TW201605772A - Control of ammonia feed for ammoxidation reactor - Google Patents
Control of ammonia feed for ammoxidation reactor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
提供了一種用於控制提供至氨氧化反應器的氨和/空氣的量的過程。更具體而言,該過程包括保持急冷水底部的pH並且調整反應器進料中的氨量來在反應器進料中提供大約1至大約2的氨與烴之比。此外,該過程可包括調整反應器進料中的空氣量,以在反應器進料中提供大約9至大約10的空氣與烴之比。 A process for controlling the amount of ammonia and/or air provided to an ammoxidation reactor is provided. More specifically, the process includes maintaining the pH of the bottom of the quench water and adjusting the amount of ammonia in the reactor feed to provide an ammonia to hydrocarbon ratio of from about 1 to about 2 in the reactor feed. Additionally, the process can include adjusting the amount of air in the reactor feed to provide a ratio of air to hydrocarbon of from about 9 to about 10 in the reactor feed.
在丙烯腈的商業製造中,丙烯、氨和氧根據以下反應流程一起反應:CH2=CH-CH3+NH3+3/2O2→CH2=CH-CN+3H2O In the commercial manufacture of acrylonitrile, propylene, ammonia and oxygen are reacted together according to the following reaction scheme: CH 2 =CH-CH 3 +NH 3 +3/2O 2 →CH 2 =CH-CN+3H 2 O
通常稱為氨氧化的該過程在存在適合的流化床氨氧化催化劑的情況下在升高的溫度(例如,350℃至480℃)下以氣相執行。 This process, commonly referred to as ammoxidation, is carried out in the gas phase at elevated temperatures (e.g., 350 ° C to 480 ° C) in the presence of a suitable fluidized bed ammoxidation catalyst.
圖1示出了用於執行該過程的典型的丙烯腈反應器。如這裡所示,反應器10包括反應器外殼12、空氣格柵14、進料噴灑器16、冷卻盤管18和旋風分離器(cyclone)20。在正常操作期間,過程空氣穿過空氣入口22充入反應器10 中,同時,來自丙烯入口34和氨入口36的丙烯和氨的混合物通過給送噴灑器16充入反應器10中。這些進氣的流速高到足以使反應器內部中的氨氧化催化劑床24流化,在該處發生丙烯和氨的成為丙烯腈的催化氨氧化反應。 Figure 1 shows a typical acrylonitrile reactor for carrying out the process. As shown here, reactor 10 includes a reactor housing 12, an air grill 14, a feed sprinkler 16, a cooling coil 18, and a cyclone 20. Process air is charged into reactor 10 through air inlet 22 during normal operation At the same time, a mixture of propylene and ammonia from the propylene inlet 34 and the ammonia inlet 36 is charged into the reactor 10 by means of a feed sprinkler 16. The flow rate of these feeds is high enough to fluidize the ammonia oxidation catalyst bed 24 in the interior of the reactor where catalytic ammoxidation of propylene and ammonia to acrylonitrile occurs.
反應氣體穿過反應器流出物出口26離開反應器10。在這樣做之前,它們行進穿過旋風分離器20,旋風分離器20移除這些氣體可夾帶的任何氨氧化催化劑,以用於穿過浸入管25送回到催化劑床24。氨氧化是極為發熱的,且冷卻盤管18用於回收餘熱,且因此將反應溫度保持在適當的水準。 The reaction gas exits the reactor 10 through the reactor effluent outlet 26. Prior to doing so, they travel through cyclone separator 20, which removes any ammonia oxidation catalyst that may be entrained by these gases for return to catalyst bed 24 through dip tube 25. Ammonia oxidation is extremely hot, and the cooling coil 18 is used to recover waste heat and thus maintain the reaction temperature at an appropriate level.
