201224312 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種燒結含 於各種用途之馬達、電子機=承，其適合作 4 η ό 益或電源設備算之冷 μ風扇馬達的軸承，即使在高 持潤滑性能。 Γ忧之下，亦能 【先前技術】 用於電子機器等之冷卻的軸 ^ 框形機殼之中央部固定達，羽馬達，係 片(風扇)的構造。當其轉子上安裝 轉而在機殼b勁电路通電時， 任機成與馬達之間的間隙 流。軸流風扇馬達係設置 ^疋方向 由朝殼體内機益卓之外殼等 入外部空氣或者 電子機器等之A名卩^ , θ徘出成體内之空氣 中，轴流風“、查 在排出殼體内之空氣 情況，且運轉時皿度^兄有㈣80〜i〇〇°c 下保持良好之耐：’所以’需要一種能在該溫 r f之耐久性的軸承。 關於該細、;* ή 者(例如，參：：屬馬達之轴承，有使用燒結含 達之軸承係，由=特開平10一號公報)。 成，並且是在^或鐵-青銅系之多孔質燒結合 合物係碳化上内含浸有潤滑組合物者，該 作為辦姻Μ 成油或於碳化氫系合成油中 增稠劑的今屬 境中夺期蚀： 而成者。但1，在如上述之 兄Τ長期使用的4主 能降低會出現容易引起 熱而引起的嫌.、觸增大、摩擦力增大、隨著軸承 ‘、 餐/由之劣化、氧化磨耗等的現象。 為使用 卻的車由 長期維 具有在 旋轉翼 轉子旋 的空氣 上，藉 而進行 的用途 左右之 度壤境 油軸承 此種馬 金所構 潤滑組 混合了 南溫環 潤滑性 部之發 -3- 201224312 因此，要求能有一種在高溫環境下亦能達到長壽 =扇馬達。換言之，探索一種需要讓所使用之軸承壽 k長，且即使在高溫環境下亦可保證潤滑性期穩定， 會產生燒附或磨耗之燒結軸承與含浸於氣孔内的潤 級合物之組合，已成為一項課題。 / 作為此種潤滑組合物，有於碳化氫系合成油中混 了作為増稠劑的金屬皂而成的潤滑組合物。然而，— 之多孔質燒結合金的氣孔孔徑為1 00 " m左右，相對 ，，所使用之金屬皂之粒徑為數十# m至數百# m，其 夕孔質燒結合金的氣孔孔徑還大。因此，增稠劑無法 入多孔質燒結合金的氣孔内，而變得無法通過氣孔對 滑面供給增稠劑。亦即，潤滑面上係以基礎油作為主體 所以油膜強度降低，且軸承與旋轉軸成為容易金屬接 之潤滑狀態’就潤滑性而言並不理想。 【發明内容】 本發明係鑒於上述狀況而提出者，其目的在於提 一種燒結含油軸承，在使由增稠劑及基礎油構成之油 狀湖滑組合物含浸於多孔質燒結合金的氣孔内而成之 繞結含油軸承中，增稠劑朝向軸承潤滑面之供給不會 阻。 本發明係使由增稠劑與基礎油作為基本構成之油 狀潤滑組合物含浸於多孔質燒結合金的氣孔内而成之 、,、。3油轴承其特彳攻為·該油脂狀潤滑組合物中之增稠 的粒徑係比該多孔質燒結合金的氣孔孔徑還小。 的 命 並 滑 合 般 於 比 進 潤 觸 供 脂 該 受 脂 燒 劑 -4 - 201224312 乃外，該 態樣為，增稠劑量對基礎油量是：重量比表示時之較佳 ^ 0·2〜2質量％的範圍。 此外，較佳態樣為：該多孔質 3〇〜、m，該油脂狀潤滑•且心'、。合金之氣孔孔徑為 由雷射繞射散射型粒度分布測4^增_劑的粒徑’係 徑小於3〇^，該基礎油係多：：置所測得，其最大粒 α聚稀煙油之合成油中的任一者：§曰油或多元醇醋油與 度之範圍為20〜100mm2/s。 在40 C時的動態黏 如此，在使由增稠劑與基礎油 狀潤滑組合物含浸於多孔質燒沾人為土本構成之油脂 燒結含油軸承中，可形成使該:内而成之該 稠劑的粒徑比該多孔質燒結合金二，4 '月、卫合物中之增 狀潤滑組合物含浸於多孔質燒結A:孔孔杈還小的油脂 因為、稠劑進入氣孔内而供給於 措止 溫度較高之環境下，亦可提供潤即使在 軸永i表 a f生良好且磨耗量少之 :，尤其是適合於轴流風扇馬達使用若使用於 /爪風扇馬達，則可有助於提 、 靠度。 n馬達之耐久性、提高可 【實施方式】 人以下，說明本發明之較佳實施形態。 (1)含浸之油脂狀潤滑組合物 =由該多孔質燒結合金構成之軸承形成較佳組合 期維：广滑組合物’即使在溫度較高之環境下亦能長 、_ '良好的潤滑性能’並且其基礎油係多元醇酯油或 兀醇能油與α聚烯烴油之合成油中的任一者。藉由將 -5- 201224312 基礎油之黏度設低’可在低速條件下 油脂狀潤滑組合物。然而，在黏度設 會增加油脂狀潤滑組合物之洩漏量 低，而使得金屬接觸增大，於軸承產4 在基礎油之黏度設高之情況下，變得 難以自軸承内流出。另外，因黏性阻 軸承之摩擦係數增高。因此，在4(rc 20〜100mm2/s的範圍。油脂狀潤滑組 方法含浸於該多孔質燒結合金之軸承 (2)增稠劑 /由月曰狀潤滑組合物係含有〇. 2〜 劑。在增稠劑方面，有屬各種油脂或 鋰皂、鈉皂、鈣皂、鋁皂等之金屬肥 機系非肥皂、無機系非肥皂等。在增 一種能廉價且穩定供給之耐熱性較高 能與基礎油形成一體而不會另人感覺 構造較為適宜。從分散性、耐熱性及 慮，以鋰皂最為適宜。另外，藉由使 油脂類組合，可獲得各種性能之油脂。 可列舉牛脂、棕櫊油、椰子油等之天 麻硬化油等之天然動植物油氫化而成 等油分解而得之各種脂肪酸等。除此 二酸、癸二酸等之二羧酸或安息香酸 族羧酸、合成樹脂酸等。尤其是將篦 酸、由十八酸及鐘構成之肥皂作為增 耐熱及耐水以外，其機械穩定性亦良4 容易朝滑動面供給 定過低之情況下’ ，且潤滑膜強度降 L異常。另一方面， 油脂狀潤滑組合物 力之增大，而使得 時的動態黏度是在 合物係藉由通常之 内。 2.0質量％之增稠 脂肪酸之金屬鹽的 皂；合成肥皂；有 稠劑方面，雖要求 的物質，但以製作 不均等感之程度的 潤滑性等的觀點考 鋰與一種或數種之 有關此種油脂類， 然動植物油、將篦 的硬化油、及將此 以外，還可使用己 ，水揚酸等之芳香 麻硬化油或其脂肪 病劑之油脂，除了 -6- 201224312 右^祠劑之含量小於0.2質量％，則無法獲得作為固 體潤滑性之效果。# 禾右超過0.2質量％，則表觀黏度增高， 9 、、其 JhV λ· 3 /又於夕孔質燒結合金中使用的情況下，其摩 擦係數增高。 ' /增祠劑係設成含浸粒徑是比多孔質燒結合金之氣孔 孔裣還小的物質而成之組合。藉此，增稠劑可進入氣孔 内’並通過氣孔而使得增稠劑之出入變得容易。亦即， 因為朝澗滑面供给基礎油及增稠劑所以，油膜強度增 回，可減低軸承與旋轉軸之金屬接觸。藉此，可維持良 好之潤滑性，可減少摩擦。於本發明中，以多孔質燒結 &金之氣孔孔徑為3 〇〜1 $ 〇 "爪，且有關該增稠劑的粒徑 是以最大粒徑小於3〇"m者較適宜。 (實施例） 以下’藉由貫施例及比較例來進一步地詳細說明本 發明。 [增稠劑粒徑之適當範圍] 首先’調查油脂狀潤滑組合物中含有之增稠劑的粒 k之適田乾圍。準備_325〜+I50mesh的還原鐵粉、_350 〜+200meSh的電解銅粉、錫粉之各金屬粉末及成型潤滑 劑（十胃八駄鋅粉），作為軸承原料粉末。使各金屬粉末以 規疋里配合，並對此等金屬粉末追加Q 5質量％之成型潤 滑劑而予混合。缺狳，從 …、设將此混合粉末壓縮成型於内徑為 3mm、外徑為8mm、全县盔，Λ 王贫马10mm之圓筒體中，並進行 燒結及精壓加工。燒結係在 丑虱軋與氮氣之混合氣體中且 在燒結溫度780°C下進行，# , ^ 並以通㊉之方法進行精壓加 201224312 工。其中，密度為6.4Mg/m3，有效空隙率為2〇 5%，多 孔質燒結合金之氣孔孔徑為3〇〜15〇 # m的範圍。 作為多孔質燒結合金之成份，係組織呈鐵相與銅合 金相之斑狀金屬組織，且鐵為2〇〜6〇質量％、銅合金為 80〜40質置％較為適宜。又，以鐵為4〇質量％左右、銅 合金為60質量。/。左右更為適宜。若合金中之鐵的含量小 於20資里〇/〇’則與由銅系燒結合金製作之軸承的耐磨耗 I·生比杈，其提升的’程度少，若超過6〇質量％，則與旋轉 軸之潤滑性降低，摩擦係數增高，所以，將鐵的含量設 在20〜60質量％之範圍内。本實施例之多孔質燒結合金 係含鐵量為45質量％，且鋼合金組成中之含錫量為4質 量％者。 使用通常之減壓含浸裝置將油脂狀潤滑組合物含浸 於此轴承試料。油脂狀潤滑組合物係以多元醇酯油作為 基礎油’增稍劑為鐘金屬皂。此種油脂狀潤滑組合物係 在向溫環境下使用’所以發現其容易被氧化而會產生沉 屬又物。