TW201438636A - 冰箱門/窗 - Google Patents
冰箱門/窗 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201438636A TW201438636A TW102143247A TW102143247A TW201438636A TW 201438636 A TW201438636 A TW 201438636A TW 102143247 A TW102143247 A TW 102143247A TW 102143247 A TW102143247 A TW 102143247A TW 201438636 A TW201438636 A TW 201438636A
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- refrigerator door
- window
- layer
- coating
- transparent conductive
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
- A47F3/00—Show cases or show cabinets
- A47F3/04—Show cases or show cabinets air-conditioned, refrigerated
- A47F3/0404—Cases or cabinets of the closed type
- A47F3/0426—Details
- A47F3/0434—Glass or transparent panels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3626—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer one layer at least containing a nitride, oxynitride, boronitride or carbonitride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3639—Multilayers containing at least two functional metal layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3644—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the metal being silver
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3652—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the coating stack containing at least one sacrificial layer to protect the metal from oxidation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
- C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
- C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
- C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
- C03C17/3657—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties
- C03C17/366—Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
- C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
- C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/0092—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass with improved high visible transmittance, e.g. extra-clear glass
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
- E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
- E06B3/6715—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light specially adapted for increased thermal insulation or for controlled passage of light
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
- C03C2217/21—Oxides
- C03C2217/23—Mixtures
- C03C2217/231—In2O3/SnO2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
- C03C2217/73—Anti-reflective coatings with specific characteristics
- C03C2217/734—Anti-reflective coatings with specific characteristics comprising an alternation of high and low refractive indexes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/90—Other aspects of coatings
- C03C2217/94—Transparent conductive oxide layers [TCO] being part of a multilayer coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
- C03C2217/90—Other aspects of coatings
- C03C2217/94—Transparent conductive oxide layers [TCO] being part of a multilayer coating
- C03C2217/948—Layers comprising indium tin oxide [ITO]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2218/00—Methods for coating glass
- C03C2218/30—Aspects of methods for coating glass not covered above
- C03C2218/365—Coating different sides of a glass substrate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
- Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
- Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Abstract
冰箱門(其包括冷凍庫門)被提供用於冷藏商品(例如,冷凍或冷卻食品)被展示之展示區。希望增加該等門之能源效益並因此增進該冷藏展示系統之能源效益,同時降低來自該等門之可見反射使顧客更容易看見被展示於該等透明門之後的商品。根據本發明之某些例示實施例的冰箱門包括一或多個AR塗層,其等之一些可包括一透明傳導層(例如,ITO)因此亦作為一低E塗層。
Description
本發明之某些示範實施例有關於冰箱/冷凍庫門/窗,及/或其等之製造方法。本發明之示範實施例有關於包括至少一作為抗反射(AR)塗層及低放射(低E)塗層兩者之至少一塗層的冰箱/冷凍庫門/窗。於某些示範實施例中,該塗層可包括一銦錫氧化物(ITO)之層或包括ITO之層,位於至少包括氮氧化矽或一氮氧化矽之第一介電層及包括二氧化矽或二氧化矽之第二介電層之間。
冰箱門已知於習知技藝中。例如,見U.S.專利文件Nos.2010/0209730及2012/0090246,其等之揭露內容被併入此處作為參考。
冷藏供應商通常將食物產品展示於一產品展示區。為了降低進入該冷藏區之熱的量,其通常包括玻璃門,該玻璃門亦提供顧客可見度及可及性。因為玻璃為差的熱絕緣體,此等門通常包括二或三個分離的玻璃窗格,具有介於其等之間的一或二個間隙以增加該門的熱絕緣性。因此,現今的冰箱門通常可被視為包括一或兩個絕緣玻璃單
元(IGUs)。
因為對於增加冷藏展示系統之能源效益的需求,該IGU之增加熱絕緣性可藉由使用低放射(低E)塗層於該IGU之該等內部表面之一或多者上而達成。於一應用中,已知為“改造(retrofit)”,食品店之開放冷藏展示架(即沒有玻璃門之展示架)可被以該單一或雙窗格型之玻璃門改裝以最小化自該冷藏區域損失之熱,藉此增加該系統的能源效益。提供玻璃門於冷藏展示區之一不欲的後果為衝銷量之損失或減少,因為如此顧客在其等與該商品之間具有物理性障礙。因此,典型地發生在玻璃門被提供於一冷藏展示區時的可見反射之增加,增加變形且使得該等在該等門之後的商品(例如,食物)難以讓購買者看清楚-此導致降低之衝銷量(impulse sales)。
不幸地,然而,此方式之一不欲地後果涉及當越多的玻璃窗格及越多的低E塗層被併入,通過該IGU之光穿透迅速損失。此點,反過來,造成該門之市場價值的縮小。
因此,該項技術領域中有需要增加該等製成冰箱門之IGUs的能源效益,而同時增加通過該冰箱門之可見光穿透,以及其製造方法。
U.S.專利文件No.2012/0090246揭示一包括AR塗層及低E塗層之三窗格冰箱門。然而,分離的以銀為主之低E塗層,如於該‘246專利文件所使用者,使用整個可用的
玻璃基板表面,而該玻璃基板可在其他的情況下被用為AR塗層。因此,於本發明之某些示範實施例中,希望提供一解決方案,該解決方案至少在某些情況下,在單一塗層中結合一紅外光(IR)反射低E塗層與一AR層結構。
