TW201311710A - 磷酸酯衍生物 - Google Patents
磷酸酯衍生物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201311710A TW201311710A TW101122908A TW101122908A TW201311710A TW 201311710 A TW201311710 A TW 201311710A TW 101122908 A TW101122908 A TW 101122908A TW 101122908 A TW101122908 A TW 101122908A TW 201311710 A TW201311710 A TW 201311710A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- imidazol
- ylmethyl
- mono
- phosphate
- disease
- Prior art date
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
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- C07F9/65583—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system each of the hetero rings containing nitrogen as ring hetero atom
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本發明提供一種新穎化合物或其藥學上可容許之鹽,其具有S1P裂解酶抑制能力,且誘導淋巴球數之減少;及提供含有該等作為有效成分之醫藥組成物。其係通式(I)所示之化合物或其藥學上可容許之鹽:□
Description
本發明係關於一種新穎磷酸酯衍生物或其藥學上可容許之鹽、或者含有該等作為有效成分醫藥組成物,該磷酸酯衍生物具有鞘胺醇-1-磷酸(sphingosine-1-phosphoric acid)(以下稱為S1P)裂解酶阻礙活性,且具有淋巴球數減少效果。
目前以免疫抑制劑而言,係利用例如抑制IL-2等的胞激素產生的環孢素(cyclosporine)、普樂可復(Tacrolimus)等。而且近年來,就藉由誘導血中淋巴球數之減少,而抑制免疫系統之活動之化合物,進行研究。例如,芬戈莫德(fngolimod),在活體外並未顯示抑制胞激素產生之作用,但於生物體內經磷酸化後,作用作為S1P受體激動劑,並誘導血中淋巴球數之減少。藉此而抑制免疫系統之活動(例如參照非專利文獻1)。
在與S1P受體激動劑不同之機構,作為誘導血中淋巴球數之減少的化合物,已知有2-乙醯基-4-四羥丁基咪唑(THI)(參照例如專利文獻1)。THI係藉由抑制S1P裂解酶,而誘導血中淋巴球數之減少(參照例如非專利文獻2、非專利文獻3等)。
作為此種S1P裂解酶阻礙劑,除了THI之外,已知具有多元醇作為取代基之咪唑衍生物(參照例如專利文獻2、專利文獻3、非專利文獻4、非專利文獻5等),使雜環直接結合的咪唑衍生物(參照例如專利文獻4、專利文獻5
、非專利文獻4、非專利文獻5等)等。又,作為誘導淋巴球數之減少之化合物,已知具有多元醇作為取代基的噻唑衍生物(參照例如專利文獻6)等。
[專利文獻1]國際公開第84/03441號小冊
[專利文獻2]國際公開第07/100617號小冊
[專利文獻3]國際公開第08/128045號小冊
[專利文獻4]國際公開第08/109314號小冊
[專利文獻5]美國專利申請公開第2009/0318516號說明書
[專利文獻6]國際公開第97/46543號小冊
[專利文獻7]國際公開第2011/102404號小冊
[非專利文獻1]Science, 296, 346-349(2002)
[非專利文獻2]Science, 309, 1735-1739(2005)
[非專利文獻3]Xenobiotica, 2010; 40(5): 350-356
[非專利文獻4]J. Med. Chem. 2009,52, 3941-3953
[非專利文獻5]J. Med. Chem. 2010,53, 8650-8662
但是,上述專利文獻1至7及非專利文獻1至5均無具體記載本發明之化合物。
因此,本發明之目的係提供一種新穎化合物或其藥學上可容許之鹽、及含有該等作為有效成分之醫藥組成
物,該化合物具有S1P裂解酶抑制能力,且誘導淋巴球數之減少。
本發明係提供:(1)一種通式(I)所示之化合物或者其同位素、或其藥學上可容許之鹽:
(式中,R1為氧原子或N-OH;R2為甲基;或者R1及R2可與該等鍵結之碳原子一起形成
