TW201103370A - Integrated gas-discharge lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to an integrated gas-discharge lamp, in which a gas-discharge lamp igniter (50) and an operation circuit for the gas-discharge lamp igniter (50) are integrated in a lamp, wherein the operation circuit of the integrated gas-discharge lamp has a non-volatile memory, whose data can be read out through a communication interface of the integrated gas-discharge lamp.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an integrated gas discharge lamp in which a gas discharge lamp igniter and an operation circuit of the gas discharge lamp igniter are integrated in the lamp. [Prior Art] The present invention relates to an integrated gas discharge lamp in which an operation circuit of a gas discharge lamp igniter and the gas discharge lamp igniter is integrated in the lamp according to the independent item of the patent application.

An electronic operating device for driving a gas discharge lamp containing mercury- or non-aqueous silver is known from DE 1 0 200 7 008 1 48 A1. By means of the communication interface of the electronic operating device, for example a LIN bus, it is possible to detect after the orientation phase whether the lamp type has been correctly identified. By replacing the mercury-containing lamp with a mercury-free lamp in the working chamber or replacing it in the reverse direction by the communication interface, the electronic operation device can be programmed via the LIN-bus bar to maintain the electronic operation The device is in the motor vehicle and does not have to be replaced with the lamp. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an integrated gas discharge lamp in which an operating circuit of a gas discharge lamp igniter and the gas discharge lamp igniter is integrated, and the operation circuit has a larger function 'To make the service of the lamp easier. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The above object of the present invention is achieved by an integrated gas discharge lamp in which an operating circuit 201103370 of a gas discharge lamp igniter and the gas discharge lamp igniter is integrated, characterized in that the integrated gas discharge The operating circuit of the lamp has a permanent memory whose data can be read via the communication interface of the integrated gas discharge lamp. Thus, a technician can read data from the integrated gas discharge lamp and the lamp can be replaced before the fault is needed.

When the data of the integrated gas discharge lamp is stored unchanged in the permanent memory of the operating circuit, the gas discharge lamp can be traced back to the data during its life calculation, so that the life calculation can be accurate Sexually improved. Preferably, the data is stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit, and the data is used to infer the time required for the production. Thus, possible faulty production or missing identified at the time of loading can be replaced in the field before the lamp fails. When the data that can be clearly used to identify the integrated gas discharge lamp is stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit, the data stored in the database at the time of production of the lamp can be easily and reliably assigned to the lamp. . This is particularly functionally effective when storing a unique unique number in the permanent memory of the operating circuit. During operation, it is preferred to store one or more numbers in the permanent body that monotonically increase during ignition and/or the number of times the gas discharge lamp is ignited. Therefore, it is necessary to measure during the ignition of the gas discharge lamp igniter, add it and store it in the permanent memory of the operating circuit as a cumulative ignition period. The accumulated ignition period is preferably stored in the permanent memory as a number. However, the ignition period can also be weighted by operational parameters and stored digitally in the permanent memory of the operational circuit, wherein the number corresponds to the accumulated weighted ignition period. Therefore, the current ignition period of 201103370 can be reliably adjusted with the life set by the manufacturer, and the remaining life of the lamp can be accurately represented.

When the number stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit indicates that the lamp is flickering, especially when the number of blinking-minimum-searching starts or the number of actual blinking thresholds is detected, the integration can be accurately measured. The state of the gas discharge lamp is read out when needed. In the service of a motor vehicle equipped with the integrated gas discharge lamp, the defect may be considered for evaluating the remaining life. It is also of interest to the service technician that the number stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit can be the number of times the gas discharge lamp ignitor is ignited, since the number of ignitions is also affected as during ignition. This life. Thus, during the service of the motor vehicle, the data can be read from the permanent memory of the operating circuit, and based on this information, a different process is performed during maintenance. This maintenance is therefore more efficient and better, and the phenomenon of early failure becomes less and the satisfaction of the customer is improved. “Whether the integrated gas discharge lamp needs to be replaced” can be determined based on the information read in the permanent memory of the operating circuit, in addition to the experience of the service technician. When the accumulated ignition period of the gas discharge lamp igniter and/or the accumulated weighted ignition period and/or the number of ignitions have exceeded a certain boundary ,, it may be determined that the integrated gas discharge lamp should be replaced by the boundary Preferably, it is related to the production period and/or information that can be used to clearly identify the integrated gas discharge lamp. Therefore, it is possible to reliably and easily determine whether or not the integrated gas discharge lamp needs to be replaced. Other advantageous forms and arrangements of the apparatus of the present invention are described in the respective dependent claims and in the following description. 201103370 The following points, features, and details of the present invention will be described with respect to the embodiments and the drawings. [Embodiment] The same or identical elements in the respective embodiments are denoted by the same. Mechanical integration

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated lamp 5 of the present invention in the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the gas discharge lamp 5 will be referred to as an integrated Φ lamp 5, which has integrated the ignition circuit and the operation circuit in the lamp holder. The gas discharge lamp 5 is therefore not particularly versatile and can be directly connected to a generally expanded energy supply. In the arrangement of the headlights of the car, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is connected to a conventional 12 volt power supply of an airborne power source. In another arrangement of the lights, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is the future 42 volt supply for modern automotive-onboard power supplies. The combined gas discharge lamp 5 can also be designed to be connected to the high source of the electric vehicle having, for example, 48 volts, 96 volts, 120 volts up to the accumulated voltage. In addition, the integrated gas discharge lamp can also be designed to operate in the absence of a battery-buffered low voltage power supply. The lamp is also available in an isolated d power supply, for example, in a mountain lodge. Low-voltage lamps can be used in conventional low-voltage systems, where low-voltage systems are also available. Such a lamp only exhibits advantages in a portable device (for example, because there is no need for a cable between the lamp and the operating device, other cost, cable cost, and other excellent reference symbol gas discharge of error I) Gas discharge lamp 5 light interface and a kind of surface used as a steam surface can also be used as a steam surface, the compactor power supply 3600 volts can be used in low power supply. Currently, using traditional, flashlight) Cable required. Original (source) 201103370 is also not required. The gas discharge lamp is also referred to below as an integrated gas discharge lamp 5, which is integrated into the lamp itself as a whole to operate the required circuitry so that the lamp can be directly connected to a conventional power source. The lamp igniter 50 is fixed by a metal clip 52 which is mounted on the four fixing pieces 53. The fixing piece 53 is cast or sprayed in the socket 70. The lamp holder 70 is preferably made of plastic and is formed by a spray casting method or a casting method. In order to improve the electrical shielding, the plastic of the lamp holder 7 can be electrically conductive or coated with a metal layer. It is particularly advantageous if the metal layer of the socket is situated outside, ie Φ lies on the side remote from the ignition and operating circuit 9 1 0, 920. In addition to the metal layer, a metal conductor or a metal braid may be sputtered to form a conductive film in the wall of the socket 70. If a conductive plastic or a metal coated plastic is not used, the plastic base must be encapsulated by a conductive outer casing 72 of electrically conductive material (e.g., metal). The metal may be an anti-corrosive iron or a non-ferrous metal such as aluminum, magnesium or brass. A seal ring 71 (also referred to as a 〇-ring) is located on the end of the electrically conductive outer casing 72 on the igniter side which seals the reflector. With this measure, a compact headlight system can be constructed without the need to fully mount the lamp into a tight headlight. Since the lamp is located outside the headlight, the cooling of the ignition-and-operating circuits 910, 920 in the socket can be greatly improved and simplified compared to conventional constructs in which the gas discharge lamp 5 is mounted in close proximity. In the headlights, only weak cooling convection can be performed. The nearly static air in the compact headlamp described above determines the so-called thermal blockage which will greatly increase the temperature of the operating circuit compared to previous implementations. In the previous embodiment the lamp is in a separate chamber (e. g. 'motor chamber) on this side remote from the light emitting face. 201103370 The socket 70 terminates on the side of the base plate 74 remote from the lamp igniter 50. The socket plate 74 is preferably made of a material having good thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity (for example, aluminum or magnesium). In order to form a mechanical connection with the socket 70 and to form an electrical connection with the conductive housing 72, the housing 72 must have a plurality of connecting plates 724 on one side remote from the lamp igniter 50, in conjunction with the integrated When combined, the gas discharge lamp 5 forms a bead on the base plate 74 and thus forms the desired connection. Further, with this connection technique, the lamp igniter 50, the ignition circuit 910, and the operation circuit 92 0 can be connected to the integrated gas discharge lamp # 5 without being separated from each other. Thus, for the manufacture of motor vehicles, the advantage shown is that the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is only part of the maintenance side when installed, compared to conventional systems consisting of operating devices and gas discharge lamps. The small complexity makes the cost less, and the risk of mistakes can be minimized between components that are functionally identical but differently arranged (generally different production versions of the operating device). In the case of end customers (for example, the owner of a motor vehicle), this has the advantage that, with respect to conventional techniques, this reduced complexity greatly simplifies the replacement of defective integrated gas discharge lamps and increases the replacement rate. The fast beta makes the debugging process simple and requires less knowledge and ability to replace the lamp. The omission of cables and connectors between components results in reduced cost, increased reliability, and reduced weight. The socket plate is preferably made of an aluminum pressure injection member or a magnesium pressure injection member. This is a cost-effective variant of high price 机械 mechanically and electrically. At least a conductively good connection between the surface-conducting lamp holder 70 or housing 72 and the equally conductive socket plate 74 is desirable for good electromagnetic shielding. This shielding prevents interference from adjacent motor modules or electronic modules. Moreover, this shielding ensures that each 201103370 module does not adversely affect the function of the ignition-and operation circuit 910 '920. A sealing ring 73' is disposed between the socket plate 74 and the socket 70 to ensure a waterproof and air-proof connection between the socket 70. and the socket plate 74. In another embodiment, the socket must be formed. The 70 and the base plate 74' allow the two members to be snap-fitted to each other, and in the snap-fit position, between the electrically conductive outer casing 72 and the base plate 74, one or more contact points are present for electrical shielding. It can be kept well. Further, a seal ring ′ is disposed between the socket and the base plate to ensure the sealing of the socket φ on the side away from the one of the gas discharge lamp igniters 50. Two faces are provided in the interior of the base 7' to accommodate the ignition-and operation circuitry. The smaller first face is closest to the lamp igniter 50 and houses the ignition circuit 910 with the ignition transformer 80. The configuration of the ignition transformer 80 will be described later. The larger second side accommodates the operational circuitry 920 required for operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The ignition-and operation circuitry can be moved to each suitable form of circuit board. Traditional circuit board, metal core circuit board, circuit board made of LTCC technology, oxidized or coated metal plate (with conductive rail) made of thin layer technology, MID or MID hot die casting technology or The plastic circuit board made of its possible technology is suitable for manufacturing temperature-resistant circuit boards. The electronic components and the components forming the ignition-and operation circuitry can be located on the upper and lower sides and in the interior of the two boards, respectively. Other electronic components or components are not shown on the circuit board outside of the transformer 80 for clarity in FIG. As long as the circuit board of the ignition circuit 910 and the circuit board of the operation circuit 92 0 are made of the same material, each circuit board can be manufactured with the same benefit. A bridge may be provided between the boards which, when divided and mounted into the socket 70, acts as an electrical connection between the boards. For example, a single wire, 201103370 ribbon wire or a fixed/flex circuit board can be used as a bridge. Therefore, an electrical connection between the two circuit boards must be formed to facilitate thermal expansion (especially thermal cycling stress), and the change in distance between the two boards of the ignition-and operation circuit can be undamaged. The ground was overcome. Thus, a wire of sufficient length and space can be provided within the outer casing. Alternatively, one or more pins and bushing strips may be used which are measured and configured to allow thermal expansion in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the gas discharge lamp igniter of the two boards and in all cases An electrical connection is ensured. Thus, the pin of the pin is disposed, for example, perpendicular to the surface of the respective φ board, and the lead length of the bushing must be measured to make the bushing available for each pin than when the bushing is thermally expanded. The path required is still long.

