201031273 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種整合式氣體放電燈，其中氣體放電燈點 燃器及其操作電路整合在燈中，且本發明亦涉及一整合式 氣體放電燈之操作方法。 【先前技術】 本發明涉及一種整合式氣體放電燈，其中氣體放電燈點 Φ 燃器及其操作電路整合在燈中，且本發明亦涉及一種依據 申請專利範圍獨立項所載整合式氣體放電燈之操作方法》 氣體放電燈在持續點燃期間有閃爍的傾向。結果，一方 面會造成大的電極間距，另一方面會造成變形且裂開的電 極尖端，其不能確保工整的弧光的形成。由於電極間距較 大，因此電流下降而使電極受到較少的加熱，這樣會使發 生閃爍的傾向增高。 由EP 0792570B1中已知一種氣體放電燈的操作方法， _ 其可確保均勻的電極溫度。該文件建議於起動及正常操作 期間，在低頻的矩形波操作時，使全橋式電路-頻率改變。 該頻率因此藉由儲存在微控制器中的由電極溫度和燈電流 構成的函數來決定》電極溫度由一種模型中導出。此方法 將直接在整流之後妨礙該燈的熄滅，此乃因陽極在整流之 前通常具有一足夠高的溫度，以便在整流之後可發出足夠 的電子。此方法的缺點是計算該模型之電極溫度時耗費 大。於是，不考慮該模型中的電極間距。 201031273 【發明內容】 本發明的目的是提供一種整合式氣體放電燈（5)之較佳 操作方法，其中一氣體放電燈點燃器（5 0)及該氣體放電燈 點燃器（50)用的操作電路整合在該燈中。 本發明另一目的是提供一較佳的整合式氣體放電燈，其 以上述方法來操作。 就整合式氣體放電燈而言，上述目的藉利用下述方法來 操作的整合式氣體放電燈達成。 就操作方法而言，上述目的以一種整合式氣體放電燈之 操作方法來達成，其中一氣體放電燈點燃器及其操作電路 整合在該燈中，該整合式氣體放電燈之操作頻率由低累積 式點燃期間之下限頻率開始經由該整合式氣體放電燈之點 燃器之點燃期間直至一累積式點燃期間之終端値（接近於 該點燃器之壽命）爲止將增高。由於該操作頻率之增高，因 此，該氣體放電燈點燃器之最小電極溫度亦增高，這又使 閃爍的機率大大地減低。 於第一實施形式中，當該操作頻率直至該氣體放電燈點 燃器（50)之額定壽命之大約10%至20%之累積式點燃期間 爲止都固定保持在下限頻率中，則在隨後之直至4 0 %-6 0 % 爲止的累積式點燃期間持續地以大約0.5 Hz/h(赫/小時）的 方式增高至第一上限頻率，然後保持在第一上限頻率中， 於是可確保最佳的電極溫度，此時不會發生閃爍。該操作 頻率較佳是至5 00小時之累積式點燃期間爲止都固定保持 201031273 在大約400赫，以便在500小時至1500小時之累積式點燃 期間連續地以0.5 Hz/h的方式上升至大約900赫，然後保 持在900赫中。 第二實施形式中，建議一種整合式氣體放電燈之操作方 法’包含以下各步驟。 1、 由第一累積式點燃期間開始使該操作頻率提高一預定 的第一頻率， 2、 等候一預定的時間， 3、 將該操作頻率提高一預定的第一頻率， 4、 步驟2和3重複進行η次。 以不連續的步驟將該操作頻率提高很多次，此方法即能 以數位電路來實現，這樣可節省成本且能以現代的電路配 置來進行。當第一累積式點燃期間是在該氣體放電燈點燃 器之額定壽命之10%和20%之間時，該預定的時間是1小 時至20小時，第一頻率是在1赫至50赫之間，且η=16至 256，此方法因此特別可靠。在一特別有效的實施形式中， 該操作頻率由2097 1 52秒之累積式點燃期間開始通常在經 過32768秒之後以每次4赫的方式上升128次至912赫之 終端値。這特別是可在數位式二進位電路中進行，此乃因 計數邏輯是由2的乘方構成。 在一特別簡易的實施形式中，該操作頻率由累積式第二 點燃期間開始在一步驟中由下限頻率上升至第一上限頻 率，這是本方法之一特別簡易且成本有利的變異形，其可 201031273 使閃爍傾向大大地下降。特別佳時該累積式第二點燃期間 是介於該氣體放電燈點燃器之額定壽命的5%和20%之間， 下限頻率是在100赫和500赫之間，第一上限頻率是在600 赫和900赫之間。以這些値，可在汽車頭燈用的氙高壓氣 體放電燈中達成最佳結果。當該操作頻率由1048576秒之 累積式點燃期間開始而在一步驟中由400赫的頻率提高至 800赫時，本方法亦可特別有效地藉由數位二進制電路來 雜 進行。 擊 在另一較佳實施形式中，一操作電路具有一偵測電路以 偵測該氣體放電燈點燃器之弧光的閃爍，且由該氣體放電 燈點燃器之額定壽命的大約16%之累積式點燃期間開始進 行以下各步驟： -由下限頻率開始以步進方式使氣體放電燈點燃器之操 作頻率提高至第一上限頻率， -在所選取的操作頻率中測量該氣體放電燈點燃器之弧 ❷ 光之閃爍強度， -儲存所測得之閃爍強度及相關的操作頻率， -將該操作頻率調整至閃爍強度最低時的頻率。 因此，在複雜的燈中亦可使閃爍受到良好的抑制。 在另一較佳的實施形式中，一操作電路具有一偵測電路 以偵測該氣體放電燈點燃器之弧光的閃爍’且由該氣體放 電燈點燃器之額定壽命的大約16%之累積式點燃期間開始 進行以下各步驟： 201031273 -由下限頻率開始以步進方式使氣體放電燈點燃器之操 作頻率提高至第二上限頻率’ -在所選取的操作頻率中測量該氣體放電燈點燃器之弧 光之閃燦強度， -只要該閃爍強度不超過一預定的門限（threshold)，則將 該操作頻率調整至一實際頻率且結束本方法。這是上述方 法之簡化版本，其同樣具有良好功能且能以較少記憶體之 較簡易電路來進行。第二上限頻率較佳是在600赫和900 赫之間。在另一實施形式中，在”未超過該閃爍強度之預定 的門限”已不成立下，第二上限頻率變成三倍。這同樣會防 止燈的閃爍，閃爍期間近似於燈的壽命期間。 本發明之整合式氣體放電燈之其它有利的形式和佈置及 其操作方法描述在說明書和申請專利範圍的其它附靥項 中〇 以下將依據各實施例和圖式來說明本發明之其它優點、 特徵和細節。 【實施方式】 各實施例中相同或作用相同的元件以相同的參考符號來 標示。 第1圖顯示第〜實施形式中本發明之整合式氣體放電燈 5之切面圖。以下，將氣體放電燈5稱爲整合式氣體放電 燈5’其已將點燃電路和操作電路整合在氣體放電燈5之 燈座中。氣體放電燈5向外因此未具有特殊之燈切面區而 201031273 是可直接連接至一般已擴展的能量供應電源。在一種用作 汽車頭燈之佈置中，該氣體放電燈5之切面區因此是汽車 機載（airborne)電源之傳統式12伏供電處。在用作汽車燈 之另一佈置中，該氣體放電燈5之切面區亦可以是現代汽 車-機載電源之未來的42伏供電處。然而，該整合式氣體 放電燈5亦可設計成連接至電動車之高壓機載電源，該電 動車具有例如48伏、96伏、120伏直至360伏之累加電壓。 φ 此外，該整合式氣體放電燈亦可設計成在供電缺乏時以電 池緩衝之低壓電源來操作。該燈同樣可用在低壓-隔離 (isolated)電源中，例如，可用在山中小屋中。目前，低壓-鹵素燈可用在傳統的低壓系統中，此處亦可使用傳統的低 壓系統。此種燈只有在可攜式的裝置（例如，手電筒）中才 顯示出優點，此乃因該燈和操作裝置之間不需電纜。由於 不需電纜，其它成本、電纜費用和錯誤源（source)亦不需 要。以下亦稱一種氣體放電燈爲整合式氣體放電燈5，其 β 整體上已整合以便操作該燈本身中所需的電路，使該燈可 直接連接至傳統電源。 燈點燃器50由金屬夾52固定著’金屬夾52安裝在4 個固定片53上。固定片53澆注在或噴鍍在燈座70中。燈 座70較佳是由塑料構成且由噴鍍澆注法或澆注法製成。爲 了改良電性上的屏蔽，該燈座70之塑料可具有導電性或塗 佈著金屬層。特別有利的是’燈座的金屬層位於外側’即’ 位於遠離該點燃-和操作電路910，920之一側上。除了金 201031273 屬層以外，亦可對金屬導體或金屬編織 成一種位於燈座70之壁中的導電膜。若 或塗佈金屬層的塑料，塑料燈座即須以-如，金屬）構成的導電外殼來包封著。此 之鐵或有色金屬，例如，鋁、鎂或黃銅。 爲〇-環）位於導電外殼72之點燃器側的 71將反射器密封。藉此種措施，可構成 φ 而不須將該燈完全安裝至一緊密的頭燈 頭燈外部，因此，位於燈座中的點燃-和 之冷卻可較傳統構造者大大地改良且更 該氣體放電燈5安裝在緊密的頭燈中， 的冷卻對流。上述緊密的頭燈中近似靜 謂熱阻塞，其會使該操作電路的溫度較 者大大地提高。先前的實施形式中該燈 此側上處於獨立室（例如，馬達室）中。 ® 燈座70終止於燈座板74之遠離該‘塔 上。燈座板74較佳是由導熱性或導電性 鋁或鎂）構成。爲了與該導電外殻72形 殼72在遠離該燈點燃器50之一側上 722’其在與該整合式氣體放電燈5組 上形成捲邊且因此而形成所需的連接。 技術，燈點燃器50、點燃電路910和操 離地互相連接至整合式氣體放電燈5。 物進行濺鍍，以形 未使用導電的塑料 -種由導電材料（例 金屬可以是抗腐蝕 一密封環71 (亦稱 終端上，該密封環 緊密的頭燈系統， 中。由於該燈位於 操作電路910，920 簡化，傳統構造中 其中只可進行微弱 止的空氣決定了所 先前之實施形式中 在遠離光發出面的 I點燃器5 0之一側 良好的材料（例如， 成電性連接，該外 須具有多個連接板 合時，於燈座板74 又，藉由此種連接 !作電路920可不分 這樣對機動車之製 -10- 201031273 電是能產例 放只功生 h 體時在的 P 氣裝且同 Η 和安少不胄 置在較之終 裝5本置就 作燈成裝。 操電使作化 由放性操小 於體雜該最 較氣複是可 相式的上險 ，合小致危 於整較大的 在該種 C 錯 點，此同弄 優統，不間 的系份式之 示統部方牛 顯傳一置fli 所的的佈 t 言成側但 } 而構護同本 造燈維相版 如，機動車的車主）而言，這樣所得到的優點在於，相對於 傳統技術，此種下降的複雜性使有缺陷的整合式氣體放電 燈之更換大大地簡化且更換速率更快，使偵錯過程簡化， 且進行燈的更換時只需較少的知識和能力。組件之間電纜 和插接器之省略又使成本下降，可靠性提高以及重量下降。 燈座板較佳是由鋁壓制件或鎂壓制件製成。這在機械上 和電性上都是成本有利的高價値的變異形。至少表面可導 電的燈座70或外殼72和同樣可導電之燈座板74之間的導 電良好的連接對良好的電磁屏蔽是需要的。此屏蔽可防止 相鄰電機模組或電子模組之干擾。又，此屏蔽可確保各模 組不會對該點燃-和操作電路9 1 0，920之功能造成不良影 響。燈座板74和燈座70之間配置一密封環73，其可確保 在燈座70和燈座板74之間形成防水和防空氣之連接。在 另一實施形式中，須形成燈座70和燈座板74，使此二構 件可互相扣合，且在扣合位置處在可導電的外殼72和燈座 板74之間同時存在一個或多個接觸點，以使電性屏蔽可良 好地保持著。又，在燈座和燈座板之間配置一密封環，其 可在遠離該氣體放電燈點燃器50之此側上確保該燈座之 -11- 201031273 密封性。在燈座70內部中設有二個面，其容納該點燃-和 操作電路。較小的第一面最靠近該燈點燃器5 0且容納具有 點燃變壓器80之點燃電路910。稍後將說明該點燃變壓器 8〇之構造。較大的第二面容納該氣體放電燈點燃器50操 作時所需的操作電路920。該點燃-和操作電路能移至每一 適當形式的電路板上。傳統的電路板、金屬核心電路板、 以LTCC技術製成的電路板、以薄層技成製成的氧化·或塗 層的金屬板、以MID或MID熱壓制技術或其它可能的技術 製成的塑料電路板都適合用來製造耐溫的電路板。電子組 件和形成該點燃-和操作電路之構件可分別位於二個電路 板之上側和下側上以及內部中。第1圖中爲了清楚之故在 變壓器80外部未顯示其它的電子組件或構件。只要該點燃 電路910之電路板和該操作電路920之電路板由相同材料 所構成，各電路板即能以相同效益來製成。電路板之間可 設有電橋，其在被劃分和安裝至燈座70中時作爲電路板之 間的電性連接件。例如，單條線，帶狀導線或固定式/可撓 性電路可用作電橋。因此，須形成二個電路板之間的電性 連接，以便於熱膨脹（特別是熱循環應力）時，在該點燃-和 操作電路之二個電路板間所造成的距離變化可未受損地被 克服。於是，在外殼內可設有足夠長度和空間的導線。或 是，亦可使用一個或多個銷（pin)-和軸襯條，其被測量且配 置成在該二個電路板之氣體放電燈點燃器之縱軸方向中允 許熱膨脹且在全部情況下可確保一種電性連接。於是，該 -12- 201031273 銷條之銷例如垂直於各別之電路板表面而配置，且須 該軸襯之導入長度，使該軸襯可爲各銷所用的路徑可 軸襯內部中由於熱膨脹時所需的路徑還長。 該點燃電路910用之電路板在面向該操作電路之一 具有可導電之屏蔽面，以使該點燃電路中由於髙電壓 成的干擾儘可能遠離該操作電路。在金屬電路板或金 心電路板中，該屏蔽面本來就已存在，其它電路板中 φ 是在該側上安裝一銅面或類似物。若使用金屬核心 板，則藉此亦可使該點燃變壓器80冷卻，其由於靠近 體放電燈點燃器50而受到特別高的熱負載。該點燃 910和該操作電路920間的可導電屏蔽面另外亦可藉 屬片作成，該金屬片安裝在該二個電路板之間且可導 與可導電的外殻72相連接。若該屏蔽面亦用來使該點 壓器80冷卻，有利的即係該金靥片例如可藉導熱箔或 糊而熱性良好地接合至該可導電的外殼72。 ® 該操作電路920用之電路板夾在燈座70和燈座板 間。該操作電路920用之電路板在其周圍分別在上側 側上具有環形接地導電軌（所謂接地環），其由於接觸 可導電地互相連接。各接觸孔通常稱爲通孔且是經由 板而延伸的接觸孔。接地環藉由燈座7 0和燈座板7 4 的夾緊作用而形成一種至燈座板74之電性接觸區，這 確保藉捲邊之連接板722來使該操作電路920與可導 外殼72形成接地連接。 測量 較該 側上 所造 屬核 較佳 電路 該氣 電路 由金 電地 燃變 導熱 74之 和下 孔而 電路 之間 樣可 電的 -13- 201031273 第2圖顯示第一實施形式中之整合式氣體放電燈5之機 械構件的分解圖。燈座爲正方形，但在原理上該燈座亦可 具有多種其它適當的形式。特別有利的其它形式是圓形、 六角形、八角形或矩形。爲了確定此形式的外形，須經由 包含電路之外殼部以垂直於氣體放電燈點燃器50之縱軸 來進行切割且觀看所形成的外形，此時外殼邊緣上的圓形 可忽略。因此，在第1圖和第2圖所示之第一實施形式中， I 依據所選取的切面是否更靠近該點燃電路910或更靠近該 霸 操作電路920而形成二個正方形。第一實施形式因此是一 與正方形有關的實施形式。在該點燃電路910附近所形成 的第一外形小於第二外形，這與該點燃電路910之電路板 之尺寸小於該操作電路板920之尺寸有關。然而，情況未 必如此，且該二個外形中的實施形式具有相同的等級，因 此只顯示唯一的外形。又，外形之二種幾何形式在不同區 域中不必相同。特別是在該點燃電路之區域中一小的圓形 ® 外形和該操作電路之區域中一大的六角形外形顯示成特別 有利的實施形式。 如上所述，該操作電路920用的電路板夾在燈座70和燈 座板74之間。密封環73就像該操作電路920用的電路板 一樣位於燈座70和燈座板74之間且配置在該操作電路920 用的電路板外部。 第3圖顯示第二實施形式中本發明之整合式氣體放電燈 5之切面圖。第二實施形式類似於第一實施形式，因此只 -14- 201031273 描述與第一實施形式之不同點。第二實施形式中，該點燃 電路910和該操作電路920在一共同平面中配置在一電路 板上而成爲總操作電路93 0。藉由此種措施，本發明之氣 體放電燈5之燈座可較平坦地形成，這樣亦可使一使用氣 體放電燈5之頭燈顯示出較小的深度。該點燃變壓器8 0位 於該氣體放電燈點燃器50下方的中央。該點燃變壓器80 之中央點較佳是位於該氣體放電燈點燃器50之縱軸中。靠 近燈座之氣體放電燈點燃器電極用的電流導線向內伸入至 該點燃變壓器之中央部。該點燃變壓器未安裝在電路板上 而是使其遠離該氣體放電燈點燃器之末端座落於大約與電 路板之遠離該氣體放電燈點燃器之此側相同的高度處。總 操作電路93 0之電路板在此位置上空出，使該點燃變壓器 80可插入至該總操作電路93 0之電路板中。爲了使電磁相 容性獲得改良，該外殼可藉鋁或鉬金屬構成的條片而設有 多個壁和室，且因此使不同的電路組件互相之間-以及對環 境都可達成電性-、磁性-和電磁屏蔽。此屏蔽亦可藉由其 它措施來達成，特別是可於濺鍍澆注過程中，在燈座板74 中以及燈座70內形成空腔而容易達成。 該整合式氣體放電燈5之外殼內部所保存的中空區（特 別是該點燃變壓器80之周圍和該總操作電路930之二側上） 中以澆注物質來塡入。這樣具有多種優點，因此可防止電 性飛弧’特別是由該點燃變壓器所產生之高壓所造成的飛 弧，且確保各電路可良好地排熱，以及可形成機械功能很 -15- 201031273 強的單元，其可良好地抵抗特殊的環境（例如’濕氣和高的 加速度）的影響。特別是爲了使重量下降，亦可只有一部份 被澆注，例如，只在該點燃變壓器8 0之區域中進行湊注。 第8圖是第三實&形式中本發明之整合式氣體放電燈5 之切面圖。第三實施形式類似於第一實施形式’因此只描 述與第一實施形式之不同點。第三實施形式中，該燈座板 74在外側上設有冷卻肋。該燈座70和該可導電的外殻72 亦可分別設有冷卻肋。此外，該操作電路920之電路板之 功能同樣藉燈座板來達成，此乃因燈座板在其內側上具有 不導電的區域，例如由陽極氧化的鋁所構成的區域’其設 有可導電的結構（例如，以厚層技術製成的導電軌）且可導 電地例如藉由焊接而與總操作電路之組件相連接。藉由此 種措施，可特別良好地使該操作電路920冷卻’此乃因其 直接安裝在一冷卻體上。較佳是形成各冷卻肋，以便在該 整合式氣體放電燈5之組裝位置中促成自然的對流。若該 整合式氣體放電燈5應在不同的組裝位置中操作，冷卻用 的表面即亦可對應地形成且例如由圓形、六角形正方形或 矩形的指狀物來構成，以便可在多個空間方向中進行一種 自然的對流。就像第一實施形式一樣，該點燃電路910在 其上方之電路板上尋找空間且藉由適當的措施而與該操作 電路920形成電性連接。這可藉由彈簧接觸或插頭接觸來 實現，但亦可藉由燈座中延伸之導電軌或鑄造在燈座內側 上的導電軌來實現，各導電軌是與該點燃電路910和該操 -16- 201031273 作電路920相連接。 第9圖是第四實施形式中本發明之整合式氣體放電燈5 之透視圖。第四實施形式類似於第二實施形式，因此只描 述與第二實施形式之不同點。第四實施形式中，燈座板74 藉由一在內側上且因此如同前述實施例一樣在單側上戶斤@ 置的金屬核心電路板來實現。然而，燈座板74不是像第4 圖一樣的板而是一種燈座杯，其具有高拉伸的側壁。以τ， 0 爲了清楚之故，該燈座板亦稱爲燈座杯。該燈座杯同樣由 導熱良好的材料所構成。特別適當的材料是金屬合金，其 例如可藉由深沖而良好地變形。同樣很適當的材料是導熱 良好的塑料，其可藉由噴鍍澆注而引進至一模中。具有參 考環702和參考節703之燈座70在本實施形式中由六角形 的板構成，該參考環內部中的點燃器在燈座70上校準且固 定著。燈座杯容納該總操作電路93 0，其在特定的電路板 上或在該燈座杯的內底部上尋求空間。插頭接觸區安裝在 〇 該氣體放電燈點燃器50之電流導線56和57上且在構成該 燈座杯和該燈座70時接合至該燈座杯之對應的對立接觸 區中而形成可靠的接觸。 若該燈座杯和燈座7 0由金屬構成，則此二組件可藉由像 咖啡盒或罐頭那樣的捲邊而相連接。然而，如第9圖所示’ 亦可只使燈座杯之多個連接板在燈座上形成捲邊，以產生 機械上和電性上的良好連接。然而，爲了形成連接，亦可 使用習知的焊接和熔接方法。 -17- 201031273 若燈座杯和燈座70由塑料構成，該連接較佳即是由超音 波熔接來達成。這樣可達成可靠和固定的連接，其在塑料 可導電時亦可達成可導電的連接。然而，此連接亦可藉由 適當的扣接來達成，此時須在燈座杯或燈座70上設有適當 的扣接鼻或凹口。 以下，就該整合式氣體放電燈5之直徑（D)和高度（h)在 廣泛地與幾何形狀無關下予以定義，以便在較簡單之描述 中採用。所謂整合式氣體放電燈之高度（h)是指，參考面（以 下將再詳述）至該燈座板（74)之遠離該點燃器之外側之最大 距離。所謂直徑（D)是指該整合式氣體放電燈內部中位於任 意平面中之最長路徑，其中該平面平行於該參考面而延伸。 以下的表顯示氣體放電燈5之第9圖中所示之第四實施 形式之不同形式的數個幾何數據：__ 直徑 長度或高度 體積 質量 D/h A.50 瓦-燈 1〇〇 35 275 510 2.86 B.35 瓦-燈 1〇〇 25 196 178 4.00 C.25瓦-燈，標準變形70 25 99 139 2.80 D.18瓦-燈，超平面變形100 15 120 168 6.67 E.45瓦-燈，咖啡盒變形40 50 63 52 0.80 F.7瓦-燈，用在手電筒40 35 44 36 1.14 表中所示的不同形式之電功率7瓦至50瓦是與氣體放電 燈點燃器之標準化的電功率有關。於此，使用構造相同之 氣體放電燈點燃器之不同幾何形式和數據。 -18- 201031273 由第4圖可知，第二和第四實施形式中該整合 電燈5之燈座具有六角形的形式，這樣具有多種 方面是該整合式氣體放電燈5可良好地接合，以 定位置上。另一方面’可使用該整合式總操作電 電路板’以產生較小的（裁剪後的）零頭料且因此 的成本效率。藉由燈座之平面式佈置，可形成構 之頭燈’這特別是在現代的機動車中是有利的。 φ 六邊形的形式在此應用中享有圓形形式的全部優 有圓形形式的缺點。 如第3圖和第4圖所示，在該燈之燈座7 0之一 接觸區210、220在徑向中朝向該氣體放電燈點烧 縱軸而由燈座向外突出。各接觸區用來使該整合 電燈5與頭燈形成電性接觸。各接觸區在製造該'1 以塑料-濺鍍澆注-方法來灑鍍而成。這樣所具 是，不需特殊的插頭系統，但仍可確保如上所述 ® 和氣密性的包封。 第5圖顯示頭3/整合式氣體放電燈5之間之介 圖。第二實施形式中該氣體放電燈5具有特殊 面，藉此可將電功率供應至該氣體放電燈5。須 性介面，以便在將該氣體放電燈5插入至頭燈3 體放電燈5不只在機械上可與頭燈3相連接且電 相連接。類似此種構造的介面亦可用在現今汽車 素白熾燈中且由公司Osram以品名”Snap Lite”來 式氣體放 優點。一 插入至特 路930之 可有較佳 造上很短 點對稱的 點但未具 -側上，各 我器50之 式氣體放 I座70時 有的優點 的防水性 面的示意 之電性介 形成此電 中時該氣 性上亦可 頭燈之鹵 銷售。若 -19- 201031273 該整合式氣體放電燈5插入至反射器或頭燈中，則在插入 過程中依規則而操作時所需之機械上和電性上的全部接觸 區都須與頭燈中現有的對立接觸區相連接。燈座70在其至 頭燈3之介面上具有由一參考環702突出的節703，其定 義一參考面。細部圖顯示在第7圖中。三個節在該整合式 氣體放電燈5插入時定位在頭燈3之對應的對立件上。該 氣體放電燈點燃器50之電極或放電弧在該整合式氣體放 φ 電燈5之製程中針對該參考面來調整。於是，該整合式氣 體放電燈5之弧光在該燈5插入至頭燈中時在反射器中佔 有一確定的位置，其可造成準確的光學成像作用。第3圖 和第4圖之第二實施形式中，“插入至頭燈”是藉由使由該 參考環中成橫向突出的連接板704經由該頭燈3之反射器 之底部而插通來達成。然後，使該整合式氣體放電燈5相 對於該反射器33旋轉，該節703(其安裝在連接板704之燈 座側的面上）隨後將該整合式氣體放電燈5向內拉且在旋轉 ® 結束時扣接至反射器基底上之參考面中。該密封環71因此 被壓緊且在應力下使系統停止，以使該節703針對反射器 基底中存在的參考面而受到壓力。於是，可準確地針對反 射器33來調整該整合式氣體放電燈5和氣體放電燈點燃器 50之放電弧之位置且將此位置固定。在上述頭燈介面之全 部三個空間方向中較0_1 mm更佳之機械上的定位之高的 重複準確性可實現一種光學上優異之頭燈系統。於此種頭 燈系統在適當的形式中顯示出顯著而完美之確定的亮_暗_ -20- 201031273 邊界之後，此種頭燈系統特別是可用在機動車中。 適當的頭燈3因此具有反射器33形式之光轉向元件、整 合式氣體放電燈5用的容納區、以及載體部35，其中在該 載體部上配置一終端元件，其設有該整合式氣體放電燈5 之電性接觸區210，220，230，240所需之對立接觸區。該 整合式氣體放電燈5之電性接觸區210，220，230，240在 徑向中朝向該氣體放電燈點燃器50之縱軸而由燈座70中 突出。各接觸區用來將電能供應至總操作電路93 0。在以 安裝過程而將該整合式氣體放電燈5安裝在頭燈中之後， 將各接觸區210，220，230，240配置在該終端元件35之 狹縫351，352中，如第6圖所示，其中該安裝過程與向右 -旋轉移動之後所進行的插塞式移動有關。該些狹縫351， 352是指該整合式氣體放電燈5之各接觸區210, 220, 230, 240之對立接觸區3 5 0所需的狹縫》先前技術中用來與頭 燈中之該整合式氣體放電燈5接觸而設有連接電纜之插頭 因此可省略。該整合式氣體放電燈5之電性接觸區在插入 至頭燈中時特別是可直接與載體部35上之終端元件之對 立接觸區350相接觸。電性終端之機械負載藉由可自由擺 動之電纜而下降。此外，每個頭燈中所需的連接電纜之數 目可下降且製程中弄錯的危險性亦可下降。又，上述措施 在頭燈的製程中亦可達成較高的自動化程度，此乃因所需 安裝的電纜較少。先前技術中，頭燈中全部之光源藉一種 插接在燈座上且設有連接電纜之插頭來供應能量。然而， -21- 201031273 本發明的頭燈中使該頭燈之現有的供電接觸區連接至機載 式電源電壓，這樣即足以將能量供應至該整合式氣體放電 燈5。藉由頭燈之供電接觸區來對該頭燈中的燈供電，這 是藉由頭燈中的電纜來達成。頭燈3或整合式氣體放電燈 5之電纜因此可大大地簡化。 機械調整之另一種形式顯示在第1圖和第2圖中該燈之 第一實施形式中。此處，多個節7〇3配置在該參考環702 ^ 之面向該氣體放電燈點燃器50之此側上<此形式中，節 攀 703位於反射器之背面上之對應的對立面上，以針對該反 射器33來定義該整合式氣體放電燈5之位置。該整合式氣 體放電燈5由後方按壓在該反射器33之參考面上。然而， 此種形式的缺點是，光學有效之反射器內側和反射器之背 面上的參考面之間的位置之容許度（tolerance)須很準確， 以達成準確的光學成像作用。 第二實施形式之頭燈介面之系統同樣適合用來在現代的 ® 汽車系統中實現更簡化的電纜連接。因此，該整合式氣體 放電燈5除了二個電性接觸區210、22 0以外另有接觸區 23 0、240，藉此可與機動車之機載電路相連通。該終端元 件35具有二個狹縫351、352，其分別具有對立接觸區。 在另一未顯示之實施形式中，在該燈上只存在三個電性接 觸區，其中二個用來供應該燈的電功率，且一電路-輸入端 亦稱爲遠端-致能-接腳，藉此接腳，使該燈藉由機動車之 機載電路而可幾乎不需功率地接通或關閉。 -22- 201031273 ± $ %nap Lite”-介面除了不需更換電性終端此優點以 外’另有以下的優點： 胃'燈只有當其位於頭燈中的特定位置時才被供應功 率’因此’該氣體放電燈點燃器5〇之遠離該燈座之電流導 線57只有當該整合式氣體放電燈5安全地由外部來操作時 才·被接觸•具:有此種高壓放電燈之環境中的安全性因此大 大地提高。