TW201443316A - Monitoring device for monitoring bridge foundations' riverbed scouring depth and accretion depth - Google Patents

Abstract

A monitoring device for monitoring bridge foundations' riverbed scouring depth and accretion depth mainly comprises: a gravity detection rod, a gravity detection sleeve, a sliding sleeve, a resistance ruler, a power mechanism, a controller unit and a timer unit. The gravity detection sleeve is slidably arranged on the outer side of the gravity detection rod. The sliding sleeve guides the sliding motions of the gravity detection rod and the gravity detection sleeve. The controller unit controls the power mechanism to actuate the gravity detection sleeve to vertically twitch. The timer unit controls the time and frequency of the gravity detection sleeve vertically twitching. The resistance ruler outputs a measurement signal corresponding to the sliding depth of the gravity detection rod and the gravity detection sleeve. Accordingly, the controller unit compares and analyzes the measurement signal of the resistance ruler to measure the scouring depth of the riverbed through the displacement of the gravity detection rod, and the accretion depth can be measured according to the displacement of the gravity detection sleeve.

Description

Monitoring device for monitoring river bed scouring depth and back slag depth

The invention relates to a monitoring device for monitoring the river bed scouring depth and the back slag depth of the bridge foundation, in particular to a monitoring device capable of simultaneously measuring the river bed scouring depth and the back slag depth.

The total scouring depth of a bridge section may be affected, as shown in Figure 1, including General Scour and Localized Sour. Generally, flushing refers to the comprehensive decline of riverbed, and its cause is mainly natural or human factors, which causes the balance of river mud and sand migration to be lost; localized erosion is divided into (1) Contraction Scour, which refers to the setting The bridge causes the water flow section to decrease and increases the flow rate and causes the river bed to wash. (2) The local scour of the pier and the abutment means that the bed around the bridge is eddy eroded when the flood flows around the pier or the abutment. The resulting phenomenon of brushing around the pier or abutment endangers the originally exposed bridge foundation, and even the bridge is tilted and collapsed, causing traffic disruption and causing great harm to people's lives and property.

As shown in Fig. 1a, it is a phenomenon that the general bridge encounters flooding in the vicinity of the pile near the pile. When the water flows through the pier, the pier is flushed and emptied on the water surface, which is the bundle scouring; During the typhoon and rain, the vortex effect of the river increased significantly, and the partial scouring of the pier and the abutment caused a huge amount of hollowing energy to the bridge foundation, which caused the pile gene to drift instantaneously. The collision of wood or rock and even the chance of collapse of the bridge is very high, so the monitoring of the depth of erosion and the immediate warning and control of the passing of people and vehicles become very important.

Conventional techniques for monitoring the depth of scouring of bridge foundation piles include principles such as ultrasonic measurement, conventional gravity and fiber measurement. The disadvantage of ultrasonic measurement is that the sound wave is highly sensitive to temperature and it is not easy to define the ambient temperature due to the wide range involved. Furthermore, the sound wave transmission path passes through different media (such as river water turbidity), which affects the accuracy of the sound wave velocity measurement. In addition, during the sound wave travel, it is easy to be disturbed by the surrounding noise, especially during the typhoon storm, eddy current disturbance, drifting wood and rock impact, and strong wind whistling. In short, ultrasonic measurement technology has gradually been eliminated due to poor applicability.

In order to improve the lack of conventional bridge-based scour monitoring devices and systems, such as shown in Figures 1b and 1c, the inventor of this case is equal to Taiwan invention patent I331178 (corresponding to Chinese invention patent ZL200710109492.8), and a gravity type is used to monitor the bridge foundation. The monitoring device for the river bed scouring depth mainly comprises: at least one gravity detecting rod (1'), one end abuts on the river bed (8'), and the other end extends in a vertical direction; at least one gravity detecting sleeve (2) '), the center of the gravity detecting rod (1') passes through and allows it to slide in the vertical direction; at least one sliding sleeve (3') has a guiding portion (31') at one end thereof loosely sleeved in the sleeve The outer side of the tube (2') is fixed to the bridge pier (6') to maintain the sleeve (2') and the gravity detecting rod (1') to slide vertically. Accordingly, when the riverbed (8') is sunk by scouring, the gravity detecting rod (1') and the gravity detecting sleeve (2') are also descended, and the flushing data is immediately obtained by the level sliding. Further warnings and controls are available to prevent accidental injuries.