在此’使油脂狀潤滑組合物含有〇丨〜5 〇質量0/〇 之苯盼系氧化防止劑及〇 i〜5 〇質量％之胺系氧化防止 Μ作為氧化防止劑’藉以防止氧化引起之沉澱物的產生 °苯紛系氧化防止劑或胺系氧化防止劑單體的效果 J、。另外’若兩者分別小於〇」質量％，則不會有效果， 而若分別添加5_〇質量％以上，亦看不到高於上述的效 。本實施例係添加了 1 · 〇質量％之苯酚系氧化防止劑及 2 · 〇質量％之胺系氧化防止劑。 201224312 鍾金屬皂係在使溫度上昇至融點以上之後的冷卻製 程中’藉由改變冷卻速度，而可穫得不同之粒徑。在冷 卻製私中’若放置而冷卻時’可獲得粒徑增大、形狀呈 纖維狀且細粒徑與大粒徑混合在一起而成的增稠劑。若 在冷部製程中急速冷卻時，可獲得粒徑變小且具有針狀 形狀之微細鐘金屬4。 〃勺故域：今、尸；r馒得之纖雒狀的增稠 劑，實施例1〜2為經急速冷卻所獲得之針狀形狀的增稠 ，。增稠劑之粒徑係利用堀場製作所（股）製LA-300測 疋’、最大粒徑有200#!!!、12〇//m、5〇"m、以以爪及 10//m5種。另冰 _ 力外’增稠劑之平均粒徑係以下式所求得， 分別為90、50、1〇、5及^爪。 平均粒徑⑺xX⑺卜Mq⑴} J:粒彳空分割蝙號 q(J):頻率分布值 ):號粒僅範圍的代表粒徑("… …大潤滑組合物“ 50mm2/s。試驗方 予之動心黏度約為 ^ Μ κ 、’將喊驗用的轴水平地固定於藉g 達奴轉驅動之軸的固 丁 U疋於錯馬 軸嵌合，在將垂直方 ^，使軸承固定於機殼上且與 .旋轉，使用可剛量#二之何重施加於機殼之狀態下使軸 量摩擦係數，列出：：於軸承機殼上之轉矩的裝置來測 磨耗量。旋轉轴（知、_ * 數及试驗後之軸承 I軸）係經執虛 SUS420J2材質且矣t ’’、、 後的麻田散鐵系不鏽鋼 只ι表面粗度吻或 80 t：，並將軸之榦 ，3S。周圍溫度係保持為 速設為5_rpm，負荷面廢設為 -9- 201224312 0· 1 MPa，並運轉i 000小時。軸承磨耗量係試驗前之轴承 内徑尺寸與運轉1 〇〇〇小時後的轴承内徑尺寸之差。 表1顯示試驗之結果。實施例1及2之摩擦係數及 磨耗量小’但比較例1〜3之摩擦係數及磨耗量增大。另 外’經對比較例1〜3進行比較後得知，增稠劑之最大粒 徑越大，則摩擦係數及磨耗量變越大。實施例1及2中 的增稠劑之粒徑均比多孔質燒結合金的氣孔孔徑小，所 以’增稠劑可進入氣孔内’且通過多孔質燒結合金之任 一氣孔進行出入，可將增稠劑與基礎油一起供給於潤滑 面。因此，認為此係能減低軸承與旋轉軸之金屬接觸， 減小摩擦係數及磨耗量的原因。從實施例1及2中可知， 作為增稠劑之粒徑，以粒徑越小而越能容易地出入於氣 孔較為適宜。又’比較例1〜3係含浸有比多孔質燒結合 金之最大氣孔孔徑1 5 0 // m還小的增稠劑。然而，此等 增稿劑無法從多孔質燒結合金的所有氣孔内出入，所 以’造成供給至潤滑面的增稠劑減少，藉此，可認為這 正是潤滑面上基礎油之比例增多，所以油膜強度降低’ 軸承與旋轉軸容易發生金屬接觸，造成了摩擦係數及磨 耗量之增大的原因。 如此’增稠劑之最大粒徑設成比多孔質燒結合金之 氣孔孔徑還小的油脂狀潤滑組合物與多孔質燒結合金之 組合’可通過氣孔朝潤滑面供給增稠劑，所以，其潤滑 性良好，而可減低軸承磨耗。 201224312 表1 試料 增稠劑 含量(％) 增稍劑粒徑(μηι) 增稠劑形狀 40°C時之 動態黏度 摩擦係數 磨耗量（//m) 最大粒徑 平均粒徑 (mm2/S) 比較例1 0.5 200 90 纖維狀 50 0.35 5.0 比較例2 0.5 120 50 纖維狀 50 0.30 3.5 比較例3 0.5 50 10 纖維狀 50 0.20 2.0 實施例1 0.5 25 5 針狀 50 0.12 0.5 實施例2 0.5 10 1 針狀 50 0.11 0.5 比較例4 0.1 25 5 針狀 50 0.30 2.0 實施例3 0.2 25 5 針狀 50 0.13 0.5 實施例4 1.0 25 5 針狀 50 0.15 0.5 實施例5 2.0 25 5 針狀 50 0.15 0.5 比較例5 2.5 25 5 針狀 50 0.30 0.5 比較例6 0.5 25 5 針狀 10 0.30 2.0 實施例6 0.5 25 5 針狀 20 0.12 0.5 實施例7 0.5 25 5 針狀 100 0.13 0.5 比較例7 0.5 25 5 針狀 150 0.35 0.5 [增稠劑含量之適當範圍] 其次，針對油脂狀潤滑組合物内含有之增稠劑含量 之適當範圍進行了調查。油脂狀潤滑組合物係以多元醇 酯油作為基礎油，增稠劑為鋰金屬皂，且是含量不同的 0.1〜2.5質量％6種。油脂狀潤滑組合物在40°c時之動態 黏度約為50mm2/s。增稠劑之粒徑係利用堀場製作所（股） 製LA-3 00所測得，其最大粒徑為25 // m，平均粒徑為5 // m。另外，油脂狀潤滑組合物含有1.0質量％之苯酚系 氧化防止劑及2.0質量％之胺系氧化防止劑。含浸有油脂 狀潤滑組合物之試驗軸承係與上述為相同之軸承試料， -11- 201224312 其密度為6.4Mg/m3，有效空隙率為20.5%，多孔質燒結 合金之氣孔孔徑的範圍為3 0〜1 5 0 // m。轴承試驗方法係 與上述試驗方法相同，測量出運轉初期之摩擦係數及運 轉1 0 0 0小時後之軸承磨耗量。 表1 一併顯示其試驗之結果。實施例3、1、4、5之 摩擦係數低且磨耗量亦小。相對於此，比較例4之摩擦 係數高且磨耗量亦大。可認為這是因為增稠劑的含量為 少於0.1質量％，所以，油膜強度降低，軸承與旋轉軸容 易發生金屬接觸，而使得摩擦係數及磨耗量增大的緣 故。比較例5之磨耗量小，但摩擦係數高。可認為這是 因為增稠劑的含量多，表觀黏度高的原因所造成的緣 故。從此等結果可知，以增稠劑之含量為0.2〜2質量％ 較為適宜。 [基礎油黏度之適當範圍] 其次，針對油脂狀潤滑組合物之基礎油黏度的適當 範圍進行了調查。油脂狀潤滑組合物係以多元醇酯油作 為基礎油，增稠劑為裡金屬皂，含量為0.5質量％。增稠 劑之粒徑係與上述方法相同，以堀場製作所（股）製 LA-300所測得，其最大粒徑為25 // m，平均粒徑為5 // m。在 40°C 時之動態黏度為 10、20、50、100、150mm2/s 之不同的5種。含浸有油脂狀潤滑組合物之試驗軸承係 與上述為相同之軸承試料。另外，軸承試驗方法係與上 述試驗方法相同，測量出運轉初期之摩擦係數及運轉 1 0 0 0小時後之軸承磨耗量。 -12- 201224312 表1 一併顯示其試驗結果。實施例6、1、 係數低且磨耗量亦小。相對於此，比較例6之 高且磨耗量亦大。可認為這是因為動態黏度低J 之，所以，油膜強度不足，軸承與旋轉軸容易 接觸的緣故。比較例7之磨耗量小，但摩擦係 認為這是因為動態黏度高達1 50mm2/s，所以， 高，但因為黏度過高，而使得摩擦係數增高之 此等結果可知，以油脂狀潤滑組合物在4 0 °C時 度為20〜100mm2/s較為適宜。 本發明之燒結含油軸承係適合於風扇馬達 使用於風扇馬達，則可有助於提升馬達之耐久 可靠度。 【圖式簡單說明】 益 〇 【主要元件符號說明】 無。 7之摩擦 摩擦係數 .10mm2/s 發生金屬 數高。可 油膜強度 緣故。