藉由將該整合式氣體放電燈5簡易地安裝至頭 φ 燈3中’終端客戶可置換該燈。於是，該終端客戶之整合 式氣體放電燈5在成本上較有利，此乃因更換該燈時不必 尋找工作室。 又，將該整合式氣體放電燈5插入至反射器33中，藉此 可使該燈與頭燈外殼形成接地連接。這例如可藉由固定在 該反射器33上且與該機動車之接地電位相連接的彈簧條 片來實現。在將該燈插入至頭燈中時，彈簧條片將與該整 合式氣體放電燈5之可導電的外殼表面相接觸且在機動車 • 接地處和該整合式氣體放電燈5之內部接地處或接地罩之 間形成電性連接。該接觸例如可在該外殻72之側壁上或正 面側上達成。於目前情況下，藉可導電的密封環71來達成 接地連接。若該外榖表面不能導電或不能完全導電，彈簧 條片即在該整合式氣體放電燈之外殻表面上之接觸面上達 成接觸作用。該接觸面可形成一種至該整合式氣體放電燈 之內部接地處或接地罩之可導電的連接。 具有一種至頭燈之傳統介面的第五實施形式顯示在第 -23- 201031273 31圖中。此處，該整合式氣體放電燈5及參考面702藉一 在頭燈容納區之對應的對立面上的固定夾705按壓。該整 合式氣體放電燈5以傳統方式而與頭燈形成電性連接。固 定護圈70 5用來使該整合式氣體放電燈5與頭燈中的容納 區上之參考面702良好地連接著，且因此準確地設定該頭 燈之光學系統中電極的方位。該整合式氣體放電燈5之點 燃器50之電極504在該整合式氣體放電燈5之製程中須針 對該參考面702來調整。該整合式氣體放電燈5之弧光在 反射器33中佔有一確定的位置，其可達成準確的光學成像 作用。藉由該固定夾705之彈簧作用，在複雜的條件（例如， 機動車之頭燈中會發生的振動）下亦可確保該成像作用。該 固定夾在頭燈側鉤掛至一導槽7051中，該固定夾固定於該 導槽中，但在燈的更換時可輕易地由該導槽中取出。該固 定夾705在底側以二個隆起705 3接合至燈座板74中。然 而，該固定夾705亦可不具備隆起且因此定位在燈座板之 肋條上。藉本發明之氣體放電燈5之第五實施形式，可對 該頭燈達成一種簡易且成本有利的接合作用，其對頭燈之 光學系統中的定位準確性而言絕不會造成限制。 點燃變壓器 以下，將詳述該整合式氣體放電燈5之點燃變壓器之構 造。第10圖顯示第一實施形式之點燃變壓器80之透視圖， 其中該點燃變壓器80具有正方形之平面形式。然而，其它 實施形式亦是可能的，其中該點燃變壓器80可具有圓形、 -24- 201031273 六角形、八角形或其它適當的形式。以下將再詳述其它實 施形式。所謂形式在此處是指該點燃變壓器之棱柱形的外 部尺寸之基面的形式，其中各邊緣上的圓形可忽略。於此 處所示之特別有利的實施形式中’該棱鏡具有小的高度， 其特別是小於形成該基面之幾何形式之對角線或直徑之 1/3 ° 該點燃變壓器80具有鐵素體（F err it)核心81，其由第一 • 鐵素體核心半部811和相同的第二鐵素體核心半部812所 組成。該點燃變壓器80在側面具有多個朝向外部之連接板 868，869，其用來使該點燃變壓器80達成機械上的固定作 用。 第1 1圖顯示該點燃變壓器之上部之透視圖’其中主繞組 和第二鐵素體核心半部812不能被看見。第一鐵素體核心 半部811是由正方形的側壁組成’半個圓柱8110在中央向 內而由側壁突出。正方形的側壁8 1 1 2之內側在面向繞組的 © —側上具有由外向內延伸的長形凹口 81121。該點燃變壓 器80在完成高壓的絕緣之後被帶領至浸漬漆或澆注物質 中。藉這些凹口，浸漬漆或澆注物質可由外向內而侵入至 該點燃變壓器80中，以均勻地使該點燃變壓器80之全部 繞組沾濕。 在該二個鐵素體核心半部811，812之間的外邊緣上有一 主繞組86，其由一片帶所形成的沖製彎曲部所構成。該片 帶較佳是由有色金屬（例如’銅、黃銅或青銅）所製成。該 -25- 201031273 片帶較佳是具有彈性而可變形。主繞組86基本上是一種長 帶，其在該二個鐵素體核心半部811 ’ 812之間的外部延 伸。主繞組8 6在第一種形式中只以一繞組’經由該點燃變 壓器80之3個角而延伸，第四角是敞開的。該主繞組86 之片帶因此是一種圍繞該點燃變壓器之外形的一種四分之 三繞組，且有一小配件分別終止於第四角之前。該主繞組 86之片帶具有上述連接板866’ 867’ 868和869，其安裝 在該片帶之橫向中°此四個連接板用來使該點燃變壓器80 達成機械上的固定，其因此可焊接在該點燃電路910之電 路板上而成爲平坦的SMD-連接板或焊接旗。然而，各連接 板亦可另具有90度-彎曲，其中各連接板經由該點燃電路 910之電路板而插接著且在另一側上旋轉或焊接著，如第 12圖所示。主繞組86之片帶之二個末端以一種半徑而向 外彎曲成大約180度，使各末端又由第四角指向外部。第 12圖中該二個末端向外彎曲成大約90度且半徑以8 62 0或 8 640來表示。在該片帶之外端上分別安裝一橫向突出的連 接板862，864，其作爲電性接觸用。第12圖中顯示該二 個連接板862，864之另一實施形式。藉由二個半徑8620 或8 640之180度活動範圍所形成的軟性片帶區，則主繞組 和電路板之間的連接中藉由溫度變動所形成的應力可被吸 收。各連接板較佳是像SMD-組件一樣焊接在該點燃電路 910之電路板上。藉由上述片帶之180度彎曲，焊接位置 未負載著上述機械應力，且使焊接位置之斷裂-和疲勞之危 -26- 201031273 險性大大地下降。連接板862，864之另一實施形式在連接 板本身中具有另外的270°半徑，其在組裝的狀態下可進一 步使機械應力下降。 在鐵素體核心之中空圓柱形內部之中央安裝一接觸體 85，其在該氣體放電燈點燃器50和二次繞組87(未顯示） 之間形成電性接觸。該接觸體87由弧形的片部所構成，該 片部是與該氣體放電燈點燃器50之靠近燈座之電流導線 56相連接。該接觸體85在其遠離該點燃器之末端上具有 二個頂蓋面以與高壓放電燈電極相接觸。該接觸體85較佳 是在遠離該點燃器之末端之二個相面對的側面上具有二個 頂蓋面851和8 52，其互相傾斜成鞍形屋頂形式，且該接 觸體85形成在該二個頂蓋面相接觸的末端上，使高壓氣體 放電燈點燃器50之電流導線56被集中夾緊。於此，該二 個頂蓋面851和852在該二個頂蓋面相接觸的末端上，設 有一種V-形的輪廓（contour)。然而，此輪廓同樣是圓形或 以其它適當的方式來加工。在安裝時，電流導線56經由該 接觸體85而插接著’且到達一預定的狀態，然後較佳是藉 由雷射而與該接觸體85相焊接著。 第12圖顯示該點燃變壓器之下部的透視圖。第12圖亦 顯示第二鐵素體核心半部812，其與第一鐵素體核心半部 811的形式相同，且亦由正方形的側壁8122構成，半個中 空圓柱8120在中央向內而由該側壁8122突出。正方形的 側壁8122之內側具有由外向內延伸的長形的凹口 81 221。 -27- 201031273 第12圖中可看出該接觸體85之靠近該點燃器之一側，其 具有六角形的敞開形式及貫通的電流導線56。若該二個半 部相組合，即可在內部形成中空圓柱’其中安裝著該接觸 體。該鐵素體核心81在組合之後具有陶土帶-或薄膜捲軸 之形式，且外形不是圓形而是具有圓形化的角隅之正方形。 在第一角隅上，該點燃變壓器具有第一背鐵（back iron)-鐵素體81 4。第二和第三角隅同樣設有第二背鐵-鐵素體815 美 和第三背鐵-鐵素體816。此三個背鐵-鐵素體由主繞組86 固定著。於此，該主繞組86之片帶在三個角隅上具有朝向 內部之圓柱形的圓形件861，863和865，其中夾著背鐵-鐵素體814至816。該三個背鐵-鐵素體814至816在生產 時藉由彈性可變形的材料而可靠地保持在其位置上。背鐵-鐵素體是該點燃變壓器80之磁性背鐵，藉此使磁場線保持 在磁鐵材料中，且在該點燃變壓器外部不會造成干擾。這 樣又可使該點燃變壓器之效率提高，特別是可達成的點燃 〇 電壓之大小提高很多。 第13圖是該點燃變壓器80之下部之透視圖，具有可見 的二次繞組87’其設置於該點燃變壓器80之第二鐵素體 核心半部812中。該二次繞組87由一絕緣金屬帶構成，該 金屬帶就像一具有預定繞組數的膜一樣捲繞在薄膜捲軸形 式的鐵素體核心上，其中導引高壓用的末端位於內部、貫 通該薄膜捲軸形式的鐵素體核心且與該接觸體85形成電 性連接。絕緣層可在所有側面施加在金屬帶上，但絕緣層 -28- 201031273 亦可由絕緣箔來構成，該絕緣箔與金屬帶一起捲 緣箔較佳是比該金屬帶還寬，以確保足夠的絕緣 屬箱因此須以絕緣箔來捲繞，使其位於該絕緣箔 於是，在捲繞體中形成一螺旋形的間隙，其浸漬 後以浸漬漆或澆注物質來塡入且因此可使二次繞 成極佳的絕緣。 二次繞組87在其用來導引高壓的內部末端871 觸體85相連接。二次繞組87之用來導引低壓之 8：72與主繞組86相連接。該些連接可藉由焊接、 它適當的連接方式來形成。本實施形式中，該些 射熔接來達成。每一末端較佳是施加二個熔接點 個部份可靠地相互電性連接。二次繞組87之內音 經由鐵素體核心81之二個中空圓柱半部8110， 其所夾住。二次繞組8 7之外部末端8 7 2因此須 86之末端相連接，使該二次繞組87之捲繞方向 86之綣繞方向相反。然而，依據需求，該二次箱 外部末端亦.可與主繞組86之外部末端相連接，使 二次繞組之綣繞方向相同。 以下，在廣泛地與鐵素體核心之幾何形式無關 於鐵素體之尺寸來定義該整合式氣體放電燈5中 點燃變壓器80之直徑和高度，以進行簡單的描劲 燃變壓器的高度是指二個側壁之各別遠離繞組之 面之間的距離，其接近於一側壁之二倍厚度和繞 繞著。絕 距離。金 的中央。 或湊注之 組 8 7達 處與該接 外部末端 熔接或其 連接以雷 ，其將二 β末端871 8120且由 與主繞組 與主繞組 i組8 7之 .主繞組和 I下，以基 已安裝的 ^。所謂點 二個外表 組寬度所 -29- 201031273 形成之和（sum)。所謂點燃變壓器80之直徑在與側壁的形 式無關下是指二個側壁之一的內部中的最長路徑|其中此 路徑位於任意的平面中，該平面平行於各別的側壁之外表 面而延伸。 在一特別有利的形式中，該點燃變壓器之鐵素體核心具 有8毫米的高度和26毫米之直徑。各側壁具有26毫米的 直徑和2毫米的厚度，且中央核心具有11.5毫米之直徑而 φ 高度爲6毫米。二次繞組由42個Kapton箔繞組所構成， 箔寬度爲5.5毫米且厚度爲55微米。箔上施加一種集中在 縱向之4毫米寬且35微米厚之銅層。在另一特別有利的形 式中，二次繞組由二個隔開之重疊之箔捲繞而成，其中使 用75微米厚的銅箔和50微米厚的Kapton箔。此二種形式 中，二次繞組可導電地與包含一繞組之主繞組相連接。該 主繞組以一種包含8 00伏之火花間隙之脈衝產生單元來控 制。 ® 第14圖是第二實施形式中該點燃變壓器80之分解圖。 由於點燃變壓器8〇之第二實施形式類似於第一實施形 式，因此，以下只描述與第一實施形式的不同處。第二實 施形式的點燃變壓器80具有圓形的形式，類似於薄膜捲軸 中的形式。藉由圓形的形式，不需背鐵-鐵素體814至816， 且主繞組86具有較簡單的形式。用來對變壓器作機械固定 用的橫向突出的連接板在此處是以SMD-連接板來構成，其 具有270度的彎曲，以保護各焊接位置，使之不會受到大 -30- 201031273 的機械應力。電性接觸用的二個連接板862，864以相同的 方式構成且在徑向中配置在該點燃變壓器80之周圍。第二 實施例之鐵素體核心82以三部份構成且具有中空圓柱形 的中央核心821，其在二個末端上由圓形板822來封閉。 圓形板822位於中空圓柱821之中央，因此形成上述之薄 膜捲軸形式。該中空圓柱具有狹縫823 (圖中不能看見），以 便經由二次繞組的內部而至該中空圓柱之內部。 第15圖是第二實施形式中該點燃變壓器80之切面圖。 此處，該鐵素體81之構造可良好地拉伸。此圖中亦可辨認 出狹縫823，藉此可貫通該二次繞組87之內部末端。 第16圖是第三實施形式中該點燃變壓器之分解圖，其顯 示出二繞組式之主繞組。由於第三實施形式很類似於第二 實施形式，以下只描述與第二實施形式之不同處。第三實 施形式中，該點燃變壓器80之主繞組具有二個繞組。主繞 組86之金屬帶因此幾乎圍繞該點燃變壓器二次。在二個末 端上又安裝著連接板以對該點燃變壓器80形成電性接 觸，各連接板以SMD-形式來形成。本實施形式中用來使該 點燃變壓器80達成機械固定之連接板已不需要。該點燃變 壓器80因此須另外以機械方式來固定。這例如可藉由將該 點燃變壓器80夾緊來達成，如第3圖所示。該點燃變壓器 80夾緊在燈座70和燈座板74之間。燈座板74因此具有 燈座板圓頂741，其是燈座板上的突起且在安裝狀態下壓 抑著該點燃變壓器80。此種構造之優點是使該點燃變壓器 -31- 201031273 80可良好地排熱。該點燃變壓器80在操作時變成很熱， 此乃因其很靠近該整合式氣體放電燈5之氣體放電燈點燃 器50。藉由導熱良好的燈座板74，由氣體放電燈點燃器 50進入至該點燃變壓器80之熱之一部份又被排出而使該 點燃變壓器80有效地冷卻。 第17圖是第三實施形式中該點燃變壓器80之切面圖，其 顯示出二繞組式之主繞組。此切面圖良好地顯示鐵素體核心 φ 82之核心構造。鐵素體核心82就像第二實施形式一樣是 由三個部份構成，即，由一個中央核心824和二個板825, 826構成。中央核心824同樣是中空圓柱狀且在一末端上 具有一配件827，其抓握在第一板825之圓形區段中且將 第一板固定在中央核心824上。第二板826同樣具有圓形 區段，其內直徑等於該中央核心824之外直徑。第二板在 安裝該二次繞組和主繞組之後插塞在該中央核心上且因此 固定著。對該第二板進行插塞，直至其位於二次繞組上爲 ® 止，以便在該點燃變壓器80中達成儘可能充足的磁通量。 不對稱的點燃脈波 以下，對該整合式氣體放電燈5之點燃器之操作方式進 行說明。 第18a圖是先前技術中不對稱之脈衝點燃·器之連接圖。 在不對稱的點燃器中，該點燃變壓器TIP連接至該氣體放 電燈點燃器50(此處以等效電路圖來表示）之導線之一。這 樣可造成一種點燃脈波，其只在一”方向”中由接地參考電 -32- 201031273 位產生一種電壓，其中該接地參考電位在大部份情況下都 與該氣體放電燈點燃器之另一導線相連接；於是，產生一 種對該接地參考電位爲正的電壓脈波或產生一種對該接地 參考電位爲負的電壓脈波。不對稱之脈波點燃器之作用方 式亦已爲人所知，此處不再說明。不對稱的電壓適用於單 側有燈座的燈，此乃因點燃電壓只施加至該氣體放電燈點 燃器之二個電極之一。於是，通常選取靠近燈座的電極， Φ 此乃因其不可被接觸且因此在不當的使用中對人類不會形 成危險的電位。在通常敞開的返回（re turn)導體上未施加對 人類有危險性的電壓，因此，以不對稱的點燃器來操作的 燈可確保某種程度的安全性。然而，不對稱的點燃器具有 以下缺點：使完整的點燃電壓施加至氣體放電燈的電極。 因此，由電暈放電及其它與高壓有關的效應所造成的損耗 將增加。這表示：所產生的點燃電壓中只有一部份可有效 地施加至該氣體放電燈點燃器50»於是，需要時應產生高 ® 的點燃電壓，這樣較費力且昂貴。 第18b圖是先前技術中對稱之脈衝點燃器之連接圖。對 稱的脈波點燃器具有點燃變壓器TIP，其二個二次繞組一起 與主繞組形成磁性耦合。須對此二個二次繞組進行定向， 使二個二次繞組所產生的電壓在該燈上相加。於是，此電 壓在氣體放電燈之二個電極上劃分成大約一半。 如上所述’由電暈放電和其它寄生效應所造成的損耗因 此會下降。在對稱之脈衝點燃中造成較高的點燃電壓之原 -33- 201031273 因只有在更詳細地考慮寄生電容時才會清楚。 第18b圖中該氣體放電燈點燃器50之燈等效電 生電容CLa之較大成份甚至最大成份不是由燈 而是由燈和點燃單元之間的連接所造成，例如 所造成。然而，寄生電容不只包括導體至導體之 而且亦包括導體和環境之間的寄生電容。若簡 式能量儲存器之描述開始，則二個導體之間或 φ 的二個電極之間的寄生電容可組合成CLa,2，如 示。存在於導體和環境之間的寄生電容藉由Ct 來模型化。以下，環境（例如，外殼）之電位在 定値且由接地符號來表示，當這不必與低壓電 的PE或PEN —致時亦如此。又，應由對稱的 因此由= 開始。燈的寄生電容依據擴 路而成爲 CLa,2+l/2 CLa,l。 在考慮到轉換器和點燃單元相對於環境都具 ® 時，不對稱的脈衝點燃和對稱的脈衝點燃間的 很明顯。這有一部份是故意提高（例如，電源想 常較上述所考慮到的燈相對於環境之寄生電容 因此在考慮處於環境電位處的電路之點燃時可 始。於忽略電壓UW時，在不對稱點燃的情況~ CLa，2充電至點燃電壓。反之，在對稱點燃的情 充電至點燃電壓且CLa>1和CLa,3分別充電至點 半處。在假設一種對稱的構造下，即， 於是，考慮 路。燈的寄 本身所造成 ’由燈導線 寄生電容， 單地由集中 氣體放電燈 第1 8 b圖所 -a，1 和 C l a , 3 空間中視爲 源之觀念中 構造開始且 大的等效電 有寄生電容 不同將變成 S波器）且通 大很多，且 由不同點開 T 1 C L a，1 和 況下，cLa，2 燃電壓之一 CLa,3，則在 -34- 201031273 對稱的脈衝點燃時’寄生電容的充電所需的能量少於不對 稱時的情況。於極端情況>> CLa,2時，在與第 18b圖比較下’第l8a圖之點燃單元幾乎須耗費二倍的能 量〇 對稱點燃的其它優點在於，對環境所需的絕緣強度較 小，此乃因所產生的電壓和U【S()1，2只有不對稱點燃 時所生的電壓UIs()1之一半的値。這同時顯示對稱脈衝點燃 0 之缺點和原因’因此其通常不可被使用：在對稱點燃時， 燈的二個終端會傳送高壓，高壓通常由於安全原因而不被 允許，此乃因在很多燈構造和燈座構造中可接觸燈的二個 終端之一，通常是可接觸該些燈的遠端（亦稱爲燈的背面 (rear)導體）。 這顯示：對稱的點燃方法可最佳化地適用於二側都有燈 座的氣體放電燈，其機械構造設計爲對稱。在單側有燈座 的氣體放電燈中，如上所述該點燃電壓會有問題，該點燃 β 電壓施加至可由使用者達到且遠離燈座之敞開的氣體放電 燈電極。另一問題是相對於反射器的電位而施加至遠離燈 座之氣體放電燈電極上的電壓。反射器安裝在氣體放電燈 中且通常被接地。因此，在點燃瞬間有一高壓存在於遠離 燈座之電極的背面導體和該反射器之間。這樣會在該反射 器上造成飛弧，因此造成錯誤功能。由於此一原因’對稱 的點燃不適用於單側有燈座的氣體放電燈。 此外，須注意：絕緣上的耗費隨著待絕緣的電壓而非線 -35- 201031273 性地升高。依據絕緣材料中非線性的效應，在電壓加倍時 二個導體之間的距離須變成較原來的2倍還大，使不會形 成飛弧/擊穿現象。 除了環境或所加入的絕緣材料之以上所考慮的純電容特 性以外，由一特定的電壓或絕緣材料中所形成的場強度開 始以及在界面上，絕緣材料中由於電暈放電、部份放電等 所造成的有效功率的轉換不再可忽略。在上述的等效電路 φ 圖中，須與電容並聯而另外加上非線性的電阻。在此種觀 點下，對稱的脈衝點燃優於不對稱的脈衝點燃。 最後，須注意：由該絕緣材料之特定的電壓負載開始， 該絕緣材料快速地老化且因此在電壓只下降很少的情況 下，該絕緣材料的壽命可提高很多。 一種良好的取捨（其結合上述二種點燃方法的優點）是採 用非對稱脈衝點燃方式，如第19圖所示，其具有一種類似 於對稱點燃的構造，當然亦具有不同的大繞組數之二個二 ® 次繞組。對稱點燃的缺點主要在於，點燃期間背面導體會 無意地被使用者接觸到，且使用者因此會無意地接觸到高 壓的金屬部份。在具有第5圖所示的頭燈介面之整合式氣 體放電燈5中，上述接觸現象不會發生，此乃因只以插入 至頭燈中的方式來達成電路的電壓供應。因此，在頭燈未 受損時不可能與遠離燈座的電極之背面導體（其用來導引 電壓）相接觸。如上所述，此處亦不可能使用一種對稱點 燃，此乃因必須考慮到一般已接地的反射器上的飛弧。因 -36- 201031273 此’建議一種不對稱的點燃，其例如對靠近燈座的電 出該點燃電壓之3/4,且例如對遠離燈座的電極發出該 電壓之1/4。氣體放電燈點燃器50之各電極（即，靠近 的第一電極和遠離燈座的第二電極）之間準確的電壓 因此是與很多因素、燈的大小和燈座構造有關。靠近 的第一電極和遠離燈座的第二電極之間的電壓比率 22 : 1至5 : 4。藉由該點燃變壓器τΙΡ之背面導體-二 0 組IP SR而產生2…8 kV之電壓，且藉由該點燃變壓吾 之引入導體-二次繞組IPSH而產生23…17 kV之電壓 此’該二個二次繞組之間較佳的轉換比（ratio)不等於 BP，nIPSR:niPSH = 2:23…8:17。這亦可表示成方程式 = 〇·〇4…〇.8*nIPSH。於是，此構造類似於對稱的點燃器 次繞組當然不是均勻地分佈著。 該點燃變壓器TIP之主繞組np的數目較佳是在1和 間’二個二次繞組IP SH和IP SR之繞組數之和較佳是 ® 和3 8 0之間。 第19圖中的脈衝點燃單元Ζ由先前技術中已爲 知，此處因此不再說明。其由至少一個電容器所構成 電容器經由開關元件而連接至該點燃變壓器之主繞組 此，較佳是使用一種開關元件，其額定-觸發電壓是泊 伏和1300伏之間。此開關元件可以是火花放電裝置或 體（Thyristor)，其具有對應的控制電路。於第一實施 中，該點燃變壓器 TIP 具有轉換比 極發 點燃 燈座 比率 燈座 可由 次繞 I τΙΡ 。因 1， hipsr 4之 在40 人所 ，該 。因 ：350 閘流 形式 ηιρρ ： -37- 201031273 nipsR:nipsH = l:50:150之繞組’其以400伏之火花放電爲基 準的點燃單元Z來操作，即，以具有標準化之觸發電壓400 伏之火花放電裝置來操作。該點燃變壓器TIP對氣體放電 燈點燃器50之遠離燈座之電極提供一種對接地電位是+5 kV之尖峰電壓，且對氣體放電燈點燃器50之靠近燈座之 電極提供一種對接地電位是-15 kV之尖峰電壓。 在第二實施形式中，該點燃變壓器以轉換比是3: 50: @ 100之繞組來構成，且以8 00伏之火花放電爲基準的點燃 單元Z來操作。該點燃變壓器TIP對氣體放電燈點燃器50 之遠離燈座之電極提供一種對接地電位是-8 kV之尖峰電 壓，且對氣體放電燈點燃器50之靠近燈座之電極提供一種 對接地電位是+16 kV之尖峰電壓。 第20圖是整合式氣體放電燈5之擴大式電路之連接圖。 此處，在二次繞組之高壓端和各別的點燃終端之間分別連 接一個或二個未飽和之抗流圈LnSI和LnS2^以便以高壓尖 ® 峰（所謂Glitch)來防止干擾脈衝。於是，應使用0.5微亨 (uH)至25微亨之電感値，較佳是1微亨至8微亨。又，在 氣體放電燈點燃器和未飽和的抗流圈之間可直接與該氣體 放電燈點燃器並聯地連接一高壓穩定的電容器CB(所謂”點 燃器-電容器”），其電容通常小於22Pf，以使該點燃脈衝不 會受到太大的衰減。該電容器之電容値較佳是在3pF和15 pF之間。該電容器在構造上可藉由濺鍍之燈電流導線來適 當地配置和佈置成板的形成而達成。該電容器具有二種有 -38- 201031273 利（positive)的影響：其中一種是對該燈的電磁相容-特性有 利，此乃因由該燈所產生的高頻干擾直接在所產生的位置 處短路；另一種是可確保該點燃器之低歐姆的擊穿作用， 這特別是可藉由操作電路20來吸收。 背鐵-電容器CRS之電容値較佳是在68皮法（PF)和22奈 法（nF)之間，藉由背鐵-電容器CRS，則對該點燃變壓器ΤΐΡ 所產生之很快速的脈波而言可使脈衝點燃器針對具有低阻 ❹ 抗的電子式安定器（EVG)而關閉。於是，所產生的高壓點燃 脈衝可很靠近該點燃器。該背鐵-電容器CRS與背面（rear) 導體抗流圈LR—起形成低通濾波器，其可對抗電磁干擾且 保護該電子式安定器-輸出端不受不允許的高壓的影響。擴 大的電路同樣具有一種電流補償式抗流圈LSK,其同樣可 對抗電磁干擾。一種抑制二極體DTr(亦稱爲箝位（cl arnp)二 極體）限制了由於點燃過程而在該操作電路20上所產生的 電壓且因此可保護該操作電路20之輸出。 該整合式氣體放電燈5之氣體放電燈點燃器50藉金屬夾 52和四個固定片53而固定在燈座70上（請參閱第1圖）。 如第20圖所示，該金屬夾52接地，即，在汽車用之整合 式氣體放電燈中該金屬夾52例如位於車身接地電位。藉由 該金屬夾的接地，能可靠地抑制該金屬夾至頭燈的飛弧， 此乃因該二個部份在點燃期間位於相同的電位。又，藉由 該金屬夾的接地，可對存在於氣體放電燈點燃器燈管上的 點燃輔助層形成一特別佳的電容耦合。這些點燃輔助層通 -39- 201031273 常施加在高壓氣體放電燈點燃器中，以使高的點燃電壓下 降。此種措施使位於氣體放電燈點燃器燈管上的點燃輔助 層之點燃電壓下降特性提高。特別有利的情況是當金屬夾 對氣體放電燈點燃器（可包括其點燃輔助層）之電容性影響 提高時。此處’其它導電部份以電鍍方式或電容性地耦合 至該金屬夾。於是形成一種”第三電極”，其由多個”互相耦 合之單一電極”構成且有一側接地。例如，此第三電極除了 φ 金屬夾之外在外燈泡上另具有金屬層54,如第21圖所示。 此層可施加在該外燈泡之外側及/或內側。此層由可導電之 (例如）金屬材料構成且較佳是安裝在與背面導體平行的條 片中。於是，該金屬層54於光學上未顯露在點燃器燈管上 且另外對該點燃輔助層形成最小的距離且因此形成最大的 耦合電容。該外燈泡上的此層可電容性地或以電鍍方式耦 合至金屬夾。當外部之此層藉該點燃器固定在金屬夾中而 與該金屬夾形成電性接觸時，以電鑛方式耦合特別有利， ® 這可藉由先前技術中一般的安裝技術來達成而不需額外的 耗費。該層較佳是經由外燈泡周圍之1 %至20%延伸。 已接地的金屬夾對氣體放電燈之點燃電壓的有利作用是 藉由以下物理上的關聯來達成：於金屬夾和氣體放電燈之 二個電極之間，在金屬夾接地及進行不對稱的脈衝點燃 時，施加一種高電壓，在靠近氣體放電燈之二個電極處會 在該外燈泡中促成一種介電質阻障式放電。此種介電質阻 障式放電使該點燃器燈管中形成一種擊穿現象。這是藉由 -40- 201031273 在該介電質阻障式放電中形成的紫外-光來促成，該紫外-光幾乎未被該點燃器燈管所吸收，且在電極上和放電空間 中將產生自由電荷載體且因此使該點燃電壓下降。 該整合式氣體放電燈5之金屬夾和對反射器的參考面可 由金屬部構成，金屬部具有對應的固定件，其由塑料濺鍍 而成且可確保對燈座70可達成良好的機械連接。金屬夾的 接地可自動地藉由將該燈插入至各別的頭燈中的反射器中 φ 來達成。這樣可使該參考面更不易受到機械上的損耗，該 損耗是與整合式氣體放電燈5之增大的重量有關。以先前 技術來形成時只將塑料-濺鍍澆注部設爲參考面。 在氣體放電燈5之一較佳的形式中，該燈座由兩個部份 組成。第一部份具有已調整的氣體放電燈點燃器50，其藉 金屬夾52和固定片53埋置於由塑料構成的燈座中，該燈 座如上所述具有以金屬來強化的參考面。第一部份是與第 二部份相連接。第二部份包括點燃-和操作電路。燈和電流 ® 導線的連接可藉由熔接、焊接或藉由機械連接（例如，插接 或切削式夾接）來達成。 第21圖是氣體放電燈點燃器50之切面圖，其顯示燈座 構造。氣體放電燈點燃器50較佳是一種無水銀之氣體放電 燈點燃器，但亦可使用一種含有水銀的氣體放電燈點燃 器。