於本發明之某些例示實施例中,冰箱門/窗(其包括冷凍庫門/窗)被提供用於展示區中,其處經冷藏之商品(例如,冷凍或冷卻食品)被展示。希望增加該等門之能源效益,並因此增加該冷藏展示系統的能源效益,同時降低來自該等門之可見反射以使顧客更容易看見被展示於該等透明門之後的商品。根據本發明之某些例示實施例的冰箱門(包括窗)包括一或多個AR塗層,其等之一些可包括一透明傳導層(例如,ITO),其反射IR,因此亦作為一低E塗層。可藉由在一塗層中組合AR功能及低E功能而達到改良。於一些例示實例中亦可使用低鐵玻璃於該等門中,其使得該等門對可見光甚至更為透明。
於本發明之某些例示實施例中,提供一透明冰箱門/窗,其包含:至少第一及第二玻璃基材;於該第一玻璃基材內表面的結合抗反射及低E之塗層,因此該塗層並未暴露至鄰近該冰箱門/窗之冷藏環境或鄰近該冰箱門/窗之室內環境;其中該塗層包含一透明傳導層,該透明傳導層包含或實質上包含銦錫氧化物(ITO),其係位於至少一包含或實質上包含氮氧化矽的介電層及包含或實質上包含二氧化矽之介電層之間,且其中該包含氮氧化矽之介電層係位於至少該第一玻璃基材及該包含ITO之透明傳導層之間。
於本發明之某些例示實施例中,提供一透明冰箱門/窗,其包含:至少第一及第二玻璃基材;於該第一玻璃基材內表面的結合抗反射及低E之塗層,因此該塗層並未暴露至鄰近該冰箱門/窗之冷藏環境或鄰近該冰箱門/窗之室內環境;其中該塗層包含一IR反射透明傳導氧化物層,該氧化物層具有自1.8至2.0之折射率且位於至少一具有自1.65至1.85之折射率的第一介電層及具有自1.5至1.7之折射率的第二介電層之間,且其中該第一介電層係位於至少該第一玻璃基材及該透明傳導氧化物層之間;且其中該透明傳導氧化物層具有較該第一及第二介電層之各自折射率高至少0.1之折射率(n)。
於本發明之某些例示實施例中,提供一透明冰箱門/窗,其包含:一玻璃基材;位於該玻璃基材之相反表面的第一及第二塗層;其中該第一塗層為一抗反射塗層或一低E塗層;且其中該第二塗層為結合抗反射及低E之塗層,其包含一透明傳導層,該透明傳導層包含ITO且位於至少一包含氮氧化矽之介電層及包含二氧化矽之介電層之間,且其中該包含氮氧化矽之介電層係位於至少該玻璃基材及該包含ITO之透明傳導層之間。
100‧‧‧冰箱門
1、2、3‧‧‧玻璃基材
1a、2a、3a‧‧‧內表面
1b、2b、3b‧‧‧外表面
4‧‧‧分隔器
5‧‧‧空氣間隙
7a、7b、7c‧‧‧AR/低E組合塗層
9a、9b‧‧‧AR塗層
11‧‧‧低E塗層
20‧‧‧IR折射層/透明傳導層
23、25‧‧‧介電層
此等及其他優點可藉由參考下述詳細說明及例示性顯示實施例以及該等圖式而更佳且完全的了解,其中:圖1(a)為顯示根據本發明之一例示實施例之冰箱門的剖面圖;
圖1(b)為顯示根據本發明之另一例示實施例之冰箱門的剖面圖;圖2為顯示根據本發明之另一例示實施例之冰箱門的剖面圖;圖3為顯示根據本發明之另一例示實施例之冰箱門的剖面圖;圖4為顯示根據本發明之另一例示實施例之冰箱門的剖面圖,其中該塗層具有AR功能及低E功能兩者。
現更特別參照該等圖式,其中類似參考號表示在幾個視圖中之類似部件/元件。
於本發明之某些例示實施例中,冰箱門(其包括冷凍庫門)100被提供與於展示區域,於該處經冷藏之商品(例如,冷凍或冷卻食品)被展示。希望增加該等門之能源效益,並因此增加該冷藏展示系統的能源效益,同時降低來自該等門之可見反射以使顧客更容易看見被展示於該等透明門100之後的商品。根據本發明之某些例示實施例的冰箱門(包括窗)100包括一或多個AR塗層(例如,7a、7b、7c、9a、9b)、其等之至少一個/一些(7a、7b、7c)包括一透明傳導層(例如,ITO者或包括ITO者),因此亦作為一低E塗層。藉由在一塗層中(例如,7a、7b、7c)組合AR功能及低E功能而達到改良。於本發明之某些例示實施例中,亦可使用低鐵玻璃(1、2及/或3)於該等門100中,其使得該等門100對可
見光甚至更為透明。於本發明之某些例示實施例中,該結合AR/低E之塗層(7a、7b及/或7c)可包括包含銦錫氧化物或銦錫氧化物之IR折射層20,其位於至少一包含氮氧化矽或氮氧化矽之第一介電層23及包含二氧化矽或二氧化矽之一第二介電層25之間(例如,見圖4)。於本發明之某些例示實施例中,此種AR/低E組合之塗層的兩者7a、7b被提供於該冰箱門中(例如,見圖1(a)、2及3)。於其它例示實施例中,此種結合AR/低E之塗層的三者7a、7b及7c被提供於該冰箱門中(例如,見圖1(b))。於再其它例示實施例中,此種結合AR/低E之塗層的僅一者7a可被提供於該冰箱門中(例如,見圖2-3)。
圖1(a)、1(b)、2及3顯示根據本發明之各種實施例的冰箱門/窗,該等門包括AR塗層9a、9b、低E塗層11,及結合AR/低E之塗層7a、7b、7c。例如,圖1(a)-b之透明冰箱門包括三個玻璃基材1、2及3,其等經由分隔器4彼此間隔分開,因此空氣間隙5於鄰近的基材之間被界定。暖邊分隔器4可被提供環繞該等基材1-3之周邊,例如,因此有助維持該等基材1-3與彼此實質上平行間隔分開。該等空氣間隙5可可擇地被以諸如氬、氙或類似氣體填充。各玻璃基材1、2及3可為自約1-8mm厚,更佳自約2-6mm厚。浮動玻璃基材,其為以鈉鈣矽為主者,被用於本發明之例示實施例中。
