CN201749897U

CN201749897U - Battery pack device

Info

Publication number: CN201749897U
Application number: CN2010202148725U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方正强
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2010-05-27
Filing date: 2010-05-27
Publication date: 2011-02-16
Anticipated expiration: 2020-05-27

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery pack device mainly comprising a plurality of secondary batteries that are of two different types and mutually connected in series. The types of the secondary batteries include: a lithium manganese battery or a lithium iron battery. Formed by matching of secondary batteries of different types, the battery pack device can better serve machines and tools for use in working voltage interval and capacity. By randomly matching and combining batteries with different working voltages to produce the working voltage interval most suitable for various machines and tools, the machines and tools such as automotives, locomotives, emergency generators, an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) or a similar structure can operate more smoothly. The low voltage of the battery pack is maintained close to nominal voltage to prevent overdischarge caused by start of large current, so that the voltage provided by the battery pack is more stable. When necessary, characteristic protection can be conducted on a single battery by a protective circuit to avoid damage of batteries during charge and discharge processes.

Description

Battery apparatus

Technical field

The utility model is relevant a kind of battery apparatus, utilize dissimilar secondary cells to connect mutually, form the interval facility that need the tool voltage stabilizing of giving of optimal operating voltage and use, as automobile, locomotive, emergency generator, UPS UPS or similar structures person.

Background technology

Along with the fast development of scientific and technological industry, various portable electronic products and power consumption equipment are popularized day by day, yet the main energy sources great majority of these electronic products come from battery, so make the use amount of battery grow with each passing day.

And can roughly distinguish as follows by the charge-discharge characteristic and the job specification of battery itself about the classification of battery:

1, primary cell (primary cell) is meant the battery that only can be used once, can't replenish by the mode of charging again and be transformed the chemical energy of falling, so be called primary cell.This type of is common dry cell, mercury battery and alkaline battery etc.The application of primary cell is also the most extensive the earliest, and the not rechargeable battery that sells on the market almost all belongs to this type of, as button type mercury battery, No. 1～No. 3 batteries or the like.

2, the battery that can be repeated to use exactly of secondary cell (secondary battery) indication.By the process of charging, can thereby can provide electric power once again so that the active material in the battery is returned to original state once again.The battery of this class has lead-acid battery (lead acid battery), nickel-cadmium cell (nickelcadmium battery), Ni-MH battery (nickel hydrogen battery), serondary lithium battery (secondarylithium battery), contains lithium ion battery (1ithium ion battery) and high-polymer lithium battery (polymerlithium battery) etc.

3, fuel cell (fuel cell) with aforementioned both have sizable differently, continous battery is otherwise known as.Negative and positive the two poles of the earth there is no the existence of active material, but provide by the system of outside, so as long as continue active material, the discharge that battery just can continue be provided.At anode partly, what really carry out oxidation reaction is air or oxygen; Negative electrode then is based on hydrogen or coal gas partly.This type of battery such as hydrogen oxygen fuel cell (hydrogen oxygen fuel cell) etc.

Primary cell because of have low price, easy to manufacture, self-discharge rate is low, high weight energy than (50～80Wh/Kg) and advantage easy to carry, so it is still a kind of that product is the highest, purposes is the widest.But it has the too small problem of power, makes this kind electric current and be not suitable for the discharge of big electric current.And fuel cell is still in development, and is subject to its larger volume, is mainly used on the generating set or is stand-by power source.So, be used in than heavy-current discharge, and reusable battery is based on secondary cell.

With the secondary cell that acts on automobile is example, the generator of automobile is that alternating current generator forms the voltage waveform as Fig. 1 after full-wave rectification, crest is exactly the ceiling voltage of generator, generally be 14.2V, and minimum voltage is exactly the voltage of lead-acid battery, it generally is the electric power storage situation of seeing lead-acid battery between 12.4～12.8V, therefore an ignition voltage of spark plug will drift between 12.4～14.2V, generator generator voltage at that time decides when depending on cylinder firings, the spread of voltage that so can cause every cylinder igniting, the spark size also output of different certain power is also unstable, also will be than excessive fuel consumption.

Because this unsettled power output of the rarest 4 cylinders of vehicle, general driver is imperceptible.The instability output of this kind power is not the error on the former factory engine design, but from the charge-discharge characteristic of lead-acid battery, charging lead-acid cells voltage is 13～15V, discharge voltage is 9～13V, therefore depot selects the generator of 14.2V, the withstand voltage voltage that also must meet 14.2V of all electronic components of vehicle for use.