氣體放電燈點燃器50可容納一氣密式封閉之放電管 5 02，其中包含有電極5 04和可離子化的塡料以產生氣體放 電’該可離子化的塡料較佳是以無水銀的塡料來形成，其 -41- 201031273 含有氙和金屬鈉、钪、鋅和銦之鹵化物，且鋅和銦之鹵化 物之重量比是在20至1〇〇之間，較佳是50。氙氣之冷塡 充壓力是在1.3百萬（mega)巴至1.8百萬巴之間。已顯示的 事實是，光電流之衰減隨著氣體放電燈點燃器50之操作期 間而下降，且氣體放電燈點燃器5 0之點燃電壓之增加量隨 著操作期間而減少。即，在與先前之氣體放電燈點燃器比 較下，該氣體放電燈點燃器50具有較佳的光電流-維護性， $ 且因操作期間較小的點燃電壓增加量而顯示一較長的壽 命。又，氣體放電燈點燃器50在其操作期間顯示由其所發 出之光之彩色位置的偏移量較小。特別是該彩色位置只在 依據ECE規則99所允許之極限內偏移。氙之較高冷塡充 壓力和鋅之鹵化物之較高重量成份主要是用來對氣體放電 燈點燃器5 0之點燃電壓進行調整，即，該點燃電壓是在氣 體放電燈點燃器50之放電區段上，於準（quasi)靜止操作狀 態下，在點燃相位結束之後進行調整。銦之鹵化物以較小 Ο 的重量成份存在著，使其可對氣體放電燈點燃器50所發出 之光之彩色位置進行調整，但不能對氣體放電燈點燃器50 之點燃電壓的調整作出重要的貢獻。銦之鹵化物在氣體放 電燈點燃器50中就像鈉和銃之鹵化物一樣主要是用來發 光。 鋅之鹵化物之重量成份較佳是在每1立方毫米（mm3)放 電管體積0.88微克至2.67微克之間，且銦之鹵化物之重量 成份是在每1立方毫米（mm3)放電管體積0.026微克至 -42- 201031273 0.089微克之間。可使用碘化物、溴化物或氯化物作爲鹵化 物。 鈉之鹵化物重量成份是在每1立方毫米（mm3)放電管體 積6.6微克至13.3微克之間。銃之鹵化物重量成份是在每 1立方毫米放電管體積4.4微克至11.1微克之間。以確保 該氣體放電燈點燃器50可發出色溫大約是4000K之白光且 在該氣體放電燈點燃器 50之壽命期間彩色位置保持在白 光的範圍中，較佳是保持在窄的極限內。在重量成份較小 時，鈉之損耗（取決於經由放電管之管壁之擴散）和銃之損 毫（取決於與放電管之石英玻璃之化學反應）不能受到補 償，且在重量成份較高時，彩色位置和色溫會變化。 放電管的體積小於23立方毫米時較有利，以便儘可能接 近理想的點光源。就用作機動車的頭燈或其它光學系統中 的光源而言，放電管5 02的發光部，即，包含電極的放電 空間’應具有儘可能小的尺寸。理想方式是，光源應是點 形式的光源’以便可配置在光學成像系統之焦點中。本發 明的高壓放電燈5較先前技術者更接近此一理想，此乃因 本發明中的放電管502具有較小的體積。高壓放電燈5之 放電管502之體積較有利的方式是在大於1〇立方毫米至小 於26立方毫米之範圍中。 氣體放電燈點燃器之電極504之間的距離較佳是小於5 毫米，以便儘可能接近理想的點光源。就用作機動車之頭 燈中的光源而言’電極距離較佳是3.5毫米。因此，氣體 -43- 201031273 放電燈點燃器50可最佳地適應於機動車的頭燈中的成像 特性。 氣體放電燈點燃器之電極502之厚度或直徑較佳是在 0.20毫米至0.36毫米之間。具有此種厚度値之電極可足夠 安全地埋置於放電管的石英玻璃中且同時具有足夠的電流 承載性，這特別是在該高壓放電燈之起動相位（phase)期間 是很重要的，此時該燈是以3至5倍之額定功率和額定電 流來操作。於電極較薄時，在無水銀的塡料之本實施形式 中不能確保足夠之電流承載性，且在較厚的電極504的情 況下，放電管中會有形成裂痕的危險性，這與放電管材料 的很不相同的熱膨脹係數所造成的機械應力有關。放電管 材料是石英玻璃，電極材料是鎢或以钍或氧化钍來摻雜的 鎢。 各電極分別與埋置於放電管之材料中的鉬箔506相連 接，各電極可氣密地導引電流，且各別的鉬箔506至與鉬 箔相連接的電極之向內伸入至放電管502之內部空間中的 末端之間的最小距離較佳是至少4 · 5毫米，以確保各別的 鉬箔506和發生在電極尖端（其向內伸入至該放電管5〇2中） 上的氣體放電之間有一儘可能大的距離。於是，鉬箔506 和氣體放電之間所設定的較大的最小距離所顯示的優點 是’藉可離子化的塡料之鹵素化合物中的鹵化物，使鉬箔 5 0 6受到較小的熱負載及較小的腐蝕危險性。 頻率適應性 -44- 201031273 以下將描述一種防止閃爍現象的方法，其由整合式氣體 放電燈5之操作電路來進行。 此處所述的氣體放電燈須以交流電流來操作，其主要是 由該操作電路92 0產生。此交流電流可以是高頻的交流電 流，其頻率特別是高於該氣體放電燈中所產生的聲頻共 振，該頻率在此處所述的燈中等於燈電流之高於1 MHz之 ' 頻率。然而，吾人通常使用的是低頻之矩形操作方式，如 φ 下所述。 在失真的操作方式中，氣體放電燈（特別是高壓氣體放電 燈）在燈電流的方向發生切換（所謂整流）時通常會使弧光消 除，電極因此回到一種太低的溫度。通常，以低頻的矩形 電流來操作高壓放電燈，這亦稱爲”不穩的直流操作”。於 此，一種頻率是100赫至數仟赫（kHz)之矩形電流施加至該 燈。在正電壓和負電壓之間每一由該操作電路來進行的切 換中，對燈電流進行整流，這樣會造成一種在短時間內成 ® 爲零的燈電流。此種操作可確保該燈的電極在準-直流操作 時亦可均勻地受到負載。 電極上的弧光在以交流電流來操作氣體放電燈時會有問 題。在以交流電流來操作時，在整流期間陰極會變成陽極 或反之使陽極變成陰極。陰極-陽極的轉換基本上較無問 題’此乃因電極的溫度幾乎不影響陽極的操作。在陽極-陰 極轉換時，電極提供足夠高的電流之能力與溫度有關。若 溫度太低，即在整流期間弧光至少在零穿越點之後由點形 -45- 201031273 式的弧光操作方式切換成漫射式（diffuse)的弧光操作方 式。此種切換通常會對所發出的光帶來一種可看見的缺口 (notch)，其可被認爲閃爍。 因此，該燈以點形式的弧光操作方式來操作時是有意義 的，此乃因此時弧光很小且因此很熱。結果，由於在小的 發生點上較髙的溫度而使所需的電壓較小，能提供足夠的 電流。 以下，所述的過程被視爲整流，其中該氣體放電燈點燃 器50之操作電壓之極性發生切換，且發生大的電流-或電 壓變化。在該燈之對稱的操作方式中，在整流時間的中點 處存在有電壓-或電流零穿越點。此處須注意，電壓整流通 常較電流整流進行得更快。 由 0. Langenscheidt et al., J. Phys D 40 (2007), page 4 15-431 中之，’The boundary layers of ac-arcs at HID-electrodes: phase resolved electrical measurements and optical observations”中已知：在冷電極和漫射式弧光 中，電壓在整流之後首先將上升，此乃因待冷卻的陰極只 能藉由較高的電壓來提供所需的電流。若操作該氣體放電 燈用的裝置可不提供該電壓，即會發生所謂閃爍。 切換用的弧光模式所涉及之問題主要是與氣體放電燈有 關，氣體放電燈相對於額定功率相同之相類似的燈而言具 有較大的電極。通常當需要”立即光”時，氣體放電燈以過 載方式來操作，就像機動車-領域中氣放電燈中的情況一 -46- 201031273 樣，其中由於法規上的規定而必須在4秒後達成80%的發 光量。在所謂”快速起動”期間（亦稱爲起動相位）該些燈須 以較額定功率大很多的功率來操作，以符合適當的汽車規 範或規則。因此，電極的尺寸須能達成高的起始功率，但 此起始功率對正常操作狀態而言太大。由於電極主要是藉 由所流過的燈電流來加熱，則閃爍的問題主要是在老化的 氣體放電燈中發生，其點燃電壓在燈的壽命末期將增大。 ^ 由於增大的點燃電壓，以致所流過的燈電流較小，此乃因 在燈的靜止操作期間該操作電路藉由調整器而使燈功率保 持固定，氣體放電燈的電極在壽命末期時因此不再被足夠 地加熱。 在^整合式氣體放電燈中存在一種優點，即：該操作電路 不可分離地與氣體放電燈點燃器相連接，使至目前爲止的 點燃期間（亦稱爲整流點燃期間U)可由該操作電路以簡易 的方式來測得，其中該整流點燃期間U是氣體放電燈點燃 ® 器操作時的全部期間之和，雖然介於操作期間存在著未操 作的期間。上述”測得”例如可藉具有永久記憶體的時間測 量器來進行，其通常在該氣體放電燈點燃器5 0操作時測量 時間，因此在多個電極之間點燃一種弧光。由於閃爍的問 題主要發生在老化的燈中，因此建議一方法，其中該氣體 放電燈點燃器之操作頻率須依據該氣體放電燈點燃器之點 燃期間來調整，以便隨著點燃期間的增長而使該操作頻率 亦增高。這樣所顯示的優點是，陽極和陰極的操作相位的 -47- 201031273 切換可在較高的頻率時較快速地完成，此種切換會使電極 尖端發生溫度調變。因此，在較高的頻率時電極尖端之溫 度上升値由於熱的慣性而較小。意外地，已顯示的情況是： 在電極溫度超過燈電極之”臨界的最小溫度”時，閃爍現象 不發生。 當然，頻率不可任意地提高，否則會在燈中激發各種聲 頻共振，其會使弧光和閃爍發生變形。此種效應由頻率1 Φ 仟赫開始時即可能發生。因此，在正常操作時（β卩，在點燃 -和起動相位之後的靜止操作相位中）通常選擇400赫或500 赫的頻率。此頻率以下稱爲下限頻率。以下將”低的累積點 燃期間”視爲該氣體放電燈5之點燃器50未顯示老化效應 或只顯示少許的老化效應時的點燃期間。這是指以下情 況：直至已累積的點燃期間爲止，該氣體放電燈5已達成 特定壽命的最初的1 0%。此槪念”在特定壽命附近”以下被 視爲一種壽命，其中已累積的點燃期間慢慢地達到該特定 ® 壽命，例如，該槪念”在特定壽命附近”是指在該特定壽命 之90%至100%之間。由製造者所給的壽命被視爲特定壽命。 第22圖是上述方法之第一實施形式的圖解，其中顯示該 氣體放電燈點燃器在點燃期間之操作頻率。第22圖中可辨 認出該操作頻率直至500小時的點燃期間爲止在400赫時 仍保持定値，在500小時至1 5 00小時之點燃期間連續地以 0.5赫/小時之方式增高至900赫，以便在隨後仍保持在900 赫0 -48- 201031273 然而，在500赫至1500赫之範圍中頻率不可連續地增加 而是能以步進的方式增加。因此，在本方法之第一實施形 式的第二種變形中，如第32圖所示，由2097152秒的累積 的點燃期間（大約等於583小時）開始，通常在進行32768 秒（大約9·1小時）之後該頻率提高了 4赫。此頻率在一段時 間中提高，直至進行了 128次提高爲止。然後，由原來的 起始値4 0 0赫開始，該頻率到達912赫。第一實施形式的 φ 第二種變形特別適合以數位邏輯電路來達成，例如，可藉 由微控制器或數位電路而以ASIC來達成，此乃因本方法只 需不連續的時間-和頻率步進値。 在第一實施形式的第三種變形中，如第33圖所示，使用 一特別簡易的方式。此處，在1 04 8576秒（大約291小時） 之後，該頻率在一步驟中由400赫倍增至800赫。然後， 該燈通常以高的頻率來操作。相對於第二種變形而言，只 針對唯一的頻率步進値來進行。 ® 在第二實施形式中，如第34圖所示，上述方法與一種偵 測閃爍用的電路配置（未顯示）相組合，以依依燈點燃器之 需要來調整頻率。該電路配置因此以一種偵測電路爲主， 其用來偵測燈電壓及/或燈電流。或是，亦可在整流器之前 使用適當的相關値來偵測。一種電子式操作器或安定器通 常用在機動車中，且亦可包含在該整合式氣體放電燈5中以 作爲該操作電路920，該電子式安定器可具有由直流電壓 轉換器和整流器構成之二級構造，此二級經由直流電壓中 -49- 201031273 間電路而互相耦合，其中此直流電壓中間電路之電壓時變 率及/或由中間電路向內流至整流器中的電流之時變率可 視爲該燈之閃燦之大小。 偵測閃爍用的電路配置偵測出該燈中是否發生閃爍。若 如此且該燈目前的點燃期間大於500小時，則進行一種閃 爍-測量方法》 此方法包括以下步驟： 0 -將閃爍-最小-搜尋之計數器狀態提高1， -由下限頻率開始，將氣體放電燈點燃器之操作頻率以步 進方式提高， -測量所選取之操作頻率中之閃爍強度。 於此，在所選取之操作頻率中分別至少儲存該閃爍強 度。若需要，則儲存該操作頻率中所測得之其它參數。閃 爍強度的測量須以較大的時距來進行，以補償操作時所發 生的統計上的波動。在第二實施形式中，例如設定一種20 ® 至30分鐘之測量時間。此頻率因此每次以100赫而增加， 且然後測量該閃爍強度。在第一步中，該頻率上升至900 赫之第一上限頻率。只要該閃爍消失或該閃爍強度下降至 一可容許的門限（threshold)値以下，則隨著頻率的提高而 不繼續進行，這樣可在一永久性的記憶體中確保將來操作 時所需的實際頻率，以便該燈下一次又導通時可同樣以最 近所操作的頻率來起動。 若該閃燦在頻率已提高至第一上限時仍未被消除或該閃 -50- 201031273 爍強度未下降至一可容許的門限値以下，該閃爍-最小-搜 尋之計數器狀態增加1且該頻率繼續增高，直至達到第一 上限頻率之三倍値爲止，此情況下該三倍値是2700赫（所 謂第二上限頻率）。然後，在該下限頻率和第二上限頻率之 間所測量的整個範圍中適當地選取該頻率，其中已顯示出 最小的閃爍。屬於該最小閃爍之閃爍強度乘以一種大於1 的因數且儲存所謂實際之閃爍邊界値以作爲新容許的門限 値。 以下，對閃爍進行監視和測量且周期性地測試實際的閃 爍強度是否大於實際的閃爍邊界値。若是，則跳至本方法 之上述搜尋中已顯示出第二小的閃爍強度的頻率處。以此 頻率來操作該燈，此時亦對閃燦進行監視和測量。現在， 若實際的閃爍強度又應在實際的閃爍邊界値以上，即切換 至具有第三小的閃爍強度之頻率。在隨後的操作中，若實 際的閃爍強度又應在實際的閃爍邊界値以上，該閃爍-最小 ® -搜尋之計數器狀態即重新增加1且以該最小搜尋之新的過 程開始進行，此時將搜尋該下限頻率和第二上限頻率之間 的整個頻率範圍。 通常在閃爍-最小-搜尋中已驅動的計數器狀態以及實際 上的閃爍邊界値儲存在該操作電路（920，93 0)之永久性記 憶體中。此二個値可經由整合式氣體放電燈之通信介面（例 如，LIN-匯流排（Bus))被讀出。在機動車之維護期間，例 如，在服務-期間滿期之後的檢査時或機動車由於缺陷而放 -51- 201031273 在汽車間時，讀出上述二個値且與各邊界値比較，各邊界 値表示可容許的値。各邊界値同樣可儲存在整合式氣體放 電燈中且經由通信匯流排而讀出。然而，爲了簡單之故， 各邊界値在較佳的實施形式中儲存在汽車間的診斷裝置 中。已讀出的値之一若大於所屬的邊界値，該整合式氣體 放電燈（5)即須更換成新的整合式氣體放電燈。此方式大大 地提高了照明系統之可用性而不會造成大量的成本，此乃 β 因該燈在需要時可提早更換且在維護期間不需大量的時間 耗費’因爲此時該機動車通常都連接至診斷裝置。 由該操作電路之永久性記憶體所讀出的資料將與邊界値 相比較’各邊界値可依據同樣由永久性記憶體讀出的累積 之點燃期間（tk)或累積之已加權的點燃期間（tkg)而變化，老 化的燈之閃燦邊界値因此須大於不必更換的新燈者。邊界 値與燈的點燃期間的相依性是由燈製造者提供給機動車製 造者，使資料能以表格或矩陣的形式載入至該診斷裝置中。 ® 在第三實施形式中，以類似於第二實施形式來進行，特 別是須節省微控制器中之記憶體空間。在上述搜尋中只儲 存目前爲止已發生之最小閃爍強度和所屬的操作頻率。 即，只進行該閃爍強度之最小搜尋以取代即時的測量。在 第一次搜尋至第一上限値時若不應中斷該搜尋，就像第二 實施形式一樣，亦繼續搜尋至第二上限頻率爲止。然後， 直接跳至最小記憶體中所儲存的頻率。接著，該燈在此頻 率中操作至少3 0分鐘且在此期間中決定此期間的閃爍強 -52- 201031273 度。若該閃爍強度較原來強度所高出的値大於一可容許的 因數（例如，2 0 %)，則在最可能的操作頻率之後開始新的捜 尋，且因此如上所述來進行。 藉由氣體放電燈點燃器之操作頻率在點燃期間被提高， 則該點燃器之閃爍傾向可大大地下降，而不需在電路配置 本身耗費大量的成本。由於該整合式氣體放電燈5之操作 電路包含微控制器，因此，整個方法可在該微控制器之軟 0 體中實現而不會造成額外的成本。第二實施形式中偵測該 閃爍用的電路配置在合適的設計中純粹以軟體來實現。偵 測該閃爍所需的測量値由於其它原因而施加至微控制器 中，於是，可藉由對該些値作適當的評估而以軟體來實現 一偵測單元。硬體中所需的電路組件由於其它原因而存在 著且因此不會造成額外的成本。 通信介面 如上所述，整合式氣體放電燈5可支配通信元件或至少 © 一通信介面，其特別是能與機動車之機載電路通信。一種 LIN-匯流排已顯示特別有利。然而，亦可藉由CAN-匯流排 和機載電路來與整合式氣體放電燈連結。 藉通信介面，該燈能以有利的方式來與機動車中的上位 控制系統（例如’光模組）通信。於此，經由該通信介面可 經由該整合式氣體放電燈5，將多種資訊傳送至上位之控 制系統。該些資訊儲存在該燈的永久性記憶體中。在生產 該整合式氣體放電燈5時，發生許多資訊，其可由生產設 -53- 201031273 備來搜集且在該燈生產結束時可在該燈之永久性記憶體中 進行程式化。然而，該些資訊亦可直接寫入至該整合式氣 體放電燈5之操作電路之永久性記憶體中，於是，此處未 必需要一通信介面。 在生產時，氣體放電燈點燃器50例如被準確地測量，且 在相對於燈座之參考面而插在燈座70上時，被固定至燈座 上一準確定義的位置中。這樣可確保由整合式氣體放電燈 φ 5和頭燈3所構成的光學系統的高品質，此乃因在氣體放 電燈之多個電極之間點燃的弧光相對於該參考面（其是對 該頭燈的介面）而言佔有準確的空間位置。生產用的機器中 例如電極的距離和位置已爲人所知。然而，電極距離對該 操作電路而言是一種重要的數値，此乃因該氣體放電燈50 之電極距離與點燃電壓相關。又，唯一的序號或生產用的 裝料編號可儲存在該燈之永久性記憶體中，以確保可再用 性。藉由該序號，則可經由製造者所載入的資料庫而以所 ® 有可用的資料來詢問該整合式氣體放電燈5中已構成的組 件’以便在生產各別的組件發生錯誤時可找出相關的燈。 在該整合式氣體放電燈5之一較佳的實施形式中，藉通 信介面’經由機載電路來詢問其它在燈操作時所測得之儲 存在該整合式氣體放電燈5之永久性記憶體中的參數，且 亦儲存該參數。例如，構成頭燈之光學系統中之資料可儲 存在該整合式氣體放電燈5中，此乃因可控制該資料，因 此亦可控制該氣體放電燈點燃器5 〇之功率，使該頭燈系統 -54- 201031273 可發出均勻而大量的光。 以下的通信參數特別適合用作通信參數： -氣體放電燈點燃器50之累積點燃期間， -所產生之閃爍效應之次數，即，超過可容許的邊界値之 次數， -開始該閃爍-最小-搜尋的次數， -實際的燈功率， -整流器之實際頻率， -燈功率之額定値（=燈之目標額定功率）， -燈功率之實際値， -電路之溫度， -序號或裝料編號， -燈熄滅器之總數和過去的時段（例如，200小時）中燈熄 滅器之數目， -未點燃的數目。 原則上，傳統式未整合在放電燈之燈座中的操作電路亦 已測得上述參數且可經由通信介面來使用上述參數。當 然，上述參數在機動車之服務範圍中不可用來作診斷，此 乃因該燈目前可被更換而與該操作電路無關且所讀出的參 數因此未必描述由該燈和該操作電路所構成的現有的燈。 整合式氣體放電燈之上述系統未具有此種缺點，其中一氣 體放電燈點燃器及其操作電路不可互相分離地整合在一燈 中〇 -55- 201031273 該通信介面較佳是LIN-匯流排或CAN-匯流排。此二種 介面規約（protocol)已廣泛擴展及應用至汽車領域中。若該 整合式氣體放電燈5未用在汽車中，則該整合式氣體放電 燈5之介面亦可具有一種擴展至一般照明之規約，例如， DALI 或 EIB/Insta 匯流排。 由於上述資料（主要是累積之點燃期間），因此，存在於 機動車中的上位控制系統例如可計算該整合式氣體放電燈 5之可能的更換時間點。在機動車的檢測期限中可判定： 該整合式氣體放電燈5直至下一檢測期限爲止是否仍正常 操作或是否須更換，因爲須考慮該燈之劣化之光品質或該 燈之故障。 如上述針對有閃爍的燈中所述，經由該整合式氣體放電 燈之通信介面讀出資料，則一服務技術可由該整合式氣體 放電燈中讀出資料，且於需要時，在故障之前，可更換該 燈。 當該整合式氣體放電燈之製程上的資料不變地儲存在永 久性記憶體中時，目前可動用該資料來計算該燈的壽命， 即，像該整合式氣體放電燈能正常操作多久之類的時間估 計可相當準確地推算出。資料較佳是儲存在該操作電路之 永久性記憶體中，由此資料可展示製程上的時段。因此， 可能之錯誤製程或稍後在裝料中確定的不足現象都可在該 燈故障前替換。這樣對機動車的使用者有很大的助益，特 別是將該整合式氣體放電燈用在頭燈中時涉及一種與特殊 -56- 201031273 安全有關的應用。當資料儲存在該操作電路之永久性記憶 體中時，藉此使該整合式氣體放電燈可明確地被辨認，則 製程中儲存在資料庫中的資料可簡易且可靠地配屬於該 燈。當一明確且唯一的序號儲存在該操作電路之永久性記 憶體中時，在功能上特別有效。又，該序號亦包含依據全 部製造者來調整的製造者序碼，使該整合式氣體放電燈之 相同型態之不同製造者可在其各別的製程中設定一種連續 的序號，然後可確保並無第二個燈具有相同的序號。 於該整合式氣體放電燈之操作期間，在永久性的記憶體 中較佳是儲存一個或多個數字，其隨著該氣體放電燈之點 燃期間及/或點燃之次數而單調地增加。於此，'測得氣體放 電燈點燃器之點燃期間且予以相加而儲存在該操作電路之 永久性記憶體中，作爲累積的點燃期間。此累積的點燃期 間較佳是以數字儲存在永久性記憶體中。然而，該點燃期 間亦可藉上述操作參數來加權，且以數字儲存在該操作電 路之永久性記憶體中’該數字對應於已加權之累積的點燃 期間。以下將再詳述該累積的點燃期間之不同形式。因此， 目前的點燃期間能可靠地以製造者所設定的壽命來調整， 且可準確地指出該燈的剩餘壽命。製造者所設定的壽命可 以是同樣由該永久性記憶體所讀出的其它資料之函數，使 該壽命例如取決於該燈之起動次數或所需的光電流。由於 經濟上的原因’對是否須更換該整合式氣體放電燈之判定 可另外由服務-汽車*間之診斷裝置中所儲存的資料來決 -57- 201031273 定，該資料是在稍後的汽車間-搜尋時被取得，且例如”稍 後之服務-期間所使用的光有多強”之類的資訊亦可對相關 的判定有影響。 當儲存在該操作電路之永久性記憶體中的數字指出該燈 有閃爍時，該數字特別是指閃爍-最小-搜尋或實際之閃爍 邊界之起動次數，則該整合式氣體放電燈之狀態可準確地 測得且在需要時被讀出。讀出的値在該整合式氣體放電燈 所在的機動車的服務中用來評估該燈的剩餘壽命。就同樣 需考慮的服務技術而言，該操作電路之永久性記憶體中所 儲存的數字是該氣體放電燈點燃器之點燃次數，此乃因該 點燃次數和點燃期間一樣都對壽命有影響。在機動車的服 務期限中，由該操作電路之永久性記憶體中讀出資料，且 依據此資料，在維護時進行不同的動作。該維護因此較有 效而更佳。提前故障現象因此較少且顧客滿意度提高。“該 整合式氣體放電燈是否須更換”的判定除了以服務技術員 的經驗爲準以外，亦可依據該操作電路之永久性記憶體中 所讀出的資料來達成。較佳是在該氣體放電燈點燃器之累 積的點燃期間及/或已加權的累積的點燃期間及/或點燃次 數超過特定的邊界値時作出該判定。該邊界値較佳是與製 程所需時間及/或可用來明確地辨認該整合式氣體放電燈 的資料有關。因此，可對該整合式氣體放電燈之更換作出 可靠且簡易的判定。 流明（發光量）固定 -58- 201031273 然而，儲存在該整合式氣體放電燈5之永久性記憶體中 的資訊亦可用來將該整合式氣體放電燈5之發光量在其壽 命期間保持成固定。在該氣體放電燈之額定功率時發光量 會在其壽命中改變。隨著點燃期間的增加，該燈的效率會 由於放電管的黑化和去玻璃化、電極的回火及因此所造成 之放電弧的變化而下降。整個光學系統的效率會更加惡 化，此乃因該系統在尺寸上通常設計成用於點光源或用在 最小的電極距離時所造成的最短放電弧，且在放電弧變長 時光學系統中更多的光將消失。此光學系統本身在其操作 期間的效率亦將下降，這是由於溫度循環或汽車頭燈中所 發生的永久振動而使透鏡混濁或失焦所造成。以下將描述 燈的點燃期間（U)和已加權的累積的點燃期間（tkg)，其中該 已加權的累積的點燃期間tkg是由以下將詳述之加權函數γ 來加權。 由於該整合式氣體放電燈5之操作電路將該氣體放電燈 點燃器50之相關的參數儲存於永久性記憶體中，因此，施 加至該氣體放電燈點燃器50之操作功率PLA可依據該累積 的點燃期間來調整。由於老化過程以非線性方式來進行， 則在一簡單的實施形式中一種補償函數β可儲存在該操作 電路中，如第27圖所示。此處，該燈之已加權的累積點燃 期間tkg繪成該氣體放電燈點燃器50之燈功率PLA對額定 功率Pn之商的函數。在小於1 〇小時之點燃期間所在之下 方區域中，該功率稍微提髙。這有助於對該氣體放電燈點 -59- 201031273 燃器來設定條件（例如，溫度、濕度）。此處亦應提及該整 合式氣體放電燈5之點燃器50之”燒入”現象。若該燈已” 燒入（burning-in)”，則能以稍微變小的功率（大約是額定功 率之90%)來操作，此乃因該燈的效率就像透鏡一樣亦很 好。由大約1 〇〇小時的已加權的累積的點燃期間tkg開始， 該功率又緩慢地上升，以便在到達3 000小時之特定的壽命 終端時可達到燈功率PLa，其大於該點燃器之已設定的額定 φ 功率之10%。因此，該氣體放電燈點燃器之發光量在其點 燃期間保持固定値。儲存於該操作電路中的函數會受到生 產時儲存在永久性記憶體中的點燃器參數（例如，電極距離） 的影響。 先進的系統是以上位的控制系統來控制該整合式氣體放 電燈5，此種系統中可實現其它的光功能，例如，可對所 發出的光量進行與速率有關的控制。在此種先進的系統之 實施形式中，須設計該操作電路，使其能以欠（under)功率 ® 或過（over)功率來操作。然而，若氣體放電燈點燃器50不 是以額定功率來操作，其即以不同於以額定功率來操作時 的方式而老化。這在計算該累積的點燃期間時須予以考 慮。於此，在該操作電路中儲存一種加權函數γ，其是一 種與欠功率和過功率有關的因數。第28圖是設置在機動車 之頭燈中的整合式氣體放電燈之加權函數γ之圖解。若氣 體放電燈點燃器50以過功率來操作，老化速率即較快，此 乃因電極太熱且電極材料將蒸發。若氣體放電燈點燃器50 -60- 201031273 以低很多的欠功率來操作，老化速率即同樣較快，此 電極太冷’結果會使電極材料凝聚，因此須以濺鍍來 極材料剝蝕’這是不期望的，此乃因這樣會使燈的壽 光效益下降。因此，整合式氣體放電燈5之操作電路 老化一起計算在已加權的累積的點燃期間tfcg中。