201143255 五、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 置’利用不同類型的二 的工作電壓區間給需要 機車、緊急發電機、不 本發明係有關一種電池組裝 次電池相互串聯，來組成最適當 具穩壓性之機具使用，如汽車、 斷電系統UPS或類似結構者。 【先前技術】 隨著科技產#的快速發展，各種可攜式的電子產口 與用電設備已經日趨普及，然而，這些電子產品的^ 此源大多數來自於電池’故使得電池的❹量與日俱增 池本身的充放電特性 而關於電池的分類可以透過電 與工作性質大致區分如下： 1、一次電池（pdmary cell)係指僅能被使用—欠 的電池：無法透過充電的方式再補充已被轉化掉的化學 能’故稱為一次電池。此類常見的有乾電池、水銀電池 與鹼性電池等。—次電池的應用最早也最廣泛，市面上 販售的不可充電電池幾乎皆屬此類，如钮扣型水銀電池 、1號〜3號電池等等。 ' 2、二次電池（secondary battery )所指的就是可以 被重複使用的電池。透過充電的過程，可以使得電池内 的活性物質再度回復到原來的狀態，因而能再度的提卑 201143255 電力。這類的電池有錯酸電池（lead acid battery )、鎳鎖 電池（nickel cadmium battery ) ' 鎳氫電池（nickel hydrogen battery )、二次鋰電池（secondary lithium battery )，含链離子電池（lithium ion battery)和高分子經電池 (polymer lithium battery )等。 3、燃料電池（fuel cell )與前述兩者有相當大的不 同，又被稱為連續電池。陰陽兩極並無活性物質的存在 _ ，而是透過外部的系統提供，所以只要持續的提供活性 物質’電池就可以持續的放電。在陽極部份’真正進行 氧化反應的是空氣或是氧氣；而陰極部份則是以氫或者 煤氣為主。此類電池如氫氧燃料電池（hydrogen oxygen fuel cell)等。 一次電池因具有價格便宜、製造容易、自放電率低 、高重量能量比（50〜80 Wh/Kg)及攜帶方便的優勢， • 故其仍是產最高、用途最廣的一種。但其存有功率過小 的問題，使得該種電流並不適用於大電流的放電。而燃 料電池尚在發展中，且受限於其較大體積，主要用於發 電機組上或是為備用能源。故，使用於較大電流放電， 並可更複使用的電池係以二次電池為主。 以作用在汽車的二次電池為例，汽車的發電機是交 流發電機經全波整流後形成如第一圖的電壓波形，波峰 就是發電機的最高電壓，一般是14.2V，而最低電壓轉S；! 201143255 =池的電壓，一般是12,〜_間看斜酸電池 、迅·况’因此火星塞的一次點火電壓就會在 1復間飄移’取決於汽缸點火 :货〜 電壓來決定’這樣-來會導致每缸點火的;壓:::機 =小也不—樣當然動力的輸出也不穩定，也二較 •車輛最少有4缸這種不穩定的動力輪出，—般 =人疋錢不到的。此種動力的不穩定輸出 引擎設計上的失誤，而是 原廠 H也的充放電特性， _池的充電電壓是13〜15V，放_是9〜咖， 因此車廠選用14.2V的於雪媸，垂知认〜 〃 錢車輛的所有電子零件的 也須付合14.2V的電愿。 而為改善錯酸電池電壓不穩定的缺失，可使用較小 容量⑽電池與錯酸電池並聯使用，或用大容量的鐘電 池：：代鉛酸電池的使用’但採用大容量鋰電池時因價 釔P貝亚不合經濟效率；如選用鋰電池與鉛酸電池並聯 使用時其所需的工作電壓區間為124〜15V，此時如僅使 用單一種類的鐘電池其工作電壓無法調整至所需的區間 ’例如以四顆鐘短電池串聯後之工作電壓區間為 v其低電壓丨2 V非常接近鉛酸電池的低電壓 12.4V’很容易導致電池過放而損壞，似為三顆鐘猛電 池其工作電壓區間“〜12.6V，電池又會被發電機的 201143255 電壓過充而損碎.a 、狀，改為四顆鋰鐵電池串聯使用豆工# 電壓區間為8〜136 其工作 ，如用5麻.，其尚壓段又無法滿足要求的15V 士用5顆鍾鐵電池串 低壓段與热酸電池的^ ㈣為1〇〜17V，其 車啟動需要大以± f錢近（12.4/5=2.48V)當汽 。 ㈣池也^過放而損壞，殊不理想 【發明内容】201143255 V. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The use of different types of operating voltage ranges for two types of locomotives, emergency generators, and non-inventive systems are related to a battery assembly secondary battery connected in series to form the most appropriate Regulatory tools are used, such as cars, power outage systems, or similar structures. [Prior Art] With the rapid development of technology products, various portable electronic products and electrical equipment have become increasingly popular. However, most of these electronic products come from batteries, so the amount of batteries is reduced. With regard to the charging and discharging characteristics of the pool itself, the classification of the battery can be roughly distinguished by the nature of the electricity and the working properties as follows: 1. The primary battery (pdmary cell) refers to only the battery that can be used - the battery that is under-recharged cannot be recharged. The converted chemical energy is called a primary battery. Common types of such batteries are dry batteries, mercury batteries and alkaline batteries. The application of secondary batteries is the earliest and most widely used. Non-rechargeable batteries sold in the market are almost all such, such as button-type mercury batteries, batteries No. 1 to No. 3. ' 2. The secondary battery refers to a battery that can be reused. Through the process of charging, the active material in the battery can be restored to its original state again, so that it can once again raise the power of 201143255. Such batteries have a lead acid battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, a secondary lithium battery, and a lithium ion battery. ) and polymer lithium battery. 