.201239336 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於使用偏光變換光學系測定採血之血液、 血清、生體等光散射檢體的旋光度之旋光度測定裝置及可 以使用於旋光度測定的偏光變換光學系以及使用該偏光變 換光學系的旋光度測定系統之旋光度測定方法（以下簡稱 「旋光度測定系統之旋光度測定方法」爲「旋光度測定方 法」），具體而言，是關於以使用模式整合部與散焦（ defocus )偏光變換光學系而使可以測定旋光度測定檢體的 糖値的濃度的方式，對人的血液、血清、手指、耳、皮膚 等照射雷射光，測定其透過光及/或反射光而可以高的測 定精度測定旋光度測定用檢體的糖質成分濃度之旋光度測 定裝置及可以使用於旋光度測定的光纖光學系之偏光變換 光學系以及使用該光學系之旋光度測定方法。 【先前技術】 作爲血液中的葡萄糖濃度的測定方法所嘗試的第1方 法，例如在專利文獻1所記載的，對手指等生體的一部分 照射紅外雷射光，分光由血管所散射的光而測定血液中所 含的葡萄糖濃度的方法。這方法利用散射光會比例於葡萄 糖濃度而減低。但是，此方法會有散射光的光強度依存於 溫度或皮膚的水分或油成分等的問題，所以沒有廣泛普及 第2方法，例如在非專利文獻1及專利文獻2等所記 -5- 201239336 載的’使相互正交的偏光成分在旋光物質中傳送而以開放 迴圈（open loop)測量其複折射率之方法。但是，此方法 測定正常人的血糖値水平之O.lg/dL (分升，1/10公升） 程度，若測定後度1 〇mm程度的葡萄糖濃度的話，誤差很 大’在光散射大的血液或手指等生體完全不能測定葡萄糖 濃度。 第3方法爲專利文獻3所記載的複折射率測定裝置來 測定的方法》此方法與本發明同樣在由偏波面保存光纖所 構成的環狀干涉計之環狀光徑中設對向平行光學系，使平 行光束傳送於檢體內，藉由測定左右兩旋光的相位差而計 測檢體的旋光度。在此方法以放入厚度10mm程度的玻璃 製小池的葡萄糖能夠以充分的精度測定到正常人的血糖値 等級之〇 . 1 g / d L。 但是，前述第3方法亦即在光纖陀螺儀的環狀光徑中 置入檢體而由兩方項對其2射入平行光者，在檢體爲例如 人的拇指或食指的根部的皺紋部的場合，其插入損失達 6 0dB以上，受光水準會低於受光器的感度，而無法測定 照射於檢體的左旋光與右旋光之相位差。此原因，是從前 的偏波面保存光纖的芯直徑在訊號光的波長爲80 0nm〜 1500nm用的場合，分別小至4〜ΙΟμηα，所以無法以充分 的結合效率接受手指的皴紋部之光的散射光的緣故。 由以上情形可知，到目前爲止已有許多嘗試進行高精 度測定採血的血液或生體的葡萄糖濃度之光學測定裝置的 開發。但是，要以高精度測定採血的血液或生體的葡萄糖 -6- 201239336 濃度是極難的，即使可以用於水果的糖度測定者，要能夠 應用於採血的血液或生體的葡萄糖濃度的測定之測定器仍 然未被實現，現況是採血的血液或生體的葡萄糖濃度的測 定不得不仰賴使用試藥的化學方法。 〔先前技術文獻〕 〔專利文獻〕 〔專利文獻1〕日本特開2004-313554號公報 〔專利文獻2〕日本特開2007-0932 89號公報 〔專利文獻3〕日本特開2005-274380號公報 〔非專利文獻〕 〔非專利文獻〕横田正幸等，「使用鉛玻璃纖維偏光 調變器之葡萄糖感測器」，第31回光波感測技術硏究會 LST31-8，PP.5 1 -5 6,2003 年 8 月 〔非專利文獻2〕梶岡，於保，「光纖陀螺儀的開發 」，第3回光波感測技術硏究會、l S T 3 - 9, P P · 5 5 - 6 2，1 9 8 9 年6月 【發明內容】 〔發明所欲解決之課題〕 如以上所述到目前爲止高精度測定採血的血液或生體 的葡萄糖濃度之光學測定裝置還未被實用化。其理由是因 爲使雷射光射入血液或生體時在生體內產生的散射非常大 ，所以檢測到的受光功率變得非常小，所以無法以高精度 測定葡萄糖濃度。 201239336 本發明係有鑑於以上之狀況而完成之發明，本發明所 欲解決之課題在於提供可以把採血之血液或生體的葡萄糖 濃度，不依賴試藥，而以醫療現場實際可以使用的高精度 即時進行測定，且容易使用的旋光度測定裝置，以及可以 使用於旋光度測定的新穎的偏光變換光學系以及使用彼之 旋光度測定方法。 〔供解決課題之手段〕 把在先端配置透鏡之光纖挾住被測定對象（檢體）而 在訊號光的光徑上對向配置，要減少由一方之光纖至另一 方光纖使光結合的光纖光學系之結合損失，只要採用使對 向的各光纖其端面位在透鏡的焦點位置之平行光光學系即 可，是眾所周知的技術思想。但是，根據本案發明人檢討 的結果，此方法並不能解決本發明之課題。 本發明與從前的技術思想不同，是藉由使用把光纖的 端面由透鏡的焦點位置移開而配置之全新的技術思想之散 焦偏光變換光學系而發現可以解決課題。進而，把模式整 合部導入偏光變換光學系，以從前所無法期待的低損失實 現以光纖挾住生體等之散射體之光學系的結合損失，而解 決了課題。以下，具體說明本發明之例。 爲了解決課題而完成之作爲本發明之例之第1發明（ 以下，稱爲「發明1」）係把先端部被配置透鏡的光纖於 訊號光的光徑挾著旋光度測定用檢體（以下稱爲「檢體」 )使其對向配置，把由前述光纖射出的訊號光照射於前述 -8 - 201239336 檢體’進行即述檢體的關於旋光度之測定的旋光度測定裝 置的發明’係特徵爲使對向配置之在前述先端部被配置透 鏡的光纖之至少一方是芯徑不同的第1光纖與第2光纖透 過模式整合部連接之單模光纖，相對地前述第1光纖爲小 芯徑.高NA (此處的NA爲開口數）單模光纖而前述第2 光纖爲大芯徑·低ΝΑ單模光纖，使前述第1光纖與第2 光纖透過模式整合部連接的單模光纖係前述第2光纖比前 接近於前述檢體之側，在前 配置透鏡的光纖之接近於前 鏡作爲輸出用及/或輸入用 透鏡」）被配置於訊號光的 部被配置透鏡的光纖之至少 面位於離開該輸出部透鏡的 置透鏡（亦即前述輸出部透 出的訊號光經過該輸出部透 檢體的訊號光及/或藉由前 部被配置透鏡的另一方光纖 檢體的旋光度的光學資訊之 光度測定裝置之發明。 ，但使用於本發明的旋光度 發揮顯著效果的偏光變換光 提高前述檢體之關聯於旋光 焦偏光變換光學系提高前述 訊的測定是最値得強調的特 述第1光纖在光徑上配置於更 述使對向配置之前述先端部被 述檢體之側的端面附近前述透 的透鏡（以下，稱爲「輸出部 光徑，前述使對向配置的先端 —方，在訊號光的光徑上其端 焦點位置的位置，先端部被配 鏡）的一方之光纖的由端面射 鏡射入前述檢體，使透過前述 述檢體反射的訊號光射入先端 的端面而可以測定關聯於前述 包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋 針對本發明將於稍後詳述 測定裝置及旋光度測定方法而 學系，使用模式整合部於光纖 度的光學資訊的測定，使用散 檢體之關聯於旋光度的光學資 -9 - 201239336 徵。例如，在測定採取的血液的關聯於旋光度的光學資訊 的測定的場合，在光纖使用模式整合部與把偏光變換光學 系採用散焦光學系都可以提高前述光學資訊的測定精度。 接著，本發明，作爲偏光變換光學系，藉由使用倂用了在 光先使用模式整合部與把偏光變換光學係採用散焦光學系 之包含模式整合部的散焦偏光變換光學系，不只是採血的 血液，連手的拇指與食指根處皺紋部那樣的生體之關聯於 旋光度的光學資訊都能夠以高精度來進行測定。在前述包 含模式整合部的散焦偏光變換光學系，藉由於光纖的端部 配置了輸出部透鏡的光纖光學系上把配置了偏光變換元件 的偏光變換光學系不採從前的平行光型而採用散焦型，而 可以實現從前的技術思想所不可能想到的程度之高的旋光 度測定感度，而進而爲了增大本發明的效果，把前述先端 部被配置透鏡的光纖，改採使前述芯徑不同的第1光纖與 第2光纖透過模式整合部連接之單模光纖，而可以實現特 別發揮顯著效果之本發明的旋光度測定裝置及旋光度測定 方法。 又，於本發明，於訊號光的光徑挾著前述檢體而被對 向配置之先端部被配置透鏡的一方之大芯徑·低NA單模 光纖與先端部被配置透鏡之另一方的大芯徑·低NA單模 光纖爲不同光纖的場合之相同之光纖是可能的。 展開發明1而完成之作爲本發明之例之第2發明（以 下稱爲發明2)，係記載於發明1之包含模式整合部之被 散焦（defocus)的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲前述先端部被 -10- 201239336 配置透鏡的一方的光纖之端面與前述先端部被配置透鏡之 另一方的光纖之端面之至少一方，位在比該輸出部透鏡的 焦點位置更接近於該輸出部透鏡的位置之包含模式整合部 之被散焦（defocus )的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1、2而完成之本發明之例之第3發明 (以下，稱爲發明3 )，係於發明1或2所記載之包含模 式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲前述一方之 先端部被配置透鏡的光纖之端面與前述另一方之先端部被 配置透鏡的光纖之端面之至少一方，與該輸出部透鏡的表 面之距離爲〇.6m以下之包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光 度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1〜3而完成之本發明之例之第4發明 (以下，稱爲發明4 )，係於發明1〜3之任一所記載之包 含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲前述一 方之先端部被配置透鏡的光纖之端面與前述另一方之先端 部被配置透鏡的光纖之端面之至少一方，在比該輸出部透 鏡的焦點位置更遠離該輸出部透鏡的位置，且在該光纖的 端面之影像藉由該輸出部透鏡而成像於該檢體的射出面（ 亦即，由該光纖射入該檢體的訊號光由該檢體射出之面） 的位置之包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發 明。 作爲展開發明1〜4而完成之本發明之例之第5發明 (以下，稱爲發明5)，係於發明1〜4之任一所記載之包 含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲於訊號 -11 - 201239336 光的光徑挾著前述檢體使其對向配置之一方之先端部被配 置透鏡的光纖與另一方之先端部被配置透鏡的光纖爲同一 ，亦即爲相同的光纖之包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度 測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1〜5而完成之本發明之例之第6發明 (以下，稱爲發明6 )，係於發明1〜5之任一所記載之包 含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲於前述 先端部被配置透鏡的光纖的先端部與該輸出部透鏡係相互 被固定的包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發 明。 作爲展開發明1〜6而完成之本發明之例之第7發明 (以下，稱爲發明7 )，係於發明1〜6之任一所記載之包 含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲於前述 一方之先端部被配置透鏡的光纖與前述另一方之先端部被 配置透鏡的光纖之至少一方，在該先端部被配置透鏡的光 纖之端面與該輸出部透鏡之間被配置法拉第旋轉元件與四 分之一波長板與偏光子之中的至少1個之包含模式整合部 之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1〜7而完成之本發明之例之第8發明 (以下，稱爲發明8 )，係於發明1〜7之任一所記載之包 含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲於前述 先端部被配置透鏡的一方之光纖與前述先端部被配置透鏡 的另一方之光纖之至少一方，在該先端部被配置透鏡的光 纖之輸出部透鏡與前述檢體之間被配置法拉第旋轉元件與 -12- 201239336 四分之一波長板與偏光子之中的至少1個之包含模式整合 部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1〜8而完成之本發明之例之第9發明 (以下，稱爲發明9 )，係於發明1〜8之任一所記載之包 含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲於前述 模式整合部使用芯擴大光纖與芯縮小光纖之一方或雙方的 包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 本發明之包含模式整合部的被散焦的旋光度測定裝置 ，可以在前述模式整合部使用芯擴大光纖與芯縮小光纖之 雙方。 作爲展開發明1〜9而完成之本發明之例之第10發明 (以下，稱爲發明1 〇 )，係於發明1〜9之任一所記載之 包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲包含 前述模式整合部的被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，係前述先端 部被配置透鏡的光纖與包含前述光纖的一部分而構成的對 向散焦偏光變換光學系與前述檢體構成環狀光干涉系之環 狀光徑，可以藉由測定於前述環狀光徑之兩方向傳送的光 的相位差而測定前述檢體的旋光度之包含模式整合部之被 散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明10而完成之本發明之例之第11發明（ 以下，稱爲發明1 1 )，係於發明1 〇所記載之包含模式整 合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲包含前述模式整 合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，於環狀干涉系的環狀光 徑傳送作爲右旋訊號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光之偏光， -13- 201239336 環狀干涉系之環狀光徑的光纖部分使作爲右旋訊號 光與作爲左旋訊號之偏光以同一固有偏光模式於相 分別作爲右旋訊號光與左旋訊號光而傳送，前述檢 在相互正交的偏光狀態以分別作爲右旋訊號光與左 光而傳送訊號光的方式構成環狀光徑之包含模式整 被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1〜11而完成之本發明之例之第 明（以下，稱爲發明1 2 )，係於發明1〜1 1之任一 之包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特 與光徑成直角的方向上具有可以掃描前述檢體及/ 偏光變換光學系的機構的包含模式整合部之被散焦 度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1〜12而完成之本發明之例之第 明（以下，稱爲發明1 3 )，係於發明1〜1 2之任一 之包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特 述檢體爲生體之一部分，前述旋光度測定裝置，爲 前述檢體的相關於旋光度的光學資訊，而具有作爲 號光的相位差之檢測手段的一部分，使與生體的脈 或人爲造成的測定部位的厚度等之該生體的一部分 期性改變的週期同步而檢測前述相位差的手段之包 整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1〜1 3而完成之本發明之例之第 明（以下，稱爲發明1 4 )，係於發明1〜1 3之任一 之包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特 光之偏 同光纖 體部分 旋訊號 合部之 12發 所記載 徵爲在 或前述 的旋光 13發 所記載 徵爲前 了測定 前述訊 搏及/ 尺寸週 含模式 14發 所記載 徵爲前 -14- 201239336 述檢體爲生體的一部分，前述旋光度測定裝置具有挾住測 定前述檢體的關聯於旋光度的光學資訊的部分之測定端子 的包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1〜14而完成之本發明之例之第15發 明（以下，稱爲發明1 5 )，係於發明1〜1 4之任一所記載 之包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲可 以調整前述一方之先端部被配置透鏡的光纖的輸出部透鏡 與另一方之先端部被配置透鏡的光纖的輸出部透鏡之距離 的透鏡間距離調整手段之包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光 度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1〜1 5而完成之本發明之例之第1 6發 明（以下，稱爲發明1 6 )，係於發明1〜1 5之任一所記載 之包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲光 源的波長爲1 300nm帶，而前述大芯徑·低NA偏波面保 存光光纖的芯徑爲40μπι，NA爲0.06±0.01之包含模式整 合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明》 ΝΑ比0.05更小的話，光纖之彎曲導致的損失變大。 此外，比0.08更大的話，射出光的擴開導致的損失變大 〇 作爲供解決課題而完成之本發明之例之第1 7發明（ 以下，稱爲發明17)係把先端部被配置透鏡的光纖於訊號 光的光徑挾著光散射檢體等之檢體而對向配置，把由前述 先端部被配置透鏡之一方的光纖的端面射出的訊號光射入 前述檢體，使透過前述檢體的訊號光及/或藉由前述檢體 -15- 201239336 反射的訊號光射入先端部被配置透鏡之另一方光纖之端面 而可以測定前述檢體之關聯於旋光度的光學資訊之旋光度 測定裝置之發明，其特徵爲：被配置於前述先端部被配置 透鏡之一方光纖的射入前述檢體的訊號光的輸出部及/或 被配置於來自前述檢體的訊號光（射入前述檢體的前述訊 號光透過前述檢體之光及/或藉由前述檢體反射或散射的 光）的輸入部的透鏡與前述先端部被配置透鏡的另一方光 纖的輸出部透鏡之至少一方，形成該光纖的端面不在該輸 出部透鏡的焦點位置的被散焦的光纖光學系之被散焦的旋 光度測定裝置。 作爲展開發明1 7而完成之本發明之例之第1 8發明（ 以下稱爲發明18)，係記載於發明18之包被散焦（ defocus)的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲前述先端部被配置透 鏡的一方的光纖之端面與前述先端部被配置透鏡之另一方 的光纖之端面之至少一方，位在比該輸出部透鏡的焦點位 置更接近於該輸出部透鏡的位置之被散焦（defocus)的旋 光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明17、18而完成之本發明之例之第19發 明（以下，稱爲發明1 9 )，係於發明1 7或1 8所記載之被 散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲前述一方之先端部被配置 透鏡的光纖之端面與前述另一方之先端部被配置透鏡的光 纖之端面之至少一方，與該輸出部透鏡的表面之距離爲 0.6m以下之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1 7〜1 9而完成之本發明之例之第20發 -16- 201239336 明（以下，稱爲發明20 )，係於發明1 7〜1 9之任一所記 載之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲前述一方之先端部 被配置透鏡的光纖之端面與前述另一方之先端部被配置透 鏡的光纖之端面之至少一方，在比該輸出部透鏡的焦點位 置更遠離該輸出部透鏡的位置，且在該光纖的端面之影像 藉由該輸出部透鏡而成像於該檢體的射出面（亦即，由該 光纖射入該檢體的訊號光由該檢體射出之面）的位置之被 散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明17〜20而完成之本發明之例之第21發 明（以下，稱爲發明2 1 )，係於發明1 7〜2 0之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲 於訊號光的光徑挾著前述檢體使其對向配置之先端部被配 置透鏡的一方之光纖與先端部被配置透鏡的另一方之光纖 爲同一，亦即爲相同的光纖之包含模式整合部之被散焦的 旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1 7〜2 1而完成之本發明之例之第22發 明（以下，稱爲發明2 2 )，係於發明1 7〜2 1之任一所記 載之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲於前述先端部被配 置透鏡的光纖的先端部與該輸出部透鏡係相互被固定的被 散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明17〜22而完成之本發明之例之第23發 明（以下，稱爲發明23 )，係於發明17〜22之任一所記 載之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲於前述一方之先端 部被配置透鏡的光纖與前述另一方之先端部被配置透鏡的 -17- 201239336 光纖之至少一方，在該光纖之端面與該輸出部透鏡之間被 配置法拉第旋轉元件與四分之一波長板與偏光子之中的至 少1個之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1 7〜23而完成之本發明之例之第24發 明（以下，稱爲發明24 )，係於發明1 7〜23之任一所記 載之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲於前述一方之先端 部被配置透鏡的光纖與前述另一方之先端部被配置透鏡的 光纖之至少一方，在該光纖之輸出部透鏡與前述檢體之間 被配置法拉第旋轉元件與四分之一波長板與偏光子之中的 至少1個之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明》 作爲展開發明17〜24而完成之本發明之例之第25發 明（以下，稱爲發明2 5 )，係於發明1 7〜24之任一所記 載之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲包含前述模式整合 部的被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，係前述先端部被配置透鏡 的光纖與包含前述光纖的一部分而構成的對向散焦偏光變 換光學系與前述檢體構成環狀光干涉系之環狀光徑，可以 藉由測定於前述環狀光徑之兩方向傳送的光的相位差而測 定前述檢體的旋光度之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明25而完成之本發明之例之第26發明（ 以下，稱爲發明26)，係於發明25所記載之被散焦的旋 光度測定裝置，特徵爲包含前述模式整合部之被散焦的旋 光度測定裝置，於環狀干涉系的環狀光徑傳送作爲右旋訊 號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光之偏光，環狀干涉系之環狀 光徑的光纖部分使作爲右旋訊號光之偏光與作爲左旋訊號 -18 - 201239336 之偏光以同一固有偏光模式於相同光纖分別作爲右旋訊號 光與左旋訊號光而傳送，前述檢體部分在相互正交的偏光 狀態以分別作爲右旋訊號光與左旋訊號光而傳送訊號光的 方式構成環狀光徑之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明1 7〜26而完成之本發明之例之第27發 明（以下，稱爲發明27 )，係於發明1 7〜26之任一所記 載之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲在與光徑成直角的 方向上具有可以掃描前述檢體及/或前述偏光變換光學系 的機構的被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明17〜27而完成之本發明之例之第28發 明（_以下，稱爲發明2 8 )，係於發明1 7〜2 7之任一所記 載之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲前述檢體爲生體之 一部分，前述旋光度測定裝置，爲了測定前述檢體的相關 於旋光度的光學資訊，而具有作爲前述訊號光的相位差之 檢測手段的一部分，使與生體的脈搏及/或人爲造成的測 定部位的厚度等之該生體的一部分尺寸週期性改變的週期 同步而檢測前述相位差的手段之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置 之發明。 作爲展開發明1 7〜28而完成之本發明之例之第29發 明（以下，稱爲發明29 )，係於發明17〜28之任一所記 載之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲前述檢體爲生體的 一部分，前述旋光度測定裝置具有挾住測定前述檢體的關 聯於旋光度的光學資訊的部分之測定端子的被散焦的旋光 度測定裝置之發明。 -19" 201239336 作爲展開發明17〜29而完成之本發明之例之第30發 明（以下，稱爲發明30)，係於發明17〜29之任一所記 載之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲可以調整前述一方 之先端部被配置透鏡的光纖的輸出部透鏡與另一方之先端 部被配置透鏡的光纖的輸出部透鏡之距離的透鏡間距離調 整手段之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明17〜30而完成之本發明之例之第31發 明（以下，稱爲發明3 1 )，係於發明1 7〜3 0之任一所記 載之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲光源的波長爲 1 3 OOnm帶，而前述大芯徑·低NA偏波面保存光光纖的芯 徑爲40μιη，ΝΑ爲0.06±0.01之被散焦的旋光度測定裝置 之發明。 作爲供解決課題而完成之本發明之例之第32發明（ 以下’稱爲發明32)係把環狀光徑的構成要素之先端部被 配置透鏡的光纖於訊號光的光徑挾著旋光度測定用檢體使 其對向配置，把由前述光纖射出的訊號光照射於前述檢體 ，進行前述檢體的關於旋光度之測定的旋光度測定裝置之 發明，特徵爲在前述先端部被配置透鏡的光纖之至少一方 是芯徑不同的第1光纖與第2光纖透過模式整合部連接之 單模光纖，相對地前述第1光纖爲小芯徑.高ΝΑ (此處 的ΝΑ爲開口數）單模光纖而前述第2光纖爲大芯徑·低 ΝΑ單模光纖，使前述第1光纖與第2光纖透過模式整合 部連接的單模光纖係前述第2光纖比前述第1光纖在光徑 上配置於更接近於前述檢體之側，在前述使對向配置之前 -20- 201239336 述先端部被配置透鏡的光纖之接近於前述檢體之側的端面 附近前述透鏡作爲輸出用及/或輸入用的透鏡被配置於訊 號光的光徑，在訊號光的光徑上挾著前述檢體使對向而配 置的前述先端部被配置透鏡的光纖，於分別的端面與檢體 之間，除了前述輸出部透鏡以外，至少形成被配置非相反 偏光面旋轉元件的偏光變換光學系，以從在光徑上挾著前 述檢體被對向配置的前述偏光變換光學系有相互正交的偏 光分別以右旋訊號光與左旋訊號光射入前述檢體的方式構 成，前述被對向配置的偏光變換光學系之一方之偏光變換 光學系之第1偏光變換光學系的前述輸出部透鏡被配置的 光纖的端面起作爲環狀光徑的右旋訊號光或左旋訊號光而 射出的訊號光經過該輸出部透鏡射入前述檢體，透過前述 檢體的訊號光及/或藉由前述檢體反射的訊號光射入前述 被對向配置的偏光變換光學系之另一方的偏光變換光學系 之第2偏光變換光學系之前述先端部被配置輸出部透鏡的 光纖的端面，前述被對向配置的偏光變換光學系之前述第 2偏光變換光學系的前述輸出部透鏡被配置的光纖的端面 起作爲環狀光徑的左旋訊號光或右旋訊號光而射出的訊號 光經過該輸出部透鏡而射入前述檢體，透過前述檢體的訊 號光及/或藉由前述檢體反射的訊號光射入前述被對向配 置的前述第1偏光變換光學系之前述先端部被配置輸出部 透鏡的光纖的端面，而可以測定關聯於前述檢體的旋光度 的光學資訊之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明3 2而完成之本發明之例之第3 3發明（ -21 - 201239336 以下，稱爲發明33)，係於發明32所記載之包含模式整 合部之旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲前述一方之先端部被配置 透鏡的光纖之端面與前述另一方之先端部被配置透鏡的光 纖之端面之至少一方，與該輸出部透鏡的表面之距離爲 〇.6m以下之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明32、33而完成之本發明之例之第34發 明（以下，稱爲發明34 )，係於發明32或33之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲於訊號光 的光徑挾著前述檢體使其對向配置之一方之光纖與另一方 之光纖爲同一，亦即爲相同的光纖之包含模式整合部之旋 光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明32〜34而完成之本發明之例之第35發 明（以下，稱爲發明35 )，係於發明32〜34之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲於前述先 端部被配置透鏡的一方之光纖與前述先端部被配置透鏡的 另一方之光纖之至少一方，在該光纖之端面與該輸出部透 鏡之間被配置法拉第旋轉元件與四分之一波長板與偏光子 之中的至少1個之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置之發 明。 作爲展開發明32〜35而完成之本發明之例之第36發 明（以下，稱爲發明3 6 )，係於發明3 2〜3 5之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲於前述先 端部被配置透鏡的一方之光纖與前述先端部被配置透鏡的 另一方之光纖之至少一方，在該光纖之輸出部透鏡與前述 -22- 201239336 檢體之間被配置法拉第旋轉元件與四分之一波長板與偏光 子之中的至少1個之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置之 發明。 作爲展開發明32〜36而完成之本發明之例之第37發 明（以下，稱爲發明37)，係於發明32〜36之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲包含前述 模式整合部的旋光度測定裝置，係以包含前述模式整合部 的第37與第2光纖與包含含前述模式整合部的第1與第2 光纖之一部分而構成的對向偏光變換光學系與前述檢體構 成環狀光干涉系之環狀光徑，可以藉由測定於前述環狀光 徑之兩方向傳送的光的相位差而測定前述檢體的旋光度之 包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明3 7而完成之本發明之例之第3 8發明（ 以下，稱爲發明3 8 )，係於發明3 7所記載之包含模式整 合部之旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲包含前述模式整合部之旋 光度測定裝置，於環狀干涉系的環狀光徑傳送作爲右旋訊 號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光之偏光，環狀干涉系之環狀 光徑的光纖部分使作爲右旋訊號光之偏光與作爲左旋訊號 之偏光以同一固有偏光模式於相同光纖分別作爲右旋訊號 光與左旋訊號光而傳送，前述檢體部分在相互正交的偏光 狀態以分別作爲右旋訊號光與左旋訊號光而傳送訊號光的 方式構成環狀光徑之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置之 發明。 作爲展開發明32〜38而完成之本發明之例之第39發 it -23- 201239336 明（以下，稱爲發明39 )，係於發明32〜38之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲在與光徑 成直角的方向上具有可以掃描前述檢體及/或前述偏光變 換光學系的機構的包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置之發 明。 作爲展開發明32〜39而完成之本發明之例之第40發 明（以下，稱爲發明40 )，係於發明32〜39之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲前述檢體 爲生體之一部分，前述旋光度測定裝置，爲了測定前述檢 體的相關於旋光度的光學資訊，而具有作爲前述訊號光的 相位差之檢測手段的一部分，使與生體的脈搏及/或人爲 造成的測定部位的厚度等之該生體的一部分尺寸週期性改 變的週期同步而檢測前述相位差的手段之包含模式整合部 之旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明32〜40而完成之本發明之例之第41發 明（以下，稱爲發明4 1 )，係於發明3 2〜40之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲前述檢體 爲生體的一部分，前述旋光度測定裝置具有挾住測定前述 檢體的關聯於旋光度的光學資訊的部分之測定端子的包含 模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲展開發明32〜4 1而完成之本發明之例之第42發 明（以下，稱爲發明42 )，係於發明32〜4 1之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲可以調整 前述一方之先端部被配置透鏡的光纖的輸出部透鏡與另一 -24- 201239336 方之先端部被配置透鏡的光纖的輸出部透鏡之距離的透鏡 間距離調整手段之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置之發 明。 作爲展開發明32〜42而完成之本發明之例之第43發 明（以下，稱爲發明43 )，係於發明32〜42之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之旋光度測定裝置，特徵爲光源的波 長爲1 3 00nm帶，而前述大芯徑·低NA偏波面保存光光 纖的芯徑爲40μιη，NA爲0.06±0.01之包含模式整合部之 旋光度測定裝置之發明。 作爲供解決課題而完成之本發明之例之第44發明（ 以下，稱爲發明44)係把先端部被配置透鏡的光纖於訊號 光的光徑挾著旋光度測定用檢體使其對向配置，把由前述 光纖射出的訊號光照射於前述檢體，進行前述檢體的關於 旋光度之測定的旋光度測定系統可以使用之偏光變換光學 系之發明，特徵爲使對向配置而使用的前述偏光變換光學 系之至少一方的前述先端部被配置透鏡的光纖是芯徑不同 的第1光纖與第2光纖透過模式整合部連接之單模光纖， 相對地前述第1光纖爲小芯徑·高ΝΑ單模光纖而前述第 2光纖爲大芯徑·低ΝΑ單模光纖，使前述第1光纖與第 2光纖透過模式整合部連接的單模光纖係前述第2光纖比 前述第1光纖在光徑上配置於更接近於前述檢體之側，在 前述使對向配置之前述先端部被配置透鏡的光纖之接近於 前述檢體之側的端面附近前述透鏡作爲輸出用及/或輸入 用的透鏡被配置於訊號光的光徑，前述使對向配置的前述 -25- 201239336 先端部被配置透鏡的光纖之至少一方’在訊號光的光徑上 其端面位於離開該輸出部透鏡的焦點位置的位置’先端部 被配置透鏡的一方之光纖的由端面射出的訊號光經過該輸 出部透鏡射入前述檢體，使透過前述檢體的訊號光及/或 藉由前述檢體反射的訊號光射入先端部被配置輸出部透鏡 的另一方光纖的端面而可以測定前述檢體的關聯於旋光度 的光學資訊之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系之發 明。 展開發明44而完成之作爲本發明之例之第45發明（ 以下稱爲發明45)，係記載於發明44之包含模式整合部 之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲前述一方之先端部被配置 透鏡的光纖之端面與前述另一方的先端部被配置透鏡之光 纖之端面之至少一方，位在比該輸出部透鏡的焦點位置更 接近於該輸出部透鏡的位置之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光 變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明44、45而完成之本發明之例之第46發 明（以下，稱爲發明46 )，係於發明44或45所記載之包 含模式整合部之被散焦的偏光變換光學系，特徵爲前述先 端部被配置透鏡的一方之光纖之端面與前述先端部被配置 透鏡的另一方之光纖之端面之至少一方，可以使與該輸出 部透鏡的表面之距離爲〇.6m以下而使用之包含模式整合 部之被散焦的偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明44〜46而完成之本發明之例之第47發 明（以下，稱爲發明47 )，係於發明44〜46之任一所記 -26- 201239336 載之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲前述 先端部被配置透鏡的一方之光纖之端面與前述先端部被配 置透鏡的另一方之光纖之端面之至少一方，在比該輸出部 透鏡的焦點位置更遠離該輸出部透鏡的位置，且在該光纖 的端面之影像藉由該輸出部透鏡而成像於該檢體的射出面 (亦即，由該光纖射入該檢體的訊號光由該檢體射出之面 )的位置之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明 〇 作爲展開發明44〜47而完成之本發明之例之第48發 明（以下，稱爲發明48 )，係於發明44〜47之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲可以 使用於訊號光的光徑挾著前述檢體使其對向配置之先端部 被配置透鏡的一方之光纖與先端部被配置透鏡的另一方之 光纖爲同一亦即爲相同的光纖之包含模式整合部之散焦偏 光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明44〜48而完成之本發明之例之第49發 明（以下，稱爲發明49 )，係於發明44〜48之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲於前 述先端部被配置透鏡的光纖的先端部與該輸出部透鏡係相 互被固定的包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明 作爲展開發明44〜49而完成之本發明之例之第50發 明（以下，稱爲發明5 0 )，係於發明44〜4 9之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲於前 -27- 201239336 述先端部被配置透鏡的一方之光纖與前述先端部被配置透 鏡的另一方之光纖之至少一方，在該光纖之端面與該輸出 部透鏡之間被配置法拉第旋轉元件與四分之一波長板與偏 光子之中的至少1個之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光 學系之發明。 作爲展開發明44〜50而完成之本發明之例之第51發 明（以下，稱爲發明5 1 )，係於發明44〜50之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲於前 述先端部被配置透鏡的一方之光纖與前述先端部被配置透 鏡的另一方之光纖之至少一方，在該光纖之輸出部透鏡與 前述檢.體之間被配置法拉第旋轉元件與四分之一波長板與 偏光子之中的至少1個之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換 光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明44〜51而完成之本發明之例之第52發 明（以下，稱爲發明5 2 )，係於發明44〜5 1之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲於前 述模式整合部使用芯擴大光纖與芯縮小光線之一方或雙方 的包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明44〜52而完成之本發明之例之第53發 明（以下，稱爲發明53 )，係於發明44〜52之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲包含 前述模式整合部的散焦偏光變換光學系，係以前述先端部 被配置透鏡的光纖與包含前述先端部被配置透鏡的光纖的 一部分而構成的對向散焦偏光變換光學系與前述檢體構成 -28- 201239336 環狀光干涉系之環狀光徑之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變 換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明5 3而完成之本發明之例之第54發明（ 以下，稱爲發明54)，係於發明53所記載之包含模式整 合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲於前述環狀干涉系的 環狀光徑傳送作爲右旋訊號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光之 偏光，前述環狀干涉系之環狀光徑的光纖部分使作爲右旋 訊號光之偏光與作爲左旋訊號之偏光以同一固有偏光模式 於相同光纖分別作爲右旋訊號光與左旋訊號光而傳送，前 述檢體部分在使作爲右旋訊號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光 的偏光在相互正交的偏光狀態以分別作爲右旋訊號光與左 旋訊號光而傳送的方式構成前述偏光變換光學系之包含模 式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明44〜54而完成之本發明之例之第55發 明（以下，稱爲發明55 )，係於發明44〜54之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲在與 光徑成直角的方向上具有可以掃描前述檢體及/或前述偏 光變換光學系的機構的包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光 學系之發明。 作爲展開發明44〜55而完成之本發明之例之第56發 明（以下，稱爲發明5 6 )，係於發明44〜5 5之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲前述 檢體爲生體之一部分，前述散焦偏光變換光學系，爲了測 定前述檢體的相關於旋光度的光學資訊，而具有作爲前述 -29- 201239336 訊號光的相位差之檢測手段的一部分，使與生體的 /或人爲造成的測定部位的厚度等之該生體的一部 週期性改變的週期同步而檢測前述相位.差的手段之 式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明44〜56而完成之本發明之例之負 明（以下，稱爲發明5 7 )，係於發明44〜5 6之任 載之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵 檢體爲生體的一部分，前述散焦偏光變換光學系具 測定前述檢體的關聯於旋光度的光學資訊的部分之 子的包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明 作爲展闕發明44〜5 7而完成之本發明之例之覚 明（以下，稱爲發明58)，係於發明44〜5 7之任 載之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵 調整前述先端部被配置透鏡的一方之光纖的輸出部 先端部被配置透鏡的另一方之光纖的輸出部透鏡之 透鏡間距離調整手段之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光 學系之發明。 作爲展開發明44〜58而完成之本發明之例之f 明（以下，稱爲發明59)，係於發明44〜58之任 載之包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵 的波長爲1 3 00nm帶，而前述大芯徑·低NA偏波 光光纖的芯徑爲40μηι，NA爲0.06±0.01之包含模 部之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲供解決課題而完成之本發明之例之第60 脈搏及 分尺寸 包含模 丨57發 一所記 爲前述 有挾住 測定端 > :58發 一所記 爲可以 透鏡與 距離的 變換光 59發 一所記 爲光源 面保存 式整合 發明（ -30- 201239336 以下，稱爲發明60)係把在先端部被配置透鏡的光 號光的光徑挾著檢體使其對向配置，把由前述光纖 訊號光照射於前述檢體，進行前述檢體的關於旋光 定的旋光度測定系統可以使用之偏光變換光學系， 爲：使對向配置而使用的前述偏光變換光學系之至 的光纖之接近於前述檢體之側的端面附近前述透鏡 出用及/或輸入用的透鏡被配置於訊號光的光徑， 對向配置的光纖之至少一方，在訊號光的光徑上其 於離開該輸出部透鏡的焦點位置的位置，被配置輸 鏡的一方之光纖的由端面射出的訊號光經過該輸出 射入前述檢體，使透過前述檢體的訊號光及/或藉 檢體反射的訊號光射入先端部被配置輸出部透鏡的 光纖的端面而可以使用於測定前述檢體的關聯於旋 光學資訊之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明60而完成之本發明之例之第6 1 以下稱爲發明6 1 )，係記載於發明60之散焦偏光 學系，特徵爲前述一方的光纖之端面與前述另一方 之端面之至少一方，位在比該輸出部透鏡的焦點位 近於該輸出部透鏡的位置之散焦偏光變換光學系之^ 作爲展開發明60、6 1而完成之本發明之例之穿 明（以下稱爲發明62 )，係記載於發明60或6〗之 光變換光學系，特徵爲前述一方的光纖之端面與前 方的光纖之端面之至少一方，係與該輸出部透鏡的 距離在0.6mm以下而使用之散焦偏光變換光學系之 纖於訊 射出的 度之測 其特徵 少一方 作爲輸 前述使 端面位 出部透 部透鏡 由前述 另一方 光度的 發明（ 變換光 的光纖 置更接 發明。 "2發 散焦偏 述另一 表面之 發明。 -31 - 201239336 作爲展開發明60〜62而完成之本發明之例之第63發 明（以下，稱爲發明63)，係於發明60〜62之任一所記 載之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲前述先端部被配置透鏡 的一方之光纖之端面與前述先端部被配置透鏡的另一方之 光纖之端面之至少一方，在比該輸出部透鏡的焦點位置更 遠離該輸出部透鏡的位置，且在該光纖的端面之影像藉由 該輸出部透鏡而成像於該檢體的射出面（亦即，由該光纖 射入該檢體的訊號光由該檢體射出之面）的位置之散焦偏 光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明60〜63而完成之本發明之例之第64發 明（以下，稱爲發.明64)，係於發明60〜63之任一所記 載之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲可以使用於訊號光的光 徑挾著前述檢體使其對向配置之先端部被配置透鏡的一方 之光纖與先端部被配置透鏡的另一方之光纖爲同一亦即相 同的光纖之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明60〜64而完成之本發明之例之第65發 明（以下，稱爲發明65 )，係於發明60〜64之任一所記 載之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲於前述光纖的先端部與 該輸出部透鏡係相互被固定的散焦散焦偏光變換光學系之 發明。 作爲展開發明60〜65而完成之本發明之例之第66發 明（以下，稱爲發明66 )，係於發明60〜65之任一所記 載之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲於前述先端部被配置透 鏡的一方之光纖與前述先端部被配置透鏡的另一方之光纖 -32- 201239336 之至少一方，在該光纖之端面與該輸出部透鏡之間被配置 法拉第旋轉元件與四分之一波長板與偏光子之中的至少1 個之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明60〜66而完成之本發明之例之第67發 明（以下，稱爲發明67 )，係於發明60〜66之任一所記 載之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲於前述先端部被配置透 鏡的一方之光纖與前述先端部被配置透鏡的另一方之光纖 之至少一方，在該光纖之輸出部透鏡與前述檢體之間被配 置法拉第旋轉元件與四分之一波長板與偏光子之中的至少 1個之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明60〜67而完成之本發明之例之第68發 明（以下，稱爲發明68 )，係於發明60〜67之任一所記 載之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲前述散焦偏光變換光學 系，係以前述先端部被配置透鏡的光纖與包含其一部分而 構成的對向散焦偏光變換光學系與前述檢體構成環狀光干 涉系之環狀光徑之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明68而完成之本發明之例之第69發明（ 以下，稱爲發明69)，係於發明68所記載之散焦偏光變 換光學系，特徵爲於前述環狀干涉系的環狀光徑傳送作爲 右旋訊號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光之偏光，前述環狀干 涉系之環狀光徑的光纖部分使作爲右旋訊號光之偏光與作 爲左旋訊號之偏光以同一固有偏光模式於相同光纖分別作 爲右旋訊號光與左旋訊號光而傳送，前述檢體部分在使作 爲右旋訊號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光的偏光在相互正交 -33- 201239336 的偏光狀態以分別作爲右旋訊號光與左旋訊號光而傳送的 方式.構成前述偏光變換光學系之散焦偏光變換光學系之發 明。 作爲展開發明60〜69而完成之本發明之例之第70發 明（以下，稱爲發明70)，係於發明60〜69之任一所記 載之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲在與光徑成直角的方向 上具有可以掃描前述檢體及/或前述偏光變換光學系的機 構的散焦偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明60〜70而完成之本發明之例之第71發 明（以下，稱爲發明71)，係於發明60〜70之任一所記 載之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵舄前述檢體爲生體之一部 分，前述散焦偏光變換光學系，爲了測定前述檢體的相關 於旋光度的光學資訊，而具有作爲前述訊號光的相位差之 檢測手段的一部分，使與生體的脈搏及/或人爲造成的測 定部位的厚度等之該生體的一部分尺寸週期性改變的週期 同步而檢測前述相位差的手段之散焦偏光變換光學系之發 明。 