201206792 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 ' 本發明有關根據申請專利範圍第1項之前言的連結裝 置，該連結裝置被用來彼此連結貨櫃，且特別用來彼此連 結貨船中所使用之貨櫃》除了海運以外，貨櫃被用於陸運 〇 傳統上，當往海外船運時，藉由貨櫃所形成之堆疊係 能夠向旁邊傾斜，視該船之傾斜程度而定。這意指至少二 角落、亦即該貨櫃之一側或另一側的那些角落係在藉由於 它們上面的貨櫃之質量所造成的壓力之下。 在另一方面，當舉昇貨櫃時，它們被舉昇，使得該所 有四個角落同時被舉昇。爲此緣故，其係可能清楚地區別 當該等貨櫃之連結裝置必需被帶至該鎖扣模式或該開啓模 式時。於習知配置中，垂直力量、亦即舉昇力量係在該連 結裝置中轉換成橫向（水平）力量，其強迫該貨櫃舉昇、 該上方力量及該下方力量，以相對彼此向旁邊移動。 【先前技術】 各種配置係由用來彼此連結貨櫃之先前技藝已知。此 等配置係習知者，其中貨櫃係藉由完全手動地操作之連結 裝置彼此連結，亦即，當使用它們時，該連結1於該鎖扣階 段及該開啓階段兩者中完全地用手發生。半自動及全自動 連結配置係亦習知。在此所述之連結裝置有關此一全自動 操作之連結裝置。 -5- 201206792 由第EPl 8 1 093 8號說明書吾人已知用來連結貨櫃之連 結配置，該配置敘述全自動連結件，該連結件包括用來承 接被舉昇的貨櫃之重量的類似凸輪部份、及一用來能夠啓 動該鎖扣模式與該開啓模式之可旋轉鎖扣件。該鎖扣件被 配置成可在該類似凸輪部份之相反側面上移動。 全自動操作之連結配置被敘述在第 WO20 06/137759 A1號說明書中。根據該說明書，連結裝置是關於一用來 彼此連結貨櫃之配置，該連結裝置包括被連接一鎖扣部之 本體，該鎖扣部藉由繞著一用來鎖扣及開啓之垂直軸桿轉 動而操作。該鎖扣部如此包括不對稱之導引表面，該鎖扣 模式及該開啓模式藉著該導引表面被提供。 由第W02005054086號說明書吾人已知一用來連結貨 櫃之連結裝置，其被特別用來彼此連結船舶用貨櫃，且該 連結裝置包括形成在其本體部的上部上之緊固件，藉由轉 動該本體部繞著其垂直軸桿，該本體部係可藉由該緊固件 緊固於貨櫃角落之角落件中，藉此該緊固件被緊固在該貨 櫃之角落件中，且一平面式連結板係進一步於其上部與下 部之間形成在該本體部中，及該本體部亦包括控制該本體 部之運動的凸輪部，該凸輪部能於該等貨櫃之間承接實質 上垂直的力量。該本體部係亦裝有第一可旋轉之類似槓桿 的鎖扣部，用來防止及/或釋放本體部之運動，且該本體 部另包括第二可旋轉之類似槓桿的鎖扣部，用來能夠啓動 或防止該本體部之橫向運動及用來承接該等貨櫃間之實質 上垂直的力量。 ⑧ -6 - 201206792 根據先前技藝之配置包括一些缺點。根據習知先前技 藝之配置不對稱地操作、亦即換句話說僅只一側面之連結 件（鎖扣件）在下貨櫃中操作。以此，其操作可爲靠不住 的，並且甚至造成危險之狀態，因爲該等連結裝置之鎖扣 能由於藉由該等不對稱鎖扣件所造成之力量而故障。當與 該等貨櫃中之設定尺寸容差有不想要的偏差時，這是特別 可能的。業已具有安全負載，由於單側載荷分布，該等鎖 扣件在該等貨櫃之角落件中造成永久性改變，且這是非常 不利的。 該等連結配置係亦包括其他零件（諸如鎖桿）之較大 實體的一部份，且這些零件必需承接當該等貨櫃被連結在 該船中時與當該船移動時所產生之大負載，及該等零件必 需能夠快速彼此鎖扣該等貨櫃及鎖扣於該船中。如果該等 連結配置中之位移、亦即連結配置當它們被裝在該等貨櫃 之角落件中時的位移增長太大，接著有一異於該等連結件 、諸如鎖桿等之風險，而承接太大力量及該系統超載。 本發明之目的係如此提供用來彼此連結貨櫃之新穎型 式的連結裝置，藉由此連結配置，其係可能消除或把習知 配置之缺點減到最少，且達成很好及可靠地操作之連結裝 置配置。 【發明內容】 根據本發明的連結裝置之特徵爲申請專利範圍第1項 之特徵部份中所陳述者。根據本發明之配置的進一步特徵 201206792 爲藉由申請專利範圍第2-1 0項中所陳述者。當與習知配 置作比較時，根據本發明之現在敘述配置提供一些値得重 視的優點。 藉著此現在敘述之發明，新穎型式的連結裝置被提供 用來彼此連結貨櫃，藉此能消除習知配置之問題，且藉此 實際上達成易於使用及使用上可靠之連結裝置。該連結裝 置能夠彼此連結該等貨櫃，使得它們不能彼此無意中開啓 ’且其有效地操作用來承接該等貨櫃間之垂直力量（及亦 於其他方向中之力量），且該等貨櫃被連結，該連結裝置 充分地耐受施加至其上之應力。再者，根據本發明之配置 係相當簡單及製造便宜的。 【實施方式】 根據圖la、lb及lc，根據本發明之連結裝置在其本 體部48中包括緊固件2,其被形成在該本體部之上部中 ’藉由繞著其垂直軸桿轉動該本體部48，該本體部係可 藉由該緊固件緊固於貨櫃40的角落中之角落件26 (見圖 2a、6) ’藉此該緊固件緊固在該貨櫃之角落件中，使得 該本體部中之水平表面10、11承接垂直的力量，且得該 本體部中之垂直表面4、12承接水平的力量。 在該本體部5係於其上部及下部之間形成一平面式連 結板3中，該連結板在貨櫃4 0、41之間設定爲被舉昇（ 根據圖2c)及承接該等貨櫃間之力量，大多數爲該上貨 櫃40之重量，且當設定在彼此頂部上之貨櫃4〇、41嘗試 ⑧ -8- 201206792 相對彼此水平地移動時，該連結板另承接及傳送藉由該等 貨櫃的重量所產生之摩擦力量。 該本體部採用一用來控制該本體部之運動的（長形） 凸輪部6，且該本體部係裝有第一可旋轉之類似槓桿的鎖 扣部5，用來防止及/或釋放該本體部之運動。 在該本體部係亦形成用來能夠啓動該本體部之橫向運 動的第二可旋轉之類似槓桿的鎖扣部8中。用來承接垂直 的力量，於該第二類似槓桿的鎖扣部8係形成一突出部 34中，且該第二鎖扣部係與該第一類似槓桿的鎖扣部5 直接或間接地接觸，使得當該第一類似槓桿的鎖扣部旋轉 時，該第二類似槓桿的鎖扣部係亦能夠旋轉，用來能夠啓 動該鎖扣模式及該開啓模式（圖2a-2c所示）。該第二類 似槓桿的鎖扣部係裝有類似彈簧件（當被裝在該本體部內 時，在該等圖面中未示出），其被配置成在該本體部內將 該第二鎖扣部推入該本體部中之凹槽20 (或將該第二鎖 扣部拉出該凹槽）。該類似彈簧件亦可被連接至該第一鎖 扣部。該第二鎖扣部如此在該本體部之外下壓該第一鎖扣 部’其係直接或間接地與該第一鎖扣部接觸。當該第二鎖 扣部未以任何方式載入時，其係於藉由圖1 ^所示之位置 中’亦即其包括由該凸輪部6突出之表面。該第一鎖扣部 係能在該凸輪部內局部或完全地下壓的，且其係接著藉由 下壓一表面14所載入’藉此其繞著軸桿25旋轉進入該凹 槽20，並在該凸輪部6移動。 該第二鎖扣部8包括該突出部34，該突出部例如具 201206792 有一防止該垂直運動之表面42，諸如圖7所示者。 於圖lb中，參考數字31、32、33、35顯示該連結裝 置中之斜面。 圖2 a-2c顯示二貨櫃40、41藉由根據本發明的連結 裝置1之彼此連結，在圖2a之狀態中，該連結裝置藉著 該本體部中之緊固件2被緊固在該上貨櫃40之角落件26 中，使得該緊固件2之水平及垂直的表面4、10、11及 12(圖1所示）係與該角落件的接合表面21、22、23及 24接觸，將該連結裝置保持在該角落件中之適當位置中 ，藉此該連結裝置不會在該角落件中於該水平或垂直的方 向中移動。根據該圖面，下角落件27停留在適當位置中 ，且該上角落件26往下移動，其中該連結裝置1被緊固 在上角落件中。 當該連結裝置被緊固之處的上貨櫃已往下降低時（根 據圖2a)，在該下角落件27的表面36、37與該第一鎖 扣部5及該第二鎖扣部8的表面42、18之間造成接觸。 根據圖2b’當該上貨概40被進一步降低時，當該第 二鎖扣部8接觸該角落件27時造成接觸，使得當該下角 落件27之角落的表面39接觸該第二鎖扣部的突出部13 之（彎曲）表面17·時，一接觸發生。該第一鎖扣部同等 效果地接觸該角落件之第二（相反）角落的表面38。