所述骨材於所述水合硬化體的總容積中所佔的容積率為55體積%以上。 [2]如所述[1]所記載的水合硬化體，其中所述黏合材包含選自由高爐熔渣微粉末及波特蘭水泥（portland cement）所組成的群組中的至少一種。 [3]如所述[1]或[2]所記載的水合硬化體，其中所述黏合材包含選自由矽灰（silica fume）及飛灰（fly ash）所組成的群組中的至少一種。 [4]一種水合硬化體的製造方法，其是使混煉物硬化而獲得水合硬化體，且所述混煉物含有含製鋼熔渣的骨材、藉由水合反應而硬化的黏合材、及水，所述骨材的最大尺寸為5 mm以上且60 mm以下，所述骨材的粗骨材的實積率為50體積%以上，並且所述骨材於所述水合硬化體的總容積中所佔的容積率為55體積%以上。 [5]如所述[4]所記載的水合硬化體的製造方法，其中所述黏合材包含選自由高爐熔渣微粉末及波特蘭水泥所組成的群組中的至少一種。 [6]如所述[4]或[5]所記載的水合硬化體的製造方法，其中所述黏合材包含選自由矽灰及飛灰所組成的群組中的至少一種。 [發明的效果]That is, the present invention provides the following [1] to [6]. [1] A hydrated hardened body, which is obtained by hardening a kneaded material, and the kneaded material contains an aggregate containing steelmaking slag, an adhesive material hardened by a hydration reaction, and water, the aggregate The maximum size is 5 mm or more and 60 mm or less, the solid volume of the coarse aggregate is 50% by volume or more, and the volume ratio of the aggregate to the total volume of the hydrated hardened body It is 55 vol% or more. [2] The hydrated hardened body according to the above [1], wherein the bonding material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a blast furnace slag fine powder and a portland cement. [3] The hydrated hardened body according to the above [1] or [2], wherein the bonding material contains at least one selected from the group consisting of silica fume and fly ash . [4] A method for producing a hydrated hardened body, which comprises hardening a kneaded material to obtain a hydrated hardened body, wherein the kneaded material contains a steel material containing steel making slag, a bonding material hardened by a hydration reaction, and Water, the maximum size of the aggregate is 5 mm to 60 mm, the solid volume of the coarse aggregate of the aggregate is 50% by volume or more, and the total volume of the aggregate in the hydrated hardened body The volume ratio occupied by this is 55 vol% or more. [5] The method for producing a hydrated hardened body according to the above [4], wherein the binder includes at least one selected from the group consisting of blast furnace slag fine powder and Portland cement. [6] The method for producing a hydrated hardened body according to [4] or [5], wherein the bonding material includes at least one selected from the group consisting of silica ash and fly ash. [Effect of the invention]
根據本發明，可提供一種疲勞耐久性優異的水合硬化體及其製造方法。According to the present invention, a hydrated hardened body excellent in fatigue durability and a method for producing the same can be provided.
[水合硬化體] 本發明的水合硬化體是一種如下的水合硬化體，其是使混煉物硬化而成，且所述混煉物含有含製鋼熔渣的骨材、藉由水合反應而硬化的黏合材、及水，所述骨材的最大尺寸為5 mm以上且60 mm以下，所述骨材的粗骨材的實積率為50體積%以上，並且所述骨材於所述水合硬化體的總容積中所佔的容積率為55體積%以上。[Hydrated hardened body] The hydrated hardened body of the present invention is a hydrated hardened body which is obtained by hardening a kneaded material, and the kneaded material contains a steel material containing steelmaking slag, and is hardened by a hydration reaction. Bonding material and water, the maximum size of the aggregate is 5 mm or more and 60 mm or less, the solid volume of the coarse aggregate of the aggregate is 50% by volume or more, and the aggregate is in the hydrated state. The volume ratio of the total volume of the hardened body is 55% by volume or more.
