TW201726214A - A 3D jigsaw puzzle with layout jigsaw puzzle and method - Google Patents

Abstract

A visual representation of something that cannot be seen with the naked eye helps students grasp the concept of molecular structure. Building a 3D model has never been this easy. This invention proposes a novel 3D model jigsaw puzzle that is safe, easy to stitch and reusable. In addition to classroom models, this invention also designed a set of lesson plans, which include the crystal structure, carbon nanotube, fullerenes, polyhedron, etc. Each lesson includes a small quiz to be given to students after the lesson, so that they can transfer knowledge about the model to knowledge about the actual molecular structure, thus showing them how models aid real-world science and industry.

Description

Three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle and plane layout device and puzzle method

The invention relates to a three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle board and related puzzle device and puzzle method; in particular, a toy for making a three-dimensional puzzle such as a carbon nanotube model, a fullerene model, a spherical surface and a spherical surface, the puzzle is a polygon The male and female buckles are fastened to each other. The related puzzle device is a flat layout device, which is used to assist in splicing 3D puzzles, and is a device for simplifying the 3D puzzle problem into a 2D problem.

The conventional technique of the first example is a plane puzzle in which the contour of the puzzle is used to engage the convex portion to the concave portion of the adjacent puzzle. As shown in Fig. 1, 11, 12, 13, and 14, four flat puzzles, the convex portion 121 of the puzzle 12 is snapped into the concave portion 112 of the puzzle 11, and the convex portion 131 of the puzzle 13 is snapped into the puzzle 12 The concave portion 122, the convex portion 141 of the puzzle board 14 is engaged with the concave portion 132 of the puzzle board 13, and the convex portion 111 of the puzzle board 11 is engaged with the concave portion 142 of the puzzle board 14. Each puzzle is flat and the finished puzzle is a flat surface. This type of puzzle is most common, picking up any piece of puzzle stitching from the scattered puzzles of shapes and patterns associated with the stitching. Such as the US patent technology [1].

The conventional technique of the second example belongs to an arc-shaped three-dimensional puzzle, and the splicing method basically The plane puzzles are the same; the difference is that each puzzle of the plane puzzle is flat, while the three-dimensional puzzle is arc-shaped. The puzzle is usually a spherical surface (as shown in Figure 2) or other hollow solid surfaces. This type is the most common three-dimensional puzzle, and this kind of puzzle is the same as the mosaic method of the flat puzzle. It is a puzzle piece that picks up any shape and pattern related to the splicing in a pile of puzzles. The rules of splicing are simple, suitable for both young and old, and pleasant puzzles; but this type of three-dimensional puzzle, like the flat puzzle, has only one result, lack of change and extensibility. Such as the US patent technology [2].

The conventional technique of the third example belongs to a three-dimensional geometric puzzle. Unlike the second example three-dimensional puzzle, the puzzle of the second example of the prior art is an irregular shape; each of the puzzles is a regular polygon. A hollow three-dimensional geometric surface is formed, such as the U.S. patent technology [3]. When splicing, the convex edge is joined to the concave edge of the adjacent puzzle board, and the two convex hemispherical surfaces of the convex edge are used to engage the two concave hemispherical surfaces. The puzzle 3 as shown in Fig. 3 is a triangular puzzle picture, one side of the three sides is a convex side 31, two sides are concave sides 32, and the main feature of the convex side 31 is that there are two convex hemispherical surfaces 311. The main feature of the concave edge 32 is that there are two concave hemispherical surfaces 322.

The conventional technique of the fourth example is basically similar to the conventional technique of the third example. The puzzle is also a regular polygon; unlike the third example, there are two (and above) joints on each side of the polygon. As shown in Figure 4. The puzzle board 4 in the figure is a quadrangular shape, and each side has two joint portion protrusions 41 and a portion recess 42. The main feature of each portion of the protrusions 41 is that there are two convex hemispherical surfaces 411, and each portion is concave 42. The main feature is that there are 2 concave hemispheres.

The conventional technique of the fifth example belongs to a three-dimensional geometric puzzle, which is basically similar to the fourth conventional technique. The puzzle is also a regular polygon, and each side of the polygonal puzzle has more than two joints; different It is the style of the joint, as shown in Figure 5. The figure shows that one side 51 of one puzzle piece is joined to one side 52 of the other puzzle piece, and the spherical surface 5111 of the convex part 511 is The spherical surface 5211 of the partial convex 521 is respectively engaged with the concave surface 5222 of the portion concave 522 and the concave surface 5122 of the partial concave 512. Such as the US patent technology [4].

