201237161 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種蒸顧塔的技術領域，特別是適用於含水 的液態混合物，例如酒、生質酒精或糠醇等物質的提純蒸顧塔 及其蒸餾方式。 【先前技術】 生質物質中’只要含有可發酵性糖，如蔗糖、葡萄糖、麥 芽糖、果糖、薄多糖等的’皆可以用來製造生質酒精。因 有可轉變為發酵性糖的原料，如甘蔗、甜菜、甜高粱等含糖 物’或含殿粉質的原料’如玉米、小麥、大麥、稻米、$5、 燕麥等糧榖類，和甘藷、樹薯、馬鈴薯等薯類，以及富維 素的稻稈、稻殼、玉米桿、麥桿、蔗渣、廢木塊、林木廢棄物、 樹葉等’都可加以利用。透過蒸煮以破壞植物組織，釋放儲 在植物細胞内的澱粉粒，然後再經過糖化過程，把澱粉質 轉化為糖，之後進入糖蜜發酵製程，再經由生物分解發酵、、蒗 餾、脫水，便能產製成酒精。 … 一般生質物質直接經酵母菌發酵製成約12%〜17%的 生質酒精，再經過蒸潑提高濃度到9〇%〜95%。傳統 是藉由多個蒸館塔相連，並依序進行第一次蒸館、第二次基ς f或第三次蒸鱗。其所需設備較多，讀成本高、佔用= 大空間，而且需要較長的蒸餾時間。 权 中國專利CN2_45377揭示-種高效雜細塔組 ^個或兩個以上的難塔、塔間冷卻塔和加鮮熱油 5故所述的蒸館塔包括塔身、塔膽蒸鶴裝置和塔底加叙裝 酒精尉ί與加熱裝置的接觸面積，使酒精原料得 刀加發，提高蒸餾效率，但其顯然是多個塔體的細 口，所以蒸餾設備所需要的空間大，而且蒸餾時間長。、、’ a勺利CN2197364揭示一種工業用的酒精蒸餾塔， 2括巧體、位於塔殼體上的酒汽出口管、原料進料管 π輸入管和顧管，制鍵在於所述的塔韻是由鐵板焊接^ 201237161 的整體結構’在塔殼體上設有人孔 工間=布的多通孔塔板，在每個塔 i有==歧。在順流板的下端對著的塔板處 蒸餾得設在架上。此設計所 板上。#會无留置於盛液盤’且溢滿後攤流在相鄰的塔 包括利創作系關於一種酒精蒸館器結構，係 之㈣:，未 ί發SC餾酒液中之醛類或其他雜質物者： 、 仗獅if日⑽目的係在提供-種低顧舰備，其具有在單-塔體的作频得高濃度蒸舰的功效。 、有在早 單-在提供—種低财*，其能夠在 _，藉此在較短的時間下取得高濃度的 苯潑2據：^述 =的與功效，本發騎揭示的_設備包含一 ‘试二，:”’、早疋配置在該蒸館塔内部；一預熱槽位在該蒸 ° ’ ’並且用以預置待蒸餾液體，·一連接管穿過該預埶 二Π咖_轉_; — ^:匕= 預熱槽，另一端伸入該塔體内。 己上述蒸館設備所使執行的蒸顧方法為在一預熱槽 其體；ί著將部份待蒸舰體注入蒸娜内，使 ，而完成蒸德的高溫氣體可被導人預熱槽内， 體的溫度；崎再將已提高溫度的待某館液 體注入4齡内與高溫的酒水_氣體混合並一同進行基館。 …广I即？據本發明的目的、功效及結構組態，舉出較ί實 施例，並配合圖式詳細說明。 权住貫 201237161 【實施方式】 閱第1圖1圖中揭示蒸館設備包含一蒸館塔1〇、-預熱槽20、一冷凝器30及一暫存槽4〇。 蒸餾塔10具有一塔體12，且在該塔體12的頂 蒸顧出口 14。其次_ 12的内紙余且設有複數個塔盤 些塔盤16分層地組設在塔體12的軸向。 一又一加熱單元18配置在組設在塔體12内部下 以是高溫蒸氣或是其他形式的熱媒。^二 熱早疋18可提供1〇〇度C以上的溫度。 " 預熱槽20位在蒸顧塔1〇的一側，其可用以容納待蒸館液 體22 ’例如酒、生質酒精或是糠醇等含水的混合物。… 的蒸顧ΪΪΤ4㈣穿過預熱槽2〇,且其-端連接蒸潑塔丨。 一供液管26係-端連接預熱槽2〇，另 的塔體12内。 ,π八為锱给川 其次，冷凝器30的入口端係用以結合連接管24 人 穿^預熱槽2G的連接管；暫存槽4G肋結合冷難如的^ 16a Hi第—2 f ^盤16係具有複數個貫穿構造的穿孔 而且在母-穿孔16的一側(如圖式 於擋面16b與塔盤16表面相離，所㈣=^ ^偷之間形成侧向通孔16c。其:欠，在塔盤16的側邊可 貫穿構造的的空孔⑹；該空孔⑹的孔徑明顯大於 成於盤16是單一片體;而穿孔⑹與空孔⑹皆形 16= 參第Λ圖，圖中揭示另—種塔片16的構成。該塔片 穿板17所組成，且各子板17的表面開設有 =16a形成有擋面16b。以各子板17組成 σ 其了使各子板17方便組裝於塔體内。 201237161 板丨姆喻配置子 熱槽20内。、有約义至2〇%的酒精濃度，並被置於預 基發ί待入蒸儲塔1〇内受加熱單元18加熱而 升過程，會逐二 由穿孔16a通過，所以塔盤16可以有效 田 :時效地增加蒸餾氣體留置在蒸餾塔二 =水;出口14可以取得的具有較高酒精濃度的 ^Ϊΐΐ4的是’高溫蒸館氣體係流入連接管24内，而且 二24可以穿過預熱槽20内部；因此高溫基館氣體可透 =接官24與預熱槽20 _待蒸傲液體22進行妖交換 蒸，液體22的溫度。此方式可以讓預熱槽2〇益需搭配 Ϊ卜Ϊίΐ兀件而能提高待蒸餾液體22的溫度，達到預埶效 ί田卜在’細的過財，因加熱單元18 _提供加執 作用’所以塔體12内為高溫高壓的狀態。 …、 接著將已提高溫度的待蒸館液體22由供液管26注入 ’使賴舰體>22與塔體12 _高溫的财蒸顧= 混a。此時可以降低塔體12内的溫度與壓力。 ’、 更重要的是，酒精的汽化溫度約在78 3度c， 溫度為100度C，而加熱單元18可以提供超過1〇〇产c =田 度’所以先前塔體12内部的溫度可升至約i⑻产C此= 皆可ί汽化但當待蒸顧液體22注二高溫狀態Ξ 。 且與/酉水蒸顧氣體混合後，先前的酒水蒸館氣體的⑺ 度可降至約9G度C(或更低)’此時酒精仍為汽化H，而大部 201237161 由蒸餾出口^結成水曰滴而落下，進而促使酒精與水分離；此時 成液鵰洒择所取得的高溫酒水蒸餾氣體再經冷凝器30凝結 雖未’ϋ轉在暫存槽4G n;崎濃度可達90%; 以降低精的程度，但已具有高的產業利用價值，且可 降低再精館成無水酒精的困難度。 餘t由於待蒸餾液體22已具有較高溫度，所以後續進行 態，@22^。22树崎㈣溫汽化狀 ，參閱第5 ® ’由於塔盤16上的穿孔⑹上方具有 的靜高溫蒸館氣體通過穿孔⑽時，其可受到擋面脱 然後再由側邊的側向通孔16c穿出；如此不但可以使蒸 7巧及均勻化，還可以有效地延緩蒸餾氣體上升速度， ^及提高受熱細時間，財祕提高蒸域齡的酒精濃 λ :再參閱第4圖，若塔盤16的穿孔16a受阻塞，而導致 蒸餾氣體無法通過穿孔16a，則蒸餾氣體可以穿過空孔16d ; 且因為相鄰塔盤16的空孔16d係對應成相錯狀，所以可增加 蒸餾氣體的行進路程，以提高蒸餾效果。 凊參閱第6圖，本發明可在塔盤16的一側配置一擋板19, 且擋板19的一端高於塔盤16的表面。 在一般穿孔16a呈現暢通的狀態下，擋板19具有局部限 制酒水蒸餾氣體通過空孔l6d ;然而當穿孔16a阻塞時，高溫 的酒水蒸餾氣體便可通過檔板19下緣的間隙i9a，然後再上 升通過空孔16d。是以配設擋板19可以增加高溫蒸餾氣體輿 塔盤16的碰撞機率與次數’並據此增加蒸餾時間及提高蒸甸 效果。此外擋板19搭配空孔16d的設計，可在穿孔i6a受尸且 塞時，使蒸餾塔仍保持可以正常運作。 