本發明的水合硬化體的疲勞耐久性優異。關於其理由，如下所述般來考量。 關於水合硬化體，藉由反覆施加力學應力而變「疲勞」，會產生裂紋等。本發明的水合硬化體中，適當地填充有骨材，其發揮阻止裂紋的產生及發展的作用，因此推測疲勞耐久性優異。 本發明的水合硬化體由於疲勞耐久性優異，因此可較佳地用作例如港灣土木材料或路基材料。The hydrated hardened body of the present invention is excellent in fatigue durability. The reason is considered as follows. Regarding the hydrated hardened body, mechanical stress is repeatedly applied to cause "fatigue", and cracks and the like occur. The hydrated hardened body of the present invention is suitably filled with an aggregate material and exhibits a function of preventing the occurrence and development of cracks. Therefore, it is estimated that the fatigue durability is excellent. Since the hydrated hardened body of the present invention is excellent in fatigue durability, it can be preferably used as, for example, a harbor civil engineering material or a roadbed material.
以下，對本發明的水合硬化體加以說明，同時亦一併對本發明的水合硬化體的製造方法進行說明。Hereinafter, the hydrated hardened body of the present invention will be described, and a method for producing the hydrated hardened body of the present invention will also be described.
〔骨材〕 本發明中使用的骨材（以下適宜稱為「本發明的骨材」）含有製鋼熔渣。除製鋼熔渣以外，本發明的骨材亦可含有：現有公知的天然碎石、山砂；高爐緩冷熔渣、高爐水碎熔渣細骨材（例如日本工業標準（Japanese Industrial Standards，JIS）A 5011-1「混凝土用熔渣骨材-第1部：高爐熔渣骨材」中所規定者等。其中，亦可為JIS之外的物品）；混凝土用再生骨材（例如JIS A 5021「混凝土用再生骨材H」、JIS A 5022「使用再生骨材M的混凝土」、JIS A 5023「使用再生骨材L的混凝土」中所規定者等。其中，亦可為JIS之外的物品）等骨材。 就有效利用製鋼熔渣的觀點而言，本發明的骨材中，製鋼熔渣所佔的體積比例（容積比率）較佳為50體積%以上，更佳為75體積%以上，進而佳為100體積%。[Aggregate] The aggregate used in the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the aggregate of the present invention" as appropriate) contains a steelmaking slag. In addition to steelmaking slag, the aggregate of the present invention may also contain: conventionally known natural crushed stone, mountain sand; blast furnace slow-cooling slag, blast furnace water crushed slag fine aggregate (such as Japanese Industrial Standards, JIS ) A 5011-1 "Slag Aggregate for Concrete-Part 1: Blast Furnace Slag Aggregate" etc. Among them, it can also be items other than JIS); Recycled aggregate for concrete (eg JIS A 5021 "Recycled Aggregate H for Concrete", JIS A 5022 "Concrete Using Recycled Aggregate M", JIS A 5023 "Concrete Using Recycled Aggregate L", etc. Among them, it may be other than JIS Items) and other aggregates. From the viewpoint of effectively utilizing the steelmaking slag, the volume ratio (volume ratio) of the steelmaking slag in the aggregate of the present invention is preferably 50% by volume or more, more preferably 75% by volume or more, and even more preferably 100% by volume. volume%.
作為製鋼熔渣，不僅可使用轉化爐、電爐、混鐵車等中產生的熔渣，亦可使用鐵水預處理熔渣或不鏽鋼精煉時產生的含有T.Cr≧0.5質量%的熔渣等。亦可使用經蝕刻處理的製鋼熔渣，無論其蝕刻方法如何，較佳為水浸膨脹比為0.5%以下者。雖然成本變高，但亦可使用經風碎處理的製鋼熔渣作為製鋼熔渣的一部分。As steelmaking slag, not only slag generated in converter furnace, electric furnace, iron mixing car, etc., but also molten metal pretreatment slag or slag containing T.Cr ≧ 0.5% by mass generated during stainless steel refining can also be used. . It is also possible to use a steel slag which has been subjected to an etching treatment, and regardless of the etching method, the water immersion expansion ratio is preferably 0.5% or less. Although the cost becomes higher, the steel-making slag processed by wind crushing can also be used as a part of the steel-making slag.
骨材被分為細骨材與粗骨材。如JIS A 0203：2014所記載般，細骨材是全部通過10 mm的網篩，且以質量計、85%以上通過5 mm的網篩的骨材（大致為小於5 mm的骨材）。另一方面，粗骨材是以質量計、85%以上滯留於5 mm的網篩的骨材（大致為5 mm以上的骨材）。Aggregate is divided into fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. As described in JIS A 0203: 2014, fine aggregates are aggregates that have passed through a 10 mm mesh sieve and 85% by mass or more have passed through a 5 mm mesh sieve (roughly less than 5 mm aggregate). On the other hand, the coarse aggregate is an aggregate (approximately an aggregate of approximately 5 mm or more) having a mass of 85% or more retained in a 5 mm mesh screen.
