TWI692461B - Regenerated concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Regenerated concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TWI692461B TWI692461B TW108123174A TW108123174A TWI692461B TW I692461 B TWI692461 B TW I692461B TW 108123174 A TW108123174 A TW 108123174A TW 108123174 A TW108123174 A TW 108123174A TW I692461 B TWI692461 B TW I692461B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/16—Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
- C04B18/167—Recycled materials, i.e. waste materials reused in the production of the same materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
Description
本發明關於一種再生混凝土,特別是一種由混凝土剩餘料所製成的再生混凝土。The invention relates to a recycled concrete, in particular to a recycled concrete made of concrete surplus.
工程數量計算誤差、天候或施工段落皆可能產生混凝土剩餘料,一般留置於預拌混凝土車或工地混凝土拌合場的混凝土剩餘料會以大量的水清洗而產生混凝土回收料,混凝土回收料已被環保局歸類為一般事業廢棄物,其含有水化過後的膠結材、粗細粒料(砂石)及大量的水,因此不易凝結硬固,其外觀如污泥一般,於後續的處理及應用皆相當困難。The engineering quantity calculation error, weather or construction section may produce surplus concrete. Generally, the surplus concrete left in the pre-mixed concrete truck or the concrete mixing plant of the construction site will be washed with a large amount of water to produce concrete reclaimed material. The Environmental Protection Agency is classified as general business waste, which contains hydrated cement, coarse and fine particles (sandstone) and a large amount of water, so it is not easy to solidify, and its appearance is like sludge. It is used in subsequent treatment and application Both are quite difficult.
本發明之目的在於提供一種再生混凝土,將難以凝結硬固的混凝土回收料作為粒料再利用,與具水化活性的膠結材拌合成再生混凝土。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a recycled concrete, which is difficult to coagulate and harden the concrete recycling material as pellets, and mix it with hydrating active cement to synthesize recycled concrete.
本發明之一種再生混凝土之製備方法,其用以將一未硬固混凝土剩餘料製成一再生混凝土,該未硬固混凝土剩餘料包含完成水化反應的一惰性膠結材、一粒料及一拌合水,其中該再生混凝土之製備方法包含:添加一水至該未硬固混凝土剩餘料中增加流動性,該未硬固混凝土剩餘料及該水混合後形成一混凝土回收料;降低該混凝土回收料含水量;以及添加具水化活性的一膠結材至該混凝土回收料中,拌合該膠結材及該混凝土回收料以形成該再生混凝土,其中該再生混凝土包含30-75 wt%的該混凝土回收料及11-44 wt%的該膠結材。The preparation method of recycled concrete of the present invention is used to make a surplus of unhardened concrete into a recycled concrete. The surplus of unhardened concrete includes an inert cement material, a granule and a mix to complete the hydration reaction Hydration, wherein the preparation method of the recycled concrete includes: adding a water to the unhardened concrete residual material to increase fluidity, the unhardened concrete residual material and the water are mixed to form a concrete recycling material; reducing the concrete recycling material Water content; and adding a cementing material with hydration activity to the concrete recycling material, mixing the cementing material and the concrete recycling material to form the recycled concrete, wherein the recycled concrete contains 30-75 wt% of the concrete recycling Material and 11-44 wt% of the cement material.
本發明之一種再生混凝土,其由一未硬固混凝土剩餘料所製成,該未硬固混凝土剩餘料包含已完成水化反應的一惰性膠結材、一粒料及一拌合水,添加一水至該未硬固混凝土剩餘料中以增加流動性,該未硬固混凝土回收料降低含水量後,與具水化活性的一膠結材拌合成一再生混凝土,其中該再生混凝土包含30-75 wt%的該混凝土回收料及11-44 wt%的該膠結材。The recycled concrete of the present invention is made of a surplus of unhardened concrete. The surplus of unhardened concrete contains an inert cement material that has completed the hydration reaction, a pellet and a mixing water, and a water is added To the remaining material of the unhardened concrete to increase the fluidity, after the water content of the unhardened concrete is reduced, it is mixed with a hydrating active cement to form a recycled concrete, wherein the recycled concrete contains 30-75 wt % Of the concrete recycled material and 11-44 wt% of the cementitious material.