The above disclosure also discloses a remote automatic monitoring system, which mainly comprises: at least one gravity detecting rod (1'), one end of which can be in contact with the riverbed (8'), and the other end extending upward to the set height in the vertical direction At least one gravity detecting sleeve (2') having a central portion for the gravity detecting rod to pass through and allowing the gravity detecting rod (1') to slide in the vertical direction; a plurality of sliding sleeves (3'), One end is loosely sleeved on the outer side of the sleeve (2'), and the other end is fixed at a predetermined position of the bridge pier (6') for maintaining at least the sleeve (2') and the gravity detecting rod (1') One can slide in the vertical direction; at least one monitoring signal capturing unit (90') is used to capture the electrical signal of the sliding distance of the gravity detecting rod (1') or the gravity detecting sleeve (2'), and Send to a remote control center to process the monitored electrical signals received and notify an alarm system. Wherein, the electrical signal acquisition unit (90') utilizes a set of resistor patches disposed on the upper portion of the gravity detecting rod (1'), respectively, having a pair of extraction terminals i, in and i, respectively Out, used to measure the current value flowing through the resistor in the falling, compares with the reference current flowing through the standard resistor, and converts the relative value into an electrical signal and sends it to the remote control center for processing by the central processor. It can be converted into the amount of flushing d and so on.

On the other hand, because the rivers are accompanied by scouring and back-slipping during the torrent, the inventors have thought about it. Although the above disclosure can measure the scouring of the bridge foundation to achieve its purpose, it should be unresolved, but it cannot Detect the actual backfill data. Because the sand transport state of the river is difficult to observe during the flood, the bed surface that can only be seen after the flood is recirculated is the result of the back siltation, but it cannot indicate the actual brush depth, so it is possible that the river bed during the flood The scouring has reached the foot of the river structure, but after the flood has returned to the water, the foot of the river has been back-sludged. The situation has made the rivers and rivers ineffective.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a monitoring device for monitoring the riverbed scouring depth and sludge depth of a bridge foundation, which can detect the scouring depth of the riverbed and measure the depth of the sluice, so as to improve the prior art riverbed scouring monitoring system. More perfect.

In order to achieve the above and other objects, the monitoring device for monitoring the river bed scouring depth and the back slag depth of the bridge foundation mainly comprises a gravity detecting rod, a gravity detecting sleeve, a plurality of sliding sleeves, a plurality of resistance rods, and a power. The organization, and a controller unit. Wherein, one end of the gravity detecting rod is in contact with the river bed, and the other end is vertically extended; the gravity detecting sleeve is sleeved on the gravity detecting rod, and the gravity detecting sleeve and the gravity detecting rod are relatively slidable, and the gravity detecting The bottom end of the measuring sleeve is in contact with the river bed. In addition, the plurality of sliding sleeves are fixed along the depth direction of the bridge, and the gravity detecting sleeve and the gravity detecting rod are passed through the plurality of sliding sleeves, and the gravity detecting sleeve is freely slidable in the plurality of sliding sleeves. The plurality of resistance rods are respectively disposed along the height direction of the gravity detecting rod and the gravity detecting sleeve, and each resistance rod transmits a measuring signal; the power mechanism activates the gravity detecting sleeve to rise and fall. In addition, the controller unit is electrically connected to the plurality of resistance bars and the power mechanism, and the controller unit receives the measurement signals of the plurality of resistance bars, and respectively calculates the displacement amounts of the gravity detecting sleeve and the gravity detecting rod, and the controller unit controls The opening and closing of the power mechanism. Accordingly, the present invention can measure the scouring depth of the riverbed through the displacement of the gravity detecting rod, and repeatedly rises and falls by the gravity detecting sleeve within a predetermined time, and can measure the displacement by measuring the displacement amount. The depth of the silt.

