201119570 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 置，_花卉之树栽培方法及以 置㈣疋用以栽植球根花卉之水耕栽培方法及其裳置 【先前技術】 球根化什的主要生產方式有兩種：其—為田間土 培，另一則為無土介質栽培。以田間土壤栽典而a f裁 彳害因素造成連作障礙，以及土地f要休耕; 用，且台灣地處於亞熱帶性氣候，二有政運 要集中在山區’容易衍生水土保持的問‘ 質栽培是目前生產球根花卉最主要的栽而'土；; 土介質栽培必須在-期栽培結束之後更換介質，力而^ 成本並衍生廢棄介質處理的問題。g生產 +目前雖有料的水耕栽m卻沒有翻於球根花 什之水耕栽培技術。如巾華民國公告第23鑛號「 培糸統之水位控件」專糖所示，係於—栽培床上^ Γ保聽板，以供_絲，該栽培床—㈣有-輸入 :=水管，：將培養液注入該栽培床内，該裁培床另 :曾貝、又「輸出官及數出水管，可將該栽培床内之培養液 ¥出，且該輸人管及輸出管均連接—培養液槽及—水位控 制裝置，並透過-抽水騎_騎賴狀培養液經: 該輸入管及入水管注入該裁培床，該栽培床内培養液再經 由该出水管及輸出管回流至該培養液槽。 201119570 然而，現有的水耕裁谇 特性。該習知水耕栽培系;球根花卉的生理 培床内的培養液怪維持於一固定=水，控制裝峨^ 根部恆久浸泡於培養液中之揭環度，並使植裁的 花卉而言，容易造成球莖和贫式，如此對於球根 花卉品質。 ☆出根腐爛’影響植株生長及 【發明内容】 本發明之目的係解決弁& 和莖出根賴缺點，叫供_；種=^球根花卉之球莖 ::球根花卉之球莖和莖出根透氣及生二水及排水’有 耕栽培方法及其裝置。 、生長的球根花卉之水 根據本發明球根花齐 植〜系將球根花舟裁植於 ，出根容置於該水耕容器之一容〜：盗’使該球根花卉 容器之容室二直：=之待 莖出根呈浸泡於該培為止排使該球根花卉大部分^ 之容室内的培步:;利用-出液管 =訂降至-低液面為止，^朗該培養液之液 寺尚’且該出液管連…的取高點與該高 ，度;及一計時步 端的高度高於； 覆該注水步驟及排水步驟。間1^一預設時間後 么态，内部具有一容室；一 —5 201119570 入，管，一端連通該供液槽，另一端連通該容室； 液官’具有-第-端及一第二端，該第一端連通該二出 ，二端連通該供液槽.，該第二端之端口低於該c ’ 方而口，且該出液管另設有一迴管部；其中，該办〜 Z部等高位置具有一高液面，該容室與該第一：::該翅 尚位置具有一低液面。 而口等 【實施方式】 為讓本發明之上述及其他目的、特徵及優點能更 ，下謂舉本發日狀較佳實麵，並 ”、'、 作詳細說明如下： 以付圖式， ，參照第！圖所示，本發明球根花卉之水耕栽拉裝 二了供液槽卜—水耕容器2、—人液管3、及一出、= 中’該供液槽1係可供盛裝培養液，該水耕容哭2 養^，植球根花卉’該人液管3係將該供液槽 ==該水耕容器2,該出液管4則是將該娜 °°内之培養液引導回流至該供液槽1。 j液^ 1係可供盛裝培養液。該水耕容器2係具有 裁種匕21及一栽種板22，該栽種槽21具有一底板如 : = 外周緣均延伸有側板212，各麵 ^开Μ有-容室213，各該側板212之頂緣形成有一開口 …。亥栽種板22係設置於該栽種槽21之開口 214處，且 。亥栽種板22上穿設有數個栽種孔奶。 ^ Λ入液貧3之一端係連通該供液槽1，另一端則連通 玄栽種匕21之谷室213，且該入液管3連接有-泵浦31 201119570 ，該泵浦31另連接有一控制單元32。 該出液管4係具有一第一端41及一第二端.42，該第 一端41係設置於該栽種槽21之底板211並與該容室213 相連通，該第二端42則連通該供液槽1。 另外，該出液管4具有一迴管部43及一調整伸縮部 44，該迴管部43位於該出液管4之最高點，該調整伸縮部 44係可調整該出液管4的長度，進而可調整該迴管部43 相對該容室213内底板211的高度。再者，該出液管4之 第一端41另設有一調整管45，該調整管45係呈可移動的 設置於該出液管4之第一端41，使該調整管45可相對於 該出液管4呈軸向伸縮，並使該調整管45之一端可在該容 室213内的底板211凸出一高度距離。 參照第1及4圖所示，該栽種槽21之容室213内與 該迴管部43等高位置具有一高液面Η，且當調整該迴管部 43的高度時，該高液面Η的位置亦隨著該迴管部43而改 變。該栽種槽21之容室213内與該出液管4的第一端41 端口等高位置具有一低液面L，且當調整該調整管45的位 置而改變該第一端41之端口高度時，該低液面L的位置 亦隨著該端口高度而改變。 再參照第1及2圖所示，本發明球根花卉之水耕栽培 方法係包含一栽植步驟S1、一注水步驟S2、一排水步驟 S3及一計時步驟S4。 該栽植步驟S1係將球根花卉栽植於一水耕容器2,其 係將球根花卉栽植於該水耕容器2之栽種板22的各栽種孔 221中，使各該球根花卉之莖出根可經由各該栽種孔221 201119570 曝，於該裁種槽21之容室213中，而各該球 、 葉等部位則位於該容室213之外。 - < 匕汁化、 主水步驟S2係將該供液槽丨 種槽21内，直到該培養液之液位高声古^f 該栽 高度為止。更詳言之，該注水步液面_ 32 ^ S2係利用該控制單元 二=泵_31㈣’持續將該供料 養餘由該人液管3引紐人該栽種槽2ι之容室^ : 養液之液面高度接近各該球根花卉之 球根化卉大部分之莖出根浸泡於該培養液中。使各该 —另外，在該容室2Π内注入培養液的過程中， $谷室213之部分培養液亦流入該出液f 4中，美於 =該:液管4内之培養液的液面高度亦隨:該‘ 内之培養㈣液面高度同步升高， 高度仍低於該高液面Η (迴管部43)_，因;== =迴管部43，使容室213内之培養液的液面高度;持續 纽人該容室213内之培養液的㈣高度高於該高液 面叫，該泵浦31即停止運轉（如第1圖所示）。其中， ，泵浦31運轉的時間.，係可藉由預先量測該栽種槽2 畜水量，並利用流量計或計時器控制該果浦31的注水 注水時間，即可依照需求控制該泵浦31於預定時間或= 液位高度停止運轉。 、疋 該排水步驟S3係將該水耕容器2内之培養液排出至 雜液槽1，直到該培養液之液位高度下降至該低液 的高度為止。更詳言之，當容室213内之培養液的液面内 201119570 度高於該高液面Η時，該出液管4内之培養液亦同時通過 '該迴管部43，且由於該出液管4的第二端42之端口在高 度上低於該第一端41之端口，故可藉由虹吸原理使該栽種 槽21之容室213内的培養液經由該出液管4回流至該供液 槽1，直到該容室213内之培養液的液面高度下降至該低 液面L為止（如第3圖所示），令該培養液之液面高度接 近各該球根花卉之莖出根末端，使各該球根花卉之莖出根 大部分暴露於空氣中而未接觸該培養液。 # 該計時步驟S4係由前述注水步驟S2停止注水的時間 點作為計時起點，待間隔一預設時間之後，該控制單元32 會再次啟動該栗浦31重覆前述該注水步驟S2及排水步驟 S3，以便週期性的供給該球根花卉之莖出根足夠的養分， 且能避免球莖和莖出根因浸泡時間過長而腐爛的狀況發生 ，進一步提升植株生長及花卉品質。 另外，若要延長各該球根花卉之莖出根浸泡培養液的 時間，可在該容室213内之培養液的液面高度高於該高液 ® 面Η時（容室213内的培養液已經由該出液管4持續排出 )，令該泵浦31仍持續運轉一預設時間，可經由該入液管 3持績將培養液注入該容室213 ’以維持該培養液之液面南 度在該預設時間内均維持高於該高液面Η。 ' 另外，參照第4圖所示，該出液管4係可係透過該調 • 整伸縮部44而改變其迴管部43的高度，進而改變該容室 213内之高液面Η高度，且該出液管4亦可透過該調整管 45而改變其第一端41之端口高度，進而改變該容室213 内之低液面L高度。 201119570 如上所述，本發明係呈週期性的重覆於該水 。 :::注:，養液，使該容室内之培養次： μ ΐ 面差距，創造出適合雜&卉之球莖和贫出 根長的根系微氣候，有利於球莖和莖出根的透氣和生長 。