作爲展開發明60〜71而完成之本發明之例之第72發 明（以下，稱爲發明72 )，係於發明60〜7 1之任一所記 載之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲前述檢體爲生體的一部 分，前述散焦偏光變換光學系具有挾住測定前述檢體的關 聯於旋光度的光學資訊的部分之測定端子的散焦偏光變換 光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明60〜72而完成之本發明之例之第73發 -34- 201239336 明（以下，稱爲發明73 )，係於發明60〜72之任一所記 載之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲可以調整前述先端部被 配置透鏡的一方之光纖的輸出部透鏡與先端部被配置透鏡 的另一方之光纖的輸出部透鏡之距離的透鏡間距離調整手 段之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明60〜73而完成之本發明之例之第74發 明（以下，稱爲發明74 )，係於發明60〜73之任一所記 載之散焦偏光變換光學系，特徵爲光源的波長爲13 OOnm 帶，而前述大芯徑·低ΝΑ偏波面保存光光纖的芯徑爲 40μιη，ΝΑ爲0·06±0·01之散焦偏光變換光學系之發明》 作爲供解決課題而完成之本發明之例之第75發明（ 以下，稱爲發明75 )係二種包含模式整合部之偏光變換光 學系，把先端部被配置透鏡的光纖於訊號光的光徑挾著旋 光度測定用檢體使其對向配置，把由前述光纖射出的訊號 光照射於前述檢體，進行前述檢體的關於旋光度之測定的 旋光度測定系統可以使用之偏光變換光學系，其特徵爲： 對向配置而使用的前述偏光變換光學系之至少一方的前述 先端部被配置透鏡的光纖是芯徑不同的第1光纖與第2光 纖透過模式整合部連接之單模光纖，相對地前述第1光纖 爲小芯徑·高ΝΑ單模光纖而前述第2光纖爲大芯徑·低 ΝΑ單模光纖，使前述第1光纖與第2光纖透過模式整合 部連接的單模光纖係前述第2光纖比前述第1光纖在光徑 上配置於更接近於前述檢體之側，在前述使對向配置之前 述光纖之接近於前述檢體之側的端面附近前述透鏡作爲輸 -35- 201239336 出用及/或輸入用的透鏡被配置於訊號光的光徑，被配置 輸出部透鏡的一方之光纖的端面所射出的訊號光經過該輸 出部透鏡射入前述檢體，使透過前述檢體的訊號光及/或 藉由前述檢體反射的訊號光射入先端部被配置輸出部透鏡 的另一方光纖的端面而可以測定關聯於前述檢體的旋光度 的光學資訊之包含模式整合部的偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明75而完成之本發明之例之第76發明（ 以下稱爲發明76)，係記載於發明75之包含模式整合部 之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲前述一方的光纖之端面與前述 另一方的光纖之端面之至少一方，係與該輸出部透鏡的表 面之距離在〇.6mm以下而使用之包含模式整合部之偏光變 換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明75、76而完成之本發明之例之第77發 明（以下，稱爲發明77 )，係於發明75或76之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲使用於訊 號光的光徑挾著前述檢體使其對向配置之一方光纖與另一 方光纖爲同一亦即相同的光纖之包含模式整合部之偏光變 換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明75〜77而完成之本發明之例之第78發 明（以下，稱爲發明78 )，係於發明75〜77之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲於前述先 端部被配置透鏡的光纖的先端部與該輸出部透鏡係相互被 固定的包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明75〜78而完成之本發明之例之第79發 -36- 201239336 明（以下，稱爲發明79 )，係於發明75〜78之 載之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲 端部被配置透鏡的一方之光纖與前述先端部被配 另一方之光纖之至少一方，在該第2光纖之端面 部透鏡之間被配置法拉第旋轉元件與四分之一波 光子之中的至少1個之包含模式整合部之偏光變 之發明》 作爲展開發明75〜79而完成之本發明之例二 明（以下，稱爲發明80 )，係於發明75〜79之 載之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲 端部被配置透鏡的一方之光纖與前述先端部被配 另一方之光纖之至少一方，在該第2光纖之輸出 前述檢體之間被配置法拉第旋轉元件與四分之一 偏光子之中的至少1個之包含模式整合部之偏光 系之發明。 作爲展開發明75〜80而完成之本發明之例；^ 明（以下，稱爲發明8 1 )，係於發明75〜8 0之 載之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲 式整合部使用芯擴大光纖與芯縮小光線之一方或 含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明75〜8 1而完成之本發明之例= 明（以下，稱爲發明82)，係於發明75〜81之 載之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲 模式整合部的偏光變換光學系係以前述先端部被 任一所記 於前述先 置透鏡的 .與該輸出 長板與偏 換光學系 =第80發 任一所記 於前述先 置透鏡的 部透鏡與 波長板與 變換光學 L第81發 任一所記 於前述模 雙方的包 L第82發 任一所記 包含前述 配置透鏡 -37- 201239336 的光纖與包含前述先端部被配置透鏡的光纖的一部分而構 成的對向偏光變換光學系與前述檢體構成環狀光干涉系之 環狀光徑而使用之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系之發 明。 作爲展開發明82而完成之本發明之例之第83發明（ 以下，稱爲發明83)，係於發明82所記載之包含模式整 合部之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲於前述環狀干涉系的環狀 光徑傳送作爲右旋訊號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光之偏光 ，前述環狀干涉系之環狀光徑的光纖部分使作爲右旋訊號 光之偏光與作爲左旋訊號之偏光以同一固有偏光模式於相 同光纖分別作爲右旋訊號光與左旋訊號光而傳送，前述檢 體部分在使作爲右旋訊號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光的偏 光在相互正交的偏光狀態以分別作爲右旋訊號光與左旋訊 號光而傳送的方式構成前述偏光變換光學系而使用之包含 模式整合部之偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明75〜83而完成之本發明之例之第84發 明（以下，稱爲發明84)，係於發明75〜83之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲在與光徑 成直角的方向上具有可以掃描前述檢體及/或前述偏光變 換光學系的機構的包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系之發 明。 作爲展開發明75〜84而完成之本發明之例之第85發 明（以下，稱爲發明85 )，係於發明75〜84之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲前述檢體 -38- 201239336 爲生體之一部分，前述偏光變換光學系，爲了測定前述檢 體的相關於旋光度的光學資訊，而具有作爲前述訊號光的 相位差之檢測手段的一部分，使與生體的脈搏及/或人爲 造成的測定部位的厚度等之該生體的一部分尺寸週期性改 變的週期同步而檢測前述相位差的手段之包含模式整合部 之偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明75〜85而完成之本發明之例之第86發 明（以下，稱爲發明8 6 )，係於發明7 5〜8 5之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲前述檢體 爲生體的一部分，前述偏光變換光學系具有挾住測定前述 檢體的關聯於旋光度的光學資訊的部分之測定端子的包含 模式整合部之偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲展開發明75〜86而完成之本發明之例之第87發 明（以下，稱爲發明87 )，係於發明75〜86之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲可以調整 前述先端部被配置透鏡的一方之光纖的輸出部透鏡與先端 部被配置透鏡的另一方之光纖的輸出部透鏡之距離的透鏡 間距離調整手段之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系之發 明。 作爲展開發明75〜87而完成之本發明之例之第88發 明（以下，稱爲發明88)，係於發明75〜87之任一所記 載之包含模式整合部之偏光變換光學系，特徵爲光源的波 長爲1 300nm帶，而前述大芯徑.低NA偏波面保存光光 纖的芯徑爲40μηι，ΝΑ爲0.06±0.01之包含模式整合部之 -39- 201239336 偏光變換光學系之發明。 作爲供解決課題而完成之本發明之例之第89發明（ 以下，稱爲發明8 9 )係使用於使用了把先端部被配置透鏡 的光纖於訊號光的光徑挾著旋光度測定用檢體使其對向配 置之偏光變換光學系的旋光度測定系統來測定檢體的旋光 度之旋光度測定方法（以下將使用於旋光度測定系統測定 檢體的旋光度之旋光度測定方法簡稱爲旋光度測定方法） ，其特徵爲：前述旋光度測定方法，具有：準備偏光變換 光學系與環狀干涉系而構成旋光度測定系統或者是準備具 有偏光變換光學系與環狀干涉系的旋光度測定裝置作爲旋 光度測定系統的步驟，於旋光度測定系統之前述.偏光變換 光學系安裝檢體的步驟，以及對檢體射入作爲右旋訊號光 與左旋訊號光之相互正交的偏光之訊號光之起因於檢體而 產生的相位差的步驟；前述偏光變換光學系，係在前述先 端部被配置透鏡的光纖是把芯徑不同的第1光纖與第2光 纖透過模式整合部連接之單模光纖，相對地前述第1光纖 爲小芯徑·高NA單模光纖而前述第2光纖爲大芯徑·低 NA單模光纖，使前述第1光纖與第2光纖透過模式整合 部連接的單模光纖係前述第2光纖比前述第1光纖在光徑 上配置於更接近於前述檢體之側，在前述使對向配置之先 端部被配置透鏡的光纖之接近於前述檢體之側的端面附近 前述透鏡作爲輸出用及/或輸入用的透鏡被配置於訊號光 的光徑，前述使對向配置的先端部被配置透鏡的光纖之至 少一方，在訊號光的光徑上其端面位於離開該輸出部透鏡 -40- 201239336 的焦點位置的位置，由被對向配置的輸出部透鏡被配置之 一方的光纖的端面射出的訊號光經過該輸出部透鏡射入前 述檢體，使透過前述檢體的訊號光及/或藉由前述檢體反 射的訊號光射入先端部被配置輸出部透鏡的另一方光纖的 端面而可以測定關聯於前述檢體的旋光度的光學資訊之包 含模式整合部的散焦偏光變換光學系之旋光度測定方法之 發明。 作爲展開發明89而完成之本發明之例之第90發明（ 以下稱爲發明90)，係記載於發明89之旋光度測定方法 ，特徵爲使用把被對向配置的前述一方的光纖之端面與前 述另一方的光纖之端面之至少一方，配置在比該輸出部透 鏡的焦點位置更接近於該輸出部透鏡的位置的偏光變換光 學系之旋光度測定方法之發明。 作爲展開發明8 9、90而完成之本發明之例之第9 1發 明（以下’稱爲發明9 1 )，係於發明89或90之旋光度測 定方法’特徵爲把前述先端部被配置透鏡的一方的光纖之 端面與前述另一方的光纖之端面之至少一方，以與該輸出 部透鏡的表面之距離在0.6 mm以下的方式配置而測定關聯 於旋光度的光學資訊之旋光度測定方法之發明。 作爲展開發明89〜91而完成之本發明之例之第92發 明（以下’稱爲發明92)，係於發明89〜91之任一所記 載之旋光度測定方法，特徵爲把前述先端部被配置透鏡的 一方之光纖之端面與前述另一方之光纖之端面之至少一方 ’在比該輸出部透鏡的焦點位置更遠離該輸出部透鏡的位 -41 - 201239336 置，且配置於在該光纖的端面之影像藉由該輸出部透鏡而 成像於該檢體的射出面（亦即，由該光纖射入該檢體的訊 號光由該檢體射出之面）的位置而測定關聯於旋光度的光 學資訊之旋光度測定方法之發明。 作爲展開發明89〜92而完成之本發明之例之第93發 明（以下，稱爲發明93 )，係於發明89〜92之任一所記 載之旋光度測定方法，特徵爲於訊號光的光徑挾著前述檢 體使其對向配置之光纖與另一方之光纖爲同一，亦即爲相 同的光纖之旋光度測定方法之發明。 作爲展開發明89〜93而完成之本發明之例之第94發 明（以下，稱爲發明94 )，係於發明89〜93之任一所記 載之旋光度測定方法，特徵爲於前述先端部被配置透鏡的 一方之光纖與前述另一方之光纖之至少一方，使用在該光 纖之端面與該輸出部透鏡之間被配置法拉第旋轉元件與四 分之一波長板與偏光子之中的至少1個之光纖而測定關聯 於旋光度的光學資訊之旋光度測定方法之發明。 作爲展開發明89〜94而完成之本發明之例之第95發 明（以下，稱爲發明95 )，係於發明89〜94之任一所記 載之旋光度測定方法，特徵爲於前述先端部被配置透鏡的 一方之光纖與前述另一方之光纖之至少一方，使用在該光 纖之輸出部透鏡與前述檢體之間被配置法拉第旋轉元件與 四分之一波長板與偏光子之中的至少1個之光纖而測定關 聯於旋光度的光學資訊之旋光度測定方法之發明。 作爲展開發明89〜95而完成之本發明之例之第96發 -42- 201239336 明（以下，稱爲發明96 )，係於發明89〜95之任一所記 載之旋光度測定方法，特徵爲於前述模式整合部使用芯擴 大光纖與芯縮小光纖之一方或雙方的旋光度測定方法之發 明。 作爲展開發明89〜96而完成之本發明之例之第97發 明（以下，稱爲發明9 7 )’係於發明8 9〜9 6之任一所記 載之旋光度測定方法，其中前述先端部被配置透鏡的光纖 與包含前述先端部被配置透鏡的光纖的一部分而構成的對 向偏光變換光學系與前述檢體構成環狀光干涉系之環狀光 徑’可以藉由測定於前述環狀光徑之兩方向傳送的光的相 位差而測定前述檢體的關聯於旋光度的光學資訊之旋光度 測定方法之發明。 作爲展開發明97而完成之本發明之例之第98發明（ 以下，稱爲發明98)，係於發明97所記載之旋光度測定 方法’特徵爲於前述環狀千涉系的環狀光徑傳送作爲右旋 訊號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光之偏光，前述環狀干涉系 之環狀光徑的光纖部分使作爲右旋訊號光之偏光與作爲左 旋訊號之偏光以同一固有偏光模式於相同光纖分別作爲右 旋訊號光與左旋訊號光而傳送，前述檢體部分在使作爲右 旋訊號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光的偏光在相互正交的偏 光狀態以分別作爲右旋訊號光與左旋訊號光而傳送的方式 構成前述偏光變換光學系之旋光度測定方法之發明。 作爲展開發明89〜98而完成之本發明之例之第99發 明（以下’稱爲發明99 )，係於發明89〜98之任一所記 -43- 201239336 載之旋光度測定方法，特徵爲使用在與光徑成直角的方向 上具有可以掃描前述檢體及/或前述偏光變換光學系的機 構的旋光度測定方法之發明。 作爲展開發明89〜99而完成之本發明之例之第100 發明（以下，稱爲發明100 )，係於發明89〜99之任一所 記載之旋光度測定方法，特徵爲前述檢體爲生體之一部分 ，前述旋光度測定裝置，爲了測定前述檢體的相關於旋光 度的光學資訊，而使用作爲前述訊號光的相位差之檢測手 段的一部分，使與生體的脈搏及/或人爲造成的測定部位 的厚度等之該生體的一部分尺寸等之狀態週期性改變的週 期同步而檢測前述相位差的手段來測定關聯於旋光度的光 學資訊之旋光度測定方法之發明。 作爲展開發明89〜100而完成之本發明之例之第101 發明（以下，稱爲發明1 〇 1 )，係於發明89〜1 00之任一 所記載之旋光度測定方法，特徵爲前述檢體爲生體的一部 分，於前述偏光變換光學系使用挾住測定前述檢體的關聯 於旋光度的光學資訊的部分之測定端子的旋光度測定方法 之發明。 作爲展開發明89〜101而完成之本發明之例之第102 發明（以下，稱爲發明1〇2 )，係於發明89〜101之任一 所記載之旋光度測定方法，特徵爲使用變更前述一方的光 纖之輸出部透鏡與另一方的光纖之輸出部透鏡之距離的手 段之旋光度測定方法之發明。 作爲展開發明89〜102而完成之本發明之例之第103 -44- 201239336 發明（稱爲發明1 0 3 ) ’係於發明8 9〜1 0 3之任一所記載 之旋光度測定方法’特徵爲使用光源的波長爲i 3 00 nrn帶 ’而前述大芯徑·低ΝΑ偏波面保存光光纖的芯徑爲40 μιη ，ΝΑ爲0.06±0·01之偏光變換光學系之旋光度測定方法之 發明。 又’前述發明89〜103於偏光變換光學系使用包含模 式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系。這樣的測定方法與從前 的測定方法相比是發揮極大效果的。但是，由以下之詳細 說明可知’本發明即使是在偏光變換光學系使用前述發明 60〜74所例示之散焦偏光變換光學系也可以提供比從前的 測定方法更遠遠優異的精度之旋光度測定方法，此外，於 偏光變換光學係使用前述發明75〜88所例示之包含模式 整合部的偏光變換光學系也可以提供比從前的測定方法更 遠遠優異的精度之旋光度測定方法，而這些也都包含於本 發明。 本發明係廣泛包含使用包含模式整合部之光纖與法拉 第旋轉元件那樣的非相反偏光面旋轉元件之散焦偏光變換 光學系及/或使用平行光偏光變換光學系而構成環狀光干 涉系之環狀光徑，於前述環狀干涉系的環狀光徑傳送作爲 右旋訊號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光之偏光，前述環狀干 涉系之環狀光徑的光纖部分使作爲右旋訊號光之偏光與作 爲左旋訊號之偏光以同一固有偏光模式於相同光纖分別作 爲右旋訊號光與左旋訊號光之偏光而傳送，前述檢體部分 在使作爲右旋訊號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊號光的偏光在相 -45- 201239336 互正交的偏光狀態以分別作爲右旋訊號光與左旋訊號光而 傳送的方式構成前述偏光變換光學系爲其特徵之旋光度測 定裝置，或旋光度測定方法，或者偏光變換光學系。 〔發明之效果〕 藉由使用本發明之前述旋光度測定裝置，可以使用於 旋光度測定系統的前述偏光變換光學系、使用前述偏光變 換光學系之旋光度測定方法，變成能夠以高精度測定檢體 的關聯於旋光度的光學資訊。使用於光學系包含模式整合 部的偏光變換光學系之本發明，可以從前所終究無法期待 的極高的精度來測定檢體之關聯於旋光度的光學資訊》 使用本發明之前述旋光度測定裝置、偏光變換光學系 、旋光度測定方法的話，即使是血液或手指等之光散射檢 體，也不必要採血而可以測定關係於血糖値之生體的葡萄 糖濃度。 本發明，特別是於不採血的無侵襲測定方式，第1， 沒有伴隨著藉由針來採血之繁雜或者苦痛，第2，不需要 採血針的廢棄處理所以更爲衛生，第3，不需要在採血法 所使用的與葡萄糖反應的試藥所以經濟上有利，第4，可 以簡單地進行測定所以血糖値監測在1天內進行幾次皆可 而能夠使用於糖尿病患者或健康者的健康管理等，可以發 揮很大的效果。接著，藉由使本發明之可以進行光散射檢 體的測定之旋光度測定裝置在一般家庭使用，本發明帶來 可以減少現在世界中增加中的糖尿病患者數之極大福音， -46- 201239336 同時還帶來可以大幅減低其治療所必要的費用之極大福音 【實施方式】 以下，參照圖面說明本發明之實施型態之例。又，使 用於說明之各圖，是在可以理解本發明之例的程度下槪略 顯示各構成成分的尺寸、形狀、配置關係等。接著，爲了 說明本發明的方便，有部分改變放大率而圖示的場合，使 用於本發明之例之說明的圖式亦有與實施例等實物或記載 不是相似形的場合。此外，於各圖，對於同樣的構成成分 亦有賦予同一編號，而省略重複的說明。此外，在本發明 的說明，關於本發明的旋光度測定裝置'偏光變換光學系 及旋光度測定方法有很多重複說明的部分。亦即，爲了避 免說明的重複，以不產生誤解的方式，在沒有特別說明的 情況下，在偏光變換光學系的說明也兼說明旋光度測定裝 置或旋光度測定方法之部分說明，反之亦然。 本發明之發明人，係由許多技術人員從到目前爲止很 多醫療關係人所得到的，實現能夠以高精度測定採血的血 液或生體的葡萄糖濃度之與本發明所欲解決的課題相同的 期待’對於其實現付出了龐大的努力，依循著到今日爲止 還無法實現的狀況，詳細地分析了其原因。 結果，得到了要藉由從前習知的種種測定方法要實現 相關的測定器是困難的，而發現必須採用到目前爲止在這 種測定所未曾使用@新的測定原理之結論。 -47- 201239336 爲了解決前述課題，測定裝置之基本構成，是採用使 用光纖之環狀干涉系，使偏光射入前述檢體，而測定其偏 光的相位變化雖爲較佳的，但是，有必要更進一步提高測 定精度。 於環狀干涉系之構成環狀光徑的至少一對光纖之間挾 著前述檢體的環狀干涉系，於前述檢體之射出射入面間使 用光纖平行光學系而進行光結合的話，專家公認可以把插 入損失減至最低。使用光纖平行光學系測定訊號光的強度 變化或相位變化的場合，把光纖的端面配置於平行透鏡的 焦點位置。 使用此方式針對種種前述檢體測定了相位變化。然而 ，在醫療現場等之實用化上，關於糖値的資訊的檢測精度 仍然不足，而知道有進而提高檢測精度的必要。 在此，本發明之發明人，超越此專家的常識，分別構 成使用把光纖的端面配置於透鏡的焦點位置之光纖平行光 學系的從前之光纖偏光變換光學系（以下，.亦稱爲從前型 偏光變換光學系）與把光纖的端面離開透鏡的焦點位置而 配置之散焦光纖偏光變換光學系（以下，亦稱爲散焦偏光 變換光學系），針對在對向配置之一對從前型偏光變換光 學系之間作爲前述檢體配置採血的血液或生體等而對前述 檢體射入作爲訊號光的偏光的場合，以及對向配置之一對 散焦偏光變換光學系之間配置與前述從前型偏光變換光學 系的場合相同條件之作爲前述檢體採血的血液或生體等而 對前述檢體射入作爲訊號光的偏光的場合，分別測定根據 -48- 201239336 前述檢體之訊號光的相位變化。 結果，發現使用散焦偏光變換光學系的場合，比起使 用從前型偏光變換光學系的場合，能夠以更高的精度測定 前述檢體所致之訊號光的相位變化，從而完成本發明。 進而，改變種種使用於旋光度測定裝置的光源波長以 及對應於其而使用於對向散焦偏光變換光學系的偏波面保 存光纖的芯徑而實驗性地檢討生體之插入損失。結果，發 現使用現在用於光纖雷射用的波長1 〇64nm用的芯直徑爲 3 0μπι之大芯徑.低ΝΑ ( NA爲開口數）偏波面保存光線 的話，比起波長1 〇60nm用的芯直徑爲7μπι的偏波面保存 光纖、使用ΡΜ980的場合，插入損失更低了 30dB。前述 大芯偏波面保存光纖，於波長1064nm除了基本模式以外 還傳遞數次之高次模式，所以光先在使用時捲繞於曲率半 徑3 0mm之線圈架而使其僅傳遞單模光。線圈架的半徑， 也依存於使用的前述大芯偏波面保存光纖的長度，但在對 向的光學系各個分別使用lm的場合，曲率半徑以25〜 3 5 mm爲佳。然而，因爲本發明的實施型態例之旋光度計 測是把檢體設置於環狀光干涉系之環狀光徑中，所以必須 要使用使來自光源的光分歧爲右旋光與左旋光或者進行結 合之光纖型耦合器，亦即2X2型方向性結合器。但是，芯 徑爲30μιη的偏波面保存光纖用耦合器尙未被商用化。此 外，本發明的實施型態例之旋光度計測採用所謂的相位調 變方式，所以要求某種程度的長度之環狀光纖，但芯直徑 爲3 Ομηα的偏波面保存光纖很昂貴所以在環狀光徑用會有 -49- 201239336 並不經濟的問題。 由這樣的背景，本案發明人考慮取得與從前的芯直徑 7μηι與30μηι的偏波面保存光纖之模式整合（以下把取得 模式整合的部分簡稱爲模式整合部）。圖1係供說明使用 於本發明的實施型態例之模式整合部之圖。亦即，加熱作 爲第1光纖之相對小芯徑·高ΝΑ偏波面保存光纖1的射 出部附近亦即端部附近而使成爲擴大芯部之所謂的芯擴大 光纖，此端部把作爲芯擴大光纖之第1光纖之小芯徑·高 ΝΑ偏波面保存光纖1的端部與作爲第2光纖之相對大芯 徑·低ΝΑ偏波面保存光纖2之端部以模式整合部3連接 而補強。由小芯徑·高ΝΑ偏波面保存光纖1往大芯徑. 低ΝΑ偏波面保存光纖2的方向之模式整合部的插入損失 小至O.ldB，但是其反方向的損失高達1.8dB。符號4顯 示包含模式整合部3的第1光纖1與第2光纖2的連接部 分，但此部分也於以下稱爲模式整合部。 圖2係供說明使用於本發明的實施型態例之模式整合 部之圖。此處，模式整合部3與模式整合部4，至少，成 爲前述第1光纖之成爲芯擴大光纖的端部部分與被連接於 彼的前述第2光纖之包含端部部分的第1光纖與第2光纖 之包含端部部分之構成，但本發明之模式整合部3與模式 整合部4並不局限於此，可以有很多種的變化。 作爲其例，將前述第2光纖之被連接於第1光纖之側 的端部，例如可以加熱第2光纖的端部附近而拉伸，使第 2光纖的端部附近之芯徑朝向被連接於第1光纖之側而成 -50- 201239336 爲漸減的方式形成，將其連接於第1光纖。 進而，芯擴大部分或者芯縮小部分多半是光纖的外型 由於加工時的熱而多少會有些變形，所以藉由把第〗光纖 的端部部分加工爲芯擴大光纖，把第2光纖的端部部分加 工爲芯縮小光纖而連接二者的端部部分，可以更進一步減 低起因於加工導致的誤差之連接損失。 圖3係供說明由使用於本發明的實施型態例之模式整 合部作出平行光之圖。在圖中，第2光纖2的端面2a位 在透鏡5的焦點位置6。又，於圖3〜圖6賦予符號7的 箭頭係顯示透鏡5的焦點距離之線。 圖4係供說明由使用於本發明的實施型態例之模式整 合部作出散焦光之圖。在此場合，光纖2的端面2a被配 置在比透鏡5的焦點位置6更離開透鏡的位置。 使用焦點距離1 . 8mm的透鏡，進行檢體爲手指根的皺 紋部的場合之透光實驗時，使第2光纖的先端2a接觸於 透鏡5的場合插入生體所導致的生體插入損失爲最低。但 是，把圖4所示之光學系之一對，使在光徑上挾著檢體而 使透鏡5之側對向配置，改變對向透鏡間的距離而進行實 驗的話，可知隨著透鏡間距離增加爲2，3，4mm生體透 過損失急速增加。使光纖先端部接觸於透鏡而配置的場合 ，偏光變換光學系的偏光子、法拉第元件（法拉第旋轉元 件）、四分之一波長板從光纖先端部看時有必要配置於透 鏡之後，所以物理上必須增大透鏡間距離，所以無法避免 前述生體透過損失的增大。此外，透鏡的焦點距離長至 -51 - 201239336 2.7 5mm時’生體透過損失在透鏡間距離爲2mm時無法減 低至70dB以下。 因此，使用焦點距離爲0.7mm之非球面透鏡（ FLAM1Z101A，ALPS電氣公司製造）使第2光纖的端面 離開透鏡的焦點2 0 0 μπι而測定生體透過損失的結果，發現 在透鏡間距離爲2mm，3mm，4mm時分別爲38.2dB， 39.4dB，45.8dB，與焦點距離爲2.75mm的透鏡的場合相 比，減低了約30dB以上。 此外’使用焦點距離爲1.5mm之非球面透鏡使第2光 纖的端面離開透鏡的焦點600 μπι而進行實驗的場合也得到 同樣的生體損失。_ 於作爲本發明的實施型態例之旋光度測定裝置及偏光 變換光學系以及旋光度測定方法，使用環狀干涉系之環狀 光徑，於環狀光徑的途中配置前述檢體，於訊號光的光徑 挾著前述檢體對向配置之一方的環狀光徑途中的光纖終端 與另一方環狀光徑途中的光纖終端分爲爲偏光變換光學系 ，把前述偏光變換光學系構成爲使用了偏光面旋轉元件之 非相反光學系。 作爲前述偏光面旋轉元件，以使用由該偏光面旋轉元 件之一方側使作爲訊號光之偏光束射入時使該訊號光之偏 光面朝向該訊號光的進行方向順時針或者返時針方向地旋 轉僅特定角度，由該偏光面旋轉元件之另一方側使作爲訊 號光的偏光束射入時使該訊號光的偏光面朝向該訊號光的 進行方向而以與由前述一方側入射的場合爲相反方向地旋 -52- 201239336 轉僅特定角度的方式作用之偏光面旋轉元件爲較佳。 在本發明的實施型態例之旋光度測定方法，於環狀干 涉系的環狀光徑傳送作爲右旋訊號光的偏光與作爲左旋訊 號光之偏光，如以下所詳述的，環狀干涉系之環狀光徑的 光纖部分使作爲右旋訊號光之偏光與作爲左旋訊號之偏光 以同一固有偏光模式於相同光纖分別作爲右旋訊號光與左 旋訊號光而傳送，前述檢體部分在相互正交的偏光狀態以 分別作爲右旋光與左旋光而傳送，可以活用本發明之各構 成而以高精度檢測出檢體的旋光度。 圖5係顯示由使用於本發明的實施型態例之模式整合 部作出平行圓偏光之圖。在圖5，光纖2的端面2a位在透 鏡5的焦點位置6。在圖5，符號11爲包含模式整合部的 偏光變換平行器。在圖5，模式整合部4之輸出端（ pigtail)之大芯徑.低NA偏波面保存光纖2的直線偏光 射出光，作爲訊號光以透鏡5準直，依序透過偏光子（偏 光板）8、作爲偏光面旋轉元件之法拉第旋轉元件9、四分 之一波長板10而被圓偏光化。 圖6係顯示由使用於本發明的實施型態例之模式整合 部作出散焦圓偏光之圖。在圖6，光纖2的端面2a位在比 透鏡5的焦點位置6更偏與透鏡相反側0.7mm (亦即，離 透鏡更遠的位置）。在圖6，符號12爲包含模式整合部的 散焦偏光變換光學系。於圖6，偏光子8、法拉第元件9、 四分之一波長板10位在透鏡5與第2光纖2的端面2a之 間，但改變使用的透鏡的焦點距離與散焦的程度，可以如 -53- 201239336 圖5的平行光學系的場合那樣在透鏡5之後亦即把圖6的 偏光子8、法拉第旋轉元件9、四分之一波長板10配置於 與透鏡5之光纖2的端面2a相反之側。 圖7係槪念顯示使用於本發明的實施型態例之包含模 式整合部的圓偏光準直器所射出的光束之圖，圖8係槪念 顯示使用於本發明的實施型態例之包含模式整合部的圓偏 光散焦光系所射出的光束之圖。 在圖7,包含模式整合部的偏光變換準直器（模式整 合準直偏光變換光學系）11所射出的光束13爲平行光束 之平行圓偏光，而使其射入被配置於其進行方向的前述檢 體（未圖示）。 在圖8，包含模式整合部的散焦偏光變換準直器（模 式整合散焦偏光變換光學系）12所射出的光束14爲聚光 光束之散焦圓偏光，而使其射入被配置於其進行方向的前 述檢體（未圖示），而在該檢體的射出端附近進行聚光。 圖9係作爲本發明的實施型態例之，於對向模式整合 平行偏光變換光學系11_1，11-2之間插入前述檢體15之 光學系。圖1 0係作爲本發明的實施型態例之，於對向模 式整合散焦偏光變換光學系12-1，12-2之間插入前述檢體 15之光學系。 檢體15爲通常之散射損失低的水溶液之類的場合， 圖9之對向模式整合平行偏光變換光學系，插入損失很小 。但是在檢體15爲生體那樣的光散射體的場合，進行種 種實驗的結果，比起圖9之對向模式整合平行偏光變換光 -54- 201239336 學系來說，圖10的對向模式整合散焦偏光變換光學系的 插入損失約小1 000倍（30dB)。可以說明此實驗結果的 模擬手法尙未被商業化。 實驗結果，在圖6的光學系把偏光子8、法拉第旋轉 元件9、四分之一波長板1 0儘可能地製作得很薄，貼合而 配置在光纖的端面與透鏡之間。又，由包含被置於後述之 光干涉系之環狀光徑中的圖9的模式整合部之對向散焦偏 光變換光學系12-1，12-2起朝向生體分別射入相互正交的 圓偏光，分別傳送於兩方向的正交圓偏光傳送進檢體15 後，以經過對向的散焦偏光變換光學系而於對向的偏波面 保存光纖結合與入射直線偏光相同的偏光軸的方式，調整 對向的偏波面保存光纖之固有偏光軸方位與對向的四分之 一波長板之固有偏光軸方位。 圖1 1係供說明作爲本發明的實施型態例之，使用包 含模式整合部的散焦偏光變換光學系12-1，12-2對光散射 檢體斜向照射訊號光的結合光學系之圖。 圖11係相對於圖10爲透過系之反射系。符號16爲 石英玻璃板，17爲四分之一波長板。一般在生體表面或者 生體內反射的光的相位會反轉，所以若無相位板的話對於 生體，射出光與反射光分別成爲正交圓偏光而相位差被抵 銷而無法計測生體的旋光性所導致的相位差。藉由把相位 板置於生體（在此場合爲一種反射鏡）與入射光之間，與 入射光相同的圓偏光被反射，所以取得包含偏光狀態包含 模式整合部的散焦光學系1 2 - 1與1 2 - 2之結合。又，圖1 1 -55- 201239336 之測定系部使用金屬板，與從前的SPR (表面電漿共鳴） 在原理上有所不同。 圖1 2係把作爲圖1 0所示之本發明的實施型態例之， 以包含模式整合部的對向散焦偏光變換光學系挾著光散射 體之結合光學系設置於包含光纖環狀千涉系的小芯徑高 NA偏波面保存光纖21-1，21-2的環狀光徑內，作爲測定 來自光散射體15的表面及內部的散射光·反射光的旋光 度之本發明的實施型態例之旋光度測定裝置的主要部28 之構成圖。 光源 18 爲波長 1060nm 的 SLD( Super Luminescent Diode)，其輸出被導至第1方向性結合器（耦合器）19-1，光纖型偏光子20、第2方向性結合器（耦合器）19-2 ，被分岐爲以第2耦合器1 9-2構成環狀光徑之小芯徑高 NA偏波面保持光纖21-1與小芯徑高NA偏波面保存光纖 21-2，分別產生傳送於環狀光徑的左旋右旋直線偏光23 4 ，23-2。第1方向性結合器（耦合器）19-1能夠以偏波面 保存型光循環器置換。 符號22爲汽缸型PZT (鈦酸锆酸鉛）原件上捲繞lm 程度的小芯徑高ΝΑ偏波面保存光纖21_1之光相位調變器 。環繞環狀光徑之左旋右旋光在接合處24-1，24-2分別與 包含模式整合器的散焦偏光變換光學系12-1，12-2連接。 檢體15之射出光傳遞於對向的散焦偏光變換光學系 12-1，12-2再度經過第2耦合器19-2，光纖型偏光子20 、第1耦合器19-1而在受光器25變換爲電氣訊號，藉由 -56- 201239336 訊號處理部26以演算求出光散射檢體15之旋光度之左旋 右旋光的相位差。由訊號處理部26對光相位調變器22施 加2 0kHz之正弦波狀的調變訊號27。 圖12之訊號處理採用在記載於非專利文獻2的相位 調變方式光纖陀螺儀所使用的方法。把相位調變以20kHz 調變時由環狀干涉系除了 2 0kHz的基本波以外還輸出2倍 波之40kHz成分以及4倍波之80kHz成分。由基本波與2 倍波的強度比求出傳送於環狀光徑的左旋右旋光之相位差 。2倍波與4倍波之比比例於相位調變度所以係以成爲一 定的方式被控制的。 於圖1 2，環狀干涉系的環狀光徑，主要是以佔掉迴圏 (loop)大半的偏波面保存光纖21-1，21-2與本發明的實 施型態例之散焦偏光變換光學系1 2-1，1 2-2與光散射檢體 15來構成。 在圖1 2値得特別注意之點，如前所述，是僅在光散 射檢體15的部分左旋右旋傳送光是已分別正交的左右圓 偏光來傳遞，除此以外的各偏波面保存光纖的部分是以偏 波面保存光纖之同一固有偏光模式來傳遞。如此一來可以 安定地測定光散射檢體部分之只有左右圓偏光的相位差。 一般而言，直線偏光被分解爲左右圓偏光，已知左右圓偏 光的相位產生20之差的話偏光的方向僅會改變0而已。 在圖1 2可以測定光散射檢體1 5之左右圓偏光的相位差所 以可以測定其旋光度。 其次說明光散射檢體15爲手指的皺紋部的場合之實 -57- 201239336 驗結果。被測者的皮膚厚度約爲1.5mm。此部分的光之透 過損失自身爲〇.5dB程度但於兩端面置偏波面保存光纖挾 著生體而取光結合的話，使用波長1 550nm用的通訊用之 偏波面保存光纖之圖9的對向準直徑的場合插入損失爲65 〜7 0 d B程度。 但是，波長l〇60nm用的大芯徑（30μπι) ·低NA( 0.07)光纖，選取透鏡的焦點距離（〇_7 mm)，使光纖先 端的位置在離開透鏡焦點0.2〜0.3 mm之圖10的散焦的對 向準直器的場合，損失成爲40dB，比前述之例更低了 3 OdB以上。此實驗之光干涉系的損失水平如下。 光源輸出：l〇mW (偏波面保存光纖輸出） 光陀螺儀（環狀干涉系）損失：5dB (但，把第1親 合器做爲光循環器）. 201239336 VI. [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an optical rotation measuring apparatus for measuring the optical rotation of a light-scattering specimen such as blood, serum, or a living body using a polarization conversion optical system, and can be used for optical rotation. The polarization conversion optical system of the measurement and the optical rotation measurement method of the optical rotation measurement system using the polarization conversion optical system (hereinafter referred to as "the optical rotation measurement method of the optical rotation measurement system" are "the optical rotation measurement method"), specifically, It is a method of irradiating laser light to human blood, serum, fingers, ears, skin, etc. by using a mode integration unit and a defocus polarization conversion optical system to measure the concentration of the glycocalyx of the optical rotation measuring sample. An optical rotatory measuring device for measuring the concentration of a saccharide component of a sample for measuring optical rotation with high measurement accuracy by transmitting light and/or reflected light, and a polarization conversion optical system of a fiber optic system which can be used for optical rotation measurement and The optical rotation method of this optical system was used. [Prior Art] As a first method to be used for measuring the glucose concentration in blood, for example, in Patent Document 1, a part of a living body such as a finger is irradiated with infrared laser light, and the light scattered by the blood vessel is measured. A method of the concentration of glucose contained in blood. This method uses scattered light to be reduced in proportion to the glucose concentration. However, this method has a problem that the light intensity of the scattered light depends on the temperature or the moisture or the oil component of the skin. Therefore, the second method is not widely used, and is described in, for example, Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2-5-201239336 A method of measuring the complex refractive index of an inter-polarized polarizing component in an optically active substance and measuring it in an open loop. However, this method measures the blood glucose level of normal people. Lg/dL (centrifugation, 1/10 liters). If the glucose concentration is about 1 〇mm after the measurement, the error is very large. The glucose concentration cannot be measured at any living body such as blood or fingers with large light scattering. The third method is a method of measuring by a complex refractive index measuring device described in Patent Document 3. This method is similar to the present invention in that a parallel optical path is formed in an annular optical path of a ring-shaped interferometer composed of a polarization-satelling optical fiber. The parallel light beam is transmitted to the inside of the sample, and the optical rotation of the sample is measured by measuring the phase difference between the left and right optical rotations. In this method, glucose in a glass cuvette having a thickness of about 10 mm can be measured with sufficient accuracy to the blood sugar level of a normal person. 1 g / d L. However, in the third method, the specimen is placed in the annular optical path of the fiber optic gyroscope, and the parallel light is incident on the specimen 2 by the two terms, and the specimen is, for example, a wrinkle of the root of the human thumb or forefinger. In the case of the part, the insertion loss is 60 dB or more, and the received light level is lower than the sensitivity of the light receiver, and the phase difference between the left-handed light and the right-handed light irradiated to the sample cannot be measured. The reason for this is that the core diameter of the optical fiber stored in the former wavefront is as small as 4 to ΙΟμηα when the wavelength of the signal light is 80 to 1500 nm, so that the light of the ridge portion of the finger cannot be received with sufficient bonding efficiency. The reason for the scattered light. As is apparent from the above, there have been many developments of optical measuring apparatuses which attempt to perform high-precision measurement of blood or blood glucose concentration of a living body. However, it is extremely difficult to measure the concentration of glucose-6-201239336 in the blood or the blood of the human body with high precision. Even if it can be used for the measurement of the sugar content of the fruit, it is necessary to be able to measure the glucose concentration of the blood or the living body. The assay is still not implemented, and the current state of measurement of blood glucose or the concentration of glucose in the body has to rely on the chemical method of using the reagent. [PRIOR ART DOCUMENT] [Patent Document 1] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-313554 (Patent Document 2) Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2007-0932 No. Non-patent literature] [Non-patent literature] Yokota Masahiro et al., "Glucose sensor using lead glass fiber polarizer modulator", 31st light wave sensing technology research conference LST31-8, PP. 5 1 - 5 6, August 2003 [Non-Patent Document 2] Kouoka, Yu Bao, "Development of Fiber Optic Gyroscopes", 3rd Lightwave Sensing Technology Research Conference, l ST 3 - 9, PP · 5 5 - 6 2,1 9 9 9 [Explanation] [The subject of the invention] The optical measuring device for measuring the blood glucose concentration of the blood or the living body with high precision has not been put into practical use as described above. . The reason for this is that since the scattering generated in the living body when the laser light is incident on the blood or the living body is very large, the detected light receiving power becomes extremely small, so that the glucose concentration cannot be measured with high precision. 201239336 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a high-precision high-precision drug that can be used in a bloody blood or a living body without depending on a reagent. An optical rotation measuring apparatus which is ready for measurement and which is easy to use, and a novel polarized light converting optical system which can be used for optical rotation measurement and an optical rotation measuring method using the same. [Means for Solving the Problem] The optical fiber that is placed at the tip end of the lens is placed against the object to be measured (sample) and placed on the optical path of the signal light, and the optical fiber that combines the optical fiber from one optical fiber to the other optical fiber is reduced. The bonding loss of the optical system is a well-known technical idea as long as a parallel optical system in which the end faces of the opposing optical fibers are positioned at the focal position of the lens is used. However, according to the results of the review by the inventors of the present invention, this method does not solve the problem of the present invention. The present invention is different from the prior art in that it has been found to solve the problem by using a defocused polarization conversion optical system in which a new technical idea in which the end face of the optical fiber is removed from the focal position of the lens is used. Further, the mode integration unit is introduced into the polarization conversion optical system, and the coupling loss of the optical system of the scatterer such as the living body by the optical fiber is realized with a low loss which cannot be expected from the prior art, thereby solving the problem. Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be specifically described. In order to solve the problem, the first invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the invention 1") is an optical fiber having an optical fiber with a lens disposed at a tip end portion, and an optical path of the signal light. In the opposite direction, the signal light emitted from the optical fiber is irradiated onto the sample of -8 - 201239336, and the invention of the optical rotation measuring device for measuring the optical rotation of the sample is described. It is characterized in that at least one of the optical fibers in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion is a single-mode optical fiber in which the first optical fiber having a different core diameter is connected to the second optical fiber transmission mode integrating portion, and the first optical fiber is relatively small. Core diameter. The high NA (where NA is the number of openings) single mode fiber and the second fiber is a large core diameter and low ΝΑ single mode fiber, and the single mode fiber in which the first fiber and the second fiber transmission mode integration unit are connected is the aforementioned The second optical fiber is closer to the side of the sample than the front side of the sample, and the optical fiber of the lens is disposed adjacent to the front mirror as an output and/or input lens"), and at least the surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed in the portion where the signal light is disposed a lens located away from the lens of the output portion (that is, the signal light transmitted through the output portion of the output portion and/or the optical rotation of the other optical fiber sample through which the lens is disposed in the front portion) The invention relates to a photometric measuring device for optical information. However, the polarized light that exhibits a remarkable effect on the optical rotation of the present invention improves the correlation of the sample with respect to the optically-polarized polarization conversion optical system, and the measurement of the above-mentioned signal is the most emphasized. The first optical fiber is disposed on the optical path in the vicinity of the end surface of the side of the distal end portion of the object to be placed opposite to each other (hereinafter referred to as "output portion optical path", The end face of the arrangement, the position of the end point of the signal light, the position of the end focus position, and the end of the optical fiber of the optical fiber are incident on the sample by the end face mirror, and the reflection is transmitted through the sample. The signal light is incident on the end surface of the apex to determine the defocused rotation associated with the aforementioned mode integration unit. For the present invention, the measurement device and the optical rotation measurement method will be described in detail later, and the mode integration unit is used for the fiber length. For the measurement of the optical information, the optical component of the optical component is used in the measurement of the optical information associated with the optical rotation, for example, in the measurement of the optical information associated with the optical rotation. The measurement accuracy of the optical information can be improved by using a defocusing optical system for the polarization conversion optical system. Next, the present invention is used as a polarization conversion optical system by using a light-integrated mode integration unit and a polarization conversion optical unit. The defocusing polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit of the defocus optical system is not only the blood of blood collection, but also the thumb and index finger root of the hand. The optical information relating to the optical rotation of the living body such as the wrinkle portion can be measured with high precision. In the defocusing polarization conversion optical system including the mode integrating portion, the output portion lens is disposed at the end portion of the optical fiber. In the optical fiber system, the polarization conversion optical system in which the polarization conversion element is disposed is a defocus type without adopting the former parallel light type, and it is possible to realize a high degree of optical rotation measurement sensitivity which is not possible in the prior art. Further, in order to increase the effect of the present invention, the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion can be made to have a single-mode optical fiber in which the first optical fiber having the different core diameters and the second optical fiber transmission mode integration portion are connected, thereby achieving a remarkable effect. Further, in the present invention, the optical core of the present invention has a large core diameter in which the optical path of the signal light is disposed opposite to the sample and the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the sample. It is possible that the low-NA single-mode fiber and the other end of the lens are configured with the same large-core-low-NA single-mode fiber as the different fiber. . The second invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 2) which is an example of the present invention, which is completed in the first aspect of the invention, is a defocusing optical rotation measuring apparatus according to the first aspect of the invention including the mode integration unit, characterized in that the apex is At least one of an end face of one of the optical fibers in which the lens is disposed by -10-201239336 and an end face of the other optical fiber in which the tip end portion is disposed is positioned closer to the output portion lens than a focus position of the output portion lens The invention of the defocusing optical rotation measuring device including the mode integrating portion of the position. The third invention of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as Invention 3) which is completed by the inventions 1 and 2 is a defocusing optical optometry apparatus including the mode integration unit described in Invention 1 or 2, and features At least one of an end surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the one end and an end surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the other end is at a distance from the surface of the output portion lens. The invention of a defocused optical rotation measuring device comprising a mode integration unit of 6 m or less. The fourth invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 4) which is completed by the inventions 1 to 3, is the defocused rotatory measurement of the mode-containing integration unit described in any one of the inventions 1 to 3. The device is characterized in that at least one of an end surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the one end and an end surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the other end portion is farther away from the output portion lens than the focus position of the output portion lens Position, and the image of the end face of the optical fiber is imaged by the output portion lens on the exit surface of the sample (that is, the surface of the signal from which the optical fiber enters the sample is emitted from the sample) The invention of a defocused optical rotation measuring device comprising a mode integration unit. The fifth invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 5) which is completed by the inventions 1 to 4, is a defocusing optical rotation measurement including the mode integration unit described in any one of the inventions 1 to 4. The device is characterized in that the optical path of the signal -11 - 201239336 is the same as the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end of the opposite side of the sample, and the optical fiber of the other end portion of the lens is disposed, that is, An invention of a defocused optical rotation measuring device comprising a mode integration unit of the same optical fiber. The sixth invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 6) which is completed by the inventions 1 to 5, is a defocusing optical rotation measurement including the mode integration unit described in any one of the inventions 1 to 5. The device is characterized by the defocusing optical rotatory measuring device including the mode integrating portion in which the tip end portion of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion and the output portion lens system are fixed to each other. The seventh invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 7) which is completed by the inventions 1 to 6, is a defocusing optical rotation measurement including the mode integration unit described in any one of the inventions 1 to 6. The device is characterized in that at least one of an optical fiber in which a lens is disposed at a tip end portion of the one end and an optical fiber in which a lens is disposed at a tip end portion of the other end is formed between an end surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion and the output portion lens An invention of a defocused optical rotation measuring apparatus including a Faraday rotator and at least one of a quarter-wave plate and a polarizer including a mode integrating portion. The eighth invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 8) which is completed by the inventions 1 to 7, is a defocusing optical rotation measurement including the mode integration unit described in any one of the inventions 1 to 7. The device is characterized in that at least one of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion and the other optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion is between the output portion lens of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion and the sample An invention of a defocused optical rotation measuring apparatus including a Faraday rotator and at least one of a -12-201239336 quarter-wave plate and a polarizer. The ninth invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 9) which is completed by the inventions 1 to 8 is a defocused rotatory measurement of the mode-integrated portion described in any one of the inventions 1 to 8. The apparatus is characterized in that the mode integration unit uses the defocusing optical rotation measuring apparatus including one or both of the core-enhanced fiber and the core-reduction fiber including the mode integration unit. In the defocused optical rotation measuring apparatus including the mode integrating unit of the present invention, both of the core expanding fiber and the core reducing fiber can be used in the mode integrating unit. The tenth invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "invention 1") which is completed by the inventions 1 to 9, is a defocused rotatory light including the mode integration portion described in any one of the inventions 1 to 9. The measuring apparatus is characterized in that the defocused optical rotatory measuring apparatus including the mode integrating unit is an optical fiber in which a lens is disposed at a tip end portion, and a counter defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a part of the optical fiber, and the sample The annular optical path constituting the annular optical interference system can be measured by measuring the phase difference of the light transmitted in the two directions of the annular optical path, and measuring the optical rotation of the sample including the defocused excitation of the mode integration unit The invention of the measuring device. An eleventh invention (hereinafter referred to as "invention 1 1") of the present invention which is completed by the invention of the invention 10 is characterized in that the defocusing optical optometry apparatus including the mode integration unit described in the first aspect of the invention is characterized by The defocused optical rotation measuring device of the mode integration unit transmits the polarized light of the right-handed signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed signal light in the ring-shaped optical path of the ring-shaped interference system, -13-201239336 Ring-shaped interference system ring The optical fiber portion of the optical path is transmitted as the right-handed signal light and the left-handed signal light in the same natural polarization mode as the polarized light of the left-handed signal, and the polarization is detected in mutually orthogonal polarization states. The method of transmitting the signal light by the right-handed signal light and the left-hand light constitutes an invention of an optical rotation measuring apparatus in which the annular optical path includes the mode defocused. The first embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as Invention 1 2) which is completed by the inventions 1 to 11 is a defocused rotatory measuring device including a mode integrating unit according to any one of Inventions 1 to 11. An invention of a defocusing degree measuring apparatus including a mode integrating unit that can scan a body of the sample and/or a polarization conversion optical system in a direction perpendicular to the optical path. Deviation of the optical rotation measuring apparatus including the mode integrating unit according to any one of Inventions 1 to 12, which is an example of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as Invention 13) which is completed by the inventions 1 to 12 The specific sample is a part of the living body, and the optical rotation measuring device is optical information related to the optical rotation of the sample, and has a part of the detecting means of the phase difference as the light, and the pulse of the living body The invention of the defocused rotatory measuring device of the package integrating portion of the means for detecting the phase difference, such as the thickness of the measurement site caused by the artificial measurement. The first embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as Invention 14) which is completed by the inventions 1 to 13 is a defocused rotatory measurement of the mode-integrated portion according to any one of Inventions 1 to 13. The device, the special light is the same as the 12-in-one of the fiber-optic part of the semaphore part, and the sign of the above-mentioned optical pulse and/or size is included in the report. In the case of the former referenced-14-201239336, the measurement apparatus is a part of the living body, and the optical rotation measuring apparatus has a defocusing unit including the mode integration unit of the measurement terminal of the portion that measures the optical information of the optical component of the sample. Invention of an optical rotation measuring device. The fifteenth invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 15) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 1 to 14 is a defocused optical rotation including the mode integration unit described in any one of the inventions 1 to 14. The measuring device is characterized in that the mode-integrating portion of the inter-lens distance adjusting means capable of adjusting the distance between the output portion lens of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the one end portion and the output portion lens of the optical fiber in which the other tip end portion is disposed is disposed The invention of a defocused optical rotation measuring device. The first invention according to the first aspect of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 16) which is completed by the inventions 1 to 15 is defocused in the mode-integrated portion described in any one of the inventions 1 to 15. The optical rotation measuring device is characterized in that the wavelength of the light source is 1 300 nm band, and the core diameter of the large core diameter and low NA polarization surface holding optical fiber is 40 μπι, and NA is 0. 06±0. The invention of 01 is a defocusing optical rotation measuring device comprising a mode integration portion. In the case of 05, the loss caused by the bending of the optical fiber becomes large. In addition, than 0. When the 08 is larger, the loss due to the expansion of the emitted light is increased. The 17th invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 17) which is an example of the present invention which is completed as a solution to the problem is an optical fiber in which a lens is disposed at the tip end portion. The optical path of the signal light is disposed opposite to the sample such as the light-scattering sample, and the signal light emitted from the end surface of the optical fiber in which one of the distal end portions are disposed is incident on the sample to transmit the sample. The optical signal and/or the optical signal reflected by the sample -15-201239336 is incident on the end surface of the other end of the optical fiber of the lens, and the optical optometry device of the optical information associated with the optical rotation of the sample can be measured. According to another aspect of the invention, an output unit of the signal light that is incident on the sample of the one side optical fiber of the tip end portion and/or a signal light that is disposed on the sample body (injected into the sample body) The lens of the input portion of the signal light transmitted through the sample and/or the light reflected or scattered by the sample and the output portion lens of the other optical fiber in which the tip end portion is disposed with the lens On the other hand, an optical rotatory measuring device in which the end face of the optical fiber is not defocused in the defocused optical fiber optical system at the focal position of the output lens is formed. The eighth invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 18) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the invention of the invention, is an optical rotation measuring apparatus which is described in the defocusing of the invention 18, characterized in that the tip end portion is At least one of an end surface of one of the optical fibers in which the lens is disposed and an end surface of the other optical fiber on which the tip end portion is disposed is positioned to be defocused at a position closer to a position of the output portion lens than a focus position of the output portion lens ( Defocus) The invention of an optical rotation measuring device. The nineteenth invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 19) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 17 and 18, is a defocused optical rotation measuring apparatus according to the invention of claim 17 or 18. At least one of an end surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the one end and an end surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the other end portion is at a distance of 0 from the surface of the output portion lens. Invention of a defocused optical rotation measuring device of 6 m or less. 20th-16-201239336 (hereinafter referred to as invention 20) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the invention of the inventions 7 to 19, is defocused in any one of the inventions 17 to 19 The optical rotation measuring apparatus is characterized in that at least one of an end surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the one end and an end surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the other end is further away from the focal position of the lens of the output portion The position of the lens of the output portion, and the image of the end face of the optical fiber is imaged on the exit surface of the sample by the output portion lens (that is, the signal light incident on the sample by the optical fiber is emitted by the sample) The invention of the defocusing optical rotation measuring device at the position of the surface). The twenty-first invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 21) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 17 to 20, is defocused of the mode-containing integration unit described in any one of the inventions 17 to 20 The optical rotation measuring apparatus is characterized in that one optical fiber in which the optical path of the signal light is placed next to the sample so that the tip end portion of the opposite direction is disposed is the same as the other optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion, that is, The invention of a defocused optical rotation measuring device comprising a mode integration unit of the same optical fiber. The 22nd invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 2 2) which is completed by the invention of the invention 1-7 to 2, is the defocusing optical rotation measurement described in any one of the inventions 17 to 21 The device is characterized by the defocused optical rotation measuring device in which the tip end portion of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion and the output portion lens system are fixed to each other. A thirteenth invention (hereinafter referred to as "the invention 23") according to any one of the inventions 17 to 22, which is characterized in that the invention is characterized in that the defocused optical rotation measuring apparatus according to any one of the inventions 17 to 22 is characterized in that At least one of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end of the one end and the -17-201239336 optical fiber in which the other tip end portion is disposed with the lens, and the Faraday rotation element and the quarter are disposed between the end face of the optical fiber and the output portion lens. An invention of an optical rotation measuring apparatus in which at least one of a wavelength plate and a polarizer is defocused. A twenty-fourth invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 24) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the invention of the invention of the present invention is characterized by the defocusing optical rotation measuring apparatus according to any one of the inventions 1 to 23, characterized in that At least one of an optical fiber in which a lens is disposed at a tip end portion of the one end and an optical fiber in which a lens is disposed at a tip end portion of the other end, and a Faraday rotation element and a quarter are disposed between the output portion lens of the optical fiber and the sample. Invention of an optical rotation measuring apparatus in which at least one of a one-wavelength plate and a photo-polarizer is defocused" The twenty-fifth invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 25) which is an example of the present invention completed by the inventions 17 to 24 The defocused optical