TW201512757A - 電泳顯示裝置及電子機器 - Google Patents

電泳顯示裝置及電子機器 Download PDF

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TW201512757A
TW201512757A TW103131792A TW103131792A TW201512757A TW 201512757 A TW201512757 A TW 201512757A TW 103131792 A TW103131792 A TW 103131792A TW 103131792 A TW103131792 A TW 103131792A TW 201512757 A TW201512757 A TW 201512757A
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Taiwan
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electrophoretic
layer
substrate
refractive index
display device
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TW103131792A
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English (en)
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Katsunori Yamazaki
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Seiko Epson Corp
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Publication of TW201512757A publication Critical patent/TW201512757A/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/02Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
    • G02B26/026Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light based on the rotation of particles under the influence of an external field, e.g. gyricons, twisting ball displays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133502Antiglare, refractive index matching layers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133524Light-guides, e.g. fibre-optic bundles, louvered or jalousie light-guides
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    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675Constructional details
    • G02F1/1677Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/3433Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices
    • G09G3/344Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using light modulating elements actuated by an electric field and being other than liquid crystal devices and electrochromic devices based on particles moving in a fluid or in a gas, e.g. electrophoretic devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/02Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1326Liquid crystal optical waveguides or liquid crystal cells specially adapted for gating or modulating between optical waveguides
