TW201405231A - 壓電電泳顯示裝置 - Google Patents

壓電電泳顯示裝置 Download PDF

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TW201405231A
TW201405231A TW102121083A TW102121083A TW201405231A TW 201405231 A TW201405231 A TW 201405231A TW 102121083 A TW102121083 A TW 102121083A TW 102121083 A TW102121083 A TW 102121083A TW 201405231 A TW201405231 A TW 201405231A
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electrophoretic
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piezoelectric material
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TWI605290B (zh
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Bryan H Chan
Craig Lin
Hongmei Zang
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Sipix Imaging Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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Abstract

本發明係關於不連接至電源便可驅動之壓電電泳顯示裝置之多種設計。該壓電電泳顯示裝置包含電泳層、導體層及壓電材料層。亦提供製造該等壓電電泳顯示裝置之方法。

Description

壓電電泳顯示裝置
本發明係關於不連接至電源便可驅動之壓電電泳顯示裝置及其製造方法。
電泳顯示裝置(EPD)為基於分散於溶劑或溶劑混合物中之帶電顏料粒子之電泳現象之不發光裝置。顯示裝置典型地包含具有彼此相對置放之電極之兩塊板。該等電極之一通常為透明的。由其中分散有帶電顏料粒子之有色溶劑構成之電泳液係封閉於兩塊板之間。在兩個電極之間施加電壓差時，顏料粒子遷移至一側或另一側，使得自觀察側可見顏料粒子之顏色或溶劑之顏色。
或者，電泳液可包含顏色形成對比且攜帶相反電荷之兩種類型之帶電顏料粒子，且兩種類型之帶電顏料粒子係分散於透明溶劑或溶劑混合物中。在此情況下，當在兩個電極板之間施加電壓差時，兩種類型之帶電顏料粒子會向顯示單元之相反端(頂部或底部)移動。從而在顯示單元之觀察側會見到兩種類型之帶電顏料粒子之顏色之一。
驅動電泳顯示裝置需要諸如電池之電源以向顯示裝置及/或其驅動電路供電。為產生電場，電源可為驅動IC。電場亦可能需要藉由電路增強。在任何情況下，需要經由導線將電源物理連接至電泳顯示裝置及其驅動電路。
本發明係關於包含電泳層、導體層及壓電材料層之壓電電泳顯示裝置。電泳層及壓電材料層可共接導體層。電泳層及壓電材料層可經由導線共接導體層。
在一個具體實例中，顯示裝置包含(a)夾入第一導體層與第二導體層之間之第一壓電材料層，(b)夾入第三導體層與第四導體層之間之第二壓電材料層及(c)夾入第二導體層與第三導體層之間之電泳層。第一導體層與第四導體層可連接。
在一個具體實例中，顯示裝置包含夾入第一導體層與第二導體層之間之電泳層及夾入第三導體層與第四導體層之間之壓電材料層，其中第一導體層與第三導體層連接且第二導體層與第四導體層連接。
在一個具體實例中，顯示裝置包含電泳層及壓電材料層，兩者均夾入兩個導體層之間。
在一個具體實例中，顯示裝置包含夾入第一導體層與第三導體層之間之電泳層及夾入第二導體層與第三導體層之間之壓電材料層，其中第一導體層與第二導體層連接。
在一個具體實例中，顯示裝置包含夾入第一導體層與第二導體層之間之壓電材料層及夾入第二導體層與第三導體層之間之電泳層。第一導體層與第三導體層可連接。
在一個具體實例中，壓電電泳顯示裝置包含夾入兩個壓電材料層之間之電泳層。
在一個具體實例中，壓電電泳顯示裝置包含夾入第一導體層與第二導體層之間之電泳層及在一側與第一導體層及第二導體層接觸且在另一側與第三導體層接觸之壓電材料層，其中壓電材料層及第三導體層係摺疊成U形。電泳層可展開或摺疊。