這可 以下的公式來算出：tkg(t)= ; f(T)只表示 燃函數，即，只要該氣體放電燈點燃器50在操作201031273 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an integrated gas discharge lamp in which a gas discharge lamp igniter and its operating circuit are integrated in a lamp, and the present invention also relates to an integrated gas discharge lamp Method of operation. [Prior Art] The present invention relates to an integrated gas discharge lamp in which a gas discharge lamp point Φ burner and its operating circuit are integrated in a lamp, and the present invention also relates to an integrated gas discharge lamp according to the independent patent application scope. Method of Operation" Gas discharge lamps have a tendency to flicker during continuous ignition. As a result, a large electrode spacing is caused on one side, and a deformed and cracked electrode tip is formed on the other hand, which does not ensure the formation of a neat arc. Since the electrode spacing is large, the current is lowered and the electrode is less heated, which increases the tendency to flicker. A method of operating a gas discharge lamp is known from EP 0 792 570 B1, which ensures a uniform electrode temperature. This document suggests a full-bridge circuit-frequency change during low-frequency rectangular wave operation during start-up and normal operation. This frequency is therefore determined by a function of the electrode temperature and the lamp current stored in the microcontroller. The electrode temperature is derived from a model. This method will prevent the lamp from extinguishing directly after rectification because the anode typically has a sufficiently high temperature before rectification to emit sufficient electrons after rectification. The disadvantage of this method is that it is expensive to calculate the electrode temperature of the model. Thus, the electrode spacing in the model is not considered. 201031273 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a preferred method of operation of an integrated gas discharge lamp (5) in which a gas discharge lamp igniter (50) and the gas discharge lamp igniter (50) are operated The circuit is integrated in the lamp. Another object of the present invention is to provide a preferred integrated gas discharge lamp that operates in the manner described above. In the case of an integrated gas discharge lamp, the above object is achieved by an integrated gas discharge lamp operated by the following method. In terms of method of operation, the above object is achieved by an integrated gas discharge lamp operating method in which a gas discharge lamp igniter and its operating circuit are integrated in the lamp, the operating frequency of the integrated gas discharge lamp is low accumulated The lower limit frequency during the ignition period begins to increase through the ignition period of the igniter of the integrated gas discharge lamp until the end 値 (close to the life of the igniter) during a cumulative ignition period. Due to the increased frequency of operation, the minimum electrode temperature of the gas discharge lamp igniter is also increased, which in turn greatly reduces the chance of flicker. In the first embodiment, when the operating frequency is fixed to the lower limit frequency until the cumulative ignition period of about 10% to 20% of the rated life of the gas discharge lamp igniter (50), then The cumulative ignition period from 40% to 60% continues to increase to the first upper limit frequency in a manner of approximately 0.5 Hz/h (h/h) and then remains in the first upper limit frequency, thus ensuring optimum The electrode temperature does not flicker at this time. The operating frequency is preferably maintained at 201031273 at approximately 400 Hz for a cumulative ignition period of up to 500 hours to continuously rise to approximately 900 at 0.5 Hz/h during cumulative ignition from 500 hours to 1500 hours. He then stays at 900 Hz. In the second embodiment, it is proposed that the operation method of an integrated gas discharge lamp includes the following steps. 1. increasing the operating frequency by a predetermined first frequency from the first cumulative ignition period, 2. waiting for a predetermined time, 3. increasing the operating frequency by a predetermined first frequency, 4, steps 2 and 3. Repeat n times. This operation frequency is increased many times in discrete steps, which can be implemented in digital circuits, which is cost effective and can be implemented in modern circuit configurations. When the first cumulative ignition period is between 10% and 20% of the rated life of the gas discharge lamp igniter, the predetermined time is 1 hour to 20 hours, and the first frequency is between 1 Hz and 50 Hz. This method is therefore particularly reliable, and η = 16 to 256. In a particularly effective embodiment, the operating frequency is typically increased by 128 times to 912 Hz in a 4 Hz manner after 32,768 seconds from the cumulative ignition period of 2097 1 52 seconds. This can be done in particular in a digital binary circuit, since the counting logic is composed of a power of two. In a particularly simple embodiment, the operating frequency is increased from the lower limit frequency to the first upper limit frequency in a step starting from the cumulative second ignition period, which is a particularly simple and cost-effective variant of the method. Can 201031273 greatly reduce the tendency to flicker. Particularly preferably, the cumulative second ignition period is between 5% and 20% of the rated life of the gas discharge lamp igniter, the lower limit frequency is between 100 Hz and 500 Hz, and the first upper limit frequency is 600. Between Her and 900 Hz. With these flaws, the best results can be achieved in high-pressure gas discharge lamps for automotive headlamps. The method can also be particularly efficiently performed by digital binary circuits when the operating frequency begins with a cumulative ignition period of 1048576 seconds and increases from a frequency of 400 Hz to 800 Hz in one step. In another preferred embodiment, an operating circuit has a detecting circuit for detecting the flashing of the arc of the gas discharge lamp igniter and accumulating about 16% of the rated life of the gas discharge lamp igniter. During the ignition period, the following steps are started: - increasing the operating frequency of the gas discharge lamp igniter to a first upper limit frequency in a stepwise manner starting from the lower limit frequency, - measuring the arc of the gas discharge lamp igniter at the selected operating frequency闪烁 Light flicker intensity, - Store the measured flicker intensity and associated operating frequency, - Adjust the operating frequency to the frequency at which the flicker intensity is lowest. Therefore, the flicker can be well suppressed in a complicated lamp. In another preferred embodiment, an operating circuit has a detecting circuit for detecting the flashing of the arc of the gas discharge lamp igniter and accumulating about 16% of the rated life of the gas discharge lamp igniter. The following steps are started during the ignition: 201031273 - the operating frequency of the gas discharge lamp igniter is increased in steps to the second upper limit frequency starting from the lower limit frequency - the gas discharge lamp igniter is measured in the selected operating frequency The flashing intensity of the arc, - as long as the flicker intensity does not exceed a predetermined threshold, the operating frequency is adjusted to an actual frequency and the method ends. This is a simplified version of the above method, which also has good functionality and can be implemented with a simpler circuit with less memory. The second upper limit frequency is preferably between 600 Hz and 900 Hz. In another embodiment, the second upper limit frequency is tripled when "the predetermined threshold that does not exceed the flashing intensity" is no longer established. This also prevents the flashing of the lamp, which is similar to the life of the lamp during the flashing period. Other advantageous forms and arrangements of the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention and methods of operation thereof are described in the following additional description of the specification and claims, and other advantages of the invention will be described in the light of the embodiments and drawings. Features and details. [Embodiment] The same or equivalent elements in the respective embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals. Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 of the present invention in the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the gas discharge lamp 5 will be referred to as an integrated gas discharge lamp 5' which has integrated the ignition circuit and the operation circuit in the socket of the gas discharge lamp 5. The gas discharge lamp 5 thus has no special lamp cut-out area outwards and the 201031273 is directly connectable to a generally extended energy supply. In an arrangement for use as a headlight for an automobile, the section of the gas discharge lamp 5 is thus a conventional 12 volt supply for an airborne power source. In another arrangement for use as a car light, the cut-off area of the gas discharge lamp 5 can also be the future 42 volt supply of modern car-on-board power. However, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can also be designed to be connected to a high voltage onboard power source of an electric vehicle having an accumulated voltage of, for example, 48 volts, 96 volts, 120 volts up to 360 volts. φ In addition, the integrated gas discharge lamp can also be designed to operate with a battery-buffered low voltage power supply in the event of a lack of power. The lamp can also be used in a low voltage-isolated power source, for example, in a mountain hut. Currently, low voltage-halogen lamps can be used in conventional low voltage systems, where conventional low pressure systems can also be used. Such a lamp exhibits advantages only in portable devices (e.g., flashlights) because no cable is required between the lamp and the operating device. Since no cables are required, other costs, cable costs, and sources of error are not required. Also known below is a gas discharge lamp which is an integrated gas discharge lamp 5 which is integrated as a whole to operate the circuitry required in the lamp itself so that the lamp can be directly connected to a conventional power source. The lamp igniter 50 is fixed by a metal clip 52. The metal clip 52 is mounted on the four fixing pieces 53. The fixing piece 53 is cast or sprayed in the socket 70. The lamp holder 70 is preferably made of plastic and is formed by a spray casting method or a casting method. In order to improve the electrical shielding, the plastic of the socket 70 can be electrically conductive or coated with a metal layer. It is particularly advantageous if the metal layer of the lamp holder is located on the outside side, i.e., on one side away from the ignition-and-operation circuit 910, 920. In addition to the gold 201031273 genus layer, the metal conductor or metal may be woven into a conductive film located in the wall of the socket 70. If the plastic of the metal layer is applied, the plastic lamp holder must be enclosed by a conductive outer casing made of, for example, metal. This iron or non-ferrous metal, for example, aluminum, magnesium or brass. The 〇-ring is located on the igniter side 71 of the conductive housing 72 to seal the reflector. With this measure, φ can be constructed without having to completely mount the lamp to the outside of a compact headlight