And be the disappearance of improving the lead-acid battery spread of voltage, can use than the use in parallel of the lithium battery of low capacity, or replace the use of lead-acid battery with jumbo lithium battery with lead-acid battery, but when adopting high-capacity lithium battery because of costing an arm and a leg and not conforming to business efficiency; As its required operating voltage interval is 12.4～15V when selecting the in parallel use with lead-acid battery of lithium battery for use, this moment is as only using its operating voltage of lithium battery of single kind can't be adjusted to required interval, be that its low-voltage of 12～16.8V 12V is very near the low-voltage 12.4V of lead-acid battery for example with the operating voltage interval after the series connection of four lithium-manganese cells, be easy to cause battery to cross to put and damage, if changing its operating voltage interval of three lithium-manganese cells into is 9～12.6V, battery can be overcharged and damage again by the high voltage of generator; As changing the series connection of four lithium Fe batteries into, to use its operating voltage intervals be 8～13.6V, the 15V that its high pressure section can't meet the demands again, as using its operating voltage with 5 lithium Fe battery series connection is 10～17V, the 12.4V of its low pressure stage and lead-acid battery is put and damaged near (12.4/5=2.48V) also easy mistake of battery when automobile starting needs big electric current very much again, and is very undesirable.

The utility model content

Main purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of battery apparatus, utilizes the battery of at least two kinds of different operating voltages, with the optimal operating voltage interval of arranging in pairs or groups out.

Another purpose of the present utility model, be to provide a kind of calculating simple, mix and take easily, make the output voltage of battery pack reach the structural improvement of the battery pack of perfect condition.

For reaching above-mentioned purpose, a kind of battery apparatus of the utility model is connected mutually by at least two kinds of dissimilar a plurality of secondary cells; Or, make the total voltage interval of battery apparatus and capacity more meet facility and use the described secondary cell electric capacity of connecting.

Aforesaid battery apparatus, wherein at least two kinds of dissimilar secondary cells are lithium cobalt battery, lithium-manganese cell, lithium Fe battery, lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium cell or Ni-MH battery etc.

Aforesaid battery apparatus is looked its operating position and can be used in this battery apparatus protective circuit of arranging in pairs or groups.Single battery is done characteristic protection, make the battery can be not injured in charge and discharge process, this protective circuit of also can not arranging in pairs or groups and directly using.

Aforesaid battery apparatus, wherein said protective circuit comprises: a bypass resistance, its each battery with described secondary cell is in parallel; One detects IC, and it is electrically connected on each battery of described secondary cell respectively.

As from the foregoing, the utlity model has following advantage:

1, by the battery of different operating voltage, matched combined goes out the optimal operating voltage of various facility interval arbitrarily, makes the facility running more smooth and easy, as automobile, locomotive, emergency generator, UPS UPS or similar structures person.

2, make the low-voltage of battery pack maintain near the nominal voltage to prevent to cause when the big current start and put, the voltage that battery pack is provided is more stable.

3, can do the protection of its characteristic to single battery by protective circuit where necessary, make the battery can be not injured in charging and discharging process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the voltage oscillogram of automobile current generator after full-wave rectification.

Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the utility model embodiment.

Fig. 3 is used in the voltage waveform view of automobile for the utility model embodiment.

Fig. 4 is incorporated into the use schematic diagram of automobile for the utility model embodiment.

Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of the Another Application example of the utility model embodiment.

Drawing reference numeral:

1, battery apparatus

1 ', battery apparatus

10, lithium-manganese cell

20, lithium-manganese cell

30, bypass protection circuit

40, automobile

41, automobile lead-acid battery

Embodiment

Other characteristics of the present utility model and specific embodiment can further be understood in the detailed description of following conjunction with figs..

The utility model battery apparatus, look the required operating voltage of facility, and connect mutually with at least two kinds of dissimilar a plurality of secondary cells, with the automobile is the example explanation, when with lithium battery use in parallel with lead-acid battery, can use the characteristic that the inexpensive advantage capacious of lead-acid battery can use the lithium battery fast charging and discharging again on the one hand, allow automobile voltage be stabilized near the automobile current generator ceiling voltage, make an ignition voltage of spark plug be stabilized in optimal state, the operating voltage interval that this moment, battery pack needed is 12.4V～15V.Wherein 12.4V is the minimum voltage of lead-acid battery, and 15V is the ceiling voltage of generator.Yet, use the traditional approach of single battery can't mix desired operating voltage interval.

Therefore please refer to Fig. 2, battery apparatus 1 of the present utility model adopts two lithium-manganese cells 10 and two lithium Fe batteries 20 to be in series, the voltage of lithium-manganese cell 10 is about between 4.2V～3V, the voltage of lithium Fe battery 20 is between 3.4V～2V, and this battery can provide active power if want, then its voltage needs greater than nominal voltage, so the voltage of lithium-manganese cell 10 is got 4.2V, and the voltage of lithium Fe battery 20 is got 3.4V, so the voltage of battery apparatus 1 is 4.2V * 2+3.4V * 2=15.2V, this moment, but battery apparatus 1 the highest proof voltage was 15.2V, had surpassed the ceiling voltage 15V of generator, so do not have the problem that overcharges.Lithium battery continues because of the voltage ratio lead-acid battery is high the lead-acid battery charging behind switch-off, at last and the balance of lead-acid battery sustaining voltage.When the minimum voltage of supposing lead-acid battery was 12.4V, the voltage distribution of lithium battery became 3.5V*2+2.7V*2=12.4V, and its minimum voltage can not put because of big current start causes near still keeping nominal voltage.

