201108568 六、發明說明： ^ 【發明所屬之技術領域】 * 本發明係有關於一種包括場磁鐵及與該場磁鐵相對向 的電柩的線性馬達。 【先前技術】 習知上，係有一種為人所知的線性馬達，其包括：場 磁鐵，具有板形狀的基部及排列於該基部的複數個磁石； 以及電樞，與該場磁鐵相對向而設，具有相對向於磁石的 電樞芯及設於該電樞芯的線圈，且沿磁石排列方向移動（參 照例如專利文獻1)。 於基部，在沿著垂直於磁石排列的方向、並平行於相 對向於磁石的電框芯的相對面的直線的兩端部’沿者磁石 排列的方向形成有複數個安裝孔。於這些安裝孔穿通有固 定螺釘，而將場磁鐵安裝於支持構件。 (先前技術文獻） (專利文獻） 專利文獻1 :日本特表2000-501274號公報 【發明内容】 (發明欲解決之課題） 為了增大由磁石發出而鏈結於電樞的磁通的量，而提 出有以下想法：使沿著垂直於磁石的排列方向、且平行於 相對向於磁石的電樞芯的相對面的直線的磁石的尺寸，較 沿者該直線的電框怒的尺寸要大。 然而，該者的情形中，為了使沿著垂直於磁石的排列 4 322080 201108568 方向、且為平行於相對向於磁石的電框怎的相對面的直線 0 的磁石的尺寸較沿者該直線的電彳區芯的尺寸要大’則必需 使沿著該直線的安裝孔間的尺寸變大。 結果，沿著該直線的基部的尺寸變大，而有著使線性 馬達大型化的問題點。 本發明係提供一種在增大來自鏈結於電樞芯的磁石之 磁通量，並可抑制大型化的線性馬達（linear motor)。 (解決課題的手段） 本發明之線性馬達係包括：場磁鐵，係具有基部及排 列於該基部的複數個磁石；以及電樞，係具有相對向於前 述磁石的電框芯及設於該電框怎的線圈’並沿者前述磁石 之排列方向相對於前述場磁鐵移動；並且，於沿著前述磁 石之排列方向觀視時，相對向於前述磁石的前述電枢芯的 相對面的全部區域係相對向於前述磁石；且在沿著垂直於 前述相對面的方向觀視時，複數個前述磁石中，一部份的 磁石係沿著交叉於前述磁石之排列方向的直線相對於前述 電樞芯朝一方向偏移而使一端部從前述電柩芯突出，而剩 餘的磁石係相對於前述電枢芯朝相反於前述一方向的方向 偏移而使一端部從前述電樞芯突出，在前述基部，於離開 前述磁石而於相反於前述磁石的偏移方向之方向的區域形 成有安裝孔。 (發明的效果） 根據本發明之線性馬達，於沿著磁石排列的方向觀視 時，電樞芯的相對面的全部區域係相對向於磁石，沿著垂 5 322080 201108568 ^於相對向於磁石的電樞芯的相對面的方向觀視時，複數 2中部份的磁石係沿著交叉於磁石的排列方向的 f線相對於電樞芯朝—方向偏移而使—端部從電樞芯突 出，且剩餘磁石係相對於電樞芯朝相反於一方向的方向偏 移而一端部係從電樞芯突出，並於基部在離開磁石而於磁 石的偏移方向之相反方向的區域形成有安裳孔，因此使沿 1 垂直於磁石制方向、且平行於相對向於磁石的電插芯 的相對面的磁石的尺寸，較沿著該直線的電樞芯的尺寸要 大，而可增大來自鏈結於電樞芯的磁石的磁通量，並且， 抑制了基部的尺寸變大並可抑制線性馬達的大型化。 【實施方式】 以下根據圖式說明本發明之各實施形態，而在各圖中 =樣或相當的構件、部位，係附上同樣的元件符號予以 說明。 (第一實施形態） 第1圖係顯示本實施形態的線性馬達的平面圖，第2 圖係顯示第1圖的線性馬達的正面圖。 t實施形態的線性馬達係包括：場磁鐵1、及相對向 於該場磁鐵1的電樞2。 場磁鐵i係具有平板狀的基部3、及沿著直201108568 VI. Description of the Invention: ^ TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a linear motor including a field magnet and an electric field opposed to the field magnet. [Prior Art] Conventionally, there is a known linear motor comprising: a field magnet having a plate-shaped base and a plurality of magnets arranged at the base; and an armature opposite to the field magnet Further, the armature core facing the magnet and the coil provided on the armature core are moved in the magnet arrangement direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1). At the base portion, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the direction in which the magnets are arranged in the direction of the magnets arranged in the direction parallel to the magnet array and parallel to the opposite faces of the opposite faces of the electric core of the magnet. These mounting holes are threaded through the fixing screws, and the field magnets are attached to the supporting members. (Prior Art Document) (Patent Document) Patent Document 1: JP-A-2000-501274 SUMMARY OF INVENTION [Problem to be Solved by the Invention] In order to increase the amount of magnetic flux that is emitted from a magnet and is linked to an armature, It has been proposed that the size of the magnet along a line perpendicular to the direction of arrangement of the magnets and parallel to the opposite faces of the armature cores facing the magnets is larger than the size of the frame anger along the line. . However, in the case of this, in order to make the size of the magnet along the line 0 which is perpendicular to the arrangement of the magnets in the direction of 4 322080 201108568 and parallel to the opposite face of the frame facing the magnet, the size of the magnet is higher than that along the line. If the size of the core of the electric core is large, it is necessary to increase the size between the mounting holes along the straight line. As a result, the size of the base along the straight line becomes large, and there is a problem that the linear motor is enlarged. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a linear motor which can increase the magnetic flux from a magnet chained to an armature core and can suppress an increase in size. (Means for Solving the Problem) The linear motor of the present invention includes: a field magnet having a base and a plurality of magnets arranged at the base; and an armature having an electric frame core facing the magnet and being disposed on the electric a coil of the frame 'and the direction in which the magnets are arranged to move relative to the field magnet; and, when viewed along the direction in which the magnets are arranged, the entire area of the opposite side of the armature core of the magnet Relative to the magnet; and when viewed along a direction perpendicular to the opposite surface, a portion of the plurality of magnets are along a line intersecting the direction of arrangement of the magnets with respect to the armature The core is offset in one direction such that one