201237229 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 新的耐燃性織物已經發明出來，其利用習知耐燃性纖 維與非耐燃性纖維之組合的性質以製造出比其他耐燃性織 物更具有優異耐燃性、驚人物性及給予使用者增進的舒適 度之織物。 “耐燃性（flame resistance) ”是不會在正常大氣中 燃燒之材料如纖維或織物的特性。當暴露於火焰中時，當 除去火焰後其將不會持續燃燒。“耐燃性”應該不得與用 以描述賦予織物耐燃性之化學物質的措辭“難燃劑（ flame retardant) ”混淆。難燃劑也用以描述能顯示降低 之燃燒速率但是不可供給使用者任何對於火焰之保護的織 物。 眾所皆知的是耐燃性織物，尤其是由耐燃性纖維製造 者，可用以給予抵抗暴露於火焰中之保護。一般實際經驗 是消防人員穿著能保護使用者不被有危害情況中之火焰燒 到的衣袍。預期該衣袍能防止著衣之使用者皮膚直接暴露 於火焰中，藉以降低遭遇燒傷之風險。 其他需要保護以免被火焰燒到之專業人士包括警察及 保全人員、軍人及瓦斯及石油工業之工作者。 用於熔融金屬飛濺保護之保護性衣著係由焊工及金屬 工業工作者使用。在金屬工業中使用大量能量把金屬熔融 並產生電弧。因此需要保護性衣著來保護以免被液態金屬 飛濺及電弧燒到。當電弧意外產生時’靠高壓設施作業之 -5- 201237229 工作人員可能暴露於小金屬飛濺中。 吾人非常希望供這些用途用之織物應該穿的舒適，應 該表現良好物性及在美學上適於此任務-顔色外觀、款式 及觸感。 使用個人保護性衣著之工作者常得於伴隨高工作負荷 導致高生理能量消耗的高壓迫感環境中工作。這樣的生理 緊繃導致衣袍內側之體熱及濕氣產生。吾人非常希望供建 構此衣袍用之織物應該能散發體熱及濕氣以防使用者身體 過熱（熱緊迫）。讓體熱及濕氣逸散之織物製造出感覺穿 著更舒適且還加長能達成而不會超出最大生理壓迫程度的 工作時間之衣袍。 眾所皆知的是纖維質纖維比起合成纖維能給予增進之 舒適感。也就是說，因爲纖維質纖維是親水性並吸收水蒸 氣及液態水。控制水在該織物中之運動及分佈是纖維質纖 維之固有特性。 在預期之用途中，希望織物能不受其面臨之所有活動 影響。這意指其必須具有高撕裂強度、高耐磨性及好的耐 钩絲性（resistance to snagging)。 織物也必須歷經長時期使用及照料仍能保持其外觀。 因此織物必須可清洗並具有好的清洗穩定性、低收縮率、 好的起球性能及好的耐清洗和光之顏色堅牢度。 爲工作者準備個人保護性衣著之組織常要求該衣著得 符合該組織團體的顏色。也有許多案例是衣袍之顔色有其 功能上的重要性如供鎭暴警察用之黑色或供消防隊員及產 -6- 201237229 業工人用之高能見度黃色、接 望用於這些用途之織物能輕易 好的堅牢度表現。 本發明是適用於衣袍用途 用來保護金屬工業及公用事業 火焰、熔融金屬-除氧化鋁以3 出穿著舒適，對於穿著者之生 優良物性的衣袍。 【先前技術】 編織材料之耐燃及從而保 當大。當暴露於火焰時大部分 之織物會燃燒。燃燒速率及易 聚合物的化學本質及該織物之 纖維素、聚酯及耐龍容易燃燒 毛料是具有某程度之耐燃性纪 織物不會輕易燃燒且根據歷史 如包括熔接應用之金屬工 屬飛濺燒到之織物經常非常s 330至600g/m2。其係由材料如 織物可經處理以藉由施加 變爲耐燃性。第一種經耐燃（ 類如氫氧化鋁、三氧化銻及硼 。這些雖然有效但是不耐清洗 色或綠色。因此吾人非常希 染成廣大範圍的顏色及給予 的耐燃性織物，此衣袍預計 之工作者以免被意外暴露於 卜-及電弧燒到。該織物製造 理機能具有最小影響及具有 護底下之材料的能力變化相 由天然纖維及合成纖維製造 點燃性主要由製造該纖維之 構造決定。許多聚合物，如 。燃燒速率越低織物越重。 J最常見天然纖維-重質毛料 已用於防火隊員之衣著。 業中用於保護以免被熔融金 隹重且堅硬。織物重量介於 1經耐燃性處理之棉製造。 適當化學藥品於該織物使其 FR)處理之織物使用無機鹽 酸鹽類使棉織物變爲耐燃性 201237229 藉由接枝或網狀組織形成而反應接到棉上之含 的化合物更持久並被廣泛使用。兩種領導品牌 Proban®及 Pyrovatex®。儘管這些成品能持久，但 被粗糙之化學處理移除且成品之水準隨清洗循環次 。成品應用對於該織物具有不利之勁度效應。此類 物現正用於火焰、熔融金屬飛濺及電弧之保護。當 火焰、熔融金屬飛濺及電弧時，此類型之織物不會 但是變得非常脆並可能破裂而導致穿載者之皮膚暴 害。 抗液態鐵飛濺之織物的保護性質由三階段系統 :E1可視爲最低耐性而E3代表最高熔融鐵耐性< 物需要至少450g/m2經耐燃性處理之棉的織物重量 重量290g/m2之常見經FR處理的棉織物僅顯示El 1 所產製之第一種耐燃性人工製造的纖維係由黏 (viscose process)製造。在該纖維擠製之前把高 態耐燃性添加物分散於旋塗溶液中。液體藉由物理 非常小之氣泡的形式留在纖維素中。結果是能有效 燃性纖維，但是添加物可能被重複清洗而除去。該 強度隨著所包括之添加物的量之增加而降低。該添 於安全議題從市場退出並使纖維之製造中斷。 改良之耐燃性黏液纖維可藉由使用固態顏料型 製造。此類型之纖維能被稱爲FR黏液。在該纖維 前把該顏料磨細及與旋塗溶液混合。結果是不溶性 添加物分散於該纖維中。該纖維之強度隨著所包括 有機磷 名稱是 是其會 數降低 型之織 暴露於 燃燒， 露於危 來分類 > E3-織 。織物 生質。 液方法 黏度液 方法以 成爲耐 纖維之 加物由 難燃劑 擠製之 微粒狀 之添加 -8- 201237229 物的量之增加而降低。該纖維中所有之纖維素均含有一些 添加物且該添加物不會被清洗或一般織物染色或染整方法 除去。因而此方法得到的是固有耐燃性纖維。眾所皆知之 此類型纖維是Vis®，其含有氧化矽顏料型難燃劑。 另一個改良可藉由將固態顏料型難燃劑加入用以製造 莫代爾纖維（modal fibre )之旋塗溶液。該莫代爾方法是 經設計用以製造具有比一般黏液高強度及高濕式模數之纖 維。所得之含該難燃性顏料的纖維是固有耐燃性。其比藉 由黏液方法製造之纖維強並得到具有更高強度及更好安定 性之織物。此類型之織物能在本發明中被稱爲“耐燃性莫 代爾纖維”，但是注意該纖維之性質並不符合莫代爾纖維 之BISFA (國際人造纖維標準化局）定義。已經證實爲此 類型纖維之難燃性顏料是有機磷化合物且較佳之顏料是 Exolith® (2，-氧基雙[5,5-二甲基-1，3,2-二氧雜磷雜環己烷 ]2,2’-二硫化物）。 耐燃性莫代爾纖維以1 00%形式用於僅衣服領域中之 一些應用如金屬化織物或屬於二或多種紗線之混合物的織 物。對於其本身，比起其他產品其性能在許多方面並不適 當。 同樣地，萊塞爾纖維（Lyocell fibre )可被製成耐燃 性。由於不同之製造條件的結果通常適合不同之顏料。此 類型之纖維能被稱爲萊塞爾耐燃性纖維。 有一種製造耐燃性纖維之替代方法是修改製造該纖維 之聚合物，使得該聚合物是固有耐燃性但是仍能形成纖維 -9- 201237229 。這樣之纖維有許多實例，但是用於個人保護性衣著之最 主要纖維是間-芳綸（meta-aramid )、聚苯並咪唑（PBI) 、耐燃性聚酯及莫達丙烯腈（modacrylic)。 耐燃性纖維經常其本身就能用以製造功能完好之織物 。但其亦可彼此混合使用及與非耐燃性纖維混合使用以製 造織物。這樣之混紡織物可具有組成纖維的性質組合之性 質。 有許多耐燃性織物可於市場中購得。最廣泛用於個人 保護性衣著的是（混紡比率以重量％表示）：經耐燃性處 理之100%棉；經耐燃性處理之棉/聚醯胺混紡（85/15型 );經耐燃性處理之聚酯/棉混紡（ 50/50型）；莫達丙烯 腈/棉混紡（5 5/45型）；莫達丙烯腈/棉/芳綸混紡（ 2 5/25/5 0型）：莫達丙烯腈/萊塞爾纖維/芳綸混紡（ 25/25/5 0型）；100%間-芳綸；間-芳綸/對-芳綸混紡（ 80/20型）；間-芳綸/對-芳綸/抗靜電混紡（93/5/2型）； 間·芳綸/耐燃性莫代爾纖維混紡（70/3 0型）；間-芳綸/耐 燃性莫代爾纖維混紡（50/50型；間-芳綸/耐燃性莫代爾 纖維混紡（3 5/65型））。 這些織物各自具有其優缺點，可參見表2(參見實施 例2)。衣袍製造者及規格制定者使用之織物選擇方法係 根據整體性能審查及建基於風險分析之要求等級。沒有任 何一種織物能提供表2列出之理想織物的所有標準。 經耐燃性處理之棉及棉混紡織物給予差至中等性能、 普通舒適度、較容易加工及最便宜。莫達丙烯腈混紡物給 -10- 201237229 予普通性能但是差的舒適度及更高成本。芳綸織物給予良 好性能及清洗性能但是不舒適且昂貴。關於金屬飛濺或電 弧現在可取得之織物無一被評爲良好。關於開裂表現（ break open behavior)僅金屬-芳綸/耐燃性莫代爾纖維織 物被評爲良好。 在芳綸織物中添加耐燃性莫代爾纖維可改善其總體性 能並降低成本》 現在可取得之織物各自具有一或多個方面之缺陷。沒 有任何單一織物於合理成本上給予良好的全面性能、保護 '舒適、加工性及照料性質。這是本發明之目標。 【發明內容】 目的 本發明的目的在於製造供個人保護性衣著用之織物， 其解決了上述先前技藝之缺陷。從使用者安全性之觀點來 看其應該顯示優良性能，尤其是在金屬飛濺保護、電弧保 護及開裂表現方面。其應該也比現在產品成本更低且舒適 度及美學性質更佳以確保由其製造之衣袍具有預期應用所 有要求的性能。 現在市場上之產品在保護使用者方面表現良好，但是 昂貴，意指其用途有限。其係由，至少一部分，具有差舒 適度及美學性質之纖維製造且其由於可染性差而可能難以 製造。現在使用之織物（尤其是供熔融金屬工業用）堅硬 又笨重（織物重量介於3 30至600g/m2)。關於電氣功用 -11- 201237229 ，抵抗電弧之隔離及電弧暴露之後的改良開裂性能是重要 的安全要求。將交貨之織物有以下的需求： •保護 〇在產品壽命期間內之固有耐燃性 〇提供抵抗液態金屬飛濺之最大保護的極輕質織 物 〇電弧暴露之後期間內改良開裂性 〇火焰暴露之後的非常好之開裂表現；該織物保 持柔軟及完整無缺 〇暴露於火焰之後立即碰觸感覺涼的 〇抵抗熱及火非常好之絕緣 •機械性能及持久性： 〇高耐撕裂性 〇低起球 〇優良磨損性。 •生理機能： 0良好熱性質，給使用者更有效率之冷卻， 〇使用者之改善的生理機能 •舒適： 〇高且快速之濕氣吸收 〇良好之短期吸水力 0觸覺涼爽 •加工性 0織物可疋染 -12- 201237229 〇 可達成廣大範圍之顏色 〇織物可使用甕或反應性染料系統印染 •清洗性能 〇對清洗保持穩定 〇低清洗收縮率 •環境/永續性 Ο 0ΚΟΤΕΧ標準100纖維 〇纖維能持續很久 詳細說明 本發明之產物是供個人保護性衣著用之耐燃性織物， 該耐燃性織物提供高度保護，防止被火焰及其他熱源如熔 融金屬飛濺及電弧燒到，該織物係由紗線製成，該紗線爲 耐燃性纖維素纖維與耐高溫性聚合物纖維及標準可燃性合 成纖維之密接混合物。 該紗線之混合比率較佳是： 65至90%耐燃性纖維素纖維， 1 〇至2 0 %耐高溫性聚合物纖維，及 10至20%標準合成纖維， 更佳是， 6 5至7 5 %耐燃性莫代爾纖維， 1 2 · 5至1 7.5 %耐高溫性聚合物纖維，及 1 2.5至1 7.5 °/。標準可燃性合成纖維。 令人驚訝的是帶有此纖維含量之織物可給予如此優異 -13- 201237229 的性能。一般熟於此藝之士相信若芳綸纖維含量越高，織 物將具有更好之燃燒性能及給予更好之保護。本發明之織 物含有高百分比的耐燃性纖維素纖維且還能表現得比利用 高百分比的芳綸纖維製造之目前可取得的織物好。 該織物之防靜電性質可藉由於給該混合物中添加1至 5 %防靜電短纖維達成，或藉由使該織物中包括由底紗搓合 防靜電連續單纖紗線所組成之紗線來創造防靜電性網格達 成。該混合物中使用之所有纖維可爲紡液染色（紡染）纖 維。 該紗線之耐燃性纖維素纖維是已經在纖維製造時或之 後添加耐燃劑製成耐燃性之纖維素纖維。 該紗線之耐燃性纖維素纖維係選自由耐燃性莫代爾纖 維、耐燃性黏液纖維及耐燃性萊塞爾纖維所組成的群組。 更明確地說該紗線之耐燃性纖維素纖維是耐燃性莫代爾纖 維。纖維可經紡液染色（紡染）或以纖維屑、毛條、紗線 或織物染色。 該耐高溫性聚合物纖維係選自由對-芳綸、間-芳綸、 芳族聚酯（PES) 'PBI (聚苯並咪唑）及這些纖維之混合 物所組成的群組。該耐高溫性聚合物纖維較佳是對-芳綸 纖維。纖維可經紡液染色（紡染）或呈短纖維經散纖維染 色（stock-dyed)或經毛條染色。 該標準可燃性合成纖維係選自由聚醯胺6( PA6 )、 聚醯胺6 ( PA6.6)及聚酯（PES)纖維所組成之群組。該 纖維較佳是PA6及尤其佳是高強力PA6纖維。纖維可經 -14- 201237229 紡液染色（紡染）或呈短纖維經散纖維染色或呈毛條、紗 線或織布染色。 更明確地說本發明之產物是由紗線所組成的織布，該 紗線是耐燃性莫代爾纖維與對-芳綸或間-芳綸之混合物或 該二芳綸與可燃性高強力PA6之混合物。該織物可爲編織 、針織或以非織技術製造。 該編織織物具有由根據本發明之紗線所構成的經紗及 緯紗。 即使該織物包括某個百分比之可燃性標準合成纖維， 但是該織物仍然具有優異燃燒性及保護性能。其不會燃燒 ，其暴露於火焰時不會開裂並持續不斷提供火焰之阻絕。 再者，即使於低織物重量該織物也能提供高度熔融鐵（“ 金屬飛濺”）保護，以及優良電弧保護。爲求情況正常， 應該提及本發明之織物無法免於受熔融氧化鋁的危害。 該混合物中之各自纖維可經紡液染色（即紡染）。這 將能製造具有非常高顔色堅牢度之織物。截至目前僅非常 貴之芳綸可呈經紡液染色形式取得。 本發明之織物的優異燃燒性及保護性性能以前只能以 明顯更重、更昂貴之織物如PBI、100%芳綸或蘭精（ Lenzing)耐燃性/間-芳綸及重質莫達丙烯腈或經耐燃性處 理之棉混合物及無機系纖維做到。 這所有係以具有較低織物重量、較好保護性及比其他 具有類似性能之織物低的製造成本之織物達成，且由於高 比例之纖維素纖維使此織物更加舒適。 -15- 201237229 該紗線係利用習用技術如環紡、開端式紡紗、渦旋紡 紗、梳毛紡紗、半梳毛紡紗或紡紗產業使用者之任何變化 例藉由紡織紗線而由短纖維製造。主紗線之纖維的短纖長 度可介於35 mm至160 mm之間。尤其佳是具有介於75 與90 mm之間的短纖長度之纖維。該短纖長度必需適於所 選擇之紡紗系統。至少在根據本發明之紗線中的耐燃性纖 維素纖維應該是這樣的短纖長度，但是在根據本發明之較 佳具體實施例中所有根據本發明之紗線中的所有纖維均應 該是這樣的短纖長度。 具有介於75與90 mm之間的短纖長度之纖維的運用 提供帶有低起球及高強力之更輕質織物的高持久性、撕裂 強度及耐磨性。同時根據本發明之紗線及由這些紗線製造 之織物具有更平坦、較無毛之外觀。 該織物中使用之纖維及單纖的線性密度（=纖度）將 要被選擇以配合預期之用途。一般其係在此類紡織用途常 用的範圍中。該線性密度取決於用於該紗線之紡紗系統。 在紡織該耐燃性莫代爾纖維之前的準備過程中，把該 耐高溫性聚合物纖維及該標準可燃性合成纖維依需要之比 例混在一起。根據本發明之紗線是該三種纖維之密接混合 物且各自纖維徹底分散於最終之紗線中。此混合可在纖維 打開、梳理時或銀拉絲時完成。 在尤其佳之具體實施例中的根據本發明之紗線的混合 比率是 70%耐燃性莫代爾纖維， •16- 201237229 15%耐高溫性聚合物纖維，及 15 %標準合成纖維。 該織物之防靜電性質可藉由混入1%至5%之防靜電纖 維或藉由使用由底紗（根據本發明）搓合防靜電連續單纖 紗線製造之紗線在該織物中創造防靜電網格而增加。 該紗線中之對-芳綸纖維的比例可爲至多30%，但是 該織物成本隨著對-芳綸含量增加而提高，且對照適用標 準物卻無性能之明顯提升。該織物中之一或多種個別纖維 組分係經紡液染色、經散纖維染色、或經染色的毛條，或 可以紗線或織物染色。該耐高溫性聚合物纖維可經紡液染 色或依纖維屑或毛條狀態染色。藉由使用1 00%經紡液染 色之纖維，該織物顏色堅牢度將得到改善，同時可達成織 物染色之成本節省。 該編織織物之織物重量、構造及織造係經選擇以交出 應用所需之款式和性質的織物。例如該織物構造可爲平織 、斜織物、方平織物、緞紋、緯面緞紋或任何其他適於保 護性衣著應用之編織。關於針織織物，緯平針織（plain jersey )、充紗羅織物或任何其他適合之織物構造均可行 。該織物可爲用於襯衫料應用之輕質（即每單位面積重量 100至150 g/m2)平織物。其可爲供褲子用之中等重量（ 即每單位面積重量150至230 g/m2 )斜紋織。其也可爲供 夾克及其他外套用之重量級重量（即每單位面積重量230 至3 5 0 g/m2)斜紋織。本發明之基本原理可被引入多變之 織物中。不管編織或構造爲何其均適用，附帶條件爲使用 -17- 201237229 正確之紗線混合物及配置。特別地，只有輕質之織物（低 於100 g/m2)可能不會顯示本發明之益處。 本發明之織物也可利用非織織物製造方法製造。很顯 然對於非織方法，紗線並非必需但是以上所述之關於紗線 纖維的本質、性質及處理的所有事物以及混合比率也適用 於此類非織物之組成。該等纖維組分混在一起並製成非織 織物而不需先紡紗。此織物之一實例是針氈織物，其中個 別纖維組分於混合裝置中混在一起及接著梳棉、交叉舖置 及針織以得到織物。此織物係用作爲例如衣袍中之絕熱襯 裡或可用以製造圍裙之簡單衣袍。 本發明之用途 本發明之產物預期用作爲有暴露於火焰、電弧及液態 金屬飛濺之風險的情況中供個人保護用之衣著的主要組分 之一。該織物係用以製造覆蓋使用者之身體以保護皮膚以 免暴露於火焰或其他可能造成傷害之熱源如金屬飛濺-除 氧化鋁以外-及電弧。 衣袍通常藉由縫合裁剪好之成形織物碎片將其組合起 來而製造。本發明之產物可爲用於製造衣袍之單獨織物或 可爲衣袍之一組分；其他組分由不同設計及目的之織物組 成。其也可在裁剪供衣袍組合件用之成形碎片之前藉由層 疊與其他織物結合。 本發明之產物可用作爲衣袍內側之織物層。其可用作 爲衣袍外側上之層或其可用作爲二或多種其他織物之間的 -18- 201237229 內部組分。其也可用以提供該衣袍中之多於一層。例如其 可用作爲該衣袍之內層及作爲該衣袍之外層，且該內層與 外層之間有第三層耐燃性塡料。 本發明之織物可用於所有類型之衣袍的製造，其中保 護以免被火焰燒到是主要之目的。其可用於夾套、外套、 褲子、襯衫、馬球衫、毛線衣及套頭毛衣、運動衫、T恤 、短襪、圍裙、手套及長手套、供頭部保護用之頭巾、其 他頭飾及任何爲了達到保護穿用者以免被火焰及類似危害 波及之目的所穿戴之其他衣袍。該織物也可用於其他預期 能提供保護給人們或財產以防暴露於火焰之物品，如鞋及 長靴組分、電焊面罩、火幕、帳蓬、睡袋、防水布及任何 完全或部分由織物製造之其他類似物品。 供預期用途用之彩色織物較佳係藉由使用紡紗染色纖 維、藉由疋染或藉由印染達成，但是一般所有染色技術均 適用。 【實施方式】 實施例1 由下列組分編織斜紋織物： •紗線：Nm 45/2精梳紡紗，其中70%纖維是3.3 dtex Lenzing FR® ( 1/3 有 75 mm 及 2/3 有 90 mm 短纖長度）、15%纖維是1.7 dtex 100mm短纖長度 對-芳綸、及15 %纖維是高強力pA6。Lenzing FR® 是可自澳洲，Lenzing AG購得之耐燃性莫代爾纖 -19- 201237229 維，其係根據莫代爾方法（參見ΑΤ-4 )製造及其含有Exolith®作爲摻入之耐 該三種纖維組分在預備加工時以銀牽# of silver)混合在一起。 織物經紗數是每公分3 0條。緯紗數是每公 所得之織物具有260 g/cm2之每單位面積質 防火= 所得之織物不可於正常大氣條件點燃。暴 織物表面之火焰時，該織物燒成炭但是維持其 扮作火焰之阻絕物。該織物中沒形成洞孔。根 1 5 025程序A (表面點燃）進行火焰暴露之後 持柔軟及撓性而沒有任何開裂。再者當火焰朝 時及在1 〇秒之整個燃燒時間的期間沒見到該 縮。 當根據EN ISO 1 5025程序A測試時該織 餘燼在經紗方向是0秒及在緯紗方向是0秒。 保護性衣袍-夾克及褲子-係由該織物組裝 式評估。 以儀測人體模型測試 根據ISO 1 3 506.3 :抵抗熱及火焰之保護ΐ 衣袍之測試方法-利用儀側人體模型預測燒傷 法根據暴露於實驗室模擬之熱通量密度、持續 1371/2009 燃性顏料。 ^ ( drafting 分2 6條。 量。 露於對準該 構造並繼續 據 EN ISO 該織物仍保 該織物表面 織物之熱收 物之殘燄及 並依下列方 fe衣著-完整 。此測試方 期間及火焰 -20- 201237229 分佈受控制的火焰之原尺寸人體模型的熱轉移測量’描繪 由衣袍所提供之熱保護的特性。該熱轉移測量也可用以求 得該暴露所引起之預測皮膚燒傷。以根據本發明之織物製 造的衣袍與100%芳綸織物製造的衣袍做比較（表1及2 ) 表1-燃燒預測: 燃燒程度/全部燃燒(％) 第1次 第2次 第3次 本發明之織物： 7 16,7 0,9 loo% m 5,3 18,4 10,5 表2 -火焰暴露之後的尺寸變化: 位置:（收縮率％> 本發明之織物 100%芳綸 夾克長度 +3,6 -8 夾克寬度 +2,0 -2,0 _夾克上臂 -10,9 n/a* 臂長 +2,1 -5,0 裤長 -1,2 -16,7 褲子股部 -7,9 n/a* n/ai經過火焰暴露之後該衣袍太脆而無法評估 由本發明之織.物製造的衣袍顯示與1〇〇%芳綸衣袍相 比極不易燒傷。經過火焰暴露之後從該人體模型移除衣袍 以測量該衣袍之尺寸及收縮率。1 00 %芳綸衣袍之多個部分 太脆而無法測量-夾克上臂及褲子股部。本發明之織物保 持完整無缺在一塊。沒見到嚴重損傷。該織物保持撓性且 不會開裂。 令人驚訝的是，本發明之織物在火焰暴露時不會收縮 。事實上相反情形發生-該衣袍有些部分尺寸增大。該 -21 - 201237229 1 〇〇%芳綸衣袍顯示顯著的火焰收縮。 在測試衣袍之目視評估時可清楚見到由本發明之織物 製造的衣袍在創造一種暴露於火焰時特別好的保護墊層。 金屬飛濺保護= 根據ISO 9185及根據EN ISO 11612之分類法測試本 發明之織物。儘管其具有260 g/cm2之相對較低的織物重 量，但是結果可達成最高保護等級：E3 »爲了比較：已經 用於鐵金屬飛濺保護之典型織物具有400 g/cm2之織物重 量並僅顯示保護等級E 1。 此測試評估該織物忍受一定量之熔融金屬的能力及金 屬與該織物如何相互作用。表現最佳之材料保有其構造及 金屬不會黏附於表面。對該織物造成之損害最小化。 電弧保護： 根據EN ISO IEC 61482 1-2、4kA及7kA測試本發明 之織物。該織物以特優値通過要求之Stoll標準的4kA , 及當測試至7kA時，顯示單層中之織物沒有開裂。該 Stoll曲線是熱能及時間的曲線，其係由人類組織耐熱數 據產生並用以預測二級燒傷之開端（引自EN ISO IEC 6 1 482 1 -2 ) ° 機械性能測試： 根據IS Ο 1 3 9 3 7 - 2測試之撕裂測試結果如以下，與表 -22- 201237229 3中之一些現在用於個人保護性衣著中的其他產品做比較 表3 -織物性能結果 織物 織物 重量 (fl/m2) 經紗撕 裂強度 緯紗撕 裂強度 熱穿透 係數 短時間水蒸 氣吸收[Fi] 顏色堅 牢度 本發明之 織物 260 75 74 170 10,0 5 莫達丙烯腈 /棉 260 25 25 126 4.3 4 經阻燃性處 理之棉 340 28 29 139 9.1 3 芳綸 260 51 49 109 2.3 3-4 本發明之織物具有比市場上大部分的其他材料高之撕 裂強度。 舒適測試：根據表3之結果 Alambeta -熱穿透係數： 把織物拿來測試其舒適性。Alambeta測試測量體熱穿 過織物之傳導速率。帶有高熱穿透係數之織物感覺較涼爽 及這使得其穿著更舒適。引用表3之結果，本發明之織物 顯示最高熱穿透係數，造成最涼織物觸感。 短時間水蒸氣吸收Fi : 該織物利用人類皮膚模型設備測試根據EN ISO 31092 之短時期水蒸氣吸收（Fi ) °高水吸收性表示該織物能正 面管理其環境中之濕氣。這有助於維持身體乾燥及涼爽。 引用表3之結果，本發明之織物顯示最高之短時間水蒸氣 吸收作用，造成最佳之穿著舒適性。這個能助於避免熱壓 -23- 201237229 迫及中暑之風險並能改善穿用者之生理機能。 顏色堅牢度測試： 由於1 〇〇%紡染纖維或高品質染色程序之運用，使得 能達成高顔色堅牢度’於是顏色不會被清掉或磨損。 實施例2 主觀評估根據本發明實施例1之織物並與用於個人保 護性衣著之市販可得的織物做比較。在表4最後一欄中提 供結果。在此表中得分系統是1至3 : 1 =差，3 =優良。 在每個參數評判時，實施例1之織物均給予最高分數 。沒有其他被評價之織物達成相同的高評價水準。 -24- 201237229 表4-常用之個人保護性衣著織物之性質與實施例1的比較 阻燃性棉 阻燃性棉/PA 阻燃性聚合物/棉 MAC/棉 MAC/棉傍綸 MAC/耐龍涝綸 100%間-芳綸 間-芳綸/對-芳綸 I Μ !ι 酲膣 ί^τ ll $u 碗署 mn 盛淞 保護 固有阻燃性 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 開裂表現 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 3 3 絕熱 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 電弧保護 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 金屬飛濺保護鐵 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 機械性能持久性： 耐撕裂性 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 起球 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 磨耗性 1 2 2 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 t 纖能： 熱性質 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 3 3 使用者機能 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 F適性： 濕氣吸收 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 涼爽觸感 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 力 讧性 可疋染 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 顏色堅牢度 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 2 3 顏色範圍 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 1 2 3 織物可印染性 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 清洗性能 清洗穩定 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 低清洗收縮 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 環墩永續性 OKOTEX Standard 100 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 