TW201517987A - 用於噴灑系統之幫浦變換演算法 - Google Patents

用於噴灑系統之幫浦變換演算法 Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201517987A
TW201517987A TW103125016A TW103125016A TW201517987A TW 201517987 A TW201517987 A TW 201517987A TW 103125016 A TW103125016 A TW 103125016A TW 103125016 A TW103125016 A TW 103125016A TW 201517987 A TW201517987 A TW 201517987A
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
inlet
valve
outlet
pump
outlet valves
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TW103125016A
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English (en)
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David L Fehr
John R Ingebrand
Jeffrey U Shaffer
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Graco Minnesota Inc
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Publication of TW201517987A publication Critical patent/TW201517987A/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/14Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet
    • B05B12/1418Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet for supplying several liquids or other fluent materials in selected proportions to a single spray outlet
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/02Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge
    • B05B7/12Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B7/1254Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the controlling means being fluid actuated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/08Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
    • B05B12/085Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to flow or pressure of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged
    • B05B12/087Flow or presssure regulators, i.e. non-electric unitary devices comprising a sensing element, e.g. a piston or a membrane, and a controlling element, e.g. a valve
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/14Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet
    • B05B12/149Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area for supplying a selected one of a plurality of liquids or other fluent materials or several in selected proportions to a spray apparatus, e.g. to a single spray outlet characterised by colour change manifolds or valves therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/55Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter using cleaning fluids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