如圖1進一步所示,從離開典型丙烯腈反應器10的熱反應氣體回收丙烯腈和其它副產物的第一步驟是通過在急冷塔30中用急冷水噴灑它們來冷卻它們。這些反應氣體含有未反應的氨,其在這些氣體被進一步處理之前被移除。出於此目的,硫酸加至急冷水,其根據以下反應與該未反應的氨反應來產生硫酸銨:H2SO4+2NH3→(NH4)2SO4 As further shown in FIG. 1, the first step of recovering acrylonitrile and other by-products from the hot reaction gases exiting the typical acrylonitrile reactor 10 is to cool them by spraying them with quench water in quench tower 30. These reactive gases contain unreacted ammonia which is removed before these gases are further processed. For this purpose, sulfuric acid is added to the quench water, which reacts with the unreacted ammonia to produce ammonium sulfate according to the following reaction: H 2 SO 4 + 2 NH 3 → (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4
該硫酸銨溶解在急冷水塔底部中,其通過急冷底部出口管線31排出以廢棄。此時大致較冷且基本上沒有未反應的氨的熱反應氣體從急冷塔的上部穿過急冷氣體出口管線33離開,以用於進一步處理。由於反應器流出物出口26中的這些總體反應氣體中的未反應氨的量可隨時間變化,故由pH監測器37監測急冷塔底部水的pH,且借助於硫酸控制閥40和控制器42調整加至急冷塔的硫酸的量,以將 該pH保持在期望水準。補充水可根據需要穿過管線45加至急冷。 The ammonium sulfate is dissolved in the bottom of the quench water column, which is discharged through the quench bottom outlet line 31 for disposal. The hot reaction gas, which is generally cooler and substantially free of unreacted ammonia, exits from the upper portion of the quench tower through the quench gas outlet line 33 for further processing. Since the amount of unreacted ammonia in these overall reactant gases in the reactor effluent outlet 26 can vary over time, the pH of the water at the bottom of the quench column is monitored by pH monitor 37 and controlled by means of sulfuric acid control valve 40 and controller 42. Adjust the amount of sulfuric acid added to the quench tower to This pH is maintained at the desired level. The make-up water can be added to the quenching via line 45 as needed.
為了丙烯腈反應器10以最大效率操作,在任何特定時間給送至反應器的氨量應當在莫耳量上略微超過在將在相同時間給送至反應器的丙烯中的全部轉換成丙烯腈所需的量。由於進入的丙烯的流速可出於許多原因而隨時間變化,故慣例是連續地監測該流速F1,且借助於氨控制閥32和控制器38回應於該測得的丙烯流速來連續地調整進入的氨的流速。 In order for the acrylonitrile reactor 10 to operate at maximum efficiency, the amount of ammonia fed to the reactor at any given time should be slightly greater in molar excess than the conversion of all of the propylene fed to the reactor at the same time to acrylonitrile. The amount required. Since the propylene flow rate into a number of reasons may vary over time, it is common practice to continuously monitor the flow rate F 1, and by means of the ammonia control valve 32 and the controller 38 in response to the measured flow rate of the propylene continuously adjust The flow rate of ammonia entering.
為了進一步確保莫耳量略微過量的氨給送至丙烯腈反應器,還期望小但適合量的未反應氨存在於反應器流出物出口26中的總體反應產物氣體中。出於此目的,定期測量這些氣體中的氨濃度,且回應於該測得的未反應的氨濃度來調整控制器38中的目標或設定點氨/丙烯比(即,NH3/C3 =比)。所以,例如,如果未反應氨的測得濃度過低,則程式設計到控制器38中的NH3/C3 =比設定點略微增大,以便相對於連續地給送的丙烯略微多量的氨給送到反應器。 To further ensure that a slight excess of ammonia is fed to the acrylonitrile reactor, it is also desirable that a small but suitable amount of unreacted ammonia be present in the overall reaction product gas in the reactor effluent outlet 26. For this purpose, the ammonia concentration in these gases is measured periodically and the target or set point ammonia/propylene ratio in the controller 38 is adjusted in response to the measured unreacted ammonia concentration (ie, NH 3 /C 3 = ratio). So, for example, if the measured concentration of unreacted ammonia is too low, NH 3 /C 3 = programmed to controller 38 is slightly increased from the set point to provide a slight amount of ammonia relative to the continuously fed propylene. Feed to the reactor.