end protrudes from the electric core, and the remaining magnets are offset from the armature core in a direction opposite to the one direction, and one end protrudes from the armature core, The base portion is formed with a mounting hole in a region away from the magnet and in a direction opposite to the direction in which the magnet is displaced. (Effect of the Invention) According to the linear motor of the present invention, when viewed in the direction in which the magnets are arranged, the entire area of the opposite faces of the armature core is opposed to the magnet, and is perpendicular to the magnet along the sag 5 322080 201108568 ^ When the opposite side of the armature core is viewed in the direction, the magnets of the plurality 2 are offset along the f-line of the arrangement direction of the magnets with respect to the armature core, and the ends are from the armature. The core is protruded, and the remaining magnet is offset from the armature core in a direction opposite to a direction, and one end is protruded from the armature core, and is formed at a region of the base opposite to the direction in which the magnet is displaced from the magnet. There is an aperture, so that the size of the magnet perpendicular to the direction of the magnet and parallel to the opposite side of the electric ferrule facing the magnet is larger than the size of the armature core along the line. The magnetic flux from the magnets linked to the armature core is increased, and the size of the base is suppressed from being increased, and the size of the linear motor can be suppressed. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, and the same reference numerals will be given to the components and parts in the drawings. (First Embodiment) Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a linear motor of the present embodiment, and Fig. 2 is a front view showing a linear motor of Fig. 1. The linear motor of the embodiment includes a field magnet 1 and an armature 2 opposed to the field magnet 1. The field magnet i has a flat base 3 and is straight along
ί排列於基部3的碰舰石4。各磁石4係全部形成同 樣的長方體形狀。J 電樞2係具有相對向於磁石4的電樞芯5、及設 電樞芯5的線圈6。 322080 6 201108568 ' 冑樞2係將其與場磁鐵1間的距離保持在預定的間隙 -長的狀態下，由沿磁石所排列的方向導引電樞2的導引裝 置（未圖示）所支持。 電樞芯5係藉由通電至線圈6而磁化。電樞2係利用 電樞芯5及磁石4之間所產生的磁力，沿著磁石4排列的 方向相對於場磁鐵1移動。 。基部3係由鐵所構成。其中’基部3並不限於鐵，而 只要是能藉由周圍的磁場磁化的材料即可。 磁石4係配置成使相鄰的磁極為相異。 於本實施形態，係將沿著垂直於磁石4的排列方向（也 就是電樞2的移動方向）、且為平行於相對向於磁石4的電 枢芯5的相對面5a的直線的一方向設為A方向。再者，於 其他的實施形態中，亦同樣如此。 各磁石4的長度方向係沿著A方向。各磁石4沿著a 方向的尺寸L2 ’係較沿著a方向的電插芯5的尺寸L 大。 夕於沿著垂直於相對面的方向觀視時，相鄰的磁石4 係相對於電樞心5沿著a方向相互地朝相反方向偏移同樣 的里。又，相鄰的磁石4的偏移量亦可不相同。 由於各磁;5 4係相對於電樞芯5偏移同樣的量，故, 著垂直於相對面5a的方向觀視時，各磁石4的—端部 係從電框芯5沿著A方向均等地突出。再者，各磁石4的 一端部4 a係不限於沿著A方向突出，只要從垂直於電樞芯 5的相對面5a的方向觀視時，沿著對磁石4排列的方向： 322080 7 201108568 叉的直線，從電樞芯5突出即可。 各磁石4的另一端部4b、以及沿著 的端部，在沿著垂直於相對面5a的方向觀視 著磁石4排列的方向的同一直線上。 、糸< 於沿 # ^"1，沿著磁石4侧的方向觀視時，電㈣5 _ 子面5a的全部區域係相對向於磁石4。 再者，各磁石4的另-端部4b亦可於沿著垂直於相對 面5a的方向觀視時，從電樞芯5突出。然而，這種情形， 另一端部4b的突出量係較一端部4a的突出量要小。月 /於基部3, ϋ定螺釘（未圖示）所穿通的複數個安裝孔 3a係避開各磁石4而形成。場磁鐵j係藉由穿通過安裝孔 3a的固定螺釘安裝於支持構件（未圖示）。 、 〜該安裝孔3a在沿著垂直於相對面5a的方向觀視時， 係形成於從磁石4往相反於磁石4的偏移方向之方向遠離 的基部3的區域。又，該安裝孔3a的—部份’在沿著垂直 於相對面5a的方向觀視時，相較於穿過各磁石4的突出側 的-端部4a _直線，係沿著A方向深人基部3的内側。 藉此，即使使沿著A方向的磁石4的尺寸L2作成為較 沿著A方向的電樞芯5的尺寸u為大，亦可抑制沿著a方 向的安裝孔3a間的尺寸L3變大。 接著，說明關於透過使沿著A方向的磁石4的尺寸 較沿著A方向的電樞芯5的尺寸L1大的效果。 第3圖係沿著A方向的磁石4的尺寸L2與電樞芯5的 尺寸L1為相等的情形的線性馬達之主要部位的側面圖，第 322080 8 201108568 ‘ 4圖係顯示第】圖的線性馬達的主要部位的侧面圖。 方㈣磁石4的尺寸L2與電樞芯5的 L1為相㈣情形，從㈣於電枢芯5的端部的磁石&的區 域發出的磁通沒有與電樞芯5鏈結而到達基部3。 相對於此，本實施形態的線性馬達中，使從相對向於 電樞心5的端部的磁石4的區域發出的磁通鍵結於電框芯 5 ’以增大鏈結於電樞芯5的磁通的量。 結果，可增加於線圈6產生的逆電動勢。 接著，說明關於產生於本實施形態的線性馬達的基 3之最大撓曲D。 ° 於場磁鐵1及電樞2之間，因磁力而相互產生吸引力。 是故，基部3其沿著Λ方向的中間部係朝向電樞2撓 曲。 若僅考慮場磁鐵1及電樞2相互相對向的區域，則作 用於場磁鐵1及電樞2之間的吸引力，係在沿著a方向偏 及安裝孔3a間加諸以幾乎均等的荷重，故基部3的最大撓 曲D係透過下列的算式（丨）計算。 D«：(wxL34 )/ ( 3 84xExI) .⑴ 於此，w係每單位長的荷重、e係基部3的縱彈性係數、 I係剖面二次力矩（moment)。 其中’ W係作用於場磁鐵1及電樞2之間的吸引力及 重力的每單位長度的換算值。又，E係根據基部3的材料 所決定的係數。 上述的算式（1)中，I係藉由基部3的剖面形狀所決定 9 322080 201108568 . 者，在長方形剖面的情形，係使用基部3的厚度h及幅寬 b ’透過下列算式（2)計算。 I=(l/12)xbxh3 (2) 透過代入上述的算式（2)至上述的算式（1)，能得到下 列的鼻式（3 )。 D°c(wxL34)/(384xExbxh3) (3) 由上述算式（3)可知，當L3越大，最大撓曲d也會變 得越大。推測由於最大撓曲D變大，致使場磁鐵丨與電樞 2相互摩擦，而使場磁鐵丨及電樞2的至少一方會破損。 於習知的線性馬達，由於沿著A方向的安裝孔3a間的 尺寸L3變大，故為了抑制最大撓曲d的變大，基部3的厚 度h亦不得不變大。 從而，習知的線性馬達使其場磁鐵丨大型化，而使得 線性馬達的重量變大。 相對於此，於本實施形態的線性馬達，由於可抑制沿 著A方向的安裝孔3a間的尺寸L3的變大，故即使縮小了 基部3的厚度h的情形，亦可設計為與習知的線性馬達大 致相等的最大撓曲D。 具體而言，於習知的線性馬達，在L3=5〇mm、h=1〇mm 的情形，而於本實施形態的線性馬達L3=4〇mm的情形中， 係在成為h=7. 4mm之時成為與習知的線性馬達的基部3大 致相等的最大撓曲D。 如此，由於可縮小基部3的厚度h，故可縮小用於設 置線性馬達的空間，又，亦可謀求線性馬達的輕量化。 322080 201108568 如以上說明，根據本實施形態的線性馬達，於 直於相對面5㈣方向觀視時，複數個磁石4中，二 :石:、相對於電框芯5朝八方向偏移而使一端部知二區 心5犬出，剩餘的磁石係相對於電樞芯5朝與^方向相反 的方向偏移而使-端部4a而從電樞芯5突出，於基部3， 由於在離開磁石4位於相反於磁石4的偏移方向的土^向的 區域形成有安裝孔3a，故使得沿著A方向的磁石4的尺寸 L2較沿著A方向的電樞芯5的尺寸u為大，而可辦大從 鏈結於電樞芯5的磁石4發出的磁通量，並且，^了 & 3的尺寸L3的變大’而可抑制線性馬達的大型化。 