圖1(a)中,例如,結合AR/低E之塗層7a被(直接或間接)提供於外部玻璃基材1之該內表面上,而結合AR/
低E之塗層7b被(直接或間接)提供於內部玻璃基材3之該內表面上。同時,AR塗層9a(其沒有金屬性或TCO IR反射層)被提供於內部玻璃基材2之主要內表面2a上,且AR塗層9b(其不具有金屬性或TCO IR折射層)被提供於內部玻璃基材之另一主要表面2b上。此處一冰箱門/窗之玻璃基材的一“內”表面界定為不直接面向該冷藏環境及該室內/周圍環境之表面。因此,於圖1(a)-(b)及3中,例如,表面1a、2a、2b及3a為玻璃基材之內部基材表面,而表面1b及3b為外部基材表面。
圖1(a)中,例如,結合AR/低E之塗層7a被(直接或間接)提供於外部玻璃基材1之該外表面1b上,AR/低塗層7b被(直接或間接)提供於內部玻璃基材2之該內表面2a上,且AR/低塗層7c被(直接或間接)提供於內部玻璃基材3之該內表面3a上。同時,AR塗層9a(其不具有金屬性或TCO IR反射層)被提供於內部玻璃基材之內部表面2b上,且低E塗層11(其具有一或多個以Ag為主之IR反射層)被提供於玻璃基材1之內表面1a上。
用於圖1-3之結合AR/低E之塗層7a、7b、7c、AR塗層9a、9b,及低E塗層11的實例於以下敘述。
圖4為一實例塗層的剖面圖,其中結合AR/低E之塗層7可被用於圖1(a)、1(b)、2及3中之結合AR/低E之塗層7a、7b及7c之一者、二者或所有三者。於例示實施例中,該塗層可經由濺鍍沉積被沉積。於此實施例中,鄰近該玻璃基材(1、2或3)之透明介電層23為氮氧化矽或包含氮氧化
矽者,透明傳導IR折射層20為一透明傳導氧化物(TCO)諸如包括銦錫氧化物(ITO)或為銦錫氧化物者,而透明介電層25為包括二氧化矽或為二氧化矽者(例如,SiO2)。於一些例示實施例中,此處任何包括氮化矽或氮氧化矽之層(例如,層23)可可擇地被以諸如鋁之金屬摻雜。例如,於例示實施例中,氮氧化矽層23可以自約0.5-10%之鋁摻雜,更佳自約2-6%之鋁(對於此處所有此等百分比,為原子%)。
於結合AR/低E之塗層中,層23及25被提供用於AR訴求,而透明傳導層20被提供用於低E IR反射訴求。因此,對於此處所闡釋之原因,該塗層7(即,7a、7b,及/或7c)作為低E塗層及AR塗層兩者。於本發明之實施例中,二氧化矽層25較佳具有自約1.5至1.7之折射率(n),更佳自約1.5至1.6。於本發明之例示實施例中,氮氧化矽層23較佳具有自約1.65至1.85之折射率(n),更佳自約1.65至1.75。而含ITO之層20較佳具有比層23及25更高之折射率,以提供用於塗層7之AR型層。ITO層20較佳具有較層23及25高至少0.2或0.1之折射率。於例示實施例中,ITO層20具有自1.8至2.0之折射率(n),更佳自約1.85至1.95,實例為具有約1.9之折射率。顯示於圖4中之該等層在此處的折射率範圍(於450nm之波長下測量)使得該塗層7作為一AR塗層(除了具有低E性質之外),且於例示實施例中,一塗層(7a、7b或7c)降低每側/施用大約2.5至4.0%的可見折射。於本發明之例示實施例中,含氮氧化矽之層23為自約10-150nm厚,更佳自約10-100nm厚,更佳自約20-60nm厚,且甚至更佳為自約
30-50nm厚。於本發明之例示實施例中,含二氧化矽之層25可以小量之其他材料(例如,氮及/或鋁)摻雜,且係自約10-200nm厚,更佳自約40-140nm厚,且甚至更佳為自約70-110nm厚,實例為約90nm厚。
於本發明之例示實施例中,塗層7之含ITO之透明傳導層20(參照塗層7a、7b及7c)為比較厚的以提供低放射及低片電阻,而夠薄以仍然允許於其中可見光穿透,因此顧客可看見冷藏區中該(等)門後的食物。於例示實施例中,以ITO為主之層20為自約60-220nm厚,更佳自約75-180nm厚,甚至更佳自約90-130nm厚,且最佳自約100-120nm厚(例如,約90nm厚)。因此,於例示實施例中,ITO層20具有低片電阻同時維持至少約30%、40%、50%,或甚至至少60%之可見穿透。於例示實施例中,ITO層20(且因此塗層7)可具有少於或等於0.40之放射率(一般或半球),更佳少於或等於約0.30,甚至更佳小於或等於約0.25,而實例為約0.2之放射率。於例示實施例中,ITO層20(且因此塗層7)可具有少於或等於約40歐姆/平方之片電阻(Rs),更佳少於或等於約30歐姆/平方,且最佳少於或等於約20歐姆/平方。可擇地,層23可為氮化矽(例如,Si3N4)者,其可以小量之鋁及/或氧摻雜,且可具有如上述與層23有關之厚度。且可擇地,其他未經顯示之層亦可被包括於該塗層中,例如,包括二氧化鈦或二氧化鈦之層以及包括氮化矽或淡化系之層可被提供於該支撐玻璃基材及層23之間,而氮化矽層為最靠近該玻璃基材者。此塗層,顯示於圖4中及以上敘述者,例如,
可被用於顯示於圖1(a)、1(b)、2及3中的低E/AR組合塗層7a、7b及7c。