反應器流出物出口26中的未反應氨濃度的定期確定一般有規律地完成,例如,每周幾次。因此,控制器38中目標NH3/C3 =比的回應於反應器流出物出口26中的未反應氨濃度的精密調整固有地受限,這是因為不能更頻繁地獲得關於此濃度的資料。 The periodic determination of the concentration of unreacted ammonia in the reactor effluent outlet 26 is generally done regularly, for example, several times per week. Thus, fine adjustment of the controller 38 is inherently limited by the target ammonia concentration NH 3 / C 3 = ratio in response to the effluent outlet 26 of the reactor unreacted, because the information can not be obtained on this concentration more often .
缺少該資訊在使用平衡催化劑時(即,已經使用多次且因此已經實現了氧和鉬兩者的平衡濃度的氨氧化催 化劑)不是太麻煩。儘管如此,當作出反應器操作條件的變化(諸如C3 =流速的變化)時,關於反應器流出物中的未反應氨的資訊是未知的,直到分析反應器流出物分析。此外,當使用新鮮催化劑時,該精確度的缺少可導致顯著問題,因為已知新鮮催化劑呈現出顯著的氨燃燒(ammonia burning),即,氨直接地氧化成氮氧化物和水,這兩者都是多餘的,且能夠隨時間快速變化。 The lack of this information is not too cumbersome when using a balanced catalyst (i.e., an ammoxidation catalyst that has been used multiple times and thus has achieved an equilibrium concentration of both oxygen and molybdenum). However, when changes are made (such as C 3 = change in flow rate) of the operating conditions of the reactor, the reactor effluent information about the unreacted ammonia is unknown until analysis Analysis of the reactor effluent. Furthermore, this lack of precision can lead to significant problems when using fresh catalysts, as it is known that fresh catalysts exhibit significant ammonia burning, ie, ammonia is directly oxidized to nitrogen oxides and water, both It's superfluous and can change quickly over time.
一種用於控制提供至氨氧化反應的氨量的過程包括將反應器進料提供至反應器,反應器進料包括氨、氧和選擇從由丙烷、丙烯、異丁烷和異丁烯和它們的組合所構成的集合的烴;在存在催化劑的情況下使反應器進料反應,以提供反應器流出物流;將反應器流出物流提供至急冷容器;將急冷液體提供至急冷容器;使氣態流與急冷液體接觸;監測急冷水底部的pH;並且調整反應器進料中的氨量,以在反應器進料中提供大約1至大約2的氨與烴之比。 A process for controlling the amount of ammonia provided to an ammoxidation reaction includes providing a reactor feed to a reactor, the reactor feed comprising ammonia, oxygen, and a choice from from propane, propylene, isobutane, and isobutylene, and combinations thereof The resulting pool of hydrocarbons; the reactor feed is reacted in the presence of a catalyst to provide a reactor effluent stream; the reactor effluent stream is provided to a quench vessel; the quench liquid is supplied to the quench vessel; the gaseous stream is quenched Liquid contact; monitoring the pH of the bottom of the quench water; and adjusting the amount of ammonia in the reactor feed to provide an ammonia to hydrocarbon ratio of from about 1 to about 2 in the reactor feed.
一種用於控制提供至氨氧化反應的空氣量的過程包括將反應器進料提供至反應器,反應器進料包括氨、氧和選擇從由丙烷、丙烯、異丁烷和異丁烯和它們的組合所構成的集合的烴;在存在催化劑的情況下使反應器進料反應,以提供反應器流出物流;監測反應器流出物中的氧量;並且調整反應器進料中的空氣量,以在反應器進料中提供大約9至大約10的空氣與烴之比。 A process for controlling the amount of air provided to an ammoxidation reaction includes providing a reactor feed to a reactor, the reactor feed comprising ammonia, oxygen, and a choice from propane, propylene, isobutane, and isobutylene, and combinations thereof The resulting pool of hydrocarbons; reacting the reactor feed in the presence of a catalyst to provide a reactor effluent stream; monitoring the amount of oxygen in the reactor effluent; and adjusting the amount of air in the reactor feed to A ratio of air to hydrocarbon of from about 9 to about 10 is provided in the reactor feed.