另外，經適當計算後’本發明的穿孔16a孔徑與孔數的格 配可使待蒸餾液22流落到塔板16上時，逐漸累積成一酒水液 體層，如此高溫酒水蒸德氣體在通過穿孔16a與酒水液體； 201237161 2 19 — ” 2的_乳體混合以進行蒸館，同時降低顯氣體的、、 内的壓力，藉此使酒精與水分離，-=== 镏效果，並取得高酒精濃度的_氣體。 風蒸 以下^據本發明的使用狀態，可進一步歸納其蒸顧方法包含 «^參步驟S51係於一前述的預熱槽内注人待基 潑液體’該顧顧液體為含水的混合物 ； 糠醇等。本件說明書以生質酒精為實施^如/酉生質酒精或 典赦if S5i係將部份待細賴注人前述的蒸瓣内，使其 此時含酒精及水的驗氣體呈現高溫狀態，而 且不斷的與蒸餾峪内的塔盤碰撞而均勻化。 步驟S53是將完成蒸顧的高溫氣體導入 ，，體的溫度，·注得注意的是，「將高溫 可以疋利用前述的連接管穿過預熱槽的結構形式，使 體=寺蒸顧液體進行熱交換’也可以將部份的高溫蒸餘&混 ΐΪί潑液體内或預熱槽入。無論那一種形式皆無需以加献器 或加熱設備_待_液舰行加熱，故可以達省能&的 效果。 >步驟S54可再將已提尚溫度的待蒸館液體注入蒸館塔内 與高溫的細氣體混合並—同進行細；由於酒翻g化^度 低於水’所以若蒸餾氣體的溫度低於水的汽化溫度，且高於& 精的汽化溫度，則蒸餾氣體中大部份的水會凝結落下，如此在 蒸餾出口所取到的蒸餾氣體中便會含有較高比例的酒精濃度。 f用者可以重覆進行步驟S53及步驟S54以取得更多^高 漠度蒸館氣體。 137 步驟S55是將取自蒸餾出口的高溫蒸餾氣體導向一冷凝 201237161 =進行液化收集；而且所取到的液體可以存置在適當的暫存 以ίΐ明之較佳實施例以及設計圖式，惟較佳實施例 以®式僅是糊制，麟驗關本發明技藝之權利 ϋι凡以均等之技藝手段、或為下述「中請專利範圍」内容 所涵盍之獅綱而實施者，均不脫離本發明之齡 人之權利範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係本發明的結構示意圖。 第2圖係本發明塔盤結構示意圖。 第3圖係本發明塔盤的另一結構示意圖。 第4圖係本發明使用狀態示意圖。 第5圖係本發明蒸餾氣體通過塔盤受阻的狀態示意圖。 第6圖係本發明之塔盤配置擋板及蒸餾氣體運動狀態示意圖。 第7圖係本發明蒸顧方法的步驟方塊圖蒸潑。 【主要元件符號說明】 12塔體 16塔盤 16b擔面 ⑹空孔 18加熱單元 20預熱槽 24連接管 30冷凝器 10蒸餾塔 14蒸餾出口 16a穿孔 16c侧向通孔 Π子板 19擋板 22待蒸餾液體 26供液管 40暫存槽201237161 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field of the invention] The present invention relates to the technical field of a steam tower, in particular to a liquid mixture of water, such as wine, raw alcohol or sterol, and a purification steam tower. Its distillation method. [Prior Art] The raw material can be used to produce bio-alcohol as long as it contains fermentable sugars such as sucrose, glucose, maltose, fructose, and thin polysaccharide. Because there are raw materials that can be converted into fermentable sugar, such as sugar cane, sugar beet, sweet sorghum and other sugar-containing materials or materials containing temple powder such as corn, wheat, barley, rice, $5, oats and other cereals, and sweet potatoes Potatoes such as cassava and potato, as well as stalks, rice husks, corn stalks, straw, bagasse, waste wood, forest waste, leaves, etc., can be utilized. By cooking to destroy the plant tissue, releasing the starch granules stored in the plant cells, and then undergoing the saccharification process, converting the starchy sugar into sugar, and then entering the molasses fermentation process, and then through biodegradation fermentation, distillation, dehydration, Produced into alcohol. ... The general biomass is directly fermented by yeast to make about 12%~17% of the raw alcohol, and then the concentration is increased to 9〇%~95% by steaming. Tradition is connected by a plurality of steaming towers, and the first steaming hall, the second base f or the third steaming scale are sequentially performed. It requires a lot of equipment, high reading cost, large occupancy space, and requires a long distillation time. China Patent CN2_45377 discloses that a high-efficiency mixed tower group consists of one or more difficult towers, an inter-tower cooling tower and fresh hot oil. The steaming tower includes the tower body, the tower bile steaming crane and the tower. The contact area between the alcohol and the heating device is increased, and the alcohol raw material is added to the knife