從 之動態黏 使用，若 性及提升 -13-201224312 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a bearing for sintering a motor, an electronic machine, which is suitable for use in various applications, and which is suitable as a cooling fan motor of a 4 η 益 or power supply device. Even at high holding performance. Under the circumstance, it is also possible. [Prior Art] The shaft of the frame for the cooling of electronic equipment, etc., is fixed at the center of the frame, and the structure of the feather motor and the film (fan). When the rotor is mounted and turned on while the casing b is energized, any gap between the machine and the motor flows. The axial fan motor is set in the direction of the external air or electronic equipment such as the outer casing of the casing, and the θ is discharged into the air in the body. The air in the housing is exhausted, and the operating degree is good. (4) 80~i〇〇°c maintains good resistance: 'So' requires a bearing that can withstand the durability of the temperature rf. * ή 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者 者If the system is carbonized and impregnated with a lubricating composition, it is used as a thickener in the formation of oil or in a hydrocarbon-based synthetic oil. It is the result of the eclipse: but, as in the above The long-term use of the four masters of the brother-in-law can reduce the suspicion caused by heat, increase the contact, increase the friction, and deteriorate with the bearing ', the meal / the deterioration, the oxidation wear, etc. The vehicle is used by the long-term dimension on the air that is swirled on the rotor of the rotary wing. Right-degree soil oil bearing This kind of Ma Jin's lubrication group is mixed with the South-East Ring Lubrication Department -3- 201224312 Therefore, it is required to have a long life in the high temperature environment = fan motor. In other words, explore a kind It is necessary to make the bearing used for a long life, and to ensure a stable lubricity period even in a high temperature environment, a combination of a sintered bearing that is burned or worn and a run-up compound impregnated in the air hole has become a The lubricating composition is a lubricating composition in which a metal soap as a thickener is mixed with a hydrocarbon-based synthetic oil. However, the pore diameter of the porous sintered alloy is 100 " m is about, relatively, the metal soap used has a particle diameter of several tens of meters to several hundreds of meters, and the pore-pore pore size of the sulphide sintered alloy is large. Therefore, the thickener cannot enter the pores of the porous sintered alloy. In the inside, it becomes impossible to supply the thickener to the sliding surface through the pores. That is, the lubricating oil is mainly composed of the base oil, so that the strength of the oil film is lowered, and the bearing and the rotating shaft become a metal-bonded lubrication state. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a sintered oil-impregnated bearing in which an oily lake-slip composition composed of a thickener and a base oil is impregnated. In the oil-impregnated bearing formed by the pores of the porous sintered alloy, the supply of the thickener to the lubricating surface of the bearing is not hindered. The present invention impregnates the oil-like lubricating composition which is composed of a thickener and a base oil as a basic constituent. In the pores of the porous sintered alloy, the oil-impregnated composition has a thickened particle size which is smaller than the pore diameter of the porous sintered alloy. The life and the slip-like ratio of the fat-burning agent - 201224312 is the same, the thickening dose is the best for the base oil: the weight ratio is better ^ 0 · 2 ~2% by mass range. Further, in a preferred embodiment, the porous material is 3 〇 to m, and