＜最大尺寸＞ 本發明的骨材的最大尺寸為5 mm以上且60 mm以下。因此，本發明的骨材至少包含粗骨材。<Maximum size> The maximum size of the aggregate of the present invention is 5 mm or more and 60 mm or less. Therefore, the aggregate of the present invention contains at least coarse aggregate.
此處，所謂骨材的最大尺寸，如JIS A 0203：2014所記載般，是指以質量計、骨材的90%以上通過的篩中，尺寸最小的篩的標稱尺寸所表示的尺寸。 標稱尺寸與篩孔的孔徑的關係記載於JIS A 1102：2014、以及JIS Z 8801-1：2006、JIS Z 8801-2：2000及JIS Z 8801-3：2000中，例如，標稱尺寸40 mm對應於篩孔的孔徑37.5 mm。因此，例如，所謂最大尺寸40 mm的製鋼熔渣，是指90質量%以上通過篩孔的孔徑37.5 mm，且通過篩孔的孔徑31.5 mm者小於90質量%的製鋼熔渣。Here, the maximum size of the aggregate is a size indicated by the nominal size of the sieve having the smallest size among sieves through which 90% or more of the aggregate passes, as described in JIS A 0203: 2014. The relationship between the nominal size and the pore size of the sieve is described in JIS A 1102: 2014, and JIS Z 8801-1: 2006, JIS Z 8801-2: 2000, and JIS Z 8801-3: 2000. For example, the nominal size is 40 The mm corresponds to a pore size of 37.5 mm. Therefore, for example, the so-called steel slag having a maximum size of 40 mm refers to a steel slag having a diameter of 37.5 mm passing through a sieve hole of 90% by mass or more and a diameter of 31.5 mm passing a sieve hole of less than 90% by mass.
就本發明的水合硬化體的疲勞耐久性更優異的理由而言，本發明的骨材的最大尺寸較佳為10 mm以上且60 mm以下。For the reason that the fatigue durability of the hydrated hardened body of the present invention is more excellent, the maximum size of the aggregate of the present invention is preferably 10 mm or more and 60 mm or less.
本發明的水合硬化體亦可含有不同於本發明的骨材而最大尺寸超過60 mm的骨材。The hydrated hardened body of the present invention may contain an aggregate different from the aggregate of the present invention and having a maximum size exceeding 60 mm.
＜實積率＞ 本發明的骨材的粗骨材的實積率為50體積%以上。藉此，本發明的水合硬化體的疲勞耐久性優異。此處所規定的實積率為本發明的骨材的「粗骨材」的實積率，本發明的骨材的「細骨材」的實積率並無特別限定。<Solid Volume Ratio> The solid volume ratio of the coarse aggregate of the aggregate of the present invention is 50% by volume or more. Thereby, the hydration hardened body of this invention is excellent in fatigue durability. The solid product ratio specified here is the solid product ratio of the "crude aggregate" of the aggregate of the present invention, and the solid product ratio of the "fine aggregate" of the aggregate of the present invention is not particularly limited.
實積率記載於JIS A 1104：2006中，大致是指骨材淨重於單位容積中所佔的容積比例。The actual product ratio is described in JIS A 1104: 2006, and it roughly refers to the volume ratio of the net weight of the aggregate to the unit volume.
就本發明的水合硬化體的疲勞耐久性更優異的理由而言，本發明的骨材的粗骨材的實積率較佳為55體積%以上。 關於本發明的骨材的粗骨材的實積率，其上限並無特別限定，例如為75體積%以下，較佳為70體積%以下。For the reason that the fatigue durability of the hydrated hardened body of the present invention is more excellent, the solid product ratio of the coarse aggregate of the aggregate of the present invention is preferably 55% by volume or more. The upper limit of the solid product of the coarse aggregate of the aggregate of the present invention is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 75% by volume or less, and preferably 70% by volume or less.