lamp, so that the ignition-and cooling in the lamp holder can be greatly improved and the gas discharge can be improved compared with conventional builders. The lamp 5 is mounted in a tight headlight for cooling convection. The above-mentioned compact headlights are approximately static heat blocking, which greatly increases the temperature of the operating circuit. In the previous embodiment the lamp was in a separate chamber (e.g., a motor chamber) on this side. The socket 70 terminates from the base plate 74 away from the ' tower. The socket plate 74 is preferably constructed of thermally or electrically conductive aluminum or magnesium. In order to form a desired connection with the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 on the side of the conductive housing 72 from the side of the lamp igniter 50 722', it forms a desired connection. The technology, the lamp igniter 50, the ignition circuit 910 and the operationally connected to the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 are interconnected. The material is sputtered to form a conductive plastic that is not used - a kind of conductive material (for example the metal can be corrosion resistant to a sealing ring 71 (also known as the terminal, the sealing ring is tight in the headlight system, because the lamp is located in operation) The circuit 910, 920 is simplified, in which the air that can only be weakly stopped in the conventional configuration determines a good material (for example, an electrical connection, on the side of the I igniter 50 far from the light emitting face in the previous embodiment, When the outer portion has a plurality of connecting plates, the lamp holder plate 74 is connected to the base plate 74. The circuit 920 can be used for the manufacture of the motor vehicle. At the time of the P gas installation and the same Η and An Shao does not set up in the final installation of 5 sets of the light for the installation. The operation of the electricity is made by the less than the body, the most complex is the phase The risk is that the small one is at risk of being a big mistake in this kind of C. This is the same as the other, and the system is the same as that of the system. Side but} and the construction of the lamp with the lamp version, such as the owner of the motor vehicle) The advantage is that, compared to conventional techniques, this reduced complexity greatly simplifies the replacement of defective integrated gas discharge lamps and allows faster replacement rates, which simplifies the debugging process and requires only lamp replacement. Less knowledge and ability. The omission of cables and connectors between components results in reduced cost, increased reliability and reduced weight. The base plate is preferably made of aluminum or magnesium. This is mechanical. And electrically a cost-effective variant of the high-priced crucible. At least the electrically conductive connection between the surface-conducting lamp holder 70 or the outer casing 72 and the equally electrically conductive base plate 74 is desirable for good electromagnetic shielding. This shielding prevents interference from adjacent motor modules or electronic modules. Moreover, this shielding ensures that the modules do not adversely affect the function of the ignition-and operation circuit 9 1 0, 920. The socket plate 74 A sealing ring 73 is disposed between the socket 70 and the socket 70 to ensure a waterproof and air-proof connection between the socket 70 and the socket plate 74. In another embodiment, the socket 70 and the base plate must be formed. 74, make these two components One or more contact points are present between the electrically conductive outer casing 72 and the base plate 74 at the snap-fit position so that the electrical shield can be well maintained. Also, the lamp holder and the lamp A sealing ring is disposed between the seat plates to ensure the sealing of the lamp holder -11-201031273 on the side away from the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Two faces are arranged in the interior of the lamp holder 70 to accommodate The ignition-and operation circuit. The smaller first face is closest to the lamp igniter 50 and houses an ignition circuit 910 having an ignition transformer 80. The construction of the ignition transformer 8A will be described later. The operating circuit 920 required to operate the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is accommodated. The ignition-and operation circuitry can be moved to each suitable form of circuit board. Conventional circuit boards, metal core circuit boards, circuit boards made with LTCC technology, oxidized or coated metal sheets made of thin-layer technology, made with MID or MID hot pressing technology or other possible technologies Plastic circuit boards are suitable for making temperature-resistant boards. The electronic component and the components forming the ignition-and operation circuit are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the two circuit boards and in the interior. In the first figure, other electronic components or components are not shown outside the transformer 80 for the sake of clarity. As long as the circuit board of the ignition circuit 910 and the circuit board of the operation circuit 920 are made of the same material, each circuit board can be manufactured with the same benefit. A bridge can be provided between the boards that acts as an electrical connection between the boards when being divided and mounted into the socket 70. For example, a single wire, ribbon wire or fixed/flexible circuit can be used as a bridge. Therefore, an electrical connection between the two circuit boards must be formed to facilitate thermal expansion (especially thermal cycling stress), and the change in distance between the two boards of the ignition-and operation circuit can be undamaged. Was overcome. Thus, a wire of sufficient length and space can be provided within the outer casing. Alternatively, one or more pin-and bushing strips may be used which are measured and configured to allow thermal expansion in the longitudinal direction of the gas discharge lamp igniter of the two boards and in all cases An electrical connection is ensured. Thus, the pin of the -12-201031273 pin is configured, for example, perpendicular to the surface of the respective circuit board, and the lead length of the bushing is required so that the bushing can be used for the path of each pin. The path required is still long. The circuit board for the ignition circuit 910 has an electrically conductive shielding surface facing one of the operating circuits such that interference in the ignition circuit due to the erbium voltage is as far as possible from the operating circuit. In a metal circuit board or a gold core circuit board, the shield surface already exists. In other circuit boards, φ is a copper surface or the like mounted on the side. If a metal core plate is used, the ignition transformer 80 can also be cooled, which is subjected to a particularly high thermal load due to its proximity to the body discharge lamp igniter 50. The electrically conductive shield between the ignition 910 and the operating circuit 920 can alternatively be formed from a sheet that is mounted between the two boards and that can be coupled to the electrically conductive outer casing 72. If the shielding surface is also used to cool the pressure vessel 80, it is advantageous if the gold foil is thermally bonded to the electrically conductive outer casing 72, for example by means of a thermally conductive foil or paste. ® The circuit board 920 is sandwiched between the lamp holder 70 and the base plate. The circuit board for the operating circuit 920 has annular grounding conductor tracks (so-called grounding rings) on its upper side, respectively, which are electrically conductively connected to one another by contact. Each contact hole is generally referred to as a through hole and is a contact hole that extends through the plate. The grounding ring forms an electrical contact area to the socket plate 74 by the clamping action of the socket 70 and the socket plate 74, which ensures that the operating circuit 920 can be guided by the connecting plate 722. The outer casing 72 forms a ground connection. Measuring the better circuit than the core made on the side of the circuit, the gas circuit is made of gold and the heat of the heat conduction 74 and the lower hole and the circuit is electrically connectable - 13 - 201031273 Figure 2 shows the integration in the first embodiment An exploded view of the mechanical components of the gas discharge lamp 5. The base is square, but in principle the base can have a variety of other suitable forms. Other forms that are particularly advantageous are circular, hexagonal, octagonal or rectangular. In order to determine the form of this form, the outer shape of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is cut through the outer casing containing the circuit and the formed profile is viewed, with the circle on the edge of the casing negligible. Thus, in the first embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, I form two squares depending on whether the selected slice is closer to the ignition circuit 910 or closer to the override circuit 920. The first embodiment is thus an embodiment relating to a square. The first outer shape formed adjacent the ignition circuit 910 is smaller than the second outer shape, which is related to the size of the circuit board of the ignition circuit 910 being smaller than the size of the operation circuit board 920. However, this need not be the case and the implementations in the two profiles have the same rating and therefore only show a single profile. Also, the two geometric forms of the shape do not have to be the same in different regions. In particular, a small circular shape in the region of the ignition circuit and a large hexagonal shape in the region of the operating circuit are shown in a particularly advantageous embodiment. As described above, the circuit board for the operation circuit 920 is sandwiched between the socket 70 and the socket plate 74. The seal ring 73 is located between the socket 70 and the socket plate 74 like the circuit board for the operation circuit 920 and is disposed outside the circuit board for the operation circuit 920. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 of the present invention in the second embodiment. The second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment, so that only the difference from the first embodiment is described -14-201031273. In the second embodiment, the ignition circuit 910 and the operation circuit 920 are disposed on a circuit board in a common plane to become the total operation circuit 93 0. By such a measure, the socket of the gas discharge lamp 5 of the present invention can be formed relatively flat, which also allows a headlight using the gas discharge lamp 5 to exhibit a small depth. The ignition transformer 80 is located at the center below the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The center point of the ignition transformer 80 is preferably located in the longitudinal axis of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. A current lead for the gas discharge lamp igniter electrode of the lamp holder extends inwardly into the central portion of the ignition transformer. The ignition transformer is not mounted on the circuit board but is located remotely from the end of the gas discharge lamp igniter at approximately the same height as the side of the circuit board remote from the gas discharge lamp igniter. The circuit board of the total operation circuit 93 0 is vacated at this position so that the ignition transformer 80 can be inserted into the circuit board of the total operation circuit 93 0 . In order to improve the electromagnetic compatibility, the outer casing can be provided with a plurality of walls and chambers by means of strips of aluminum or molybdenum metal, and thus different circuit components can be electrically connected to each other - and to the environment - Magnetic - and electromagnetic shielding. This shielding can also be achieved by other measures, particularly in the sputtering and casting process, in which the cavity is formed in the socket plate 74 and in the socket 70. The hollow region (especially on the periphery of the ignition transformer 80 and on both sides of the total operation circuit 930) held inside the casing of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is interposed with a potting substance. This has various advantages, so it can prevent arcing caused by electrical arcing, especially by the high voltage generated by the ignition transformer, and ensure that each circuit can be well heat-discharged, and can form a mechanical function. -15- 201031273 Strong The unit is well resistant to the effects of special environments such as 'moisture and high acceleration.' In particular, in order to reduce the weight, only a part of it can be poured, for example, only in the area of the ignition transformer 80. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 of the present invention in a third embodiment. The third embodiment is similar to the first embodiment' and therefore only describes differences from the first embodiment. In the third embodiment, the socket plate 74 is provided with cooling ribs on the outer side. The socket 70 and the electrically conductive outer casing 72 may also be provided with cooling ribs, respectively. In addition, the function of the circuit board of the operating circuit 920 is also achieved by the lamp holder plate, because the lamp holder plate has a non-conducting region on its inner side, for example, an area composed of anodized aluminum. Conductive structures (e.g., conductive tracks made in a thick layer technique) are electrically conductively coupled to components of the overall operational circuit, such as by soldering. By this measure, the operating circuit 920 can be cooled particularly well' because it is mounted directly on a heat sink. Preferably, the cooling ribs are formed to facilitate natural convection in the assembled position of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. If the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is to be operated in different assembly positions, the surface for cooling can also be formed correspondingly and, for example, by circular, hexagonal square or rectangular fingers so that it can be used in multiple A natural convection is made in the spatial direction. As in the first embodiment, the ignition circuit 910 seeks space on the circuit board above it and is electrically connected to the operation circuit 920 by appropriate measures. This can be achieved by spring contact or plug contact, but can also be achieved by a conductive rail extending in the socket or a conductive rail cast on the inside of the socket, each conductor rail being associated with the ignition circuit 910 and the operation - 16- 201031273 The circuit 920 is connected. Figure 9 is a perspective view of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 of the present invention in the fourth embodiment. The fourth embodiment is similar to the second embodiment, and therefore only the differences from the second embodiment will be described. In the fourth embodiment, the base plate 74 is realized by a metal core circuit board which is on the inner side and thus is arranged on one side as in the previous embodiment. However, the base plate 74 is not a plate like the one shown in Fig. 4 but a lamp holder cup having a highly stretched side wall. For the sake of clarity, the base plate is also referred to as a lamp holder cup. The lamp holder cup is also composed of a material that conducts heat well. A particularly suitable material is a metal alloy which can be deformed well, for example by deep drawing. Also suitable materials are thermally conductive plastics which can be introduced into a mold by sputtering. In the present embodiment, the socket 70 having the reference ring 702 and the reference section 703 is formed by a hexagonal plate, the igniter in the interior of the reference ring being calibrated and fixed on the socket 70. The socket cup houses the total operating circuit 93 0 which seeks space on a particular circuit board or on the inner bottom of the lamp holder cup. The plug contact area is mounted on the current conductors 56 and 57 of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 and is coupled to the corresponding opposing contact area of the lamp holder cup when forming the socket cup and the socket 70 to form a reliable contact. If the socket cup and socket 70 are made of metal, the two components can be joined by a bead like a coffee box or can. However, as shown in Fig. 9, it is also possible to form only a plurality of connecting plates of the socket cup on the socket to form a mechanically and electrically good connection. However, in order to form a joint, a conventional welding and welding method can also be used. -17- 201031273 If the lamp holder cup and the base 70 are made of plastic, the connection is preferably achieved by ultrasonic welding. This results in a reliable and fixed connection which also achieves an electrically conductive connection when the plastic is electrically conductive. However, this connection can also be achieved by appropriate fastening, in which case a suitable fastening nose or notch is provided on the socket cup or socket 70. In the following, the diameter (D) and height (h) of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 are defined broadly independent of the geometry for use in the simpler description. The height (h) of the integrated gas discharge lamp refers to the reference surface (described in more detail below) to the maximum distance of the socket plate (74) away from the outer side of the lamp. By diameter (D) is meant the longest path in the interior of the integrated gas discharge lamp in any plane, wherein the plane extends parallel to the reference plane. The following table shows several geometric data of different forms of the fourth embodiment shown in Fig. 9 of the gas discharge lamp 5: __ diameter length or height volume mass D/h A.50 watts - lamp 1 〇〇 35 275 510 2.86 B.35 watt-light 1〇〇25 196 178 4.00 C.25 watt-light, standard deformation 70 25 99 139 2.80 D.18 watt-light, hyperplane deformation 100 15 120 168 6.67 E.45 watt-light , coffee box deformation 40 50 63 52 0.80 F.7 watt-light, used in flashlight 40 35 44 36 1.14 The different forms of electrical power shown in the table 7 watts to 50 watts is related to the standardized electrical power of the gas discharge lamp igniter . Here, different geometric forms and data of the same construction of the gas discharge lamp igniter are used. -18- 201031273 It can be seen from Fig. 4 that the sockets of the integrated electric lamp 5 in the second and fourth embodiments have a hexagonal form, so that the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can be well joined to each other. Location. On the other hand, the integrated total operating electrical circuit board can be used to produce a smaller (cut) piece of material and thus cost effective. By means of the planar arrangement of the lamp holders, a headlight can be formed, which is advantageous in particular in modern motor vehicles. The form of the φ hexagonal shape has the disadvantage of having all of the circular forms of the preferred circular form in this application. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, one of the contact regions 210, 220 of the lamp holder 70 in the radial direction projects toward the gas discharge lamp in the radial direction and protrudes outwardly from the socket. Each contact zone is used to electrically contact the integrated lamp 5 with the headlight. Each contact zone is sprinkled by the manufacture of the '1 plastic-sputter cast-cast method. This eliminates the need for a special plug system, but still ensures the ® and hermetic encapsulation as described above. Figure 5 shows the interface between the head 3/integrated gas discharge lamp 5. In the second embodiment, the gas discharge lamp 5 has a special surface, whereby electric power can be supplied to the gas discharge lamp 5. The functional interface is used to insert the gas discharge lamp 5 into the headlight. The body discharge lamp 5 is not only mechanically connectable to the headlight 3 but also electrically connected. Interfaces of this type are also used in today's automotive incandescent lamps and are marketed by the company Osram under the trade name "Snap Lite". When inserted into the special way 930, there may be a point where the short-point symmetry is better but the side is not on the side, and the electrical properties of the water-repellent surface which are advantageous when the gas of the type 50 is placed on the 70-seat 70 When the electricity is formed, the gas can be sold as a halogen of the headlight. If the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is inserted into the reflector or the headlight from -19 to 201031273, all the mechanical and electrical contact areas required for the regular operation during the insertion process must be in the headlights. The existing opposing contact areas are connected. The socket 70 has a section 703 protruding from a reference ring 702 at its interface to the headlight 3, which defines a reference plane. The detail map is shown in Figure 7. The three sections are positioned on the corresponding counters of the headlights 3 when the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is inserted. The electrode or discharge arc of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is adjusted for the reference surface in the process of the integrated gas discharge φ lamp 5. Thus, the arc of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 occupies a defined position in the reflector when the lamp 5 is inserted into the headlight, which can result in accurate optical imaging. In the second embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, the "insertion to the headlight" is inserted through the bottom of the reflector of the headlight 3 by the connecting plate 704 protruding laterally from the reference ring. Achieved. Then, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is rotated relative to the reflector 33, and the segment 703 (which is mounted on the side of the socket side of the connecting plate 704) then pulls the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 inwardly and at At the end of the rotation®, snap into the reference plane on the reflector base. The seal ring 71 is thus compressed and the system is stopped under stress so that the section 703 is stressed against the reference surface present in the reflector base. Thus, the position of the discharge arc of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can be accurately adjusted for the reflector 33 and the position is fixed. The high