The circuit board for the ignition circuit 910 has an electrically conductive shielding surface on one side facing the operation circuit so that interference due to high voltage in the ignition circuit is as far as possible from the operation circuit. In a metal circuit board or a metal core circuit board, the shield surface is already present, and it is preferable that other circuit boards have a copper surface or the like mounted on the side. If a metal core circuit board is used, the ignition transformer 80 can also be cooled, which is subjected to a particularly high thermal load due to its proximity to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The electrically conductive shielding surface between the ignition circuit 910 and the operating circuit 920 can alternatively be formed from a metal sheet mounted between the two circuit boards and electrically conductively coupled to the electrically conductive outer casing 72. If the shield surface is also used to cool the ignition transformer 80, it is advantageous when the metal sheet is thermally bonded to the electrically conductive outer casing 72, for example, by a thermally conductive foil or a thermally conductive paste. The circuit board 920 is sandwiched between the lamp holder 70 and the base plate 74-10-201103370. The circuit board 920 is provided with an annular grounding conductor rail (so-called grounding ring) on the lower side of the circuit board, and the holes are electrically connected to each other. Each contact hole is generally referred to as a contact hole extending through the via circuit board. The grounding ring forms a kind of electrical contact with the socket plate 74 by the clamping action between the lamp holder 70 and the lamp 3 to ensure that the outer casing 72 of the operating circuit 920 is grounded by the connecting plate 7 22 of the winding edge. . Fig. 2 is an exploded view showing the integrated gas discharge φ mechanical member in the first embodiment. The base is square, but in principle there are many other suitable forms. Other forms that are particularly advantageous are hexagonal, octagonal or rectangular. In order to determine the profile of this embodiment which is cut through the outer casing containing the circuit to ignite the longitudinal axis perpendicular to the gas discharge lamp and to view the shape formed, the outer casing is now negligibly rounded. Therefore, in the first equations shown in Figs. 1 and 2, two squares are formed depending on whether the selected slice is closer to the ignition circuit than to the operation circuit 920. First—the actual is a square-related implementation. The first outer shape formed by the ignition circuit is smaller than the second outer shape, which is not necessarily the case that the size of the ignited electric circuit board is smaller than the size of the operation circuit board 920, and the implementation forms of the two outer shapes have stages. Only show the unique shape. Also, the two different shapes of the shape do not have to be the same. In particular, a large shape of the circular shape of the region of the ignition circuit and the region of the operating circuit form a particularly advantageous embodiment on the upper side and due to the contact and via the region of the E-plate 74, thus with the electrically conductive lamp The base of the 5 can also be circular or contoured, and an embodiment 910 or a form on the edge of the whisker 50 can be formed by the adjacent road 910. However, the same other form is displayed in a small outline in the field. 201103370 As described above, the circuit board for the operation circuit 920 is sandwiched between the socket 70 and the socket plate 74. The seal ring 73 is located between the socket 70 and the base plate 74 like the circuit board for the operation circuit 920, and is disposed outside the circuit board for the operation circuit 920. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 of the present invention in the second embodiment. The second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment, and therefore only the differences from the first embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, the ignition circuit 910 and the operation circuit 92 0 are disposed on a circuit board in a common plane to become the total operation circuit 930. By such a measure, the socket of the gas discharge lamp 5 of the present invention can be formed relatively flat, which also allows a headlight using the gas discharge lamp 5 to exhibit a small depth. The ignition transformer 80 is located in the center of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The center point of the ignition transformer 80 is preferably located in the longitudinal axis of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. A current lead for the gas discharge lamp igniter electrode adjacent to the lamp holder projects inwardly into the central portion of the ignition transformer. The ignition transformer is not mounted on the circuit board, but is located away from the end of the gas discharge lamp igniter at approximately the same height as the side of the circuit board remote from the gas discharge lamp igniter. The circuit board of the total operating circuit 930 is vacated at this position so that the igniting transformer 80 can be inserted into the circuit board of the total operating circuit 930. In order to improve the electromagnetic compatibility, the outer casing can be made of strips of aluminum or molybdenum metal, provided with a plurality of walls and chambers, and thus enables different circuit components to be electrically connected to each other - and to the environment - , magnetic - and electromagnetic shielding. This shielding can also be achieved by other measures, particularly in the sputter casting process, in which the cavity is formed in the socket 74 and in the socket 70. -12- 201103370 The hollow zone (especially on the periphery of the ignition transformer 80 and on the two sides of the total operation circuit 930) held inside the casing of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is inserted with a potting substance. This has various advantages, thereby preventing electrical arcing, in particular, arcing caused by the high voltage generated by the ignition transformer, and ensuring that each circuit can exotherm well, and can form a mechanically strong unit. It is well resistant to the effects of special environments such as 'moisture and high acceleration.' In particular, in order to reduce the weight, only a portion can be cast, for example, only in the region of the ignition transformer 80.

Fig. 8 is an integrated gas discharge lamp 5 of the present invention in a third embodiment. The third embodiment is similar to the first embodiment' so that only differences from the first embodiment are described. In a third embodiment, the base plate 74 is provided with cooling ribs on the outer side. The socket 70 and the electrically conductive outer casing 72 may also be provided with cooling ribs, respectively. In addition, the function of the circuit board of the operating circuit 920 is also achieved by the lamp holder plate, because the lamp holder plate has a non-conducting region on its inner side, for example, an area composed of anodized aluminum. An electrically conductive structure (e.g., a conductive track made in a thick layer technique) and electrically connectable to components of the overall operational circuit, such as by soldering. By such a measure, the operating circuit 920 can be cooled particularly well because it is mounted directly on a heat sink. Preferably, each cooling rib ' is formed to facilitate natural convection in the assembled position of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. If the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is to be operated in different assembly positions, the surface for cooling can also be formed correspondingly and, for example, by circular, hexagonal, square or rectangular fingers so that it can be A natural convection is made in the spatial direction. As with the first embodiment, the ignition circuit 910 is at -13-

201103370 The space above the board is sought, and the electrical connection is made by the circuit 92 0 by appropriate measures. This can be accomplished by spring contact or insertion, but can also be accomplished by a conductive rail extending in the socket or a conductive rail cast onto the lamp, each conductor rail being coupled to the ignition circuit 910 as a circuit 920. Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the integrated gas 5 of the present invention in the fourth embodiment. The fourth embodiment is similar to the second embodiment and describes a difference from the second embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, 74 is realized by a metal core circuit board disposed on the inner side and thus just like the former difficult embodiment. However, the base plate 74 is the same as that of Fig. 4, but a lamp holder cup having a high stretch free of the following, which is also referred to as a base cup for clarity. This is also composed of a material that conducts heat well. A particularly suitable material is gold, which can be deformed well, for example by deep drawing. Also suitable is a well-conducting plastic that can be introduced by sputtering into a hexagonal plate of the present embodiment having a reference ring 702 and a reference segment 703. The igniter in the interior of the reference ring The lamp holder is fixed and fixed. The socket cup houses the total operating circuit 93 0 which seeks space on the circuit board or on the inner bottom of the socket cup. Plug The current conductors 56 and 5 mounted to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 form a reliable contact in the opposing contact areas of the holder cup when the holder cup and the socket 70 are formed. If the base cup and base 70 are made of metal, the two components are joined by a bead like a coffee box or can. However, as in the first

It is in contact with the inside of the head and the discharge lamp. Therefore, only the side wall of the base plate is not like the J side wall. The lamp holder cup metal material is in the mold. In the formula, the 70-colon-specific contact area 7 is provided, and the corresponding one can be shown by the figure 9 S 2011-201103370, or the plurality of connecting plates of the lamp holder cup can be formed on the socket. Produces a good mechanical and electrical connection. However, in order to form the connection, a conventional welding and welding method can also be used. If the socket cup and the socket 70 are made of plastic, the connection is preferably achieved by ultrasonic welding. This achieves a reliable and fixed connection which also achieves an electrically conductive connection when the plastic is electrically conductive. However, this connection can also be achieved by appropriate fastening, in which case a suitable fastening nose or notch must be provided on the socket cup or socket 70.

Hereinafter, the diameter (D) and height (h) of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 are defined broadly irrespective of the geometry for use in the simpler description. The height (h) of the integrated gas discharge lamp means the reference surface (described in more detail below) to the maximum distance of the socket plate (74) away from the outer side of the igniter. The diameter (D) refers to the longest path in the plane of the integrated gas discharge lamp, wherein the plane extends parallel to the reference plane. The following table shows several geometric data of different forms of the fourth embodiment shown in Figure 9 of the gas discharge lamp 5: Diameter length or height h Volume mass D/h A.50 watt-lamp 1〇〇 35 275 510 2.86 B.35 watt-light 100 25 196 178 4.00 C.25 watt-light, standard deformation 70 25 99 139 2.80 D.18 watt-light, hyperplane deformation 100 15 120 168 6.67 E.45 watt-light , coffee box deformation 40 50 63 52 0.80 F.7 watt - lamp 'used in flashlight 40 35 44 36 1.14 -15-

The different forms of electrical power shown in the table 201103370 are 7 watts to 50 watts, which is related to the standardized electrical power of the lamp igniter. Here, the different geometric forms and data of the gas discharge lamp igniter are used. As can be seen from Fig. 4, the lamp holder of the integrated discharge lamp 5 in the second and fourth embodiments has a hexagonal form, and thus has various aspects in that the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can be well joined to a specific position. . Alternatively, the integrated total operating circuit board can be used to produce a smaller (cut) piece of material and a better cost efficiency due to Φ. By means of the planar arrangement of the lamp holders, a very short headlight can be formed, which is advantageous in modern motor vehicles, in the form of a hexagonal form. In this application, all circular shapes are obtained in a circular form. Shortcomings. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the contact zones 210, 220 of the lamp holder 70 of the lamp project outwardly from the lamp holder in the radial direction toward the longitudinal axis of the gas discharge lamp point. Each contact zone serves to electrically contact the integrated discharge lamp 5 with the headlight. Each contact zone is sputtered by a plastic-sputter casting method at the time of manufacture. This has the advantage that no special plug system is required, but the hermetic seal as described above is still ensured. Fig. 5 is a view showing the relationship between the headlight 3/integrated gas discharge lamp 5. In the second embodiment, the gas discharge lamp 5 has a special residual interface, whereby electric power can be supplied to the gas discharge lamp 5. An electrical interface is required to insert the gas discharge lamp 5 into the headlight 3. The gas discharge lamp 5 is not only mechanically connectable to the headlight 3 but also has the advantage that the gas produces the same gas. Insert to path 930 This can be constructed. Point-to-point but not-side, burner 50'-type gas lamp holder 7 0 ‘Importability I: Water-repellent: The electrical property of the interface ί is formed when this is also -16 - 201103370 can be connected. Interfaces of this type are also used in halogen incandescent lamps for today's automotive headlights and are sold under the trade name "Snap Lite" by the company Osram. If the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is inserted into a reflector or a headlight, all mechanical and electrical contact areas required for regular operation during insertion must be in direct contact with the existing headlamps. The zone connection "lamp base 70" has a section 703 protruding from a reference ring 702 at its interface to the headlight 3, which defines a reference plane. The detail map is shown in Figure 7. The three sections are positioned on the corresponding opposing members ^ of the headlights 3 when the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is inserted. The electrode or discharge arc of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is adjusted for the reference surface in the process of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. Thus, the arc of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 occupies a defined position in the reflector when the lamp 5 is inserted into the headlight, which can result in accurate optical imaging. In the second embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, the "insertion to the headlight" is inserted through the bottom of the reflector of the headlight 3 by the connecting plate 704 protruding laterally from the reference ring. To reach. Then, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is rotated relative to the reflector 33, and the section 70 3 (which is mounted on the side of the socket side of the connecting plate 704) then pulls the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 inward And snapped into the reference plane on the reflector substrate at the end of the rotation. The seal ring 71 is thus compressed and the system is stopped under stress so that the section 70 3 is stressed against the reference surface present in the reflector base. Thus, the position of the discharge arc of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can be accurately adjusted for the reflector 33 and the position can be fixed. An optically superior headlamp system can be achieved with a high repeatability of mechanical positioning over 〇1 mm in all three spatial directions of the headlight interface described above. This headlight system can be used in particular in motor vehicles, after the -17-201103370 headlight system has shown a significant and perfectly defined light-dark-boundary in the appropriate form. A suitable headlight 3 thus has a light-guiding element in the form of a reflector 33, a receiving area for the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, and a carrier part 35, wherein a terminal element is arranged on the carrier part, which is provided with the integrated gas The opposing contact areas required for the electrical contact areas 210, 220, 230, 240 of the discharge lamp 5. The electrical contact regions 210, 220, 230, 240 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 project radially from the socket 70 Φ in the radial direction toward the longitudinal axis of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Each contact zone is used to supply electrical energy to the total operational circuit 93 0 . After the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is mounted in the headlights by the mounting process, the contact regions 210, 220, 230, 240 are disposed in the slits 351, 352 of the terminal member 35, as shown in FIG. Shown, wherein the installation process is related to the plug movement performed after the right-rotation movement. The slits 35 352 refer to the slits required for the opposing contact regions 350 of the contact regions 210, 220, 230, 240 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. The plug of the prior art which is provided with a connecting cable for contacting the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 in the headlight can therefore be omitted. The electrical contact area of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, in particular when it is inserted into the headlight, can be brought into direct contact with the opposing contact area 350 of the terminal element on the carrier part 35. The mechanical load of the electrical terminal is reduced by a freely swingable cable. In addition, the number of connecting cables required in each headlight can be reduced, and the risk of mistakes in the process can be reduced. Moreover, the above measures can achieve a higher degree of automation in the process of the headlights, because fewer cables are required to be installed. In the prior art, all of the light sources in the headlights are powered by a plug that is plugged into the socket and provided with a connecting cable. However, in the headlight of the present invention, the existing power supply contact area of the headlight is connected to the onboard power supply voltage, which is sufficient to supply energy to the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. Powering the lamps in the headlights with the power supply contact area of the headlights is achieved by wires fixed in the headlights. The wires of the headlight 3 or the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can thus be greatly simplified.