再 者，該第二鎖扣部8’下壓·該第一鎖扣部5 (被連結至該第 一鎖扣部），因爲該第一及該第二鎖扣部之表面15、16 係彼此接觸。另外，當降低該上角落件26時，該第二鎖 ⑧ -10- 201206792 扣部8旋轉，使得其逆時針方向旋轉，且同等效果地使該 第一鎖扣部5順時針方向旋轉。然後，該上角落件係能夠 移動至右側。同等效果地，該第二鎖扣部8中之第二凸起 狀突出部13藉由其表面17’接觸該角落件之表面39，並 控制該橫向運動（亦即在該鎖扣方向中推該第一鎖扣部） 〇 根據圖2c，當該上貨櫃被降低致使該上貨櫃停靠在 該下貨櫃之頂部上，且其重量經由該連結板3下壓該下貨 櫃及在它們之間造成摩擦力時，因爲該連結板3之下表面 40接觸該下貨櫃之角落件27的表面44。 根據該圖面，該等角落件26、27係如此在迎角中。 然後，該第一及該第二鎖扣部被如此旋轉進入其極端位置 ，使得該第二鎖扣部8係在該本體部內及藉由該表面17’ 僅只接觸該表面39，且該第二鎖扣部係再次同等效果地 旋轉，使得其係藉由其表面與該角落件之表面37接觸。 圖3a-3c顯示當該上貨櫃被以升降機或一些別的舉昇 裝置舉昇時，二貨櫃間之連結的開啓。 根據圖3a，當該上貨櫃40係在該下貨櫃41的頂部 上時，其重量在該等貨櫃之間造成摩擦力，使得該連結板 3下壓該下角落件27，且摩擦力係如此在它們之間產生。 該摩擦防止該等貨櫃40、41相對彼此運動。根據該圖面 ，該等角落件26、27係在迎角中。該第一及該第二鎖扣 部被旋轉，使得該第二鎖扣部8係在該本體部內及僅只藉 由該表面17接觸該角落件之垂直表面45，且該第二鎖扣 -11 - 201206792 部係再次同等效果地旋轉’使得其係藉由其表面19與該 角落件表面37接觸。 根據圖3b，當該上貨櫃之舉昇被開始時，普遍在該 等貨櫃間之摩擦力退出，並在該等貨榧之間產生藉由該連 結裝置1(諸連結裝置）所造成的水平運動，且該第一鎖 扣部之表面18及該第二鎖扣部的表面42控制該水平運動 。當與該角落件27之表面接觸時’該第一及該第二鎖扣 部5、8接著能夠可控制地（自由地）旋轉。 根據圖3c，當該上貨櫃被進一步舉昇時，該水平運 動仍然持續，直至該第二鎖扣部之表面42不再接觸該角 落件27。 根據圖3c，當該第一鎖扣部5及該凸輪34不會防止 該垂直的運動時，該連結裝置1能被由該下角落件27舉 昇。然後，該第一鎖扣部5係完全或幾乎完全在圖1所示 凹槽20內、旋轉進入該凹槽20。 圖4顯示彼此連結之二貨櫃40、41的一狀態，藉此 該等貨櫃之角落（角落件26、27)係在迎角中。由該等 貨植中之角落件，該上貨櫃40係由每一角落藉著該連結 裝置（於圖4中未示出）緊固至該下貨櫃41。該圖面顯 示一旋轉方向、亦即當該上貨櫃之舉昇係開始時，該上貨 櫃能夠旋轉之方向。然後當舉昇該上貨櫃時，藉由該上貨 櫃當在該下貨概的頂部時之重量所造成的該等貨櫃間之摩 擦力退出，且該等連結裝置進一步能夠如圖3a-3c所示被 開啓，同時小的旋轉式運動、亦即繞著該等貨櫃之垂直軸 -12- 201206792 桿發生的運動係在該等貨櫃之間產生。被設定在該貨櫃的 一端部之連結裝置係於一狀態中，其中該上貨櫃之舉昇係 開始，能夠在與被設定在該另一端部之連結裝置相反的方 向中移動，且這能夠讓該連結裝置之操作。 圖5顯示貨櫃角落中之角落件。根據該圖面，該角落 件爲長方形元件，且連結開口 28係在其在上方表面44上 形成於其中。該角落件之側面另包括開口 29、30，用來 以舉昇鉤子或一些別的所舉昇及用來緊固支撐機構等。 根據圖6，當該等貨櫃係於該等角落件26、27中藉 由該等連結裝置1彼此連結時，在左邊傾斜之彼此連結的 貨櫃，下壓（以箭頭所示）被建立在該下貨櫃的左角落 47中，該下壓係藉由該上貨櫃40之重量所造成，且此下 壓力量進一步下壓該下貨櫃41之左邊、其角落47，造成 該貨櫃的角落件與該連結板間之摩擦力，藉此該水平運動 被防止。該水平移運動被防止，該垂直運動係亦藉著該連 結裝置被防止。同等效果地，於該右邊上之角落46中產 生拉力，其嘗試拉動該角落46與該下貨櫃之同等角落分 開。當彼此連結之貨櫃傾斜至該左側時，裝在該等貨櫃的 右角落中之連結裝置1如此在伸張應力之下掉落。 於該等貨櫃之間，當該等貨櫃正傾斜時，因正在該下 貨櫃41的頂部上之上貨櫃40嘗試移動（滑動）至該左側 ，水平力量係亦產生。 圖7顯示該連結裝置之操作（於根據圖6之狀態中） ，其中當該貨櫃堆疊正傾斜時，該角落46嘗試往上地舉 -13- 201206792 昇（於該角落47中，該上貨櫃之重量導致該等貨櫃間之 摩擦力）。當該上貨櫃40係在該下貨櫃41之頂部上時， 且接著其重量造成該等貨櫃間之摩擦力，使得該連結板3 下壓該下角落件27，及如此摩擦力係在它們之間產生。 該摩擦防止該等貨概40、41相對彼此之水平運動，且同 時，該等角落件26、27不能夠相對彼此水平地移動。 當該上貨櫃於該角落46中之角落件26嘗試往上地舉 昇時，該等角落件間之垂直運動係藉著該第一鎖扣部5及 該第二鎖扣部8所防止，因爲該第一鎖扣部5之表面18 接觸該角落件的表面38，且該第二鎖扣部8之突出部34 的表面42接觸該角落件的下表面36，由此該連結裝置1 因爲該等彼此接觸之表面而不能由該第二、亦即下角落件 往上舉昇，該往上運動被防止。 那些熟諳此技藝者係熟知本發明之不同具體實施例未 僅只受限於上面所述之範例，且如此它們能在所附申請專 利之範圍內變化。 【圖式簡單說明】 本發明其次將藉著參考圖面1-7之範例被更詳細地敘 述，其中 圖1 a、1 b及1 c顯示根據本發明之連結裝置。 圖2a-2c顯示二貨櫃藉由根據本發明的連結裝置之彼 此連結。 圖3 a- 3 c顯示二貨櫃間之連結的開啓。 ⑧ -14- 201206792 圖4顯示彼此連結之二貨櫃的一狀態與在它們之鬩的 旋轉式運動、亦即一貨櫃於舉昇狀態中繞著垂直軸桿之旋 轉。 圖5顯示貨櫃角落中之角落件。 圖6顯示發生在該貨櫃的連結件中之垂直力量。 圖7顯示於—貨櫃之角落的狀態中之連結裝置，並當 該貨櫃堆係傾斜時試著往上舉昇。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :連結裝置 2 :緊固件 3 :連結板 4 :垂直表面 5 :鎖扣部 6 :凸輪部 8 :鎖扣部 I 〇 :水平表面 II :水平表面 12 :垂直表面 13 :突出部 1 4 :表面 1 5 :表面 1 6 :表面 17’ ：表面 -15- 201206792 1 8 :表面 1 9 :表面 20 :凹槽 2 1 :接合表面 2 2 ·接合表面 23 :接合表面 24 :接合表面 25 :軸桿 2 6 :角落件 2 7 :角落件 2 8 :連結開口 29 :開□ 30 :開口 3 1 :斜面 3 2 :斜面 3 3 :斜面 3 4 :突出部 3 5 :斜面 3 6 :表面 3 7 :表面 3 8 :表面 3 9 :表面 40 :貨櫃 41 :貨櫃 -16 201206792 42 :表面 44 :表面 45 :表面 46 :角落 47 :角落 48 :本體部 -17201206792 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field to Be Invented by the Invention] The present invention relates to a joining device according to the first aspect of the patent application scope, which is used to connect containers to each other, and is particularly used for connecting to each other in a cargo ship. In addition to shipping, containers are used for land transport. Traditionally, when