在一個具體實例中，電泳層係基於微杯(microcup)。在另一個具體實例中，電泳層係基於微囊。
圖1至10說明本發明之各種結構設計。
圖11a及11b說明可如何製備無基板電泳膜。
圖12描繪交替使用電泳材料及壓電材料形成膜。
本發明人目前已發現某些不需要電池電源或有線電源以使電泳顯示裝置操作之壓電電泳顯示結構設計。此電泳顯示裝置之總成因此得到簡化。
壓電為電荷聚積於固態材料中作為對所施加之機械應力的反應。適用於本發明之材料可包括聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)、石英(SiO2)、磷鐵鋁礦(AlPO4)、正磷酸鎵(GaPO4)、電氣石、鈦酸鋇(BaTiO3)、鋯鈦酸鉛(PZT)、氧化鋅(ZnO)、氮化鋁(AIN)、鉭酸鋰、矽酸鎵鑭、酒石酸鉀鈉及任何其他已知壓電材料。
圖1至10說明本發明之各種結構設計。
在圖1中，存在4個導體層(C1至C4)。第一壓電材料層(P1)係夾入C1與C2之間且第二壓電材料層(P2)係夾入C3與C4之間。電泳層(E)係夾入C2與C3之間。施加機械應力時，壓電材料P1及P2分別使C1與C2及C3與C4之間產生電壓電位差。C2與C3之間之電壓電位差又驅動電泳層E。
「電泳層」在本發明之情形下可包含填充有電泳液之微容器。微容器可為微囊(如美國專利第5,930,026號中所描述)或微杯(如美國專利第6,930,818號中所描述)。電泳液包含分散於溶劑或溶劑混合物中之 一種、兩種或兩種以上類型之帶電顏料粒子。
應注意術語「電泳層」或「電泳膜」不包括塑膠基板層(例如PET)或導體層(例如ITO)。因此，「電泳層或膜」亦可被稱作「無基板電泳層或膜」。術語「電泳層或膜」之更多細節係在以下部分中給出。
圖1之壓電電泳顯示裝置可以多種方法製備。舉例而言，壓電材料層可藉由層合而夾入兩個導體層之間。或者，可市購獲得夾入兩個導體層之間之壓電材料。電泳層(E)可隨後建構於C3-P2-C4頂上且夾入C1與C2之間之另一個壓電材料層(P1)係層合於電泳層(E)上。或者，電泳層可藉由層合而夾入兩組導體-壓電-導體層之間。
圖2中之設計與圖1類似，除了導體層C1及C4係藉由導線(C)連接。在此情況下，C1與C4具有相同電壓電位。導線可為經摺疊以與導體層C1及C4均接觸之連接線或導體薄片材料。
圖3描繪一種替代設計。電泳層(E)係夾入導體層C1與C2之間且分別地，壓電材料層(P)係夾入導體層C3與C4之間。但導體層C1及C3係經由導線C連接，且導體層C2及C4係經由導線C'連接。在此情況下，C1與C2之間之電壓電位差與向壓電材料施加機械應力時由壓電材料產生之C3與C4之間之電壓電位差相同。
如所述，夾入兩個導體層(C3及C4)之間之壓電材料(P)可購得。夾入兩個導體層(C1及C2)之間之電泳層可藉由已知方法製備。
在圖4中，電泳層E及壓電材料層(P)共接導體層。如所示，電泳層(E)及壓電材料層(P)均夾入導體層C1與C2之間。因此藉由壓電材料產生之電壓電位差將用於驅動電泳層E。
圖4之壓電電泳結構可以多種方法製備。舉例而言，壓電材料(P)及電泳層(E)可分別建構於導體層(C2)上且最後在壓電材料與電泳層上層合另一導體層(C1)。
或者，電泳層可建構於C2上且隨後移除電泳層之一部分且先前由所移除之電泳層佔據之空間隨後以壓電材料填充。第二導體層(C1)隨後層合於壓電材料與電泳層上。
在圖中，壓電材料與電泳層之間似乎存在間隙。然而，該間隙並非必需的。換言之，電泳層可與壓電材料直接接觸。
在圖5中，電泳層E及壓電材料層(P)共接共同底部導體層C3。但頂部導體層C1及C2分離且因此，需要導線C連接導體層C1及C2。由於C1與C2連接，因此此設計之操作與圖4類似。
圖5之結構可以與圖4之結構類似之方式製備，除了兩個各別導體層(C1及C2)分別層合於電泳層(E)及壓電材料(P)上。
在圖6中，存在3個導體層C1至C3。壓電材料層(P)係夾入導體層C1與C2之間且電泳層(E)係夾入導體層C2與C3之間。電泳層係由C2與C3之間之電壓電位差驅動。
此設計中之電泳層(E)可建構於一組層C2-P-C1上且另一導體層C3係層合於電泳層(E)上。
圖7中之設計與圖6類似，除了導體層C1及C3係經由導線(C)連接。在此情況下，C1及C3具有相同電壓電位。
在圖8中，電泳層(E)係夾入兩個壓電材料層(P1及P2)之間。在施加於壓電層之機械應力下，產生電場以驅動電泳層。