請參閱第1圖,其為本發明之一較佳實施例,一種再生混凝土之製備方法10包含下列步驟:「添加水至未硬固混凝土剩餘料」11、「降低混凝土回收料含水量」12、「添加膠結材至混凝土回收料」13、「添加玻璃砂至混凝土回收料」14、「添加回收水至混凝土回收料」15,其中本發明不限制步驟13-15之順序,在其他實施例中,能以不同順序添加膠結材、玻璃砂及回收水至混凝土回收料。Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. A
本發明利用營造建築工程常見的一混凝土剩餘料製備一再生混凝土,在一實施例中,該混凝土剩餘料為留置於一混凝土攪拌裝置(預拌混凝土車或工地自設的混凝土預拌場)的一未硬固混凝土剩餘料,但本發明不以此為限制,該混凝土剩餘料可為任何營建工程中所剩下的未硬固混凝土剩餘料。The present invention uses a concrete surplus material common in construction projects to prepare a recycled concrete. In one embodiment, the concrete surplus material is left in a concrete mixing device (pre-mixed concrete truck or concrete pre-mixed yard built on site) An unhardened concrete surplus material, but the invention is not limited to this, the concrete surplus material can be any unhardened concrete surplus material left in any construction project.
該未硬固混凝土剩餘料包含已完成水化反應的一惰性膠結材、一粒料及一拌合水,該未硬固混凝土剩餘料中原有的膠結材水化過後形成該惰性膠結材,因此該惰性膠結材已不具有水化活性,其中原有的膠結材可選自由水泥、爐石粉及飛灰所組成的群組中至少一種,水泥可選自於波特蘭水泥,爐石粉為煉鋼廠水淬高爐石研磨而成之細粉,飛灰為燃煤火力發電廠之煤灰,粒料包含粗粒料(礫石或碎石)及細粒料(砂粒)。The unhardened concrete remaining material includes an inert cement material, a pellet and a mixing water that have completed the hydration reaction. The original cement material in the unhardened concrete remaining material is hydrated to form the inert cement material, so the The inert cement material has no hydration activity. The original cement material can be selected from at least one of the group consisting of cement, hearthstone powder and fly ash. The cement can be selected from Portland cement, and the hearthstone powder is steelmaking The fine powder produced by milling of water quenched blast furnace stone. Fly ash is coal ash from coal-fired power plants. Granules include coarse aggregates (gravel or crushed stone) and fine aggregates (sand).
首先,於步驟11中添加一水至該混凝土攪拌裝置中進行清洗,以增加該未硬固混凝土剩餘料的流動性,避免該未硬固混凝土剩餘料於該混凝土攪拌裝置中凝結硬固,因此該未硬固混凝土剩餘料及該水混合後可輕易自該混凝土攪拌裝置卸出而形成一混凝土回收料,該混凝土回收料的含水量大於該未硬固混凝土剩餘料,因此該混凝土回收料不易凝結硬固,若有假凝結或結塊的部份,經碾壓、振動及篩分後即可輕易排除。First, add water to the concrete mixing device for washing in step 11 to increase the fluidity of the unhardened concrete remaining material and prevent the unhardened concrete remaining material from setting and hardening in the concrete mixing device, so The unreinforced concrete remaining material and the water can be easily discharged from the concrete mixing device after mixing to form a concrete reclaimed material. The water content of the concrete reclaimed material is greater than that of the unhardened concrete remaining material, so the concrete reclaimed material is not easy to coagulate It is hard and solid, if there is a part of false condensation or agglomeration, it can be easily eliminated after rolling, vibration and screening.