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13356Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements
    • G02F1/133562Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements on the viewer side
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13356Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements
    • G02F1/133565Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors characterised by the placement of the optical elements inside the LC elements, i.e. between the cell substrates
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675Constructional details
    • G02F1/1679Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells
    • G02F1/1681Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells; Filling or closing of cells having two or more microcells partitioned by walls, e.g. of microcup type
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Abstract

本發明係關於一種電泳顯示裝置,其包含:第1基板;電泳層,其配置於第1基板之一側;及折射率變化層,其配置於電泳層之與第1基板相反之側,於電泳層之厚度方向上隨著遠離電泳層,折射率以逐漸變大之方式變化。

Description

電泳顯示裝置及電子機器
本發明係關於一種電泳顯示裝置及電子機器。
先前,作為電泳顯示裝置,已知有於藉由形成於一對基板間之間隔壁所區劃之區域封入分散有電泳粒子之分散液者(例如,參照下述專利文獻1)。
[先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本專利特開2013-7985號公報
然而,於上述先前技術中,於以某像素作為對象像素加以關注之情形時,存在因周邊像素之顏色(反射率)導致對象像素之明亮度變化,從而產生顯示不均等問題。
本發明之一態樣係為了解決上述問題而完成者,其目的之一在於提供一種藉由抑制顯示不均而獲得良好之顯示品質的電泳顯示裝置及電子機器。
本發明者等人進行了努力研究,結果發現,因周邊像素之顏色(反 射率)導致對象像素之明亮度變化的原因在於,周邊像素處之反射光之約60%於基板表面反射而照射至對象像素,該對象像素使該光反射。即,獲得光學串擾會產生上述顯示不均的見解,該光學串擾即若周邊像素變黑,則照射至對象像素之光量減少,由此導致對象像素變暗,若周邊像素變白,則照射至對象像素之光量增加,由此導致對象像素變明亮。並且,基於該見解完成了本發明。
根據本發明之第1態樣,可提供一種電泳顯示裝置,其包含:第1基板;電泳層,其配置於上述第1基板之一側;及折射率變化層,其配置於上述電泳層之與上述第1基板相反之側,且於上述電泳層之厚度方向上隨著遠離上述電泳層,折射率以逐漸變大之方式變化。
根據第1態樣之電泳顯示裝置,於電泳層散射之光中臨界角以上之光通過折射率變化層時,可向法線方向(電泳層之厚度方向)彎曲。由此,於通過折射率變化層之情形時,可減少因全反射而照射鄰接之像素之光。由此,可藉由抑制起因於光學串擾之顯示不均之產生而實現高品質之顯示。