The conventional technique of the sixth example belongs to a three-dimensional geometric puzzle, which is basically similar to the conventional techniques of the fourth and fifth examples. The puzzle is also a regular polygon, and each side of the polygonal puzzle has more than two joints. Part; the difference is the style of the joint, as shown in Figure 6. The figure shows a pentagon puzzle board 6 which is joined by a devil's felt, each side having more than two part hooks 61 and a part felt 62; the part hook 61 has a plurality of hooks 611 for abutting The parts of the puzzle are felted and connected. Such as the US patent technology [5].

The conventional technique of the seventh example belongs to a three-dimensional geometric puzzle, which is basically similar to the conventional techniques of the fourth, fifth, and sixth examples. The puzzle is also a regular polygon, and each side of the polygonal puzzle has two More than one joint; the difference is the style of the joint, as shown in Figure 7. In the figure, when a pentagon puzzle 71 and a hexagonal puzzle 72 are joined, the convex portion 711 of the puzzle 71 is caught in the concave portion 722 of the puzzle 72 portion. The pentagon puzzle 71 has five partial projections 711; the puzzle 72 has five partial projections 721 and one partial recess 722. Such as the Republic of China patent technology [6].

The conventional technique of the eighth example belongs to a three-dimensional geometric puzzle, which is basically similar to the conventional techniques of the fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh examples. The puzzle is also a regular polygon, and each of the polygonal puzzles There are more than two joints on one side; the difference is that the principle of joining is to join by magnets, as shown in Figure 8. The figure shows two triangular puzzles, with the magnet N pole and magnet S and the suction diagram. Such as the US patent technology [7].

The conventional technique of the ninth example is basically similar to the conventional technique of the eighth example, and is also joined by the opposite phase suction of a magnet, as shown in Fig. 9; the difference between the two is that the polarity of the magnet of the eighth conventional technique is on the left and the right sides. The magnetic polarity of the ninth conventional technique is on the upper and lower sides. If the polarity of the magnet is called The puzzle, shown in Fig. 9, is a case where an NSSSS (view clockwise) puzzle 91 and an SNNNN puzzle 92 are engaged. When the polarity of the puzzle board is engaged on the upper and lower sides, the angle of the adjacent two puzzle pieces may be an arbitrary value. As shown in FIG. 10, the magnet 1011 of the puzzle board 101 and the magnet 1022 of the puzzle board 102 are engaged. . This type of puzzle can be joined into a variety of hollow three-dimensional geometric surfaces, which are more versatile and extensible. Such as the US patent technology [8].

references

[1] Patent Document US 5842697

[2] Patent Document US 7523938 B2

[3] Patent Document US 7156392 B2

[4] Patent Literature US 4309852

[5] Patent Literature US 4836787

[6] Republic of China New Patent Certificate No. M 382152

[7] Patent Literature US 3998004

[8] Patent Literature US 45411262

The three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle board of the invention is a soft puzzle board made of materials such as plastic and cardboard, which are spliced in a splicing manner. Insert the round hole into the round hole, or the round hole into the square hole, or the square hole into the round hole, or the square hole into the square hole. As shown in Fig. 11, the circular puzzle is inserted into the circular puzzle of the circular hole, and the triangular puzzle 131 is inserted into the hexagonal puzzle plate 061 with the two circular turns 1311 on one side thereof. Two circular holes 0612 on one side; the pentagon puzzle 156 is inserted into the two circular holes 0612 on one side of the hexagonal puzzle board 061 with the two circular turns 1561 on one side. As shown in Fig. 12, the triangular puzzle board 131 is inserted into the square hole of the hexagonal puzzle board 061 with two round holes 1311 on one side of the hexagonal puzzle board 061; the pentagon puzzle The plate 156 is snapped into the two square holes 0612 on one side of the hexagonal puzzle board 061 with the two circular turns 1561 on one side thereof. As shown in Fig. 13, the square puzzle board is inserted into the square hole of the puzzle piece, and the triangular puzzle board 131 is inserted into the two square holes 0612 on one side of the hexagonal puzzle board 061 by the two squares 1311 of one side; the pentagon puzzle The plate 156 is snapped into the two square holes 0612 on one side of the hexagonal puzzle board 061 with the two squares 1561 on one side thereof. As shown in Fig. 14, the square puzzle board is inserted into the square hole of the puzzle piece, and the triangular puzzle board 131 is inserted into the two square holes 0612 on one side of the hexagonal puzzle board 061 by the two squares 1311 of one side; the pentagon puzzle The plate 156 is snapped into the two square holes 0612 on one side of the hexagonal puzzle board 061 with the two squares 1561 on one side thereof. The puzzle board of the present invention is not limited to a triangle, a pentagon or a hexagon, and the polygon puzzle may be a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, an octagon, a hexagon or a decagon, and ten One-sided, twelve-sided. . . Wait.