又’即使在基部3為板狀的情形，亦可抑制沿著A方 向的安裝孔3a _尺寸L3變大，故沒有減低基部3的最 大撓曲D的必要，結果，可抑制基部3的厚度卜變大。 又，由於相互相鄰的磁石4的各者的偏移方向為相互 相反的方向，故各安裝孔3a可沿著磁石4的移動方向配置 於各磁石4的附近。 …結果’可使安m沿輸2的移動方向以等間隔 形成。又’可形成多個安裝孔3a。 又，從垂直於相對面5a的方向觀視時，磁石4的另一 端部4b及沿著A方向的電樞芯5的端部係位於沿著磁石* =列方向的同—直線上’故可讓沿著A方向的安裝孔知間 的尺寸L3為最小。 再者，於本實施形態中，雖以沿著磁石4排列的方向 的場磁鐵1的尺寸較沿制方向的電樞2的尺寸為大的線 322080 11 201108568 .性馬達作為說明，然當然不限於此，亦可為沿著磁石^排 .列的方向的場磁鐵】的尺寸較沿著同樣方向的電樞2的尺 寸要小的線性馬達。 又，於本實施形態，雖以各安裝孔3a係沿著磁石4的 移動方向配置於各磁石4的附近的線性馬達作為說明，但 如第5圖所示’亦可使安裝孔3a的數量減少。 (第二實施形態） 第6圖係顯示關於本發明第二實施形態的線性馬達的 平面圖。 ㈣本實卿態⑽性馬制場_ 1係具有複數個由並 排的兩個磁石4所構成的磁石群7。 =直於電樞芯5的相對面以的方向觀視時，磁石群 的::對於電樞芯5沿著Α方向偏移。也就是，磁石群7 =面 電拖芯5突Γ。的方向觀視時，各磁石4的一端部仏係從 相斜^直於相對面^的方向觀視時，相鄰的磁石群7係 量。、1中框^沿著A方向相互地往相反方向偏移同樣的 二中，相郇的磁石群7的偏移量亦可不相同。 开乂成於基部3的安裝孔3a係在沿著重直於相 觀視時，形成Μι 百里直於相對面5a 銘〜从 開磁石群7而位於相反於磁石群7的偏 移方向的方向的基部3的區域。 ’偏 其他的構成，係與第一實施形態相同。 如以上的說明，根據本實施形態的線性馬達，在偏移 322080 12 201108568 方向成為同樣方向的各磁石4中，由於至少數者為相互相 鄰’故可變更沿作用於場磁鐵i及電插2的A方向之力的 脈動頻率。 結果’可避免使用線性馬達的機械裝置的固有震動數。 再者，於本貫施形態中，雖以由並排的兩個磁石4所 構成的磁石群7做說明，但亦可為由並排的三個以上的磁 石4所構成的磁石群7者。 (第三實施形態） 第7圖係顯不關於本發明第三實施形態的線性馬達的 逆電動勢的圖。其中，於第7圖巾，沿著A方向的電極芯 5的尺寸L1與沿著a方向的磁石4的尺寸l2相等的情形 以（U做汁异。第7圖所示的虛線係用以比較顯示逆電動勢 的直線性的參考直線。 關於本實施形態的線性馬達，從垂直於電樞芯5的相 子面5a方向觀視時，磁石4的一端部知從電枢芯5突出 的犬出長度（L2-L1)，係成為場磁鐵1與電樞2之間的間隙 長度gap的五倍以下。 其他的構成，係與第一實施形態相同。 再者，與第二實施形態相同亦可。 如第7圖所示，對於間隙長度gap的磁石4的突出長 度（L2-L1)的比例為5〇〇%以下的情形，於線圈6產生的逆 電動勢的增加率，係大約正比於對於_長度_之磁石 4的突出長度（L2-L1)的比例。 對於間隙長度gap之磁石4的突出長度的比例大於 322080 13 201108568 Z的情形中’即使再加大突出長度此⑴， 幾乎不會增加。 电勒労係 這是由於即使加大了突出長 成n 丁 犬卬食度CL2 一L!)，來自磁石4的 磁通也不會與電樞芯5鏈結而洩漏之故。 再者，從垂直於電樞芯5的相對面5&的方向觀視時， 尤/、較佳使磁石4的-端部4a從電樞芯5的突出長度 (l2-l 1)，為場磁鐵丨及電樞2之_ _長度卿的3 ς 以下。 如以上的說明，根據本實施形態的線性馬達，從垂直 於相對面5a的方向觀視時，由於磁石4的一端部乜從電 柩芯5的突出長度a2_L1)，係場磁鐵i及電框2之間的間 隙長度gap的五倍以下，故藉由增加突出長度（L2_Li)可有 效地增加產生於於線圈6的逆電動勢。 (第四實施形態） 第8圖係顯示關於本實施形態的線性馬達的平面圖。 關於本實施形態的線性馬達，磁石4係對A方向傾斜 達預定的角度。 其他的構成，係與第一實施形態相同。 再者，亦可與第二及第三實施形態相同。ί arranged on the base 3 of the collision ship stone 4. Each of the magnets 4 has the same rectangular parallelepiped shape. The J armature 2 has an armature core 5 facing the magnet 4 and a coil 6 provided with the armature core 5. 322080 6 201108568 ' The armature 2 maintains the distance between the field magnet 1 and the field magnet 1 in a predetermined gap-long state, and is guided by a guiding device (not shown) that guides the armature 2 in the direction in which the magnets are arranged. stand by. The armature core 5 is magnetized by being energized to the coil 6. The armature 2 is moved relative to the field magnet 1 in the direction in which the magnets 4 are arranged by the magnetic force generated between the armature core 5 and the magnet 4. . The base 3 is made of iron. The 'base 3' is not limited to iron, and may be any material that can be magnetized by a surrounding magnetic field. The magnet 4 series is arranged such that adjacent magnetic poles are extremely different. In the present embodiment, the direction is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the magnets 4 (that is, the moving direction of the armature 2), and is parallel to a direction of a line parallel to the opposite surface 5a of the armature core 5 of the magnet 4. Set to direction A. Furthermore, in other embodiments, the same is true. The longitudinal direction of each of the magnets 4 is along the A direction. The dimension L2' of each of the magnets 4 in the a direction is larger than the dimension L of the electrical ferrules 5 along the a direction. When viewed in a direction perpendicular to the opposite surface, the adjacent magnets 4 are offset from each other in the opposite direction with respect to the armature core 5 in the a direction. Further, the offset amounts of the adjacent magnets 4 may be different. Since each magnetic field is offset by the same amount with respect to the armature core 5, the end portion of each magnet 4 is from the electric frame core 5 along the A direction when viewed perpendicularly to the direction of the opposite surface 5a. Equally prominent. Further, the one end portion 4a of each of the magnets 4 is not limited to protrude in the A direction, and is arranged along the direction of the magnet 4 as long as it is viewed from the direction perpendicular to the opposite surface 5a of the armature core 5: 322080 7 201108568 The straight line of the fork can be protruded from the armature core 5. The other end portion 4b of each of the magnets 4 and the end portions along the same line are viewed in the direction perpendicular to the opposing surface 