Preferably, the monitoring device for monitoring the bridge bed scouring depth and the back slag depth of the present invention may further comprise a detector and a timer unit, and the detector and the timer unit are electrically connected to the controller. unit. Wherein, when the detector detects that at least one of the gravity detecting sleeve and the gravity detecting rod is displaced, the controller unit controls the starting of the power mechanism, and accordingly, when a flushing situation occurs, the monitoring is started. In addition, the timer unit controls the frequency at which the power mechanism operates the gravity detecting sleeve to rise and fall.

In addition, the power mechanism of the monitoring device for monitoring the bridge bed scouring depth and the back slag depth of the present invention may be a hoisting mechanism including a hoist, and the hoist may suspend the gravity detecting sleeve by at least one cable. That is, the gravity detecting sleeve can be pulled up by the hoist to detect back silting. However, the present invention is not limited to the hoisting mechanism, and other equivalent devices such as gears, racks, gas oil pressure, or other longitudinal displacement may be suitable for use in the present invention.

According to the present invention, the remote controller can be further included, and the controller unit and the main controller can further include a wireless signal transceiver module. The wireless signal transceiver module of the controller unit transmits the displacement of the gravity detecting sleeve and the gravity detecting rod; the wireless signal transceiver module of the main controller receives the displacement of the gravity detecting sleeve and the gravity detecting rod, and calculates Analysis When the result exceeds the preset security range, a warning is sent to enable remote monitoring and further prevent accidents. As for the wireless signal transceiver module, it can be a Bluetooth module, a ZigBee module, a WiFi module, or other equivalent wired and wireless transmission modules.

According to the invention, the gravity detecting sleeve has an inner sleeve And an outer sleeve which is integrally connected by a plurality of stiffening steel ribs, and the inner diameter of the inner sleeve allows the gravity detecting rod to pass through and slide therein to avoid the inner sleeve when subjected to a flooding impact Direct damage to the tube ensures that the gravity detection lever functions properly and the gravity detection sleeve can still slide up and down.

According to the present invention, preferably, the monitoring device has two groups, one of which is assembled on the water-facing surface of the bridge, and the other of which is installed on the water surface of the bridge, even in the case where the single-side monitoring device is damaged, The monitoring device on one side performs the monitoring function.

According to the present invention, preferably, the monitoring device further includes at least one surveillance camera for recording the video signal of the scene and transmitting it to the remote control center through the controller unit.

1‧‧‧ monitoring device of the invention

11‧‧‧Gravity detection rod

110‧‧‧Apartment

111‧‧‧First resistance ruler

2‧‧‧ Bridge

2a‧‧‧ Pier

21‧‧‧Gravity detection casing

21a‧‧‧Inner casing

21b‧‧‧Outer casing

21c‧‧‧ stiffening steel ribs

211‧‧‧second resistance ruler

3‧‧‧ Riverbed

31‧‧‧Sleeve

311‧‧‧ Guidance Department

312‧‧‧ horizontal arm

41‧‧‧Power Agency

410‧‧‧ winch

411‧‧‧Steel cable

51‧‧‧Controller unit

511‧‧‧Wireless Signal Transceiver Module

52‧‧‧Timer unit

53‧‧‧ Sensors

54‧‧‧ surveillance camera

55‧‧‧ Warning device

60‧‧‧Master controller

601‧‧‧Wireless Signal Transceiver Module

The first picture is transferred from Taiwan invention patent I331178, which shows the real-time reference picture of the general pier foundation after heavy rain or long-term scouring; the first picture is transferred to Taiwan invention patent I331178, which shows the general pier and foundation by fluid mechanics Schematic diagram of the scouring phenomenon of the premises; Figure 1b is a transfer of the invention patent I331178 from Taiwan, revealing a gravity-type monitoring device for monitoring the riverbed scouring depth of the bridge foundation; Figure 1c is a transfer from Taiwan invention patent I331178, revealing a use The remote automatic monitoring system for monitoring the river bed scouring depth of the bridge foundation; the second figure shows the perspective view of the gravity detecting rod for monitoring the river bed scouring depth and the back slag depth of the bridge foundation; FIG. 3 shows the second figure The gravity detecting rod detects a back view of the depth of the siltation; 4 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a monitoring device for monitoring the riverbed scouring depth and back slag depth of the bridge foundation according to the present invention; and FIG. 5 is a view showing the gravity detecting rod of the present invention for detecting the scouring depth and the back slag depth. Schematic diagram of the time change state; Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the application of the resistance scale to the measurement signal by the detection of the scouring depth and the back slag depth.