The above-mentioned conventional techniques and the stereoscopic jigsaw puzzle of the present invention can be combined to form a hollow three-dimensional geometric surface. Although the number of joint patterns and joints or the principle are not the same, each side can be summarized into two attributes. According to the present invention, the convex portion of the third and seventh examples of the prior art, the convex hemispherical surface of the fourth example of the prior art, the convex spherical surface of the fifth example of the prior art, and the devil's felt portion of the sixth example of the prior art are The magnet N poles of the eighth and ninth examples of the prior art are summarized as the attribute k; the concave side of the third and seventh examples of the prior art, the concave hemisphere of the fourth example of the prior art, and the prior art The concave spherical surface of 5 cases, the devil felt part felt of the 6th example of the prior art, the magnet S of the 8th and 9th examples of the prior art are summarized as the attribute b, as shown in Fig. 15. For a polygonal puzzle that can form a hollow three-dimensional geometric surface, the puzzle has a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, a heptagon, an octagon, and a nine-sided Shape, decagon. . . Wait. The triangle puzzles are classified into four types according to the attributes summarized by the present invention, namely kkk, kkb, bkb and bbb; the quadrilateral puzzles are classified into six types, namely kkkk, kkbk, kkbb, bkbb, bbbb, kbkb; and so on. As shown in Figure 16. For the magnet puzzle piece of the ninth example of the prior art, it is a double-sided puzzle board, and after the kkb is turned over, it becomes a bbk, so there are only two kinds of triangular puzzle pieces of this type of puzzle, namely kkk, kkb; quadrilateral The puzzles are classified into four types, namely kkkk, kkbk, kkbb, kbkb; and so on.

For a puzzle piece that can form a hollow three-dimensional geometric surface, for example, a regular tetrahedron is formed, and the regular tetrahedron is formed by splicing four triangular puzzle pieces, as shown in FIG. In the figure, the right side is the triangular plate bkb, the left side is the triangular plate kbb, and the back is the triangular plate kkk. What is the attribute of the bottom triangular plate? How to spell out a 3D geometric surface in a given polygon puzzle? Given a three-dimensional geometric surface, which polygon puzzles can be used to make it? These problems are mathematical problems and can also be considered games. The present invention is a game for solving these three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle problems with a planar layout puzzle. Based on the opposite-phase attraction or the concave-convex fit, the property of the bottom triangle can be solved as bkb. The three-dimensional geometric surface of the tetrahedron is developed with the bottom surface as the center to form a pattern as shown in Fig. 18(a); after combining the puzzles of all known properties, the top view can be obtained as shown in Fig. 18(b). The graphics, the attributes of the bottom triangle puzzle are marked on the outside; if the attribute k is marked with "●" and the attribute b is marked with "○", the figure as shown in Fig. 18(c) can be obtained. Regarding a regular 12-faced body which is assembled by 12 pentagon puzzles, the pattern as shown in Fig. 19 can be obtained by this method.

The flat layout puzzle device of the present invention is made of plastic or cardboard, but is not limited to the two materials. The puzzle is at least three sides of the polygon, and each side of the puzzle has its own attribute mark, "●" Or "○" as shown in Figure 20.

The three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle of the present invention, the puzzle board has at least three sides of a polygon, and each side of the puzzle board has at least one 榫 or hole, as shown in Fig. 21A, which is adjacent to the already finished product. An auxiliary view of the junction of the two puzzle pieces. The figure shows the attribute k (榫) of the puzzle 151, and the appearance of the attribute b (hole) of the puzzle 051. The edges of all the two adjacent puzzles are all inserted into the hole.

The significance of the invention: First, for puzzles without patterns, such as flowers, birds, beasts, maps, landscapes, etc.; when the number of puzzles is large, for example, more than 100 pieces, it is difficult to complete this type by random stitching or trial and error. The three-dimensional geometric surface must be laid out before splicing; the layout method is to utilize the planar layout puzzle device of the present invention. Second, the concept of mathematical geometry is hidden in two jigsaw puzzles; the game establishes the connection from plane to stereo, and is fun and entertaining.