永續性 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 「負擔性 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 MAC =莫達丙烯腈 -25-201237229 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Fields of the Invention] New flame resistant fabrics have been invented, which utilize the properties of a combination of conventional flame resistant fibers and non-flammable fibers to produce superior flame resistance than other flame resistant fabrics. Sexual, amazing physical properties and fabrics that give the user increased comfort. "Flame resistance" is a property of a material such as fiber or fabric that does not burn in a normal atmosphere. When exposed to a flame, it will not continue to burn when the flame is removed. "Flame resistance" should not be confused with the wording "flame retardant" used to describe the chemical imparting flame resistance to fabrics. The flame retardant is also used to describe a fabric that exhibits a reduced burn rate but does not provide the user with any protection from the flame. It is well known that flame resistant fabrics, especially those made of flame resistant fibers, can be used to provide protection against exposure to flame. The general practical experience is that firefighters wear robes that protect the user from the flames in the event of a hazard. It is expected that the robes will prevent the skin of the user of the garment from being directly exposed to the flame, thereby reducing the risk of suffering from burns. Other professionals who need to be protected from the flames include police and security personnel, military personnel and workers in the gas and oil industries. Protective clothing for molten metal splash protection is used by welders and metal industry workers. A large amount of energy is used in the metal industry to melt the metal and create an electric arc. Protective clothing is therefore required to protect against splashing and arcing of liquid metal. When the arc is accidentally generated, it is operated by high-voltage facilities. -5 - 201237229 The staff may be exposed to small metal splashes. We very much hope that the fabrics used for these purposes should be comfortable to wear, should be good in physical properties and aesthetically suitable for this task - color appearance, style and touch. Workers who use personal protective clothing often work in a high-pressure environment that is accompanied by high workloads that result in high physiological energy expenditure. This physiological tension causes the body heat and moisture inside the robes to occur. I very much hope that the fabric used for the construction of this robes should be able to dissipate body heat and moisture to prevent the user from overheating (heat tightness). Fabrics that allow body heat and moisture to escape create a robes that feel more comfortable and that lengthen the working hours that can be achieved without exceeding the maximum physiological stress. It is well known that cellulosic fibers provide improved comfort compared to synthetic fibers. That is, because the cellulosic fibers are hydrophilic and absorb water vapor and liquid water. Controlling the movement and distribution of water in the fabric is an inherent property of the fibrous fibers. In the intended use, it is desirable that the fabric be unaffected by all the activities it faces. This means that it must have high tear strength, high abrasion resistance and good resistance to snagging. Fabrics must also maintain their appearance after prolonged use and care. Therefore, the fabric must be washable and have good cleaning stability, low shrinkage, good pilling performance and good wash fastness and light fastness. Organizations that prepare personal protective clothing for workers often require that the garment be in accordance with the color of the organization's group. There are also many cases where the color of the robes has its functional importance, such as black for riot police or for firefighters and producers. -6-201237229 Workers use high-visibility yellow, and can use fabrics for these purposes. Easy and good fastness performance. The present invention is suitable for use in a robes. It is used to protect the metal industry and utilities. Flames, molten metals - in addition to alumina, are comfortable to wear, and are excellent for the wearer's life. [Prior Art] The woven material is resistant to ignition and thus large. Most of the fabric burns when exposed to flame. The burning rate and the chemical nature of the polymer and the cellulose, polyester and nylon resistant fabrics of the fabric are flame resistant. The fabrics do not burn easily and are burnt according to history, including metalworking applications including welding applications. The fabric to which it is often is very s 330 to 600 g/m2. It can be treated by a material such as a fabric to become flame resistant by application. The first type is flame resistant (such as aluminum hydroxide, antimony trioxide and boron. Although these are effective but not washable or green), so I am very dyed into a wide range of colors and given flame resistant fabrics, this gown is expected Workers to avoid accidental exposure to Bu- and arc burning. The fabric manufacturing machine has the least impact and the ability to have the material under the protection. The phase is made of natural fibers and synthetic fibers. The ignition is mainly determined by the structure of the fiber. Many polymers, such as. The lower the burning rate, the heavier the fabric. J The most common natural fiber - heavy wool has been used for the protection of fire-resistant players. It is used in the industry to protect it from being thick and hard by molten gold. 1 Manufactured by flame-resistant cotton. Appropriate chemicals used in the fabric to make FR) fabrics use inorganic hydrochlorides to make cotton fabrics flame resistant 201237229 Reacted to cotton by grafting or network