＜容積率＞ 本發明的骨材於本發明的水合硬化體的總容積中所佔的容積率為55體積%以上。藉此，本發明的水合硬化體的疲勞耐久性優異。此處所規定的容積率是不僅包含粗骨材且亦包含細骨材的概念。 骨材的容積率是以如下方式算出。首先，確定構成水合硬化體的水、骨材（粗骨材及細骨材）、黏合材及空氣等材料各自的容積率。其次，藉由基於各材料的容積率及密度所計算出的調配來進行提煉試驗。於提煉後，實測水合硬化體中的空氣量（單位：體積%），算出包含骨材在內的各材料的實際的容積率。<Volume ratio> The volume ratio of the aggregate of the present invention to the total volume of the hydrated hardened body of the present invention is 55% by volume or more. Thereby, the hydration hardened body of this invention is excellent in fatigue durability. The volume ratio specified here is a concept including not only coarse aggregates but also fine aggregates. The volume ratio of the aggregate was calculated as follows. First, the volume ratios of water, aggregates (coarse aggregates and fine aggregates), bonded materials, and air constituting the hydrated hardened body are determined. Next, a refining test was performed by blending calculated based on the volume ratio and density of each material. After refining, the amount of air (unit: vol%) in the hydrated hardened body was measured to calculate the actual volume ratio of each material including the aggregate.
就本發明的水合硬化體的疲勞耐久性更優異的理由而言，本發明的骨材的容積率較佳為超過55體積%，更佳為57體積%以上。 另一方面，上限並無特別限定，例如為80體積%以下，較佳為75體積%以下。For the reason that the fatigue durability of the hydrated hardened body of the present invention is more excellent, the volume ratio of the aggregate of the present invention is preferably more than 55% by volume, and more preferably 57% by volume or more. On the other hand, the upper limit is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 80% by volume or less, and preferably 75% by volume or less.
＜細骨材率（s/a）＞ 本發明的骨材的細骨材率並無特別限定，以體積%計，例如為30%～60%，較佳為35%～55%。 所謂細骨材率是指細骨材相對於骨材的比例，亦表記為「s/a」。<Fine aggregate ratio (s / a)> The fine aggregate ratio of the aggregate of the present invention is not particularly limited, and it is, for example, 30% to 60%, preferably 35% to 55% in volume%. The so-called fine aggregate ratio refers to the ratio of the fine aggregate to the aggregate, and is also expressed as "s / a".
本發明的骨材的調配量並無特別限定，與通常的混凝土或灰泥相同即可，例如為1200 kg/m3 ～3000 kg/m3 ，較佳為1400 kg/m3 ～2500 kg/m3 。 本說明書中，「調配量」為相對於水合硬化體的單位體積（1 m3 ）的調配量（kg）（以下相同）。The blending amount of the aggregate of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be the same as that of ordinary concrete or plaster, for example, 1200 kg / m 3 to 3000 kg / m 3 , preferably 1400 kg / m 3 to 2500 kg / m 3 . In the present specification, "compounding amount" of (the same) per unit volume (1 m 3) of hydrated hardened compounding amount (kg).
〔黏合材〕 作為本發明中使用的藉由水合反應而硬化的黏合材（以下亦適宜稱為「本發明的黏合材」），並無特別限定，可使用現有公知的黏合材。 本發明的黏合材的調配量以合計來計，例如為300 kg/m3 ～800 kg/m3 ，較佳為350 kg/m3 ～700 kg/m3 。[Adhesive Material] The adhesive material used in the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as "adhesive material of the present invention") which is hardened by a hydration reaction is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known adhesive material can be used. The compounded amount of the adhesive material of the present invention is a total amount, for example, 300 kg / m 3 to 800 kg / m 3 , and preferably 350 kg / m 3 to 700 kg / m 3 .
作為本發明的黏合材，例如可較佳地列舉包含選自由高爐熔渣微粉末及波特蘭水泥所組成的群組中的至少一種的黏合材。其調配量以合計來計，例如為200 kg/m3 ～700 kg/m3 ，較佳為300 kg/m3 ～680 kg/m3 。 作為高爐熔渣微粉末，例如可列舉JIS A 6206：2013中所規定的混凝土用高爐熔渣微粉末。 作為波特蘭水泥，例如可列舉JIS R 5210：2009中所規定的波特蘭水泥。As the binder of the present invention, for example, a binder including at least one selected from the group consisting of fine powder of blast furnace slag and Portland cement can be cited. The total amount of the preparation is, for example, 200 kg / m 3 to 700 kg / m 3 , and preferably 300 kg / m 3 to 680 kg / m 3 . Examples of the fine blast furnace slag powder include fine blast furnace slag powder for concrete specified in JIS A 6206: 2013. Examples of the Portland cement include Portland cement specified in JIS R 5210: 2009.