5a in the direction in which the magnets 4 are arranged. , 糸 < along the direction of # ^"1, along the direction of the magnet 4 side, the entire area of the electric (4) 5 _ sub-surface 5a is opposite to the magnet 4. Further, the other end portion 4b of each of the magnets 4 may protrude from the armature core 5 when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the opposing surface 5a. However, in this case, the amount of protrusion of the other end portion 4b is smaller than the amount of protrusion of the one end portion 4a. In the base portion 3, a plurality of mounting holes 3a through which the set screws (not shown) are passed are formed by avoiding the respective magnets 4. The field magnet j is attached to a support member (not shown) by a fixing screw that passes through the mounting hole 3a. When the mounting hole 3a is viewed in a direction perpendicular to the opposing surface 5a, it is formed in a region from the magnet 4 to the base portion 3 which is away from the direction opposite to the direction in which the magnet 4 is displaced. Further, the portion of the mounting hole 3a is deep in the direction A when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the opposite surface 5a as compared with the end portion 4a_ straight line passing through the protruding side of each magnet 4. The inside of the human base 3. Therefore, even if the dimension L2 of the magnet 4 along the A direction is made larger than the dimension u of the armature core 5 along the A direction, the size L3 between the mounting holes 3a along the a direction can be prevented from becoming large. . Next, an effect of making the size of the magnet 4 along the A direction larger than the dimension L1 of the armature core 5 along the A direction will be described. Fig. 3 is a side view showing the main part of the linear motor in the case where the dimension L2 of the magnet 4 in the A direction is equal to the dimension L1 of the armature core 5, and the linearity of the figure 322080 8 201108568 '4 shows the graph] Side view of the main part of the motor. The square (4) size L2 of the magnet 4 and the L1 of the armature core 5 are in the phase (4), and the magnetic flux emitted from the region of the magnet (or) at the end of the armature core 5 is not coupled to the armature core 5 to reach the base. 3. On the other hand, in the linear motor of the present embodiment, the magnetic flux emitted from the region of the magnet 4 opposite to the end portion of the armature core 5 is bonded to the electric core 5' to increase the chain to the armature core. The amount of magnetic flux of 5. As a result, the counter electromotive force generated by the coil 6 can be increased. Next, the maximum deflection D of the base 3 generated in the linear motor of the present embodiment will be described. ° The field magnet 1 and the armature 2 are attracted to each other due to the magnetic force. Therefore, the base portion 3 is bent toward the armature 2 in the intermediate portion along the Λ direction. When only the region where the field magnet 1 and the armature 2 face each other is considered, the attraction force acting between the field magnet 1 and the armature 2 is almost uniform between the mounting holes 3a and the mounting holes 3a. The load, so the maximum deflection D of the base 3 is calculated by the following formula (丨). D«: (wxL34) / (3 84xExI) (1) Here, w is the load per unit length, the longitudinal elastic modulus of the e-base 3, and the second moment of the I-section. Wherein 'W acts on the attractive force between the field magnet 1 and the armature 2 and the converted value per unit length of gravity. Further, E is a coefficient determined by the material of the base 3. In the above formula (1), I is determined by the cross-sectional shape of the base 3 9 322080 201108568 . In the case of a rectangular cross section, the thickness h and the width b ' of the base 3 are calculated by the following formula (2). . I=(l/12)xbxh3 (2) By substituting the above formula (2) to the above formula (1), the following pattern (3) can be obtained. D°c(wxL34)/(384xExbxh3) (3) From the above formula (3), it is understood that the larger the L3 is, the larger the maximum deflection d becomes. It is presumed that the maximum deflection D becomes large, causing the field magnet 丨 and the armature 2 to rub against each other, and at least one of the field magnet 丨 and the armature 2 is broken. In the conventional linear motor, since the dimension L3 between the mounting