to increase the distillation efficiency. However, it is obviously a fine mouth of a plurality of tower bodies, so the space required for the distillation equipment is large, and the distillation time is long. . , a spoon Lee CN2197364 discloses an industrial alcohol distillation tower, 2 a clever body, a wine steam outlet pipe located on the tower casing, a raw material feed pipe π input pipe and a Gu pipe, and the key is in the tower The rhyme is welded by iron plate ^ 201237161's overall structure 'multiple through-hole trays with manholes = cloth on the tower shell, with == ambiguity in each tower i. It is distilled on the tray at the lower end of the downstream plate. This design is on the board. #会不留在液液盘' and overflowing in the adjacent towers after the overflow, including the Lie creation department on the structure of an alcohol steaming machine, the system (4):, the aldehydes or other in the SC distilling liquor Impurities: 仗 if if (10) aims to provide - a kind of low-ship ship, which has the effect of high-concentration steamboats in the single-tower body. There is in the early single-in-providing--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Including a 'test two,: '', early 疋 is arranged inside the steaming tower; a preheating tank is located in the steaming '' and is used to preset the liquid to be distilled, and a connecting pipe passes through the pre-twisting咖_转_; — ^:匕= preheating tank, the other end of the tower into the body. The steaming method that has been carried out by the above steaming equipment is a preheating tank; The steaming hull is injected into the steaming na, so that the high-temperature gas that completes the steaming can be introduced into the preheating tank, and the temperature of the body; and the liquid that has been heated to the temperature of the museum is injected into the drinking water of 4 years old and the high temperature. The gas is mixed and carried out together with the base. The broad purpose of the present invention is based on the object, the function and the structural configuration of the present invention, and the detailed description is given in conjunction with the drawings. 权住贯201237161 [Embodiment] Read the first 1 shows that the steaming plant comprises a steaming tower 1 , a preheating tank 20 , a condenser 30 and a temporary storage tank 4 . The tower body 12, and the outlet 14 is distilled at the top of the tower body 12. The inner paper of the second layer 12 is provided with a plurality of trays, and the trays 16 are layered in the axial direction of the tower body 12. A heating unit 18 is disposed under the tower body 12 to be a high temperature vapor or other form of heat medium. The second heat 18 can provide a temperature above 1 degree C. " Preheating tank 20 positions On the side of the steaming tower 1 ,, it can be used to accommodate the water-containing mixture of the liquid 22' to be steamed, such as wine, raw alcohol or sterol. The steaming ΪΪΤ4(4) of the steaming chamber passes through the preheating tank 2〇, and - The end of the liquid supply