formation The compounds contained are more durable and widely used. Two leading brands, Proban® and Pyrovatex®. Although these finished products are durable, they are removed by rough chemical treatment and the level of the finished product is repeated with the cleaning cycle. Finished product applications have an adverse stiffness effect on the fabric. Such materials are now being used for the protection of flames, molten metal splashes and arcs. In the case of flames, molten metal splashes and arcing, this type of fabric does not become very brittle and may rupture causing the wearer's skin to violently. The protective properties of fabrics resistant to liquid iron splashing are governed by a three-stage system: E1 can be regarded as the lowest resistance and E3 represents the highest molten iron resistance. The material requires at least 450 g/m2. The fabric weight of the cotton treated with flame resistance is 290 g/m2. The FR treated cotton fabric only shows that the first flame resistant artificially produced fiber system produced by El 1 is made by a viscose process. The high flame resistance additive is dispersed in the spin coating solution prior to extrusion of the fiber. The liquid remains in the cellulose by the form of physically small bubbles. As a result, the fibers can be effectively burned, but the additives may be removed by repeated washing. This intensity decreases as the amount of additive included increases. This added to the safety issue from the market exit and disruption of fiber manufacturing. Improved flame resistant mucilage fibers can be made by using a solid pigment type. This type of fiber can be referred to as FR mucus. The pigment is ground and mixed with the spin coating solution prior to the fiber. As a result, the insoluble additive is dispersed in the fiber. The strength of the fiber along with the name of the organic phosphorus included is its reduced number of woven fabrics exposed to combustion, exposed to the dangers of classification > E3-woven. Fabric raw material. The liquid method The viscosity method is reduced as the amount of the particulate matter added by the flame retardant is increased by the addition of the particulate matter -8-201237229. All of the cellulose in the fiber contains some additives and the additive is not removed by cleaning or general fabric dyeing or dyeing. Thus, this method yields inherently flame resistant fibers. It is well known that this type of fiber is Vis®, which contains a cerium oxide pigment type flame retardant. Another improvement can be achieved by adding a solid pigment type flame retardant to a spin coating solution for making modal fibres. The Modal method is designed to produce fibers having a higher strength and a higher wet modulus than typical mucus. The obtained fiber containing the flame retardant pigment is inherently flame resistant. It is stronger than fibers made by the mucus method and gives a fabric with higher strength and better stability. This type of fabric can be referred to as "flame-resistant modal fiber" in the present invention, but it is noted that the properties of the fiber do not conform to the definition of BISFA (International Manmade Fiber Standardization Bureau) of Modal fiber. It has been confirmed that the flame retardant pigment of this type of fiber is an organophosphorus compound and the preferred pigment is Exolith® (2,-oxybis[5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorane) Hexane] 2,2'-disulfide). Flame resistant modal fibers are used in the form of only 100% of the garment-only applications such as metallized fabrics or fabrics belonging to a mixture of two or more yarns. For itself, its performance is not appropriate in many respects compared to other products. Similarly, Lyocell fibre can be made flame resistant. The results are usually suitable for different pigments due to the results of different manufacturing conditions. Fibers of this type can be referred to as lysell flame resistant fibers. An alternative method of making flame resistant fibers is to modify the polymer from which the fiber is made such that the polymer is inherently flame resistant but still forms fibers -9-201237229. There are many examples of such fibers, but the most important fibers for personal protective clothing are meta-aramid, polybenzimidazole (PBI), flame resistant polyester and modacrylic. Flame resistant fibers are often used by themselves to make a functional fabric. However, it can also be used in combination with one another and in combination with non-flammable fibers to make a fabric. Such a blended fabric may have the property of combining the properties of the constituent fibers. There are many flame resistant fabrics available on the market. The most widely used for personal protective clothing is (mixing ratio expressed in % by weight): 100% cotton treated with flame resistance; cotton/polyamide blend (85/15 type) treated with flame resistance; Polyester/cotton blend (50/50 type); Moda acrylonitrile/cotton blend (5 5/45 type); Moda acrylonitrile/cotton/aramid blend (2 5/25/5 0 type): Mo Acrylonitrile/Laysel fiber/aramid blend (25/25/5 0 type); 100% m-aramid; m-aramid/p-aramid blend (80/20); inter-aramid/ Pair-Aramid/Antistatic Blend (93/5/2); Inter-Aramid/Flammable Modal Fiber Blend (70/30 Type); Inter-Aramid/Flammable Modal Fiber Blend (50/50 Type) ; - aramid / flame resistant modal fiber blend (3 5 / 65 type)). These fabrics each have their advantages and disadvantages, see Table 2 (see Example 2). The fabric selection method used by the robes manufacturer and specifier is based on the overall performance review and the level of risk analysis required. None of the fabrics provide all the criteria for the ideal fabrics listed in Table 2. The flame-resistant cotton and cotton blend fabrics give poor to medium performance, general comfort, ease of processing and cheapest. Moda acrylonitrile blend gives -10- 201237229 general performance but poor comfort and higher cost. Aramid fabrics give good performance and cleaning performance but are uncomfortable and expensive. None of the fabrics currently available for metal splashes or arcs was rated as good. Regarding the break open behavior, only metal-aramid/flame resistant modal fiber fabrics were rated as good. The addition of flame resistant modal fibers to aramid fabrics improves overall performance and reduces costs. Fabrics that are currently available each have one or more deficiencies. No single fabric gives good overall performance at reasonable cost, protecting 'comfort, processability and care properties. This is the object of the present invention. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0005] It is an object of the present invention to provide a fabric for personal protective clothing that addresses the deficiencies of the prior art described above. From the point of view of user safety, it should show excellent performance, especially in terms of metal splash protection, arc protection and cracking performance. It should also be less costly and more comfortable and aesthetically pleasing than the current product to ensure that the robes made from it have the performance required for the intended application. Products on the market today perform well in protecting users, but are expensive, meaning their use is limited. It is made of at least a portion of fibers having poor comfort and aesthetic properties and may be difficult to manufacture due to poor dyeability. The fabrics used today (especially for the molten metal industry) are hard and bulky (fabric weights between 3 30 and 600 g/m2). Regarding electrical utility -11- 201237229, resistance to arc isolation and improved cracking performance after arc exposure are important safety requirements. The fabric to be delivered has the following requirements: • Protects the inherent flame resistance of the crucible during the life of the product, provides an extremely lightweight fabric that resists the maximum protection of liquid metal splashes, improves the cracking period after the arc exposure, and after the flame exposure Very good cracking performance; the fabric remains soft and intact. Immediately after exposure to the flame, it touches the feeling of coolness. Resistance to heat and fire is very good. Insulation • Mechanical properties and durability: High tear resistance and low pilling 〇 Excellent wear and tear. • Physiological function: 0 Good thermal properties, more efficient cooling for the user, improved physiological function of the user • Comfort: High and fast moisture absorption 〇 Good short-term water absorption 0 Touch coolness • Processability 0 Fabrics can be dyed -12- 201237229 〇 A wide range of colors can be achieved. Fabrics can be printed with enamel or reactive dye systems. • Cleaning performance 保持 Stable for cleaning, low cleaning shrinkage • Environmental / resilience Ο 0 ΚΟΤΕΧ standard 100 fiber The rayon fiber can last for a long time to specify that the product of the present invention is a flame resistant fabric for personal protective clothing that provides a high degree of protection against flames and other sources of heat such as molten metal splashing and arcing. Made of yarn, the yarn is an intimate mixture of flame resistant cellulosic fibers with high temperature resistant polymer fibers and standard combustible synthetic fibers. The mixing ratio of the yarn is preferably: 65 to 90% of flame resistant cellulose fibers, 1 to 20% of high temperature resistant polymer fibers, and 10 to 20% of standard synthetic fibers, more preferably, 6 to 7 5% flame resistant modal fiber, 1 2 · 5 to 1 7.5 % high temperature resistant polymer fiber, and 1 2.5 to 1 7.5 ° /. Standard flammable synthetic fiber. Surprisingly, fabrics with this fiber content can give such excellent performance as -13 - 201237229. Generally, people who are familiar with this art believe that if the content of aramid fiber is higher, the fabric will have better combustion performance and better protection. The fabric of the present invention contains a high percentage of flame resistant cellulosic fibers and can also perform better than currently available fabrics made with a high percentage of aramid fibers. The antistatic property of the fabric can be achieved by adding 1 to 5% of antistatic short fibers to the mixture, or by including the yarn consisting of a base yarn and an antistatic continuous monofilament yarn. Create an antistatic mesh to achieve. All of the fibers used in the mixture can be dyed (spun) fibers of the dope. The flame resistant cellulose fiber of the yarn is a cellulose fiber which has been flame-retardant by adding a flame retardant at or after the production of the fiber. The flame resistant cellulose fibers of the yarn are selected from the group consisting of flame resistant modal fibers, flame resistant mucilage fibers, and flame resistant lyocell fibers. More specifically, the flame resistant cellulose fiber of the yarn is a flame resistant modal fiber. The fibers can be dyed (spun) by spinning or dyed with lint, tops, yarns or fabrics. The high temperature resistant polymer fiber is selected from the group consisting of p-aramid, meta-aramid, aromatic polyester (PES) 'PBI (polybenzimidazole) and a mixture of these fibers. The high temperature resistant polymer fiber is preferably a para-aramid fiber. The fibers can be dyed (spun) by spinning or staple-dyed or stapled with short fibers. The standard flammable synthetic fiber is selected from the group consisting of polyamidamine 6 (PA6), polyamidamine 6 (PA6.6), and polyester (PES) fibers. The fiber is preferably PA6 and especially preferably high strength PA6 fiber. Fibers can be dyed (spun dyed) by -14- 201237229 or dyed with short fibers by bulk fibers or dyed with tops, yarns or woven fabrics. More specifically, the product of the present invention is a