R3為氫原子或甲基);(2)一種選自包含下列群組的化合物或者其同位素、或其藥學上可容許之鹽:磷酸單-(2-乙醯基-1H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-乙醯基-3H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-乙醯基-5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-乙醯基-5-甲基-3H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-{1-[(Z)-羥亞胺基]-乙基}-1H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-{1-[(Z)-羥亞胺基]-乙基}-3H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、
磷酸單-(2-{1-[(E)-羥亞胺基]-乙基}-1H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-{1-[(E)-羥亞胺基]-乙基}-3H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-異唑-3-基-1H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、及磷酸單-(2-異唑-3-基-3H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯;(3)一種醫藥組成物,其含有如該(1)或(2)項之化合物或者其同位素其或其藥學上可容許之鹽作為有效成分;(4)如該(3)項之醫藥組成物,其係用於預防或治療炎性腸疾病、急性肺損傷、缺血再灌流損傷、自體免疫疾病、多發性硬化症或者過敏性疾病,或者用於抑制對移植的排斥反應;(5)如該(4)項之醫藥組成物,其中炎性腸疾病係潰瘍性大腸炎或克隆氏病;(6)如該(4)項之醫藥組成物,其中自體免疫疾病係風濕性關節炎、全身性紅斑狼瘡、乾癬、抗磷脂抗體症候群、多發性肌炎、皮肌炎、全身性皮膚硬化症、修格連氏症候群、結節性多發性動脈炎、顯微鏡性多發性動脈炎、過敏性肉芽腫性血管炎、華格納氏肉芽病或混合性結合組織病;(7)如該(4)項之醫藥組成物,其中過敏性疾病係異位性皮膚炎、過敏性鼻炎、花粉症、過敏性結膜炎、過敏性胃腸炎、支氣管哮喘、幼兒氣喘、食物過敏、藥物過敏或蕁麻疹;
(8)如該(1)或(2)項之化合物或者其同位素其或其藥學上可容許之鹽之用途,其係用於製造:用於預防或治療炎性腸疾病、急性肺損傷、缺血再灌流損傷、自體免疫疾病、多發性硬化症或者過敏性疾病;或者用於抑制對移植的排斥反應之醫藥組成物;(9)一種預防或治療炎性腸疾病、急性肺損傷、缺血再灌流損傷、自體免疫疾病、多發性硬化症或過敏性疾病,或者抑制對移植的排斥反應的方法,其係包含投與哺乳動物治療有效量之該(1)或(2)項之化合物或者其同位素其或其藥學上可容許之鹽;以及(10)如該(9)項之方法,其中哺乳動物為人類。
本發明之化合物或其藥學上可容許之鹽具有優異S1P裂解酶抑制能力,可達成活體內減少血中淋巴球數的效果。而且,本發明之醫藥組成物,在哺乳動物,尤其是在人類,可治療或預防炎性腸疾病、急性肺損傷、缺血再灌流損傷、自體免疫疾病、多發性硬化症、過敏性疾病等,具有抑制對移植排斥反應的效果。
在本說明書,「藥學上可容許之鹽」,係指藉由使本發明化合物與酸或鹼反應而形成之鹽。
以鹽而言,可例舉氟化氫酸鹽、鹽酸鹽、氫溴酸鹽、碘化氫酸鹽等之鹵素化氫酸鹽;鹽酸鹽、硝酸鹽、過氯酸鹽、硫酸鹽、磷酸鹽等之無機酸鹽;甲烷磺酸鹽、
三氟甲烷磺酸鹽、乙烷磺酸鹽等之低級鏈烷磺酸鹽;苯磺酸鹽、對甲苯磺酸鹽等之芳基磺酸鹽;乙酸鹽、蘋果酸鹽、反丁烯二酸(fumaric acid)鹽、琥珀酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、抗壞血酸鹽、酒石酸鹽、草酸鹽、順丁烯二酸鹽等之有機酸鹽;鈉鹽、鉀鹽、鋰鹽等之鹼金屬鹽;鈣鹽、鎂鹽等之鹼土類金屬鹽;鋁鹽、鐵鹽等之金屬鹽;銨鹽等之無機鹽;三級辛胺鹽、二苄胺鹽、嗎福林鹽、葡萄糖胺鹽、苯基甘胺酸烷酯鹽、乙二胺鹽、N-甲基還原葡糖胺(N-methyl glucamine)鹽、胍鹽、二乙胺鹽、三乙胺鹽、二環己胺鹽、N,N'-二苄基乙二胺鹽、氯普魯卡因鹽、普魯卡因鹽、二乙醇胺鹽、N-苄基苯乙基胺鹽、六氫吡鹽、四甲銨鹽、參(羥甲基)胺基甲烷鹽等有機鹽等之胺鹽;甘胺酸鹽、離胺酸鹽、精胺酸鹽、鳥胺酸鹽、麩醯胺酸鹽、天冬素酸鹽等之胺基酸鹽等。
本發明之化合物,例如藉由有時放置於大氣中,而吸收水分,附著吸附水,而有成為水合物之情形,此種水合物亦包含於本發明之鹽。
本發明之化合物在存在咪唑環之互變異構物之情形,則完全含有各互變異構物及該等任意比率之混合物。