於上述第1態樣中,上述折射率變化層較佳為上述折射率連續地變化。
根據該構成,由於折射率變化層之折射率連續地變化,故而不會於折射率變化層內產生界面。由此,不會於折射率變化層內之界面使光反射。由此,藉由使光良好地通過折射率變化層而將其確實地提取至外部。
於上述第1態樣中,較佳為包含於與上述第1基板之間夾持上述電泳層之第2基板,且上述折射率變化層係配置於上述電泳層與上述第2基板之間。
根據該構成,可使來自電泳層之光高效率地入射至折射率變化層。
於上述第1態樣中,較佳為包含於與上述第1基板之間夾持上述電泳層之第2基板,且上述折射率變化層係設置於上述第2基板之與上述電泳層相反之側。
根據該構成,於第2基板上配置折射率變化層,因此可防止第2基板之破損等。
於上述第1態樣中,較佳為上述折射率變化層包含具有折射率各向異性之折射率各向異性材料。
根據該構成,可藉由使來自電泳層之光確實地彎曲而將其高效率地提取至外部。
於上述第1態樣中,較佳為上述折射率各向異性材料為圓盤型液晶。
根據該構成,可藉由圓盤型液晶使來自電泳層之光確實地折射而向法線方向彎曲。
根據本發明之第2態樣,可提供一種電泳顯示裝置,其包含:第1基板;電泳層,其配置於上述第1基板之一側;及導光構件,其配置於上述電泳層之與上述第1基板相反之側,將來自上述電泳層之光向該電泳層之厚度方向引導而使其出射。
根據第2態樣之電泳顯示裝置,可藉由導光構件於法線方向(電泳層之厚度方向)提取於電泳層散射之光中臨界角以上之光。由此,可減少不設置導光構件之情形時因全反射而照射鄰接之像素的光。由此,可藉由抑制起因於光學串擾之顯示不均之產生而實現高品質之顯示。
根據本發明之第3態樣,可提供一種電子機器,其包含上述第1態樣或第2態樣之電泳顯示裝置。
根據第3態樣之電子機器,由於包含上述電泳顯示裝置,故而該電子機器本身亦可藉由抑制顯示不均而進行品質較高之顯示。
1‧‧‧元件基板(第1基板)
1A、12b‧‧‧基材
2‧‧‧對向基板(第2基板)
2A‧‧‧對向基板
4‧‧‧像素電極(第1電極)
5‧‧‧共用電極
7‧‧‧第1絕緣膜
8‧‧‧第2絕緣膜
10‧‧‧間隔壁
11、11A‧‧‧電泳層
12‧‧‧光學元件(折射率變化層)
12a‧‧‧圓盤型液晶分子
21‧‧‧接合層
30‧‧‧分散介質
31‧‧‧電泳粒子
31a‧‧‧白色粒子
31b‧‧‧黑色粒子
52‧‧‧纖維板(導光構件)
52a‧‧‧光纖
100、200、100A‧‧‧電泳顯示裝置
300‧‧‧電子書(電子機器)
301‧‧‧框架
302‧‧‧罩部
303‧‧‧操作部
304、401、502‧‧‧顯示部
400‧‧‧手錶(電子機器)
500‧‧‧電子紙(電子機器)
501‧‧‧本體部
G‧‧‧像素
L、L1、L1a、L1b、L2‧‧‧光
P‧‧‧間距
θu、θd‧‧‧角度
圖1係表示第1實施形態之電泳顯示裝置之概略構成的剖面圖。
圖2係用以說明產生於先前之電泳顯示裝置之現象的概略剖面圖。
圖3係將式(1)圖表化所得的圖。
圖4係表示光學元件之概略構成的剖面圖。
圖5係表示第2實施形態之電泳顯示裝置之概略構成的剖面圖。
圖6係纖維板中之光纖之配置間距的說明圖。
圖7係表示變化例之電泳顯示裝置之概略構成的圖。
圖8(a)係表示作為電子機器之一例之電子書的立體圖,(b)係表示作為電子機器之一例之手錶的立體圖,(c)係表示作為電子機器之一例之電子紙的立體圖。
以下,一面參照圖式一面對本發明之電泳顯示裝置及電子機器之一實施形態進行說明。
再者,以下之說明中使用之圖式有為了方便起見而將成為特徵之部分放大表示以使特徵容易理解之情況,各構成要素之尺寸比率等並不限於與實際相同。
(第1實施形態)
圖1係表示本實施形態之電泳顯示裝置之概略構成的剖面圖。如圖1所示,電泳顯示裝置100包含元件基板1、對向基板2、及配置於該元件基板1及對向基板2間之電泳層11。
元件基板(第1基板)1包含:基材1A;像素電極(第1電極)4,其設置於基材1A之電泳層11側;及第1絕緣膜7,其覆蓋像素電極4。基材1A係包含玻璃或塑膠等之基板,由於配置於與圖像顯示面相反之側,故而亦可不透明。像素電極4係於Cu箔上依序積層鎳鍍層及金鍍層而成者、或由Al、ITO(銦錫氧化物)等形成之電極。雖省略圖示,但於像 素電極4與基材1A之間形成有掃描線、資料線、及選擇電晶體等。
對向基板(第2基板)2係包含玻璃或塑膠等透明基材,且配置於圖像顯示側。於對向基板2之電泳層11側形成有與複數個像素電極4對向之平面形狀之共用電極5。共用電極5之整個面被第2絕緣膜8所覆蓋。共用電極5為由MgAg、ITO、IZO(銦-鋅氧化物)等形成之透明電極。