shipping overseas, the stack formed by the container can be tilted to the side, depending on the inclination of the ship. This means that at least two corners, that is, those on one side or the other side of the container, are under pressure due to the quality of the containers above them. On the other hand, when the containers are lifted, they are lifted so that all four corners are lifted at the same time. For this reason, it may be clearly distinguishable when the linking means of the containers must be brought to the lock mode or the opening mode. In a conventional configuration, vertical force, i.e., lift power, is converted into a lateral (horizontal) force in the coupling device that forces the container to lift, the upper force, and the lower force to move sideways relative to each other. [Prior Art] Various configurations are known from the prior art for connecting containers to each other. These configurations are known to those in which the containers are connected to each other by means of a fully manually operated connecting device, that is, when they are used, the link 1 is completely hand-held in both the locking phase and the opening phase. occur. Semi-automatic and fully automatic link configuration is also known. The joining device described herein pertains to this fully automated joining device. -5-201206792 The specification for the connection of containers is known from the specification of EP 1 8 1 093 8 which describes a fully automatic coupling comprising a similar cam portion for receiving the weight of the lifted container And a rotatable lock member capable of starting the lock mode and the open mode. The latch member is configured to be movable on the opposite side of the cam portion. The fully automated connection configuration is described in the specification of WO 20 06/137759 A1. According to the specification, the attachment means is for a configuration for connecting the containers to each other, the attachment means comprising a body to which a locking portion is attached, the locking portion being rotated about a vertical shaft for locking and opening And the operation. The latch portion thus includes an asymmetrical guiding surface by which the latching mode and the opening pattern are provided. From the specification of WO 0205054086, a coupling device for joining containers is known, which is particularly used to connect ship containers to each other, and the joining device comprises a fastener formed on an upper portion of the body portion thereof, by rotating the body Around the vertical axis, the body portion can be fastened in the corner piece of the corner of the container by the fastener, whereby the fastener is fastened in the corner piece of the container, and a flat connecting plate Further formed in the body portion between the upper portion and the lower portion thereof, and the body portion also includes a cam portion that controls movement of the body portion, the cam portion capable of receiving substantially vertical force between the containers. The body portion is also provided with a first rotatable lever-like locking portion for preventing and/or releasing the movement of the body portion, and the body portion further includes a second rotatable lever-like locking portion for It is capable of initiating or preventing lateral movement of the body portion and for receiving substantially vertical forces between the containers. 