woven fabric composed of a yarn which is a mixture of flame resistant modal fibers and p-aramid or meta-aramid or the bisexene and flammability high strength PA6. mixture. The fabric can be woven, knitted or made in a non-woven technique. The woven fabric has warp and weft yarns composed of the yarn according to the present invention. Even though the fabric includes a certain percentage of flammable standard synthetic fibers, the fabric still has excellent flammability and protective properties. It does not burn, it does not crack when exposed to flames and continues to provide flame resistance. Moreover, the fabric provides high molten iron ("metal splash") protection and excellent arc protection even at low fabric weights. In order to be normal, it should be mentioned that the fabric of the present invention is not protected from the oxidized alumina. The respective fibers in the mixture can be dyed (i.e., spun dye) by a dope. This will enable the manufacture of fabrics with very high color fastness. Up to now, only very expensive aramid has been obtained in the form of dyed dyeing. The superior flammability and protective properties of the fabrics of the present invention were previously only possible with significantly heavier and more expensive fabrics such as PBI, 100% aramid or Lenzing flame retardant/m-aramid and heavy Moda propylene. Nitrile or a combination of flame resistant cotton and inorganic fibers. All of this is achieved with a fabric having a lower fabric weight, better protection and a lower manufacturing cost than other fabrics having similar properties, and the fabric is more comfortable due to the high proportion of cellulosic fibers. -15- 201237229 The yarn is made from textile yarns by any of the variations of conventional techniques such as ring spinning, open spinning, vortex spinning, carding, semi-combed or spinning. Short fiber manufacturing. The fibers of the main yarn may have a staple length of between 35 mm and 160 mm. Especially preferred are fibers having a staple length of between 75 and 90 mm. The staple length must be adapted to the spinning system of choice. At least the flame resistant cellulosic fibres in the yarn according to the invention should be of such staple length, but in the preferred embodiment according to the invention all of the fibres in the yarn according to the invention should be The length of the staple fiber. The use of fibers having a staple length between 75 and 90 mm provides high durability, tear strength and abrasion resistance of lighter fabrics with low pilling and high strength. At the same time, the yarns according to the present invention and fabrics made from these yarns have a flatter, hairless appearance. The linear density (=denier) of the fibers and monofilaments used in the fabric will be selected to suit the intended use. It is generally in the range commonly used for such textile applications. This linear density depends on the spinning system used for the yarn. The high temperature resistant polymer fiber and the standard flammable synthetic fiber are mixed as needed in the preparation process before the flame resistant modal fiber is spun. The yarn according to the invention is a close mixture of the three fibers and the respective fibers are thoroughly dispersed in the final yarn. This mixing can be done when the fibers are opened, combed, or silver drawn. The mixing ratio of the yarn according to the present invention in a particularly preferred embodiment is 70% flame resistant modal fiber, • 16-201237229 15% high temperature resistant polymer fiber, and 15% standard synthetic fiber. The antistatic property of the fabric can be prevented in the fabric by mixing 1% to 5% of antistatic fibers or by using a yarn made of a base yarn (according to the invention) of an antistatic continuous monofilament yarn. The electrostatic grid is increased. The ratio of para-aramid fibers in the yarn may be up to 30%, but the fabric cost increases as the para-aramid content increases, and there is no significant improvement in performance against the applicable standards. One or more of the individual fiber components of the fabric are dyed by a spinning solution, dyed with a loose fiber, or dyed tops, or may be dyed with a yarn or fabric. The high temperature resistant polymer fiber can be dyed by spinning or dyed according to the state of lint or top. By using 100% of the dyed fibers, the fabric's color fastness will be improved while achieving the cost savings of fabric dyeing. The fabric weight, construction and weaving of the woven fabric are selected to give the fabric of the style and properties desired for the application. For example, the fabric construction can be a plain weave, a twill weave, a square weave, a satin weave, a weft satin weave or any other weave suitable for protective garment applications. Regarding knit fabrics, plain jersey, velvet fabric or any other suitable fabric construction is acceptable. The fabric can be a lightweight (i.e., 100 to 150 g/m2 per unit area) flat fabric for use in shirting applications. It may be twill weave for the weight of the pants (ie, 150 to 230 g/m2 per unit area). It can also be twill weave for heavyweight weights (ie 230 to 350 g/m2 per unit area) for jackets and other outerwear. The basic principles of the invention can be incorporated into a variety of fabrics. Regardless of the weaving or construction, it is conditional on the correct yarn mix and configuration using -17- 201237229. In particular, only lightweight fabrics (less than 100 g/m2) may not exhibit the benefits of the present invention. The fabric of the present invention can also be made using a nonwoven fabric manufacturing process. It is apparent that for non-woven methods, the yarn is not required but all of the above-mentioned properties, properties, and handling of the yarn fibers, as well as the mixing ratio, are also applicable to such non-woven