關於本發明的黏合材，可與所述高爐熔渣微粉末等併用、或者不同於所述高爐熔渣微粉末等，而包含選自由矽灰及飛灰所組成的群組中的至少一種。其調配量以合計來計，例如為0 kg/m3 ～300 kg/m3 ，較佳為0 kg/m3 ～250 kg/m3 。 作為矽灰，例如可列舉JIS A 6207：2011中所規定的混凝土用矽灰。 作為飛灰，例如可列舉煤炭火力發電中生成的飛灰，較佳為JIS A 6201：2015中所規定的混凝土用飛灰、或飛灰原粉。The bonding material of the present invention may be used in combination with the blast furnace slag fine powder or the like, or be different from the blast furnace slag fine powder or the like, and includes at least one selected from the group consisting of silica ash and fly ash. The total amount of preparation is, for example, 0 kg / m 3 to 300 kg / m 3 , and preferably 0 kg / m 3 to 250 kg / m 3 . Examples of the silica fume include silica fume for concrete specified in JIS A 6207: 2011. Examples of the fly ash include fly ash generated in coal thermal power generation, and preferably fly ash for concrete or fly ash raw powder specified in JIS A 6201: 2015.
〔水〕 本發明中使用的水並無特別限定。水的調配量例如為100 kg/m3 ～350 kg/m3 ，較佳為120 kg/m3 ～300 kg/m3 。[Water] The water used in the present invention is not particularly limited. The water preparation amount is, for example, 100 kg / m 3 to 350 kg / m 3 , and preferably 120 kg / m 3 to 300 kg / m 3 .
〔其他成分〕 本發明中亦可進而使用其他成分。 例如，為了確保尚未凝固的水合硬化體的可加工性（workability），亦可使用混凝土中通常所使用的減水劑等摻合劑。 於使用摻合劑的情況下，其調配量例如為0 g/m3 ～10000 g/m3 ，較佳為0 g/m3 ～7000 g/m3 。[Other components] Other components may be used in the present invention. For example, in order to ensure workability of a hydrated hardened body that has not yet solidified, admixtures such as a water reducing agent generally used in concrete may be used. When a blending agent is used, the blending amount is, for example, 0 g / m 3 to 10000 g / m 3 , and preferably 0 g / m 3 to 7000 g / m 3 .
〔空氣量〕 本發明中，空氣量並無特別限定，例如以體積%計為0.5%～10%，較佳為1%～8%。[Amount of Air] In the present invention, the amount of air is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 0.5% to 10% in volume%, and preferably 1% to 8%.
〔混煉及硬化〕 本發明中，將調配所述成分所得的組成物混煉而製備混煉物，使該混煉物硬化而獲得本發明的水合硬化體。 關於獲得本發明的水合硬化體時的混煉、澆注、成形、養護等，與通常的混凝土或灰泥的情況相同即可。關於硬化亦無特別限定，於提前使其硬化的情況下，與混凝土的情況同樣地進行利用蒸氣或高壓釜的處理即可。 [實施例][Kneading and Hardening] In the present invention, a composition obtained by blending the components is kneaded to prepare a kneaded product, and the kneaded product is hardened to obtain a hydrated hardened body of the present invention. The kneading, pouring, molding, curing, etc. when obtaining the hydrated hardened body of the present invention may be the same as in the case of ordinary concrete or plaster. There is no particular limitation on the hardening. When the hardening is performed in advance, the treatment with steam or an autoclave may be performed in the same manner as in the case of concrete. [Example]
以下，列舉實施例對本發明進行具體說明。但是，本發明並不限定於該些。Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these.
＜比較例1～比較例5及發明例1～發明例15＞ 藉由下述表1的調配，使用混合機進行混煉，將混煉物成形為10 cm×10 cm×40 cm的模框。於2日後將成形物脫框，於20℃的水中養護28日，從而獲得水合硬化體。<Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 5 and Inventive Example 1 to Inventive Example 15> According to the following Table 1, kneading was performed using a mixer, and the kneaded product was formed into a mold frame of 10 cm × 10 cm × 40 cm. . After 2 days, the molded product was unframed and cured in water at 20 ° C. for 28 days to obtain a hydrated hardened body.