一種氨氧化過程包括將反應器進料提供至反應器,反應器進料包括氨、氧和選擇從由丙烷、丙烯、異丁烷和異丁烯和它們的組合所構成的集合的烴;在存在催化劑的情況下使反應器進料反應,以提供反應器流出物流;將急冷液體提供至急冷容器;使氣態流與急冷液體接觸;監測急冷水底部的pH,監測反應器流出物流中的氧量;調整反應器進料中的氨量,以在反應器進料中提供大約1至大約2的氨與烴之比;並且調整反應器進料中的空氣量,以在反應器進料中提供大約9至大約10的空氣與烴之比。 An ammoxidation process includes providing a reactor feed to a reactor, the reactor feed comprising ammonia, oxygen, and a selected hydrocarbon selected from the group consisting of propane, propylene, isobutane, and isobutylene, and combinations thereof; in the presence of a catalyst The reactor feed reaction is provided to provide a reactor effluent stream; the quench liquid is supplied to the quench vessel; the gaseous stream is contacted with the quench liquid; the pH of the quench water bottom is monitored, and the amount of oxygen in the reactor effluent stream is monitored; Adjusting the amount of ammonia in the reactor feed to provide an ammonia to hydrocarbon ratio of from about 1 to about 2 in the reactor feed; and adjusting the amount of air in the reactor feed to provide approximately in the reactor feed A ratio of air to hydrocarbon of from 9 to about 10.
一種用於氨氧化反應器中的氨控制的系統包括:氨氧化反應器,其構造成將反應器流出物供應至急冷塔;pH感測器,其用於從急冷塔監測急冷水底部的pH;和控制器,其電子地連接於pH感測器和氨控制閥。構造成控制去往氨氧化反應器和控制器的氨流的氨控制閥構造成增大或減小穿過該氨控制閥的氨流。 A system for ammonia control in an ammoxidation reactor includes an ammoxidation reactor configured to supply a reactor effluent to a quench tower, and a pH sensor for monitoring the pH of the quench water bottom from the quench tower And a controller electronically coupled to the pH sensor and the ammonia control valve. An ammonia control valve configured to control the flow of ammonia to the ammonia oxidation reactor and controller is configured to increase or decrease the flow of ammonia through the ammonia control valve.
10‧‧‧反應器 10‧‧‧Reactor
12‧‧‧反應器外殼 12‧‧‧Reactor housing
14‧‧‧空氣格柵 14‧‧‧Air grille
16‧‧‧噴灑器 16‧‧‧Sprinkler
18‧‧‧冷卻盤管 18‧‧‧Cooling coil
20‧‧‧旋風分離器 20‧‧‧Cyclone separator
22‧‧‧空氣入口 22‧‧‧Air inlet
24‧‧‧催化劑床 24‧‧‧ Catalyst bed
25‧‧‧浸入管 25‧‧‧ dip tube
26‧‧‧反應器流出物出口;反應器流出物管線 26‧‧‧Reactor effluent outlet; reactor effluent line
30‧‧‧急冷塔 30‧‧‧Quench Tower
31‧‧‧急冷底部出口管線 31‧‧‧Quickly cooled bottom outlet line
32‧‧‧氨控制閥 32‧‧‧Ammonia control valve
33‧‧‧急冷氣體出口管線 33‧‧‧Quick gas outlet line
34‧‧‧丙烯入口 34‧‧‧propylene inlet
36‧‧‧氨入口 36‧‧‧Ammonia inlet
37‧‧‧pH監測器;感測器 37‧‧‧pH monitor; sensor
38‧‧‧控制器 38‧‧‧ Controller
40‧‧‧控制閥 40‧‧‧Control valve
42‧‧‧控制器 42‧‧‧ Controller
45‧‧‧管線 45‧‧‧ pipeline
F1‧‧‧流速 F 1 ‧‧‧ flow rate
該過程的若干方面的以上和其它方面、特徵和優點將從以下附圖中變得清楚。 The above and other aspects, features and advantages of several aspects of the process will become apparent from the following drawings.