holes 3a in the A direction becomes large, the thickness h of the base portion 3 has to be increased in order to suppress the increase in the maximum deflection d. Therefore, the conventional linear motor enlarges the field magnet ,, and the weight of the linear motor becomes large. On the other hand, in the linear motor of the present embodiment, since the size L3 between the attachment holes 3a in the A direction can be suppressed from increasing, even if the thickness h of the base portion 3 is reduced, it can be designed and known. The linear motor is approximately equal to the maximum deflection D. Specifically, in the case of the conventional linear motor, in the case of L3=5〇mm, h=1〇mm, and in the case of the linear motor L3=4〇mm of the present embodiment, it is h=7. At 4 mm, it becomes the maximum deflection D which is substantially equal to the base 3 of the conventional linear motor. Thus, since the thickness h of the base portion 3 can be made small, the space for arranging the linear motor can be reduced, and the weight of the linear motor can be reduced. 322080 201108568 As described above, according to the linear motor of the present embodiment, when viewed in the direction of the opposite surface 5 (four), a plurality of magnets 4, two: stones: are offset from the electric frame core 5 in eight directions to one end. The second core 5 is out, and the remaining magnets are offset from the armature core 5 in a direction opposite to the direction of the ^, so that the end portion 4a protrudes from the armature core 5, and at the base 3, due to leaving the magnet 4 The mounting hole 3a is formed in a region facing the offset direction of the magnet 4, so that the dimension L2 of the magnet 4 along the A direction is larger than the dimension u of the armature core 5 along the A direction. In addition, the magnetic flux emitted from the magnet 4 linked to the armature core 5 can be increased, and the size L3 of the & 3 can be increased to reduce the size of the linear motor. Further, even when the base portion 3 is in the form of a plate, the mounting hole 3a_size L3 in the A direction can be prevented from becoming large, so that it is not necessary to reduce the maximum deflection D of the base portion 3. As a result, the thickness of the base portion 3 can be suppressed. Bu became bigger. Further, since the offset directions of the magnets 4 adjacent to each other are opposite to each other, the respective attachment holes 3a are disposed in the vicinity of the respective magnets 4 along the moving direction of the magnet 4. The result of 'an' can be formed at equal intervals along the moving direction of the input 2. Further, a plurality of mounting holes 3a can be formed. Further, when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the opposing surface 5a, the other end portion 4b of the magnet 4 and the end portion of the armature core 5 along the A direction are located on the same line along the magnet * = column direction. The size L3 between the mounting holes along the A direction can be minimized. Further, in the present embodiment, the size of the field magnet 1 in the direction in which the magnets 4 are arranged is larger than the size of the armature 2 in the direction of the direction of the magnets 2220080 11 201108568. In this case, it is also possible to use a linear motor having a size smaller than the size of the armature 2 in the same direction as the field magnet in the direction of the magnet row. Further, in the present embodiment, the linear motor in which the mounting holes 3a are arranged in the vicinity of the respective magnets 4 in the moving direction of the magnet 4 is explained. However, as shown in Fig. 5, the number of the mounting holes 3a can also be made. cut back. (Second Embodiment) Fig. 6 is a plan view showing a linear motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. (4) The real state (10) Sexual horse system _ 1 has a plurality of magnet groups 7 composed of two magnets 4 arranged side by side. = When viewed from the opposite side of the armature core 5, the magnet group: is offset from the armature core 5 in the x direction. That is, the magnet group 7 = the surface electric core 5 is abrupt. In the direction of the view, when one end portion of each of the magnets 4 is viewed from the direction of the opposite side to the opposite surface, the adjacent magnet group 7 is tied. The first middle frame is offset from the opposite direction in the A direction by the same two, and the offset amount of the adjacent magnet group 7 may be different. The mounting hole 3a opened in the base portion 3 is formed in a direction which is opposite to the opposite direction 5a from the opposite surface 5a to the opposite direction 5a from the open magnet group 7 in the direction opposite to the offset direction of the magnet group 7. The area of the base 3. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. As described above, according to the linear motor of the present embodiment, at least a plurality of magnets 4 having the same direction in the direction of the offset 322080 12 201108568 are adjacent to each other, so that the field magnets i and the electric plug can be changed along the direction. The pulsation frequency of the force in the A direction of 2. As a result, the number of inherent vibrations of the mechanical device using the linear motor can be avoided. Further, in the present embodiment, the magnet group 7 composed of the two magnets 4 arranged side by side is described, but the magnet group 7 composed of three or more magnets 4 arranged side by side may be used. (Third Embodiment) Fig. 7 is a view showing a back electromotive force of a linear motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the case of the seventh figure, the size L1 of the electrode core 5 along the A direction is equal to the size l2 of the magnet 4 along the a direction (U is used for the juice. The dotted line shown in Fig. 7 is used for When the linear motor of the present embodiment is viewed from the direction perpendicular to the phase surface 5a of the armature core 5, the one end portion of the magnet 4 is known to protrude from the armature core 5. The length (L2-L1) is five times or less the gap length gap between the field magnet 1 and the armature 2. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 7, in the case where the ratio of the protruding length (L2-L1) of the magnet 4 of the gap length gap is 5 〇〇 or less, the rate of increase in the counter electromotive force generated in the coil 6 is approximately proportional to The ratio of the protruding length (L2-L1) of the magnet 4 to the length_g. The ratio of the protruding length of the magnet 4 to the gap length gap is larger than 322080. 13 In the case of 201108568 Z, even if the protruding length is increased (1), it is hardly Will increase. This is because even if the protrusion is increased Ang into n-butoxy dog food of a CL2 L!), The magnetic flux from the magnet 4 does not leak, therefore the armature core 5 link. Further, when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the opposing surface 5 & of the armature core 5, it is preferable that the protruding length (l2-l 1) of the end portion 4a of the magnet 4 from the armature core 5 is Field magnet 丨 and armature 2 _ _ length qing 3 ς below. As described above, according to the linear motor of the present embodiment, since the one end portion of the magnet 4 is protruded from the electric core 5 by the length a2_L1) from the direction perpendicular to the opposing surface 5a, the field magnet i and the electric frame are Since the gap length between 2 is less than five times, the counter electromotive force generated in the coil 6 can be effectively increased by increasing the protruding length (L2_Li). (Fourth embodiment) Fig. 8 is a plan view showing a linear motor according to the embodiment. In the linear motor of the present embodiment, the magnet 4 is inclined in the A direction by a predetermined angle. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Furthermore, it may be the same as the second and third embodiments.
根據關於本實施形態的線性馬達，由於磁石4係對A 方向傾斜達預疋的角度，故可減少齒槽效應轉矩（〇卿_ torque) (第五實施形態） 第9圖係顯示關於本發明第二實施形態的線性馬達的 322080 14 201108568 斜視圖，第10圖係沿第9圖的X-X線的箭視剖面圖。 關於本實施形態的線性馬達，係包括相互相對向的成 對場磁鐵1及設於各場磁鐵1間的電樞2。 電樞2係相對向於每個場磁鐵1。 各場磁鐵1係與第一實施形態相同，具有平板狀的基 部3及排列於該基部3的複數個磁石4。 各場磁鐵1係成為磁石4排列的方向相互為同樣的方 向。 與第一實施形態相同，將沿著垂直於磁石4的排列方 向、且為平行於相對向於磁石4的電樞芯5的相對面^的 直線的一方向設為A方向。 相對向的場磁鐵1的各磁石4係相互相對向。又，相 對向的场磁鐵1的各磁;5 4係相對於電枢芯5沿著A方向 相互朝相反方向偏移’從垂直於電樞芯5的相對面％的方 向觀視時，各磁石4的-端部知係從電樞芯5突出。 各場磁鐵1從垂直於相對面5a的方向觀視時，在離開 磁石4而位相反於磁石4的偏移方向之方向的基部3的區 域係形成有安裝孔3a。 其他的構成，係與第一實施形態相同。 /再者，其他的構成，亦可與第二實施形態或第四實施 形態的任一者相同。 接著’說明關於沿著A方向作用於本實施形態的線性 馬達的電框芯5的力。 於電檀心5係、作用有由於磁石4生成的吸引力。從 322080 201108568 •沿著垂直於相對面5a的方向觀視時，由於磁石4的中心係 ,相對電樞芯5的中心沿著A方向偏移，故如第1〇圖所示， 各磁石4來自磁石4的吸引力的方向，係從垂直於相對面 5a的方向傾斜至A方向。 然而，由於相對向的磁石4係沿著八方向相互地朝相 反方向偏移，故沿著各磁石4吸引電樞芯5的吸引力的a 方向的成分係被抵銷。 從而，抑制了電樞芯5被磁石4吸引而朝A方向的移 動。 相對於此，如第11圖所示，相對向的各磁石4沿著a 方向相互地朝同樣方向偏移的情形，係如第12圖所示，各 磁石4沒有抵銷吸引電樞芯5的吸引力的沿著入方向的成 分。 