Another form of mechanical adjustment is shown in the first embodiment of the lamp in Figures 1 and 2. Here, a plurality of segments 703 are disposed on one side of the reference ring 702 facing the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. In this form, section 703 is located on the opposite opposite side of the reflector to define the position of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 for the reflector 33. The integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is pressed against the reference surface of the reflector 33 from the rear. However, this form has the disadvantage that the tolerance of the position between the inside of the optically effective reflector and the reference surface on the back of the reflector must be accurate to achieve an accurate optical imaging effect. The system of the headlight interface of the second embodiment is also suitable for achieving a more simplified cable connection in modern automotive systems. Therefore, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 has contact regions 230, 240 in addition to the two electrical contact regions 210, 220, thereby being connectable to the onboard circuit of the motor vehicle. The terminal element 35 has two slits 351, 352 each having an opposing contact area. In another embodiment not shown, there are only three electrical contact areas on the lamp, two of which are used to supply the electrical power of the lamp, and a circuit-input terminal is also called a remote-enable connection. The foot, by means of the pin, enables the lamp to be switched on or off with little power by the onboard circuit of the motor vehicle. The above "Snap Lite" interface is not required to replace the electrical terminal. -19- 201103370 In addition, there are the following advantages:

Since the lamp is supplied with power only when it is located at a specific position in the headlight, the current wire 57 of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 remote from the lamp holder is safely only when the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is safely It is only touched when the outside is operated. The safety in an environment with such a high pressure discharge lamp is thus greatly enhanced. By simply installing the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 into the headlight 3, the end customer can replace the lamp. Thus, the integrated customer's integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is more cost effective because it is not necessary to find a working chamber when replacing the lamp. Further, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is inserted into the reflector 33, whereby the lamp can be grounded to the headlight housing. This can be achieved, for example, by a spring strip attached to the reflector 33 and connected to the ground potential of the motor vehicle. When the lamp is inserted into the headlight, the spring strip will be in contact with the electrically conductive outer casing surface of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and at the ground of the vehicle and the internal ground of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 or An electrical connection is formed between the grounding covers. This contact can be achieved, for example, on the side wall or on the front side of the outer casing 72. In the present case, a ground connection is achieved by means of an electrically conductive sealing ring 71. If the outer surface of the outer casing is not electrically conductive or is not fully electrically conductive, the spring strips are brought into contact at the contact surface on the outer surface of the outer surface of the integrated gas discharge lamp. The contact surface can form an electrically conductive connection to the internal ground of the integrated gas discharge lamp or to the ground shield. A fifth embodiment having a conventional interface to a headlight is shown in Fig. 31. Here, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and the reference surface 702 are pressed by a fixing clip 705 on the corresponding opposite surface of the headlight receiving area -20-201103370. The integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is connected to the headlight in a conventional manner. A retaining retainer 705 is used to properly connect the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 to the reference surface 702 on the receiving area and thereby determine the orientation of the electrodes in the optical system of the headlight. The electrode 504 of the integrated gas 5 igniter 50 must be adjusted for the reference surface 702 in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. When inserted into the headlight, the arc of the combined gas discharge lamp 5 occupies a position in the reflector 33, which achieves an accurate optical imaging effect. With this clip + spring action, this imaging effect is also ensured under complex conditions, such as vibrations in the headlights of motor vehicles. The fixing is clamped in the headlight side hook guide groove 7051, and the fixing clip is fixed in the guide groove, but the lamp can be easily taken out from the guide groove. The retaining clip 70 5 is joined to the base plate 74 at the bottom side by 7053. However, the retaining clip 705 is provided with a ridge and thus is positioned on the rib of the base plate. By means of the fifth embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to achieve a cost-effective engagement of the headlight, which in no way limits the functionality of the headlight optical system. Ignition of Transformer Hereinafter, the ignited structure of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 will be described in detail. Fig. 10 shows a diagram of an ignition transformer 80 of the first embodiment, wherein the ignition transformer 80 has a square planar form. Other embodiments are also possible where the ignition transformer 80 can be shaped, hexagonal, octagonal or other suitable form. It will be implemented in the following. The so-called form here refers to the process of setting the discharge lamp in the electric continuous head lamp of the ignition transformer. The setting of the set position 705 can be unsuccessful and the position is accurate. The perspective of the press, however, has the form of a base having a circle detailing the outer dimensions of its prismatic shape - 21 - 201103370, wherein the circles on each edge are negligible. In a particularly advantageous embodiment shown here, the prism has a small height, which is in particular less than 1/3 of the diagonal or diameter of the geometric form forming the base. The ignition transformer 80 has a ferrite core 81 composed of a first ferrite core half 811 and an identical second ferrite core half 812. The ignition transformer 80 has a plurality of outwardly facing connecting plates 868, 869 on the side for mechanically Φ securing the ignition transformer 80.

Figure 11 shows a perspective view of the upper portion of the ignition transformer in which the main winding and the second ferrite core half 81 are not visible. The first ferrite core half 81 1 is composed of a square side wall 8 1 1 2, and a half hollow cylinder 8110 is inwardly centered by the side wall. The inner side of the side wall 8112 of the square has an elongated recess 811 1 extending outwardly inwardly on the side facing the winding. The ignition transformer 80 is led to the impregnating varnish or potting material after completion of the high voltage insulation. By these notches, the impregnating varnish or the potting substance can be intruded into the ignition transformer 80 from the outside to the inside to uniformly wet the entire winding of the ignition transformer 80. On the outer edge between the two ferrite core halves 811, 812 there is a main winding 86 which is formed by a punched bend formed by a strip. The strip is preferably made of a non-ferrous metal such as copper, brass or bronze. The strip is preferably elastic and deformable. Main winding 86 is essentially a long strip 'external extension between the two ferrite core halves 811, 812. The main winding 8.6 extends in the first form by only one winding, via the three corners of the ignition -22-201103370 press 80, and the fourth corner 敞 is open. The strip of the primary winding 86 is thus a three-quarter winding around the shape of the ignition transformer, and a small component terminates before the fourth corner, respectively. The strip of the main winding 86 has the above-mentioned connecting plates 866, 867, 868 and 869 which are mounted in the lateral direction of the strip. The four webs are used to mechanically secure the ignition transformer 80, which can thus be soldered to the circuit board of the ignition circuit 910 to form a flat SMD-connector or land. However, each of the connecting plates may have another 90 degree bend, wherein each of the connecting plates is inserted and rotated or welded on the other side via the circuit board that ignites the Φ circuit 910, as shown in Fig. 12. The two ends of the strip of main winding 86 are bent outwardly at a radius of about 180 degrees such that the ends are again directed from the fourth corner to the outside. In Fig. 12, the two ends are bent outward to about 90 degrees and the radius is represented by 8620 or 8640. A laterally projecting web 862, 864 is mounted on the outer end of the strip for electrical contact. Another embodiment of the two webs 862, 864 is shown in Fig. 12. With the soft junction formed by the 180 degree range of the two diameters 8620 or 8640, the stress caused by the temperature variation in the connection between the main winding and the board can be absorbed. Each of the connecting plates is preferably soldered to the circuit board of the ignition circuit 910 like an SMD-component. By the 180 degree bending of the above-mentioned web, the above-mentioned mechanical stress is not applied to the welding position, and the risk of breakage and fatigue of the welding position is greatly lowered. A further embodiment of the connecting plates 862, 864 has an additional 270 in the connecting plate itself. The radius, which in the assembled state, further reduces the mechanical stress. Mounting a contact body in the center of the hollow cylindrical interior of the ferrite core -23- 201103370

85' forms an electrical contact between the gas discharge lamp igniter 5A and the internal terminal of the secondary winding 87 (not shown). The contact body 87 is connected to the current conducting wire 56 of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 adjacent to the lamp holder by a curved piece portion. The contact body 85 has two top cover faces at its end _h away from the igniter to contact the high pressure discharge lamp electrode. Preferably, the contact body 85 has two top cover faces 85 1 and 852 on two opposite sides away from the end of the igniter, which are inclined to each other in the form of a saddle roof, and the contact body 85 is formed. At the end where the two top cover faces are in contact, the current lead 56 of the high pressure gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is concentratedly clamped. Here, the two top cover faces 851 and 852 are provided with a V-shaped contour on the end where the two top cover faces are in contact. However, this profile is also circular or processed in other suitable ways. At the time of installation, the current conductor 56 is inserted through the contact body 85, and reaches a predetermined state, and then is preferably welded to the contact body 85 by laser. Figure 12 shows a perspective view of the lower portion of the ignition transformer. Figure 12 also shows a second ferrite core half 812 which is identical in form to the first ferrite core half 811 and also consists of a square side wall 8122 with a half hollow cylinder 8120 centered inwardly The side wall 8122 protrudes. The inner side of the side wall 8122 of the square has an elongated recess 81221 extending inwardly and inwardly. It can be seen in Fig. 12 that the contact body 85 is adjacent to one side of the igniter and has a hexagonal open form and a through current lead 56. If the two halves are combined, a hollow cylinder can be formed in the interior in which the contact body is mounted. The ferrite core 81 has a form of a clay belt or a film reel after the combination, and the shape is not circular but has a square shape of the rounded corner -24-201103370.

The ignition transformer has a first back ir on-ferrite 814 on the first corner. The second and third corners are also provided with a second back iron-ferrite 815 and a third back iron-ferrite 816. The three back iron-ferrites are held by the main winding group 86. Here, the strip of the main winding 86 has cylindrical members 861, 863 and 865 which are cylindrical toward the inside at three corners, with the back iron-ferrites 814 to 816 interposed therebetween. The three back iron-ferrites 814 to 816 are reliably held in position by elastically deformable materials during production. The back iron_ferrite is the magnetic back iron of the ignition transformer 80, whereby the magnetic field lines are held in the magnet material' and there is no interference outside the ignition transformer. This in turn increases the efficiency of the ignition transformer, and in particular the achievable ignition voltage increases much. Figure 13 is a perspective view of the lower portion of the ignition transformer 80 with a visible secondary winding 87 disposed in the second ferrite core half 812 of the ignition transformer 80. The secondary winding 87 is composed of an insulating metal strip which, like a film having a predetermined number of windings, is wound on a ferrite core in the form of a film reel, wherein the end for guiding the high pressure is located inside, through The central core of the ferrite core in the form of a film reel is electrically connected to the contact body 85. The insulating layer may be applied to the metal strip on all sides, but the insulating layer may also be formed of an insulating foil which is wound together with the metal strip. The insulating foil is preferably wider than the metal strip to ensure a sufficient insulation distance. The metal foil must therefore be wound with an insulating foil so that it is centered in the insulating foil. Thus, a spiral gap is formed in the wound body which, after impregnation or casting, is impregnated with a dip lacquer or castable material, and the secondary winding 87 is allowed to achieve excellent insulation due to -25-201103370. The secondary winding 87 is connected at its inner end 871 for guiding the high voltage. The secondary winding 87 is used to direct the low voltage outer end 8 72 to the main winding 86. These connections can be formed by soldering, melting other suitable connections. In the present embodiment, these are achieved by laser welding. Preferably, each end is applied with two splice points to reliably electrically connect the two portions to each other. The inside 871 of the secondary winding 87 passes through and is sandwiched by two hollow cylindrical halves 8110, φ of the ferrite core 81. The outer end 872 of the secondary winding 87 must therefore be connected to the end of the group 86 such that the winding direction of the secondary winding 87 is opposite to the winding direction of the group 86. However, depending on the demand 'the secondary winding, the outer end of 1 may be connected to the other end of the main winding 86' so that the winding directions of the primary and secondary windings are the same. In the following, the diameter and height of the installed pressure tap 80 in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 are defined in terms of the size of the ferrite based on the geometry of the gas discharge lamp 5 for simple drawing. The height of the ignition transformer refers to the distance between the two side walls away from the outer surface of the winding, which is close to the sum of the thickness and the sum of the windings. By the fact that the diameter of the ignition transformer 80 is independent of the form, it means that the longest path in the interior of one of the two side walls is located in any plane which extends parallel to the respective side wall surfaces. In a particularly advantageous form, the ferrite of the ignition transformer has a height of 8 mm and a diameter of 26 mm. Each side wall has a 26 end or connection to the portion, the end 8 120 of which is primarily wound around the main winding I 87 winding. The second set of wide side walls, the outer core of the millimeter -26 - 201103370 and the thickness of 2 mm ' and the central core has a diameter of 11.5 mm and a height of 6 mm. The secondary winding consisted of 42 Kapton foil windings with a foil width of 5.5 mm and a thickness of 55 microns. A copper layer of 4 mm wide and 35 μm thick concentrated in the longitudinal direction was applied to the foil. In another particularly advantageous form, the secondary winding is wound from two spaced apart overlapping foils using 75 micron thick copper foil and 50 micron thick Kapton foil. In both forms, the secondary winding is electrically conductively coupled to a main winding comprising a winding. The main winding is controlled by a pulse generating unit comprising a spark gap of 800 volts