rotatory measuring device according to any one of the inventions 1 to 24, characterized in that the defocused optical rotatory measuring device including the mode integrating portion is an optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion The opposite defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a part of the optical fiber and the specimen form an annular optical path of the annular optical interference system, and the phase of the light transmitted in the two directions of the annular optical path can be measured. The invention of the defocusing optical rotatory measuring device for measuring the optical rotation of the above-mentioned sample by the difference. According to a twenty-sixth aspect of the invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 26) which is completed by the invention 25, the defocused optical rotation measuring apparatus according to the twenty-fifth aspect of the invention is characterized in that the mode integration unit is dispersed The optical rotation measuring device of the focal point transmits the polarized light of the right-handed signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed signal light in the annular optical path of the ring-shaped interference system, and the optical fiber portion of the annular optical path of the annular interference system is used as the right-handed signal. The polarization of light is transmitted as the right-handed signal light and the left-handed signal light in the same optical fiber in the same intrinsic polarization mode as the polarization of the left-handed signal -18 - 201239336. The sample portions are in mutually orthogonal polarization states to be right-handed respectively. The invention relates to an optical rotation measuring device which defocuss a circular optical path by transmitting signal light by means of signal light and left-handed light. The twenty-third invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 27) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the invention of the invention of the present invention is characterized by the defocusing optical rotation measuring apparatus described in any one of the inventions 17 to 26, characterized in that An invention is a defocused optical rotation measuring apparatus having a mechanism capable of scanning the specimen and/or the polarization conversion optical system in a direction perpendicular to the optical path. The 28th invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 28) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 17 to 27, is a defocused optical rotation measuring apparatus according to any one of the inventions 7 to 27. The method is characterized in that the sample is a part of the living body, and the optical rotation measuring device has a part of the detecting means for the phase difference of the signal light in order to measure the optical information relating to the optical rotation of the sample. The invention is directed to a defocusing optical rotatory measuring apparatus for detecting a phase difference of a portion of a size of a body, such as a pulse of a body and/or a thickness of a measurement site, such as a thickness of a measurement portion. The invention of claim 29 (hereinafter referred to as invention 29) which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is characterized in that the invention is characterized in that the defocused optical rotation measuring apparatus according to any one of the inventions 17 to 28 is characterized in that The sample is a part of the living body, and the optical rotation measuring device has an invention of a defocused rotatory measuring device that measures the measurement terminal of the portion of the sample that is related to the optical information of the optical rotation. </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> Defocusing rotatory measurement of the inter-lens distance adjusting means capable of adjusting the distance between the output portion lens of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the one end and the output portion lens of the optical fiber in which the other tip end portion is disposed with the lens The invention of the device. The 31st invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 3 1) which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is completed by the inventions 17 to 30, is a defocused optical rotation measuring apparatus according to any one of Inventions 7 to 30. The characteristic is that the wavelength of the light source is 1 30,000 nm, and the core diameter of the large core diameter and low NA polarization surface preservation optical fiber is 40 μm, and ΝΑ is 0. 06±0. Invention of a defocused optical rotation measuring device of 01. The 32nd invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the invention 32") is an optical fiber in which the optical fiber of the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the constituent elements of the annular optical path, and the optical path of the signal light is optically rotated. The invention provides an optical rotation measuring apparatus for measuring the optical rotation of the sample by irradiating the sample with the signal light emitted from the optical fiber and aligning the sample with the optical fiber, and is characterized in that the sample is disposed at the tip end portion. At least one of the optical fibers of the lens is a single-mode optical fiber in which the first optical fiber having a different core diameter is connected to the second optical fiber transmission mode integrating portion, and the first optical fiber is a small core diameter. The sorghum (here, ΝΑ is the number of openings) single-mode fiber, and the second fiber is a large-core-low-single-mode single-mode fiber, and the single-mode fiber in which the first fiber and the second fiber transmission mode integration unit are connected is the aforementioned The second optical fiber is disposed closer to the side of the sample than the first optical fiber on the optical path, and the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end of the -20-201239336 before the alignment is disposed close to the side of the sample The lens in the vicinity of the end face is disposed as an optical path for the signal light for output and/or input, and an optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the signal light which is disposed opposite to the sample on the optical path of the signal light Between the respective end faces and the specimen, at least the polarizing-transforming optical system in which the non-opposing polarizing surface rotating element is disposed is formed in addition to the output portion lens, and is disposed opposite to the specimen from the optical path. The polarization conversion optical system has mutually orthogonal polarizations, and the right-handed signal light and the left-handed signal light are incident on the sample, and the polarized light of one of the oppositely-polarized polarization optical systems is changed. In the optical system of the first polarization conversion optical system, the end surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed, the signal light emitted from the right-handed signal light or the left-handed signal light of the annular optical path is incident on the sample through the output portion lens. Transmitting the signal light transmitted through the sample and/or the signal light reflected by the sample into the anterior end of the second polarization conversion optical system of the other polarization conversion optical system of the oppositely disposed polarization conversion optical system An end surface of the optical fiber on which the output portion lens is disposed, and a left-handed signal light having an annular optical path as an end face of the optical fiber in which the output portion lens of the second polarization conversion optical system of the polarized light conversion optical system disposed oppositely is disposed The signal light emitted by the right-handed signal light is incident on the sample through the lens of the output portion, and the signal light transmitted through the sample and/or the signal light reflected by the sample is incident on the oppositely disposed side. The end portion of the first polarization conversion optical system is provided with an end face of the optical fiber of the output portion lens, and the optical information of the optical rotation of the sample can be measured. The apparatus of the invention rotation of the measurement unit integrated mode. According to a third aspect of the present invention, which is the third aspect of the invention, which is the invention of the invention of the invention of the invention of the invention of claim 32, At least one of an end surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of one of the lenses and an end surface of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the other end portion is at a distance from the surface of the output portion lens. The invention of an optical rotation measuring apparatus including a mode integrating unit of 6 m or less. A thirty-fourth invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 34) which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is characterized in that the invention is an optical rotation measuring apparatus including a mode integrating unit according to any one of the inventions 32 or 33, characterized in that The optical path of the signal light is the same as that of the other optical fiber, that is, the optical fiber of the same optical fiber, that is, the optical fiber measuring device including the mode integrating portion. The 35th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 35), which is an optical rotation measuring apparatus including the mode integrating unit described in any one of the inventions 32 to 34, characterized in that At least one of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion and the other optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion is provided with a Faraday rotation element and a quarter wavelength between the end surface of the optical fiber and the output portion lens An invention of an optical rotation measuring apparatus including a mode integrating portion of at least one of a plate and a polarizer. The thirty-third invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 36) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 32 to 35, is an optical rotation measuring apparatus including the mode integrating unit described in any one of the inventions 3 to 3 At least one of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion and the other optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion is characterized in that Faraday is disposed between the output portion lens of the optical fiber and the sample of -22-201239336 An invention of an optical rotation measuring apparatus comprising a mode integrating portion of at least one of a rotating element and a quarter-wave plate and a polarizer. The invention of claim 37 (hereinafter referred to as "the invention 37" according to any one of the inventions 32 to 36, wherein the optical optometry apparatus including the mode integration unit according to any one of the inventions 32 to 36 is characterized in that The optical rotation measuring apparatus including the mode integrating unit includes a 37th and a second optical fiber including the mode integrating unit, and a counter polarization conversion optical system including a part of the first and second optical fibers including the mode integrating unit. The annular optical path of the annular optical interference system is configured to measure the optical rotation of the inclusion mode integration unit of the optical rotation of the sample by measuring the phase difference of the light transmitted in the two directions of the annular optical path. The invention of the measuring device. The invention of the third aspect of the invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 38) which is completed by the invention of the invention, is the optical optometry apparatus including the mode integration unit described in the invention 37, characterized in that the mode is included The optical rotation measuring device of the integration unit transmits the polarized light of the right-handed signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed signal light in the annular optical path of the ring-shaped interference system, and the optical fiber portion of the annular optical path of the annular interference system is used as the right-handed The polarized light of the signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed signal are transmitted as the right-handed signal light and the left-handed signal light in the same optical fiber in the same intrinsic polarization mode, and the sample portions are in mutually orthogonal polarization states to respectively serve as right-handed signal light and The invention of the optical optometry apparatus including the mode integration unit of the annular optical path is a method of transmitting the signal light by the left-hand signal light. The ninth aspect of the present invention, which is completed by the inventions 32 to 38, is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. -23-201239336 (hereinafter referred to as Invention 39), which is an optical rotation including a mode integration unit described in any one of Inventions 32 to 38. The degree measuring device is characterized in that it has an optical rotation measuring device including a mode integrating portion that can scan a surface of the sample and/or the polarization conversion optical system in a direction perpendicular to the optical path. The 40th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 40) which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is characterized in that the invention is characterized in that the optical rotation measuring apparatus including the mode integrating unit described in any one of the inventions 32 to 39 is characterized in that The sample is a part of the living body, and the optical rotation measuring device has a part of a detecting means for the phase difference of the signal light to measure the optical information related to the optical rotation of the sample, thereby causing a pulse with the living body. And the invention of the optical rotatory measuring apparatus including the mode integrating unit of the means for detecting the phase difference in synchronization with the period of the measurement of the phase difference, such as the thickness of the measurement site caused by the human being. The 41st invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 4 1), which is an optical rotation measuring apparatus including the mode integrating unit described in any one of the inventions 3 to 40, It is characterized in that the sample is a part of the living body, and the optical rotation measuring device has an invention of an optical rotation measuring device including a mode integrating unit that measures a measurement terminal of a portion of the sample that is related to the optical information of the optical rotation. The 42th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 42) which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is an optical rotation measuring apparatus including the mode integrating unit described in any one of the inventions 32 to 41, It is characterized in that the mode of the inter-lens distance adjustment means for adjusting the distance between the output portion lens of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the one end and the output portion lens of the optical fiber in which the tip end portion of the lens is disposed at the end of the -24-201239336 is integrated. The invention of the optical rotation measuring device of the Ministry. The invention of claim 43 (hereinafter referred to as invention 43), which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is an optical rotation measuring apparatus including a mode integrating unit according to any one of the inventions 32 to 42, characterized in that The wavelength of the light source is 1 300 nm, and the core diameter of the large core diameter and low NA polarization surface is 40 μιη, and NA is 0. 06±0. An invention of an optical rotation measuring apparatus comprising a mode integrating unit of 01. The 44th invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 44) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the method of the present invention, is an optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion, and the optical path of the signal light is tilted by the optical rotation measuring object. An invention for arranging a polarization conversion optical system that can be used in an optical rotation measurement system for measuring the optical rotation of the sample by irradiating signal light emitted from the optical fiber to the sample, and is characterized in that it is used for alignment The optical fiber in which the tip end portion of at least one of the polarization conversion optical systems is disposed is a single-mode optical fiber in which a first optical fiber having a different core diameter is connected to a second optical fiber transmission mode integrating portion, and the first optical fiber is a small core diameter. The sorghum single mode fiber and the second fiber are a large core diameter and a low ΝΑ single mode fiber, and the single fiber connected to the first fiber and the second fiber transmission mode integration unit is the second fiber. The optical path is disposed closer to the side of the sample, and the lens is adjacent to an end surface of the optical fiber on which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the opposite end that is close to the sample. The lens for output and/or input is disposed on the optical path of the signal light, and at least one of the optical fibers in which the lens is disposed at the tip end of the -25-201239336 arranged in the opposite direction is on the optical path of the signal light. At a position away from a focus position of the lens of the output portion, signal light emitted from the end surface of one of the optical fibers of the tip end portion of the lens is incident on the sample through the output portion lens, so that the signal light transmitted through the sample and/or The signal light reflected by the sample is incident on the end surface of the other end of the optical fiber in which the output portion lens is disposed at the tip end portion, and the defocusing polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration portion of the optical information related to the optical rotation of the sample can be measured. Invention. The invention of the forty-fifth aspect of the invention, which is described in the fourth aspect of the invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 45), is the defocusing polarization conversion optical system according to the invention including the mode integration unit, characterized in that the first end portion of the first aspect is arranged At least one of an end surface of the optical fiber of the lens and an end surface of the optical fiber in which the other end portion of the lens is disposed is located at a position closer to a position of the output portion lens than a focus position of the output portion lens Invention of a polarization conversion optical system. The forty-sixth invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 46) of the present invention, which is completed by the inventions 44 and 45, is a defocused polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit described in Invention 44 or 45, and features At least one of an end surface of one of the optical fibers in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion and an end surface of the other optical fiber in which the tip end portion is disposed with the lens may have a distance from the surface of the output portion lens. The invention of a defocused polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit used for 6 m or less. The forty-seventh invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 47) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the invention of the inventions 44 to 46 is the defocusing of the mode integration unit as set forth in any of the inventions 44 to 46 The polarization conversion optical system is characterized in that at least one of an end surface of one of the optical fibers in which the tip end portion is disposed with the lens and an end surface of the other optical fiber in which the tip end portion is disposed with the lens is farther from the output than the focus position of the output portion lens The position of the partial lens and the image of the end face of the optical fiber are imaged on the exit surface of the sample by the output portion lens (that is, the signal light emitted from the optical fiber into the sample is emitted from the sample) The invention of the defocusing polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit is the 48th invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 48) of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 44 to 47, and is based on the invention 44 to 47 The defocusing polarization conversion optical system including the mode integrating unit described in any one of the embodiments is characterized in that the optical fiber of the signal light can be used in a fiber in which the optical fiber of the signal is placed adjacent to the sample to be disposed at the tip end portion of the opposite side. Tip portion of the other of the lens is arranged in the same optical fiber comprising a defocus mode i.e. integrated unit of the same optical fiber of the invention, a polarizing conversion optical system. The forty-third invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the invention 49"), which is an embodiment of the present invention, is a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit according to any one of the inventions 44 to 48, The invention of the present invention is completed by the invention of the defocused polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit in which the tip end portion of the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion and the output portion lens system are fixed to each other. The invention of claim 50 (hereinafter referred to as invention 50) is a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit according to any one of the inventions 44 to 49, characterized in that the front end portion is described in the aforementioned -27-201239336 At least one of the optical fiber of the lens in which the lens is disposed and the other optical fiber of the lens in which the tip end portion is disposed, and the Faraday rotation element and the quarter-wave plate and the polarizer are disposed between the end surface of the optical fiber and the output lens. At least one of them includes the invention of a defocusing polarization conversion