repeatability of the mechanical positioning in all three spatial directions of the headlight interface described above is better than 0_1 mm to achieve an optically superior headlight system. Such a headlight system can be used in particular in motor vehicles, after such a headlight system has shown a significant and perfectly defined brightness_dark_-20-201031273 boundary in a suitable form. A suitable headlight 3 thus has a light-guiding element in the form of a reflector 33, a receiving area for the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, and a carrier part 35, wherein a terminal element is arranged on the carrier part, which is provided with the integrated gas The opposing contact areas required for the electrical contact regions 210, 220, 230, 240 of the discharge lamp 5. The electrical contact regions 210, 220, 230, 240 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 project in the radial direction from the longitudinal axis of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 and protrude from the socket 70. Each contact zone is used to supply electrical energy to the total operational circuit 93 0 . After the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is mounted in the headlight by the mounting process, the contact areas 210, 220, 230, 240 are disposed in the slits 351, 352 of the terminal member 35, as shown in FIG. Shown, wherein the installation process is related to the plug movement performed after the right-rotation movement. The slits 351, 352 refer to the slits required for the opposite contact regions 350 of the contact regions 210, 220, 230, 240 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, which were used in the prior art in the headlights. The plug of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 in contact with the connecting cable can be omitted. The electrical contact area of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, in particular when it is inserted into the headlight, can be brought into direct contact with the opposite contact zone 350 of the terminal element on the carrier part 35. The mechanical load of the electrical terminal is lowered by a freely swingable cable. In addition, the number of connecting cables required in each headlamp can be reduced and the risk of errors in the process can be reduced. Moreover, the above measures can achieve a higher degree of automation in the process of the headlights, because fewer cables are required to be installed. In the prior art, all of the light sources in the headlights were supplied with energy by means of a plug that was plugged into the socket and provided with a connecting cable. However, the headlight of the present invention connects the existing power supply contact area of the headlight to the onboard power supply voltage, which is sufficient to supply energy to the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. The lamp in the headlight is powered by the power contact area of the headlight, which is achieved by the cable in the headlight. The cable of the headlight 3 or the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can thus be greatly simplified. Another form of mechanical adjustment is shown in the first embodiment of the lamp in Figures 1 and 2. Here, a plurality of segments 7〇3 are disposed on the side of the reference ring 702^ facing the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 <In this form, the climbing 703 is located on a corresponding opposite surface on the back side of the reflector to define the position of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 for the reflector 33. The integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is pressed against the reference surface of the reflector 33 from the rear. However, this form has the disadvantage that the tolerance of the position between the inside of the optically effective reflector and the reference surface on the back of the reflector must be accurate to achieve an accurate optical imaging effect. The system of the headlight interface of the second embodiment is also suitable for a more simplified cable connection in modern ® automotive systems. Therefore, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 has contact areas 230, 240 in addition to the two electrical contact areas 210, 22, thereby being in communication with the onboard circuitry of the motor vehicle. The terminal element 35 has two slits 351, 352 each having an opposing contact area. In another embodiment not shown, there are only three electrical contact areas on the lamp, two of which are used to supply the electrical power of the lamp, and a circuit-input terminal is also called a remote-enable-connection. The foot, by means of the pin, allows the lamp to be switched on or off with little or no power by means of the onboard circuitry of the motor vehicle. -22- 201031273 ± $ %nap Lite" - In addition to the advantage of not having to replace the electrical terminal, 'there are the following advantages: The stomach' lamp is only supplied with power when it is in a specific position in the headlight 'so' The current wire 57 of the gas discharge lamp igniter 5 away from the lamp holder is only contacted when the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is safely operated from the outside. • In the environment with such a high pressure discharge lamp The safety is thus greatly improved. By simply installing the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 into the head φ lamp 3, the end customer can replace the lamp. Thus, the integrated customer's integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is cost-effective. Advantageously, this is because it is not necessary to find a working chamber when replacing the lamp. Also, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is inserted into the reflector 33, whereby the lamp can be grounded to the headlight housing. This can be done, for example, by The spring strip is fixed on the reflector 33 and connected to the ground potential of the motor vehicle. When the lamp is inserted into the headlight, the spring strip will be electrically conductive with the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. Surface of the outer shell Contacting and forming an electrical connection between the motor vehicle ground and the internal ground of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 or the grounding shield can be achieved, for example, on the side wall or front side of the outer casing 72. In this case, the grounding connection is achieved by the electrically conductive sealing ring 71. If the outer surface of the outer casing is not electrically conductive or is not fully conductive, the spring strips are in contact with the contact surface on the outer surface of the outer surface of the integrated gas discharge lamp. The contact surface may form an electrically conductive connection to the internal ground of the integrated gas discharge lamp or to the ground shield. A fifth embodiment having a conventional interface to a headlight is shown in the figure -23-201031273 31 Here, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and the reference surface 702 are pressed by a fixing clip 705 on the corresponding opposite surface of the headlight receiving area. The integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is electrically connected to the headlight in a conventional manner. The fixed retainer 70 5 is used to connect the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 to the reference surface 702 on the receiving area in the headlight, and thus accurately set the optical system of the headlight The orientation of the electrode. The electrode 504 of the igniter 50 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 has to be adjusted for the reference surface 702 in the process of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. The arc of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is at the reflector 33. It occupies a certain position, which can achieve accurate optical imaging. By the spring action of the fixing clip 705, the imaging can be ensured under complicated conditions (for example, vibrations occurring in the headlight of a motor vehicle). The fixing clip is hooked on the headlight side into a guiding slot 7051, and the fixing clip is fixed in the guiding slot, but can be easily taken out from the guiding slot when the lamp is replaced. The fixing clip 705 is at the bottom. The side is joined to the base plate 74 by two ridges 705 3. However, the retaining clip 705 may also not have ridges and thus be positioned on the ribs of the base plate. By means of the fifth embodiment of the gas discharge lamp 5 of the invention, a simple and cost-effective engagement of the headlight is achieved, which in no way limits the positioning accuracy in the optical system of the headlight. Ignition of the transformer Hereinafter, the construction of the ignition transformer of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 will be described in detail. Fig. 10 shows a perspective view of the ignition transformer 80 of the first embodiment, wherein the ignition transformer 80 has a square planar form. However, other embodiments are also possible in which the ignition transformer 80 can have a circular shape, a -24-201031273 hexagon, an octagon or other suitable form. Other embodiments will be described in further detail below. By form is meant herein the form of the base of the outer dimensions of the prismatic shape of the ignition transformer, wherein the circles on each edge are negligible. In a particularly advantageous embodiment shown here, the prism has a small height, which is in particular less than 1/3 of the diagonal or diameter of the geometric form forming the base surface. The ignition transformer 80 has a ferrite body. (F err it) core 81 consisting of a first • ferrite core half 811 and the same second ferrite core half 812. The ignition transformer 80 has a plurality of outwardly facing connecting plates 868, 869 on the sides for mechanically securing the ignition transformer 80. Figure 11 shows a perspective view of the upper portion of the ignition transformer where the main winding and the second ferrite core halves 812 are not visible. The first ferrite core half 811 is composed of square side walls. The half cylinder 8110 is inwardly directed from the center and protrudes from the side walls. The inner side of the side wall 8 1 1 2 of the square has an elongated recess 81121 extending outwardly inwardly on the side facing the winding. The ignition transformer 80 is led to the impregnating varnish or potting material after completion of the high voltage insulation. By these notches, the impregnating varnish or the potting substance can be intruded into the ignition transformer 80 from the outside to the inside to uniformly wet the entire winding of the ignition transformer 80. On the outer edge between the two ferrite core halves 811, 812 there is a main winding 86 which is formed by a punched bend formed by a strip. The strip is preferably made of a non-ferrous metal such as 'copper, brass or bronze. The -25-201031273 strip is preferably elastic and deformable. Main winding 86 is essentially a long strip that extends outwardly between the two ferrite core halves 811 ' 812. The primary winding 86 extends in the first form by only one winding ' via the three corners of the ignition transformer 80, the fourth corner being open. The strip of the main winding 86 is thus a three-quarter winding