Fig. 40 is an exploded view of the ignition transformer 80 in the second embodiment. Since the second embodiment of the ignition transformer 80 is similar to the first embodiment, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described below. The ignition transformer 80 of the second embodiment has a circular form similar to that in a film reel. By means of the circular form, the back iron-ferrite 8 1 4 to 8 1 6 is not required and the main winding 86 has a relatively simple form. The laterally projecting connecting plates for mechanically fixing the transformer are here formed by SMD-connecting plates which have a curvature of 2 70 degrees to protect the welding positions from large mechanical stresses. The two connecting plates 8 62, 8 64 for electrical contact are constructed in the same manner and are disposed around the ignition transformer 80 in the radial direction. The ferrite core 82 of the second embodiment is constructed in three parts and has a hollow cylindrical central core 821 which is closed at both ends by a circular plate 822. The circular plate 822 is located in the center of the hollow cylinder 82 1 and thus forms the above-described film reel. The hollow cylinder has a slit 8 2 3 (not visible in the drawing) so as to pass through the inner end of the secondary winding to the inside of the hollow cylinder. -27- 201103370 Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the ignition transformer 80 in the second embodiment. Here, the structure of the ferrite core 81 can be well stretched. The slit 823 can also be recognized in this figure, whereby the inner end of the secondary winding 87 can be penetrated. Fig. 16 is an exploded view of the ignition transformer in the third embodiment, showing a two-winding main winding. Since the ignition transformer 80 of the third embodiment is very similar to the second embodiment, only the differences from the second embodiment will be described below. In a third embodiment, the main winding # of the ignition transformer 80 has two windings. The metal strip of the main winding 86 thus surrounds the ignition transformer twice. Attached to the two ends is a connecting plate to electrically contact the ignition transformer 80, each of which is formed in the form of an SMD. The connecting plate used in the present embodiment to mechanically fix the ignition transformer 80 is not required. The ignition transformer 80 must therefore be additionally mechanically fixed. This can be achieved, for example, by clamping the ignition transformer 80, as shown in Fig. 3, which is clamped between the socket 70 and the socket plate 74. The base plate 74 thus has a base plate dome 741 which is a projection of the ® on the base plate and which suppresses the ignition transformer 80 in the mounted state. An advantage of this configuration is that the ignition transformer 80 can be well drained. The ignition transformer 80 becomes very hot during operation due to its proximity to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. By means of a well-conducting socket plate 74, a portion of the heat entering the ignition transformer 80 by the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is again discharged to cause the ignition transformer 80 to be effectively cooled. Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the ignition transformer 80 in the third embodiment, which shows a two-winding main winding. This cut-out diagram shows the core structure of the iron body -28- 201103370. The ferrite core 8 2 is composed of three parts as in the second embodiment, i.e., consists of a central core 824 and two plates 825, 826. The central core 824 is also hollow cylindrical and has a fitting 827 at the end that grips in a circular section of the first plate 825 and secures the first plate to the central core 8 24. The second plate 8 26 also has a circular section having an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the central core 824. After the second plate and the main winding are mounted, the second plate is plugged on the central core and thus fixed. The second plate is plugged until it is positioned on the secondary winding to achieve as much magnetic flux as possible in the ignition transformer 80. Asymmetric ignition pulse wave Hereinafter, the operation mode of the ignition device of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 will be described.

Figure 18a is a connection diagram of an asymmetrical pulse igniter in the prior art. In an asymmetric igniter, the ignition transformer TIP is coupled to one of the conductors of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 (here represented by an equivalent circuit diagram). This can result in an ignition pulse that produces a voltage from the ground reference potential in only one "direction", wherein the ground reference potential is mostly connected to another conductor of the gas discharge lamp igniter; thus, A voltage pulse that is positive for the ground reference potential is generated or a voltage pulse that is negative to the ground reference potential is generated. The mode of action of the asymmetric pulse wave igniter is also known and will not be described here. The asymmetrical voltage is suitable for lamps with a single-sided socket, since the ignition voltage is applied only to one of the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp igniter. Therefore, the electrode close to the lamp holder is usually selected, -29-201103370 because it is not accessible, and therefore does not pose a dangerous potential to humans in improper use. A voltage that is dangerous to humans is not applied to the normally open return conductor, so that a lamp operated with an asymmetric igniter ensures a certain degree of safety. However, asymmetric ignition devices have the disadvantage of applying a complete ignition voltage to the electrodes of the gas discharge lamp. Therefore, the losses caused by corona discharge and other high voltage related effects will increase. This means that only a portion of the generated ignition voltage can be effectively applied to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Therefore, it is necessary to produce a high ignition voltage when needed, which is laborious and expensive. Figure 18b is a connection diagram of a prior art symmetrical pulse igniter. The symmetrical pulse wave igniter has an ignition transformer TIP whose two secondary windings are magnetically coupled to the main winding. The two secondary windings must be oriented such that the voltages produced by the two secondary windings are summed on the lamp. Thus, this voltage is divided into approximately half on the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp.

As mentioned above, the losses caused by corona discharge and other parasitic effects are therefore reduced. The reason for the higher ignition voltage in symmetrical pulse ignition is only clear when the parasitic capacitance is considered in more detail. Thus, the equivalent circuit of the lamp of the gas discharge lamp igniter 5 in Fig. 18b is considered. The larger component or even the largest component of the parasitic capacitance CLa of the lamp is not caused by the lamp itself but by the connection between the lamp and the ignition unit, for example, by the lamp wires. However, parasitic capacitance includes not only the parasitic capacitance of the conductor to the conductor, but also the parasitic capacitance between the conductor and the environment. If simply starting from the description of the centralized energy storage, the parasitic capacitance between the two conductors or between the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp can be combined as shown in Figure 18b to form -30-201103370 CLa,2. The parasitic capacitance between the conductor and the environment is modeled by (:^^ and CLa,3. Below, the potential of the environment (eg, the outer casing) is considered to be fixed in space and represented by the ground symbol, when this is not necessary This is also the case with PE or PEN in the concept of low-voltage power supply. Again, it should start with a symmetrical configuration and therefore start. The parasitic capacitance of the lamp becomes CLa, 2+l/2CLa,le according to the expanded equivalent circuit.

The difference between asymmetric pulse ignition and symmetrical pulse ignition becomes apparent when considering that the converter and the ignition unit have parasitic capacitances relative to the environment. This is partly due to deliberate improvement (eg, power supply filters) and is generally much larger than the parasitic capacitance of the lamp considered above, and therefore can be started at different points when considering the ignition of the circuit at ambient potential. . When the voltage U W is ignored, in the case of asymmetric ignition, CLa" and CLa, 2 are charged to the ignition voltage. Conversely, in the case of symmetrical ignition, 'CLa, 2 is charged to the ignition voltage and CLa l and CLa 3 are respectively charged to one half of the ignition voltage. Under the assumption of a symmetrical configuration, that is, the energy required to charge the parasitic capacitance when the symmetrical pulse is ignited is less than the case of the asymmetry. In the extreme case = >> C^a, 2', in comparison with the 1 8 b diagram, the ignition unit of the 1 8 a diagram consumes almost twice as much energy. Another advantage of symmetrical ignition is that the dielectric strength required for the environment is small 'this is due to the voltage generated and Uls<) 1,2 only one and a half times the voltage UIsQl generated by asymmetric ignition. This also shows the disadvantages and causes of symmetrical pulse ignition, so it is usually not usable: in the case of symmetrical ignition, the two terminals of the lamp transmit high voltage, which is usually not allowed for safety reasons - 31- 201103370 One of the two terminals of the lamp that can be contacted in many lamp configurations or socket configurations is typically the distal end of the lamp (also known as the rear conductor of the lamp). This shows that the symmetrical ignition method can be optimally applied to gas discharge lamps with lamp holders on both sides. The mechanical construction is designed to be symmetrical. In a gas discharge lamp having a socket on one side, the ignition voltage is problematic as described above, and the ignition voltage is applied to an open gas discharge lamp electrode that can be reached by the user and away from the lamp holder. Another problem is the voltage applied to the gas discharge lamp electrode remote from the lamp holder with respect to the potential of the reflector. The reflector is mounted in a gas discharge lamp and is typically grounded. Therefore, a high voltage is present between the back conductor of the electrode remote from the lamp holder and the reflector at the moment of ignition. This causes arcing on the reflector, thus causing an erroneous function. For this reason, symmetrical ignition is not suitable for gas discharge lamps with a single-sided socket.

In addition, it must be noted that the cost of insulation increases with the voltage to be insulated rather than linearly. According to the nonlinear effect in the insulating material, the distance between the two conductors must be twice as large as the original when the voltage is doubled, so that arcing/breakdown does not occur. In addition to the environment or the pure capacitance characteristics considered above for the added insulating material, 'the field strength formed by a specific voltage or insulating material begins to be at the interface, due to corona discharge, partial discharge in the insulating material. The conversion of the effective power caused by the etc. is no longer negligible. In the above equivalent circuit diagram, 'there must be a parallel connection with the capacitor and a non-linear resistor. In this view, 'symmetric pulse ignition is superior to asymmetric pulse ignition. Finally, it should be noted that starting from the specific voltage load of the insulating material, the insulating material quickly ages and therefore the life of the insulating material can be much improved if the voltage drops only a little. A good trade-off (the superior cloud combined with the above two ignition methods uses an asymmetric pulse ignition method, as shown in Fig. 19, which has a structure similar to symmetrical ignition, and of course has a different number of large windings. Winding. The disadvantage of symmetrical ignition is that the back side is inadvertently touched by the user during ignition and the user will inadvertently connect the high voltage metal part. The gas with the headlight interface shown in Fig. 5 In the discharge lamp 5, the above contact phenomenon does not occur, because the voltage supply of the circuit is achieved only by entering the headlight. Therefore, it is impossible to be opposite to the back conductor of the electrode away from the lamp holder when it is not damaged. Contact with a voltage). As mentioned above, it is also not possible to use a counter ignition here, since it is necessary to take into account the arcing on a generally grounded reflector, suggesting an asymmetric ignition, which is for example close The lamp holder is energized by 3/4 of the ignition voltage and, for example, 1/4 of the voltage is applied to the electrode remote from the lamp holder. The electrodes of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 (i.e., the first electrode near and far from the ®) The exact voltage between the second electrode of the lamp holder is therefore related to many factors, the size of the lamp and the lampholder configuration. The voltage ratio between the first electrode and the second electrode remote from the lamp holder is 22:1 to. 5: 4. A voltage of 2...8 kV is generated by the back conductor of the ignition transformer TIP - two sets of IP SR, and 23...17 is generated by the introduction conductor-secondary winding IPSH of the ignition transformer I The voltage of kV, the preferred conversion ratio between the two secondary windings is not equal to nipsR:nipsH = 2:23...8:17. This can also be expressed as an equation.

Under the condition of the dip) is the type of two conductors touched the combination with a plug lamp to guide the point. Because of the extreme igniting of the lamp holder ratio, the lamp holder can be wound around a nr ¥ Tip . 1, nipsR -33- 201103370 = 0.04...0.8*nIPSH. Thus, this configuration is similar to a symmetrical igniter, and the secondary windings are of course not evenly distributed. The number of main windings np of the ignition transformer TIP is preferably between 1 and 4, and the sum of the number of windings of the two secondary windings IP SH and IP SR is preferably between 40 and 380. The pulse ignition unit Z in Fig. 19 is known from the prior art and will not be described here. It consists of at least one capacitor which is connected via a switching element to the main winding of the ignition transformer. Therefore, it is preferable to use a switching element whose rated-trigger voltage is between 350 volts and 1300 volts. This switching element can be a spark discharge device or a Thyristor with a corresponding control circuit. In a first embodiment, the ignition transformer Tip has a winding of a conversion ratio nippinipsRznipsHzliSOilSO, which operates with an ignition unit Z referenced to a spark discharge of 400 volts, i.e., operates with a spark discharge device having a normalized trigger voltage of 400 volts. . The ignition transformer TIP provides a peak voltage of +5 kV to the ground potential of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, and provides a pair of electrodes adjacent to the lamp holder of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The ground potential is a spike voltage of -1 5 kV. In a second embodiment, the ignition transformer is constructed with a winding having a conversion ratio of 3:50:1, and is operated by an ignition unit Z based on a spark discharge of 800 volts. The ignition transformer TIP provides a peak voltage of -8 kV to the ground potential of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, and provides a ground potential to the electrode of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 adjacent to the lamp holder. Peak voltage of +16 kV. -34- 201103370 Figure 20 is a connection diagram of the enlarged circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. Here, between the high voltage end of the secondary winding and the respective ignition terminals