而^；，本發明係虹吸原理將該容室内之培養液排^ 成:需使用額外的㈣或水位控制器，可節省設備及電力 軸本發明已上賴轉補縣，财並 以限定本發明，任何熟習此技蓺者 仪π考在不脫離本發明之精神 和耗圍之内’相社述實施㈣行各贱動婦改 發明所保護之技術範疇，因此本發 之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。附 201119570 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖：本發明球根花之 第2圖:本發明球根花卉之培裝置平面圖。 第3圖：本發财_ λ耕細方法步驟圖。 第4圖：本發明水耕㈣不意圖（-）。 犮置之貫施示意圖（二）。201119570 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] Set, _ flower tree cultivation method and hydroponic cultivation method for planting bulb flower with set (4) 及其 and its skirting [Prior Art] The main production of bulbous There are two ways: it is soil cultivation in the field, and the other is cultivation in soilless medium. In the field of soil planting and af cutting factors caused by continuous cropping obstacles, and land f to fallow; use, and Taiwan is in a subtropical climate, and two political activities should be concentrated in the mountainous area 'easy to derive soil and water conservation' quality cultivation is At present, the most important plant for the production of bulbous flowers is 'soil'; soil medium cultivation must replace the medium after the end of the cultivation period, and the cost and the problem of waste medium treatment. g production + Although the current hydroponic cultivation m has not turned over the bulbous cultivation techniques. As indicated in the No. 23 mine number of the Republic of China Announcement, the water level control of the Pei Tong system is shown on the cultivation bed ^ Γ 保 listening board for _ silk, the cultivation bed - (4) has - input: = water pipe, : injecting the culture solution into the cultivation bed, the cutting bed is another: Zengbei, and the "output officer and the number of outlet pipes, the culture liquid in the cultivation bed can be taken out, and the input pipe and the output pipe are connected. - the culture tank and the water level control device, and through the pumping ride _ riding the sloping medium through: the inlet pipe and the inlet pipe are injected into the cutting bed, and the culture solution in the cultivation bed is recirculated through the outlet pipe and the outlet pipe To the culture tank. 201119570 However, the existing hydroponic cropping characteristics. The conventional hydroponic cultivation system; the culture solution in the physiological culture bed of the bulb flower is kept at a fixed = water, control decoration ^ root long-term soaking The degree of uncovering in the culture solution, and the planting of the flower, is easy to cause bulbs and lean, so for the quality of the bulb flower. ☆ Root rot' affects plant growth and [invention] The object of the present invention is to solve弁& and stems out of the disadvantages, called for _; species = ^ Root flower bulbs:: bulbs and stems of bulbs and stems are ventilated and raw water and drainage 'has cultivated methods and devices. The bulbs of growing flowers are planted according to the present invention. Cut into the roots of one of the hydroponic containers ~: Pirates make the bulbs of the flower container container straight: = the stems of the stems are soaked in the cultivation so that the bulbs are mostly ^ The interior of the room: the use of - discharge tube = set down to - low liquid level, ^ Lang the culture liquid of the liquid temple is still 'and the outlet pipe connected to the high point and the height, degree And the height of a timing step is higher than; the water filling step and the draining step are covered. The first step is after a preset time, and the interior has a chamber; a -5 201119570 is inserted into the tube, and one end is connected to the liquid supply tank. The other end is connected to the chamber; the liquid official' has a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to the two ends, and the two ends are connected to the liquid supply tank. The port of the second end is lower than the c' The outlet pipe is further provided with a return pipe portion; wherein the office-to-Z contour position has a high liquid level, And the first::: the fin has a low liquid level at the position of the fin. The embodiment and the other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are further improved. The solid side, and ", ', as detailed description is as follows: To pay for the map, refer to the first! As shown in the figure, the water-planting of the bulb flower of the present invention has two liquid supply tanks - a hydroponic container 2, a human liquid tube 3, and an outlet, = medium 'the liquid supply tank 1 is suitable for containing the culture liquid , the water cultivating crying 2 raising ^, planting the bulb flower 'the liquid tube 3 system the liquid supply tank == the hydroponic container 2, the liquid outlet tube 4 is to guide the culture solution within the Na ° ° The liquid is returned to the liquid supply tank 1. j liquid ^ 1 series can be used to hold the culture solution. The cultivating container 2 has a cutting hoe 21 and a seeding plate 22, and the planting tank 21 has a bottom plate such as: = a peripheral plate 212 extending from the outer periphery, each surface having a cavity 213, each of the side plates 212 The top edge is formed with an opening. The planting plate 22 is disposed at the opening 214 of the planting tank 21, and is provided. There are several kinds of planted hole milk on the planting board 22. ^ One end of the intrusion liquid 3 is connected to the liquid supply tank 1, and the other end is connected to the trough chamber 213 of the juxtaposition plant 21, and the liquid inlet pipe 3 is connected with a pump 31 201119570, and the pump 31 is connected to another Control unit 32. The outlet tube 4 has a first end 41 and a second end .42. The first end 41 is disposed on the bottom plate 211 of the planting trough 21 and communicates with the chamber 213. The second end 42 is The liquid supply tank 1 is connected. In addition, the liquid discharge pipe 4 has a return pipe portion 43 and an adjustment expansion and contraction portion 44. The return pipe portion 43 is located at the highest point of the liquid discharge pipe 4, and the adjustment expansion and contraction portion 44 can adjust the length of the liquid discharge pipe 4. Further, the height of the return pipe portion 43 with respect to the bottom plate 211 of the chamber 213 can be adjusted. Furthermore, the first end 41 of the liquid outlet tube 4 is further provided with an adjusting tube 45. The adjusting tube 45 is movably disposed at the first end 41 of the liquid discharging tube 4, so that the adjusting tube 45 can be opposite to the adjusting tube 45. The liquid discharge tube 4 is axially stretched, and one end of the adjustment tube 45 can protrude a height distance from the bottom plate 211 in the chamber 213. Referring to Figures 1 and 4, the chamber 213 of the planting tank 21 has a high liquid level at the same height as the return portion 43, and the high level is adjusted when the height of the return portion 43 is adjusted. The position of the cymbal