作為骨材，使用的是製鋼熔渣。更詳細而言，於比較例1～比較例5及發明例1～發明例8中使用的是鐵水預處理熔渣，於發明例9～發明例15中使用的是轉化爐熔渣。 作為高爐熔渣微粉末，使用的是JIS A 6206：2013中所規定的混凝土用高爐熔渣微粉末。作為波特蘭水泥，使用的是JIS R 5210：2009中所規定的普通波特蘭水泥。作為矽灰，使用的是JIS A 6207：2011中所規定的混凝土用矽灰。作為飛灰，使用的是JIS A 6201：2015中所規定的混凝土用飛灰。As the aggregate, steelmaking slag was used. More specifically, molten iron pretreatment slag was used in Comparative Examples 1 to 5 and Invention Examples 1 to 8 and reformer slag was used in Invention Examples 9 to 15. As the blast furnace slag fine powder, blast furnace slag fine powder for concrete specified in JIS A 6206: 2013 was used. As the Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement specified in JIS R 5210: 2009 was used. As the silica fume, silica fume for concrete specified in JIS A 6207: 2011 was used. As the fly ash, fly ash for concrete specified in JIS A 6201: 2015 was used.
＜疲勞耐久性的評價＞ 對於所獲得的水合硬化體，進行彎曲疲勞試驗。荷載方法設為三等分點荷載。關於荷載條件，將上限應力（應力強度比）設為藉由JIS A 1106：2006的彎曲強度試驗方法所測定出的彎曲強度的60%，將下限應力設為上限應力的5%。反覆荷載速度設為頻率7 Hz。 於此種條件下對水合硬化體進行反覆荷載，求出直至產生破壞的次數，將其設為彎曲疲勞壽命。於該次數超過1×104 次的情況下，可評價為疲勞耐久性優異。<Evaluation of Fatigue Durability> A bending fatigue test was performed on the obtained hydrated hardened body. The load method is set to three-point load. Regarding the load conditions, the upper limit stress (stress intensity ratio) was 60% of the bending strength measured by the bending strength test method of JIS A 1106: 2006, and the lower limit stress was 5% of the upper limit stress. The repeated load speed was set to a frequency of 7 Hz. Under these conditions, the hydrated hardened body was subjected to repeated loading, and the number of times until failure occurred was determined, and this was set as the bending fatigue life. When the number of times exceeds 1 × 10 4 times, it can be evaluated that the fatigue durability is excellent.
[表1]
根據所述表1及圖1所示的結果可知，（1）骨材的最大尺寸為5 mm以上且60 mm以下、（2）骨材的粗骨材的實積率為50體積%以上、（3）骨材的容積率為55體積%以上的發明例1～發明例15的疲勞耐久性良好。 若將發明例1～發明例15進行對比，則與粗骨材的實積率並非55體積%以上的發明例1～發明例4及發明例6～發明例8相比，粗骨材的實積率為55體積%以上的發明例5及發明例9～發明例15的疲勞耐久性更良好。 與此相對，不滿足所述（1）～（3）的一個以上的比較例1～比較例5的疲勞耐久性差。According to the results shown in Table 1 and FIG. 1, (1) the maximum size of the aggregate is 5 mm or more and 60 mm or less, (2) the solid volume of the coarse aggregate of the aggregate is 50% by volume or more, (3) Inventive Example 1 to Invention Example 15 having a volume ratio of 55% by volume or more of the aggregate material had good fatigue durability. Comparing Invention Example 1 to Invention Example 15, compared with Invention Example 1 to Invention Example 4 and Invention Example 6 to Invention Example 8 in which the solid product ratio of the coarse aggregate is not more than 55% by volume, Inventive Example 5 and Inventive Examples 9 to 15 having a volume ratio of 55% by volume or more had better fatigue durability. In contrast, Comparative Examples 1 to 5 which do not satisfy one or more of the above (1) to (3) have poor fatigue durability.
＜比較例6～比較例11及發明例16～發明例21＞ 藉由下述表2的調配，使用混合機進行混煉，將混煉物成形為10 cm×10 cm×40 cm的模框。於2日後將成形物脫框，於20℃的水中養護28日，從而獲得水合硬化體。<Comparative Example 6 to Comparative Example 11 and Inventive Example 16 to Inventive Example 21> The following Table 2 was used to knead using a mixer, and the kneaded product was formed into a mold frame of 10 cm × 10 cm × 40 cm. . After 2 days, the molded product was unframed and cured in water at 20 ° C. for 28 days to obtain a hydrated hardened body.