compositions. The fiber components are mixed together and made into a nonwoven fabric without first spinning. An example of such a fabric is a needle felt fabric in which individual fiber components are mixed together in a mixing device and then carded, cross-laid and knitted to obtain a fabric. This fabric is used as, for example, an insulating lining in a robes or a simple robes that can be used to make an apron. Uses of the Invention The products of the present invention are intended to be used as one of the major components of clothing for personal protection in the event of exposure to flame, arc and liquid metal splashing. The fabric is used to cover the user's body to protect the skin from exposure to flames or other sources of heat that may cause injury such as metal splashing - in addition to alumina - and arcing. The robes are usually manufactured by stitching the cut pieces of the formed fabric together. The product of the present invention may be a separate fabric for making a garment or may be a component of a garment; the other components may be comprised of fabrics of different designs and purposes. It can also be combined with other fabrics by lamination prior to cutting the formed pieces for the gown assembly. The product of the invention can be used as a fabric layer on the inside of the robes. It can be used as a layer on the outside of the robes or as an internal component of -18-201237229 between two or more other fabrics. It can also be used to provide more than one layer of the robes. For example, it can be used as an inner layer of the robes and as an outer layer of the robes, and a third layer of flame resistant sputum between the inner layer and the outer layer. The fabric of the present invention can be used in the manufacture of all types of robes where protection from flame burning is a primary objective. It can be used in jackets, jackets, trousers, shirts, polo shirts, sweaters and pullovers, sweatshirts, T-shirts, socks, aprons, gloves and long gloves, headscarves for head protection, other headwear and any In order to protect the wearer from wearing other robes worn by flames and similar hazards. The fabric can also be used in other articles that are expected to provide protection to people or property from exposure to flames, such as footwear and boot components, welding masks, fire curtains, tents, sleeping bags, tarpaulins, and any other or partially made of fabric. Other similar items. Color fabrics for the intended use are preferably dyed by spinning, by dyeing or by dyeing, but generally all dyeing techniques are suitable. [Embodiment] Example 1 A twill fabric is woven from the following components: • Yarn: Nm 45/2 combed spinning, wherein 70% of the fibers are 3.3 dtex Lenzing FR® (1/3 has 75 mm and 2/3 90 mm staple length), 15% fiber is 1.7 dtex 100mm staple length p-aramid, and 15% fiber is high strength pA6. Lenzing FR® is a flame-resistant modal fiber -19-201237229 available from Lenzing AG, Australia, which is manufactured according to the Modal method (see ΑΤ-4) and contains Exolith® as a blending resistant to the three fiber components. They are mixed together in silver during the preparation process. The number of warp yarns in the fabric is 30 pieces per cm. The number of weft yarns is 260 g/cm2 per unit area of the resulting fabric. Fire resistance = The resulting fabric is not ignitable under normal atmospheric conditions. When the flame on the surface of the fabric is violent, the fabric is burned to charcoal but maintains its resistance to the flame. No holes were formed in the fabric. Root 1 5 025 Procedure A (surface igniting) is soft and flexible without any cracking after flame exposure. Furthermore, the shrinkage was not seen during the flame and during the entire burning time of 1 second. When tested according to EN ISO 1 5025 Procedure A, the weave is 0 seconds in the warp direction and 0 seconds in the weft direction. Protective robes - jackets and trousers - are evaluated by the fabric assembly. Tested by human body model according to ISO 1 3 506.3: Protection against heat and flame ΐ Test method for robes - Prediction of burn method by instrument side human body model based on heat flux density exposed to laboratory simulation, continuous 1371/2009 burning Sex pigments. ^ (the drafting is divided into 2 6. The amount is exposed to the structure and continues according to EN ISO. The fabric still retains the residual flame of the fabric of the surface fabric of the fabric and is dressed as follows - complete during this test period And Flame -20- 201237229 Distribution of Controlled Flame Original Size Thermal Transfer Measurement of Human Body Model 'Describes the thermal protection characteristics provided by the robes. This thermal transfer measurement can also be used to determine the predicted skin burn caused by this exposure. Comparison of the robes made of the fabric according to the present invention and the robes made of 100% aramid fabric (Tables 1 and 2) Table 1 - Combustion prediction: Degree of combustion / total combustion (%) 1st 2nd 3rd Fabric of the invention: 7 16,7 0,9 loo% m 5,3 18,4 10,5 Table 2 - Dimensional change after flame exposure: Position: (shrinkage %> 100% aramid jacket of the fabric of the present invention Length +3,6 -8 Jacket width +2,0 -2,0 _ Jacket upper arm -10,9 n/a* Arm length +2,1 -5,0 Pants length -1,2 -16,7 Pants stock Part-7,9 n/a* n/ai After the flame exposure, the robes are too brittle to evaluate the robes displayed by the woven fabric of the present invention and 1% of aramid clothing It is extremely hard to burn. After the flame is exposed, the robes are removed from the mannequin to measure the size and shrinkage of the robes. The parts of the 100% aramid robes are too brittle to be measured - the jacket upper arms and pants The fabric of the present invention remains intact. No serious damage is seen. The fabric remains flexible and does not