the grease is lubricated and has a heart. The pore diameter of the alloy is measured by the laser diffraction scattering particle size distribution. The particle size of the agent is less than 3〇^, and the base oil system is more: the measured maximum particle α Any of the synthetic oils of oil: § Emu oil or polyol vinegar oil and the range of 20~100mm2 / s. The dynamic viscosity at 40 C is such that the thickener and the base oil-like lubricating composition are impregnated into a porous sintered oil-impregnated oil-impregnated oil-bearing bearing, which can be formed into a thick The particle size of the agent is higher than that of the porous sintered alloy. In the 4' month, the augmented lubricating composition in the urethane is impregnated with the porous sintered A: the pores are smaller than the pores, and the thickener is supplied into the pores. In the environment with high temperature, it can also provide lubrication even if the shaft is good and the wear is small: especially suitable for axial fan motor, if used in / claw fan motor, it can help To mention, rely on. N-motor durability and improvement [Embodiment] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described. (1) Impregnated grease-like lubricating composition = Bearing composed of the porous sintered alloy forms a preferred combination period: the smooth sliding composition can be long even in a high temperature environment, _ 'good lubricating properties 'And its base oil is any one of a polyol ester oil or a synthetic oil of a sterol energy oil and an alpha polyolefin oil. The composition can be lubricated in a grease-like condition at a low speed by setting the viscosity of the base oil of -5 to 201224312 low. However, the viscosity setting increases the leakage amount of the grease-like lubricating composition, and the metal contact increases, and it becomes difficult to flow out of the bearing when the viscosity of the base oil is high. In addition, the friction coefficient of the viscous bearing is increased. Therefore, in the range of 4 (rc 20 to 100 mm 2 / s. The grease-like lubricating group method is impregnated with the bearing of the porous sintered alloy (2) thickener / the lubricated lubricating composition contains 〇. 2~ agent. In terms of thickeners, there are various types of oils and fats, such as lithium soap, sodium soap, calcium soap, aluminum soap, etc., which are non-soap, inorganic non-soap, etc., and can increase the heat resistance of a cheap and stable supply. It is integrated with the base oil, and it is not suitable for the structure. It is most suitable from the viewpoint of dispersibility, heat resistance, and lithium soap. Further, by combining oils and fats, various properties of fats and oils can be obtained. A variety of fatty acids, such as dicarboxylic acid or benzoic acid carboxylic acid, which are obtained by hydrogenation of natural animal and vegetable oils such as palm oil and coconut oil, etc. Resin acid, etc. In particular, the tantalum, the soap composed of octadecanoic acid and the bell are used as heat-increasing and water-resistant, and the mechanical stability is good. 4 It is easy to supply the sliding surface to a low level, and the lubricating film strength Drop L abnormal. Another In terms of the strength of the grease-like lubricating composition, the dynamic viscosity of the composition is such that the compound is within the usual range of 2.0% by mass of the metal salt of the