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    • B05B9/0406Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material with several pumps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
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    • B05B9/03Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
    • B05B9/04Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump
    • B05B9/0403Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B9/0413Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump with pumps for liquids or other fluent material with reciprocating pumps, e.g. membrane pump, piston pump, bellow pump
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
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    • B29B7/74Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/7438Mixing guns, i.e. hand-held mixing units having dispensing means
    • B29B7/7447Mixing guns, i.e. hand-held mixing units having dispensing means including means for feeding the components
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B13/00Pumps specially modified to deliver fixed or variable measured quantities
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B15/00Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04B15/02Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being viscous or non-homogeneous
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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    • F04B19/20Other positive-displacement pumps
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B23/00Pumping installations or systems
    • F04B23/04Combinations of two or more pumps
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
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    • F04B39/0292Lubrication of pistons or cylinders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04BPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F04B53/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16NLUBRICATING
    • F16N7/00Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
    • F16N7/30Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated the oil being fed or carried along by another fluid
    • F16N7/32Mist lubrication
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
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    • B05B7/0408Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge with arrangements for mixing liquids or other fluent materials before discharge with arrangements for mixing two or more liquids
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B05B7/24Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
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    • B05B7/2497Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device an atomising fluid, e.g. a gas, being supplied to the discharge device several liquids from different sources being supplied to the discharge device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
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    • B05B9/03Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material
    • B05B9/04Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent material, without essentially mixing with gas or vapour characterised by means for supplying liquid or other fluent material with pressurised or compressible container; with pump
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本發明提供一種致動具有一往復式柱塞之一雙動幫浦總成之方法,該方法包含傳訊該往復式柱塞停止以進行一變換週期;當該幫浦停止時,傳訊第一入口閥及出口閥關閉;當該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉時,傳訊第二入口閥及出口閥打開,使得該等第二入口閥及出口閥在該等第一入口閥及出口閥完全關閉之後,開始機械地打開至少一停留週期;及當關閉該等第二入口閥及出口閥時,傳訊該往復式柱塞開始移動。

Description

用於噴灑系統之幫浦變換演算法
本發明大體上係關於用以噴灑諸如油漆、密封劑、塗層等等之流體之塗敷器系統。更特定言之,本發明係關於一種用以減小一噴灑系統中之變換停機時間之幫浦變換演算法。
流體噴灑系統用於廣泛的應用範圍,包含塗漆、塗膠及泡沫噴灑。一些流體塗敷器具有運送不同流體組分之單獨「A側」及「B側」流體系統(例如,幫浦、貯存器及流體管線),而其他流體塗敷器僅泵抽且噴灑一單種噴灑物質。噴灑系統中泵抽之常見物質包含油漆、聚胺基甲酸酯、異氰酸酯、聚酯、環氧樹脂及丙烯酸酯。
許多流體塗敷器噴灑系統使用齒輪幫浦以提供充足的噴灑壓力。一些此等系統反而使用往復式幫浦,但是往復式幫浦可在打開或關閉閥以切換幫浦狀態之變換時歸因於泵抽暫停使泵抽壓力產生波動。
在一第一實施例中,一噴灑系統包含一流體源,其用於一噴灑流體;一噴灑器,其經安置以噴灑該噴灑流體;一幫浦;及一控制器。該幫浦包含一計量雙動泵抽汽缸,其具有一往復式柱塞;第一及第二入口閥;及第一及第二出口閥。該控制器經組態以傳輸導致該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉以進行幫浦變換之一第一信號,且進一步經組態以在該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉時傳輸一第二信號,該第二信 號導致該等第二入口閥及出口閥開始打開。
在一第二實施例中,致動具有一往復式柱塞之一雙動幫浦總成之一方法包含傳訊該往復式柱塞停止以進行一變換週期;當該幫浦停止時,傳訊該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉;當該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉時,傳訊該等第二入口閥及出口閥打開,使得該等第二入口閥及出口閥在該等第一入口閥及出口閥完全關閉之後開始機械地打開至少一停留週期;及當該等第二入口閥及出口閥關閉時傳訊該往復式柱塞開始移動。
10‧‧‧噴灑系統/泵抽系統
12a‧‧‧A側幫浦
12b‧‧‧B側幫浦
14a‧‧‧入口歧管
14b‧‧‧入口歧管
16a‧‧‧A側出口歧管
16b‧‧‧B側出口歧管
18a‧‧‧機動化致動器