由於相鄰的磁石4其相互的偏移方向為相反的方向， ^例如相對向於電樞芯5的磁石4為偶數個的情形中，沿 著各磁石4吸引電枢芯5的吸引力的A方向的成分係被抵 銷。 然而，相對向於電樞芯5的磁石4為奇數個的情形中， 沿著各磁石4吸引電樞芯5的吸引力的八方向的成分係未 被完全抵銷而殘留。 結果，於電樞芯5係有沿著A方向的力作用。 、如、上說月，根據關於本實施形態的線性馬達，由於 場磁鐵1係以相互相對向的方式設置-對，而電樞2係設 於各場磁鐵i之間，且各場磁鐵丨的磁石4係相互相對向， 322080 16 201108568 而相互相對向的各磁石4其偏移方向係為相反方向，故沿 著相對向的各磁石4吸引電極芯5的吸引力的A方向的成 分係可被抵銷。 (第六實施形態） 第13圖係顯示關於本發明的第六實施形態的線性馬 達的場磁鐵1的平面圖。 關於本實施形態的線性馬達，場磁鐵1復具有共同覆 蓋基部3與磁石4的蓋體8。 藉此，可抑制於場磁鐵1及電樞2間夾入異物。又， 可防止異物接觸磁石4。 於蓋體8，係形成有連通至基部3的安裝孔3a的貫通 孔8a。 將固定螺釘（未圖示）穿過貫通孔8a及安裝孔3a，而 將場磁鐵1安裝於支持構件（未圖不）。 蓋體8係由非磁性材料的鋁所構成。再者，蓋體8並 不限於鋁，而亦可由奥斯田鐵系的不鏽鋼或塑膠等所構成。 藉此，可防止磁石4與固定螺釘接觸。又，可防止固 定螺釘與蓋體8相互吸引。又，可使來自磁石4的磁通穿 過蓋體8而鏈結於電樞芯5。 再者，蓋體8係較佳由塑膠所構成。塑膠相較於鐵等， 可輕易的形成貫通孔8a。 如以上所說明，根據關於本實施形態的線性馬達，由 於復具備覆蓋基部3與磁石4的蓋體8，故安裝場磁鐵1 於支持構件時，即使固定螺釘被磁石4吸引，仍可防止固 17 322080 201108568 定螺釘接觸於磁石4 ’並抑制磁石4的破損。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係為顯示關於本發明第一實施形態的線性馬達 的平面圖。 第2圖係為顯示第1圖的線性馬達的正面圖。 第3圖係為顯示沿第1圖的A方向磁石的尺寸與電樞 芯的尺寸為相等的情形的線性馬達的主要部位的側面圖。 第4圖係為顯示第1圖的線性馬達的主要部位的側面 圖。 第5圖係為顯示關於本發明第一實施形態的線性馬達 的變形例的平面圖。 第6圖係為顯示關於本發明第二實施形態的線性馬達 的平面圖。 第7圖係為顯示關於本發明第三實施形態的線性馬達 的逆電動勢的增加率的圖。 第8圖係為顯示關於本發明第四實施形態的線性馬達 態的線性馬達 第9圖係為顯示關於本發明第五實施形 的斜視圖。 =®係為4第9圖的χ_χ線的箭視剖面圖。 * θ系為顯示第9圖的相對向磁石沿Α方向往同樣 方向偏移的情形的線性馬達的斜視圖。樣 ^ lsH為沿第U圖的ΧΠ'ΧΠ線的箭視剖面圖。 糸為顯示關於本發明的第六實施形態的線性 322080 18 201108568 馬達的場磁鐵的平面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 場磁鐵 2 電枢 3 基部 3a 安裝孔 4 磁石 4a 一端部 4b 另一端部 5 電柩芯 5a 相對面 6 線圈 7 磁石群 8 蓋體 8a 貫通孔 D 最大撓曲 Η 厚度 U、 L2、L3尺寸 19 322080According to the linear motor of the present embodiment, since the magnet 4 is inclined in the A direction by a predetermined angle, the cogging torque can be reduced (the fifth embodiment). 322080 14 201108568 oblique view of the linear motor according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 10 is an arrow sectional view taken along line XX of Fig. 9. The linear motor of the present embodiment includes a pair of field magnets 1 facing each other and an armature 2 provided between the field magnets 1. The armature 2 is opposed to each field magnet 1. Each of the field magnets 1 has a flat base portion 3 and a plurality of magnets 4 arranged in the base portion 3, as in the first embodiment. Each of the field magnets 1 has the same direction in which the magnets 4 are arranged in the same direction. Similarly to the first embodiment, a direction along a line perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the magnets 4 and parallel to the opposing surface of the armature core 5 facing the magnet 4 is referred to as an A direction. The magnets 4 of the opposing field magnets 1 are opposed to each other. Further, when the respective magnets of the opposing field magnets 1 are offset from each other in the opposite direction with respect to the armature core 5 in the A direction, when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the opposing surface % of the armature core 5, The end portion of the magnet 4 is known to protrude from the armature core 5. When each field magnet 1 is viewed from a direction perpendicular to the opposing surface 5a, a mounting hole 3a is formed in a region of the base portion 3 which is away from the magnet 4 in a direction opposite to the direction in which the magnet 4 is displaced. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Further, other configurations may be the same as those of the second embodiment or the fourth embodiment. Next, the force acting on the electric frame core 5 of the linear motor of the present embodiment in the A direction will be described. It is the attraction of the magnet 4 as a function of the electric system. From 322080 201108568 • When viewed in a direction perpendicular to the opposite surface 5a, since the center of the magnet 4 is offset from the center of the armature core 5 in the A direction, as shown in Fig. 1, each magnet 4 The direction of the attraction force from the magnet 4 is inclined from the direction perpendicular to the opposite surface 5a to the A direction. However, since the opposing magnets 4 are mutually displaced in the opposite directions in the eight directions, the components in the a direction in which the attraction force of the armature core 5 is attracted along the respective magnets 4 are canceled. Thereby, the movement of the armature core 5 by the magnet 4 and moving in the A direction is suppressed. On the other hand, as shown in Fig. 11, the magnets 4 facing each other are displaced in the same direction along the a direction, as shown in Fig. 12, the magnets 4 are not offset to attract the armature core 5 The attraction of the ingredients along the way into the direction. Since