also changes with the return pipe portion 43. The chamber 213 of the planting tank 21 has a low liquid level L at the same height as the port of the first end 41 of the liquid outlet tube 4, and the height of the port of the first end 41 is changed when the position of the adjusting tube 45 is adjusted. At the time, the position of the low liquid level L also changes with the height of the port. Referring again to Figures 1 and 2, the hydroponic cultivation method of the bulbous flower of the present invention comprises a planting step S1, a water injecting step S2, a draining step S3 and a timing step S4. The planting step S1 is to plant the bulb flower in a hydroponic container 2, which is planted in each planting hole 221 of the planting plate 22 of the hydroponic container 2, so that the stem of each bulb flower can be rooted through Each of the planting holes 221 201119570 is exposed in the chamber 213 of the cutting tank 21, and each of the balls, leaves and the like is located outside the chamber 213. - < mashing, main water step S2 is to feed the liquid supply tank into the tank 21 until the liquid level of the culture liquid is high. More specifically, the water level of the water injection step _ 32 ^ S2 is the use of the control unit two = pump _31 (four) 'continue the supply of surplus material from the person liquid tube 3 lead the person to plant the trough 2 ι 容 room ^ : raise The liquid level of the liquid is close to the bulbous root of each of the bulbous flowers. Most of the stem stems are soaked in the culture solution. In addition, in the process of injecting the culture solution into the chamber 2, a portion of the culture solution of the trough 213 also flows into the outlet f 4 , which is beautiful: the liquid of the culture solution in the liquid tube 4 The height of the surface is also accompanied by: the inner culture (4) the liquid level is synchronously increased, and the height is still lower than the high liquid level Η (return pipe 43)_, because; == = the return pipe portion 43 is made inside the chamber 213 The liquid level of the culture solution; the height of the culture liquid in the chamber 213 is higher than the high liquid level, and the pump 31 is stopped (as shown in Fig. 1). Wherein, the pump 31 is operated for a period of time, and the pump can be controlled according to the demand by measuring the amount of the water in the planting tank 2 in advance, and controlling the water injection time of the fruit pump 31 by using a flow meter or a timer. 31 stops at the scheduled time or = liquid level.排水 The draining step S3 discharges the culture solution in the hydroponic container 2 to the miscellaneous tank 1 until the liquid level of the culture solution drops to the height of the low liquid. More specifically, when the liquid level of the culture solution in the chamber 213 is higher than the high liquid level 2011, the culture liquid in the liquid discharge tube 4 also passes through the 'return portion 43 at the same time, and The port of the second end 42 of the liquid outlet tube 4 is lower in height than the port of the first end 41, so that the culture liquid in the chamber 213 of the planting tank 21 can be recirculated through the liquid outlet tube 4 by the principle of siphoning. Up to the liquid supply tank 1, until the liquid level of the culture liquid in the chamber 213 drops to the low liquid level L (as shown in FIG. 3), so that the liquid level of