optical system of a mode integration unit. The 51st invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 5 1), which is an example of the present invention, which is completed by the inventions 44 to 50, is a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit described in any one of Inventions 44 to 50. At least one of the optical fiber of the lens in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion and the other optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion is characterized in that the lens of the output portion of the fiber is detected by the lens. An invention in which a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integrating portion is provided between at least one of a Faraday rotator, a quarter-wave plate, and a polarizer is disposed between the bodies. The 52nd invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 5 2) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 44 to 51, is the defocusing polarization conversion optical including the mode integration unit described in any one of the inventions 44 to 51. The invention is characterized in that the mode integration unit uses a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including one or both of the core-expanded optical fibers and the core-reduced light. The 53rd invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 53) which is an embodiment of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 44 to 52, is a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit described in any one of Inventions 44 to 52. a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit, wherein the optical fiber having the lens at the tip end and the opposite defocusing polarization conversion optical system including the optical fiber including the lens at the tip end are arranged Sample -28-201239336 The invention of the defocusing polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit of the annular optical path of the annular optical interference system. The 54th invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 54) of the invention according to the invention of the invention of claim 53 is characterized in that the defocusing polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit is characterized in that the ring shape is The circular optical path of the interference system transmits the polarized light of the right-handed signal light and the polarized light of the left-handed signal light, and the optical fiber portion of the annular optical path of the annular interference system makes the polarized light of the right-handed signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed signal. In the same intrinsic polarization mode, the same optical fiber is respectively transmitted as the right-handed signal light and the left-handed signal light, and the sample portion is configured such that the polarized light as the right-handed signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed signal light are mutually orthogonal in the polarized state. The method of transmitting the right-handed signal light and the left-handed signal light constitutes the defocusing polarization conversion optical system including the mode integrating unit of the polarization conversion optical system. The 55th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 55), which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is disclosed in any of Inventions 44 to 54, is a defocusing and polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit according to any one of Inventions 44 to 54. The invention is characterized in that a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integrating portion that can scan a surface of the sample and/or the polarization conversion optical system in a direction perpendicular to the optical path is provided. The 56th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 5 6) which is completed by the inventions 44 to 55, is the defocused polarization conversion optical including the mode integration unit described in any one of the inventions 44 to 55. The method is characterized in that the sample is a part of a living body, and the defocusing polarization conversion optical system has a phase difference of the light of the -29-201239336 signal for measuring the optical information about the optical rotation of the sample. Part of the means for detecting the phase in synchronization with a periodically changing period of the living body, such as the thickness of the measurement site caused by the living body or the human. The invention of the defocusing polarization conversion optical system of the integrated method. The negative example of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 5 7) which is completed by the inventions 44 to 56 is a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit as set forth in Inventions 44 to 56, and features The invention is a part of a living body, and the defocusing polarization conversion optical system is a method of measuring a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integrating portion of a portion of the sample related to the optical information of the optical rotation. A description of an example of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "invention 58") is a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integrating unit as set forth in Inventions 44 to 57, and the front end portion is adjusted in characteristics. The output portion of the optical fiber of one of the lenses is disposed. The other end of the optical fiber is disposed in the optical lens. The inter-lens distance adjustment means of the lens includes the defocusing optics of the mode integration unit. An example of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 59) which is completed by the inventions 44 to 58 is a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit as set forth in Inventions 44 to 58. It is a 1 300 00 band, and the core diameter of the above-mentioned large core diameter low NA optical fiber is 40 μm, and NA is 0. 06±0. 01. The invention of a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a module. The 60th pulse and the sub-division of the example of the present invention, which is completed as a solution to the problem, includes a model 57, which is referred to as the above-mentioned squatting measurement end >: 58, a converted light which can be recorded as a lens and a distance 59. The invention relates to a light source surface preservation type integrated invention (hereinafter, -30-201239336 is referred to as invention 60). The optical path of the optical light beam in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion is placed opposite to the sample body to be arranged in the opposite direction. The optical fiber signal light is applied to the sample, and the polarization conversion optical system that can be used in the optical rotation measurement system for the optical rotation of the sample is an optical fiber to which the polarization conversion optical system used for the opposite direction is disposed. The lens for outputting and/or inputting the lens near the end surface of the sample is disposed on the optical path of the signal light, and at least one of the oppositely disposed optical fibers is separated from the optical path of the signal light. The position of the focus position of the output lens, the signal light emitted from the end surface of one of the optical fibers of the transmission mirror is incident on the sample through the output, so that the signal light transmitted through the sample and/or borrowed Reflectance of light signals incident end face of the optical fiber tip portion is configured to output a portion of the lenses can be used to associate the subject invention, the measurement optical system of defocusing of the spin polarization conversion optical information. The sixth aspect of the present invention, which is completed by the invention 60, is referred to as the invention 6 1), and is described in the defocusing optical system of the invention 60, characterized in that the end face of the one optical fiber and the other end face are At least one of the defocused polarization conversion optical systems located at a position closer to the position of the output portion lens than the focus portion of the output portion lens is formed as an embodiment of the present invention completed by expanding the inventions 60 and 61 (hereinafter referred to as According to a sixth aspect of the invention, the optical conversion optical system according to the invention of claim 60, wherein at least one of an end surface of the one of the optical fibers and an end surface of the optical fiber of the front side is at a distance of 0. The defocusing polarization conversion optical system used in the case of 6 mm or less is less characterized by the degree of signal emission, and the invention is such that the end surface of the transmissive lens is replaced by the other luminosity (the optical fiber of the converted light is further connected). Inventive. The invention of the invention is based on the invention of the invention. The invention of the invention is based on the invention of the invention. The defocused polarization conversion optical system according to any one of 62, wherein at least one of an end surface of one of the optical fibers in which the tip end portion is disposed with the lens and an end surface of the other optical fiber in which the tip end portion is disposed with the lens is outputted The focal position of the lens is further away from the position of the output lens, and the image of the end face of the optical fiber is imaged on the exit surface of the sample by the output lens (that is, the optical fiber is injected into the sample) Invention of a defocusing polarization conversion optical system in which the signal light is emitted from the surface of the sample. The 64th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the invention" For hair. The defocusing polarization conversion optical system according to any one of the inventions 60 to 63, characterized in that the optical path of the signal light can be used to arrange the lens at the tip end portion of the opposite side of the sample. The optical fiber of one of the optical fibers and the other optical fiber of the other end of the lens are disposed, that is, the same optical fiber defocusing polarization conversion optical system. A 65th invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 65) which is an embodiment of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 60 to 64, and is a defocusing polarization conversion optical system according to any one of Inventions 60 to 64, characterized in that the optical fiber is The invention discloses a defocused defocusing polarization conversion optical system in which the leading end portion and the output portion lens system are fixed to each other. The 66th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 66), which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is described in any one of the inventions 60 to 65, characterized in that the apex is at the apex At least one of the optical fiber of the one of the lens in which the lens is disposed and the other optical fiber of the front end of the lens is disposed at least one of the optical fiber-32-201239336, and the Faraday rotating element and the quarter are disposed between the end face of the optical fiber and the output lens. An invention of a defocused polarization conversion optical system of at least one of a wavelength plate and a polarizer. A 67th invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 67) which is an embodiment of the present invention which is completed by the invention of 60 to 66, and is a defocused polarization conversion optical system according to any one of Inventions 60 to 66, which is characterized in that the apex is At least one of the optical fiber of the lens in which the lens is disposed and the other optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion, and the Faraday rotation element and the quarter-wave plate are disposed between the output lens of the optical fiber and the sample. Invention of at least one depolarizing polarization conversion optical system among polarizers. A 68th invention (hereinafter referred to as "Invention 68") according to any one of Inventions 60 to 67, which is characterized in that the defocusing polarization conversion optical system described in any one of Inventions 60 to 67 is characterized in that the defocusing is The polarization conversion optical system is a defocused polarization conversion of an annular optical path in which an optical fiber having a lens disposed at a tip end portion and a pair of a defocused polarization conversion optical system including the portion and the sample constitutes an annular optical interference system The invention of the optical system. The 69th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 69), which is an invention of the invention, is characterized in that the defocused polarization conversion optical system described in the invention 68 is characterized by the annular light of the annular interference system. The path transmits the polarized light as the right-handed signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed signal light, and the optical fiber portion of the annular optical path of the ring-shaped interference system causes the polarized light as the right-handed signal and the polarized light as the left-handed signal to be in the same intrinsic polarization mode. The same optical fiber is respectively transmitted as the right-handed signal light and the left-handed signal light, and the polarized light which is the right-handed signal light and the polarized light which is the left-handed signal light are orthogonal to each other in the polarization state of -33-201239336, respectively, as the right side. The way the signal is transmitted and the left-handed signal is transmitted. An invention of the defocusing polarization conversion optical system constituting the polarization conversion optical system. The 70th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 70) which is an embodiment of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 60 to 69, is a defocused polarization conversion optical system described in any one of Inventions 60 to 69, characterized in that The invention has a defocusing polarization conversion optical system capable of scanning a target of the sample and/or the polarization conversion optical system in a direction perpendicular to the right angle. The 71st invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 71) which is an embodiment of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 60 to 70, is a defocusing polarization conversion optical system described in any one of Inventions 60 to 70, characterized in that the sample is In one part of the living body, the defocusing polarization conversion optical system has a part of a detection means for the phase difference of the signal light, and a pulse of the living body, in order to measure the optical information about the optical rotation of the sample. The invention of the defocused polarization conversion optical system of the means for detecting the phase difference in synchronization with a period in which a part of the size of the living body is periodically changed, such as the thickness of the measurement site. The 72nd invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 72) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 60 to 71, is a defocused polarization conversion optical system according to any one of the inventions 60 to 71, which is characterized by the above-described inspection. The body is a part of the living body, and the defocused polarization conversion optical system has an invention of a defocusing polarization conversion optical system that detects a measurement terminal of a portion of the sample that is related to the optical information of the optical rotation. The present invention is directed to a defocused polarization conversion optical system according to any one of the inventions 60 to 72, which is an embodiment of the present invention. Invention of a defocusing polarization conversion optical system characterized in that an inter-lens distance adjusting means capable of adjusting a distance between an output portion lens of one of the optical fibers of the tip end portion of the lens and an output portion lens of the other end of the optical fiber . The invention of claim 74 (hereinafter referred to as invention 74) which is an embodiment of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 60 to 73, is a defocused polarization conversion optical system according to any one of the inventions 60 to 73, which is characterized by a wavelength of a light source. The invention is a 13 OOnm band, and the above-mentioned large core diameter and low ΝΑ bias wave surface preservation optical fiber has a core diameter of 40 μm, and the invention of a defocusing polarization conversion optical system of ·0.6±0·01 is completed as a solution. According to a 75th aspect of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 75), two types of polarization conversion optical systems including a mode integration unit are used, and an optical fiber having a lens disposed at a tip end is subjected to optical rotation measurement of an optical path of signal light. a polarization conversion optical system that can be used in an optical rotation measurement system in which the signal emitted from the optical fiber is irradiated onto the sample, and the optical rotation measurement system for measuring the optical rotation of the sample is used, and is characterized in that: The optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of at least one of the polarization conversion optical systems that are disposed is a single-mode optical fiber in which a first optical fiber having a different core diameter is connected to a second optical fiber transmission mode integration portion, and is relatively front-mounted. The first optical fiber is a small core diameter/high ΝΑ single mode fiber, and the second optical fiber is a large core diameter and a low ΝΑ single mode fiber, and the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber transmission mode integration unit are connected to each other. The second optical fiber is disposed on the optical path closer to the side of the sample than the first optical fiber, and the lens is used as the transmission near the end surface of the optical fiber disposed opposite to the sample in the opposite direction - 35 - 201239336 The lens for use and/or input is disposed on the optical path of the signal light, and the signal light emitted from the end surface of one of the optical fibers on which the output lens is disposed is incident on the sample through the output portion lens to transmit the sample. The signal light and/or the signal light reflected by the sample is incident on the end surface of the other end of the optical fiber in which the output portion lens is disposed at the tip end portion, and the optical information including the optical rotation of the sample can be measured. Invention of a polarization conversion optical system. The 76th invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 76) of the invention according to the invention of the invention 75 is the polarization conversion optical system of the mode-integrated unit of the invention 75, characterized in that the end face of the one optical fiber and the other At least one of the end faces of one of the optical fibers is at a distance from the surface of the output lens. The invention of a polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit used for 6 mm or less. A 77th invention (hereinafter, referred to as Invention 77) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 75 and 76, and is characterized in that the polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit described in any one of Inventions 75 or 76 is characterized in that The invention relates to a polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit in which an optical path of the signal light is placed next to the sample so that the one side optical fiber and the other optical fiber are disposed in the same direction. The 78th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 78) which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is the invention of the present invention, is characterized in that the polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit described in any one of Inventions 75 to 77 is characterized in that An invention of a polarization conversion optical system including a mode integrating portion in which a tip end portion of an optical fiber in which a lens is disposed at a tip end portion and a lens portion of the output portion are fixed to each other. The present invention is directed to a polarized light conversion optical system including a mode integrating unit, which is described in the inventions 75 to 78, as an example of the present invention, which is completed by the inventions 75 to 78 (hereinafter referred to as invention 79). At least one of the optical fiber having one end of the lens and the other end of the optical fiber is disposed, and the Faraday rotator and the quarter-wave photon are disposed between the end surface lens of the second optical fiber. Invention of at least one of the polarized light including the mode integrating unit. As an example of the present invention completed by the inventions 75 to 79 (hereinafter referred to as the invention 80), the mode of inclusion in the inventions 75 to 79 is included. The polarization conversion optical system of the integration unit is characterized in that at least one of the optical fiber having one end of the lens and the other end of the optical fiber is disposed, and the Faraday rotation element is disposed between the output of the second optical fiber and the sample. The invention of the polarizing system including the mode integrating portion with at least one of the quarter polarizers. An example of the present invention completed by the inventions 75 to 80; (hereinafter, referred to as the invention 8 1) is a polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit of the invention 75 to 80, characterized by integration The invention uses a core-expanded optical fiber and a core to reduce light or one of the polarization conversion optical systems including the mode integration portion. An example of the present invention completed by the inventions 75 to 8 1 (hereinafter referred to as invention 82) is a polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit, which is characterized by a mode integration unit. In the polarization conversion optical system, the tip end portion is recorded in any of the pre-positioning lenses. And the output long plate and the offset optical system = the 80th lens of the partial lens and the wavelength plate and the conversion