18b‧‧‧機動化致動器
20‧‧‧潤滑系統
22a‧‧‧主流體源
22b‧‧‧主流體源
24a‧‧‧主流體源
24b‧‧‧主流體源
26a‧‧‧溶劑源
26b‧‧‧溶劑源
28‧‧‧噴灑器
30‧‧‧噴灑器
31‧‧‧廢液儲存桶
32‧‧‧配料汽缸
34‧‧‧位移桿
36‧‧‧柱塞
38‧‧‧桿貯存器
40‧‧‧控制器
42‧‧‧本機操作者介面
44a‧‧‧壓力感測器
44b‧‧‧壓力感測器
100‧‧‧幫浦體
102‧‧‧上入口閥
104‧‧‧下入口閥
106‧‧‧上出口閥
108‧‧‧下出口閥
110‧‧‧入口歧管閥
112‧‧‧入口歧管閥
114‧‧‧入口歧管閥
116‧‧‧出口歧管閥
118‧‧‧出口歧管閥
120‧‧‧出口歧管閥
200‧‧‧方法
C1‧‧‧第一催化劑流體
C2‧‧‧第二催化劑流體
cIva‧‧‧入口閥控制信號
cIvb‧‧‧入口閥控制信號
cova‧‧‧出幫浦閥控制信號
covb‧‧‧出幫浦閥控制信號
cpva‧‧‧幫浦閥控制信號
cpvb‧‧‧幫浦閥控制信號
Csa‧‧‧馬達速度控制信號
csb‧‧‧馬達速度控制信號
F1a‧‧‧流體管線
F1b‧‧‧流體管線
F2a‧‧‧流體管線
F2b‧‧‧流體管線
fa‧‧‧編碼器回饋資料
fb‧‧‧編碼器回饋資料
I‧‧‧入口/入口管線
Ia‧‧‧入口管線
Ib‧‧‧入口管線
O‧‧‧出口/出口管線
Oa‧‧‧出口管線
Ob‧‧‧出口管線
P1‧‧‧第一油漆
P2‧‧‧第二油漆
Pa‧‧‧壓力值
Pb‧‧‧壓力值
S‧‧‧溶劑管線
S1‧‧‧步驟
S2‧‧‧步驟
S3‧‧‧步驟
S4‧‧‧步驟
S5‧‧‧步驟
S1a‧‧‧噴灑管線
S1b‧‧‧噴灑管線
S2a‧‧‧噴灑管線
S2b‧‧‧噴灑管線
t0‧‧‧時間
t1‧‧‧時間
t2‧‧‧時間
t3‧‧‧時間
t4‧‧‧時間
t5‧‧‧時間
W‧‧‧廢水管線
Wa‧‧‧廢水管線
Wb‧‧‧廢水管線
△tD‧‧‧停止時間
圖1係一噴灑系統之一示意圖。
圖2a及圖2b係圖1之噴灑系統之一幫浦之操作狀態之示意圖。
圖3係繪示控制圖2a及圖2b之幫浦之變換之一方法之一方法流程圖。
圖4係根據圖3之方法之幫浦壓力及閥狀態依據時間變化之一繪示性圖表。
本發明係一種用於計時一噴灑系統之一往復式正位移幫浦之變換期間之閥致動之系統及方法。計時閥致動使來自閥致動之停留時間重疊減小幫浦變換期間之總停機時間,且因此減小非所要的壓力波動。
圖1係噴灑系統10之一示意圖,噴灑系統10係具有經組態以運送僅在噴灑時組合之單獨的流體組分之一A側及一B側之一雙側噴灑系統。噴灑系統10可(例如)在噴灑瞬間組合一A側油漆及一B側催化劑(例如,聚氨基甲酸酯、丙烯酸酯、聚酯或環氧樹脂)。雖然噴灑系統10將在下文主要論述為用於噴灑油漆之一系統,但是本發明可類似地應用於泡沫、黏著劑及其他物質之噴灑器。噴灑系統10之許多組件平 行存在於系統之A側及B側上。為清楚起見,A側組件標記有一「a」下標,而B側組件標記有一「b」下標。在下文中,不具有下標之參考數字將用以一般指代在噴灑系統10之A側及B側上皆平行發現之元件,且指代為兩側共同之單個元件,而特定的A側及B側配對物將酌情標示有「a」或「b」下標。例如,「幫浦12a」及「幫浦12b」分別係噴灑系統之A側及B側子系統之特定元件。與「幫浦12」(不具有下標)有關的描述一般係指幫浦。
噴灑系統10包含A側及B側幫浦12,其等經由出口管線Oa及Ob將經由入口管線Ia及Ib之來自入口歧管14的流體泵抽至出口歧管16。在所描繪之實施例中,幫浦12係由機動化致動器18驅動的雙動往復式汽缸幫浦,其中密封件由潤滑系統20潤滑。機動化致動器18可為(例如)線性DC步進馬達。潤滑系統20包含至少一潤滑劑貯存器及流體輸送管線,其等適用於將潤滑劑自潤滑系統20運送至幫浦12之閥密封件及其他喉部密封件。雖然潤滑系統20被繪示為一單件式系統,但是噴灑系統10之一些實施例可使用(例如)具有不同潤滑劑之單獨的A側及B側潤滑系統。
入口歧管14及出口歧管16分別係選擇性地將幫浦12耦合至複數個流體源及輸出的帶閥歧管。入口歧管14及出口歧管16容許噴灑系統10在複數個連接流體之間切換,且無任何斷接或重連接流體管線的需要。雖然各出口歧管16經描繪具有三個出口,且各入口歧管14經描繪具有三個入口,但是可使用任何數目的入口及出口。在普通的操作條件下,歧管14及16中之閥調容許一次僅打開一輸入或輸出管線。在一些實施例中,如下文關於控制器40更詳細地論述,電動地控制入口歧管14及出口歧管16。在其他實施例中,可手動地致動入口歧管14及出口歧管16。噴灑系統10之一些實施例可容許入口歧管14及出口歧管16之電動及手動閥致動。
在所描繪之實施例中,入口歧管14選擇性地分別經由流體管線F1及F2將幫浦12連接至主流體源22及24,且經由溶劑管線S連接至溶劑源26。主流體源22a及24a可為(例如)第一油漆P1及第二油漆P2,而主流體源22b及24b可為(例如)第一催化劑流體C1及第二催化劑流體C2。溶劑源26a及26b可利用共同的溶劑物質貯存器或可使用不同溶劑物質。