為了增加一冰箱門100之可見穿透,其等之一或多個窗框可包括一薄膜單一或多層抗反射(AR)塗層9a、9b。AR塗層9a及/或9b之實例顯示於圖1(a)、1(b)、2及3之冰箱門中。抗反射(AR)塗層9a、9b之實例敘述於,例如,U.S.專利文件Nos.7,588,823;6,589,658;6,586,102;12/923,146;20090148709;20090133748;20090101209;20090032098;及20070113881中,其等之整體內容被併入此處作為參考。於某些例示實施例中,當AR塗層9a、9b被施用於一玻璃基材1、2或3之一側時,可見穿透之大約3-4%估計增加可被達成,且當AR塗層9a、9b被施用於一玻璃基材1、2或3之兩側時,可見穿透之大約6-8%之估計增加可被達成。
於一例示AR塗層(9a及/或9b)中各層厚度的例示範圍為下列,自該支撐玻璃基材(1、2或3)遠離:
相似於以上,低E塗層11亦可被用於本發明之某些例示實施例中(例如,見圖1(b)、2及3),且可被提供於該等基材之任何一或多者的一或兩個表面上。一適合用於本發明之某些例示實施例之以銀為主之低E塗層11可為敘述於U.S.專利文件Nos.2009/0214880;2009/0205956;2010/0075155;2010/0104840,及12/662,561中的該等低E塗層的任何一者,該等文件之整體被併入此處作為參考。具有兩個以銀為主之層的低E塗層11之實例敘述於,例如,U.S.專利文件12/453,125及2009/0324934中,各個文件之整體內容被併入此處作為參考。另一低E塗層的實例敘述於U.S.專利公開2012/0090246(被併入此處作為參考)中,且係繪製如下,該等層體自該支撐玻璃基材1、2或3遠離而被確定:
為了進一步增加該冰箱門的光穿透,低鐵基材可可擇地被用於該等玻璃基材1、2及/或3之一或多者。低鐵基材之實例被揭示於,例如,於U.S.專利編號12/385,318,以及U.S公開號2006/0169316;2006/0249199;2007/0215205;2009/0223252;2010/0122728;及2009/0217978中,各文件之整體內容皆被併入此處作為參考。低鐵基材(1、2及/或3)之詳細實例現在被提供。例如,圖1(a)-(b)顯示根據本發明之例示實施例之冰箱門的例子,包括玻璃基材1、2及3。於某些例示實施例中,所有三個基材1-3可為低鐵基材。於某些其他的例示實施例中,該中央窗格2可為一低鐵基材,而該等兩個外側基材1及3可為具有較高(即傳統)範圍之鐵含量的浮動玻璃基材。然而,於不同例示實施例中,該等基材1-3可在傳統浮動玻璃及低鐵浮動玻璃基材之間被混合併配合。於某些例示實施例中,無低鐵基材可被提供,且於某些其他例示實施例中,僅有低鐵基材可被提供。
如此處所使用的,“於...上”、“由...支撐”及類似用語不應被認為表示兩個元件為彼此鄰近者,除非特別指明。換言之,一第一層可被稱作“於第二層上”或“由第二層支撐”,即使在其等之間有一或多個層。
於本發明之某些例示實施例中,提供一透明冰箱門/窗,其包含:至少第一及第二玻璃基材;於該第一玻璃基材之內表面上的結合抗反射及低E之塗層,因此該塗層並未暴露至鄰近於該冰箱門/窗之冷藏環境或鄰近於該冰箱門/窗之室內環境;其中該塗層包含一包含或實質上包含銦錫氧化物(ITO)之透明傳導層,其係位於至少一包含或實質上包含氮氧化矽之介電層及包含或實質上包含二氧化矽之介電層之間,且其中該包含氮氧化矽之介電層係位於至少該第一玻璃基材及該包含ITO之透明傳導層之間。
於前一段之該冰箱門/窗中,一間隙可被提供於該第一及第二玻璃基材之間。該間隙可以空氣及/或惰性氣體填充。
於前二段之任一者的冰箱門/窗中,一密封墊片可被提供於靠近該第一及第二玻璃基材的邊緣以將該第一及第二玻璃基材彼此聯結並提供其等之間的一間隙。
於前三段之任一者的冰箱門/窗中,該冰箱門/窗可具有至少約50%,更佳至少約60%之可見穿透率。
於前四段之任一者的冰箱門/窗中,該包含氮氧化矽之層可位於該第一玻璃基材及該包含ITO之透明傳導層之間並與其等直接接觸。
於前五段之任一者的冰箱門/窗中,該包含二氧化矽之層可與該包含ITO之透明傳導層直接接觸。
於前六段之任一者的冰箱門/窗中,該包含二氧化矽之層可為該塗層之最外層。
於前七段之任一者的冰箱門/窗中,該塗層可實質上包含該包含銦錫氧化物(ITO)之透明傳導層、該包含氮氧化矽之介電層,及該包含二氧化矽之介電層。
於前八段之任一者的冰箱門/窗中,該包含銦錫氧化物(ITO)之透明傳導氧化物層具有較該包含氮氧化矽之介電層及該包含二氧化矽之介電層之各自折射率高至少0.1之折射率(n)。
於前九段之任一者的冰箱門/窗中,該包含ITO之透明傳導氧化物層可為自約60-220nm厚,更佳自約90-130nm厚。
於前十段之任一者的冰箱門/窗中,該第二玻璃基材相較於該第一玻璃基材可近於,或遠於鄰近該門/窗之冷藏環境。
前十一段之任一者的冰箱門/窗可進一步包含一第三玻璃基材,其中該第二玻璃基材可位於至少該第一及第三玻璃基材之間,且其中另一結合抗反射及低E之塗層可位於該第三玻璃基材之一內部表面上,其中另一塗層可包含或實質上包含一包含銦錫氧化物(ITO)之透明傳導層,其係位於至少一包含氮氧化矽之介電層及一包含二氧化矽之介電層之間,且其中該包含氮氧化矽之介電層可位於至少
該第三玻璃基材及該另一塗層的該包含ITO之透明傳導層之間。
於前十二段之任一者的冰箱門/窗中,一抗反射位置可位於該第二玻璃基材之內表面上。
於前十三段之任一者的冰箱門/窗中,一低E塗層,包括位於至少第一及第二介電層之間的至少一包含銀之IR反射層,可位於該第二玻璃基材之內表面上。
於前十四段之任一者的冰箱門/窗中,該塗層及/或該另一塗層可具有少於或等於約30歐姆/平方之片電阻。