pipe 26 is connected to the preheating tank 2 〇, and the other tower body 12 is inside. The π 八 is the 锱 锱 川 , and the inlet end of the condenser 30 is used to join the connecting pipe. 24 people wear the connecting tube of the preheating tank 2G; the temporary storage tank 4G rib combined with the cold and difficult ^ 16a Hi - 2 f ^ disc 16 series has a plurality of perforations of the penetrating structure and on the side of the mother-perforation 16 ( As shown in the figure, the surface 16b is separated from the surface of the tray 16, and the lateral through hole 16c is formed between the (4) and the thief. It is: owed, the hollow hole (6) of the structure can be penetrated on the side of the tray 16; The The aperture of the hole (6) is significantly larger than that of the disk 16 which is a single piece; and the perforation (6) and the hole (6) are both shaped 16= Λ , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 。 。 。 。 。 。 The composition is provided, and the surface of each of the sub-boards 17 is opened and 16b is formed with a blocking surface 16b. The sub-boards 17 are composed of σ, which facilitates assembly of the sub-boards 17 in the tower body. 201237161 丨 喻 配置 配置 配置 配置 热 热Inside, there is an alcohol concentration of about 2%, and is placed in the pre-basic ί into the steam storage tower 1 受 heated by the heating unit 18 and rises, will pass through the perforation 16a twice, so the tray 16 can be effective field: aging to increase the distillation gas in the distillation tower 2 = water; outlet 14 can obtain a higher alcohol concentration of ^ Ϊΐΐ 4 is 'high temperature steaming gas system into the connecting pipe 24, and the second 24 can wear The inside of the preheating tank 20; therefore, the high temperature base gas can pass through = the contact 24 and the preheating tank 20 _ to be steamed and proud liquid 22 to exchange steam, the temperature of the liquid 22. This method can make the preheating tank 2 need to be combined with the ΐ兀 Ϊ ΐ兀 而 而 而 而 能 能 能 能 能 能 能 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί ί 'So the inside of the tower body 12 is in a state of high temperature and high pressure. ..., then the liquid to be steamed 22 of the increased temperature is injected from the liquid supply pipe 26 to "make the ship body" 22 mixed with the tower body 12 _ high temperature. At this time, the temperature and pressure in the tower body 12 can be lowered. ', more importantly, the vaporization temperature of alcohol is about 78 3 degrees c, the temperature is 100 degrees C, and the heating unit 18 can provide more than 1 〇〇 c = field degree' so the temperature inside the tower 12 can rise To about i (8) production C this = can be vaporized but when the liquid is to be poured 22 high temperature state Ξ. After mixing with the steaming gas, the (7) degree of the previous steaming steam can be reduced to about 9G degrees C (or lower). At this time, the alcohol is still vaporized H, and most of the 201237161 is formed by the distillation outlet. The water dripping drops and then separating the alcohol from the water; at this time, the high-temperature distilled water obtained by the liquid-cutting process is condensed by the condenser 30, although it is not transferred to the temporary storage tank 4G n; %; to reduce the degree of precision, but has a high industrial use value, and can reduce the difficulty of re-smelting into anhydrous alcohol. Since the liquid 22 to be distilled has a higher temperature, the subsequent state is @22^. 