thickened fatty acid; synthetic soap; The substance to be used, but it is related to one or several kinds of such oils and fats, from the viewpoint of the degree of lubricity of the degree of unequalness, etc., and the vegetable oil, the hardened oil of the cockroach, and the like, The oil of the aromatic sesame hardening oil or its fat agent such as salicylic acid, in addition to the content of the -6-201224312 right-handling agent, is less than 0.2% by mass, and the effect as a solid lubricity cannot be obtained. #禾右 exceeds 0.2 When the mass is %, the apparent viscosity is increased, and 9, and its JhV λ·3 / is used in the case of the matte sintered alloy, the friction coefficient is increased. ' / The builder is set to impregnate the particle size to be more porous A combination of a substance having a small pore size of a sintered alloy, whereby a thickener can enter the pores and pass through the pores to facilitate the entry and exit of the thickener. That is, because the smoothing surface is supplied Base oil and Therefore, the strength of the oil film is increased, and the metal contact between the bearing and the rotating shaft can be reduced. Thereby, good lubricity can be maintained and friction can be reduced. In the present invention, the pore diameter of the porous sintered & 〇~1 $ 〇"claw, and the particle size of the thickener is preferably a maximum particle size of less than 3 〇" m. (Examples) The following 'further by the examples and comparative examples The present invention will be described in detail. [Appropriate Range of Particle Size of Thickener] First, the investigation is made to investigate the dry field of the grain k of the thickener contained in the grease-like lubricating composition. Prepare _325~+I50mesh reduced iron powder, _350 ~+200meSh electrolytic copper powder, tin powder metal powder and molding lubricant (ten stomach and zinc powder), as a bearing raw material powder. Each of the metal powders was blended in a standard, and a metal lubricant of Q 5 mass% was added to the metal powder to be mixed. In the absence of 狳, the mixed powder is compression-molded into a cylindrical body having an inner diameter of 3 mm, an outer diameter of 8 mm, a helmet of the whole county, and a horse of 10 mm, and is subjected to sintering and coining. The sintering was carried out in a mixed gas of ugly rolling and nitrogen gas at a sintering temperature of 780 ° C, # , ^ and a precision press was added to 201224312 by the method of the tenth. Among them, the density is 6.4 Mg/m3, the effective void ratio is 2 〇 5%, and the pore diameter of the porous sintered alloy is 3 〇 15 15 # m. As a component of the porous sintered alloy, the structure is a plaque metal structure of an iron phase and a copper alloy phase, and the iron is preferably 2 〇 to 6 〇 mass%, and the copper alloy is 80 to 40 mass%. Further, iron is about 4% by mass and copper alloy is 60% by mass. /. The left and right are more suitable. If the content of iron in the alloy is less than 20 〇/〇', the wear resistance of the bearing made of the copper-based sintered alloy is less than that of the bearing, and if it exceeds 6 〇 mass%, Since the lubricity with the rotating shaft is lowered and the friction coefficient is increased, the iron content is set in the range of 20 to 60% by mass. The porous sintered alloy of the present embodiment has an iron content of 45% by mass and a tin content of the steel alloy composition of 4% by