雖然本發明係與現在認為最符合實務且最佳之實施例相關聯而敘述,須被了解的是,本發明並非被限制於該所揭示之實施例,但是相反地,本發明係意欲涵蓋包括於該所附之申請專利範圍之精神及範圍中的各種改良及相等的設置。
100‧‧‧冰箱門
1、2、3‧‧‧玻璃基材
1a、2a、3a‧‧‧內表面
1b、2b、3b‧‧‧外表面
4‧‧‧分隔器
5‧‧‧空氣間隙
7a、7b‧‧‧AR/低E組合塗層
9a、9b‧‧‧AR塗層
Claims (30)
- 一種透明冰箱門/窗,包含:該冰箱門/窗之至少第一及第二玻璃基材,該冰箱門/窗被連接至一容納一冷藏環境的冰箱;一經濺鍍沉積之結合抗反射及低E之塗層,其係於該第一玻璃基材之一內表面上,因此該經濺鍍沉積之塗層未暴露至該鄰近於該冰箱門/窗之冷藏環境或鄰近該冰箱門/窗之室內環境;其中該經濺鍍沉積之塗層包含一包含銦錫氧化物(ITO)之透明傳導層,該透明傳導層係位於至少一包含氮氧化矽之介電層及一包含二氧化矽之介電層之間,且其中該包含氮氧化矽之介電層係位於至少該第一玻璃基材及該包含ITO之透明傳導層之間。
- 如請求項1之冰箱門/窗,其中一間隙被提供於該第一及第二玻璃基材之間。
- 如請求項2之冰箱門/窗,其中該間隙係以空氣及/或惰性氣體填充。
- 如請求項2-3之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中一密封墊片被提供靠近於該第一及第二玻璃基材之邊緣以將該第一及第二玻璃基材彼此連結並提供該間隙。
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該冰箱門/窗具有至少約50%之可見穿透率。
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該包含氮氧 化矽之層係位於該第一玻璃基材及該包含ITO之透明傳導層之間並與其等直接接觸。
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該包含二氧化矽之層可包括氮且直接接觸該包含ITO之透明傳導層。
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該包含二氧化矽之層係該塗層之最外層。
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該塗層實質上由該包含銦錫氧化物(ITO)之透明傳導層、該包含氮氧化矽之介電層,及包含二氧化矽之介電層所組成。
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該包含銦錫氧化物(ITO)之透明傳導層具有較該包含氮氧化矽之介電層及該包含二氧化矽之介電層之各自折射率高至少0.1之折射率(n)。
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該包含銦錫氧化物(ITO)之透明傳導層具有較該包含氮氧化矽之介電層及該包含二氧化矽之介電層之各自折射率高至少0.15之折射率(n)。
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,該第一及/或第二玻璃基材之玻璃包含下列重量百分比之下列成分:
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該包含ITO之 透明傳導層係自約60-220nm厚。
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該包含ITO之透明傳導層係自約90-130nm厚。
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該第二玻璃基材的位置比該第一玻璃基材近於鄰近該門/窗之冷藏環境。
- 如請求項1-14項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該第二玻璃基材的位置比該第一玻璃基材遠於鄰近該門/窗之冷藏環境。
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,進一步包含一第三玻璃基材,其中該第二玻璃基材係位於至少該第一及第三玻璃基材之間,且其中另一結合抗反射及低E之塗層係位於該第三玻璃基材之內表面上,其中該另一塗層包含一包含銦錫氧化物(ITO)之透明傳導層,該透明傳導層係位於至少一包含氮氧化矽之介電層及包含二氧化矽之介電層之間,且其中該包含氮氧化矽之介電層係位於至少該第三玻璃基材及該另一塗層的該包含ITO之透明傳導層之間。
- 如請求項17之冰箱門/窗,其中一抗反射位置係位於該第二玻璃基材之內表面上。
- 如請求項1-17之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中一低E塗層係位於該第二玻璃基材之內表面上,該低E塗層包括至少一位於至少第一及第二屆電層之間的包含銀之IR反射層。
- 如前述請求項之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該塗層具有少於或等於約30歐姆/平方之片電阻。