061‧‧‧Central Hexagon 1st Piece

131‧‧‧1st circle triangle 1st puzzle

156‧‧‧1st pentagon 6th puzzle

261‧‧‧The second round of the hexagonal first puzzle

361‧‧‧3rd Circle Hexagon 1st Piece

1nn1‧‧‧1st circle n-poly n-th three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle board buckle, N pole or flat Black spots for face layout puzzle

1nn2‧‧‧1st circle n-th n-th 3D geometric surface puzzle board, white point of S-pole or flat layout puzzle

k‧‧‧Draws from three-dimensional geometric surface puzzles, N-poles or flat layout puzzles

b‧‧‧White point of the 3D geometric surface puzzle board, S pole or plane layout puzzle

Figure 1 is a conventional flat puzzle.

Figure 2 is a conventional three-dimensional puzzle.

Figure 3 is a conventional 3D geometric surface puzzle.

Figure 4 is a conventional 3D geometric surface puzzle 2 .

Figure 5 is a conventional 3D geometric surface puzzle.

Figure 6 is a conventional 3D geometric surface puzzle 4 .

Figure 7 is a conventional 3D geometric surface puzzle.

Figure 8 is a conventional 3D geometric surface puzzle.

Figure 9 is a conventional 3D geometric surface puzzle.

Figure 10 is an illustration of a conventional three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle stitching regular dodecahedron.

Figure 11 is a diagram of a three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a 2D geometric surface puzzle of the present invention 2.

Figure 13 is a 3D geometric surface puzzle of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a 4D geometric surface puzzle of the present invention.

Figure 15 is an illustration of the three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle of the present invention indicated by the symbols k and b.

Figure 16 is a view of the category of the three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle of the present invention.

Figure 17 is a diagram 1 illustrating the planarization of a three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle of the present invention.

Figure 18 is a diagram 2 illustrating the planarization of a three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle of the present invention.

Figure 19 is a diagram 3 of the present invention for planarizing a three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle.

Figure 20 is a plan layout puzzle device of the present invention.

Figure 21 is a completed view of the dodecahedron of the three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle of the present invention.

Example 1 - Plane Layout Puzzle

The planar layout puzzle of the present invention for solving the three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle problem is shown in Fig. 20, which is a specific related device of Fig. 19. For the common common flat or three-dimensional puzzles, there are outlines and puzzles for painting (flowers, birds, beasts, maps, landscapes, etc.). The puzzles are based on the contours of the puzzles and the connection of the paintings. It is the first example and the second example of the prior art; however, for the puzzles in which the polygons are not painted, the third to the ninth examples are as in the prior art. And the three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle board of the invention, especially when the number of puzzle pieces is large, is difficult to complete by trial and error. The layout puzzle can be made of cardboard or plastic panels or other suitable materials, and the puzzles are all n-polygons. The n-poly puzzle has n sides and has n sub- (white or black) patterns. The sunspot "●" pattern represents the convex shape of the third and seventh examples of the prior art, the convex hemisphere of the fourth example of the prior art, the convex spherical surface of the fifth example of the prior art, and the devil felt of the sixth example of the prior art. Part hook, the magnetic N pole of the eighth and ninth examples of the prior art, and the 拼图 of the puzzle of the present invention; and the white "○" pattern represents the concave edge of the third and seventh examples of the prior art, the prior art 4 concave concave hemispheres, concave spherical surface of the 5th example of the prior art, devil felt felt of the 6th example of the prior art, magnets S of the 8th and 9th examples of the prior art, holes of the puzzle of the present invention . This planar layout puzzle device planarizes the three-dimensional geometric surface, making it easy for the puzzler to use the layout in advance. For a spliced tetrahedron, there are a total of 4 for this device; for a spliced hexahedron, there are a total of 6 for this device; for a spliced octahedron, there are a total of 8 for this device; and so on. Taking a mosaic dodecahedron as an example, the device has a total of 12 pieces, 1 outer frame 351 plus 11 puzzle pieces 051, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 251, 252, 253, 254 and 255. This device is designed to solve the three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle, so the attribute pattern on the puzzle must be compared. The rule of the flat layout puzzle is that the colors are different and can be paired, that is, the sunspots are white. For example, in the figure, five sides of the pentagon puzzle 051 have five whites 0512, and the attribute is "white and white", and the blacks 1511 of the upper pentagon puzzle 151, the blacks 1521 of the pentagon puzzle 152, and the sunspot of the pentagon puzzle 153, respectively. 1531, the black box 1541 of the pentagon puzzle board 154, the black box 1551 of the pentagonal puzzle board 155; the pentagon puzzle board 254 in the figure has the attribute "white black black and white black", wherein the white son 2542 pairs the black ridge 1541 of the upper pentagon puzzle board 154 and the pair of black children 2541 The whites 1532 and the blacks 2541 of the upper pentagon puzzle 153 are opposite to the whites 2532 of the upper pentagon puzzle 253, the blacks 3151 of the upper outer frame 351, and the whites 2552 of the upper pentagon puzzle 255.