在所描繪之實施例中,出口歧管16類似地選擇性地經由噴灑管線S1及S2將幫浦12連接至噴灑器28及30,且經由廢水管線W連接至廢液儲存桶31。廢液儲存桶31容納(例如,當自第一油漆P1及第一催化劑流體C1切換至第二油漆P2及第二催化劑流體C2時)自噴灑系統10清除的廢棄油漆、催化劑及溶劑。噴灑器28及30各者接受來自A側及B側出口歧管16之噴灑管線。例如,噴灑器28接受來自A側出口歧管16a之噴灑管線S1a且接受來自B側出口歧管16b之噴灑管線S1b。雖然圖1中僅描繪兩個噴灑器28及30,但是可使用任何數目的單獨噴灑器。各噴灑器可專用於(例如,油漆與催化劑之)一單個噴灑流體組合,以避免不同流體的混合或積垢。因此,具有額外流體源之實施例亦有利地包含額外噴灑器。替代地,若噴灑工作階段之間用不同流體清洗,則噴灑器無須專門用於特定流體組合,但是可循序用於多個不同流體組合。例如,噴灑器28及30可為使用者觸發噴槍或機器致動自動噴灑器。
在一些實施例中,主流體源22及24以及溶劑源26係能夠供應幫浦12之輸出壓力之至少50%之預加壓源。預加壓源緩解對機動化致動器18之泵抽負載,使得幫浦12僅需要供應小於輸出壓力之50%(按先前陳述之情況)。源22、24及26可包含用於預加壓流體之專用幫浦。
在所描繪之實施例中,幫浦12係具有承載位移桿34之配料汽缸32之計量線性幫浦。位移桿34係由機動化致動器18驅動,且既定位又 驅動柱塞36。在一些實施例中,配料汽缸32、位移桿34及柱塞36在工作表面面積中可保持平衡以在上衝程及下衝程時自預加壓源(例如,22、24)接收相等壓力。
機動化致動器18之馬達速度可變,且判定幫浦12之位移。位移桿34延伸至桿貯存器38中,貯存器38在一些實施例中可充滿來自潤滑系統20之潤滑劑。幫浦12各者具有在位移桿34之上衝程與下衝程之間致動之入口閥及出口閥以引導流體高於或低於柱塞36。
噴灑系統10受控於控制器40。控制器40係一計算裝置,諸如具有相關聯之記憶體及本機操作者介面42之一微處理器或微處理器集合。本機操作者介面42係具有例如一螢幕、鍵、旋鈕及/或測量儀之一使用者介面裝置。在本發明之一些實施例中,本機操作者介面42可為用於一使用者操作之平板電腦或電腦之一有線或無線連接。在其他實施例中,本機操作者介面42可為經組態以接受直接使用者輸入並將診斷及操作資料直接提供給使用者之一整合介面。本機操作者介面42可(例如)使得一使用者能夠針對A側及B側流體之各組合輸入A側及B側流體流動之目標比例以及目標輸出壓力。本機操作者介面42亦可給使用者提供診斷資訊,包含(但不限於)故障識別(例如,堵塞或洩漏)、噴灑統計資料(例如,已噴灑或剩餘之流體體積)及狀態指示(例如,「清理」、「噴灑」或「離線」)。在一些實施例中,控制器40可包含已知或先前組態之一資料庫(例如,特定物質之目標比例及/或壓力),使得一使用者在本機操作者介面42處僅需要自若干選項選擇一組態。
控制器40經由馬達速度控制信號cs控制機動化致動器18且經由幫浦閥控制信號cPV控制幫浦12之幫浦閥調。控制器40使幫浦12之閥致動與幫浦變換同步以隨著柱塞36到達其等在配料汽缸32內之行進距離之頂部或底部最小化停機時間。在一些實施例中,控制器40亦可分別 經由入口閥控制信號cIV及出口閥控制信號cOV控制入口歧管14及出口歧管16之閥調。控制器40分別自壓力感測器44a及44b接收所感測之壓力值Pa及Pb,且分別自機動化致動器18a及18b接收反映馬達狀態之編碼器回饋資料fa及fb
泵抽系統10透過幫浦變換以指定壓力及物質比例提供實質上均勻且連續的噴灑壓力。泵抽系統10實現清潔且有效泵抽及流體切換,且無流體污染之風險且無須過長的停機時間或無須大量使用清洗溶劑。
圖2a及圖2b係集中於幫浦12(即,等效而言,12a或12b)之一噴灑系統10之示意圖。圖2a及圖2b繪示幫浦12之操作狀態,其中圖2a描繪處於一下衝程閥狀態之幫浦12且圖2b描繪處於一上衝程閥狀態之幫浦12。圖2a及圖2b描繪入口歧管14、出口歧管16、機動化致動器18、主流體源22及24、溶劑源26、噴灑器28及30、廢液儲存桶31、配料汽缸32、位移桿34、柱塞36及如先前關於圖1描述之各種連接流體管線。圖2a及圖2b分別進一步描繪幫浦12之幫浦體100、「上」及「下」入口閥102及104、分別描繪「上」及「下」出口閥106及108、入口歧管閥110、112及114以及出口歧管閥116、118及120。
圖2a及圖2b描繪其中入口歧管14接合主流體源22且出口歧管16接合噴灑器28之噴灑系統10之一狀態。因此,打開至流體管線F1之入口歧管閥110,且關閉分別至流體管線F2及溶劑管線S之入口歧管閥112及114。類似地,打開至噴灑器28之出口歧管閥116,而關閉分別至噴灑器30及廢液儲存桶31之出口歧管閥118及120。閥110、112、114、116、118及120被描繪為針閥,但是可等效地使用任何壓力功能閥。如關於圖1提及,此等閥可由控制器40致動或直接由一使用者致動。通常在任何時間將僅打開一入口歧管閥(110、112、114)及一出口歧管閥(116、118、120)。
幫浦12之入口閥102及104以及出口閥106及108係由控制器40協同位移桿34及柱塞36之上衝程及下衝程致動。在位移桿34及柱塞36向上行進時,分別打開「上」入口閥102及出口閥106且分別關閉「下」入口閥104及出口閥108(圖2b)。在位移桿34及柱塞36向下行進時,分別關閉「上」入口閥102及出口閥106且分別打開「下」入口閥104及出口閥108(圖2a)。控制器40在幫浦衝程之間致動此等閥以最小化幫浦轉變期間的幫浦停機時間。過長的變換時間可以其他方式減小輸出壓力並引入非所要壓力變動。柱塞36之往復運動自入口I將流體自主流體源22汲取至幫浦體100,且迫使流體透過出口O自幫浦體100朝向噴灑器28。如上文關於圖1提及,幫浦12可經平衡以自預加壓流體源(即,22、24、26)接收相等壓力輔助。幫浦12之平衡實施例具有具備相等上衝程及下衝程工作表面面積之位移桿34及柱塞36。