22 Shuqi (4) warm vaporization, see section 5 ® 'Because the static high temperature steaming gas above the perforation (6) on the tray 16 passes through the perforation (10), it can be removed by the retaining surface and then by the side lateral through hole 16c wears out; this can not only make the steaming and homogenization, but also effectively delay the rising rate of the distillation gas, and increase the temperature of the heat, and increase the concentration of alcohol in the steaming age: see Figure 4 again. The perforation 16a of the tray 16 is blocked, and the distillation gas cannot pass through the perforations 16a, so that the distillation gas can pass through the pores 16d; and since the pores 16d of the adjacent trays 16 correspond to the phase error, the distillation can be increased. The travel of the gas to improve the distillation effect. Referring to Fig. 6, the present invention can be provided with a baffle 19 on one side of the tray 16, and one end of the baffle 19 is higher than the surface of the tray 16. In a state where the general perforation 16a is unobstructed, the baffle 19 has a partial restriction of the distilled water of the wine through the hollow hole 16d; however, when the perforation 16a is blocked, the high-temperature distilled water of the wine can pass through the gap i9a of the lower edge of the baffle 19, and then Rise through the hole 16d. By arranging the baffle 19, the collision probability and the number of times of the high-temperature distillation gas 舆 tray 16 can be increased, and the distillation time can be increased and the steaming effect can be improved accordingly. In addition, the baffle 19 is designed with the hole 16d so that the distillation tower can still operate normally when the perforation i6a is subjected to the corpse and the plug. In addition, after proper calculation, the arrangement of the pore size and the number of pores of the perforation 16a of the present invention allows the liquid to be distilled 22 to gradually accumulate into a liquid layer of the wine when it flows onto the tray 16, so that the high-temperature wine vapor is passed through the perforation 16a. With the liquor liquid; 201237161 2 19 — ” 2 _ milk mixed to carry out the steaming, while reducing the pressure of the gas, the internal pressure, thereby separating the alcohol from the water, -=== 镏 effect, and achieve high alcohol The concentration of _ gas. The steaming is as follows. According to the state of use of the present invention, it can be further summarized that the steaming method comprises the step of "injecting the liquid into the