8 -6 - 201206792 The configuration according to the prior art includes some disadvantages. The joints (locking members) which operate asymmetrically, i.e., only one side, operate in the lower container in accordance with the prior art configuration. As such, its operation can be unreliable and even dangerous, since the latches of the connecting devices can fail due to the forces caused by the asymmetrical latches. This is especially possible when there is an undesired deviation from the set size tolerances in these containers. Safety loads have been created which, due to the one-sided load distribution, cause permanent changes in the corner pieces of such containers, and this is very disadvantageous. The link configurations also include a portion of a larger body of other components, such as a lock bar, and these components must be subjected to a large load when the container is attached to the ship and when the ship is moved. And such parts must be able to quickly lock the containers and locks in the ship. If the displacements in the joint configurations, that is, the joint configurations, increase the displacement when they are installed in the corner pieces of the containers, then there is a risk different from the joints, such as the lock bars, etc. Too much power and the system is overloaded. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel type of attachment means for interconnecting containers with one another, whereby the connection arrangement eliminates or minimizes the disadvantages of conventional arrangements and achieves a good and reliable connection. Device configuration. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A joining device according to the present invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing portion of claim 1. Further features of the configuration according to the present invention 201206792 are set forth in claim 0.001. The presently described configuration in accordance with the present invention provides some of the advantages of having a focus when compared to conventional configurations. By the presently described invention, the novel type of joining device is provided for joining containers to one another, thereby eliminating the problems of conventional configurations and thereby achieving a connection device that is easy to use and reliable to use. The linking devices are capable of joining the containers to each other such that they cannot be inadvertently opened to each other and are effectively operated to receive the vertical forces (and forces in other directions) between the containers, and the containers are linked The joining device is sufficiently resistant to the stress applied thereto. Moreover, the configuration according to the present invention is relatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture. [Embodiment] According to Figures la, lb and lc, a joining device according to the invention comprises in its body portion 48 a fastener 2 formed in the upper portion of the body portion 'by rotating about its vertical axis a body portion 48 that can be fastened to the corner piece 26 in the corner of the container 40 by the fastener (see Figures 2a, 6) 'by means of which the fastener is fastened in the corner piece of the container, such that The horizontal surfaces 10, 11 in the body portion receive vertical forces and the vertical