接著,於步驟12中降低該混凝土回收料的含水量,較佳地,取得該混凝土回收料後,可將該混凝土回收料置放於堆置區自然沉降水分或晾乾,控制該混凝土回收料含水量於6%以下,達到外乾內飽和的狀態,且可收集自該混凝土回收料排出的水,於後續製程循環再利用,作為拌合水使用,但本發明不以此為限。Next, in step 12, the water content of the concrete reclaimed material is reduced. Preferably, after the concrete reclaimed material is obtained, the concrete reclaimed material can be placed in a stacking area to naturally settle moisture or dry to control the concrete reclaimed material The water content is below 6%, reaching the state of external dry and internal saturation, and the water discharged from the concrete recycling material can be collected, recycled in the subsequent process, and used as mixing water, but the invention is not limited to this.
在一實施例中,是將該混凝土回收料沖洗至一沈澱池,靜待該混凝土回收料沈澱後排出水分,以降低該混凝土回收量含水量,接著將該沈澱池中的泥狀物及粒料集中並運輸至回收場,根據該混凝土回收料的狀態於回收場中選擇性地進行分選、破碎或振動等處理,但本發明不以此為限制,可選擇不同方式降低該混凝土回收料含水量,回收場亦可選擇不同方式處理該混凝土回收料。In one embodiment, the concrete reclaimed material is washed to a sedimentation tank, and the water is discharged after the concrete reclaimed material is settled to reduce the water content of the concrete recovery volume, and then the mud and particles in the sedimentation tank The materials are concentrated and transported to the recycling site, and sorting, crushing, or vibration are selectively processed in the recycling site according to the state of the concrete recycling material, but the present invention is not limited to this, and different methods can be used to reduce the concrete recycling material Water content, the recycling site can also choose different ways to deal with the concrete recycling material.
降低該混凝土回收料含水量後,於步驟13中計算該混凝土回收料的重量並添加具水化活性的一膠結材至該混凝土回收料中,拌合該膠結材及該混凝土回收料以形成該再生混凝土,其中該膠結材的添加量係根據該混凝土回收料的重量進行調整,使該再生混凝土包含30-75 wt%的該混凝土回收料及11-44 wt%的該膠結材,由於該混凝土回收料中含有大量的該粒料,因此可取代天然砂石,與該膠結材拌合成該再生混凝土,該再生混凝土可作為非結構性混凝土,用以建造抗壓強度在245 kg/cm
2以下的次要結構體。
After reducing the water content of the concrete reclaimed material, in
添加至該混凝土回收料的該膠結材可選自由水泥、爐石粉及飛灰所組成的群組中至少一種,水泥可選自於波特蘭水泥,爐石粉為煉鋼廠水淬高爐石研磨而成之細粉,飛灰為燃煤火力發電廠之煤灰,較佳地,該膠結材包含4-20 wt%的水泥、4-12 wt%的爐石粉及3-12 wt%的飛灰,其中水泥、爐石粉及飛灰的比例係根據不同的抗壓強度及工作性進行調整,本發明不以此為限制。The cement material added to the concrete recycling material can be selected from at least one of the group consisting of cement, kiln stone powder and fly ash. The cement can be selected from Portland cement. The kiln stone powder is water quenched blast furnace stone grinding in steel mills The resulting fine powder, fly ash is coal ash from coal-fired thermal power plants. Preferably, the cement material contains 4-20 wt% cement, 4-12 wt% hearthstone powder, and 3-12 wt% fly ash Ash, in which the ratio of cement, furnace powder and fly ash is adjusted according to different compressive strength and workability, the invention is not limited thereto.