電泳層11係填充至由設置於元件基板1之內面側之第1絕緣膜7、設置於對向基板2之內面側之第2絕緣膜8、與配置於該等第1絕緣膜7及第2絕緣膜8間之間隔壁10所分隔的空間。間隔壁10區劃與各像素電極4對應地設置之像素G,且包含透光性材料(丙烯酸系樹脂或環氧樹脂等)。
間隔壁10之厚度例如為30μm。再者,於間隔壁10之上部與第2絕緣膜8之間設置有接合層21。接合層21係用以將對向基板2與形成有間隔壁10之元件基板1接合者。接合層21例如包含透明樹脂,且使間隔壁10之上部咬入至接合層21。接合層21之厚度以不妨礙電場之程度為佳,較佳為例如設為2μm~6μm左右。又,間隔壁10咬入至接合層21之量較佳為例如設為0.5μm~1μm。
電泳層11包含分散於分散介質30中之複數個電泳粒子31。於本實施形態中,電泳粒子31例如包含白色粒子31a及黑色粒子31b。
白色粒子31a例如為包含二氧化鈦、鋅白、三氧化二銻等白色顏料之粒子(高分子或膠體),且例如帶負電地加以使用。黑色粒子31b例如為包含苯胺黑、碳黑等黑色顏料之粒子(高分子或膠體),且例如帶正電地加以使用。該等顏料中可視需要添加電解質、界面活性劑、金屬皂、樹脂、橡膠、油、清漆、包含化合物等之粒子之帶電控制劑、鈦系偶合劑、鋁系偶合劑、矽烷系偶合劑等分散劑、潤滑劑、穩定劑等。
又,亦可代替白色粒子31a及黑色粒子31b而使用例如紅色、綠色、藍色等之顏料。根據該構成,可提供能藉由顯示紅色、綠色、藍色等 而進行彩色顯示之電泳顯示裝置100。
作為分散介質30,可例示:水、醇系溶媒(甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、丁醇、辛醇、甲基賽路蘇等)、酯類(乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯等)、酮類(丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁基酮等)、脂肪族烴(戊烷、己烷、辛烷等)、脂環式烴(環己烷、甲基環己烷等)、芳香族烴(苯、甲苯、二甲苯、具有長鏈烷基之苯類(己基苯、庚基苯、辛基苯、壬基苯、癸基苯、十一烷基苯、十二烷基苯、十三烷基苯、十四烷基苯等))、鹵化烴(二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、1,2-二氯乙烷等)等,亦可為其他油類。該等物質可單獨使用或以混合物之形式使用,亦可進而調配如羧酸鹽之界面活性劑等。
基於此種構成,於電泳顯示裝置100中,例如若於像素電極4與共用電極5之間施加電壓,則伴隨產生於該等之間之電場,電泳粒子31(白色粒子31a及黑色粒子31b)朝向任一電極(像素電極4、共用電極5)電泳。例如,於白色粒子31a帶有正電荷之情形時,若將像素電極4設為負電位,則白色粒子31a向像素電極4側(下側)移動並聚集,成為黑色顯示。
且說,於普通之電泳顯示裝置中,於著眼於某像素(對象像素)之情形時,會產生因周邊像素之顏色、即反射率而導致對象像素之明亮度變化,從而產生顯示不均等問題。
圖2係用以說明產生於先前之普通電泳顯示裝置100A之現象的概略剖面圖。
如圖2所示,於電泳顯示裝置100A中,自成為顯示面之對向基板2A側入射之外光於電泳層11A發生散射反射。於電泳層11A發生散射反射之光再次入射至對向基板2A內,且於對向基板2A與空氣之界面使具有未達臨界角度之角度的光L1中之一部分光L1a反射而返回至內部,使剩餘之一部分光L1b自顯示面以圖像光之形式出射。另一方面,具有 臨界角度以上之角度的光L2藉由全反射而再次照射至電泳層11A。
如此,於電泳顯示裝置100A中,例如於電泳層11A反射之光自顯示面直接出射之比率為38%左右,返回至顯示面之內側之比率為62%左右。再者,返回至顯示面之內側之光再次於電泳層11A重複反射。
自某部位之電泳層11A出射之光返回至其他部位之電泳層11A。即,可換言之,歸屬於某部位之電泳層11A之明亮度之62%左右係由其他電泳層11A之反射光所實現。
此處,若將電泳層11A之反射率設為Rp,將來自顯示面之光之出射率(即,隔著對向基板2之電泳層11A之反射率)設為Robs,則利用下式(1)加以規定。
Robs=0.95(0.38Rp/(1-0.62Rp))...式(1)
再者,上式右邊第1項之0.95係考慮入射光之於對向基板2之表面之反射率所得者。
將上述式(1)圖表化所得者為圖3。再者,於圖3中,橫軸為電泳層11A之反射率Rp,縱軸為來自顯示面之光之出射率Robs