3. The fuel cell is quite different from the above, and is also called a continuous battery. There is no active substance in the yin and yang poles, but it is supplied through an external system, so as long as the active substance is continuously supplied, the battery can be continuously discharged. In the anode portion, the actual oxidation reaction is air or oxygen; and the cathode portion is mainly hydrogen or gas. Such batteries are, for example, hydrogen oxygen fuel cells. Primary batteries are the most expensive and versatile because of their low cost, easy manufacturing, low self-discharge rate, high weight-to-energy ratio (50 to 80 Wh/Kg) and easy portability. However, it has a problem that the power is too small, so that the current is not suitable for the discharge of a large current. Fuel cells are still evolving and are limited by their large size and are mainly used on generator sets or as backup energy sources. Therefore, the battery used for larger current discharge and can be reused is mainly a secondary battery. Taking the secondary battery acting on the automobile as an example, the generator of the automobile is a voltage waveform of the first diagram after the full-wave rectification of the alternator, and the peak is the highest voltage of the generator, generally 14.2V, and the lowest voltage is turned. S;! 201143255 = the voltage of the pool, generally 12, ~ _ look at the acid battery, Xun] 'So the ignition voltage of the Mars plug will drift between 1 'depending on the cylinder ignition: goods ~ voltage to decide 'This - will lead to ignition of each cylinder; pressure::: machine = small is not - of course, the output of the power is also unstable, but also the second; the vehicle has at least 4 cylinders of this unstable power wheel, as usual = People can't afford it. This kind of power unstable output engine design error, but the original factory H also charge and discharge characteristics, _ pool charging voltage is 13~15V, put _ is 9 ~ coffee, so the car factory chooses 14.2V in the snow I know that all the electronic parts of the money vehicle must also pay 14.2V. In order to improve the lack of voltage instability of the wrong acid battery, a smaller capacity (10) battery can be used in parallel with the wrong acid battery, or a large-capacity clock battery can be used: the use of a lead-acid battery is used, but when a large-capacity lithium battery is used, The price 钇P bea is not economical; if the lithium battery is used in parallel with the lead-acid battery, the required operating voltage range is 124~15V. At this time, if only a single type of clock battery is used, the working voltage cannot be adjusted to the required voltage. The interval 'for example, the operating voltage range after connecting four short batteries in series is v. The low voltage 丨 2 V is very close to the low voltage of 12.4V of the lead-acid battery. It is easy to cause the battery to be over-discharged and damaged, like three bells. The operating voltage range of the battery is “~12.6V, and the battery will be overcharged by the generator's 201143255 voltage. A, shape, and four lithium-iron batteries are connected in series. The voltage range is 8~136. If you use 5 hemp., the 15V of the pressure section can not meet the requirements of the 5V iron battery string low pressure section and the hot acid battery ^ (four) is 1〇 ~ 17V, its car start needs to be larger than ± f money ( 12.4/5=2.48V) When the steam. (4) Pool ^ Over-discharge damage, special undesirably SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