Do not connect one or two unsaturated chokes LNS1 and LNS2 to prevent various interfering pulses with high voltage spikes (so-called Glitch). Thus, an inductance of 0.5 microhenry (uH) to 25 microhenry should be used, preferably 1 microhenry to 8 microhenry. Further, a high-voltage stable capacitor CB (so-called "igniter-capacitor") can be directly connected in parallel with the gas discharge lamp igniter between the gas discharge lamp igniter and the unsaturated choke coil, and the capacitance is usually less than 22 PF so that the ignition pulse is not subject to much attenuation. The capacitor 値 of the capacitor is preferably between 3 PF and 15 PF. The capacitor is constructed to be suitably configured and arranged in the form of a plate by a sputtered lamp current lead. The capacitor has two positive effects: one of which is advantageous for the electromagnetic compatibility-characteristic of the lamp, since the high frequency interference generated by the lamp is directly shorted at the position produced; the other is To ensure the low ohmic breakdown of the igniter, which is particularly achievable by the operating circuit 20 to absorb the capacitance of the back iron-capacitor CRS, preferably at 68 picofarads (pF) and 22 naf (nF) In the case of a very fast pulse wave generated by the ignition transformer TIP, the pulse igniter can be turned off for an electronic ballast (EVG) having a low impedance by means of the back iron-capacitor CRS. Thus, the resulting high voltage ignition pulse can be very close to the igniter. The back iron-capacitor CRS and the rear conductor choke LR together form a low pass filter that opposes electromagnetic interference and protects the electronic ballast output from unacceptable high voltages. The enlarged circuit also has a current-compensated choke LSK, which is also resistant to electromagnetic interference. A suppression diode DTr (also known as a clennap two-35-201103370 polar body) limits the voltage generated on the operational circuit 20 due to the ignition process and thus protects the output of the operational circuit 20. . The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is fixed to the socket 70 by a metal clip 52 and four fixing pieces 53 (see Fig. 1). As shown in Fig. 20, the metal clip 52 is grounded, i.e., in an integrated gas discharge lamp for an automobile, the metal clip 52 is, for example, at a vehicle body ground potential. By the grounding of the metal clip, the arcing of the metal clip to the headlight can be reliably suppressed because the two portions are at the same potential during ignition. ^ Also, by grounding the metal clip, a particularly good capacitive coupling can be formed for the ignition assist layer present on the lamp of the gas discharge lamp igniter. These ignition assist layers are typically applied to a high pressure gas discharge lamp igniter to reduce the high ignition voltage. This measure increases the ignition voltage drop characteristic of the ignition assist layer located on the lamp of the gas discharge lamp igniter. A particularly advantageous situation is when the metal clip has an increased capacitive impact on the gas discharge lamp igniter, which may include its ignition assist layer. Here, other conductive portions are electroplated or capacitively coupled to the metal clip. Thus, a "third electrode" is formed which is composed of a plurality of "single electrodes coupled to each other" and has one side grounded. For example, the third electrode has a metal layer 54 on the outer bulb in addition to the metal clip, as shown in Fig. 21. This layer can be applied to the outside and/or inside of the outer bulb. This layer is constructed of a conductive, e.g., metallic material and is preferably mounted in a strip parallel to the backside conductor. Thus, the metal layer 54 is not optically exposed on the dot lamp, additionally forming a minimum distance to the ignition auxiliary layer, and thus forming a maximum coupling capacitance. This layer on the outer bulb can be capacitively or otherwise coupled to the metal clip. When the outer layer is electrically contacted with the metal clip by the igniter to fix -36-201103370 in the metal clip, electroplating coupling is particularly advantageous 'this can be achieved by conventional mounting techniques in the prior art without Additional cost is required. Preferably, the layer extends from 1% to 20% around the outer bulb. The beneficial effect of the grounded metal clip on the ignition voltage of the gas discharge lamp is achieved by the following physical correlation: in the case of metal clip grounding and asymmetric pulse ignition, in the case of metal clips and gas discharge lamps A high voltage is applied between the electrodes, and Φ near the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp contributes to a dielectric barrier discharge in the outer bulb. This dielectric barrier discharge creates a breakdown in the lamp of the igniter. This is facilitated by the ultraviolet-light formed in the dielectric barrier discharge, which is hardly absorbed by the lamp of the igniter, and a free charge carrier is generated on the electrode and in the discharge space. And thus the ignition voltage is lowered by β. The metal clip of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and the reference surface of the reflector can be composed of a metal portion having a corresponding fixing member which is sputtered by plastic and can ensure The lamp holder 70 achieves a good mechanical connection. metal

The grounding of the clip can be achieved automatically by inserting the lamp into a reflector in each of the headlamps. This makes the reference surface less susceptible to mechanical damage. This loss is related to the increased weight of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. When formed by the prior art, only the plastic-sputter cast portion is set as the reference surface. In a preferred form of the gas discharge lamp 5, the socket consists of two parts. The first part has an adjusted gas discharge lamp igniter 5, which is embedded in a socket made of plastic by a metal clip 52 and a fixing piece 53, which has a reference surface reinforced with metal as described above. . The first part is connected to the first part of -37- 201103370. The first part of the package ignites the _ and operates the circuit. The connection of the lamp to the current conductor can be achieved by welding, soldering or by mechanical connection (e.g., plug or chip clamp). Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of the gas discharge lamp igniter 5 , showing the lamp holder construction. The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is preferably a mercury-free gas discharge lamp igniter 'but a mercury-containing gas discharge lamp burner can also be used. The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can accommodate a hermetically sealed discharge tube 502' including an electrode 504 and an ionizable material to generate a gas discharge. The ionizable material is preferably Mercury is formed by the inclusion of barium and sodium metal, a halide of aero, zinc and indium, and the weight ratio of zinc to indium halide is between 20 and 1 Torr, preferably 50. The cold charging pressure of helium is between 1.3 million (meg a) and 1.8 million. It has been shown that the decay of the photocurrent decreases with the operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, and the increase in the ignition voltage of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 decreases with the operation period. That is, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 has better opto-electrical flow-maintenance compared to prior art gas discharge lamp igniters and is shown due to a small increase in ignition voltage during operation - longer life. Also, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 exhibits a small amount of shift in the color position of the light emitted therefrom during its operation. In particular, the color position is only offset within the limits allowed by ECE Rule 99. The higher cold heading pressure and the higher weight component of the zinc halide are mainly used to adjust the ignition voltage of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, that is, the ignition voltage is applied to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. On the discharge section, in the quasi stationary operation state, the adjustment is made after the ignition phase ends. -38- 201103370 The indium alloy is present in a small weight composition to adjust the color position of the light emitted by the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, but not to the ignition voltage of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The adjustment made an important contribution. The halide of indium is used primarily in the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 as is the halide of sodium and strontium.

The weight component of the zinc halide is preferably between 0.88 micrograms and 2.67 micrograms per 1 cubic millimeter (mm3) of the discharge tube volume, and the weight component of the indium halide is in the volume of the discharge tube per cubic millimeter (mm3). Between 0.026 micrograms and 0.089 micrograms. Iodide, bromide or chloride can be used as the halide. The weight of the sodium halide is between 6.6 micrograms and 13.3 micrograms per 1 cubic millimeter (mm3) of discharge tube volume. The weight component of bismuth halide is between 4.4 micrograms and 11.1 micrograms per 1 cubic millimeter of discharge tube volume. To ensure that the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 emits white light having a color temperature of about 4000 K and that the color position remains in the range of white light during the life of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, preferably within a narrow limit. When the weight component is small, the loss of sodium (depending on the diffusion through the tube wall of the discharge tube) and the damage resistance (depending on the chemical reaction with the quartz glass of the discharge tube) cannot be compensated, and the weight component is high. The color position and color temperature will change. It is advantageous to have a discharge tube volume of less than 23 cubic millimeters in order to be as close as possible to the ideal point source. For use as a light source in a headlight or other optical system of a motor vehicle, the light-emitting portion of the discharge tube 502, i.e., the discharge space containing the electrodes, should have as small a size as possible. Ideally, the light source should be a point source in order to be configurable in the focus of the optical imaging system. The high pressure discharge lamp 5 of the present invention is closer to this ideal than the prior art. This is because the discharge tube 502 of the present invention has a small volume. The volume of the discharge tube 502 of the high pressure discharge lamp 5 is advantageously in a range of more than cubic millimeters to less than 26 cubic millimeters. The distance between the electrodes 504 of the gas discharge lamp igniter is preferably less than 5 mm. As close as possible to the ideal point source. For use as a light source in a headlight of a motor vehicle, the electrode distance is preferably 3.5 mm. Therefore, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can be optimally adapted to the imaging characteristics in the headlight of a motor vehicle.

The thickness or diameter of the electrode 205 of the gas discharge lamp igniter is preferably between 0.20 mm and 0.36 mm. An electrode having such a thickness 可 can be sufficiently safely buried in the quartz glass of the discharge tube and at the same time has sufficient current carrying capacity, which is particularly important during the starting phase of the high pressure discharge lamp. The lamp is operated at 3 to 5 times the rated power and rated current. When the electrode is thin, sufficient current carrying capacity cannot be ensured in the present embodiment of the silver-free tantalum, and in the case of a thick electrode 504, there is a risk of crack formation in the discharge tube, which is related to discharge. The mechanical stress caused by the very different coefficients of thermal expansion of the tube material is related. The discharge tube material is quartz glass, and the electrode material is tungsten or tungsten doped with tantalum or tantalum oxide. Each electrode is respectively connected to a molybdenum foil 5〇6 embedded in a material of the discharge tube. 'Each electrode can hermetically conduct current, and the respective molybdenum foil 5 〇6 to the direction of the electrode connected to the molybdenum foil. The minimum distance between the end inks that extend into the interior space of the discharge tube 502 is preferably at least 4.5 mm to ensure that each of the -40-201103370 molybdenum foil 506 and the tip of the electrode (which extends inwardly into There is a maximum distance between the gas discharges in the discharge tube 502). Thus, the large minimum distance set between the molybdenum foil 506 and the gas discharge exhibits the advantage that the molybdenum foil 506 is subjected to less heat by the halide in the halogenated compound of the ionizable material. Load and less corrosion hazard. Frequency Adaptability A method of preventing flickering will be described below, which is performed by an operation circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5.

The gas discharge lamp described herein is operated with an alternating current which is primarily produced by the operating circuit 920. This alternating current can be a high frequency alternating current whose frequency is particularly higher than the acoustic resonance produced in the gas discharge lamp, which is equal to the frequency of the lamp current above 1 MHz in the lamp described herein. However, we usually use a low-frequency rectangular operation as described below. In a distorted mode of operation, when a gas discharge lamp (especially a high-pressure gas discharge lamp) is switched in the direction of the lamp current (so-called rectification), the arc-eliminating electrode is usually returned to a temperature that is too low. Typically, high pressure discharge lamps are operated with a low frequency rectangular current, also known as "unstable DC operation." Here, a rectangular current having a frequency of 100 Hz to several megahertz (kHz) is applied to the lamp. In each switching between the positive and negative voltages by the operating circuit, the lamp current is rectified, which results in a lamp current that becomes zero in a short period of time. This operation ensures that the electrodes of the lamp are also uniformly loaded during quasi-DC operation. The arc will have a -41-201103370 problem when operating a gas discharge lamp with an alternating current. When operating with an alternating current, the cathode will become an anode during rectification or vice versa. The cathode-anode conversion is substantially less problematic. This is because the temperature of the electrode hardly affects the operation of the anode. The ability of the electrodes to provide a sufficiently high current during anode-to-cathode switching is temperature dependent. If the temperature is too low, the arc is switched from a point-type arc operation to a diffuse arc operation at least after the zero crossing point during rectification. Such switching typically introduces a visible notch to the emitted light, which can be considered to be flickering.

Therefore, it is meaningful to operate the lamp in the form of an arc operation in the form of a point, so that the arc is therefore small and hot. As a result, the required voltage is small due to the higher temperature at a small occurrence point, and sufficient current can be supplied. Hereinafter, the process is regarded as rectification in which the polarity of the operating voltage of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is switched, and a large current- or voltage change occurs. In the symmetrical mode of operation of the lamp, there is a voltage- or current zero crossing point at the midpoint of the rectification time. It should be noted here that voltage rectification is usually faster than current rectification. It is known from "The boundary layers of ac-arcs at HID-electrodes: phase resolved electrical measurements and optical observations" by O. Langenscheidt et al., J. Phy s D 40 (2007), page 4 15-431: In cold and diffuse arcs, the voltage will rise first after rectification, since the electrode to be cooled can only supply the required current by a higher voltage. If the device for operating the gas discharge lamp does not provide this voltage, so-called flickering may occur. -42- 201103370 The problem involved in the arc mode for switching is mainly related to gas discharge lamps, which have larger electrodes than lamps with similar power ratings. Usually when "immediate light" is required, the gas discharge lamp operates in an overload mode, as is the case in a xenon-discharge lamp in the motor vehicle field, where 80% of the time must be reached after 4 seconds due to regulatory requirements. The amount of luminescence. During the so-called "quick start" (also known as the start-up phase), the lamps must be operated at much higher power than the rated power to comply with appropriate automotive codes or regulations. Therefore, the size of the electrode must be such as to achieve a high initial power, but this initial power is too large for normal operating conditions. Since the electrode is primarily heated by the lamp current flowing through it, the problem of flickering occurs primarily in aging gas discharge lamps, and the ignition voltage will increase at the end of the lamp's life. Due to the increased ignition voltage, the lamp current flowing through is small because the operating circuit maintains the lamp power fixed by the regulator during the stationary operation of the lamp, and the electrode of the gas discharge lamp is at the end of its life. Therefore it is no longer heated enough.

In an integrated gas discharge lamp, there is an advantage that the operating circuit is inseparably connected to the gas discharge lamp igniter so that the ignition period up to now (also referred to as rectification ignition period tk) can be simplified by the operating circuit. The way to measure 'where the rectification ignition period tk is the sum of all periods when the gas discharge lamp igniter is operated, although there is an inoperative period during operation. The above "measurement" can be performed, for example, by a time measuring device having a permanent memory, which usually measures time when the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 operates, thereby igniting an arc between the plurality of electrodes. Since the problem of flicker mainly occurs in aging lamps, a method is proposed in which the operating frequency of the -43-201103370 gas discharge lamp igniter is adjusted according to the ignition period of the gas discharge lamp igniter so as to follow the ignition period. The increase in the frequency of this operation has also increased. This has the advantage that switching of the operating phase of the anode and cathode can be accomplished relatively quickly at higher frequencies, which can cause temperature modulation at the tip of the electrode. Therefore, the temperature rise of the electrode tip at a higher frequency is smaller due to the inertia of heat. Surprisingly, it has been shown that the flicker does not occur when the electrode temperature exceeds the "critical minimum temperature" of the lamp electrode.