surfaces 4, 12 in the body portion receive horizontal forces. The main body portion 5 is formed in a flat connecting plate 3 between the upper portion and the lower portion thereof, and the connecting plate is set to be lifted between the containers 40, 41 (according to Fig. 2c) and to take over between the containers. The strength is mostly the weight of the upper container 40, and when the containers 4, 41, which are set on top of each other, try to move horizontally relative to each other, the webs are additionally received and transported by the containers. The frictional force generated by the weight. The body portion adopts an (long) cam portion 6 for controlling the movement of the body portion, and the body portion is provided with a first rotatable lever-like locking portion 5 for preventing and/or releasing the The movement of the body. The body portion also forms a second rotatable lever-like latching portion 8 for enabling lateral movement of the body portion. For engaging the vertical force, the second similar lever locking portion 8 is formed in a protruding portion 34, and the second locking portion is in direct or indirect contact with the first similar lever locking portion 5. The second similar lever locking portion is also rotatable when the first similar lever locking portion is rotated for enabling the locking mode and the opening mode (shown in Figures 2a-2c). The second lever-like latching portion is provided with a spring-like member (not shown in the drawings when mounted in the body portion) configured to enclose the second latch within the body portion The portion is pushed into the groove 20 in the body portion (or the second locking portion is pulled out of the groove). The similar spring member can also be coupled to the first latch portion. The second latching portion presses the first latching portion' under the body portion to directly or indirectly contact the first latching portion. When the second latching portion is not loaded in any manner, it is in the position shown by Figure 1^, i.e., it includes the surface projecting by the cam portion 6. The first latching portion can be partially or completely submerged in the cam portion, and then loaded by pressing a surface 14 to thereby rotate it into the recess 20 about the shaft 25, and The cam portion 6 moves. The second latching portion 8 includes the projection 34, which has, for example, 201206792 a surface 42 that prevents such vertical movement, such as that shown in FIG. In Fig. 1b, reference numerals 31, 32, 33, 35 show the slopes in the joining device. Figures 2 a-2c show that the two containers 40, 41 are joined to each other by the joining device 1 according to the invention, in the state of Figure 2a, the joining device is fastened thereto by the fasteners 2 in the body portion In the corner piece 26 of the container 40, the horizontal and vertical surfaces 4, 10, 11 and 12 (shown in Figure 1) of the fastener 2 are in contact with the engagement surfaces 21, 22, 23 and 24 of the corner piece, The attachment means is held in position in the corner piece whereby the attachment means does not move in the horizontal or vertical direction in the corner piece. According to this drawing, the lower corner piece 27 stays in position and the upper corner piece 26 moves downward, wherein the linking means 1 is fastened in the upper corner piece. When the upper container