種電池組裴置，係利 以搭配出最理想之工 本發明之主要目的，在提供- 用至少二種不同工作電壓的電池， 作電壓區間。 2明之另—目的，在提供—種計算簡單、混搭容 :〶池組的輸出電壓達到理想狀態的電池組之結構 改良。 為達成上述目的，本發明—種電池組裝置，其特徵 於.係由至少二種不同類型之複數個二次電池相互串 =或將4些—次電池串聯—電容，令電池組$置的總 電廢區間及容量更符合機具使用。 如上所述的電池組裝置，其中至少二種不同類型的 、-次電池係為鐘鈷電池、贿電池、經鐵電池、錯酸電 ’也、鎳鑛電池或鎳氫電池等。 如上所述的電池組裝置，視其使用情況可於該電池 組裝置搭配-保護電路使用。對單―電池作特性保護，⑸ 201143255 護電 令電池在充放電過程中不會受傷，也可不搭配該保 路而直接使用。 如上所述的電池組褒置，其中該保護電路包含 旁路電阻，其係與該些二次電池之每—電池並聯；= 測ic，其係分別電連接於該些二次電池之每一電池。 由上可知，本發明具有如下優點： / 1、透過不同工作電麼的带 的电池，任意搭配組合出各種 =合的工作電壓區間，使機具運作更加順暢各: 1、急發電機、不斷電系統UPS或類似結構 2、令電池組的低電麼維持在公稱㈣附近以防 h流啟_造成過放’使電池組提供的㈣更為穩定 護，1、ί、Γ要時可藉由保護電路對單一電池作其特性保 吏电池於充放電的過程不會受傷。 本發明之其_點及具財_可 之詳細說明中，進一步瞭解。 Ts“附圖 【實施方式】 本發明電池組裝置’係視機具所需的工作電壓，而 7财同類社複數個二次電池相互串聯，以汽 =例詞’當隸電池與㈣電池並聯使用時，一方 可使用到錯酸電池價廉容量大的優點又可利㈣鐘電… 7 201143255 池快速充放電的特性，堉、士 一 讓^車電壓穩定在汽車發電機最 向電屢附近，使火屋貧& 妝能…點火電壓穩定在最理想的 ^池組需要的m區間為12.4V〜15V。 其中12.4V為鉛酸電池的最 最高電堡。然，使用單」 為發電機的 “池的傳統方式係無法調配出 所要的工作電壓區間。 本發明之電池組裝置〗係採用 囚此謂·參第A battery pack arrangement is used to match the optimal work of the present invention. The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a voltage range with at least two different operating voltages. 2 Ming-another-purpose, in the provision of a simple calculation, mixing and accommodating: the structure of the battery pack whose output voltage of the Dianchi group reaches an ideal state is improved. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a battery pack device characterized in that a plurality of secondary batteries of at least two different types are connected to each other = or four sub-cells are connected in series - a capacitor, so that the battery pack is set. The total electrical waste interval and capacity are more in line with the use of machinery. The battery pack device as described above, wherein at least two different types of - secondary batteries are a bell-cobalt battery, a brittle battery, an iron-containing battery, a wrong acid battery, a nickel ore battery, or a nickel-hydrogen battery. The battery pack device as described above can be used in the battery pack device-protection circuit depending on its use. For single-battery protection, (5) 201143255 Power protection The battery will not be injured during charging and discharging, or it can be used without the road. The battery pack device as described above, wherein the protection circuit includes a shunt resistor connected in parallel with each of the secondary batteries; = ic, which is electrically connected to each of the secondary batteries battery. As can be seen from the above, the present invention has the following advantages: / 1. Through the battery of different working powers, any combination of various working voltage ranges can be combined to make the operation of the machine smoother: 1. Emergency generator, continuous Electrical system UPS or similar structure 2, so that the battery pack's low power is maintained in the vicinity of the nominal (four) to prevent the h flow start _ causing over-discharge, so that the battery pack provides (four) more stable protection, 1, ί, Γ can borrow The protection circuit has a characteristic of a single battery to ensure that the battery is not injured during charging and discharging. Further details of the present invention will be further explained in the detailed description of the present invention. Ts "FIG. [Embodiment] The battery pack device of the present invention is based on the operating voltage required by the machine, and the plurality of secondary batteries of the same type are connected in series with each other, and the steam is used in parallel with the (four) battery. At the time, one party can use the advantages of low-cost capacity of the wrong acid battery and can be profitable. (4) Clock power... 