Of course, the frequency cannot be increased arbitrarily, otherwise various acoustic resonances will be excited in the lamp, which will distort the arc and flicker. This effect can occur when the frequency starts at 1 kHz. Therefore, a frequency of 400 Hz or 500 Hz is usually selected during normal operation (i.e., in the stationary operating phase after the ignition-and-start phase). This frequency is hereinafter referred to as the lower limit frequency. Hereinafter, the "low cumulative ignition period" is regarded as the ignition period when the igniter 50 of the gas discharge lamp 5 does not exhibit an aging effect or only shows a slight aging effect. This refers to the case where the gas discharge lamp 5 has reached the first 1% of the specified life until the accumulated ignition period. This commemoration "below a specific life" is considered as a life span in which the accumulated ignition period slowly reaches that particular life, for example, the commemoration "near a particular life" means 90% of that particular life. Between 100%. The life given by the manufacturer is considered a specific life. Figure 22 is a diagram of a first embodiment of the above method showing the operating frequency of the gas discharge lamp igniter during ignition. In Figure 22, the operating frequency is identifiable until the ignition period of 500 hours, and remains constant at 400°-44 - 201103370, continuously during the ignition period of 5 〇〇 hours to 15 ο 〇 hours. The Hz/hour mode is increased to 900 Hz so that it remains at 900 Hz. However, the frequency does not have to be continuously increased in the range of 500 Hz to 1500 Hz but can be increased in a stepwise manner. Therefore, in the second variant of the first embodiment of the method, as shown in Fig. 32, the ignition period (about equal to 5 8 3 hours) of the cumulative accumulation of 2097152 seconds is usually performed at 32768.

After two seconds (about 9.1 hours), the frequency is increased by 4 Hz. This frequency increases over a period of time until 128 improvements are made. Then, starting from the original starting point of 赫400 Hz, the frequency reaches 912 Hz. The second variant of the first embodiment is particularly suitable for implementation by digital logic circuits, for example, by means of a microcontroller or a digital circuit, in an ASIC, since the method requires only discontinuous time-and frequency steps. value. In the third variation of the first embodiment, as shown in Fig. 33, a particularly simple manner is used. Here, the frequency is multiplied from 400 Hz to 800 Hz in one step after 1048576 seconds (about 291 hours). The lamp is then typically operated at a high frequency. Relative to the second variant, only the unique frequency stepping is performed. In a second embodiment, as shown in Fig. 34, the above method is combined with a circuit configuration (not shown) for detecting flicker to adjust the frequency as required by the lamp igniter. The circuit configuration is therefore dominated by a detection circuit for detecting lamp voltage and/or lamp current. Alternatively, the appropriate correlation can also be used to detect before the rectifier. An electronic operator or ballast is commonly used in motor vehicles and can also be included in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 -45-

As the operation circuit 920, the electronic ballast may have a two-stage configuration consisting of a direct converter and a rectifier. The two stages are coupled to each other via a DC-to-DC circuit, wherein the DC voltage intermediate circuit is electrically and/or The time during which the intermediate circuit flows inward to the current in the rectifier is considered to be the size of the flashing of the lamp. The circuit configuration for detecting flicker detects whether or not the lamp is present. If so, and the current ignition period of the lamp is greater than 500 hours, the flicker-measurement method is entered. The method comprises the steps of: • increasing the state of the flash-minimum-search counter by one, - starting from the lower limit frequency, increasing the stepwise operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter, - measuring the intensity of the flicker in the selected operating frequency. Here, at least the degree is stored in each of the selected operating frequencies. If necessary, the measurement of the other measured intensity measured in the operating frequency must be performed with a larger time interval to compensate for statistical fluctuations in the operator. In the second embodiment, for example, the measurement time of 30 minutes is set. This frequency is therefore taken at 100 Hz each time and then the flicker intensity is measured. In the first step, the frequency rises to the first upper limit frequency of Hertz. As long as the flicker disappears or the flicker intensity is an allowable threshold 値 below, as the frequency does not continue, the actual frequency required for the time can be ensured in a permanent memory so that the lamp The next time it is turned on, it can be started at the same frequency as the near operation. When the current voltage and voltage are at medium voltage, the variability can flash. Line one frequency to flash a strong number. When the flash is emitted - 20 ί increases, up to 900 drops to increase the operation to the most -46 - 201103370 If the flicker has not been eliminated when the frequency has increased to the first upper limit or the flicker strength has not decreased to one Below the allowable threshold 値, the flash-minimum _ search counter state is incremented by one and the frequency continues to increase until it reaches three times the first upper limit frequency, in which case the triple 値 is 2 700 Hz ( The so-called second upper limit frequency is then suitably selected in the entire range measured between the lower limit frequency and the second upper limit frequency, wherein the minimum flicker has been shown. The flashing intensity belonging to the minimum flicker is multiplied by a greater than A factor of 1 and a so-called actual flicker boundary 储存 is stored as a threshold for the new allowable ♦.

In the following, the flicker is monitored and measured and the actual flicker intensity is periodically tested to be greater than the actual flicker boundary 値. If so, jump to the frequency at which the second small flicker intensity has been displayed in the above search. The lamp is operated at this frequency, and the flicker is also monitored and measured. Now, if the actual flicker intensity should be above the actual flicker boundary ,, then switch to the frequency with the third smallest flicker intensity. In the subsequent operation, if the actual flicker intensity should be above the actual flicker boundary ,, the flicker-minimum-find counter state is incremented by 1 and the new process of the minimum search begins. The entire frequency range between the lower limit frequency and the second upper limit frequency. The counter state that is normally driven in the flicker-minimum search and the actual flicker boundary 値 are stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit (920, 93 0). The two turns can be read via a communication interface of an integrated gas discharge lamp (e.g., a LIN-bus). During maintenance of the motor vehicle, for example, during inspections after the expiration of the service-period or when the motor vehicle is defective due to defects

-47- 201103370 When the car is in between, the above two 値 are read and compared with each boundary ,, and each boundary 値 indicates an allowable 値. Each boundary 値 can also be stored in an integrated gas discharge lamp and read out via a communication bus. However, for the sake of simplicity, the borders are stored in a preferred embodiment in a diagnostic device between cars. If one of the read 値 is larger than the associated boundary 値, the integrated gas discharge lamp (5) must be replaced with a new integrated gas discharge lamp. This approach greatly increases the availability of the lighting system without incurring significant costs, since the lamp can be replaced early when needed and does not require a significant amount of time during maintenance, because the vehicle is usually connected at this time. To the diagnostic device. The data read by the permanent memory of the operating circuit will be compared to the boundary ,, and each boundary 値 can be based on the accumulated ignition period (tk) or accumulated weighted ignition period also read from the permanent memory. (tkg) changes, the flashing boundary of the aging lamp must be greater than the new light that does not have to be replaced. The dependence of the boundary 値 with the ignition of the lamp is provided by the lamp manufacturer to the vehicle manufacturer so that the data can be loaded into the diagnostic device in the form of a table or matrix.

In the third embodiment, similar to the second embodiment, it is particularly necessary to save space in the microcontroller. In the above search, only the minimum flicker intensity that has occurred so far and the associated operating frequency are stored. That is, only the minimum search of the flicker intensity is performed instead of the instant measurement. When the first search to the first upper limit frequency is performed, if the search is not interrupted, as in the second embodiment, the search continues to the second upper limit. The frequency is up. Then, jump directly to the frequency stored in the smallest memory. The lamp is then operated at this frequency for at least 30 minutes and during this period the -48-201103370 flashing intensity for this period is determined. If the flicker intensity is higher than the original intensity by more than an allowable factor (e.g., 20%), a new search is started after the most likely operating frequency, and thus proceeds as described above. By the operating frequency of the gas discharge lamp igniter being raised during ignition, the tendency of the ignitor to flicker can be greatly reduced without the need for significant cost in the circuit configuration itself. Since the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 comprises a microcontroller, the entire method can be implemented in the software of the microcontroller without incurring additional costs. In the second embodiment, the circuit configuration for the flicker is implemented purely in software in a suitable design. The measurement required to detect the flicker is applied to the microcontroller for other reasons, so that a detection unit can be implemented in software by appropriately evaluating the defects. The circuit components required in the hardware exist for other reasons and therefore do not incur additional costs. Communication interface

As mentioned above, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can dictate a communication element or at least one communication interface, which in particular can communicate with the onboard circuitry of the motor vehicle. A LIN-bus bar has been shown to be particularly advantageous. However, it can also be connected to an integrated gas discharge lamp by means of a CAN-bus and an on-board circuit. By means of the communication interface, the lamp can advantageously communicate with a higher-level control system (for example, an optical module) in the motor vehicle. Here, a plurality of pieces of information can be transmitted to the upper control system via the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 via the communication interface. This information is stored in the permanent memory of the lamp. In the production of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, much information is generated which can be collected by the production equipment and, at the end of the production of the lamp, can be programmed in the permanent memory of the lamp. However, the information can also be directly written into the permanent memory of the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, so that a communication interface is not necessarily required here.

At the time of production, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is, for example, accurately measured and, when inserted into the socket 70 with respect to the reference surface of the socket, is fixed in a precisely defined position on the socket. This ensures the high quality of the optical system consisting of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and the headlight 3, since the arc ignited between the plurality of electrodes 504 of the gas discharge lamp is relative to the reference plane (which is The interface of the headlight) occupies an accurate spatial position. The distance and location of electrodes such as electrodes in production machines are known. However, the electrode distance is an important number for the operating circuit because the electrode distance of the gas discharge lamp 50 is related to the ignition voltage. Also, the unique serial number or the production load number can be stored in the permanent memory of the lamp to ensure reusability. By means of the serial number, the components of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can be interrogated from all available data via a database managed by the manufacturer, so that relevant lamps can be found in the event of an error in the production of individual components. . In a preferred embodiment of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, the communication interface is used to interrogate other permanent memories stored in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 during operation of the lamp via the onboard circuit. The parameters in the body and also store the parameters. For example, the data in the optical system constituting the headlight can be stored in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, since the data can be controlled, so that the power of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can also be controlled to make the headlight The system emits a uniform amount of light. -50- 201103370 The following communication parameters are particularly suitable for use as communication parameters: - during the ignition of the cumulative discharge of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, - the number of flicker effects produced, ie the number of times the allowable boundary 値 is exceeded, - start The number of flashes - min - search, - actual lamp power, - the actual frequency of the rectifier, - the rating of the lamp power = (= the target rated power of the lamp),

- Actual lamp power, - Temperature of the circuit, - Serial number or charge number, - Total number of lamp extinguishers and number of lamp extinguishers in the past period (for example, 200 hours), - Number of unlit. In principle, the conventional operating circuit, which is not integrated in the socket of the discharge lamp, has also measured the above parameters and the above parameters can be used via the communication interface. Of course, the above parameters are not available for diagnosis in the service range of the motor vehicle, since the lamp is currently replaceable and independent of the operating circuit, and the read parameters are therefore not necessarily described by the lamp and the operating circuit. The existing lamp is constructed. The above system of integrated gas discharge lamps does not have such a disadvantage, in which a gas discharge lamp igniter and its operating circuit are not integrated into one lamp separately from each other. The communication interface is preferably a LIN-bus or a CAN-bus. These two interface protocols (proto col) have been widely extended and applied to the automotive field. If the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is not used in an automobile, the interface of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 may have a specification extending to general illumination, such as a 'DALI or EIB/Insta bus bar. Due to the above information (mainly during the accumulated ignition period), the upper control system present in the motor vehicle, for example, can calculate the possible replacement time point of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. During the detection period of the motor vehicle, it can be determined whether the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is still operating normally or whether it needs to be replaced until the next detection period, since the degraded light quality Φ of the lamp or the failure of the lamp must be considered. As described above for the flashing lamp, the data is read via the communication interface of the integrated gas discharge lamp, a service technology can read the data from the integrated gas discharge lamp, and can be replaced before the failure if necessary light. When the data on the process of the integrated gas discharge lamp is stored in the permanent memory unchanged, the data can be currently used to calculate the life of the lamp.