本發明,又係構成本發明化合物之原子1個以上,可包含以其原子之同位素所取代之化合物。在同位素有存在放射性同位素及穩定同位素之二種,以同位素之例而言,可例舉例如氫之同位素(2H及3H)、碳之同位素(11C、13C及14C)、氮之同位素(13N及15N)、氧之同位素(15O、17O及18O)、氟之同位素(18F)等。含有以同位素所標記化
合物之組成物,例如作為治療劑、預防劑、研究試藥、分析試藥、診斷劑、活體內(in vivo)影像診斷劑等極為有用。以同位素所標記之化合物也還是包含於本發明之化合物,且以同位素所標記之化合物之任意比率之混合物也全部包含於本發明之化合物。接著,以同位素所標記之本發明之化合物,係藉由該領域周知之方法,而例如可在後述本發明之製造方法中藉由使用以同位素所標記之原料以替代原料來製造。
本發明之化合物,例如可自周知之化合物,依照後述之參考例、實施例及製造例而容易地製造。
以上述方法所得本發明之化合物或其藥學上可容許之鹽,因具有優異S1P裂解酶(lyase)抑制能力,且減少淋巴球數,故可抑制免疫系統之活動。因此,為了預防或治療炎性腸疾病(IBD)(例如潰瘍性大腸炎、克隆氏病等)、急性肺損傷、缺血再灌流損傷(例如心臓、腦、肝臓、腎臓、肺等)、自體免疫疾病(例如風濕性關節炎、全身性紅斑狼瘡、乾癬、抗磷脂質抗體症候群、多發性肌炎、皮肌炎、全身性皮膚硬化症、修格連氏症候群、結節性多發性動脈炎、顯微鏡性多發性動脈炎、過敏性肉芽腫性血管炎、華格納氏肉芽病、混合性結合組織病等)、多發性硬化症(MS)、過敏性疾病(例如異位性皮膚炎、過敏性鼻炎(含花粉症)、過敏性結膜炎、過敏性胃腸炎、支氣管哮喘、幼兒氣喘、食物過敏、藥物過敏、蕁麻疹等)等,或者可使用本發明之化合物其或其藥學上可容許之鹽,作為用於抑制對移植的排斥反應之醫藥組成物
之有效成分。
含有本發明之化合物其或其藥學上可容許之鹽作為有效成分之醫藥組成物,在投與哺乳動物(例如人類、馬、牛、豬等,較佳為人類)之情形,可全身或局部投與、經口或非經口投與。
本發明之醫藥組成物,因應投與方法可選擇適切的形態,可藉由通常所使用之各種製劑之調製法來調製。
以經口用之醫藥組成物之形態而言,可例舉錠劑、藥丸、散劑、顆粒劑、膠囊劑、水劑、懸浮劑、乳劑、糖漿劑、酏劑(elixir)劑等。此等形態之醫藥組成物之調製,係在作為添加劑通常所使用之成形(forming)劑、結合劑、崩壞劑、潤助滑添加劑(slip additives)、膨脹劑、膨脹輔助劑、塗布劑、塑化劑、穩定劑、防腐劑、抗氧化劑、著色劑、溶解輔助劑、懸浮化劑、乳化劑、甜味劑、保存劑、緩衝劑、稀釋劑、濕潤劑等可依照需要適宜選擇,依照通常方法來製造而得。
以非經口用醫藥組成物之形態而言,可例舉注射劑、軟膏劑、凝膠劑、乳膏劑、罨包劑(fomentations)、黏貼劑、噴霧劑、吸入劑、噴灑劑、點眼劑、點鼻劑、栓劑(suppository)、吸入劑等。此等形態之醫藥組成物的調製,係將作為添加劑之通常所使用之穩定化劑、防腐劑、溶解輔助劑、保濕劑、保存劑、抗氧化劑、香味劑(flavoring agent)、凝膠化劑、中和劑、溶解輔助劑、緩衝劑、等張劑、界面活性劑、著色劑、緩衝化劑、增黏劑、濕潤劑、填充劑、吸收促進劑、懸浮化劑、結合劑
等,可依照需要適宜選擇,依照通常方法來製造。
本發明之化合物或其藥學上可容許之鹽之投與量,雖因症狀、年齡、體重等而不同,不過在經口投與之情形,以1日1至數次、成人一人每一次,以化合物換算量計為1至3000mg,較佳為1至1000mg,在非經口投與之情形,以1日1至數次、成人一人每一次,以化合物換算量0.01至1500mg計,較佳為0.1至500mg。
茲例舉參考例、實施例、製造例、製劑例及試驗例,進一步詳細說明本發明如下,不過本發明之範圍並非限定於該等。
將1-(2-三甲基矽烷乙氧基甲基)-1H-咪唑-4-甲醇(100g、WO01/02145)溶解於二氯甲烷(1L),在攪拌下添加三乙胺(以下稱為TEA)(122mL)、4-(N,N-二甲基胺基)吡啶(以下稱為DMAP)(5.35g),接著添加氯化三級丁基二苯基矽烷(以下稱為TBDPSCl)(149mL)。在攪拌1日後,將反應混合液以水洗淨,以無水硫酸鈉乾燥後,在減壓下餾去溶劑。以使用二氧化矽凝膠柱(商品名:Ultrapack
E、山善公司製)的驟層析(乙酸乙酯/己烷=25%→50%)精製所得之殘渣,獲得標的化合物(title compound)(146g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:-0.01(9H,s),0.91(2H,t,J=8.7 Hz),1.08(9H,s),3.48(2H,t,J=8.2 Hz),4.75(2H,s),5.22(2H,s),6.93-6.96(1H,m),7.34-7.44(6H,m),7.50-7.52(1H,m),7.68-7.73(4H,m).