圖1為示出給送至商業丙烯腈反應器的氨量的精密控制的示意圖;且圖2為示出給送至商業丙烯腈反應器的氨量的精密控制的另一個方面的示意圖。 1 is a schematic diagram showing the precise control of the amount of ammonia fed to a commercial acrylonitrile reactor; and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing another aspect of the precise control of the amount of ammonia fed to a commercial acrylonitrile reactor.
對應的參考標號指出了遍及附圖的若干視圖的對應構件。技術人員將認識到,圖中的元件是為了簡單和 清楚而示出的,且不一定按比例繪製。例如,圖中的一些元件的大小可相對於其它元件放大,以有助於改善各種方面的理解。另外,通常不畫出商業上可行的方面中可用或所需的普通但公知的元件,以便有助於更少地妨礙這些各種方面的觀察。 Corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding components throughout the several views of the drawings. The skilled person will recognize that the elements in the figure are for simplicity and It is clear and not necessarily to scale. For example, the size of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help improve the understanding of the various aspects. In addition, common but well-known elements that are available or required in commercially feasible aspects are generally not shown in order to facilitate less obscuring the observation of these various aspects.
以下描述不是以限制意義進行的,而是僅為了描述示範實施例的總體原理的目的進行的。本發明的方面應當參考申請專利範圍來確定。 The following description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, but only for the purpose of describing the general principles of the exemplary embodiments. Aspects of the invention should be determined with reference to the scope of the claims.
氨控制 Ammonia control
給送至商業丙烯腈反應器的氨量的精密控制根據本發明通過調整控制器38中的NH3/C3 =比設定點來實現,以用於回應於急冷塔30中的急冷水底部的測得pH來控制氨控制閥32的操作。如圖2所示,pH感測器37連續地監測急冷塔30中的急冷水塔底部的pH。感測器37電子地連接於控制器38。此外,控制器38程式設計成以便修改其預定NH3/C3 =比設定點(其用於回應於進入的丙烯的測得流速F1控制氨控制閥32),以便回應於急冷塔30中的急冷水底部的測得pH來調整該預定設定點。 Acrylonitrile supplied commercially for precise control of the amount of ammonia reactor according to the present invention 38 NH 3 / C 3 = ratio setpoint is achieved by adjusting the controller for response to the quench water 30 in the bottom of the quenching tower The pH is measured to control the operation of the ammonia control valve 32. As shown in FIG. 2, pH sensor 37 continuously monitors the pH of the bottom of the quench water column in quench column 30. The sensor 37 is electronically coupled to the controller 38. In addition, controller 38 is programmed to modify its predetermined NH 3 /C 3 = ratio set point (which is used to control ammonia control valve 32 in response to the measured flow rate F 1 of incoming propylene) in response to quench tower 30 The measured pH at the bottom of the quench water is adjusted to the predetermined set point.