mass. The grease-like lubricating composition was impregnated into the bearing sample using a usual vacuum impregnation apparatus. The grease-like lubricating composition is a polyol oil as a base oil. Such a grease-like lubricating composition is used in a warm environment. Therefore, it is found that it is easily oxidized to cause a sinking property. Here, 'the grease-like lubricating composition contains 苯~5 〇 mass 0/〇 of the benzene anti-oxidation inhibitor and 〇i~5 〇% by mass of the amine-based oxidation preventing Μ as an oxidation preventing agent' to prevent oxidation The production of precipitates is the effect of a benzene-based oxidation inhibitor or an amine-based oxidation inhibitor monomer. Further, if both of them are smaller than 〇% by mass, there is no effect, and if 5 〇 mass% or more is added, respectively, the above effect is not observed. In the present embodiment, 1% by mass of a phenol-based oxidation preventing agent and 2% by mass of an amine-based oxidation preventing agent are added. 201224312 The metal soap is obtained in a cooling process after raising the temperature above the melting point. By varying the cooling rate, different particle sizes can be obtained. In the case of cooling, when it is cooled, if it is left to cool, a thickener having an increased particle diameter, a fibrous shape, and a fine particle diameter and a large particle diameter can be obtained. When the cooling is rapidly performed in the cold portion process, the fine bell metal 4 having a small particle diameter and a needle shape can be obtained.故 故 故 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : The particle size of the thickener is measured by LA-300, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd., and the maximum particle size is 200#!!!, 12〇//m, 5〇"m, to claw and 10// M5 species. The average particle size of the other ice _force outside thickener is determined by the following formula, which are 90, 50, 1 〇, 5 and ^ claws, respectively. Average particle size (7) x X (7) Bu Mq (1)} J: Particle hollow segmentation bat number q (J): frequency distribution value): particle size only represents the particle size ("...large lubricating composition "50mm2/s. Test party The kinetic viscosity is about ^ Μ κ, 'The shaft to be used for the inspection is horizontally fixed to the solid shaft of the axis of the drive of the slave, and the vertical axis is used to fix the bearing. On the casing and with the rotation, the friction coefficient of the shaft is used in the state where the weight is applied to the casing, and the: the torque on the bearing casing is used to measure the wear amount. The shaft (know, _ * number and the bearing I axis after the test) is made of SUS420J2 material and 矣t '', and the Ma Tian scattered iron type stainless steel only ι surface roughness kiss or 80 t:, and the shaft Dry, 3S. The ambient temperature is kept at 5_rpm, the load surface is set to -9-201224312 0·1 MPa, and the operation is i 000 hours. The bearing wear is the bearing inner diameter size and operation before the test 1 〇 The difference in inner diameter of the bearing after 〇〇 hours. Table 1 shows the results of the test. The friction coefficient and the wear amount of Examples 1 and 2 are small' The friction coefficient and the abrasion amount of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 were increased. Further, after comparing Comparative Examples 1 to 3, it was found that the larger the maximum