將在(1)所得之化合物(30.0g)溶解於四氫呋喃(以下稱為THF)(500mL),在氬環境下一面攪拌、一面冷卻至-78℃。在本溶液,使用注射器緩慢地滴下正丁鋰(2.66M己烷溶液、36.2mL),在同溫攪拌30分鐘。接著,使用注射器添加N-甲氧基-N-甲基乙醯胺(13.1mL),持續攪拌90分鐘。在反應溶液中,添加飽和氯化銨水溶液,完成反應,並以乙酸乙酯萃取。將調配的萃取液以飽和食塩鹽水洗淨,並以無水硫酸鈉乾燥後,在減壓下餾去溶劑。以使用二氧化矽凝膠柱(商品名:HI-FLASH COLUMNS柱5L、山善公司製)的驟層析(乙酸乙酯/己烷=5%→30%)精製所得之殘渣,獲得標的化合物(24.4g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:-0.01(9H,s),0.93(2H,t,J=7.8 Hz),
1.09(9H,s),2.61(3H,s),3.57(2H,t,J=8.2 Hz),4.77(2H,s),5.73(2H,s),7.20(1H,s),7.34-7.45(6H,m),7.73-7.67(4H,m).
MS(ESI)m/z:509[(M+H)+].
將(2)所得之化合物(24.4g)溶解於THF(200mL),在攪拌下添加氟化四丁銨(以下,稱為TBAF)(1.0M THF溶液、62.7mL),持續攪拌1小時。使用胺基柱(商品名:HI-FLASH COLUMNS5L胺基、山善公司製)的驟層析(乙酸乙酯/己烷=25%→100%)精製在減壓下濃縮反應液所得之殘渣,獲得標的化合物(14.1g)。
1H-NMR(CD3OD)δ:-0.03(9H,s),0.90(2H,t,J=8.0 Hz),2.58(3H,s),3.59(2H,t,J=8.0 Hz),4.57(2H,s),5.73(2H,s),7.43(1H,s).
MS(ESI)m/z:271[(M+H)+].
將在(3)所得之化合物(2.00g)溶解於二氯甲烷(10ml)與THF(10ml)之混合溶劑,在冰冷攪拌下添加1H-四唑(1.04g),接著添加二異丙基亞磷胺二-三級丁酯(Diisopropylphosphoramidites di-tetrabutyl ester)(3.32 ml)。在同溫攪拌4小時後,將30%過氧化氫水(1.46ml)滴下反應液,慢慢地回復至室溫,同時持續攪拌17小時。在反應液添加飽和硫代硫酸鈉(thiosulphuric acid)水,在完成反應後,以乙酸乙酯萃取。萃取液係以飽和食塩鹽水洗淨,並以無水硫酸鈉乾燥後,在減壓下餾去溶劑。使用二氧化矽凝膠柱(商品名:HI-FLASH COLUMNS 5L、山善公司製)的驟層析(甲醇/氯仿=0%→10%)精製所得之殘渣,獲得標的化合物(3.42g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:-0.01(6H,s),0.90-0.96(2H,m),1.48-1.52(18H,m),2.65(3H,s),3.54-3.59(2H,m),5.00(2H,d,J=7.4 Hz),5.74(2H,s),7.36(1H,s).
MS(ESI)m/z:463[(M+H)+].
將(4)所得之化合物(3.42g)與4N之鹽酸/1,4-二烷(10ml)混合,在室溫攪拌1日。將反應混合物濃縮後,以逆相分餾HPLC精製所得之殘渣後,予以凍結乾燥,獲得標的化合物之混合物(0.335g)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-D6)δ:2.51(3H,s),4.82(2H,d,J=7.3 Hz),7.37(1H,s).
MS(ESI)m/z:221[(M+H)+].
將(5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基)甲醇鹽酸鹽、及(5-甲基-3H-咪唑-5-基)甲醇鹽酸鹽(5.00g)懸浮於二氯甲烷(100mL),在攪拌下添加TEA(14.1mL)及TBDPSCl(13.1mL),持續攪拌3日,將反應液以水稀釋,以氯仿萃取。調配的萃取液以飽和食塩鹽水洗淨,並以無水硫酸鈉乾燥後,在減壓下餾去溶劑。使用二氧化矽凝膠柱(商品名:Cartridge 40M、Biotage公司製)的驟層析(甲醇/氯仿=0%→5%)精製所得之殘渣,獲得標的化合物之混合物(7.77g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:1.05(9H,s),2.03(3H,s),4.68(2H,s),7.37-7.47(7H,m),7.66-7.68(4H,m).