圖3係繪示方法200之一方法流程圖。方法200係繪示自一上衝程至一下衝程之幫浦12之變換時閥致動之一時序順序之一控制方法。圖4係根據方法200之幫浦壓力及閥狀態依據時間變化之一繪示性圖表。圖3及圖4一起繪示減小變換時之幫浦停機時間藉此減小非所要的壓力波動之一閥致動程序。雖然方法200及下文隨附描述集中於幫浦12之一上至下變換,但是一般程序可同等地適用於下至上幫浦變換。
當幫浦變換開始時,在時間t0處,控制器40傳訊機動化致動器18暫停,從而停止幫浦12之往復運動(步驟S1)。機動化致動器18並未即刻停止,反而放慢至在時間t2處暫停。在時間t0處或附近,控制器40傳輸命令「上」側閥102及106關閉之一致動信號(步驟S2)。控制器40等待確保一充足的停留時間使得「上」閥及「下」閥將不會同時打開(步驟S3),接著在時間t1處傳輸命令「下」側閥104及108打開之一致動信號(步驟S4)。在一些實施例中,當幫浦12處於放慢至暫停之過程中時傳輸此第二致動信號。閥102、104、106及108並不即刻關閉或打 開。相反地,「上」側閥102及106在實質上對應於時間t2之一稍晚時間處開始機械地關閉(此時幫浦12達成暫停),且在稍晚時間t3處完成關閉。類似地,「下」側閥104及108僅在閥102及106完全關閉之後的時間t4處開始打開,且僅在一稍晚時間t5處完成打開,時間t5可能稍微在幫浦12開始在相反方向上往復運動之後。然而,幫浦12決不能在時間t4之前重啟,且t4在全部情況下比時間t3晚至少一停留時間△tD,使得閥102、104、106及108從來不會同時打開。取決於信號傳輸與閥102、104、106及108之機械致動之間之延遲,對於一些實施例而言,t0可極為接近t1。一般而言,計時致動信號至閥102、104、106及108之傳輸以最小化總變換持續時間,並同時確保一充足的停留時間以避免流動相關或其他機械問題。在一些實施例中,取決於閥102、104、106及108之延時時間,可僅在命令機動化致動器18停止之後立刻或甚至稍微在停止之前傳輸閥致動信號。
停留時間△tD係由運算容限確保閥102及106在閥104及108開始打開之前完全關閉所需之一最小時間週期。在一些實施例中,停留時間△tD可(例如)小於10毫秒,且總幫浦變換時間可(例如)小於60毫秒。一旦「下」側閥104及108開始機械地打開,控制器40傳訊重啟馬達18,從而在相反方向上驅動柱塞36。
方法200及噴灑系統10藉由計時閥致動信號使「上」側閥及「下」側閥之延時週期重疊,最小化幫浦12之上衝程與下衝程之間之變換期間之幫浦停機時間。所得減小變換時間增加平均輸出壓力並改良噴灑壓力一致性。
可能實施例之論述
下文係本發明之可能實施例之非詳盡描述。
一種噴灑系統,其包括:一流體源,其用於一噴灑流體;一噴灑器,其經安置以噴灑該噴灑流體;一幫浦,其包括:一計量雙動泵 抽汽缸,其具有一往復式柱塞;第一及第二入口閥;及第一及第二出口閥;及一控制器,其經組態以傳輸導致該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉以進行幫浦變換之一第一信號,且進一步經組態以在該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉時傳輸一第二信號,該第二信號導致該等第二入口閥及出口閥開始打開。
先前段落之噴灑系統可視需要包含(此外及/或替代地)以下特徵、組態及/或額外組件之任何一或多者:前述噴灑系統之一進一步實施例,其中該控制器經組態以:傳訊打開該等第二入口閥及出口閥;傳訊該往復式柱塞停止以進行一變換週期;在該幫浦停止時傳訊該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉;在該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉時傳訊該等第二入口閥及出口閥打開,使得該等第二入口閥及出口閥在該等第一入口閥及出口閥完全關閉之後的至少一停留週期開始機械地打開;及在該等第二入口閥及出口閥關閉時命令該往復式柱塞開始移動。
前述噴灑系統之一進一步實施例,其中該停留週期係由運算容限確保在該等第二入口閥及出口閥開始打開之前完全關閉該等第一入口閥及出口閥所需之一最小時間週期。
前述噴灑系統之一進一步實施例,其中在該幫浦之一「上」衝程期間打開該等第一入口閥及出口閥且關閉該等第二入口閥及出口閥,且其中在該幫浦之一「下」衝程期間打開該等第二入口閥及出口閥且關閉該等第一入口閥及出口閥。
前述噴灑系統之一進一步實施例,其中該噴灑器亦自一第二流體源接收一第二加壓流體,且其中該噴灑器組合該噴灑流體與該第二加壓流體並噴灑該組合。
前述噴灑系統之一進一步實施例,其中該流體源經預加壓。
前述噴灑系統之一進一步實施例,其中該流體源經預加壓至一 目標壓力之至少50%,使得由該幫浦在該噴灑器處提供該噴灑流體之一壓力之50%以下。
前述噴灑系統之一進一步實施例,其中該控制器在該等第一入口閥及出口閥完成關閉之前傳訊該等第二入口閥及出口閥打開,但是該等第二入口閥及出口閥直至該等第一入口閥及出口閥完成關閉之後才開始機械地打開。
前述噴灑系統之一進一步實施例,其中該幫浦變換持續小於60毫秒。
前述噴灑系統之一進一步實施例,其中在該等第一入口閥及出口閥完全關閉與該等第二入口閥及出口閥開始打開之間的變換期間經過小於10毫秒。