如上文所指出的,這些急冷水塔底部的測得pH提供了反應器流出物管線26中的熱反應氣體中的未反應氨濃度的準確指示。因此,本發明通過回應於該測得pH改變控制器38的NH3/C3 =比設定點來利用該現象。所以,例如, 如果該測得pH變得過低,這指出比所需的更多的硫酸給送至急冷塔30,則這又指出反應器流出物管線26中的未反應氨量已減小,控制器38的NH3/C3 =比設定點自動地增大對應的量。該設定點減小引起給送至反應器的丙烯的相對量的減小,且因此引起給送至反應器的氨的相對量的對應增大,這又導致反應器流出物管線26中的熱反應氣體中的未反應氨量增大回其期望值。 As indicated above, the measured pH at the bottom of these quench water towers provides an accurate indication of the concentration of unreacted ammonia in the hot reaction gases in reactor effluent line 26. Accordingly, the present invention changes the controller 38 NH 3 / C 3 = ratio set point by utilizing this phenomenon in response to the measured pH. Thus, for example, if the measured pH becomes too low, indicating that more sulfuric acid is required to be delivered to the quench column 30, this in turn indicates that the amount of unreacted ammonia in the reactor effluent line 26 has been reduced. Small, NH 3 /C 3 = of controller 38 automatically increases by a corresponding amount than the set point. This set point reduction causes a reduction in the relative amount of propylene fed to the reactor, and thus a corresponding increase in the relative amount of ammonia fed to the reactor, which in turn results in a reactor effluent line 26 The amount of unreacted ammonia in the hot reaction gas increases back to its desired value.
在一個實施例中,急冷液體穿過管線45提供至急冷容器。急冷液體可包括酸,以保持大約3至大約6的急冷液體的pH,且在另一方面中,大約4.5至大約6。使用的酸可為硫酸。 In one embodiment, the quench liquid is provided through line 45 to the quench vessel. The quench liquid may include an acid to maintain a pH of the quench liquid of from about 3 to about 6, and in another aspect, from about 4.5 to about 6. The acid used may be sulfuric acid.
因此,可以看到的是,通過以此方式調整控制器38的NH3/C3 =比設定點,以連續方式自動地控制反應器流出物管線26中的未反應氨的量,以確保反應器中總是存在略微過量的氨,即使消耗的丙烯和氨的相對比隨時間相對於彼此變化。在該方面中,該過程包括調整反應器進料中的氨量,以提供大約1至大約2的氨與烴的莫耳比,在另一方面中,大約1.25至大約1.75,在另一方面中,大約1.4至大約1.6,且在另一方面中,大約1.25至大約1.3。因此,顯著的優點在於依賴控制器38的NH3/C3 =比設定點以確保丙烯腈反應器中總是保持適合的氨量是自動且連續地發生的,且因此不再取決於間斷地發生的手動分析測試。在一方面中,系統構造成使得通過pH感測器在一小時或更短的延遲時間內檢測到由增大或減小穿過氨控制閥的氨流引起的pH 變化。在另一方面中,延遲時間可為大約10秒至大約60分鐘,在另一方面中,大約30秒至大約45分鐘,在另一方面中,大約1分鐘至大約30分鐘,在另一方面中,大約1分鐘至大約10分鐘,在另一方面中,大約1分鐘至大約5分鐘,且在另一方面中,大約2分鐘至大約4分鐘。 Thus, it can be seen that by adjusting the NH 3 /C 3 = ratio of the controller 38 in this manner, the amount of unreacted ammonia in the reactor effluent line 26 is automatically controlled in a continuous manner to ensure There is always a slight excess of ammonia in the reactor, even though the relative ratio of propylene and ammonia consumed varies with time relative to each other. In this aspect, the process includes adjusting the amount of ammonia in the reactor feed to provide a molar ratio of ammonia to hydrocarbon of from about 1 to about 2, and in another aspect, from about 1.25 to about 1.75, on the other hand. Medium, from about 1.4 to about 1.6, and in another aspect, from about 1.25 to about 1.3. Thus, a significant advantage is that relying on the NH 3 /C 3 = ratio of the controller 38 to set points to ensure that the amount of ammonia that is always maintained in the acrylonitrile reactor is automatically and continuously occurring, and therefore no longer depends on discontinuity A manual analysis test that occurred. In one aspect, the system is configured such that a pH change caused by increasing or decreasing ammonia flow through the ammonia control valve is detected by the pH sensor within one hour or less of the delay time. In another aspect, the delay time can be from about 10 seconds to about 60 minutes, in another aspect, from about 30 seconds to about 45 minutes, and in another aspect, from about 1 minute to about 30 minutes, on the other hand. Medium, about 1 minute to about 10 minutes, in another aspect, about 1 minute to about 5 minutes, and in another aspect, about 2 minutes to about 4 minutes.