7 201143255 The characteristics of the rapid charge and discharge of the pool, the voltage of the vehicle is stable, and the voltage of the vehicle is stable. To make the fire house poor & makeup... The ignition voltage is stable in the ideal m pool range of 12.4V~15V. Among them, 12.4V is the highest electricity price of lead-acid batteries. The traditional method of "the pool is unable to allocate the required working voltage range. The battery pack device of the present invention is a prisoner"
顆鐘猛電池1 〇及-如 一 ’ ’裁毛池20串聯而成’鋰錳電池 10的電壓量約為4·2ν〜3ν之間，_電池2G的電壓量 為3.4V〜2V之間，而該電池若要能提供有效電力，則 其電壓係需大於公稱電壓，故錄電池㈣電壓取々π ’而鐘鐵電池20的堂厭％， 电£取3.4V，如此電池組裝置j的 電壓係為4.2Vx2 4· 3 Γ = 2 + 3.4Vx2= 15.2V，此時電池組裝置】The battery of the battery is 1 〇 and - such as a 'cutting pool 20 connected in series' lithium-manganese battery 10 voltage is about 4 · 2 ν ~ 3 ν, _ battery 2G voltage is between 3.4V ~ 2V, If the battery is to provide effective power, the voltage of the battery should be greater than the nominal voltage, so the voltage of the battery (4) is taken as π' and the percentage of the clock-iron battery 20 is 3.4V, so that the battery device j The voltage system is 4.2Vx2 4· 3 Γ = 2 + 3.4Vx2 = 15.2V, at this time, the battery pack device]
最同可耐電壓$ 15.2V ’已超過發電機的最高電壓15V ’故不會有過充的問題。當停車熄火後料池因電壓比 鉛酸電池高而持續對鉛酸電池充電，最後與鉛酸電池保 持电C的平衡。假設鉛酸電池的最低電壓為12.4 V時， 鋰電池的電壓分配《3.5V*2+27V*2 = 124V，其最低電 壓仍維持公稱電壓附近不會因大電流啟動*造成過放。 請參第三圖，當電池組裝置1的工作電壓比鉛酸電 池尚時，較高的工作電壓導致火星塞有較大的點火火花 則月b更有效率的完全燃燒以節省1〇〜15%的燃料費用 8 201143255 。由於電池組裴置i係將— 相互串聯，如二顆贿電^ ig不同類型之該些二次電池 工作電塵充放電的區間為！及兩顆鐘鐵電池別，其 係為該些二次電池串接—〜2 V ’又’電池組裝置1 的工作電壓可達發電機的電池組裝置1飽和時 作電壓的飄移區間，火星：’大大減少了-次工 燒輕6人ϋ 母-人都可均勻的點大火，_ 動力可穩定的輪出故可就為省油。… =第四圖’本發明之電池組裝置〗結合於汽車4 的時車輛的電力系統是完洲^ 之=置Π能達完整的動力輸出。然而，本發明 系统udw，、可結合於鮮1急發錢、不斷電 尔、，此UPS或類似結構者。 、兄可3參第五圖’本發明之電池組裳置r，視其使用情 電路使電池10及兩懸鐵電池20搭配一保護 λ早一電池作特性保護，令電池在充放電過 =不0冗傷’其中該保護電路包含：-旁路電阻3〇， — 電池之母一黾池並聯；一偵測IC40，其 糸刀別电連接於該些二次電池之每一電池。 、 請再參附件—〜二’係台灣某車隊加裝本發明之測 ，、射知安裝本發明後，每公升汽㈣里程數有 明顯的增加，平均超過1〇%。以及車輛研究測試中心 (ARTC)的檢測報告其所排放的c〇及可大量的減少4 9 201143255 ，另經龍華科技大學的初步測驗結果在安裝本發明之後 有車又回的X作電壓，而其所排放的廢氣裡沒有苯 的存在（燃燒較完全）。 、上所述者，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而已，舉凡 七月申凊專利範圍所做之均等設計變化，均應為本 案之技術所涵蓋。 201143255 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係為汽車發電機經全波整流後的電壓波形圖 〇 第二圖係為本發明實施例之電路示意圖。 第三圖係為本發明實施例使用於汽車的電壓波形示 意圖。 第四圖係為本發明實施例結合於汽車的使用示意圖 〇 第五圖係為本發明實施例之另一應用例之電路示音 圖0 ^ 附件一本發明實際安裝於汽車的測驗結果。 附件二車輛研究測試中心（A R T C)的檢測報告。 【主要元件符號說明】 1、電池組 1 、電池組 10、鋰錳電池 20、鋰錳電池 30、旁路保護電路 40、汽車 41 A車錯酸電池The maximum withstand voltage of $ 15.2V ' has exceeded the maximum voltage of the generator by 15V ‘ so there is no overcharge problem. When the tank is turned off, the tank continues to charge the lead-acid battery because the voltage is higher than that of the lead-acid battery, and finally maintains the balance of the electric C with the lead-acid battery. Assuming that the minimum voltage of the lead-acid battery is 12.4 V, the voltage distribution of the lithium battery is 3.5V*2+27V*2 = 124V, and the lowest voltage remains at the vicinity of the nominal voltage and will not be over-discharged due to high current