Example 2 - 3D Geometric Surface Puzzle

After the layout puzzle is completed, the 12 puzzles of the 3D geometric surface puzzle and the 12 layout puzzles are in contrast, so it can be used as the basis for splicing the 3D geometric surface. Take out a piece of bbbbb (the "white and white" of the plane layout puzzle) with the pentagon puzzle 051 as the center, and then take bkbkk (the "white black and white black" against the plane layout puzzle, the following analogy) pentagon puzzle 151, bbkkk pentagon puzzle 152, bbbkk pentagonal puzzle board 153, kkkkk pentagonal puzzle board 154, bbbbk pentagon puzzle board 155, as shown in Figure 21 (front), according to the layout of the plane layout of the puzzle position; in the same way, the back part, take out a piece of kkkkk pentagon puzzle The board 351 (ie, the outer frame 351) is centered, and then the bbkkk pentagonal puzzle board 251, the bbbbb pentagonal puzzle board 252, the bkbk pentagonal puzzle board 253, the bkbkk pentagonal puzzle board 254, the bbbkk pentagonal puzzle board 255, as shown in Fig. 21 (back side). As shown, the three-dimensional geometric surface of a dodecahedron can be completed by sequentially splicing the position of the plane layout puzzle.

051‧‧‧ Middle Pentagon Puzzle

0512‧‧‧White dots on the middle pentagon puzzle

151‧‧‧1st pentagon first piece puzzle

1511‧‧‧Black dots on the first lap of the first lap of the pentagon

152‧‧‧1st pentagon 2nd puzzle

1521‧‧‧Black dots on the first lap of the pentagon puzzle

153‧‧‧1st pentagon 3rd puzzle

1531‧‧‧Black dots on the first lap of the fifth pentagon puzzle

1532‧‧‧1st circle of pentagons on the 3rd piece of the puzzle

154‧‧‧1st pentagon, 4th puzzle

1541‧‧‧Black dots on the first lap of the fifth pentagon puzzle

155‧‧‧1st pentagon 5th puzzle

1551‧‧‧Black dots on the fifth pentagon on the first lap

251‧‧‧2nd pentagon first piece puzzle

252‧‧‧2nd pentagon 2nd puzzle

253‧‧‧2nd pentagon 3rd puzzle

2532‧‧‧The second point of the pentagon on the third piece of the puzzle

254‧‧‧2nd pentagon 4th puzzle

2541‧‧‧Black dots on the 4th pentagon on the 4th puzzle

2542‧‧‧The second point of the pentagon on the fourth piece of the puzzle

255‧‧‧2nd pentagon 5th puzzle

2552‧‧‧White dots on the 5th pentagon on the 5th puzzle

351‧‧‧Front frame

3511‧‧‧Black spots on the outer frame

Claims (3)

A three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle comprising at least one puzzle piece, each puzzle piece comprising at least one main body, the main body comprising at least one cymbal and one hole, wherein: the main body is a polygon, wherein: 榫, is a square 榫, a circle榫 or other shapes of 榫, where: holes, square holes, round holes or other shapes of holes. The puzzle method is connected by splicing, and the adjacent puzzle pieces are overlapped by the edge. When the lap joint is made, the round 榫 is inserted into the square hole, or the round 榫 is inserted into the round hole, or the square 榫 is inserted into the square hole, or the square 榫 is inserted into the square hole, or the square 榫 is inserted into the circle. Holes, or other geometric shapes, are snapped into holes of other geometries. A planar layout puzzle comprising at least one puzzle piece; the main feature of the puzzle is that the spatial line of the three-dimensional geometric surface can be flattened so that the spatial lines do not overlap visually; the secondary features are shapes and patterns, and the shape of the puzzle is Polygon, the splicing game rule is to point to a white point with black dots, but is not limited to the two colors or points of black and white. According to the further splicing game of the second application of the patent scope, the plane layout puzzle is used to solve the splicing game problem of the three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle of the patent application scope item 1, and is applicable to other conventional techniques for the splicing game of the three-dimensional geometric surface puzzle. problem.