the adjacent magnets 4 are opposite to each other in the opposite direction, for example, in the case where the magnets 4 to the armature core 5 are an even number, the attraction of the armature core 5 is attracted along the respective magnets 4. The composition in the A direction is offset. However, in the case where the number of magnets 4 to the armature core 5 is an odd number, the components in the eight directions that attract the attraction force of the armature core 5 along the respective magnets 4 are not completely offset and remain. As a result, the armature core 5 has a force acting in the A direction. According to the linear motor of the present embodiment, the field magnets 1 are disposed opposite to each other, and the armature 2 is disposed between the field magnets i, and the field magnets are arranged. The magnets 4 are opposed to each other, and 322080 16 201108568, and the magnets 4 facing each other are shifted in the opposite direction, so that the components in the A direction that attract the attraction force of the electrode core 5 along the opposing magnets 4 are formed. Can be offset. (Sixth embodiment) Fig. 13 is a plan view showing a field magnet 1 of a linear motor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In the linear motor of the present embodiment, the field magnet 1 has a cover 8 that collectively covers the base portion 3 and the magnet 4. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the foreign matter from being sandwiched between the field magnet 1 and the armature 2. Further, foreign matter can be prevented from contacting the magnet 4. In the lid body 8, a through hole 8a that communicates with the mounting hole 3a of the base portion 3 is formed. A fixing screw (not shown) is passed through the through hole 8a and the mounting hole 3a, and the field magnet 1 is attached to a supporting member (not shown). The cover 8 is made of aluminum of a non-magnetic material. Further, the lid body 8 is not limited to aluminum, but may be made of stainless steel or plastic of the Osbane iron system. Thereby, the magnet 4 can be prevented from coming into contact with the fixing screw. Further, it is possible to prevent the fixing screw and the lid 8 from attracting each other. Further, the magnetic flux from the magnet 4 can be passed through the cover 8 to be coupled to the armature core 5. Furthermore, the cover 8 is preferably made of plastic. The plastic phase can easily form the through hole 8a compared to iron or the like. As described above, according to the linear motor of the present embodiment, since the lid body 8 covering the base portion 3 and the magnet 4 is provided, when the field magnet 1 is attached to the supporting member, even if the fixing screw is attracted by the magnet 4, the solid can be prevented. 17 322080 201108568 The set screw contacts the magnet 4' and inhibits the breakage of the magnet 4. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a linear motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a front view showing the linear motor of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a side view showing a main part of the linear motor in the case where the size of the magnet in the A direction in Fig. 1 is equal to the size of the armature core. Fig. 4 is a side view showing the main part of the linear motor of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a plan view showing a modification of the linear motor according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a plan view showing a linear motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a view showing an increase rate of the back electromotive force of the linear motor according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 8 is a linear motor showing a linear motor state according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention. =® is the arrow view of the χ_χ line of Figure 4. * θ is a perspective view of a linear motor showing a case where the magnet is displaced in the same direction in the Α direction with respect to the ninth figure. The sample ^ lsH is an arrow cross-sectional view along the ΧΠ' line of the U-picture.糸 is a plan view showing a field magnet of a linear 322080 18 201108568 motor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 1 field magnet 2 armature 3 base 3a mounting hole 4 magnet 4a one end 4b the other end part 5 electric core 5a opposite surface 6 coil 7 magnet group 8 cover 8a through hole D maximum deflection 厚度 thickness U, L2, L3 size 19 322080