將(1)所得之混合物(35.4g)溶解於乙腈(500mL),在冰冷下一面攪拌、一面添加TEA(37.8mL),接著添加2-三甲基矽烷乙氧基甲基氯化物(21.4mL),在70℃攪拌12小時。將反應混合物放冷至室溫,在減壓下餾去溶劑。將殘渣以乙酸乙酯稀釋後,以飽和食鹽水洗淨,以無水硫酸鈉乾燥。在減壓下餾去溶劑,使用二氧化矽凝膠柱(商品名:Cartridge 65i、Biotage公司製)的驟層析(乙酸乙酯/己烷=15%→50%)精製所得之殘渣,獲得作為低極性成分之4-(三級丁基二苯基矽烷氧甲基)-5-甲基-1-(2-三甲基矽烷乙氧基甲基)-1H-咪唑(17.9g)、作為高極性成分之5-(三級丁基二苯基矽烷氧甲基)-4-甲基-1-(2-三甲基矽烷乙氧基甲基)-1H-咪唑(9.42g)。
低極性成分:4-(三級丁基二苯基矽烷氧甲基)-5-甲基-1-(2-三甲基矽烷乙氧基甲基)-1H-咪唑
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ -0.02(9H,s),0.89(2H,t,J=8.2 Hz),1.04(9H,s),2.10(3H,s),3.45(2H,t,J=8.2 Hz),4.65(2H,s),5.14(2H,s),7.34-7.45(3H,m),7.75-7.70(4H,m).
MS(ESI)m/z:481[M+H]+.
高極性成分:5-(三級丁基二苯基矽烷氧甲基)-4-甲基-1-(2-三甲基矽烷乙氧基甲基)-1H-咪唑
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:-0.03(9H,s),0.89(2H,t,J=8.0 Hz),1.01(9H,s),1.92(3H,s),3.46(2H,t,J=8.3 Hz),4.68(2H,s),5.38(2H,s),7.37-7.47(3H,m),7.66-7.68(4H,m).
MS(ESI)m/z:481[M+H]+.
使用(2)所得之4-(三級丁基二苯基矽烷氧甲基)-5-甲基-1-(2-三甲基矽烷乙氧基甲基)-1H-咪唑(24.6g),與實施例1之步驟(2)相同地獲得標的化合物(11.7g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:-0.04(9H,s),0.85-0.94(2H,m),1.05(9H,s),2.18(3H,s),2.61(3H,s),3.50-3.56(2H,m),4.72(2H,s),5.75(1H,s),7.45-7.34(6H,m),7.72-7.68(4H,m).
MS(ESI)m/z:523[M+H]+.
使用(3)所得之化合物(11.7g),與實施例1之步驟(3)相同地,獲得標的化合物(5.41g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:-0.03(9H,s),0.86-0.92(2H,m),2.24(1H,t,J=5.5 Hz),2.34(3H,s),2.64(3H,s),3.52-3.57(2H,m),4.63(2H,d,J=6.0 Hz),5.80(2H,s).
MS(ESI)m/z:285[M+H]+.
使用(4)所得之化合物(5.00g),與實施例1之步驟(4)相同地,獲得標的化合物(7.32g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:-0.03(9H,s),0.86-0.90(2H,m),1.43-1.53(18H,m),2.32-2.39(3H,m),2.67-2.63(3H,m),3.51-3.57(2H,m),4.95-5.08(2H,m),5.79-5.91(2H,m).
MS(ESI)m/z:477[(M+H)+].
使用(5)所得之化合物(3.42g),與實施例1之步驟(5)相同地,獲得標的化合物之混合物(0.557g)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-D6)δ:2.20-2.25(3H,m),2.44-2.47(3H,m),4.77(2H,d,J=6.4 Hz).
MS(ESI)m/z:235[(M+H)+].
將實施例1之步驟(5)所得之混合物(25.0mg)溶解於水(2.00ml),在室溫添加氯化羥基銨(7.89mg)及乙酸鈉(18.6mg),並攪拌6小時。以過濾除去不溶物,濃縮母液,以逆相分餾HPLC精製所得之殘渣後,予以凍結乾燥,獲得標的化合物之混合物(3.70mg)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-D6)δ:2.17(1H,s),4.81(2H,s),7.19(1H,s).
MS(ESI)m/z:236[(M+H)+].
將實施例1之步驟(2)所得之化合物(5.00g)溶解於甲醇(50ml),在室溫添加氯化羥基銨(680mg)及乙酸鈉(2.07g)後,在50℃加溫並攪拌23小時。將反應液冷卻至室溫為止後,以過濾除去不溶物,使用二氧化矽凝膠柱(商品名:HI-FLASH COLUMNS 3L、山善公司製)的驟層析(乙酸乙酯/己烷=10%→70%)精製濃縮母液所得之殘渣,獲得標的化合物之混合物(4.29g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:-0.01(9H,s),0.92(2H,t,J=8.0 Hz),1.08(9H,s),2.35(3H,s),3.53(2H,t,J=7.8 Hz),4.76(2H,s),5.57(2H,s),7.02(1H,s),7.33-7.45(6H,m),7.68-7.73(4H,m).
MS(ESI)m/z:524[(M+H)+].