at which the connecting device is fastened has been lowered (according to FIG. 2a), the surfaces 36, 37 of the lower corner member 27 and the first locking portion 5 and the second locking portion 8 Contact is made between the surfaces 42, 18. According to FIG. 2b', when the loading profile 40 is further lowered, contact is made when the second locking portion 8 contacts the corner member 27, such that when the surface 39 of the corner of the lower corner member 27 contacts the second locking buckle At the (bending) surface 17 of the protruding portion 13 of the portion, a contact occurs. The first latch portion contacts the surface 38 of the second (opposite) corner of the corner member equally. Furthermore, the second locking portion 8' presses down the first locking portion 5 (connected to the first locking portion) because the surfaces 15 and 16 of the first and second locking portions are Contact each other. Further, when the upper corner member 26 is lowered, the second lock 8 -10- 201206792 is rotated so that it rotates counterclockwise, and the first lock portion 5 is rotated clockwise in an equivalent manner. Then, the upper corner piece can be moved to the right side. Equally effective, the second raised protrusion 13 of the second locking portion 8 contacts the surface 39 of the corner piece by its surface 17' and controls the lateral movement (ie, pushing in the direction of the buckle) According to FIG. 2c, when the upper container is lowered, the upper container is docked on the top of the lower container, and the weight thereof is pressed down by the connecting plate 3 to cause the lower container and cause therebetween In the case of friction, the lower surface 40 of the web 3 contacts the surface 44 of the corner piece 27 of the lower container. According to this figure, the corner pieces 26, 27 are thus in the angle of attack. Then, the first and the second locking portions are rotated into their extreme positions such that the second locking portion 8 is enclosed in the body portion and only the surface 39 is contacted by the surface 17', and the second The latching portion is again rotated equally, such that it is in contact with the surface 37 of the corner piece by its surface. Figures 3a-3c show the opening of the connection between the two containers when the upper container is lifted by a lift or some other lifting device. According to Fig. 3a, when the upper container 40 is attached to the top of the lower container 41, its weight causes a friction between the containers, so that the web 3 presses the lower corner piece 27, and the friction is such Produced between them. This friction prevents the containers 40, 41 from moving relative to one another. According to the drawing, the corner members 26, 27 are in the angle of attack. The first and the second locking portions are rotated such that the second locking portion 8 is in the body portion and only the vertical surface 45 of the corner member is contacted by the surface 17, and the second locking button -11 - 201206792 The department rotates again with the same effect 'so that it is in contact with the corner piece surface 37 by its surface 19. According to Fig. 3b, when the lifting of the upper container is started, the friction between the containers is generally withdrawn and the level caused by the connecting device 1 (the connecting devices) is generated between the