particle diameter of the thickener, the larger the friction coefficient and the abrasion amount. The particle size of the thickener in 1 and 2 is smaller than the pore diameter of the porous sintered alloy, so the 'thickener can enter the pores' and can pass through any pore of the porous sintered alloy, and the thickener can be added. It is supplied to the lubricating surface together with the base oil. Therefore, it is considered that this system can reduce the metal contact between the bearing and the rotating shaft, and reduce the friction coefficient and the amount of wear. It is known from Examples 1 and 2 that the particle diameter as the thickener It is preferable that the smaller the particle diameter, the easier it is to enter and exit the pores. Further, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are impregnated with a thickener having a pore diameter of 150 k / m which is larger than that of the porous sintered alloy. These thickeners cannot enter and exit from all the pores of the porous sintered alloy, so the amount of thickener supplied to the lubricating surface is reduced. Therefore, it is considered that this is the ratio of the base oil on the lubricating surface, so the oil film Reduced strength' bearing The rotating shaft is prone to metal contact, which causes the friction coefficient and the amount of wear to increase. Thus, the maximum particle size of the thickener is set to be smaller than the pore diameter of the porous sintered alloy, and the grease-like lubricating composition and porous material are smaller. The combination of sintered alloys can supply a thickener to the lubricating surface through the pores, so that the lubricity is good and the bearing wear can be reduced. 201224312 Table 1 Sample Thickener Content (%) Thickener Particle Size (μηι) Thickening Dynamic viscosity friction coefficient wear at 40 ° C (//m) Maximum particle size average particle size (mm2/S) Comparative Example 1 0.5 200 90 Fibrous 50 0.35 5.0 Comparative Example 2 0.5 120 50 Fibrous 50 0.30 3.5 Comparative Example 3 0.5 50 10 Fibrous 50 0.20 2.0 Example 1 0.5 25 5 Needle 50 0.12 0.5 Example 2 0.5 10 1 Needle 50 0.11 0.5 Comparative Example 4 0.1 25 5 Needle 50 0.30 2.0 Example 3 0.2 25 5 Needle shape 50 0.13 0.5 Example 4 1.0 25 5 Needle shape 50 0.15 0.5 Example 5 2.0 25 5 Needle shape 50 0.15 0.5 Comparative example 5 2.5 25 5 Needle shape 50 0.30 0.5 Comparative example 6 0.5 25 5 Needle shape 10 0.30 2.0 Example 6 0.5 25 5 Needle shape 20 0.12 0.5 Example 7 0.5 25 5 Needle shape 100 0.13 0.5 Comparative Example 7 0.5 25 5 Needle shape 150 0.35 0.5 [Appropriate range of thickener content] Next, the thickener contained in the grease-like lubricating composition The appropriate range of content was investigated. The grease-like lubricating composition is a polyol ester oil as a base oil, and the thickener is a lithium metal soap, and is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 2.5% by mass in six different amounts. The grease-like lubricating composition has a dynamic viscosity of about 50 mm 2 /s at 40 ° C. The particle size of the thickener was measured by LA-3 00, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd., and its maximum particle size was 25 // m, and the average particle size was 5 // m. Further, the grease-like lubricating composition contains 1.0% by mass of a phenolic oxidation preventing agent and 2.0% by mass of an amine-based oxidation preventing agent. The