crack. Surprisingly, the fabric of the present invention does not shrink when exposed to flame. The situation occurred - some parts of the robes were increased in size. The -21,372,372,29 1 〇〇% aramid robes showed significant flame shrinkage. The garments made from the fabric of the present invention were clearly seen in the visual evaluation of the robes. The gown is a particularly good protective mat when exposed to a flame. Metal Splash Protection = The fabric of the present invention was tested according to ISO 9185 and according to the classification according to EN ISO 11612, although it has a relatively low fabric weight of 260 g/cm2. , but the result is the highest level of protection: E3 » For comparison: Typical fabrics already used for ferrous metal splash protection have a fabric weight of 400 g/cm2 and show only protection level E 1. This test evaluates the fabric's ability to withstand a certain amount of molten metal and how the metal interacts with the fabric. The best performing material retains its construction and the metal does not stick to the surface. The damage caused to the fabric is minimized. Protection: The fabric of the invention was tested according to EN ISO IEC 61482 1-2, 4kA and 7kA. The fabric was passed through the required Stoll standard of 4 kA, and when tested to 7 kA, the fabric in the single layer was shown to be free of cracking. The Stoll curve is a curve of thermal energy and time, which is generated from human tissue heat resistance data and used to predict the beginning of secondary burns (from EN ISO IEC 6 1 482 1 -2) ° Mechanical performance test: According to IS Ο 1 3 9 The tear test results of the 3 7 - 2 test are as follows, compared with some of the other products currently used in personal protective clothing in Table -22-201237229 3 - Table 3 - Fabric Performance Results Fabric Fabric Weight (fl/m2) Warp Tear Strength Weft Yarn Tear Strength Thermal Penetration Coefficient Short Time Water Vapor Absorption [Fi] Color Fastness Fabric of the Invention 260 75 74 170 10,0 5 Moda Acrylonitrile/Cotton 260 25 25 126 4.3 4 Flame Retardant Sexually treated cotton 340 28 29 139 9.1 3 Aramid 260 51 49 109 2.3 3-4 The fabric of the present invention has a higher tear strength than most other materials on the market. Comfort test: according to the results of Table 3 Alambeta - Thermal penetration coefficient: Take the fabric to test its comfort. The Alambeta test measures the rate of conduction of body heat through the fabric. Fabrics with a high thermal penetration coefficient feel cooler and this makes them more comfortable to wear. Referring to the results of Table 3, the fabric of the present invention exhibits the highest thermal penetration coefficient, resulting in the touch of the coolest fabric. Short-term water vapor absorption Fi: The fabric uses a human skin model device to test short-term water vapor absorption (Fi) according to EN ISO 31092. High water absorption indicates that the fabric can properly manage moisture in its environment. This helps keep your body dry and cool. Referring to the results of Table 3, the fabric of the present invention exhibited the highest short-term water vapor absorption effect, resulting in optimum wearing comfort. This can help avoid the risk of heat stress -23- 201237229 and improve the physiology of the wearer. Color fastness test: Due to the use of 1%% spun dyed fiber or high quality dyeing procedures, high color fastness is achieved' so the color is not removed or worn. Example 2 A fabric was evaluated subjectively according to Example 1 of the present invention and compared to a commercially available fabric for personal protective clothing. The results are provided in the last column of Table 4. The scoring system in this table is 1 to 3: 1 = poor, 3 = good. The fabric of Example 1 was given the highest score at each parameter evaluation. No other fabrics evaluated have reached the same high level of evaluation. -24- 201237229 Table 4 - Properties of Common Personal Protective Clothing Fabrics Compared with Example 1 Flame Retardant Cotton Flame Retardant Cotton / PA Flame Retardant Polymer / Cotton MAC / Cotton MAC / Cotton Polyamide MAC / Resistant Long Polyester 100% - Aramid - Aramid / Pair - Aramid I Μ !ι 酲膣ί^τ ll $u Bowl mn Sheng 淞 Protection inherent flame retardancy 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 Cracking performance 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 3 3 Insulation 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 Arc protection 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 Metal splash protection iron 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 Mechanical Durability of properties: tear resistance 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 pilling 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 attrition 1 2 2 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 t fiber energy: thermal properties 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 3 3 User function 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 F Fit: Moisture absorption 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 3 Cool touch 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 Forced smear 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 Color fastness 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 2 3 Color range 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 1 2 3 Fabric printability 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 Cleaning performance Cleaning stable 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 Low cleaning shrinkage 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 Ring Sustainability OKOTEX Standard 100 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 Resiliency 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 "Affordability 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 2 3 MAC = Moda Acrylonitrile-25 -