將步驟(1)所得之化合物(16.9g)溶解於THF(300ml),在氮氣流下一面攪拌、一面冷卻至-20℃。在本溶液滴
下正丁鋰(2.66M己烷溶液、60.7ml),在同溫攪拌30分鐘。接著添加N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(15.0ml),在同溫攪拌1小時。在反應液中於同溫添加飽和氯化銨水溶液並完成反應。將反應液回復至室溫後,以乙酸乙酯萃取。將萃取液以飽和食鹽水洗淨後,以無水硫酸鈉乾燥。在減壓下餾去溶劑,獲得3-[4-(三級丁基二苯基矽烷氧甲基)-1-(2-三甲基矽烷乙氧基甲基)-1H-咪唑-2-基]-4,5-二氫-5-異唑-5-醇之粗產物,接著供予其次步驟。
將在前步驟所得之3-[4-(三級丁基二苯基矽烷氧甲基)-1-(2-三甲基矽烷乙氧基甲基)-1H-咪唑-2-基]-4,5-二氫-5-異唑-5-醇之粗產物溶解於THF(300ml),在氮氣流下一面攪拌、一面冷卻至0℃。對本溶液添加吡啶(10.4ml)及三氟乙酸酐(17.9ml),並攪拌30分鐘。將本反應液一面回復至室溫、一面攪拌30分鐘,進一步,加溫至55℃並攪拌18小時,將反應液回復至室溫後,注入水,以乙酸乙酯萃取。將萃取液以飽和食鹽水洗淨後,以無水硫酸鈉乾燥,在減壓下餾去溶劑。以使用二氧化矽凝膠柱(商品名:HI-FLASH COLUMNS 3L、山善公司製)的驟層析(乙酸乙酯/己烷=10%→50%)精製所得之殘渣,獲得標的化合物(6.22g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:0.00(9H,s),0.97(2H,t,J=8.5 Hz),1.09(9H,s),1.26(2H,t,J=6.9 Hz),3.63(2H,t,J=8.9 Hz),4.89(2H,s),5.87(2H,s),7.35-7.48(6H,m),7.68-7.63(4H,m),8.61(1H,s).
MS(ESI)m/z:534[(M+H)+].
將在步驟(2)所得之化合物(6.22g)溶解於THF(200ml),在攪拌下添加TBAF(1.0M THF溶液、11.6ml)並攪拌4小時。以使用胺基柱(商品名:HI-FLASH COLUMNS 3L胺基、山善公司製)的驟層析(乙酸乙酯/己烷=50%→100%)精製在減壓下濃縮反應液所得之殘渣,獲得標的化合物(1.61g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:-0.05(9H,s),0.92(2H,t,J=8.3 Hz),2.10(1H,s),3.58(2H,t,J=8.3 Hz),4.68(2H,d,J=5.5 Hz),5.80(2H,s),6.97(1H,d,J=1.8 Hz),7.19(1H,s),8.45(1H,d,J=1.8 Hz).
MS(ESI)m/z:296[(M+H)+].
將在步驟(3)所得之化合物(1.61g)及1H-四唑(760mg)溶解於THF(20ml),一面攪拌、一面在室溫添加二-
三級丁基N,N-二異丙基亞磷胺(N,N-diisopropyl Phosphoroamidite)(2.45ml),並攪拌2小時。將該反應液冷卻至0℃後,添加30%過氧化氫水(0.250ml),慢慢回復至室溫,同時攪拌14小時。在反應液中添加飽和硫代硫酸鈉水溶液,使反應停止後,以乙酸乙酯萃取。將萃取液以飽和食鹽水洗淨後,以無水硫酸鈉乾燥,在減壓下餾去溶劑。以使用二氧化矽凝膠柱(商品名:SNAP Cartridge KP-Sil 100g、Biotage公司製)的驟層析(乙酸乙酯/己烷=10%→50%)精製所得之殘渣,獲得標的化合物(2.21g)。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:-0.05(9H,s),0.91(2H,t,J=7.6 Hz),1.45-1.58(18H,m),3.53-3.60(2H,m),5.02(2H,d,J=7.8 Hz),5.79(2H,s),6.94-6.95(1H,m),7.29(1H,s),8.44(1H,t,J=1.8 Hz).
MS(ESI)m/z:488[(M+H)+].
將在步驟(4)所得之化合物(1.97g)溶解於4N鹽酸/1,4-二烷溶液(45ml),並加溫至45℃,攪拌6小時,將反應液放冷後,在減壓下餾去溶劑。以逆相分餾HPLC精製所得之殘渣後,予以凍結乾燥,獲得標的化合物之混合物(348mg)。
1H-NMR(DMSO-D6)δ:3.34(2H,br s),4.82(2H,d,J=6.9 Hz),6.93 and 6.97(全部1H,分別為d,J=1.4及2.3 Hz,),7.29(1H,br s),9.00 and 9.04(全部1H,分別為d,J=2.3及2.8 Hz).
MS(ESI)m/z:246[(M+H)+].