goods. Movement, and the surface 18 of the first latching portion and the surface 42 of the second latching portion control the horizontal movement. The first and second latch portions 5, 8 are then controllably (freely) rotatable when in contact with the surface of the corner member 27. According to Fig. 3c, when the upper container is further lifted, the horizontal movement continues until the surface 42 of the second latch portion no longer contacts the corner piece 27. According to Fig. 3c, when the first latching portion 5 and the cam 34 do not prevent the vertical movement, the coupling device 1 can be lifted by the lower corner member 27. Then, the first latching portion 5 is completely or almost completely inserted into the recess 20 in the recess 20 shown in Fig. 1. Figure 4 shows a state of two containers 40, 41 joined to each other whereby the corners of the containers (corner members 26, 27) are in the angle of attack. From the corner pieces of the goods, the upper container 40 is fastened to the lower container 41 by each of the corners by means of the attachment means (not shown in Figure 4). The drawing shows a direction of rotation, i.e., the direction in which the upper container can rotate when the lift of the upper container begins. Then, when the upper container is lifted, the friction between the containers caused by the weight of the upper container at the top of the lower cargo is withdrawn, and the connecting devices can further be as shown in Figures 3a-3c. The display is turned on, while small rotary motions, that is, movements that occur around the vertical axis of the container -12-201206792, are generated between the containers. The connecting device set at one end of the container is in a state in which the lifting of the upper container starts, and can be moved in a direction opposite to the connecting device set at the other end, and this enables The operation of the linking device. Figure 5 shows the corner pieces in the corner of the container. According to the drawing, the corner piece is a rectangular member, and the joint opening 28 is formed therein on the upper surface 44 thereof. The side of the corner piece further includes openings 29, 30 for lifting the hook or some other lifting and for fastening the support mechanism and the like. According to FIG. 6, when the containers are connected to each other by the connecting means 1 in the corner members 26, 27, the containers connected to each other on the left side are pressed down (indicated by arrows) to be established. In the left corner 47 of the lower container, the depression is caused by the weight of the upper container 40, and the downward pressure further presses the left side of the lower container 41 and its corner 47, causing the corner piece of the container and the The friction between the plates is prevented, whereby the horizontal movement is prevented. This horizontal movement is prevented and the vertical movement is also prevented by the attachment means. Equally effective, a pulling force is created in the corner 46 on the right side, which attempts to pull the corner 46 apart from the same corner of the lower container. When the containers connected to each other are tilted to the left side, the joining device 1 installed in the right corner of the containers is thus dropped under the tensile stress. Between these containers, when the containers