the culture liquid is close to each of the flower bulbs The stems are rooted at the end so that most of the stems of the bulbs are exposed to the air without contacting the culture solution. # The timing step S4 is the time point at which the water injection is stopped by the water injection step S2 as the timing start point. After a predetermined time interval, the control unit 32 restarts the Lipu 31 to repeat the water injection step S2 and the drainage step S3. In order to periodically supply enough nutrients to the stem of the bulb flower, and to avoid the rot of the bulb and stem root due to excessive soaking time, further improving plant growth and flower quality. In addition, if the time for immersing the culture solution in the stem of each bulb flower is extended, the liquid level of the culture solution in the chamber 213 may be higher than the height of the liquid solution (the medium in the chamber 213). The pump 31 has been continuously discharged for a predetermined period of time, and the culture liquid can be injected into the chamber 213' via the inlet tube 3 to maintain the liquid level of the culture solution. The south degree is maintained above the high liquid level 该 during the preset time. Further, as shown in Fig. 4, the liquid discharge pipe 4 can change the height of the return pipe portion 43 through the adjustment and contraction portion 44, thereby changing the height of the high liquid level in the chamber 213. Moreover, the liquid outlet tube 4 can also change the height of the port of the first end 41 through the adjusting tube 45, thereby changing the height of the low liquid surface L in the chamber 213. 201119570 As described above, the present invention periodically repeats the water. :::Note: Nutrient, so that the chamber is cultured: μ ΐ The gap is created to create a micro-climate suitable for the bulbs of the hybrid & the roots of the plants, which is beneficial to the ventilation of the bulbs and stems. And growing. And ^;, the present invention is the principle of siphoning the culture medium in the chamber: need to use an additional (four) or water level controller, can save equipment and power shaft. The invention has been on the basis of the county, the fiscal limit The invention is not limited to the spirit and the scope of the present invention, and the technical scope of the invention is protected by the implementation of the invention. The definition is subject to change. Attachment 201119570 [Simple description of the drawing] Fig. 1 : The bulb flower of the present invention Fig. 2: Plan view of the culture apparatus of the bulb flower of the present invention. Figure 3: This is the way to make a profit _ λ tillage method. Figure 4: Hydroponic (four) of the present invention is not intended (-). Schematic diagram of the implementation of the device (2).
【主要元件符號說明】 1 供液槽 211底板 213容室 22栽種板 32控制單元 42第二端 44調整伸縮部 L 低液面 S2注水步驟 S4 計時步驟 2 水耕容器 21栽種槽 212側板 214 開口 221栽種孔 3 入液管 31粟浦 4 出液管 41第一端 43 迴管部 45調整管· Η 南液面 S1 栽植步驟 S3排水步驟[Main component symbol description] 1 liquid supply tank 211 bottom plate 213 chamber 22 planting plate 32 control unit 42 second end 44 adjustment expansion section L low liquid surface S2 water injection step S4 timing step 2 hydroponic container 21 planting tank 212 side plate 214 opening 221 planting hole 3 inlet pipe 31 spur 4 outlet pipe 41 first end 43 return pipe 45 adjustment pipe · Η South liquid surface S1 planting step S3 drainage step