test bearing impregnated with the grease-like lubricating composition is the same as the above bearing sample, -11-201224312, the density is 6.4Mg/m3, the effective void ratio is 20.5%, and the pore diameter of the porous sintered alloy is 3 0. ~1 5 0 // m. The bearing test method is the same as the above test method, and the friction coefficient at the initial stage of operation and the bearing wear amount after 1000 hours of operation are measured. Table 1 shows the results of the test together. The friction coefficients of Examples 3, 1, 4, and 5 were low and the amount of wear was small. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 4, the friction coefficient was high and the amount of abrasion was also large. This is considered to be because the content of the thickener is less than 0.1% by mass, so that the strength of the oil film is lowered, and the contact between the bearing and the rotating shaft is likely to occur, and the friction coefficient and the abrasion amount are increased. Comparative Example 5 had a small abrasion amount but a high friction coefficient. This is considered to be due to the high content of the thickener and the high apparent viscosity. From these results, it is understood that the content of the thickener is preferably 0.2 to 2% by mass. [Appropriate Range of Base Oil Viscosity] Next, an appropriate range of the base oil viscosity of the grease-like lubricating composition was investigated. The grease-like lubricating composition was a polyol ester oil as a base oil, and the thickener was a linoleum soap, and the content was 0.5% by mass. The particle size of the thickener was the same as that of the above method, and it was measured by LA-300 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd., and its maximum particle diameter was 25 // m, and the average particle diameter was 5 // m. The dynamic viscosity at 40 ° C is 5 different types of 10, 20, 50, 100, 150 mm 2 / s. The test bearing impregnated with the grease-like lubricating composition is the same bearing sample as described above. Further, the bearing test method was the same as the above test method, and the friction coefficient at the initial stage of operation and the bearing wear amount after 1000 hours of operation were measured. -12- 201224312 Table 1 shows the test results together. Example 6, 1, the coefficient is low and the amount of wear is also small. On the other hand, Comparative Example 6 was high and the amount of abrasion was also large. This is considered to be because the dynamic viscosity is low, so the oil film strength is insufficient and the bearing and the rotating shaft are easily contacted. The abrasion amount of Comparative Example 7 is small, but the friction system considers that this is because the dynamic viscosity is as high as 1 50 mm 2 /s, so it is high, but because of the high viscosity, the friction coefficient is increased, and the lubricating oil-like lubricating composition is known. It is more suitable at a temperature of 40 ° C of 20 to 100 mm 2 / s. The sintered oil-impregnated bearing of the present invention is suitable for a fan motor and is used in a fan motor to help improve the durability of the motor. [Simple description of the diagram] Benefits 〇 [Main component symbol description] None. 7 friction coefficient of friction .10mm2 / s high metal number. The strength of the oil film is due to the reason. From the dynamic sticky use, if the sex and promotion -13-