are tilting, a horizontal force system is also generated as the container 40 is attempting to move (slide) to the left side on the top of the lower container 41. Figure 7 shows the operation of the joining device (in the state according to Figure 6), wherein when the stack of containers is tilted, the corner 46 attempts to lift up -13 - 201206792 liters up (in the corner 47, the upper container) The weight causes the friction between the containers). When the upper container 40 is attached to the top of the lower container 41, and then its weight causes friction between the containers, the web 3 presses the lower corner member 27, and such friction is tied to them. Generated between. This friction prevents horizontal movement of the cargo items 40, 41 relative to each other, and at the same time, the corner members 26, 27 are not horizontally movable relative to each other. When the upper container 26 of the upper container is attempted to lift upward in the corner 46, the vertical movement between the corner members is prevented by the first locking portion 5 and the second locking portion 8, Because the surface 18 of the first locking portion 5 contacts the surface 38 of the corner member, and the surface 42 of the protruding portion 34 of the second locking portion 8 contacts the lower surface 36 of the corner member, whereby the coupling device 1 The surfaces in contact with each other cannot be lifted up by the second, that is, the lower corner member, and the upward movement is prevented. The various embodiments of the invention that are well known to those skilled in the art are not limited only by the examples described above, and thus they can vary within the scope of the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The present invention will be described in more detail by way of example with reference to Figures 1-7, wherein Figures 1 a, 1 b and 1 c show a joining device in accordance with the present invention. Figures 2a-2c show two containers linked to each other by a joining device according to the present invention. Figure 3 a - 3 c shows the opening of the link between the two containers. 8 -14- 201206792 Figure 4 shows a state of two containers connected to each other and a rotary motion between them, that is, a rotation of a container around a vertical axis in a lifted state. Figure 5 shows the corner pieces in the corner of the container. Figure 6 shows the vertical force occurring in the joint of the container. Figure 7 shows the joining device in the state of the corner of the container and tries to lift up when the container stack is tilted. [Description of main component symbols] 1 : Connecting device 2 : Fastener 3 : Connecting plate 4 : Vertical surface 5 : Locking portion 6 : Cam portion 8 : Locking portion I 〇 : Horizontal surface II : Horizontal surface 12 : Vertical surface 13 : protrusion 1 4 : surface 1 5 : surface 1 6 : surface 17 ′ : surface -15 - 201206792 1 8 : surface 1 9 : surface 20 : groove 2 1 : joint surface 2 2 · joint surface 23 : joint surface 24 : joint surface 25 : shaft 2 6 : corner piece 2 7 : corner piece 2 8 : joint opening 29 : opening 30 : opening 3 1 : bevel 3 2 : bevel 3 3 : bevel 3 4 : projection 3 5 : bevel 3 6 : Surface 3 7 : Surface 3 8 : Surface 3 9 : Surface 40 : Container 41 : Container-16 201206792 42 : Surface 44 : Surface 45 : Surface 46 : Corner 47 : Corner 48 : Body section -17