Figure 7 is a block diagram showing the system for monitoring the depth of the bridge bed and the depth of backfilling of the bridge.

The technical features of the present invention will be further clarified with reference to the embodiments, which are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present invention. .

First, please refer to Figures 2, 3 and 4 for illustrating a specific embodiment of the monitoring device of the present invention for monitoring the river bed scour depth and back slag depth of the bridge foundation. The monitoring device 1 according to the present invention mainly includes: at least one gravity detecting rod 11, at least one gravity detecting sleeve 21, a plurality of sliding sleeves 31, a plurality of resistance bars 111 and 211, a power mechanism 411, a controller unit 51, A timer unit 52 and an external power source are electrically connected to the plurality of resistor scales 111, 211, the power mechanism 411, the controller unit 51, the timer unit 52, and the like, respectively.

The gravity detecting rod 11 includes a radially expanding disc-shaped abutting portion 110 at a lower end thereof for preventing the gravity detecting rod 11 from being over-sinked on the liquefied or soft soil on the river bed 3, The upper end extends vertically upwards. The gravity detecting rod 11 has a predetermined diameter and weight The amount is, for example, a solid stainless steel material with high hardness and mechanical strength, or a hollow stainless steel material of sufficient quality to avoid deformation caused by a transient impact of a flood.

The gravity detecting sleeve 21 has an inner sleeve 21a and an outer sleeve 21b, and is integrally connected by a plurality of radial stiffening steel ribs 21c therebetween. The inner sleeve 21a has a hollow central portion that is slidably disposed outside the gravity detecting rod 11. The size of the gravity detecting sleeve 21 is matched with the current situation of flood scouring, and is designed by finite element analysis. The inner sleeve 21a, the outer sleeve 21b and the stiffened steel rib 21c are, for example, selected for high mechanical strength and ductility. The stainless steel material is manufactured, and the stiffening steel rib 21c has an energy dissipation function between the inner sleeve 21a and the outer sleeve 21b. When the outer sleeve 21b is deformed when it is instantaneously subjected to a flooding, the inner sleeve 21a can be prevented from being directly damaged. It can ensure that the function of the gravity detecting rod 11 in the inner sleeve 21a is normal, and the gravity detecting sleeve 21 can still slide up and down; further, the bottom of the gravity detecting sleeve 21 should be at any time. Gravity touches the 3 sides of the riverbed.

One end of each sliding sleeve 31 includes an annular guiding portion 311 which is loosely sleeved on the outer side of the gravity detecting sleeve 21, and the other end is provided with a preset of a plurality of horizontal arms 312 fixed to the bridge pier 21 of the bridge 2. position. Preferably, the sliding sleeve 31 should be provided at least two or more on the flood surface for maintaining at least one of the gravity detecting sleeve 21 and the gravity detecting rod 11 to slide in the vertical direction; After the flood, the function of the inspection equipment is normal.

A first resistance rule 111 is disposed along a height direction of the at least one gravity detecting rod 11 having a point P1(i,in) And P2(i, out) for extracting a current value flowing through the first resistor scale 111; a second resistor scale 211 disposed along a height direction of the at least one gravity detecting sleeve 21, and the second resistor The ruler 211 has two end points P1'(i,in) and P2'(i,out) for extracting a current value flowing through the second resistance rule 211.

In the present embodiment, the power mechanism 41 is a hoisting mechanism including a winch 410. A cable 411 has one end wound around the winch 410 and a gravity detecting sleeve 21 suspended at the other end; the power mechanism 41 is controlled to move the gravity detecting sleeve 21 up and down. Of course, it is understood by those skilled in the art that there are many possible ways to activate the gravity detecting sleeve 21 to rise or fall. The use of the hoisting mechanism is merely illustrative of the embodiment, and is not limited thereto.