將在實施例所得之5g化合物、90g乳糖、34g玉米澱粉、20g結晶纖維素及1g硬脂酸鎂在摻合機混合後,可獲得以打錠機打錠的錠劑。
自日本Charles River股份有限公司購入3或6週齡雄性LEW/Crj大鼠。進行1週之馴化飼育而使用於實驗。以一組3或5隻用於實驗。秤量必要量檢體後,使用研鉢‧研杵、或均質器而懸浮於0.5%MC溶液。投與液調製為每1kg體重為5mL。調製的溶液使用胃探針(probe)予以單次經口投與。經口投與前及投與後1、3、7、8、24或48小時,以二乙醚麻醉下或異氟烷(isoflurane)麻醉下開腹,自下大靜脈採血2mL,立即回收於塗布抗凝血劑(EDTA-2K)的真空密封型採血管(NIPRO股份有限公司)。倒轉均勻混合後,於室溫條件下處理至測定為止。淋巴球數之測定係使用自動血球計數裝置(ADVIA120,Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics股份有限公司)。在採血時,亦將胸腺(thymus)摘出。
實施例1、2及4之化合物係使末梢血中之淋巴球數減少。
摘出的胸腺係藉由於均質緩衝液(50mM HEPES-NaOH(pH=7.4)、0.15M NaCl、10%甘油、1mM EDTA、1mM DTT、完全蛋白酶抑制劑混合物(complete protease inhibitor cocktail(Roche,#4693132)))存在下,使用氧化鋯小珠的方法;或經切碎後,使用Potter-Elvehjem型均化器的方法之任一方法,而予以粉碎(comminution)。進一步,以超音波破碎機(sonicator)進行超音波處理後,於4℃、1000G離心3分鐘,回收上清液。上清液以布拉德福德法(Bradford method)定量蛋白質量後,並以液態氮瞬間凍結後,保存於-80℃(胸腺提取物)。
以測定S1P裂解酶活性用的均質緩衝液稀釋胸腺提取物,於含基質的[3H]dh S1P(3.4nM)的酵素反應液(0.1M K-Pi(pH=7.4)、25mM NaF、5mM Na3VO4、1mM EDTA、1mM DTT、0.1%Triton X-100、2μM冷dhS1P)於37℃使反應1小時。於冰上使反應1小時者作為陰性對照組。反應後添加氫氧化鈉成為終濃度0.1M,再添加等量CHCl3/MeOH(2:1)混合液加以攪拌,於室溫、8400G離心3分鐘後,回收水層部分,以液體閃爍計數器(liquid scintillation counter)測量放射活性。
實施例1及2之化合物係使胸腺中之S1P裂解酶活性降低。
自日本Charles River股份有限公司購入6週齡雄性BALB/e小鼠。進行1週之馴化飼育,而將已7週齡之小鼠
使用於實驗。以一組5隻用於實驗。秤量必要量檢體後,使用研鉢‧研杵而懸浮於0.5%MC溶液。投與液調製為每1kg體重為10mL。調製的溶液係使用胃探針進行單次經口投與。
乙二胺四乙酸二氫二鉀(EDTA-2K,Nacalai Tesque股份有限公司)係以注射用水溶解(5%EDTA-2K溶液)以成為5%。在經口投與前及投與後1、3、8、24、48小時以二乙醚麻醉下開腹,使用預先通過5%EDTA-2K溶液的注射器,自下大靜脈採血0.5mL。此時,亦摘出胸腺。所得血液係於室溫條件下處理至測定為止。淋巴球數之測量係使用自動血球計數裝置(ADVIA120,Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics股份有限公司)。
摘出的胸腺係藉由於均質緩衝液(50mM HEPES-NaOH(pH=7.4)、0.15M NaCl、10%甘油、1mM EDTA、1mM DTT、完全蛋白酶抑制劑混合物(complete protease inhibitor cocktail(Roche,#4693132)))存在下,使用氧化鋯小珠的方法;或經切碎後,使用Potter-Elvehjem型均質器的方法之任一方法,而予粉碎。進一步,以超音波破碎機經超音波處理後,於4℃、1000G離心3分鐘,回收上清液。上清液以布拉德福德法(Bradford method)定量蛋白質量後,以液態氮瞬間凍結後,保存於-80℃(胸腺提取物)。
以測定S1P裂解酶活性用的均質緩衝液稀釋胸腺提取物,於含基質的[3H]dh S1P(3.4nM)的酵素反應液(0.1M K-Pi(pH=7.4)、25mM NaF、5mM Na3VO4、1mM EDTA、
1mM DTT、0.1%Triton X-100、2μM冷dhS1P)中,於37℃使反應1小時。於冰上使反應1小時者作為陰性對照組。反應後添加氫氧化鈉成為終濃度0.1M,再添加等量CHCl3/MeOH(2:1)混合液加以攪拌,於室溫、8400G離心3分鐘後,回收水層部分,以液體閃爍計數器(liquid scintillation counter)測量放射活性。
使用實驗性自體免疫性腦脊髓炎(Clin.Exp.Immunol.,120,526-531(2000)、J.Neuroimmunol.,129,1-9(2002)、Annu.Rev.Immunol.,10,153-187(1992)、Eur.J.Immunol.,25,1951-1959(1995))、膠原蛋白誘導性關節炎(免疫學實驗操作手冊(Current Protocols in Immunology)(1996)15.5.1-15.5.24)、阿斯匹靈氣喘(Arthritis Rheum.2010 Jan;62(1):82-92)、GPI誘導性關節炎(Arthritis Res Ther.2008:10(3):R66.Epub 2008 Jun 5.)、抗體誘導性關節炎(J Immunol.2003 Apr 15;170(8):4318-24.)、乾癬(J Immunol.2009 May 1:182(9):5836-45.、J Clin Invest.2008 Feb;118(2):597-607.、Nature 2007 445:648-651.)、炎性腸疾病(免疫學實驗操作手冊(Current Protocols in Immunology)(2001)15.19.1-15.19.14、ProcNatlAcadSci U S A.2009 Mar 3;106(9):3300-5.Epub 2009 Feb 6.)、全身性紅斑狼瘡(免疫學實驗操作手冊(Current Protocols in Immunology)(2002)15.20.1-15.20.22)、急性肺損傷(Am.J.Respir.Cell Mol.Biol.2010 Dec.10 as doi:10.1165/rcmb.