一種致動具有一往復式柱塞之一雙動幫浦總成之方法,該方法包括:傳訊該往復式柱塞停止以進行一變換週期;當該幫浦停止時,傳訊該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉;當該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉時,傳訊該等第二入口閥及出口閥打開,使得該等第二入口閥及出口閥在該等第一入口閥及出口閥完全關閉之後的至少一停留週期開始機械地打開;及當該等第二入口閥及出口閥關閉時,傳訊該往復式柱塞開始移動。
先前段落之方法可視需要包含(此外及/或替代地)以下特徵、組態及/或額外組件之任何一或多者:前述方法之一進一步實施例,其中該幫浦實質上隨著該等第一入口閥及出口閥開始機械地關閉而完全停止。
前述方法之一進一步實施例,其中該停留週期係由運算容限確保該等第一入口閥及出口閥在該等第二入口閥及出口閥開始打開之前完全關閉所需之一最小時間週期。
前述方法之一進一步實施例,其中該等第一入口閥及出口閥之 該機械關閉對應於該幫浦之完全暫停。
前述方法之一進一步實施例,其中在傳訊該往復式柱塞停止以進行一變換週期與該等第二入口閥及出口閥開始機械地打開之間經過小於60毫秒。
雖然已參考一(諸)例示性實施例來描述本發明,但是熟習此項技術者應瞭解,在不脫離本發明之範疇的情況下,可作出各種改變且等效物可替換其等之元件。此外,在不脫離本發明之本質範疇的情況下,可作出許多修改以將一特定情形或物質調適為本發明之教示。因此,期望本發明不限於所揭示之特定實施例,但是本發明將包含落入隨附申請專利範圍之範疇內的全部實施例。
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Claims (15)

  1. 一種噴灑系統,其包括:一流體源,用於一噴灑流體;一噴灑器,其經安置以噴灑該噴灑流體;一幫浦,其包括:一計量雙動泵抽汽缸,其具有一往復式柱塞;第一及第二入口閥;及第一及第二出口閥;及一控制器,其經組態以傳輸導致該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉以進行幫浦變換之一第一信號,且進一步經組態以在該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉時傳輸一第二信號,該第二信號導致該等第二入口閥及出口閥開始打開。
  2. 如請求項1之噴灑系統,其中該控制器經組態以:傳訊打開該等第二入口閥及出口閥;傳訊該往復式柱塞停止以進行一變換週期;在該幫浦停止時,傳訊該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉;在該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉時,傳訊該等第二入口閥及出口閥打開,使得該等第二入口閥及出口閥在該等第一入口閥及出口閥完全關閉之後的至少一停留週期開始機械地打開;及在該等第二入口閥及出口閥關閉時,命令該往復式柱塞開始移動。
  3. 如請求項2之噴灑系統,其中該停留週期係由運算容限確保在該等第二入口閥及出口閥開始打開之前完全關閉該等第一入口閥及出口閥所需之一最小時間週期。
  4. 如請求項1之噴灑系統,其中在該幫浦之一「上」衝程期間打開 該等第一入口閥及出口閥且關閉該等第二入口閥及出口閥,且其中在該幫浦之一「下」衝程期間打開該等第二入口閥及出口閥且關閉該等第一入口閥及出口閥。
  5. 如請求項1之噴灑系統,其中該噴灑器亦自一第二流體源接收一第二加壓流體,且其中該噴灑器組合該噴灑流體與該第二加壓流體並噴灑該組合。
  6. 如請求項1之噴灑系統,其中該流體源經預加壓。
  7. 如請求項6之噴灑系統,其中該流體源經預加壓至一目標壓力之至少50%,使得由該幫浦在該噴灑器處提供少於該噴灑流體之一壓力之50%。
  8. 如請求項1之噴灑系統,其中該控制器在該等第一入口閥及出口閥完成關閉之前傳訊該等第二入口閥及出口閥打開,但是該等第二入口閥及出口閥直至該等第一入口閥及出口閥完成關閉之後才開始機械地打開。
  9. 如請求項1之噴灑系統,其中該幫浦變換持續小於60毫秒。
  10. 如請求項9之噴灑系統,其中在該等第一入口閥及出口閥完全關閉與該等第二入口閥及出口閥開始打開之間的變換期間經過小於10毫秒。
  11. 一種致動具有一往復式柱塞之一雙動幫浦總成之方法,該方法包括:傳訊該往復式柱塞停止以進行一變換週期;當該幫浦停止時,傳訊該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉;當該等第一入口閥及出口閥關閉時,傳訊該等第二入口閥及出口閥打開,使得該等第二入口閥及出口閥在該等第一入口閥及出口閥完全關閉之後的至少一停留週期開始機械地打開;及當該等第二入口閥及出口閥關閉時,傳訊該往復式柱塞開始 移動。
  12. 如請求項11之方法,其中該幫浦實質上隨著該等第一入口閥及出口閥開始機械地關閉而完全停止。
  13. 如請求項11之方法,其中該停留週期係由運算容限確保該等第一入口閥及出口閥在該等第二入口閥及出口閥開始打開之前完全關閉所需之一最小時間週期。
  14. 如請求項11之方法,其中該等第一入口閥及出口閥之該機械關閉對應於該幫浦之完全暫停。
  15. 如請求項11之方法,其中在傳訊該往復式柱塞停止以進行一變換週期與該等第二入口閥及出口閥開始機械地打開之間經過小於60毫秒。
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