The time estimate, such as how long the integrated gas discharge lamp can operate normally, can be accurately estimated. Preferably, the data is stored in a permanent memory of the operating circuit, whereby the data can represent the time period on the process. Therefore, the 'possible error process or the insufficiency that has been determined in the charging later can be replaced before the lamp fails." This is of great benefit to the user of the motor vehicle, especially the integrated gas discharge lamp. When used in a headlight, it involves an application related to special safety. When the data is stored in the permanent circuit of the operation circuit, the integrated gas discharge lamp can be clearly identified, and the data stored in the database in the process can be easily and reliably assigned. The light. A clear and unique serial number stored in the permanent -52-201103370 memory of the operating circuit is particularly functionally effective. Moreover, the serial number also includes a manufacturer serial number adjusted according to all manufacturers, so that different manufacturers of the integrated gas discharge enthalpy of the same type can set a continuous serial number in their respective processes, and then Make sure that no second light has the same serial number. During operation of the integrated gas discharge lamp, it is preferred to store one or more numbers in the permanent memory that monotonically increase with the number of ignitions and/or ignitions of the gas discharge lamp. Here, the ignition period of the gas discharge lamp igniter is measured and added to be stored in the ® permanent memory of the operation circuit as a cumulative ignition period. This accumulated ignition period is preferably stored in a permanent number in the body. However, the ignition period can also be weighted by the above operational parameters and stored numerically in the permanent memory of the operational circuit, the number corresponding to the weighted accumulated ignition period. The different forms of the accumulated ignition period will be further described below. Therefore, the current ignition period can be reliably adjusted with the life set by the manufacturer, and the remaining life of the lamp can be accurately pointed out. The lifetime set by the manufacturer can be a function of other data that is also read by the permanent memory, such that the lifetime depends, for example, on the number of starts of the lamp or the desired photocurrent. For economic reasons, the determination as to whether or not to replace the integrated gas discharge lamp can be additionally determined by the information stored in the service-vehicle diagnostic device, which was obtained at a later inter-car-search. And information such as "How much light is used during the later service - during the period" can also have an impact on the relevant decisions. When the number stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit indicates that the light is flashing, the number refers specifically to the flicker-minimum-search or actual flash-53-201103370

The number of firings of the boundary is then accurately measured and read as needed. The read enthalpy is used to evaluate the remaining life of the lamp in the service of the motor vehicle in which the integrated gas discharge lamp is located. For the same service technology to be considered, the number stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit is the number of times the gas discharge lamp ignitor is ignited, since the number of ignitions has the same effect on the life as the ignition period. During the service period of the motor vehicle, data is read from the permanent memory of the operating circuit and different actions are performed during maintenance based on the data. This maintenance is therefore more efficient and better. Early failures are therefore less frequent and customer satisfaction is improved. The determination of whether or not the integrated gas discharge lamp is to be replaced may be achieved in accordance with the information read in the permanent memory of the operating circuit, in addition to the experience of the service technician. Preferably, the determination is made during the accumulated ignition of the gas discharge lamp igniter and/or during the weighted cumulative ignition period and/or when the number of ignitions exceeds a particular boundary 値. The boundary 値 is preferably related to the time required for the process and/or to the information that can be used to clearly identify the integrated gas discharge lamp. Therefore, the replacement of the integrated gas discharge lamp can be reliably and easily determined. The lumen (luminous amount) is fixed. However, the information stored in the permanent memory of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can also be used to keep the amount of illumination of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 constant during its lifetime. The amount of luminescence changes during the life of the gas discharge lamp. As the ignition period increases, the efficiency of the lamp is degraded by the blackening and devitrification of the discharge tube, the tempering of the electrode, and the resulting arcing change. The efficiency of the entire optical system will be even more evil

ί S -54- 201103370, because the system is usually designed to be used for point light sources or for the shortest discharge arc caused by the minimum electrode distance, and more in the optical system when the discharge arc becomes longer The light will disappear. The efficiency of the optical system itself during operation will also be reduced due to temperature cycling or permanent vibrations in the automotive headlamps that cause the lens to become turbid or out of focus. The ignition period (tk) of the lamp and the weighted cumulative ignition period (tkg) will be described below, wherein the weighted cumulative ignition period (tkg) is weighted by a weighting function γ which will be detailed below.

Since the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 stores the relevant parameters of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 in the permanent memory, the operating power PLA applied to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can be based on Accumulated during the ignition period to adjust. Since the aging process is performed in a non-linear manner, a compensation function β can be stored in the operational circuit in a simple embodiment, as shown in Fig. 27. Here, the weighted cumulative ignition period tkg of the lamp is plotted as a function of the quotient of the lamp power Pla of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 to the rated power Pn. This power is slightly increased in the area below the ignition period of less than 1 hour. This helps to set conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity) for the gas discharge lamp igniter. The "burn-in" phenomenon of the igniter 50 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 should also be mentioned here. If the lamp is "burning-in", it can be operated with a slightly smaller power (approximately 90% of the rated power) because the lamp is as efficient as a lens. Starting from a weighted cumulative ignition period tki of approximately 100 hours, the power rises again slowly to reach the lamp power PLa, which is greater than the set of the igniter, when reaching a specific end of life of 3,000 hours - 55- 201103370 rated power of ίο%. Therefore, the amount of luminescence of the gas discharge lamp igniter remains fixed during ignition. The functions stored in this operating circuit are affected by the igniter parameters (eg, electrode distance) stored in permanent memory during production. The advanced system is the above-mentioned control system to control the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, in which other optical functions can be implemented, for example, rate dependent control of the amount of light emitted. In an implementation of such an advanced system, the operational circuit must be designed to operate at an under power Φ rate or over power. However, if the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is not operated at rated power, it is aged in a manner different from when operated at rated power. This must be considered when calculating the cumulative ignition period. Here, a weighting function γ is stored in the operating circuit, which is a factor related to under power and over power. Figure 28 is a diagram showing the weighting function γ of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 disposed in the headlight of a motor vehicle. If the gas discharge lamp igniter is operated with excessive power, the aging rate is faster because the electrode is too hot and the electrode material will evaporate. If the gas discharge lamp igniter® 50 operates at a much lower underpower, the aging rate is also faster, because the electrode is too cold and the electrode material will condense, so the electrode material must be etched by sputtering. This is undesirable because it will degrade the life and light efficiency of the lamp. Therefore, the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 must calculate the aging together in the weighted cumulative ignition period tkg. This can be calculated by the following formula: tkg(t) = j / (7); f(i) only represents the oh ignition function, that is, as long as the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is operating, f(O = l. If the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is not operated, then f(T) = 0. If the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is operated with over or under power, the aging rate reaches 1 0 more quickly. In an advanced control system, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is operated with over or under power, and an advanced communication with the upper controller can also be realized in the control system. It is to be noted that the upper controller no longer needs the specific power of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, but requires a predetermined amount of light. To achieve this purpose, a tone must be stored in the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. Fig. 29 is a diagram showing the dimming curve α in an example of an integrated gas discharge lamp 5 for Φ automotive technology. This dimming curve shows the photocurrent Φ5 emitted by the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. π or as shown in Figure 29 The flow Φ Ν forms a normalized photocurrent %, and the igniter power PLa,s or the ignitor power ¥ of the Φν igniter rated power ΡΝ is normalized as shown in Fig. 29. In Fig. 29, the dependence Sexually displayed in the gas discharge lamp igniter 50

The 100 hours of the weighted cumulative ignition period is in tkg. There will be a different curve profile for another weighted cumulative ignition period tkg of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Ideally, the three-dimensional feature field is stored in the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, which also takes into account the aging of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Figure 29 is therefore a cut-away view of the characteristic field in the weighted cumulative ignition period tkg of the gas discharge lamp igniter for 1 hour. The characteristic field used to determine the lamp power includes, in addition to the photocurrent and the weighted accumulated ignition period, other dimensions, for example, the ignition period or the estimated ignition temperature at which the lamp has recently started to ignite with a particular effect. Mapping -57-201103370 to an area within a few minutes after ignition, depending on the so-called "high run of the lamp, during the period (this would otherwise cause evaporation of the dip), a brief change in heat (^& 118161^) The dimming curve is not necessarily stored in the form of a characteristic field in the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, but can also be stored in the form of a function that can be made by a microcontroller integrated in the operating circuit. In order to calculate the lamp power to be adjusted as simply as possible, the basic function or the corresponding characteristic field is approximately represented by a product, except that the rated power Pn of the gas discharge lamp igniter is used as a factor, A separate factor also describes the influence of each of the above numbers. Therefore, the required ignitor power PLa at a particular amount of light is, for example, expressed by the following formula Show: PLa = ☆ · «(_). 々 (&); factor β considers the aging of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. This function ρ may also include aging of the optical system, wherein the above information is preferably borrowed The communication interface of the integrated gas discharge lamp is used to inform that the effect can also be considered when calculating the operation circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp. The light preset by the controller

The amount is for example related to the speed of the motor vehicle, which operates in a motor vehicle. In slower operation, the lamp is dimmed and driven. Conversely, when the vehicle is running fast on a highway, the lamp is operated at rated power to ensure that the track during operation is widely visible and well illuminated. In the advanced operating circuit of another embodiment of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, the current ignition period of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can also be considered during operation. When the weighted cumulative ignition period tkg approaches a particular end of life of the gas discharge lamp igniter, the operating circuit can drive the igniter at a power that minimizes the age of the lamp and causes -58- 201103370 This effectively makes the lamp last longer than conventional operation. Figure 30 shows this igniter curve showing the relationship of the quotient of the photocurrent to the lifetime 4 of the normalized Φν. The latter is divided by the ignition period tk of the lamp

The lamp's rated life tN (for example, 3,000 hours) is calculated. Up to 3% of the rated life, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is operated at 1.2 times the rated power to set conditions for the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 and to burn. The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is then operated at rated power for a longer period of time. If the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 reaches 80% of its life, the power is continuously reduced to 0.8 times the rated power. The weighting function in Figure 28 reveals in a detailed view that the lamp is protected during operation at a maximum of 0.8 times its rated power. Therefore, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can operate at this power against the end of its life to ensure a long remaining life as long as possible and prevent sudden failures (which have fatal consequences in the automotive field). If the ignition period U of the lamp is not used, the weighted cumulative ignition period tkg can also be used for the illustration of Fig. 30. The integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can calculate its gas discharge lamp due to the above-mentioned data and calculation results. The possible remaining life of the igniter is stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit 220, 230. If the motor is inspected between the cars, the lamp data required for the inspection, in particular the remaining life of the stored, can be read. Depending on the remaining life that has been read out, it can be further determined whether the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 has to be replaced. The serial number of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and/or the serial number of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can also be stored in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. Based on these serial numbers, the mechanics in the car can ask through the manufacturer's database whether the lamp is good or not - 59- 201103370 is good or may need to be replaced due to missing parts in the manufacturing or the components formed therein. In a further advantageous embodiment of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, in contrast to the previous embodiment, the possible remaining life is not read out in the car and the actual operation of the lamp is read out. data. This information is then evaluated by the diagnostic device based on the rating data of the manufacturer's database belonging to the respective serial number. Thus, the nominal life tN of a lamp having a given serial number is stored, for example, in the manufacturer's database. When there is a defect in the process, the φ rated life is low. After other data (e.g., number of igniting) is stored in the operational circuit via operation, the parameters can be compared to the manufacturer's database, e.g., containing the number of times the lamp is rated for each lamp. The high number of ignitions read by the operating circuit is close to the rated number of ignitions, and the resulting decision is that the lamp must be replaced, although the lamp's rated life has not yet reached. By using such guidelines, the availability of light sources can be improved in an economical manner. This process is therefore considered to be particularly economical.

The lamp is only replaced when the probability of its failure is increasing. The manufacturer of the lamp is coded into the first bit of the number of the lamp to ensure that the serial number is clearly maintained, although in the given case multiple lamp manufacturers can make mutually replaceable products. When the manufacturer database is inquired about the rated data, such as the rated life or the rated number of ignitions, via a communication connection between the car and the lamp manufacturer (for example, the Internet), the operation can be handled by countermeasures. The data read by the circuit is transmitted to the lamp manufacturer. Therefore, a two-way data exchange is required between the operating circuit of the lamp and the manufacturer's database. In this way, the product can be tracked on site, especially the statistical investigation of the use of the product -60-201103370, which is beneficial to the further development of the product. However, in addition to the serial number, as long as the VIN (Vehicle Identification Number) of the motor vehicle is transmitted, individual data investigation is also possible. Moreover, it is also possible to protect against forgery of the product, which is achieved in the following manner: when the product is forged, the serial number must also be encoded, which may result in inconsistent data on the surface when the data is finally transmitted to the manufacturer. This is because the number of operating hours calculated for the serial number does not continue to decrease, so that the conclusion can be drawn for the counterfeit product.

Arc Straightening Next, a method of flattening the arcing of a gas discharge lamp igniter will be described, which is implemented in one embodiment of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. In the first embodiment, the operation circuit 920 is used as a reference, and has the form shown in Fig. 23. The operating circuit 92 has a DC voltage converter 92 10 that is powered by the battery voltage of the vehicle. A rectifier 9220 is connected to the DC voltage converter 921 via an intermediate circuit capacitor Czw. The rectifier 9220 supplies an alternating voltage to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 via a lamp circuit. The lamp circuit is constituted by an output capacitor CA and an ignition circuit 910 having a main winding (in the lamp circuit) for igniting the transformer and the gas discharge lamp igniter 5 〇. By virtue of this, it is known in the prior art that the arcing can be made flat in the flexible design of the individual components. Straight arcing provides many advantages. The most important advantage is the preferred heat consumption of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. This is achieved by the uniform hot wall loading of the igniter tube. This results in better heat usage and the longer life of the igniter tube due to -61 - 201103370. The second major advantage is a contracted arc which has less diffusivity. With such a "narrower arc", the lens of the headlight can be set more accurately and the light efficiency of the headlight can be greatly improved. Since the ignition and operation circuit 910, 920 or the total operation circuit 930 (hereinafter also referred to as an operation circuit) in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is inseparably connected to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, "so" can be discharged in a gas The operating circuit is calibrated on the lamp igniter 50 to produce a stable arc with a Φ ignitable flat arc. Since the operating circuit 920, 930 and its gas discharge lamp igniter 50 are inseparable and the ignition of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is also known, the aging effect of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 This will affect the mode of operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The basic method used to straighten the arc of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is as follows: the operating circuit 920, 930 is in the gas discharge lamp igniter 50

The first time it is turned on, it is measured by acoustic resonance and the frequency suitable for making the arc flat is detected. This is achieved by scanning the frequency region between the minimum and maximum frequencies. The frequencies are modulated at the operating frequency of the integrated gas discharge lamp igniter. During the scan, the impedance of the gas discharge lamp igniter is measured and the lowest impedance and its associated frequency are stored. The frequency with the lowest impedance represents the maximum arc straightness that can be achieved. Depending on the lamp type, this minimum frequency can be reduced to a frequency of 80 kHz. This maximum frequency can reach a frequency of 3 Hz. In a typical high pressure gas discharge lamp for automotive technology, the minimum frequency is approximately 110 kHz and the maximum frequency is approximately 16 kHz. Measurements are required to make the manufacturing tolerance of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 -62- 201103370