空氣控制 Air control
在另一方面中,一種用於控制提供至氨氧化反應的空氣量的過程包括監測反應器流出物中的氧量,並且調整反應器進料中的空氣量,以在反應器進料中提供大約9至大約12的空氣與烴之比,在另一方面中,大約9至大約11的比,在另一方面中,大約9至大約10的比,在另一方面中,大約10.5至大約11的比,在另一方面中,大約9.25至大約9.75的比,且在另一方面中,大約9.4至大約9.6的比。在相關方面中,反應器流出物流包括大約0.5至大約1重量%的氧。該過程還可包括連續地測量反應器流出物中的氧量且作為回應連續地調整空氣與烴的莫耳比。氧可在反應器下游的任何位置處測量,諸如例如,反應器與急冷塔之間或急冷塔下游。在一方面中,氧監測器電子地連接於控制器38。控制器38可構造成增大或減小去往反應器的空氣流。該系統構造成使得在一小時或更短的延遲時間內由氧監測器檢測到由增加或減少的氧流引起的氧變化。在另一方面中,延遲時間可為大約10秒至大約60分鐘,在另一方面中,大約30秒至大約45分鐘,在另一方面中,大約1分鐘至大約30分鐘,在另一方面中,大約1分鐘至大約10分鐘,在另一 方面中,大約1分鐘至大約5分鐘,且在另一方面中,大約2分鐘至大約4分鐘。 In another aspect, a process for controlling the amount of air provided to an ammoxidation reaction includes monitoring the amount of oxygen in the reactor effluent and adjusting the amount of air in the reactor feed to provide in the reactor feed. A ratio of air to hydrocarbon of from about 9 to about 12, in another aspect, a ratio of from about 9 to about 11, in another aspect, a ratio of from about 9 to about 10, and in another aspect, from about 10.5 to about The ratio of 11, in another aspect, is a ratio of from about 9.25 to about 9.75, and in another aspect, a ratio of from about 9.4 to about 9.6. In related aspects, the reactor effluent stream comprises from about 0.5 to about 1% by weight oxygen. The process can also include continuously measuring the amount of oxygen in the reactor effluent and continuously adjusting the molar ratio of air to hydrocarbon in response. Oxygen can be measured at any location downstream of the reactor, such as, for example, between the reactor and the quench tower or downstream of the quench tower. In an aspect, the oxygen monitor is electronically coupled to controller 38. Controller 38 can be configured to increase or decrease the flow of air to the reactor. The system is configured such that an oxygen monitor causes an increase in oxygen caused by an increased or decreased oxygen flow over a one hour or less delay time. In another aspect, the delay time can be from about 10 seconds to about 60 minutes, in another aspect, from about 30 seconds to about 45 minutes, and in another aspect, from about 1 minute to about 30 minutes, on the other hand. Medium, about 1 minute to about 10 minutes, in another In one aspect, from about 1 minute to about 5 minutes, and in another aspect, from about 2 minutes to about 4 minutes.
氨控制和空氣控制可獨立地使用,或兩者可包括在氨氧化過程中。此外,還將認識到的是,本發明的技術不需要新的設備或結構加至現有的丙烯腈工廠,因為其可僅使用已經在工廠中的設備,特別是控制器38、氨控制閥32和用於感測急冷塔水底部的pH的pH感測器37來實施。實施本發明僅需使pH感測器37與控制器38電子地連接,且對該控制器重新程式設計以回應於由該感測器生成的信號根據本發明的教導內容來調整其NH3/C3 =比,這樣做起來容易且廉價。 Ammonia control and air control can be used independently, or both can be included in the ammoxidation process. In addition, it will also be appreciated that the techniques of the present invention do not require the addition of new equipment or structures to existing acrylonitrile plants because they can only use equipment already in the factory, particularly controller 38, ammonia control valve 32. And a pH sensor 37 for sensing the pH of the bottom of the quench tower water is implemented. The practice of the invention only requires electronically connecting the pH sensor 37 to the controller 38 and reprogramming the controller in response to signals generated by the sensor adjusting its NH 3 / according to the teachings of the present invention. C 3 = ratio is easier and cheaper to do.