2010-0422OC)、心臓缺血再灌流損傷(Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol(2011)May;300(5):H1753-61)等之病態模式,來進行被驗物質之評價。
根據本發明,可提供一種醫藥組成物,其係用以預防或治療炎性腸疾病、急性肺損傷、缺血再灌流損傷、自體免疫疾病、多發性硬化症或者過敏性疾病,或者抑制針對移植的排斥反應的醫藥組成物。
Claims (10)
- 一種通式(I)所示之化合物或其藥學上可容許之鹽,
- 一種選自包含下列群組的化合物或其藥學上可容許之鹽,磷酸單-(2-乙醯基-1H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-乙醯基-3H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-乙醯基-5-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-乙醯基-5-甲基-3H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-{1-[(Z)-羥亞胺基]-乙基}-1H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-{1-[(Z)-羥亞胺基]-乙基}-3H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-{1-[(E)-羥亞胺基]-乙基}-1H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-{1-[(E)-羥亞胺基]-乙基}-3H-咪唑-4- 基甲基)酯、磷酸單-(2-異唑-3-基-1H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯、及磷酸單-(2-異唑-3-基-3H-咪唑-4-基甲基)酯。
- 一種醫藥組成物,其含有如申請專利範圍第1或2項之化合物或其藥學上可容許之鹽作為有效成分。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項之醫藥組成物,其係用於預防或治療炎性腸疾病(inflammatory bowel disease)、急性肺損傷(acute lung injury)、缺血再灌流損傷(ischemia reperfusion injury)、自體免疫疾病(autoimmune disorder)、多發性硬化症(multiple sclerosis)或過敏性疾病,或者用於抑制對移植的排斥反應。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之醫藥組成物,其中炎性腸疾病係潰瘍性大腸炎(ulcerative colitis)或克隆氏病(Crohn’s disease)。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之醫藥組成物,其中自體免疫疾病係風濕性關節炎、全身性紅斑狼瘡(system lupus erythematosus)、乾癬(Psoriasis)、抗磷脂抗體症候群(antiphospholipid antibody syndrome)、多發性肌炎(polymyositis)、皮肌炎(dermato-myositis)、全身性皮膚硬化症、修格連氏症候群(Sjogren syndrome)、結節性多發性動脈炎(polyarteritis nodosa)、顯微鏡性多發性動脈炎、過敏性肉芽腫性血管炎(allergic granuromatosis angitis)、華格納氏肉芽病(Wegener’s granulo-matosis)或混合性結締組織病(connective tissue disease)。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之醫藥組成物,其中過敏性疾病係異位性皮膚炎、過敏性鼻炎、花粉症、過敏性結膜炎、過敏性胃腸炎、支氣管哮喘(bronchial asthma)、幼兒氣喘(infantile asthma)、食物過敏、藥物過敏或蕁麻疹(hives)。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第1或2項之化合物或其藥學上可容許之鹽之用途,其係用於製造:用於預防或治療炎性腸疾病、急性肺損傷、缺血再灌流損傷、自體免疫疾病、多發性硬化症或過敏性疾病;或者用於抑制對移植的排斥反應之醫藥組成物。
- 一種預防或治療炎性腸疾病、急性肺損傷、缺血再灌流損傷、自體免疫疾病、多發性硬化症或過敏性疾病,或者抑制對移植的排斥反應的方法,其係包含投與哺乳動物治療有效量之如申請專利範圍第1或2項之化合物或其藥學上可容許之鹽。
- 如申請專利範圍第9項之方法,其中哺乳動物為人類。
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