start*. Referring to the third figure, when the operating voltage of the battery pack device 1 is higher than that of the lead-acid battery, the higher working voltage causes the spark plug to have a larger ignition spark, and the monthly b is more efficiently burned to save 1 〇 15 % fuel cost 8 201143255. Since the battery packs are set up in series with each other, such as two bribes and different types of secondary batteries, the working charge and discharge range is! And two bell iron batteries, which are connected to the secondary batteries - ~2 V 'and 'the operating voltage of the battery pack device 1 can reach the voltage drift range of the generator battery unit 1 when saturated, Mars : ' greatly reduced - the number of workers burned 6 people ϋ mother - people can even point a big fire, _ power can be stable round, so it can be fuel-efficient. ... = Fourth Figure 'The battery pack device of the present invention' is integrated into the vehicle 4 when the vehicle's power system is a complete power output. However, the system udw of the present invention can be combined with fresh ones, continually charged, and this UPS or similar structure. The brother can refer to the fifth figure of the fifth figure. The battery pack of the present invention is set to r, and the battery 10 and the two suspended iron batteries 20 are matched with a protection λ early battery for characteristic protection, so that the battery is charged and discharged. It is not 0 cumbersome'. The protection circuit includes: - shunt resistor 3 〇, - the battery is connected in parallel with the battery; a detection IC 40 is electrically connected to each of the secondary batteries. Please refer to the attachment -~2' is a test of the invention of a certain team in Taiwan. After the installation of the invention, there is a significant increase in the number of miles per liter of steam (four), with an average of more than 1%. And the vehicle research and testing center (ARTC) test reports that the emissions of c〇 can be reduced by a large amount of 4 9 201143255, and the preliminary test results of Longhua University of Science and Technology have the X voltage of the vehicle after the installation of the invention, and There is no benzene present in the exhaust gas emitted (complete combustion). The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all the equivalent design changes made in the scope of patent application in July should be covered by the technology of the present invention. 201143255 [Simple description of the diagram] The first diagram is a voltage waveform diagram of the full-wave rectification of the automobile generator. The second diagram is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. The third figure is a schematic diagram of a voltage waveform used in an automobile according to an embodiment of the present invention. The fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the use of the embodiment of the present invention in combination with a car. The fifth figure is a circuit diagram of another application example of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a test result of the present invention actually installed in an automobile. Test report for the Vehicle Research and Testing Center (A R T C) in Annex 2. [Main component symbol description] 1, battery pack 1, battery pack 10, lithium manganese battery 20, lithium manganese battery 30, bypass protection circuit 40, car 41 A car wrong acid battery