在另一方面中,本文所述的過程和系統可與多個尺寸的反應器和急冷塔一起使用,包括具有較大直徑的反應器,諸如例如,大約9到大約12米,在另一方面中,大約10到大約12米,在另一方面中,大約10到大約11米,在另一方面中,大約9.4米和更大,在另一方面中,大約9.5米,且在另一方面中,大約10.7米。在該方面中,氨氧化反應反應器的截面面積與急冷塔的截面面積之比為大約1到大約3,在另一方面中,大約1.5到大約2.5,且在另一方面中,大約1.6到大約1.9。 In another aspect, the processes and systems described herein can be used with multiple sized reactors and quench towers, including reactors having larger diameters, such as, for example, from about 9 to about 12 meters, on the other hand. Medium, about 10 to about 12 meters, in another aspect, about 10 to about 11 meters, in another aspect, about 9.4 meters and larger, and on the other hand, about 9.5 meters, and on the other hand Medium, about 10.7 meters. In this aspect, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the ammoxidation reactor to the cross-sectional area of the quench tower is from about 1 to about 3, and in another aspect, from about 1.5 to about 2.5, and in another aspect, about 1.6 to About 1.9.
儘管上文已經描述了本發明的僅一些實施例,但應當清楚的是,可在不脫離本發明的精神和範圍的情況下作出許多改型。所有此類改型都旨在包括在僅由以下申請專利範圍限制的本發明的範圍內。 Although only a few embodiments of the invention have been described above, it should be understood that many modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. All such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as limited by the scope of the appended claims.
10‧‧‧反應器 10‧‧‧Reactor
12‧‧‧反應器外殼 12‧‧‧Reactor housing
14‧‧‧空氣格柵 14‧‧‧Air grille
16‧‧‧噴灑器 16‧‧‧Sprinkler
18‧‧‧冷卻盤管 18‧‧‧Cooling coil
20‧‧‧旋風分離器 20‧‧‧Cyclone separator
22‧‧‧空氣入口 22‧‧‧Air inlet
24‧‧‧催化劑床 24‧‧‧ Catalyst bed
25‧‧‧浸入管 25‧‧‧ dip tube
26‧‧‧反應器流出物出口;反應器流出物管線 26‧‧‧Reactor effluent outlet; reactor effluent line
30‧‧‧急冷塔 30‧‧‧Quench Tower
31‧‧‧急冷底部出口管線 31‧‧‧Quickly cooled bottom outlet line
32‧‧‧氨控制閥 32‧‧‧Ammonia control valve
33‧‧‧急冷氣體出口管線 33‧‧‧Quick gas outlet line
34‧‧‧丙烯入口 34‧‧‧propylene inlet
36‧‧‧氨入口 36‧‧‧Ammonia inlet
37‧‧‧pH監測器;感測器 37‧‧‧pH monitor; sensor
38‧‧‧控制器 38‧‧‧ Controller
40‧‧‧控制閥 40‧‧‧Control valve
42‧‧‧控制器 42‧‧‧ Controller
45‧‧‧管線 45‧‧‧ pipeline
F1‧‧‧流速 F 1 ‧‧‧ flow rate
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2014
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- 2015-06-15 EP EP15731470.9A patent/EP3160634A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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TWI791435B (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2023-02-11 | 瑞士商億諾斯歐洲公司 | Process for operating absorber off-gas incinerator |
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KR20170023847A (en) | 2017-03-06 |
EP3160634A1 (en) | 2017-05-03 |
EA201692340A1 (en) | 2017-08-31 |
JP2017520579A (en) | 2017-07-27 |
WO2015200022A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
CN104028172B (en) | 2018-05-25 |
CN104028172A (en) | 2014-09-10 |
CN107252663A (en) | 2017-10-17 |
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