preheating tank of the aforementioned step S51". Aqueous mixture; sterol, etc. This manual uses bio-alcohol as the implementation of ^such as / 酉 酉 酒精 或 赦 赦 赦 if if if if if if if if if if if if if if if The test gas is in a high temperature state, and is continuously homogenized by colliding with the tray in the distillation crucible. Step S53 is to introduce the high temperature gas that has been distilled, and the temperature of the body, and note that "the high temperature can be疋Using the aforementioned Take over the structure of the preheating tank, so that the body = temple steaming liquid for heat exchange' can also be part of the high temperature steaming & mixing liquid in the liquid or preheating tank. No form is required Adding device or heating device _ Waiting for the liquid ship to heat up, so it can achieve the effect of energy saving &> Step S54 can then inject the liquid to be steamed in the steaming tower and high temperature fine gas Mixing and - fine; because the wine is lower than water', so if the temperature of the distillation gas is lower than the vaporization temperature of water and higher than the vaporization temperature of the fine, most of the water in the distillation gas It will condense and fall, so that the distillation gas taken at the distillation outlet will contain a higher proportion of alcohol concentration. The user can repeat step S53 and step S54 to obtain more high-moisture steaming gas. Step S55 is to direct the high-temperature distillation gas taken from the distillation outlet to a condensation 201237161 = liquefaction collection; and the liquid obtained can be stored in a suitable temporary storage and the preferred embodiment and design drawings, but the preferred embodiment Example with the ® formula is only System, as claimed in Lin border inspection of skill in the art where the present invention ϋι means of equalization, or by the following "Please patentable scope" SUMMARY Lion Gang He encompassed under a practitioner, without departing from the scope of the present invention is the age of the person claimed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the tray of the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic view showing another structure of the tray of the present invention. Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the state of use of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a view showing a state in which the distillation gas of the present invention is blocked by a tray. Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the movement state of the tray configuration baffle and the distillation gas of the present invention. Figure 7 is a block diagram of the steps of the steaming method of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 12 tower body 16 tray 16b bearing surface (6) hole 18 heating unit 20 preheating tank 24 connecting tube 30 condenser 10 distillation column 14 distillation outlet 16a perforation 16c lateral through hole dice plate 19 baffle 22 liquid to be distilled 26 liquid supply tube 40 temporary storage tank