為了避免發生坍損或乾縮現象,在一實施例中,於步驟14中添加一玻璃砂至該混凝土回收料中,拌合該膠結材、該混凝土回收料及該玻璃砂以形成該再生混凝土,較佳地,該玻璃砂為廢棄玻璃細料,粒徑介於30 μm-10 mm之間,因其惰性及高穩定性可抑制該再生混凝土的變異行為,亦可提高該再生混凝土硬固後的抗壓強度,較佳地,該再生混凝土包含10-25 wt%的該玻璃砂。In order to avoid collapse or dry shrinkage, in one embodiment, a glass sand is added to the concrete recycling material in
根據不同需求,可於步驟15中添加一回收水至該混凝土回收料中調整工作性,拌合該膠結材、該混凝土回收料及該回收水以形成該再生混凝土,該回收水為降低該混凝土回收料含水量時回收的水,使用該回收水拌合該膠結材及該混凝土回收料可避免污染環境,亦可達到廢水重複再利用的目標,在其他實施例中,可使用其他來源的水拌合該膠結材及該混凝土回收料,如自來水或地下水,本發明不以此為限制。According to different requirements, a recycled water can be added to the concrete recycling material in
請參閱表1,其為該再生混凝土之不同成份配比,包含混凝土回收料、水泥、爐石粉、飛灰、玻璃砂及水,本發明係根據不同工程需求調整該膠結材(水泥、爐石粉及飛灰)添加量,使該再生混凝土之抗壓強度介於20-245 kg/cm
2之間。
-表1-
請參閱表2,其為上述再生混凝土的成份重量百分比(wt%)。
-表2-
請參閱表3,其為上述再生混凝土於養護齡期3、7及28天時測得的抗壓強度(kg/cm
2),由抗壓強度測試結果可得知,本發明之該再生混凝土屬於低強度混凝土,其抗壓強度大多不大於245 kg/cm
2。
-表3-
該混凝土回收料中含有大量的粗細粒料,在天然砂石逐漸匱乏之際,本案將該混凝土回收料作為粒料再利用,與該膠結材拌合成該再生混凝土,以達到廢棄物減量及循環再利用的目的,且可藉由該膠結材的添加量調整該再生混凝土的抗壓強度,該再生混凝土屬於低強度混凝土,可作為建造次要結構體的混凝土用料,如營建工程中的非主要結構,水溝、擋土牆、圍牆、連續壁開挖前的導溝鋪面、大樓設計結構平衡的載重混凝土、管溝工程回填(CLSM)、紐澤西護欄等,或其它臨時性、假設工程及預鑄形式的次要結構體。The concrete recycling material contains a large amount of coarse and fine particles. When natural sand and stone are gradually lacking, the concrete recycling material is reused as pellets and mixed with the cementitious material to synthesize the recycled concrete to achieve waste reduction and recycling. The purpose of recycling, and the compressive strength of the recycled concrete can be adjusted by the amount of the cement material added. The recycled concrete is a low-strength concrete and can be used as a concrete material for the construction of secondary structures, such as non-construction in construction projects. Main structures, gutters, retaining walls, fences, ditches pavement before continuous wall excavation, load-bearing concrete with balanced structural design of the building, pipe trench engineering backfill (CLSM), New Jersey fence, etc., or other temporary, hypothetical The secondary structure in the form of engineering and stamping.
本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準,任何熟知此項技藝者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內所作之任何變化與修改,均屬於本發明之保護範圍。The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope defined in the attached patent application. Any changes and modifications made by those who are familiar with this skill without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. .
10:再生混凝土之製備方法10: Preparation method of recycled concrete
11:添加水至未硬固混凝土剩餘料 11: Add water to the remaining material of unhardened concrete
12:降低混凝土回收料含水量12: Reduce the water content of the recycled concrete
13:添加膠結材至混凝土回收料 13: Add cement to the recycled concrete
14:添加玻璃砂至混凝土回收料14: Add glass sand to the recycled concrete
15:添加回收水至混凝土回收料 15: Add recycled water to concrete recycling material
第1圖:依據本發明之一較佳實施例,一種再生混凝土之製備方法流程圖。Figure 1: A flow chart of a method for preparing recycled concrete according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
10:再生混凝土之製備方法 10: Preparation method of recycled concrete
11:添加水至未硬固混凝土剩餘料 11: Add water to the remaining material of unhardened concrete
12:降低混凝土回收料含水量 12: Reduce the water content of the recycled concrete
13:添加膠結材至混凝土回收料 13: Add cement to the recycled concrete
14:添加玻璃砂至混凝土回收料 14: Add glass sand to the recycled concrete
15:添加回收水至混凝土回收料 15: Add recycled water to concrete recycling material
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