(tolerance) to get compensation. Typical aging data for the resonant frequency of the lamp is stored in a table in a microcontroller (not shown) of the operating circuit 920, 93 0. The gauge can be stored depending on the mode of operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter (cycle form, start-up or dimming operation). Also, in another embodiment, the controlled operation may be extended to an adjusted modulation operation at a modulation frequency in a narrow range near the calculated frequency (according to the controlled operation). The calculated frequency is modulated by a modulation frequency of, for example, 1 kHz to prevent flicker in the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 due to excitation of acoustic resonance. An advantage shown in comparison with the prior art operating devices of the prior art is that the frequency range (where the frequency has to be changed) is small, and the problems associated with extinguished lamps or unstable regulator characteristics are small. In a particular lamp type, it makes sense to measure the frequency range around a particular modulation frequency for flicker characteristics to ensure a stable lamp operation. Here, in one embodiment, the circuit is configured to detect flicker, and the frequency at the modulation frequency is also measured for the flicker characteristic. In the first embodiment of Fig. 23, the frequency of the DC voltage converter 9210 is selected to be equal to the modulation frequency. By the corresponding design of the intermediate circuit capacitor Czw, the high frequency chopping as the modulated high frequency alternating current voltage is maintained at the direct current voltage emitted by the direct current voltage converter 9210. A DC voltage having a modulated high frequency AC voltage is used as an input voltage for the rectifier 9220. The rectifier 9220 is formed in a full bridge circuit that converts a DC voltage into a rectangular AC voltage. The amplitude of the modulated signal (ie, the modulated high frequency AC voltage) is determined by the size of the output filter (output capacitor CA) of the full bridge circuit and the secondary winding of the pulse ignition transformer -63-201103370 (IPSH , IPSR) determines the inductance. Since the components are inseparably interconnected in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, the components can be well adjusted to the desired mode of operation by superimposing the high frequency voltage to achieve the desired level of arc discharge. Straight phenomenon. A disadvantage of this embodiment is the manner in which the fixed frequency of the DC voltage converter operates, which results in an unloading effect that is not effective and increases the losses of the system.

In the second embodiment of Fig. 24, the superimposed high frequency voltage is generated by a signal generator 9230 which couples the high frequency voltage to the choke coil LK and the main of the ignition transformer of the ignition circuit 910. In the light circuit between the windings. This coupling prior to igniting the transformer is important, otherwise the signal generator 9230 must operate at a fixed high voltage. The choke is used to decouple the intermediate circuit capacitor CZK, otherwise the coupled high frequency voltage will be too much attenuated. For this reason, the inductance of the ignition transformer of the ignition circuit 910 should also be as small as possible. Therefore, the signal generator must be designed such that the frequency of the coupled high frequency voltage is again modulated so that the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 achieves a safe and flicker free operation. In a third embodiment of Fig. 25, the signal generator is integrated in the ignition circuit 910. Here, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is activated by a resonance ignition. The ignition circuit has an ignition transformer TIR for high frequency operation, which is controlled by a signal generator consisting of a level-E converter. The ignition transformer TIR is sized such that at least the substantially oscillating frequency of the generated high frequency is still transmitted sufficiently well, the frequency of the fundamental oscillation being the same as the switching frequency of the converter of the level-E, in particular This frequency -64- 201103370

The efficiency of the rate is better than 10%. The switching frequency of this level-E converter is between 80 Hz and 10 MHz during ignition. However, this frequency is preferably chosen to be greater than 300 kHz because a small form of construction is possible at this frequency and this frequency is chosen to be less than 4 MHz, which is due to the achievable efficiency at this frequency. Particularly high. The control of the ignition transformer is achieved via a main winding separated by electroplating. The secondary winding is divided into two windings separated by a plating phase, which are respectively connected between the lamp electrode and the rectifier 9 2 2 0. The signal generator produces a high frequency current flowing through the main winding of the ignition transformer TIR which excites a resonance in the resonant circuit on the secondary side which ignites the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. This resonant circuit consists of a secondary inductance of the ignition transformer TIR and a capacitance CR2 located above the lamp. Since the capacitor CR2 is small, it does not have to be integrated in the ignition circuit 910 in the form of a member, but can be produced by a construction measure. As long as the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 has ignited, the signal generator operates in such a way that it inputs a high frequency signal via the ignition transformer TIR, which is modulated at the lamp voltage to level the arc Straight. This has the advantage that the frequency and amplitude of the modulated voltage can be adjusted relatively freely so that the optimized operation of the DC voltage converter 9210 or the rectifier 9220 still exists. With such a circuit form, the ignition circuit 910 can also control the high take-over voltage generated by the resonant circuit of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, so that the regulated voltage does not have to be controlled by the DC voltage converter 9210. To produce. With this measure, the operation mode of the DC voltage converter 9210 can be further optimized because the output voltage range required for the DC voltage converter 92 10 becomes small. The rectifier 9220 -65- 201103370 must use a small amount of power because a portion of the lamp power is input via the modulated lamp voltage. This embodiment thus provides the greatest degree of freedom in the use of various operating parameters in order to achieve an optimized and reliable operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 in a straight discharge arc. Figure 26 is a simplified embodiment of the DC voltage converter 92 10 compared to the prior art. The DC voltage converters commonly used in the prior art for ballasts, which can operate on the onboard power supply of automobiles, have the form of a cut-off (also known as Flyback) converter, since the 12 volt load voltage must be increased. Φ to a large voltage. In the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, since the electrical contact occurs only in the headlight 3 when the lamp is used, a simple converter in the form of a high setter (also known as Boost) can be used. - converter) having a step-up transformer TFB. This is possible because of the inadvertent contact between the converter output and the ground of the vehicle (which would damage the boost-converter) in the electromechanical interface used. The DC voltage converter in the form of a cut-off converter currently used in the prior art also allows interruption of the energy flow when shorted on the output side. This is not the case in the converter sympathy of Figure 26, because there is no galvanic isolation region in the power path of the converter, which allows the input (ie, 12 volts onboard) The energy flow to the output (i.e., the current conductor of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50) is interrupted, wherein the current conductor may inadvertently be connected to the ground of the vehicle. In other cases, the DC voltage converter is constructed in a general manner and consists of an input side EMI filter, an input capacitor C1, a converter switch Q, an inductor TFB forming a step-up transformer, and the like. The inductor TFB operates on the intermediate circuit capacitor Czw via the diode D. This converter -66-201103370 is cost effective compared to the cut-off converter used in the prior art. Thus, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is cost effective in terms of system relative to prior art lamp systems having gas discharge lamps and external electronic operating devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in a first embodiment. Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the mechanical φ member of the integrated gas discharge lamp of the first embodiment. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the second embodiment. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the second embodiment. Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of the interface of the headlight/gas discharge lamp. The sixth_ is a detailed view of the electrical contact. Figure 7 is a detailed view of the mechanical contact.

The stomach 8_ is a cutaway view of the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the third embodiment. The Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the fourth embodiment. Figure 10 is a perspective view of an ignition transformer of an integrated gas discharge lamp. Figure 10 is a perspective view of the upper portion of the ignition transformer. Figure 12 is a perspective view of the lower portion of the ignition transformer. Figure 13 is a perspective view of the lower part of the ignition transformer, which shows that the voltage can be changed to -67- \ 201103370, the Chinese version is applied to the second, and the figure is around 4E times. J Fig. The surface of the device is decomposed into the pressure of the device. The combustion is in the middle of the form. The actual form is the second and the third. The figure is shown in Fig. 5 6 il. The group of the formula is cut around the surface of the machine and the igniting point is shown in the figure. Display oxygen connection | Connect the burner point • The name of the pulse is not in the middle. The technique group is around the U-*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The picture is connected, and the lamp on the side of the picture is cut off. The lamp is 1gm1 ιρτ ιρτ. The 澧澧 B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B Fig. 22 is a view showing the operating frequency of the gas discharge lamp igniter during ignition. Fig. 23 is a circuit diagram when the linear arc light is operated in the first embodiment. Figure 24 is a circuit diagram when the arc light is operated by linear arc in the second embodiment. Figure 25 is a circuit diagram when the arc light is operated by linear arc in the third embodiment. Figure 26 is a circuit diagram of a simplified operation of the DC voltage converter. -68- 201103370 Figure 27 shows a plot of the normalized rated point-fire power of the gas discharge lamp igniter as a function of the weighted cumulative ignition period. Figure 28 is a diagram of the weighting function γ. Figure 29 is a diagram of the function a. Figure 30 is a graph showing the relationship between the normalized rated photocurrent of the gas discharge lamp igniter and the normalized cumulative ignition period. Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the fifth embodiment.

Figure 32 is a flow chart showing a method for operating the integrated gas discharge lamp in the variant of the first embodiment. Fig. 33 is another variant of the first embodiment for operating the integrated gas discharge lamp. A flow chart of the method. Figure 34 is a flow chart showing a method for operating the integrated gas discharge lamp in the second embodiment. [Main component symbol description]

20 electronic operating device 2 10 electrical contact 220 electrical contact 230 electrical contact 240 electrical contact 3 head lamp 3 3 head lamp reflector 3 5 pair of contact area carrier part 3 50 upright contact 1S -69- 201103370

351 , 352 slit 5 integrated gas discharge lamp 50 gas discharge lamp igniter 502 discharge tube 504 electrode 506 molybdenum foil 52 metal clip for fixing gas discharge lamp igniter 5 3 - metal clip fixing piece 54 outer bulb metal Layer 56 gas discharge lamp ignitor current line 57 close to the lamp holder current line 70 away from the lamp holder lamp holder 702 reference ring 703 section 705 protruding from the reference ring fixing clip for gas discharge lamp 705 1 guide groove 7 05 3 fixed The ridge in the clip 7 1 The sealing ring of the reflector 72 The electrically conductive outer casing 722 The connecting plate 73 The sealing ring between the socket plate and the lamp holder 74 The lamp holder plate 74 1 The lamp holder plate dome 80 Ignition transformer -70- 201103370

8 1 Ferrite core 8 11 Ferrite core first half 8 110 Ferrite core inside first half 8 112 Ferrite core first half side wall 8 112 1 Long recess 8 12 Ferritic core second half 814-816 Back iron ferrite 8 120 Ferrite core inner second half 8 122 Ferrite core second half side wall 8 1221 Long recess 82 1 Hollow Cylindrical 822 circular plate 823 slit 824 hollow cylindrical central core 825 first plate 826 second plate 827 fitting 8 5 contact body 85 1 first top cover surface 852 second top cover surface 86 main winding 861, 863, 865 orientation Internal cylindrical circular member 862, 864 to the electrical contact zone connecting plate 8620, 8640 radius of the main winding strip or round piece -71 - 201103370

866-869 Fixed connection plate for mechanical fixing 87 Secondary winding 87 1 Internal end of secondary winding 872 Secondary winding external end 9 10 Ignition circuit 920 Operation circuit 93 0 Total operation circuit 92 10 DC voltage converter 9220 Rectifier 92 3 0 signal generator

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Claims (1)

201103370 VII. Application for the patent season 围» 1. An integrated gas discharge lamp (5) in which the gas discharge lamp igniter (50) and the operating circuit (910) of the gas discharge lamp igniter (5 〇) are integrated The lamp is characterized in that the integrated gas discharge lamp additionally has an operating circuit (92 0) having a permanent memory whose data can be read via the communication interface of the integrated gas discharge lamp. 2. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 1, wherein the integrated gas discharge lamp (5) is stored unchanged in the permanent memory of the operating circuit (920) data. 3. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 2, wherein the data is stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit (920), and the data is used to infer the time required for the production. 4. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 2, wherein the data clearly identifiable for the integrated gas discharge lamp (5) is stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit (920) In the body. 5. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 4, wherein a serial number is stored in the permanent body of the operating circuit (920). 6. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein one or more numbers are stored in the permanent memory, during ignition and/or the gas The number of times the discharge lamp is ignited monotonically increases. 7. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the integrated gas discharge lamp (5) is designed to measure the gas discharge lamp igniter (50) During ignition, they are summed and stored in the permanent memory of the -73-201103370 operating circuit (920) as a cumulative ignition period (tk) and/or a cumulative weighted ignition period (tkg). 8. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 6, wherein the number stored in the permanent body of the operating circuit (920) indicates that the lamp has flicker, in particular, flickering - minimum - The number of starts of the search or the number of starts of the actual flashing boundary. 9. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 6, wherein the number of permanent magnets stored in the operating circuit (9 20) is equal to the number of ignitions of the gas discharge lamp igniter. 1 0 - A method for repairing an integrated gas discharge lamp (5) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the data is read from the permanent memory of the operating circuit (920) and Based on this information, a different process is performed during maintenance. 11. The repair method of claim 9 or 10, wherein "whether the integrated gas discharge lamp (5) needs to be replaced" may be based on data read from the permanent memory of the operating circuit (920). Decide. 12. The repair method of claim 10, wherein the accumulated ignition period (tk) of the gas discharge lamp igniter and/or the accumulated weighted ignition period (tkg) and/or the number of ignitions have been When a specific boundary 値 is exceeded, it may be decided that the integrated gas discharge lamp (5) should be replaced. 13. The repair method of claim 11, wherein the boundary 有关 is related to a production period and/or information that can be used to clearly identify the integrated gas discharge lamp (5). -74-