如圖3所示,若電泳層11A之反射率Rp減小,則來自顯示面之光之出射率急遽降低。認為其原因在於,自其他位置反射來之光減少了反射率Rp之量。即,獲得光學串擾會產生上述顯示不均的見解,該光學串擾即若成為對象之某像素(以下,稱為對象像素)之周邊像素變黑,則照射至對象像素之光量減少,由此導致對象像素變暗,若對象像素之周邊像素變白,則照射至對象像素之光量增加,由此導致對象像素變明亮。
基於此種見解,本實施形態之電泳顯示裝置100包含配置於對向基板2之與電泳層11為相反側之面的光學元件(折射率變化層)12。作為光學元件12,例如使用使液晶等具有介電常數各向異性之材料於電泳顯示裝置100之顯示面之法線方向以介電常數逐漸變化之方式排列而 成者。此處,不具有磁性之透明構件之折射率與介電常數之平方根成比例,因此光學元件12之法線方向之折射率係以隨著遠離電泳層11而逐漸變大之方式變化。
圖4係表示光學元件12之概略構成的剖面圖。再者,於圖4中,省略了與說明無關之共用電極5、第2絕緣膜8、接合層21、及間隔壁10之圖示。如圖4所示,本實施形態之光學元件12係由液晶板構成,該液晶板包含基材12b、及於該基材12b內以特定之配向狀態配置之複數個圓盤型液晶分子12a。於光學元件12中,複數個圓盤型液晶分子12a之配向狀態係隨著遠離電泳層11而使折射率以逐漸變大之方式變化。具體而言,圓盤型液晶分子12a於電泳層11側係垂直配向,並隨著遠離電泳層11而轉變為水平配向。
基材12b例如包含丙烯酸系樹脂等透明基材。再者,作為基材12b,較佳為使用具有與對向基板2大致相同之折射率之材料。藉此,可抑制於電泳層11反射之光於基材12b及對向基板2之界面之反射。
又,於本實施形態中,光學元件12之折射率連續地變化。
根據本實施形態,於電泳層11散射之光通過對向基板2上之光學元件12時,隨著遠離電泳層11,折射率連續地變大,因此散射光中自法線方向以外之方向入射至光學元件12之光L於通過光學元件12之期間向法線方向彎曲。如此,可藉由使來自電泳層11之光L確實地彎曲而將其高效率地提取至外部。
藉此,可使於電泳層11散射之光相對於光出射面之入射角度大於臨界角。即,可藉由設置光學元件12而緩和因電泳層11引起之散射光之全反射條件。藉此,可抑制未設置光學元件12之情形時因於對向基板2之表面全反射而對其他像素之顯示造成影響的散射光。
因此,可減少如上述般產生於普通電泳顯示裝置100的因某像素之電泳層11A引起之反射光之大部分照射其他像素的比率。換言之, 由於可藉由設置光學元件12而減少來自其他像素之反射光,故而即便對象像素周圍之像素之顯示狀態(反射率)發生變化,亦可使對象像素之明亮度不易受影響。
如上所述,可減少上述光學串擾,因此結果可抑制顯示不均之產生而進行高品質之顯示。
又,於本實施形態中,由於光學元件12之折射率連續地變化,故而不會於光學元件12內產生界面。由此,光不會於光學元件12內之界面反射。由此,電泳層11之散射光可良好地通過光學元件12內部而確實地提取至外部。
又,於本實施形態中,由於對向基板2被光學元件12覆蓋,故而可防止對向基板2之破損等。
如此,於本實施形態之電泳顯示裝置100中,藉由將於縮窄視野角之方向使來自電泳層11之散射光彎曲的光學元件12配置於顯示面側而抑制上述光學串擾之產生。
即,構成光學元件12之液晶板係用於與如液晶顯示裝置之視野角補償膜般藉由使液晶分子於內部側(電泳層11側)水平配向,且於空氣界面側(隨著遠離電泳層11)轉變為垂直配向而擴大視野角之情形完全相反的用途,本發明之態樣係基於新構思而完成者。
(第2實施形態)
繼而,對第2實施形態之電泳顯示裝置進行說明。於上述第1實施形態中,作為緩和全反射條件之機構,列舉折射率逐漸變化之光學元件12為例,但本實施形態之不同方面在於使用將來自電泳層之光向該電泳層之厚度方向引導而使其出射的導光構件。再者,對於與上述實施形態相同之構件標註相同符號,並省略其詳情。
圖5係表示本實施形態之電泳顯示裝置之概略構成的剖面圖。如圖5所示,電泳顯示裝置200包含元件基板1、對向基板2、及配置於該 元件基板1及對向基板2間之電泳層11。
本實施形態之電泳顯示裝置200包含配置於對向基板2之與電泳層11為相反側之面的纖維板(導光構件)52。
纖維板52包含以特定之間距P將複數根中心部之折射率大於周邊部之折射率的光纖52a捆紮而成者。
圖6係用以說明纖維板52中之光纖52a之配置間距(以下,簡稱為間距P)的圖。如圖6所示,關於纖維板52中之間距P,只要光線於出射時與出射面之法線所成之角度θu成為臨界角θc以下即可。具體而言,於將纖維板52之厚度設為t之情形時,設定為P=2ttanθc以下。此處,臨界角度θc於將對向基板2之折射率設為n時,由滿足1/n=sinθc之角度加以規定。