The controller unit 51 includes a detector 53 and a timer unit 52, such as an optical sensor, a photo sensor, or an electric device. When the detector 53 detects a gravity detecting sleeve. When at least one of the tube 21 or the gravity detecting rod 11 is displaced, the controller unit 51 turns on the control circuit of the power mechanism 41; the timer unit 52 is used to control the power mechanism 41 to actuate the gravity detecting sleeve. The time and frequency of rising and falling, for example, twitching the at least one gravity detecting sleeve 21 up and down every predetermined time. The controller unit 51 draws current values flowing through the first resistor 111 and the second resistor 211, and compares and converts them into displacements corresponding to the gravity detecting rod 11 and the gravity detecting sleeve 21; The controller unit 51 includes a wireless signal transceiver module 511 for transmitting a measurement signal corresponding to the displacement of the gravity detecting sleeve 21 and the gravity detecting rod 11 to a remote control center. The wireless signal is transmitted. The transceiver module 511 is such as a Bluetooth module, a ZigBee module, or a WiFi module. Preferably, at least one monitoring is included The camera 54 is configured to record the video signal of the bridge 2 and transmit it to the remote control center through the controller unit 52.

Preferably, the monitoring device 1 composed of the gravity detecting rod 11, the gravity detecting sleeve 21, the sliding sleeve 31, the resistance bars 111 and 211, the power mechanism 411, the controller unit 51, and the timer unit 52 is provided. There are two groups, one is assembled on the water-facing surface of the bridge 2, and the other is installed on the back surface of the bridge 2. Even if the one-side monitoring device 1 is damaged, it can be monitored via the other monitoring device 1 The function.

As shown in Fig. 5, the monitoring device 1 of the present invention is applied to the remote monitoring of the bridge. When the river bed is sunk due to the torrent flushing, the gravity detecting rod 11 and the gravity detecting sleeve 21 also fall, when detecting When detecting at least one of the gravity detecting sleeve 21 or the gravity detecting rod 11 is displaced, the controller unit 51 turns on the control circuit of the power mechanism 41, and the power mechanism 41 is controlled by the timer unit 52. The gravity detecting sleeve 21 is pulsed up and down at a predetermined time and frequency. The gravity detecting rod 11 sinks deeper as the scouring time is longer, and the gravity detecting sleeve 21 is subjected to the higher and higher squeezing frequency.

Please refer to FIGS. 6 and 7 at the same time. According to the present invention, the controller unit 51 memorizes the current reference value (I, _ref ) flowing through the ends of the first resistor 111 and the second resistor 211 before the torrent flushing. Comparing the change values (I, _ref /I) of the current flowing through the points of the first resistance ruler 111 and the second resistance rule 211 in the falling of the gravity detecting rod 11 and the gravity detecting sleeve 21, Converted to flush depth D1 and backfill depth D2. For example, if the parallel reference resistor R ₀ and the resistor R to be tested are connected to the current of equal intensity, the following relationship can be used, formula (1) and formula (2):

(L ₀ 1-d1)/L ₀ 1=R/R ₀ =I, _ref /I Equation (1); d1=L ₀ 1(1-(I, _ref /I)) Equation (2); Calculating that the gravity detecting rod 11 is caused by the flushing amount d1 corresponds to the flushing depth D1, cm.

Similarly, using the relation, equations (1) and (2): (L ₀ 2-d3) / L ₀ 2 = R / R ₀ = I, _ref / I Equation (1); d3 = L ₀ 2 ( _{1- (I, ref / I)} ) of formula (2); d2 = (L 0 2-d1) + d3; and may be calculated by the gravity detector 21 casing and padded Backsilting d2 corresponds to a change back to Deposition depth D2, cm (as shown in Figure 6).