圖9及10描繪U形壓電電泳設計。
在圖9中，首先將壓電材料夾入一個導體層C3與位於相反側之兩個導體層C1及C2之間。導體層C1與C2彼此間不接觸。電泳層(E)僅置放於導體層(C1或C2)之一之頂上。為形成壓電電泳顯示裝置，在此實施例中，面板之C2-P-C3側係摺疊於電泳層(E)上。在此情況下，當向壓電材料層(P)施加機械應力時，導體層C1與C2之間產生驅動電泳層之 電壓電位差。
圖10描繪類似設計，除了電泳層(E)實質上延伸遍及壓電材料(P)之長度。在此實施例中，當面板摺疊成U形結構時，導體層C1與C2之間亦存在摺疊電泳層。該摺疊電泳層可以與圖9相同之方式驅動。
在存在超過一個壓電材料層之上述任何設計中，不同層中之材料可相同或不同。
「電泳層或膜」或「無基板電泳層或膜」之製備係展示於圖11a及11b中。如上所述，「電泳層或膜」或「無基板電泳層或膜」在本申請案之情形下不具有附接至其之導體層及/或基板層(諸如層合有導體層之PET層)。
該電泳層或膜包含填充於微容器(諸如如美國專利第6,930,818號中所描述之微杯或如美國專利第5,930,026號中所描述之微囊，該等專利以引用之方式併入本文中)內之電泳液及支撐電泳液之任何介電層，包括例如黏合劑材料、基質材料、黏著層、密封層、底塗層或任何其他電極保護層以提供功能性支撐。
在基於微杯之電泳層的情況下，在基板層上形成微杯，隨後填充電泳液且密封。在基於微囊之電泳層的情況下，將內部封閉有電泳液之微杯與黏合劑材料混合且塗佈混合物於基板層上。
基於微杯或基於微囊之上述電泳總成之製造方法均可以連續方式進行。基於微杯之電泳層甚至可藉由卷軸式連續方法製造。因此，由微杯或微囊技術形成之電泳層沿腹板方向為連續的或實質上連續的，其意謂電泳層沿腹板方向不存在有意破裂。若存在任何破裂，則通常其涉及極小區域且僅作為方法之缺陷之結果存在。
如圖11所示，電泳層(110)係夾入基板層(112)與離型襯墊(111)之間。基板層(112)可包含電極層(圖中未示)及視情況存在 之其他層，諸如釋放層(112a)。離型襯墊(111)係層合於視情況具有黏著層(111a)之電泳層上。
為形成無基板電泳層或膜，移除基板層(112)及與基板層相關聯之層，此可藉由機械手段(諸如刮削)實現。基板層自身亦可具有釋放特性。若視情況存在之釋放層(112a)存在於基板層(112)與電泳層(110)之間，則在彼情況下，釋放層(112a)可藉由雷射、UV光、熱或類似者觸發基板層(112)之釋放。可調節釋放層(112a)以在壓花期間給予微杯之形成足夠固持，同時仍能夠在需要時自其中釋放。
亦有可能自電泳層剝離基板層。
可剝離離型襯墊(111)。黏著層(111a)(若存在)可保留於電泳層上。若初始總成中無黏著層，則在轉移所分離之電泳層時可塗覆黏著層。
在移除基板層(112)以及視情況存在之其他層及離型襯墊之後，剩餘電泳層可切割成所需尺寸之片。切割可藉由吻切或類似方式實現。
圖11b展示製造無基板電泳層或膜之替代順序。在此情況下，在移除基板層(112)以及視情況存在之其他層及離型襯墊(111)之前進行切割。
在圖12中，所分離之電泳層係轉移至導體層(123)上。電泳層(120)之間之空間隨後以壓電材料(121)填充。可藉由任何塗佈、印刷或轉變方法將壓電材料整合至腹板上之空白空間中。壓電材料將至少佔據無電泳材料之區域。其中一些部分可與不連續電泳材料重疊。亦有可能首先沈積壓電材料，隨後轉移電泳層。任一方法可以間斷(stop-and-go)方式或以連續方式實施。隨後可切割具有壓電材料及電泳層交替圖案之成品以形成壓電電泳總成，諸如圖3至5中所示。
亦有可能將無基板電泳層或膜與導體層及壓電材料層堆疊以組裝成諸如圖1、2及6至8中所示之結構。
如圖11至12中說明之方法能夠整合一卷膜，其上之電泳層沿腹板方向反覆間雜有非電泳材料(在此情況下為壓電材料)。電泳材料之此間雜係有意地進行以鄰近於其置放非電泳材料。所分離之電泳層可具有界限分明的鮮明形狀，例如覆蓋橫越腹板方向之條紋之矩形形狀。
雖然本發明已參考其特定具體實例加以描述，但熟習此項技術者應理解，在不脫離本發明之真實精神及範疇之情況下，可進行各種改變且可替代等效物。另外，可進行許多修改以使特定情形、材料、組成物、方法、一或多個方法步驟適合於本發明之目標、精神及範疇。希望所有此等修改屬於隨附申請專利範圍之範疇內。
C1‧‧‧導體層
C2‧‧‧導體層
C3‧‧‧導體層
C4‧‧‧導體層
P1‧‧‧壓電材料層
P2‧‧‧壓電材料層
E‧‧‧電泳層