再者,通過纖維板52之光至少於上表面成為臨界角θc以下即可。因此,於纖維板52之下方之光線的角度θd亦可超過臨界角度θc
根據本實施形態,於電泳層11散射之散射光藉由通過對向基板2上之纖維板52之各光纖52a而向法線方向彎曲並出射。如此,於本實施形態中,亦可使於電泳層11散射之光相對於光出射面之入射角度大於臨界角。即,可藉由設置纖維板52而緩和基於電泳層11之散射光之全反射條件,從而抑制因於對向基板2全反射而對其他像素之顯示造成影響的光成分。
於本實施形態中,由於減少了上述光學串擾,故而結果可抑制顯示不均之產生而進行高品質之顯示。
再者,於上述實施形態中,列舉對一個像素G配置複數根光纖52a之情形為例,但本發明並不限定於此。亦可對複數個像素G配置一根光纖52a。
又,本發明未必限定於上述實施形態,可在不脫離本發明之主旨之範圍內施加各種變更。
例如,於上述實施形態中,列舉將光學元件12或纖維板52設置於對向基板2之外側(與電泳層11相反之側)之情形為例,但本發明並不限定於此,亦可如圖7所示般將光學元件12或纖維板52設置於對向基板2之內側。藉此,可使來自電泳層11之散射光高效率地入射至光學元件12或纖維板52。或者,亦可代替對向基板2而僅設置光學元件12或纖維板52。於此情形時,由於光學元件12或纖維板52兼具作為對向基板2之功能,故而可謀求電泳顯示裝置之薄型化。
(電子機器)
其次,對將上述各實施形態之電泳顯示裝置應用於電子機器之情形進行說明。
圖8係說明應用有本發明之電泳顯示裝置之電子機器之具體例的立體圖。
圖8(a)係表示作為電子機器之一例之電子書的立體圖。該電子書(電子機器)300包含:書形狀之框架301;(可開閉之)罩部302,其旋動自如地設置於該框架301;操作部303;及顯示部304,其包含本發明之電泳顯示裝置。
圖8(b)係表示作為電子機器之一例之手錶的立體圖。該手錶(電子機器)400具備包含本發明之電泳顯示裝置之顯示部401。
圖8(c)係表示作為電子機器之一例之電子紙的立體圖。該電子紙(電子機器)500包含:本體部501,其包含具有與紙同樣之質感及柔軟性之可複寫片材;及顯示部502,其包含本發明之電泳顯示裝置。
例如電子書或電子紙等係假定於空白之背景上反覆寫入文字之用途,因此必須消除顯示不均。
再者,可應用本發明之電泳顯示裝置之電子機器之範圍並不限定於此,廣泛地包含利用伴隨帶電粒子之移動之視覺上之色調變化的裝置。
根據以上電子書300、手錶400及電子紙500,由於採用了本發明之電泳顯示裝置,故而成為可藉由抑制顯示不均而獲得品質較高之顯示特性的可靠性優異的高品質電子機器。
再者,上述電子機器係例示本發明之電子機器,並不限定本發明之技術範圍。例如,本發明之電泳顯示裝置亦可較佳地用於行動電話、攜帶用音頻機器等電子機器之顯示部、或手冊等業務用表、教科書、習題集、資料表等。
1‧‧‧元件基板(第1基板)
1A‧‧‧基材
2‧‧‧對向基板(第2基板)
4‧‧‧像素電極(第1電極)
5‧‧‧共用電極
7‧‧‧第1絕緣膜
8‧‧‧第2絕緣膜
10‧‧‧間隔壁
11‧‧‧電泳層
12‧‧‧光學元件(折射率變化層)
21‧‧‧接合層
30‧‧‧分散介質
31‧‧‧電泳粒子
31a‧‧‧白色粒子
31b‧‧‧黑色粒子
100‧‧‧電泳顯示裝置
G‧‧‧像素

Claims (8)

  1. 一種電泳顯示裝置,其包含:第1基板;電泳層,其配置於上述第1基板上;及折射率變化層,其配置於上述電泳層上,且於上述電泳層之厚度方向上隨著遠離上述電泳層,折射率以逐漸變大之方式變化。
  2. 如請求項1之電泳顯示裝置,其中上述折射率變化層之上述折射率連續地變化。
  3. 如請求項1或2之電泳顯示裝置,其包含配置於上述電泳層上的第2基板,且上述折射率變化層係配置於上述電泳層與上述第2基板之間。
  4. 如請求項1或2之電泳顯示裝置,其包含配置於上述電泳層與上述折射率變化層之間的第2基板。
  5. 如請求項1至4中任一項之電泳顯示裝置,其中上述折射率變化層包含具有折射率各向異性之折射率各向異性材料。
  6. 如請求項5之電泳顯示裝置,其中上述折射率各向異性材料為圓盤型液晶。
  7. 一種電泳顯示裝置,其包含:第1基板;電泳層,其配置於上述第1基板之一側;及導光構件,其配置於上述電泳層之與上述第1基板相反之側,將於上述電泳層反射之光向該電泳層之厚度方向引導而使其出射。
  8. 一種電子機器,其包含如請求項1至7中任一項之電泳顯示裝置。
TW103131792A 2013-09-18 2014-09-15 電泳顯示裝置及電子機器 TW201512757A (zh)

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