On the other hand, the remote control center includes a main controller 60 having a wireless signal transceiving module 601, such as a Bluetooth module, a ZigBee module or a WiFi module, etc., the main controller 60 The wireless signal transceiver module 601 receives the measurement signal from the controller unit 51, and performs an operation analysis to send a warning message when the result exceeds the preset safety range, for example, the warning device 55 warns the person passing the bridge, or Publish an instant image to the media, or notify the public security unit that supervises the bridge through the mobile device 61.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the equivalent variations and modifications of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

1‧‧‧ monitoring device of the invention

11‧‧‧Gravity detection rod

2‧‧‧ Bridge

2a‧‧‧ Pier

21‧‧‧Gravity detection casing

3‧‧‧ Riverbed

31‧‧‧Sleeve

311‧‧‧ Guidance Department

312‧‧‧ horizontal arm

41‧‧‧Power Agency

410‧‧‧ winch

411‧‧‧Steel cable

53‧‧‧ Sensors

54‧‧‧ surveillance camera

Claims (9)

A monitoring device for monitoring the river bed scouring depth and back slag depth of a bridge foundation, comprising: a gravity detecting rod, one end of which is in contact with the river bed, and the other end is vertically upwardly extended; a gravity detecting sleeve is sleeved In the gravity detecting rod, the gravity detecting sleeve and the gravity detecting rod are relatively slidable, the bottom end of the gravity detecting sleeve is in contact with the riverbed; and the plurality of sliding sleeves are fixed along the depth direction of the bridge The gravity detecting sleeve and the gravity detecting rod pass through the plurality of sliding sleeves, and the gravity detecting sleeve is freely slidable in the plurality of sliding sleeves; the plurality of resistance measuring rods respectively along the gravity detecting rod and The height of the gravity detecting sleeve is set, each resistance meter transmits a measuring signal; a power mechanism that activates the gravity detecting sleeve to rise and fall; and a controller unit electrically connected to the plurality of resistors And the power unit, the controller unit receives the measurement signal of the plurality of resistance scales, and respectively calculates a displacement amount of the gravity detecting sleeve and the gravity detecting rod, wherein the controller unit controls the power mechanism Open shut down. For example, the monitoring device for monitoring the depth of the bridge bed and the depth of the backflow of the bridge foundation includes a detector and a timer unit, and the detector and the timer unit are electrically connected. The controller unit controls the movement when the detector detects that at least one of the gravity detecting sleeve and the gravity detecting rod is displaced The force mechanism is activated; the timer unit controls the frequency at which the power mechanism activates the gravity detecting sleeve to rise and fall. For example, in the first application of the patent scope, a monitoring device for monitoring the depth of the bridge bed and the depth of the backflow, wherein the power mechanism is a hoisting mechanism, which comprises a hoisting machine, the hoist is suspended by at least one wire rope. casing. For example, in the first application of the patent scope, the monitoring device for monitoring the riverbed scouring depth and the back slag depth of the bridge foundation, further comprising a remote controller located at the far end, the controller unit and the main controller further comprise a wireless signal transceiver a module, the wireless signal transceiver module of the controller unit transmits the displacement of the gravity detecting sleeve and the gravity detecting rod; the wireless signal transceiver module of the main controller receives the gravity detecting sleeve and The displacement of the gravity detecting rod is sent out by a calculation and analysis when the result exceeds the preset safety range. For example, in the fourth application of the patent scope, the monitoring device for monitoring the riverbed scouring depth and the back slag depth of the bridge foundation is a Bluetooth module, a ZigBee module or a WiFi module. For example, the fourth aspect of the patent application scope is a monitoring device for monitoring the river bed scouring depth and the back slag depth of the bridge foundation, and further comprising at least one surveillance camera for receiving a video signal, the controller unit is configured by the wireless signal transceiver module Send the video signal. For example, in the first application of the patent scope, a monitoring device for monitoring the river bed scouring depth and the back slag depth of the bridge foundation, wherein the gravity detecting sleeve has an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, and a plurality of stiffening steels are used therebetween The ribs are integrally connected, and the inner diameter of the inner sleeve allows the gravity detecting rod to be worn Go over and slide inside. For example, in the first application of the patent scope, a monitoring device for monitoring the depth of the bridge bed and the depth of the backflow, wherein the lower end of the gravity detecting rod comprises a radially enlarged disc to prevent the gravity detecting rod from being liquefied or Excessive subsidence in the soft soil. For example, in the first application of the patent scope, a monitoring device for monitoring the riverbed scouring depth and the back slag depth of the bridge foundation, wherein each of the resistance bars has two end points for drawing current values flowing through each of the resistance bars.