- 一種透明冰箱門/窗,包含:至少第一及第二玻璃基材;一結合抗反射及低E之塗層,其係位於該第一玻璃基材之內表面,因此該塗層未暴露至鄰近該冰箱門/窗之冷藏環境或鄰近該冰箱門/窗之室內環境;其中該塗層包含具有自1.8至2.0之折射率的IR反射透明傳導氧化物層,該透明傳導氧化物層係位於至少一具有自1.65至1.85之折射率的第一介電層及具有自1.5至1.7之折射率的第二介電層之間,且其中該第一介電層係位於至少該第一玻璃基材及該透明傳導氧化物層之間;且其中該透明傳導氧化物層具有較該第一及第二介電層之各自折射率高至少0.1之折射率(n)。
- 如請求項21之冰箱門/窗,其中一間隙被提供於該第一及第二玻璃基材之間,其中該間隙係以空氣及/或惰性氣體填充。
- 如請求項21-22之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該冰箱門/窗具有至少約50%之可見穿透。
- 如請求項21-23之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該第一介電層係位於該第一玻璃基材及該透明傳導氧化物層之間並與其等直接接觸。
- 如請求項21-24之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該第二介電層直接接觸該透明傳導氧化物層。
- 如請求項21-25之任一項的冰箱門/窗,其中該透明傳導氧化物層包含ITO。
- 如請求項26之冰箱門/窗,其中該包含ITO之透明傳導氧化物層係自約90-130nm厚。
- 一種透明冰箱門/窗,包含:一玻璃基材;於該玻璃基材之相反主要表面的第一及第二塗層;其中該第一塗層為一抗反射塗層或一低E塗層;且其中該第二塗層為結合抗反射及低E之塗層,其包含一包含銦錫氧化物(ITO)之透明傳導層,該透明傳導層係位於至少一包含氮氧化矽之介電層及包含二氧化矽之介電層之間,且其中該包含氮氧化矽之介電層係位於至少該玻璃基材及該包含ITO之透明傳導層之間。
- 如請求項28之冰箱門/窗,其中該包含氮氧化矽之介電層及/或包含二氧化矽之介電層係以鋁摻雜。
- 如請求項28-29之任一項之冰箱門/窗,其中該包含二氧化矽之介電層進一步包含氮。
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US8939606B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2015-01-27 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Heatable lens for luminaires, and/or methods of making the same |
US8293344B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2012-10-23 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Articles including anticondensation coatings and/or methods of making the same |
US8834976B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2014-09-16 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Articles including anticondensation and/or low-E coatings and/or methods of making the same |
BE1019387A3 (fr) * | 2010-06-24 | 2012-06-05 | Agc Glass Europe | Vitrage isolant. |
FR2963343B1 (fr) * | 2010-07-28 | 2012-07-27 | Saint Gobain | Vitrage pourvu d'un revetement contre la condensation |
EP2450322A1 (en) * | 2010-09-13 | 2012-05-09 | Korea Electronics Technology Institute | Double window / door system for blocking infrared rays |
US20120090246A1 (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-04-19 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Refrigerator/freezer door, and/or method of making the same |
JP5778488B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-22 | 2015-09-16 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 熱線遮蔽ガラス、及びこれを用いた複層ガラス |