optical L 81th, which are recorded in any of the above-mentioned modes. Any one of the optical fibers including the optical fiber of the arrangement lens-37-201239336 and the optical polarization conversion optical system including a part of the optical fiber including the lens at the tip end portion and the sample constitute an annular optical path of the annular optical interference system. The invention of the polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit is used. The 83rd invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 83) which is completed by the invention 82 is the polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit described in the invention 82, and is characterized by the annular interference system. The ring-shaped optical path transmits the polarized light as the right-handed signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed signal light, and the optical fiber portion of the annular optical path of the ring-shaped interference system makes the polarization of the right-handed signal light the same as the polarization of the left-handed signal. The polarized light mode is transmitted as the right-handed signal light and the left-handed signal light in the same optical fiber, and the sample portion is used as a right-handed rotation state in which the polarized light as the right-handed signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed light are orthogonal to each other. The invention relates to a polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit used for the polarization conversion optical system in which the signal light and the left-hand signal light are transmitted. The 84th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 84), which is an embodiment of the present invention, is characterized in that the polarized light conversion optical system including the mode integration unit described in any one of Inventions 75 to 83 is characterized in that An invention of a polarization conversion optical system including a mode integrating portion that can scan a surface of the sample and/or the polarization conversion optical system in a direction perpendicular to the optical path. The 85th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 85), which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is disclosed in any one of Inventions 75 to 84, is characterized in that the polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit is characterized in that The sample-38-201239336 is a part of the living body, and the polarization conversion optical system has a part of the detection means for the phase difference of the signal light, in order to measure the optical information about the optical rotation of the sample. The invention of the polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit of the means for detecting the phase difference, such as the pulse of the living body and/or the thickness of the measurement site, such as the thickness of the measurement site. The 86th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 8 6) which is an embodiment of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 75 to 85, is a polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit described in any one of the inventions 7 to 85. The above-described sample is a part of a living body, and the polarization conversion optical system has an invention of a polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit for measuring a portion of a measurement terminal of an optical information relating to optical rotation of the sample. The 87th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 87) which is an embodiment of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 75 to 86, is characterized in that the polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit described in any one of Inventions 75 to 86 is characterized in that The polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit of the inter-lens distance adjustment means for adjusting the distance between the output portion lens of the optical fiber of the one end portion of the lens and the output portion lens of the other end of the optical fiber of the lens invention. The 88th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 88), which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is disclosed in any one of Inventions 75 to 87, is characterized in that the polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit is characterized in that The wavelength of the light source is 1 300 nm band, while the aforementioned large core diameter. The low-NA bias surface saves the optical fiber with a core diameter of 40μηι and ΝΑ is 0. 06±0. 01 includes the mode integration department -39- 201239336 The invention of the polarization conversion optical system. The 89th invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 8 9) which is an example of the present invention which is completed as a solution to the problem is used for measuring the optical path of the signal light using the optical fiber having the lens at the tip end portion. An optical rotation measuring method for measuring the optical rotation of a sample by an optical rotation measuring system of a polarization conversion optical system in which the body is opposed to each other (hereinafter, an optical rotation measuring method for measuring the optical rotation of a sample used in an optical rotation measuring system) is simply referred to as The method for measuring optical rotation is characterized in that the optical rotation measuring method includes an optical rotation measuring system prepared by preparing a polarization conversion optical system and a ring-shaped interference system, or an optical rotation degree having a polarization conversion optical system and a ring-shaped interference system. The measuring device is used as a step of the optical rotation measuring system, as described above in the optical rotation measuring system. a step of mounting a sample on the polarization conversion optical system, and a step of injecting a phase difference caused by the signal light of the polarized light which is orthogonal to the right-handed signal light and the left-handed signal light, which is caused by the sample; the polarization conversion In the optical system, the optical fiber in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion is a single-mode optical fiber in which a first optical fiber having a different core diameter is connected to a second optical fiber transmission mode integrating portion, and the first optical fiber is a small core diameter and a high NA single. a mode fiber, wherein the second fiber is a large core diameter and a low NA single mode fiber, and the first fiber is connected to the second fiber transmission mode integration unit, and the second fiber is on the optical path of the first fiber. The lens is disposed closer to the side of the sample, and the lens is disposed as a lens for output and/or input in the vicinity of an end surface of the optical fiber on which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion of the opposite direction. In the optical path of the signal light, at least one of the optical fibers in which the lens is disposed at the tip end portion disposed opposite to each other, and the end surface of the signal light is located at a focus position away from the output portion lens -40-201239336 At a position where the signal light emitted from the end face of the optical fiber in which the output lens is disposed oppositely is incident on the sample through the output lens, the signal light transmitted through the sample and/or by the foregoing The signal light reflected by the sample is incident on the end surface of the other optical fiber in which the tip end portion is disposed in the output portion lens, and the optical rotation information of the defocusing polarization conversion optical system including the mode integrated portion of the optical information associated with the sample can be measured. The invention of the measurement method. The 90th invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 90) of the present invention, which is an invention of the invention, is described in the optical rotation measuring method of Invention 89, characterized in that the end face of the one of the optical fibers disposed oppositely is used. At least one of the end faces of the other optical fibers is disposed in an optical rotation measuring method of a polarization conversion optical system that is closer to a position of the output portion lens than a focal position of the output portion lens. The ninth invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the invention 9 1") which is completed by the invention of the inventions 89 and 90, is an optical rotation measuring method according to the invention 89 or 90, characterized in that the tip end portion is provided with a lens At least one of the end face of one of the optical fibers and the end face of the other of the optical fibers is at a distance of 0 from the surface of the output lens. The invention of measuring the optical rotation method relating to the optical information of the optical rotation by arranging the method of 6 mm or less. The ninth aspect of the invention (hereinafter referred to as "the invention 92") which is an invention of the invention of the invention of the invention of the invention of the invention of the invention of At least one of an end surface of one of the optical fibers arranging the lens and an end surface of the other of the optical fibers is disposed at a position closer to a position of the output portion lens from the focus position of the output portion lens - 41 - 0339336, and is disposed in the optical fiber The image of the end face is measured by the position of the output portion lens on the exit surface of the sample (that is, the surface of the signal from which the optical fiber enters the sample is emitted from the sample). Invention of optical measurement method for optical information. The 93rd invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 93) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 89 to 92, is an optical rotation measuring method according to any one of Inventions 89 to 92, which is characterized by light of signal light. The method of measuring the optical rotation of the same optical fiber is the same as that of the other optical fiber. The 94th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 94), which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is disclosed in any one of Inventions 89 to 93, characterized in that the apex portion is At least one of one of the optical fibers of the lens and the other of the optical fibers is disposed between the end face of the optical fiber and the output lens, and at least one of a Faraday rotator, a quarter-wave plate, and a polarizer is disposed. The invention of an optical optometry method for measuring optical information associated with optical rotation with an optical fiber. The 95th invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 95) which is an invention of the invention of the invention of the invention of the invention of the invention of the invention of the invention of the invention of At least one of one of the optical fibers of the lens and the other of the optical fibers is used, and at least one of a Faraday rotator, a quarter-wave plate, and a polarizer is disposed between the output lens of the optical fiber and the sample. The invention of an optical optometry method for measuring optical information associated with optical rotation. An optical rotation measuring method according to any one of the inventions 89 to 95, characterized in that the method of measuring the optical activity described in any one of the inventions of the present invention is characterized by The invention of the above-described mode integration unit uses an optical rotation measurement method in which one or both of the core-expanded fiber and the core-reduced fiber are used. The method of measuring the optical rotation according to any one of the inventions of the present invention, wherein the first aspect of the invention is the method of measuring the optical rotation according to any one of the inventions of the invention of the present invention. The optical path between the optical fiber on which the lens is disposed and the opposite polarization polarization conversion optical system including a part of the optical fiber in which the tip end portion is disposed with the lens and the sample constitute an annular optical interference system can be measured by the ring shape The invention of measuring the optical rotation of the optical information associated with the optical rotation of the sample in the phase difference of the light transmitted in the two directions of the optical path. The 98th invention (hereinafter referred to as invention 98) which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the invention 97 is characterized in that the optical rotation measuring method described in the invention 97 is characterized by the ring-shaped optical path of the ring-shaped system. Transmitting the polarized light as the right-handed signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed signal light, and the optical fiber portion of the annular optical path of the ring-shaped interference system makes the polarized light as the right-handed signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed signal the same in the same natural polarization mode. The optical fibers are respectively transmitted as right-handed signal light and left-handed signal light, and the sample portion is configured to make the polarized light as the right-handed signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed signal light in mutually orthogonal polarization states as the right-handed signal light and the left-handed rotation, respectively. The method of transmitting the signal light constitutes the invention of the optical rotation measuring method of the polarization conversion optical system. The 99th invention (hereinafter referred to as "the invention 99") which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 89 to 98, is an optical rotation measurement method described in any one of the inventions 89 to 98, and is characterized by An invention is made of an optical rotation measuring method having a mechanism capable of scanning the sample and/or the polarization conversion optical system in a direction perpendicular to the optical path. The 100th invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 100), which is an invention of any one of the inventions 89 to 99, characterized in that the sample is a living body. In one part of the body, the optical rotation measuring device uses a part of the detecting means for the phase difference of the signal light to measure the optical information related to the optical rotation of the sample, thereby causing a pulse with the living body and/or artificial The invention of the optical rotation measuring method for measuring optical information relating to optical rotation is a means for detecting the phase difference in synchronization with a period in which the state of a part of the size of the living body is periodically changed, such as the thickness of the measurement site. The 101st invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as Invention 1 〇1), which is an embodiment of the present invention, which is an invention of the invention, is characterized in that the optical rotation measuring method according to any one of Inventions 89 to 100 is characterized by the above-mentioned inspection. The body is a part of the living body, and the polarizing conversion optical system uses the method of measuring the optical rotation of the measuring terminal of the portion for measuring the optical information of the optical component of the sample. The 102nd invention of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as the invention 1) is an optical rotation measuring method according to any one of the inventions 89 to 101, which is characterized in that the use of the above is changed. Invention of an optical rotation measuring method for a distance between an output lens of one of the optical fibers and an output lens of the other optical fiber. 103-44-201239336, which is an example of the present invention which is completed by the inventions 89 to 102 (referred to as Invention No. 10), is an optical rotation measuring method described in any one of Inventions 8 9 to 10 3 The characteristic is that the wavelength of the light source is i 3 00 nrn band 'the core diameter of the large core diameter and low ΝΑ bias wave surface is 40 μιη, and ΝΑ is 0. Invention of the optical rotation measuring method of the polarization conversion optical system of 06±0·01. Further, the above Inventions 89 to 103 use a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integrating portion in the polarization conversion optical system. Such a measurement method exerts a great effect as compared with the previous measurement method. However, as will be apparent from the following detailed description, the present invention can provide an optical rotation degree which is far superior to the previous measurement method, even in the polarization conversion optical system using the defocused polarization conversion optical system exemplified in the above-described inventions 60 to 74. In addition, in the polarization conversion optical system, the polarization conversion optical system including the mode integration unit exemplified in the above Inventions 75 to 88 can provide an optical rotation measurement method which is more excellent than the previous measurement method. Also included in the present invention. The present invention widely includes a defocusing polarization conversion optical system using a non-opposing polarization surface rotation element such as an optical fiber including a mode integration unit and a Faraday rotation element, and/or a ring optical interference system using a parallel optical polarization conversion optical system. The optical path of the ring-shaped optical path transmits the polarized light of the right-handed signal light and the polarized light of the left-handed signal light, and the optical fiber portion of the annular optical path of the annular interference system is used as the right-handed signal light. The polarized light and the polarized light as the left-handed signal are transmitted as the polarized light of the right-handed signal light and the left-handed signal light on the same optical fiber in the same intrinsic polarization mode, and the sample portion is used to polarize the light as the right-handed signal and the light as the left-handed signal. The polarized light is in the mutually orthogonal polarization state of the phase -45 - 201239336 to form the optical rotation measuring device or the optical rotation measuring method, or the optical rotation measuring method, which is transmitted as the right-handed signal light and the left-handed signal light, respectively. Polarization conversion optical system. [Effects of the Invention] By using the optical rotation measuring apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to use the polarization conversion optical system of the optical rotation measuring system and the optical rotation measuring method using the polarization conversion optical system, thereby enabling high-precision measurement. The optical information of the body associated with the optical rotation. According to the invention of the polarization conversion optical system of the optical system including the mode integration unit, the optical information relating to the optical rotation of the sample can be measured with extremely high precision that can not be expected from the previous one. The optical rotation measuring device of the present invention is used. In the case of the polarization conversion optical system or the optical rotation measurement method, even if it is a light-scattering sample such as blood or a finger, it is not necessary to collect blood, and the glucose concentration of the living body related to blood glucose can be measured. The present invention, in particular, a non-invasive measurement method for not collecting blood, the first is not accompanied by the complicated or painful blood collection by the needle, and the second is that the disposal of the blood collection needle is not required, so that it is more sanitary, and the third is unnecessary. The reagent for reacting with glucose used in the blood collection method is economically advantageous. Fourthly, the measurement can be easily performed. Therefore, the blood glucose monitoring can be performed for several times in one day and can be used for the health management of diabetic patients or healthy persons. Wait, you can make a big difference. Next, by using the optical rotation measuring apparatus of the present invention which can perform measurement of a light-scattering sample in a general household, the present invention brings about a great gospel which can reduce the number of diabetic patients in the present world, -46-201239336 There is also a great gossip that can greatly reduce the cost of the treatment. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in each of the drawings for explanation, the size, shape, arrangement relationship, and the like of each component are schematically displayed to the extent that the example of the present invention can be understood. Next, in order to explain the convenience of the present invention and to partially show the change in magnification, the drawings used for the description of the examples of the present invention may be similar to the actual objects or the descriptions of the embodiments. In the drawings, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated. Further, in the description of the present invention, the optical rotation measuring apparatus of the present invention has a plurality of parts for explaining the polarization conversion optical system and the optical rotation measuring method. That is, in order to avoid duplication of explanation, a method of not causing misunderstanding, unless otherwise specified, the description of the polarization conversion optical system also explains the part of the optical rotation measuring device or the optical rotation measuring method, and vice versa. . The inventors of the present invention have obtained the same expectation that the blood glucose level of the blood collection or the living body can be measured by a large number of medical personnel by many medical personnel so far, which is the same as the problem to be solved by the present invention. 