Claims (18)

  1. 一種壓電電泳顯示裝置，其包含電泳層、導體層及壓電材料層。
  2. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之顯示裝置，其中該電泳層及該壓電材料層共接該導體層。
  3. 根據申請專利範圍第2項之顯示裝置，其中該電泳層及該壓電材料層經由導線共接該導體層。
  4. 根據申請專利範圍第2項之顯示裝置，其包含(a)夾入第一導體層與第二導體層之間之第一壓電材料層，(b)夾入第三導體層與第四導體層之間之第二壓電材料層及(c)夾入該第二導體層與該第三導體層之間之該電泳層。
  5. 根據申請專利範圍第4項之顯示裝置，其中該第一導體層與該第四導體層連接。
  6. 根據申請專利範圍第2項之顯示裝置，其中該電泳層係夾入第一導體層與第二導體層之間，該壓電材料層係夾入第三導體層與第四導體層之間，該第一導體層與該第三導體層連接，且該第二導體層與該第四導體層連接。
  7. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之顯示裝置，其中該電泳層及該壓電材料層均夾入兩個導體層之間。
  8. 根據申請專利範圍第2項之顯示裝置，其中該電泳層係夾入第一導體層與第三導體層之間，該壓電材料層係夾入第二導體層與第三導體層之間，且該第一導體層與該第二導體層連接。
  9. 根據申請專利範圍第2項之顯示裝置，其中該壓電材料層係夾入第一導體層與第二導體層之間，且該電泳層係夾入該第二導體層與第三導體層之間。
  10. 根據申請專利範圍第9項之顯示裝置，其中該第一導體層與該第三導體層連接。
  11. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之顯示裝置，其中該電泳層係基於微杯。
  12. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之顯示裝置，其中該電泳層係基於微囊。
  13. 一種壓電電泳顯示裝置，其包含夾入兩個壓電材料層之間之電泳層。
  14. 一種U形壓電電泳顯示裝置，其包含夾入第一導體層與第二導體層之間之電泳層及在一側與該第一導體層及該第二導體層接觸且在另一側與第三導體層接觸之壓電材料層，其中該壓電材料層及該第三導體層係摺疊成U形。
  15. 根據申請專利範圍第14項之顯示裝置，其中該電泳層展開。
  16. 根據申請專利範圍第14項之顯示裝置，其中該電泳層摺疊。
  17. 根據申請專利範圍第14項之顯示裝置，其中該電泳層係基於微杯。
  18. 根據申請專利範圍第14項之顯示裝置，其中該電泳層係基於微囊。
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WO2013191983A1 (en) 2013-12-27
JP6453371B2 (ja) 2019-01-16
JP2017129869A (ja) 2017-07-27
JP2015528122A (ja) 2015-09-24
US9025238B2 (en) 2015-05-05
EP2864836A1 (en) 2015-04-29
JP6178849B2 (ja) 2017-08-09
JP6697062B2 (ja) 2020-05-20
US20130342892A1 (en) 2013-12-26
EP2864836B1 (en) 2017-05-24

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