作為骨材，除使用製鋼熔渣以外，還使用天然碎石、山砂、高爐緩冷熔渣、高爐水碎熔渣細骨材及混凝土用再生骨材（以下亦僅表記為「再生骨材」）。 作為製鋼熔渣以外的骨材，更詳細而言，比較例6～比較例7及發明例16～發明例17中使用的是天然碎石及山砂，比較例8～比較例9及發明例18～發明例19中使用的是高爐緩冷熔渣及高爐水碎熔渣細骨材，比較例10～比較例11及發明例20～發明例21中使用的是混凝土用再生骨材。作為製鋼熔渣，使用的是鐵水預處理熔渣。 作為高爐熔渣微粉末，使用的是JIS A 6206：2013中所規定的混凝土用高爐熔渣微粉末。作為波特蘭水泥，使用的是JIS R 5210：2009中所規定的普通波特蘭水泥。作為飛灰，使用的是JIS A 6201：2015中所規定的混凝土用飛灰。As the aggregate, in addition to steel slag, natural crushed stone, mountain sand, blast furnace slow-cooling slag, blast furnace water crushed slag fine aggregate, and recycled aggregate for concrete (hereinafter also referred to as "recycled aggregate" "). As aggregates other than steelmaking slag, in more detail, Comparative Examples 6 to 7 and Inventive Examples 16 to 17 used natural crushed stones and mountain sand, and Comparative Examples 8 to 9 and Inventive Examples. 18 to Inventive Example 19 used blast furnace slow cooling slag and blast furnace water crushed slag fine aggregate, and Comparative Examples 10 to 11 and Inventive Examples 20 to 21 used recycled concrete for concrete. As the steelmaking slag, a molten iron pretreatment slag is used. As the blast furnace slag fine powder, blast furnace slag fine powder for concrete specified in JIS A 6206: 2013 was used. As the Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement specified in JIS R 5210: 2009 was used. As the fly ash, fly ash for concrete specified in JIS A 6201: 2015 was used.
＜疲勞耐久性的評價＞ 對於所獲得的水合硬化體，進行彎曲疲勞試驗。荷載方法設為三等分點荷載。關於荷載條件，將上限應力（應力強度比）設為藉由JIS A 1106：2006的彎曲強度試驗方法所測定出的彎曲強度的60%，將下限應力設為上限應力的5%。反覆荷載速度設為頻率7 Hz。 於此種條件下對水合硬化體進行反覆荷載，求出直至產生破壞的次數，將其設為彎曲疲勞壽命。於該次數超過1×104 次的情況下，可評價為疲勞耐久性優異。<Evaluation of Fatigue Durability> A bending fatigue test was performed on the obtained hydrated hardened body. The load method is set to three-point load. Regarding the load conditions, the upper limit stress (stress intensity ratio) was 60% of the bending strength measured by the bending strength test method of JIS A 1106: 2006, and the lower limit stress was 5% of the upper limit stress. The repeated load speed was set to a frequency of 7 Hz. Under these conditions, the hydrated hardened body was subjected to repeated loading, and the number of times until failure occurred was determined, and this was set as the bending fatigue life. When the number of times exceeds 1 × 10 4 times, it can be evaluated that the fatigue durability is excellent.
[表2]
根據所述表2所示的結果可知，（1）骨材的最大尺寸為5 mm以上且60 mm以下、（2）骨材的粗骨材的實積率為50體積%以上、（3）骨材的容積率為55體積%以上的發明例16～發明例21的疲勞耐久性良好。 與此相對，不滿足所述（1）～（3）的一個以上的比較例6～比較例11的疲勞耐久性差。From the results shown in Table 2, it can be seen that (1) the maximum size of the aggregate is 5 mm or more and 60 mm or less, (2) the solid volume of the coarse aggregate of the aggregate is 50% by volume or more, and (3) Inventive Example 16 to Invention Example 21 having a volume ratio of 55% by volume or more were excellent in fatigue durability. In contrast, Comparative Example 6 to Comparative Example 11 which do not satisfy one or more of the above (1) to (3) have poor fatigue durability.
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| CN109153611B (en) | 2022-06-24 |
| KR20210022783A (en) | 2021-03-03 |
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