Please refer to Fig. 3, when the operating voltage of battery apparatus 1 was higher than lead-acid battery, higher operating voltage caused spark to be plugged with bigger pilot spark, then can more efficient completing combustion to save 10～15% fuel cost.Because battery apparatus 1 is that two kinds of dissimilar described secondary cells are connected mutually, as two lithium-manganese cells 10 and two lithium Fe batteries 20, the interval that its operating voltage discharges and recharges is 10～15.2V; Again, battery apparatus 1 is connected in series an electric capacity for described secondary cell, the convenient voltage range of adjusting.Operating voltage when battery apparatus 1 is saturated can reach the ceiling voltage of generator, has significantly reduced between the drift region of one action voltage, and spark plug all can be put big fire at every turn uniformly, and it is more complete to burn, and the output that power can be stable is so can be fuel-efficient just.

Please refer to Fig. 4, battery apparatus 1 of the present utility model is incorporated on the automobile storage battery 41 of automobile 4, and this moment, the electric power system of vehicle was to meet the perfection of former factory design fully, and engine can reach complete power output.Yet battery apparatus 1 of the present utility model also can be incorporated into locomotive, emergency generator, UPS UPS or similar structures person.Electronic vapour/locomotive, oily electric hybrid vehicle, or electric supply installation such as solar cell is also all within range of application.

Please refer to Fig. 5, battery apparatus 1 ' of the present utility model is looked its operating position and can be used in two lithium-manganese cells 10 and two lithium Fe battery 20 collocation one protective circuits.Single battery is done characteristic protection, make the battery can be not injured in charge and discharge process, wherein this protective circuit comprises: a bypass resistance 30, and its each battery with described secondary cell is in parallel; One detects IC40, and it is electrically connected on each battery of described secondary cell respectively.

Please join table one, be the test report that is installed on automobile of the utility model battery apparatus.

Table one

Date	Whether install	Milimeter number	Fuel consumption (kilometer/litre)	Fuel saving (percentage)
					2009/10/07	Do not install	71.4	10.55
	After the installation	71.2	11.89	12.7％
					2009/10/08	Do not install	71.3	12.13
	After the installation	71.2	13.76	13.33％
					2009/10/09	Do not install	71.3	12.31
	After the installation	71.3	13.79	12.03％
					2009/10/10	Do not install	77.7	10.00
	After the installation	109.8	10.00	12.25％
					2009/10/20	Do not install	99.3	10.00
	After the installation	112.7	10.00	14.15％
					2009/10/21	Do not install	100.1	10.00
	After the installation	115.1	10.00	15.00％

As shown in Table 1, after automobile was installed the utility model battery apparatus, the mileage number of every liter of gasoline had tangible increase, on average surpassed 10%.Average every liter of gasoline multirow is sailed 1.43 kilometers, oil-saving rate 13.17%.

Please join table two, for the utility model battery apparatus be installed on automobile after, the examining report of CO, HC and NO content.

Table two

Test event	HC (gram/kilometer)	CO (gram/kilometer)	NO (gram/kilometer)
				Before the installation	0.2861	5.9134	0.3540

After the installation	0.2739	4.2102	0.2837
				Improve	0.0122	1.7032	0.0703
Improvement rate %	4.26％	28.8％	19.86％

As shown in Table 2, after automobile is installed the utility model battery apparatus, the minimizing that the CO that it discharged, HC and NO content can be a large amount of.

In addition, after automobile is installed the utility model battery apparatus, can have higher operating voltage, and not have exist (it is more complete to burn) of benzene in its exhaust gas discharged.

The above person only is preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the impartial design variation of being done according to the utility model claim such as, and the technology that all should be this case contains.

Claims

1. battery apparatus is characterized in that:

Described battery apparatus is composed in series mutually by at least two kinds of dissimilar a plurality of secondary cells;

Wherein, the type of described secondary cell comprises: a lithium-manganese cell or a lithium Fe battery.

2. battery apparatus as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described battery apparatus further comprises an electric capacity and connects with described secondary cell.

3. battery apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, the type of described secondary cell further comprises: lithium cobalt battery, lead-acid battery, nickel-cadmium cell or Ni-MH battery.

4. battery apparatus as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, described secondary cell is electrically connected and a protective circuit, and wherein, described protective circuit comprises:

One bypass resistance, in parallel with each battery of described secondary cell;

One detects IC, is electrically connected on each battery of described secondary cell respectively.

5. an automobile is characterized in that, described automotive interior installing is as the described battery apparatus of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 4.

6. automobile as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, a Vehicular battery of described automotive interior is in parallel with described battery apparatus.

7. a locomotive is characterized in that, the inner installing of described locomotive is as the described battery apparatus of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 4.

8. locomotive as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, a Vehicular battery of described locomotive inside is in parallel with described battery apparatus.

9. a UPS is characterized in that, it is in parallel as the described battery apparatus of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 4 that described UPS inside comprises a storage battery.

10. an electric supply installation is characterized in that, it is in parallel as the described battery apparatus of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 4 that described electric supply installation inside comprises a charge storage element.