'A lot of efforts have been made for its implementation, and the reasons why it has not been realized until today have been analyzed in detail. As a result, it has been difficult to realize a related measuring instrument by various conventional measuring methods, and it has been found that it is necessary to adopt the conclusion that the new measuring principle has not been used so far in this type of measurement. -47-201239336 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the basic configuration of the measuring device is to use a ring-shaped interference system using an optical fiber to inject polarized light into the sample, and it is preferable to measure the phase change of the polarized light. Further improve the measurement accuracy. When the ring-shaped interference system of the sample is placed between at least one pair of optical fibers constituting the annular optical path of the annular interference system, and the optical parallel optical system is used for optical coupling between the emission and entrance surfaces of the sample, Experts recognize that insertion losses can be minimized. When the intensity change or the phase change of the signal light is measured using the fiber parallel optical system, the end face of the optical fiber is placed at the focus position of the parallel lens. In this way, phase changes were measured for various samples described above. However, in the practical use of medical sites and the like, the accuracy of the detection of information on glycocalyx is still insufficient, and it is known that it is necessary to further improve the detection accuracy. Here, the inventors of the present invention, beyond the common knowledge of the expert, respectively constitute a prior art fiber-optic polarization conversion optical system using a fiber-optic parallel optical system in which an end face of an optical fiber is disposed at a focal position of a lens (hereinafter, Also referred to as a front-type polarization conversion optical system) and a defocused fiber polarization conversion optical system (hereinafter also referred to as a defocus polarization conversion optical system) in which the end surface of the optical fiber is separated from the focal position of the lens, and is disposed in the opposite direction. In the case where a pair of anterior-type polarization conversion optical systems are used as blood or blood samples for blood collection as the sample, and the specimen is incident on the polarized light as signal light, and one of the opposite pairs is disposed, the defocused polarization conversion optical system When the specimen is subjected to the polarized light as the signal light, the blood is collected as the blood or the living body of the specimen, and the specimen is subjected to the same conditions as in the case of the above-described prior-type polarization conversion optical system, and the measurement is performed according to -48-201239336. The phase change of the signal light of the specimen. As a result, when the defocusing polarization conversion optical system is used, it is found that the phase change of the signal light by the sample can be measured with higher accuracy than when the prior type polarization conversion optical system is used, and the present invention has been completed. Further, the insertion loss of the living body was experimentally examined by changing the wavelength of the light source used in the optical rotation measuring apparatus and the core diameter of the optical fiber for the polarization-reserving optical fiber used in the opposite defocusing polarization conversion optical system. As a result, it was found that a large core diameter of a core diameter of 30 μm was used for the wavelength of 1 〇 64 nm which is currently used for fiber lasers. When the low-lying (NA is the number of openings) is stored on the deflecting surface, the optical fiber is stored at a wavelength of 7 π 60 nm, and the optical fiber is used. When the ΡΜ980 is used, the insertion loss is 30 dB lower. The large-core bias wave-preserving optical fiber transmits a high-order mode several times in addition to the basic mode at a wavelength of 1064 nm, so that the light is first wound around a bobbin having a curvature radius of 30 mm to transmit only single-mode light. The radius of the bobbin also depends on the length of the optical fiber used to store the length of the optical fiber. However, in the case where lm is used for each of the opposing optical systems, the radius of curvature is preferably 25 to 35 mm. However, since the optical rotation measurement of the embodiment of the present invention is to arrange the specimen in the annular optical path of the annular optical interference system, it is necessary to use the light from the light source to be divergent and left-handed or The combined fiber type coupler, that is, the 2X2 type directional coupler. However, a coupler for a polarization-preserving optical fiber having a core diameter of 30 μm is not commercially available. Further, the optical rotation measurement of the embodiment of the present invention employs a so-called phase modulation method, so that a ring-shaped optical fiber of a certain length is required, but a polarization surface having a core diameter of 3 Ομηα is expensive, so it is in a ring shape. The light path will have a problem of -49-201239336 which is not economical. From such a background, the inventors of the present invention considered to realize a mode integration with a prior art core-wavelength 7μηι and 30μηι polarized surface-preserving optical fibers (hereinafter, the portion integrating the acquisition modes is simply referred to as a mode integration portion). Fig. 1 is a view for explaining a mode integration unit used in an embodiment of the present invention. In other words, a so-called core-expanded fiber which is an enlarged core portion is formed by heating the vicinity of the end portion of the vicinity of the emitting portion of the relatively small core diameter/high ytterbium-wave surface of the first optical fiber, and the end portion is expanded as a core. The end portion of the small core diameter/high ytterbium wave surface of the first optical fiber of the optical fiber and the end portion of the optical fiber 2 which is the relatively large core diameter and low yoke surface of the second optical fiber are connected by the mode integrating unit 3 to be reinforced. Keep the fiber 1 to the large core diameter from the small core diameter and high ΝΑ ΝΑ wave surface. The insertion loss of the mode integration portion of the low-lying polarization plane to preserve the direction of the optical fiber 2 is as small as O. ldB, but its loss in the opposite direction is as high as 1. 8dB. Reference numeral 4 shows a connection portion between the first optical fiber 1 and the second optical fiber 2 including the mode integration unit 3. This portion is also referred to as a mode integration portion hereinafter. Fig. 2 is a view for explaining a mode integration portion used in an embodiment of the present invention. Here, the mode integration unit 3 and the mode integration unit 4 are at least an end portion of the first optical fiber that is a core-expanded fiber and a first optical fiber that is connected to the end portion of the second optical fiber that is connected to the first optical fiber. The configuration of the optical fiber includes the end portion. However, the mode integration unit 3 and the mode integration unit 4 of the present invention are not limited thereto, and there are many variations. As an example, the end portion of the second optical fiber that is connected to the side of the first optical fiber can be stretched, for example, by heating the vicinity of the end portion of the second optical fiber, and the core diameter of the vicinity of the end portion of the second optical fiber can be connected. Formed on the side of the first optical fiber -50-201239336 is formed in a decreasing manner, and is connected to the first optical fiber. Further, the core enlarged portion or the core reduced portion is mostly such that the outer shape of the optical fiber is somewhat deformed due to heat during processing, so that the end portion of the second optical fiber is processed by processing the end portion of the optical fiber into a core-expanding optical fiber. Partial processing into the core-reducing fiber and connecting the end portions of both can further reduce the connection loss due to processing-induced errors. Fig. 3 is a view for explaining parallel light by a mode integrating portion used in an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the end face 2a of the second optical fiber 2 is positioned at the focus position 6 of the lens 5. Further, the arrow assigned with reference numeral 7 in Figs. 3 to 6 is a line showing the focal length of the lens 5. Fig. 4 is a view for explaining defocusing light by a mode integrating portion used in an embodiment of the present invention. In this case, the end face 2a of the optical fiber 2 is disposed at a position away from the lens from the focus position 6 of the lens 5. Use focus distance 1 . In the case of a light transmission test in which the sample is a wrinkle portion of the finger root of the 8 mm lens, the insertion loss of the living body due to the insertion of the living body when the tip end 2a of the second optical fiber is in contact with the lens 5 is the lowest. However, when one pair of the optical systems shown in FIG. 4 is placed on the optical path, and the side of the lens 5 is placed opposite to each other, and the distance between the opposing lenses is changed, it is known that the lens is interposed between the lenses. The distance increased by 2, 3, 4mm and the growth loss of the organism increased rapidly. When the fiber tip end portion is placed in contact with the lens, the polarizer, the Faraday element (Faraday rotator element), and the quarter-wave plate of the polarization conversion optical system need to be disposed behind the lens when viewed from the fiber tip end, so physically The distance between the lenses must be increased, so that the increase in the transmission loss of the living body described above cannot be avoided. In addition, the focal length of the lens is as long as -51 - 201239336. At 7 5mm, the growth loss of the living body cannot be reduced to 70 dB or less when the distance between the lenses is 2 mm. Therefore, the focus distance is 0. A 7 mm aspherical lens (FLAM1Z101A, manufactured by ALPS Electric Co., Ltd.) measured the growth loss of the living body by separating the end face of the second optical fiber from the focus of the lens by 20 μm, and found that the distance between the lenses was 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm, respectively. 38. 2dB, 39. 4dB, 45. 8dB, the distance from the focus is 2. In the case of a 75 mm lens, the reduction is about 30 dB or more. In addition, the use of the focus distance is 1. The same biological loss was obtained in the case where the 5 mm aspherical lens was subjected to an experiment by leaving the end face of the second optical fiber away from the focal point of the lens of 600 μm. In the optical rotation measuring device, the polarization conversion optical system, and the optical rotation measuring method, which are embodiments of the present invention, the annular optical path of the annular interference system is used, and the sample is placed in the middle of the annular optical path. The optical path of the signal light is divided into a fiber-optic terminal in the middle of the annular optical path in which one of the specimens are aligned, and a fiber-optic terminal in the middle of the other annular optical path, and is divided into a polarization conversion optical system, and the polarization conversion optical system is formed. It is a non-opposing optical system using a polarizing surface rotating element. The polarizing surface rotating element rotates the polarizing surface of the signal light clockwise or counterclockwise toward the direction in which the signal light is incident when the polarizing beam as the signal light is incident on one side of the polarizing surface rotating element. At a specific angle, when the polarized light beam as the signal light is incident on the other side of the polarizing surface rotating element, the polarizing surface of the signal light is directed toward the direction in which the signal light is directed, and is opposite to the case where the light is incident from the one side. Directional rotation -52- 201239336 It is preferred to rotate the polarizing surface rotating element acting only in a specific angle. In the method of measuring the optical rotation of the embodiment of the present invention, the circular optical path of the ring-shaped interference system transmits the polarized light as the right-handed signal light and the polarized light as the left-handed light, as described in detail below, the annular interference. The optical fiber portion of the ring-shaped optical path transmits the polarized light as the right-handed signal and the polarized light as the left-handed signal in the same intrinsic polarization mode as the right-handed signal light and the left-handed signal light, respectively, and the sample portions are in mutual The orthogonal polarization states are transmitted as right-handed and left-handed light, respectively, and the optical rotation of the sample can be detected with high precision by utilizing the respective configurations of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a view showing the parallel circular polarization by the mode integrating portion used in the embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 5, the end face 2a of the optical fiber 2 is positioned at the focus position 6 of the lens 5. In Fig. 5, reference numeral 11 is a polarization conversion parallelizer including a mode integration portion. In Fig. 5, the large core diameter of the output of the pattern integration unit 4 (pigtail). The low-NA bias surface preserves the linearly polarized light of the optical fiber 2, collimates as the signal light by the lens 5, sequentially transmits the polarizer (polarizing plate) 8, the Faraday rotating element 9 as the polarizing surface rotating element, and the quarter-wave plate. 10 is polarized by a circle. Fig. 6 is a view showing defocusing circular polarization by a mode integrating portion used in an embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 6, the end face 2a of the optical fiber 2 is located more at the opposite side of the lens than the focus position 6 of the lens 5. 7mm (ie, a position further away from the lens). In Fig. 6, reference numeral 12 is a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integrating portion. 6, the polarizer 8, the Faraday element 9, and the quarter-wave plate 10 are positioned between the lens 5 and the end face 2a of the second optical fiber 2, but the focal length and the degree of defocusing of the lens used may be changed, for example, -53- 201239336 In the case of the parallel optical system of Fig. 5, after the lens 5, the polarizer 8, the Faraday rotator 9, and the quarter-wave plate 10 of Fig. 6 are disposed on the end face 2a of the optical fiber 2 of the lens 5. The opposite side. Fig. 7 is a view showing a light beam emitted from a circularly polarized light collimator including a mode integrating portion according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is a view showing a configuration for use in an embodiment of the present invention. A diagram of a light beam emitted by a circularly polarized defocused light system of the mode integration unit. In FIG. 7, the light beam 13 emitted from the polarization conversion collimator (mode integrated collimation polarization conversion optical system) 11 including the mode integration unit is a parallel circularly polarized light of a parallel beam, and is incident on a direction in which it is disposed. The sample (not shown). In FIG. 8, the light beam 14 emitted by the defocused polarization conversion collimator (mode integrated defocus polarization conversion optical system) 12 including the mode integration unit is a defocused circular polarization of the condensed light beam, and the incident light is arranged. The sample (not shown) in the direction of the sample is collected in the vicinity of the emission end of the sample. Fig. 9 shows an optical system in which the sample 15 is inserted between the parallel mode polarization conversion optical systems 11_1 and 11-2 as an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 shows an optical system in which the sample 15 is inserted between the opposite mode integrated defocusing polarization conversion optical systems 12-1, 12-2 as an embodiment of the present invention. When the sample 15 is an aqueous solution having a low scattering loss in general, the parallel mode polarization optical system is integrated in the opposite mode of Fig. 9, and the insertion loss is small. However, when the sample 15 is a light scatterer such as a living body, as a result of various experiments, the opposite mode of Fig. 10 is compared with the parallel mode polarization-converted light-54-201239336 of the opposite mode of Fig. 9. The insertion loss of the integrated defocused polarization conversion optical system is approximately 1,000 times (30 dB). The simulation method that can explain the results of this experiment is not commercialized. As a result of the experiment, in the optical system of Fig. 6, the polarizer 8, the Faraday rotator 9, and the quarter-wave plate 10 were made as thin as possible, and they were placed between the end faces of the optical fibers and the lenses. Further, the opposite defocusing polarization conversion optical systems 12-1 and 12-2 including the mode integrating unit of Fig. 9 which is placed in the annular optical path of the optical interference system to be described later are incident on the living body. The intersecting circularly polarized light is transmitted to the sample 15 after the orthogonal circularly polarized light transmitted in both directions, and the polarized polarization conversion optical system is passed through the opposite direction, and the opposite polarization plane is stored in the opposite polarization plane to combine the same polarization as the incident linear polarization. In the mode of the axis, the opposite polarization plane is adjusted to preserve the inherent polarization axis orientation of the fiber and the inherent polarization axis orientation of the opposing quarter-wave plate. Fig. 11 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which a defocusing polarized light converting optical system 12-1, 12-2 including a mode integrating portion is used to obliquely illuminate a light-scattering specimen with a combined optical system. Figure. Figure 11 is a reflection system of a transmission system with respect to Figure 10 . Symbol 16 is a quartz glass plate, and 17 is a quarter-wave plate. Generally, the phase of the light reflected on the surface of the living body or the living body is reversed. Therefore, if there is no phase plate, the emitted light and the reflected light become orthogonal circularly polarized light, and the phase difference is offset, so that the living body cannot be measured. The phase difference caused by optical rotation. By placing the phase plate between the living body (in this case, a type of mirror) and the incident light, the same circularly polarized light as the incident light is reflected, so that the defocusing optical system including the mode integration portion including the polarization state is obtained. - 1 combined with 1 2 - 2. Moreover, the measurement system of Fig. 1 1 - 55 - 201239336 uses a metal plate, and is different from the previous SPR (surface plasma resonance) in principle. FIG. 1 is an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 10, and a combined optical system in which a light-scattering body is attached to a counter-defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integrating portion is provided in a ring-shaped optical fiber. The invention relates to the present invention for measuring the optical rotation of scattered light and reflected light from the surface and inside of the light-scattering body 15 in the circular optical path of the optical fibers 21-1 and 21-2 in the small-diameter-high NA-wave surface of the chime system. A configuration diagram of the main portion 28 of the optical rotation measuring apparatus of the embodiment. The light source 18 is an SLD (Super Luminescent Diode) having a wavelength of 1060 nm, and its output is guided to a first directional coupler (coupler) 19-1, a fiber-type polarizer 20, and a second directional coupler (coupler) 19- 2, the small core diameter high NA polarization surface maintaining fiber 21-1 and the small core diameter high NA polarization surface holding fiber 21-2 which are formed by the second coupler 1 9-2 to form an annular optical path are respectively transmitted and transmitted The left-handed and right-handed linear polarized light of the annular optical path is 23 4 , 23-2. The first directional coupler (coupler) 19-1 can be replaced by a polarization-preserving optical circulator. Reference numeral 22 denotes an optical phase modulator for holding a small core-core high-deflection surface of the cylinder type PZT (lead zirconate titanate) to preserve the optical fiber 21_1. The left-handed right-handed light around the annular optical path is connected to the defocusing polarization conversion optical systems 12-1, 12-2 including the mode integrator at the joints 24-1, 24-2, respectively. The emitted light of the sample 15 is transmitted to the opposite defocusing polarization conversion optical system 12-1, 12-2, and passes through the second coupler 19-2, the optical fiber type polarizer 20, and the first coupler 19-1 to receive light. The unit 25 converts the electric signal into an electric signal, and the signal processing unit 26 calculates the phase difference of the left-handed right-handed rotation of the optical scatter of the light-scattering sample 15 by the calculation of the -56-201239336 signal processing unit 26. The signal processing unit 26 applies a sinusoidal modulation signal 27 of 20 kHz to the optical phase modulator 22. The signal processing of Fig. 12 is a method used in the phase modulation type fiber optic gyroscope described in Non-Patent Document 2. When the phase modulation is modulated at 20 kHz, the circular interference system outputs a 40 kHz component of the 2× wave and an 80 kHz component of the 4× wave in addition to the fundamental wave of 20 kHz. The phase difference between the left-handed and right-handed light transmitted to the annular optical path is obtained from the intensity ratio of the fundamental wave to the doubled wave. The ratio of the 2x wave to the 4x wave is proportional to the phase modulation and is thus controlled in a certain manner. In Fig. 12, the annular optical path of the ring-shaped interference system mainly stores the optical fibers 21-1, 21-2 and the defocused polarized light of the embodiment of the present invention with a polarization surface that occupies most of the loop. The optical system 1 2-1, 1 2-2 is converted to the light scattering sample 15 . In particular, as shown in Fig. 12, as described above, only the left-handed and right-handed transmitted light of the portion of the light-scattering sample 15 is transmitted by the right and left circularly polarized lights, and the other polarized surfaces are transmitted. The portion of the preserved fiber is delivered in the same intrinsic polarization mode in which the fiber is stored on the bias wavefront. In this way, it is possible to stably measure the phase difference of only the right and left circularly polarized light in the portion of the light-scattering sample. In general, linearly polarized light is decomposed into left and right circularly polarized light, and it is known that the phase of the left and right circularly polarized light produces a difference of 20, and the direction of the polarized light changes only by zero. In Fig. 12, the phase difference of the left and right circularly polarized light of the light-scattering sample 15 can be measured, and the optical rotation can be measured. Next, the case where the light-scattering sample 15 is the wrinkle portion of the finger will be described -57-201239336. The skin thickness of the subject is about 1. 5mm. This part of the light through the loss itself is 〇. The insertion loss is 65 to 7 in the case of the collimation of the optical fiber in the polarization direction of the optical fiber for the wavelength of 1 550 nm. 0 d B degree. However, the large core diameter (30μπι) for the wavelength l〇60nm is low NA (0. 07) Fiber, select the focal length of the lens (〇_7 mm), so that the position of the fiber tip is away from the lens focus. 2~0. In the case of the defocusing collimator of Fig. 10 of 3 mm, the loss is 40 dB, which is 3 OdB or more lower than the above example. The level of loss of the optical interference system of this experiment is as follows. Light source output: l〇mW (polarization surface saves fiber output) Optical gyro (annular interference system) loss: 5dB (However, the first agile is used as the optical circulator)