GB201102735D0 (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2011-03-30 | Pilkington Group Ltd | Coated glazing |
BE1019881A3 (fr) * | 2011-03-16 | 2013-02-05 | Agc Glass Europe | Vitrage isolant. |
US20130019616A1 (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-24 | Hussmann Corporation | Heat absorbing door for a refrigerated merchandiser |
US9556066B2 (en) * | 2011-12-13 | 2017-01-31 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Insulating glass units with low-E and antireflective coatings, and/or methods of making the same |
US20130319598A1 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2013-12-05 | Cardinal Ig Company | Asymmetrical insulating glass unit and spacer system |
KR101596082B1 (ko) * | 2012-11-09 | 2016-02-19 | (주)엘지하우시스 | 초단열 복층 유리 |
US9499438B2 (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2016-11-22 | Guardian Industries Corp. | Window for attenuating RF and IR electromagnetic signals |
-
2012
- 2012-11-30 US US13/690,133 patent/US9332862B2/en active Active
-
2013
- 2013-11-21 ES ES13799468T patent/ES2765123T3/es active Active
- 2013-11-21 BR BR112015012505-0A patent/BR112015012505B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-11-21 PL PL13799468T patent/PL2925193T3/pl unknown
- 2013-11-21 EP EP13799468.7A patent/EP2925193B1/en active Active
- 2013-11-21 MX MX2015006753A patent/MX2015006753A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2013-11-21 CN CN201380071810.XA patent/CN105025755B/zh active Active
- 2013-11-21 WO PCT/US2013/071147 patent/WO2014085171A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-11-27 TW TW102143247A patent/TW201438636A/zh unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR112015012505B1 (pt) | 2021-06-22 |
US20140154434A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
BR112015012505A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
PL2925193T3 (pl) | 2020-04-30 |
MX2015006753A (es) | 2015-08-05 |
EP2925193B1 (en) | 2019-10-30 |
CN105025755B (zh) | 2020-09-22 |
EP2925193A1 (en) | 2015-10-07 |
WO2014085171A1 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
CN105025755A (zh) | 2015-11-04 |
ES2765123T3 (es) | 2020-06-05 |
US9332862B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 |
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