挾著生體之被散焦的偏光變換結合光學系之插入損失 :40dB 模式整合部損失：2dB ( 2處） 連接器及接合處（splice)損失：2dB 波長1 060nm之包含法拉第旋轉元件的對向偏光變換 光學系的損失：4dB ( 2處）Insertion loss of the defocused focal polarization conversion combined with the optical system: 40dB mode integration loss: 2dB (2 places) Connector and splice loss: 2dB Wavelength 1 060nm including the Faraday rotation element pair Loss to the polarization conversion optical system: 4dB (2 places)
總損失：53dB 受光電力：50nW 此處’受光器使用在1 0OkHz帶域寬幅最小受信感度 爲 5pW 之政質 APD ( Avalanche photodiode)。以這樣的 條件使測定的平均時間爲1 0秒而能夠以充分的訊號對雜 -58- 201239336 訊比來測定傳送於手指的皺紋部之左右圓偏光的相位差。 又，於相位差測定，做爲沒有檢體的場合之基準使用 配置於輸入側的可變光衰減器VO A3 3把受光水準調整爲 與有檢體的場合相同的水準。 於此實驗在手指的皺紋部塗布折射率整合劑抑制反射 損失。此外，於對向偏光變換光學系的先端使用供挾住生 體之藍寶石板。於本實驗進行同步於脈搏的訊號的檢測。 測定部位於與光軸成直角方向上偏移同時測定相位差。結 果，得到隨著部位不同而相位差改變的結果。 這可以解釋爲光束通過血管部分與未通過血管部分的 場合之不同而得到改變的結果。藉由對實際糖尿病患者之 反覆進行測定得到與血糖値相關的數據。又，在測定對象 的部位附近與本發明所記載的旋光度測定用的偏波面保存 光纖並列配置著多模光纖，藉由測定其插入損失的變動而 可以測定脈搏。 此外，在進食前與進食後監測圖1 2之測定系之雙方 向傳送於環狀光徑的左右圓偏光的相位差時，明顯在進食 後相位差起了變化。由此，可認爲檢測出了體液所含的糖 分。 圖1 3係作爲本發明之實施型態之，使用模式整合對 向散焦偏光變換光學系對光散射檢體1 5斜向照射訊號光 的圖1 1所示之結合光學系設置於光環干涉系的環狀光徑 內，測定傳遞於光散射檢體的表面之光的旋光度之旋光度 測定裝置的主要部29的構成圖。 -59- 201239336 在此場合，配置檢體15之前，預先於檢體部放置反 射鏡，以取得散焦偏光變換光學系1 2-1，1 2-2間的結合所 必要的精度的方式進行了軸對準。其後，將手指置於四分 之一波長板17上測定來自生體的反射光及散射光所包含 的旋光度。實際上在四分之一波長板與手指間使用折射率 整合劑。 在此實驗也使測定部位在四分之一波長板平面偏移同 時測定相位差。結果，得到隨著部位不同而相位差改變的 結果。這可以解釋爲光束通過血管部分與未通過血管部分 的場合之不同而得到改變的結果。藉由反覆進行對實際的 糖尿病患者之測定作成與血糖値相關的數據，預先製作測 定數據與例如血糖値之對應表，例如預先輸入至訊號處理 電路26的記憶部分，而進行測定結果的顯示的方式來構 成。又，同步於脈搏之訊號檢測以外，對挾住生體的部分 週期性地提供按壓使生體的厚度週期性改變，檢測同步於 該週期之週期性訊號的方式亦爲有效。進而，亦可以並用 前述脈搏與週期性改變生體厚度的訊號等。 本發明之實施型態例，特徵係於前述一方之單模光纖 與另一方單模光纖之至少一個於先端部被配置輸出部透鏡 (此輸出部透鏡，爲環狀干涉系之訊號光的左旋右旋光之 中一方的訊號光，例如對左旋光成爲輸出側光纖的場合對 於另一方之訊號光之右旋光成爲輸入側光纖之透鏡，但如 前所述，稱爲輸出部透鏡），構成具有輸出部透鏡之單模 光纖的端面之至少一個，不在該輸出部透鏡的焦點位置之 -60- 201239336 散焦偏光變換光學系。 圖1 4係說明作爲本發明的實施型態例之旋光度測定 裝置之主要部28之測定方法之圖，係說明觀測由散焦偏 光變換光學係12-1射出的光束照射於測定對象的檢體15 之哪個部份的方法之圖。 亦即，於實際的測定，由圖14之第2耦合器19.. 2之 另一入射端射入來自作爲可見光雷射之氦氖雷射30的雷 射光，於檢體1 5之前置放半反射鏡3 1，以顯微鏡3 2觀測 從散焦偏光變換光學係12射出的光束照射在檢體15的哪 個部分。檢體15爲生體的場合藉由塗布透過油而可以觀 測血管部分。測定旋光度時關閉氮氖雷射，取下顯微鏡與 半反射鏡而進行測定。藉此，旋光度與生體的血管之位置 關係變得明確。 在作爲本發明的實施型態例之檢體的生體旋光度的測 定，使用光源波長1060nm帶之芯直徑30μηι、低NA( 〇.〇7 )之偏波面保存光纖。本案發明人在同波常帶，以對 向的偏光變換光學系挾住生體時之該偏波面保存光纖的芯 徑改變爲7μπι、20μπι、30μιη，而調查其透過損失之芯徑 依存性。結果，得到若使光源的波長代爲1 3 OOnm以上的 話，在同樣的NA下可使芯徑爲40 μιη，而可以使生體透過 損失進而再減低1 OdB之推測。而且，使用於偏光變換光 學系的法拉第元件（石榴石）的損失，在使用波長 1 060nm的SLD時爲5dB程度，但在1 300nm則小至幾乎 可以忽視的程度。進而，使光源波長增長的話可以使芯徑 -61 - 201239336 增大，在1 550nm帶會受到生體所含的水分之吸收損失的 影響。此外，波長增長的話容易受到光纖折曲導致的損失 。亦即，發明人使用1 300nm帶之寬帶光源，與對應的大 芯徑·低NA偏波面保存光纖，可以實現散焦結合系的條 件爲最高精度之非侵襲性旋光度測定裝置。 以此條件，測定了全血的旋光度。此實驗之光干涉系 的損失水平如下。 光源輸出：10mW (偏波面保存光纖輸出） 光陀螺儀（環狀干涉系）損失：5dB (但，把第1耦 合器做爲光循環器） 夾住放入實效長度1 mm之剝離槽的控制組血液之被 散焦的偏光變換結合光學系的插入損失：44dB 模式整合部損失：2dB ( 2處） 連接器及接合處（splice)損失：2dB 波長131 Onm之包含法拉第元件的對向偏光變換光學 系的損失：〜OdB ( 2處）Total loss: 53dB Received power: 50nW where the 'receiver is used in the 10 kHz band width with a minimum trust sensitivity of 5pW APD (Avalanche photodiode). Under such conditions, the average time of the measurement was 10 seconds, and the phase difference of the left and right circularly polarized light transmitted to the wrinkles of the finger can be measured with a sufficient signal to the noise of -58 to 201239336. Further, in the case of the phase difference measurement, the variable optical attenuator VO A3 3 disposed on the input side is used to adjust the received light level to the same level as in the case of the sample. In this experiment, a refractive index integrator was applied to the wrinkles of the fingers to suppress the reflection loss. Further, a sapphire plate for holding the living body is used at the tip end of the opposite polarization conversion optical system. In this experiment, the detection of the signal synchronized with the pulse is performed. The measuring unit is located at a right angle to the optical axis and simultaneously measures the phase difference. As a result, a result is obtained in which the phase difference changes depending on the part. This can be explained as a result of a change in the beam passing through the blood vessel portion and the portion not passing through the blood vessel portion. Data related to blood glucose sputum were obtained by measuring the actual diabetes patients repeatedly. In addition, a multimode fiber is placed in parallel with the polarization-preserving optical fiber for optical rotation measurement described in the present invention in the vicinity of the site to be measured, and the pulse can be measured by measuring the variation in insertion loss. Further, when the phase difference between the left and right circularly polarized light transmitted to the annular optical path was monitored before and after eating and before eating, it was apparent that the phase difference changed after eating. Therefore, it is considered that the sugar contained in the body fluid is detected. FIG. 1 is a mode of the present invention, and the combined optical system shown in FIG. 1 is obliquely irradiated to the light-scattering sample by using a mode-integrated opposite defocusing polarization conversion optical system. In the annular optical path of the system, the configuration of the main portion 29 of the optical rotatory measuring device for measuring the optical rotation of the light transmitted to the surface of the light-scattering sample is measured. -59-201239336 In this case, before the specimen 15 is placed, the mirror is placed in the specimen portion in advance, and the precision necessary for the coupling between the defocused polarization conversion optical systems 1 2-1 and 1 2-2 is obtained. The axis is aligned. Thereafter, the finger is placed on the quarter-wave plate 17 to measure the optical rotation of the reflected light and the scattered light from the living body. In fact, a refractive index integrator is used between the quarter wave plate and the finger. In this experiment, the phase difference was also measured while the measurement site was shifted in the plane of the quarter-wave plate. As a result, a result of a change in the phase difference depending on the part is obtained. This can be explained as a result of a change in the beam passing through the blood vessel portion and the portion not passing through the blood vessel portion. By making data related to blood glucose sputum in the measurement of the actual diabetic patient, a correspondence table between the measurement data and, for example, blood glucose 预先 is prepared in advance, for example, input to the memory portion of the signal processing circuit 26 in advance, and the measurement result is displayed. Way to constitute. Further, in addition to the signal detection of the pulse, it is effective to periodically press the portion that holds the living body to periodically change the thickness of the living body, and to detect the periodic signal synchronized with the period. Further, it is also possible to use the aforementioned pulse and the signal for periodically changing the thickness of the body. According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the single mode fiber and the other single mode fiber is disposed at an output end lens (the output portion lens is a left-handed signal of the ring-shaped interference system) The signal light of one of the right-handed lights, for example, when the left-handed light is the output-side optical fiber, the right-side optical light of the other signal light becomes the lens of the input-side optical fiber, but as described above, it is called the output portion lens). At least one of the end faces of the single-mode optical fiber having the output lens is not the focus position of the output portion lens -60-201239336 defocusing polarization conversion optical system. FIG. 1 is a view showing a measurement method of the main portion 28 of the optical rotation measuring apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, and is a view for observing that the light beam emitted from the defocused polarization conversion optical system 12-1 is irradiated onto the measurement target. A diagram of the method of which part of the body 15. That is, in the actual measurement, the laser beam from the laser beam 30 as the visible light laser is incident on the other incident end of the second coupler 19.. 2 of FIG. 14 before the sample 15 The half mirror 3 1 observes which portion of the specimen 15 the light beam emitted from the defocus polarization conversion optical system 12 is irradiated with the microscope 32. When the sample 15 is a living body, the blood vessel portion can be observed by applying the oil. When the optical rotation is measured, the nitrogen-neon laser is turned off, and the microscope and the half mirror are removed for measurement. Thereby, the relationship between the optical rotation and the position of the blood vessel of the living body becomes clear. In the measurement of the biological rotation of the sample which is an embodiment of the present invention, a fiber having a light source wavelength of 1060 nm and a core diameter of 30 μm and a low NA (〇.〇7) are used to store the optical fiber. In the same wave, the inventors of the present invention investigated the core diameter dependence of the transmission loss by changing the core diameter of the optical fiber of the polarization-retaining optical fiber to 7 μm, 20 μm, and 30 μm when the opposite polarization conversion optical system was caught in the living body. As a result, when the wavelength of the light source is made to be 1 30,000 nm or more, the core diameter can be made 40 μm under the same NA, and the growth loss of the living body can be further reduced by 1 OdB. Further, the loss of the Faraday element (garnet) used in the polarization conversion optical system is about 5 dB when using an SLD having a wavelength of 1 060 nm, but it is as small as almost negligible at 1 300 nm. Further, when the wavelength of the light source is increased, the core diameter -61 - 201239336 can be increased, and the 1 550 nm band is affected by the absorption loss of moisture contained in the living body. In addition, if the wavelength is increased, it is susceptible to loss due to fiber bending. That is, the inventors used a wide-band light source of 1 300 nm band and the corresponding large core diameter and low NA polarization surface to store the optical fiber, and the defocusing system can achieve the highest precision non-invasive optical rotation measuring device. Under these conditions, the optical rotation of whole blood was measured. The level of loss of the optical interference system of this experiment is as follows. Light source output: 10mW (polarized surface preserves fiber output) Optical gyro (annular interference system) loss: 5dB (However, the first coupler is used as the optical circulator) Clamp the control of the stripping groove placed in the effective length of 1 mm Group of depolarized polarization conversion of blood combined with optical system insertion loss: 44dB mode integration loss: 2dB (2 places) Connector and splice loss: 2dB wavelength 131 Onm including the polarization polarization of the Faraday element Loss of the optical system: ~OdB (2 places)
總損失：53dB 受光電力：50nW 此處，受光器使用在100kHz帶域寬幅最小受信感度 爲5pW之矽質APD。 以這樣的條件使測定的平均時間爲1 0秒而能夠以充 分的訊號對雜訊比來測定傳送於控制組血液之左右圓偏光 的相位差。又，於相位差測定，做爲沒有檢體的場合之基 準使用配置於輸入側的可變光衰減器VOA33把受光水準 -62- 201239336 調整爲與有檢體的場合相同的水準。 一 在檢體爲血液的場合之實驗，插入損失幾乎沒有血液 厚度依存性。亦即，即使厚度爲 0.1mm插入損失也爲 40dB程度，厚度1mm時爲45dB，2mm時爲45.5dB。這 應該是在血液內部之多重反射所導致。厚度1mm的場合 之健康者的葡萄糖之旋光角度爲0.0005度。以環狀干涉 系測定的相位差爲其2倍之0.001度。 用於實驗的環狀干涉系之環狀光徑的偏光變換光學系 以外的偏波面保存光纖之長度爲400m。在此環狀干涉系 除了對向的偏光變換光學系外採通常的光纖環狀干涉系時 最小相位測定的感度爲0.00005度。此係由以此環狀干涉 系測定地球自轉角速度時之測定値的差異而確認的。亦即 ，可以達成能夠以充分高的精度測定全血的旋光度。 以上，說明了本發明之包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋 光度測定裝置、包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系以 及使用該光學系的旋光度測定系統之旋光度測定方法，但 本發明之實施型態例之前述各構成，不僅是即使分別在單 獨的狀態下使用於包含模式整合部之被散焦的旋光度測定 裝置、包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光學系以及使用該 光學系的旋光度測定系統之旋光度.測定方法也可以發揮本 發明之效果，進行種種組合也可以發揮本發明的效果，而 且本發明並不局限於此，根據本發明之技術思想還可以進 行種種的變化。 -63- 201239336 〔產業上利用可能性〕 如以上所說明的，藉由本發明可以達成到目前爲止無 法實現的無侵襲性之血糖値測定。結果，可以使糖尿病患 者由1次採血數回的繁雜中解放，此外藉由預防保全性地 活用本發明之血糖値測定器可以減少現在世界上逐漸增加 的糖尿病患者數，可以大幅減低其治療所必須花費的費用 。接著，本發明不僅可以活用於醫療領域、介護領域，在 健康機器領域、醫藥品領域、食品領域、農業領域等可以 在廣泛的領域內利用。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係供說明使用於本發明的實施型態例之模式整合 部之圖。 圖2係供說明使用於本發明的實施型態例之模式整合 部之圖。 圖3係供說明由使用於本發明的實施型態例之模式整 合部作出平行光之圖。 圖4係供說明由使用於本發明的實施型態例之模式整 合部作出散焦光之圖。 圖5係顯示由使用於本發明的實施型態例之模式整合 部作出平行圓偏光之圖。 圖6係顯示由使用於本發明的實施型態例之模式整合 部作出散焦圓偏光之圖。 圖7係槪念顯示由包含使用於本發明的實施型態例之 -64 - 201239336 模式整合部的圓偏光平行偏光變換光學系所射出的光束之 圖。 圖8係槪念顯示由包含使用於本發明的實施型態例之 模式整合部的圓偏光散焦偏光變換光學系所射出的光束之 圖。 圖9係作爲本發明的實施型態例之，於對向模式整合 平行偏光變換光學系插入光散射檢體的光學系。 圖1 〇係作爲本發明的實施型態例之，於對向模式整 合散焦偏光變換光學系插入光散射檢體的光學系。 圖1 1係供說明作爲本發明的實施型態例之，使用模 式整合散焦偏光變換光學系對光散射檢體斜向照射訊號光 的結合光學系之圖。 圖1 2係作爲本發明的實施型態例之，使用在對向模 式整合散焦偏光變換光學系挾著光散射檢體之結合光學系 之旋光度測定裝置之構成圖。 圖1 3係供說明作爲本發明的實施型態例之，使用了 應用對向模式整合散焦偏光變換光學系對光散射檢體斜向 照射訊號光的結合光學系之旋光度測定裝置之構成圖。 圖1 4係供說明作爲本發明之實施型態例之旋光度測 定裝置之主要部之測定方法之圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1:作爲第1光纖之小芯徑高NA偏波面保存光纖 2:作爲第2光纖之大芯徑低NA偏波面保存光纖 -65- 201239336 2a:大芯徑低ΝΑ偏波面保存光纖之端面 3，4 :模式整合部 5 :透鏡 6 :透鏡焦點位置 7 :透鏡焦點距離 8 :偏光子 9 :法拉第旋轉元件 10，17:四分之一波長板 11 ’ 11-1’ 11-2:包含模式整合部之平行偏光變換光 學系 12’ 12-1，12-2:.包含模式整合部之散焦偏光變換光 學系 1 3 :平行圓偏光 1 4 :散焦圓偏光 15 :檢體 1 6 :玻璃板 18 : SLD光源 19-1 ' 19-2 :耦合器 2〇 :光纖型偏光子 2 1-1，21-2 :小芯徑高ΝΑ偏波面保存光纖 22 :光相位調變器 23- 1 ’ 23-2 :左右雙旋直線偏光 24- 1，24-2 :接合處（splice) 25 :受光器 -66- 201239336 26 :訊號處理電路 27 :相位調變訊號 28，29 :旋光度測定裝置 3 0 :可見光雷射 3 1 :半反射鏡 32 :顯微鏡 33 :可變光衰減器（VOA) -67Total loss: 53dB Receiving power: 50nW Here, the receiver uses a enamel APD with a minimum signal sensitivity of 5pW in a 100kHz band width. Under such conditions, the average time of the measurement was 10 seconds, and the phase difference of the left and right circularly polarized light transmitted to the blood of the control group can be measured with a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio. Further, in the case of the phase difference measurement, the variable optical attenuator VOA33 disposed on the input side is used as the reference level, and the light level -62 - 201239336 is adjusted to the same level as in the case of the sample. In the experiment where the sample was blood, the insertion loss was almost free of blood thickness dependence. That is, even if the thickness is 0.1 mm, the insertion loss is 40 dB, the thickness is 45 dB at 1 mm, and 45.5 dB at 2 mm. This should be caused by multiple reflections inside the blood. When the thickness is 1 mm, the rotation angle of glucose of a healthy person is 0.0005 degrees. The phase difference measured by the ring interference system was 0.001 degree twice. The length of the polarization-preserving optical fiber other than the polarization conversion optical system of the annular optical path of the annular interference system used for the experiment was 400 m. In this ring-shaped interference system, the sensitivity of the minimum phase measurement is 0.00005 degrees when a normal fiber-optic ring-shaped interference system is taken in addition to the opposite polarization conversion optical system. This is confirmed by the difference in the measured enthalpy when the angular velocity of the earth is measured by this ring-shaped interference system. That is, it is possible to achieve an optical rotation capable of measuring whole blood with sufficiently high precision. In the above, the defocusing optical rotation measuring apparatus including the mode integrating unit of the present invention, the defocusing polarization conversion optical system including the mode integrating unit, and the optical rotation measuring method using the optical system using the optical system are described. Each of the above-described configurations of the embodiment of the invention is used not only in a separate state, but also in a defocusing optical rotation measuring device including a mode integrating portion, a defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integrating portion, and using the same. The optical rotation system of the optical system can also exhibit the effects of the present invention. The various effects of the present invention can also exert the effects of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be carried out according to the technical idea of the present invention. All kinds of changes. -63-201239336 [Industrial Applicability] As described above, the invasive blood glucose measurement which cannot be achieved so far can be achieved by the present invention. As a result, it is possible to liberate the diabetic patient from the complication of one blood collection, and further, by preventing the preservation of the blood glucose sputum measuring device of the present invention, the number of diabetic patients which are gradually increasing in the world can be reduced, and the treatment site can be greatly reduced. The fee that must be spent. Next, the present invention can be utilized not only in the medical field but also in the field of health care, and can be utilized in a wide range of fields in the fields of health equipment, pharmaceuticals, foods, and agriculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a view for explaining a mode integration unit used in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a view for explaining a mode integration portion used in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a view for explaining parallel light by a mode integrating portion used in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a view for explaining defocusing light by a mode integrating portion used in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a view showing the parallel circular polarization by the mode integrating portion used in the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a view showing defocusing circular polarization by a mode integrating portion used in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a view showing a light beam emitted from a circularly polarized parallel polarization conversion optical system including a mode integration unit of the -64 - 201239336 mode of the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a view showing a light beam emitted from a circularly polarized defocusing polarization conversion optical system including a mode integrating portion used in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 is an optical system in which a light-scattering sample is inserted into a parallel mode polarization conversion optical system in an opposite mode as an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which an optical system of a light-scattering specimen is inserted into a counter-mode defocusing polarization conversion optical system. Fig. 11 is a view for explaining a combined optical system for obliquely illuminating signal light of a light-scattering specimen by using a mode-integrated defocused polarization conversion optical system as an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of an optical optometry apparatus using a combined optical system in which a defocusing polarization conversion optical system is attached to a light-scattering sample in a counter mode as an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 13 is a view showing the constitution of an optical optometry apparatus using a combined optical system in which a defocused polarization conversion optical system is applied to a light-scattering specimen obliquely illuminating signal light using an opposite mode of the present invention. Figure. Fig. 14 is a view for explaining a method of measuring the main portion of the optical rotation measuring device as an embodiment of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] 1: As the first fiber, the small core diameter and high NA polarization surface preserves the optical fiber 2: As the second fiber, the large core diameter and the low NA polarization surface preserves the optical fiber-65-201239336 2a: Large core diameter is low Wavefront saves the end face of the fiber 3,4: mode integration section 5: lens 6: lens focus position 7: lens focus distance 8: polarizer 9: Faraday rotation element 10, 17: quarter wave plate 11 '11-1' 11-2: Parallel polarization conversion optical system 12' 12, 12-2 including mode integration section: Defocus polarization conversion optical system including mode integration section 1 3: Parallel circular polarization 1 4 : Defocused circular polarization 15 : specimen 1 6 : glass plate 18 : SLD light source 19-1 ' 19-2 : coupler 2 〇 : fiber type polarizer 2 1-1, 21-2 : small core diameter high ΝΑ polarized surface preserved fiber 22 : light Phase Modulator 23-1 '23-2: Left and right double-curved linear polarized light 24-1, 24-2: Joint (splice) 25: Receiver-66-201239336 26: Signal processing circuit 27: Phase modulation signal 28 , 29: Optical rotation measuring device 3 0 : visible light laser 3 1 : half mirror 32 : microscope 33 : variable optical attenuator (VOA) -67