around the shape of the ignition transformer, and a small component terminates before the fourth corner, respectively. The strip of the main winding 86 has the above-mentioned connecting plates 866' 867' 868 and 869 which are mounted in the lateral direction of the strip. The four connecting plates are used to mechanically fix the ignition transformer 80, which can Soldering on the circuit board of the ignition circuit 910 to form a flat SMD-connector or soldering flag. However, each of the connecting plates may have another 90 degree-bend, wherein each of the connecting plates is inserted through the circuit board of the ignition circuit 910 and rotated or welded on the other side, as shown in Fig. 12. The two ends of the strip of main winding 86 are bent outwardly at a radius of about 180 degrees such that the ends are again directed from the fourth corner to the outside. In Fig. 12, the two ends are outwardly bent to approximately 90 degrees and the radius is represented by 8 62 0 or 8 640. Attached to the outer ends of the strip are a laterally projecting connecting plates 862, 864 for electrical contact. Another embodiment of the two webs 862, 864 is shown in Fig. 12. By the soft strip zone formed by the 180 degree range of the radius of 8620 or 8 640, the stress caused by the temperature variation in the connection between the main winding and the board can be absorbed. Each of the connecting plates is preferably soldered to the circuit board of the ignition circuit 910 like an SMD-component. By the 180 degree bending of the above-mentioned strip, the above-mentioned mechanical stress is not applied to the welding position, and the fracture of the welding position - and the risk of fatigue - -26 - 201031273 are greatly reduced. Another embodiment of the webs 862, 864 has an additional 270 radius in the web itself which, in the assembled state, can further reduce mechanical stress. In the center of the hollow cylindrical interior of the ferrite core is mounted a contact body 85 which makes electrical contact between the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 and the secondary winding 87 (not shown). The contact body 87 is formed by an arcuate piece which is connected to a current lead 56 of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 which is adjacent to the socket. The contact body 85 has two cap faces on its distal end remote from the igniter to contact the high pressure discharge lamp electrode. Preferably, the contact body 85 has two top cover faces 851 and 852 on two facing sides away from the end of the igniter, which are inclined to each other in the form of a saddle roof, and the contact body 85 is formed at The ends of the two cap faces are in contact with each other such that the current wires 56 of the high pressure gas discharge lamp igniter 50 are collectively clamped. Here, the two top cover faces 851 and 852 are provided with a V-shaped contour on the end where the two top cover faces are in contact. However, this profile is also circular or otherwise processed. At the time of installation, the current lead 56 is inserted through the contact body 85 and reaches a predetermined state, and then preferably soldered to the contact body 85 by laser. Figure 12 shows a perspective view of the lower portion of the ignition transformer. Figure 12 also shows a second ferrite core half 812 which is identical in form to the first ferrite core half 811 and also consists of a square side wall 8122 with a half hollow cylinder 8120 centered inwardly The side wall 8122 protrudes. The inner side of the square side wall 8122 has an elongated recess 81 221 extending from the outside to the inside. -27- 201031273 It can be seen from Fig. 12 that the contact body 85 is adjacent to one side of the igniter, and has a hexagonal open form and a through current lead 56. If the two halves are combined, a hollow cylinder can be formed inside, in which the contact body is mounted. The ferrite core 81 has the form of a clay belt- or film reel after combination, and the shape is not a circle but a square having a rounded corner. On the first corner, the ignition transformer has a first back iron-ferrite 81 4 . The second and third corners are also provided with a second back iron-ferrite 815 and a third back iron-ferrite 816. The three back iron-ferrites are held by the main winding 86. Here, the strip of the main winding 86 has cylindrical cylindrical members 861, 863 and 865 on the three corners, with the back iron-ferrites 814 to 816 interposed therebetween. The three back iron-ferrites 814 to 816 are reliably held in place by elastically deformable materials during production. The back iron-ferrite is the magnetic back iron of the ignition transformer 80, whereby the magnetic field lines are held in the magnet material and there is no interference outside the ignition transformer. This in turn increases the efficiency of the ignition transformer, and in particular the achievable ignition 〇 voltage increases much. Figure 13 is a perspective view of the lower portion of the ignition transformer 80 with a visible secondary winding 87' disposed in the second ferrite core half 812 of the ignition transformer 80. The secondary winding 87 is composed of an insulating metal strip wound around a ferrite core in the form of a film reel like a film having a predetermined number of windings, wherein the end for guiding the high voltage is located inside, through the The ferrite core in the form of a film reel is electrically connected to the contact body 85. The insulating layer may be applied to the metal strip on all sides, but the insulating layer -28-201031273 may also be formed of an insulating foil which, together with the metal strip, is preferably wider than the metal strip to ensure sufficient The insulating box must therefore be wound with an insulating foil so that it lies in the insulating foil, thus forming a spiral-shaped gap in the winding body, which is impregnated with impregnating lacquer or cast material and thus can be Wrapped into excellent insulation. The secondary winding 87 is connected at its inner end 871 contact 85 for guiding the high voltage. The secondary winding 87 is used to direct the low voltage 8:72 to the main winding 86. The connections can be formed by soldering, which is suitably connected. In this embodiment, the fusion bonding is achieved. Preferably, each of the ends is applied with two portions of the solder joints to be electrically connected to each other. The inner sound of the secondary winding 87 is sandwiched by two hollow cylindrical halves 8110 of the ferrite core 81. The outer ends 8 7 of the secondary windings 87 are thus connected at their ends such that the winding direction 86 of the secondary windings 87 is reversed. However, depending on the demand, the outer end of the secondary box is also. It can be connected to the outer end of the main winding 86 so that the winding directions of the secondary winding are the same. Hereinafter, the diameter and height of the ignition transformer 80 in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 are defined broadly with respect to the geometry of the ferrite core regardless of the size of the ferrite, for the purpose of simply describing the height of the transformer. The distance between the faces of the two side walls away from the winding is close to twice the thickness and winding of a side wall. Absolute distance. The center of gold. Or the group of 8 7 is welded to the external end of the joint or connected to the thunder, which will be the second β end 871 8120 and consists of the main winding and the main winding i group 8 7 . The main winding and I are under the base that has been installed ^. The so-called point two outer group width -29- 201031273 formed sum (sum). The diameter of the ignition transformer 80, in the form of a side wall, refers to the longest path in the interior of one of the two side walls | wherein the path lies in any plane that extends parallel to the outer surface of the respective side wall. In a particularly advantageous form, the ferrite core of the ignition transformer has a height of 8 mm and a diameter of 26 mm. Each side wall has a diameter of 26 mm and a thickness of 2 mm, and the central core has 11. The diameter of 5 mm and the height of φ are 6 mm. The secondary winding consists of 42 Kapton foil windings with a foil width of 5. 5 mm and a thickness of 55 microns. A copper layer of 4 mm wide and 35 μm thick concentrated in the longitudinal direction was applied to the foil. In another particularly advantageous form, the secondary winding is wound from two spaced apart overlapping foils using 75 micron thick copper foil and 50 micron thick Kapton foil. In both forms, the secondary winding is electrically conductively coupled to a main winding comprising a winding. The main winding is controlled by a pulse generating unit comprising a spark gap of 800 volts. ® Fig. 14 is an exploded view of the ignition transformer 80 in the second embodiment. Since the second embodiment of the ignition transformer 8 is similar to the first embodiment, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described below. The ignition transformer 80 of the second embodiment has a circular form similar to that in a film reel. By way of a circular shape, the back iron-ferrites 814 to 816 are not required, and the main winding 86 has a relatively simple form. The laterally projecting connecting plate for mechanically fixing the transformer is here constituted by an SMD-connecting plate having a bending of 270 degrees to protect the respective welding positions so as not to be affected by the large -30-201031273. Mechanical stress. The two connecting plates 862, 864 for electrical contact are constructed in the same manner and are disposed around the ignition transformer 80 in the radial direction. The ferrite core 82 of the second embodiment is constructed in three parts and has a hollow cylindrical central core 821 which is closed at both ends by a circular plate 822. The circular plate 822 is located in the center of the hollow cylinder 821, thus forming the above-described film reel form. The hollow cylinder has a slit 823 (not visible in the drawing) so as to pass through the inside of the secondary winding to the inside of the hollow cylinder. Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the ignition transformer 80 in the second embodiment. Here, the structure of the ferrite 81 can be well stretched. The slit 823 can also be recognized in this figure, whereby the inner end of the secondary winding 87 can be penetrated. Fig. 16 is an exploded view of the ignition transformer in the third embodiment, showing a two-winding main winding. Since the third embodiment is very similar to the second embodiment, only the differences from the second embodiment will be described below. In the third embodiment, the main winding of the ignition transformer 80 has two windings. The metal strip of the main winding group 86 thus surrounds the ignition transformer twice. A connecting plate is further mounted on the two ends to form electrical contact with the ignition transformer 80, and each of the connecting plates is formed in an SMD-form. The connecting plate for mechanically fixing the ignition transformer 80 in this embodiment is not required. The ignition transformer 80 must therefore be additionally mechanically fixed. This can be achieved, for example, by clamping the ignition transformer 80, as shown in Figure 3. The ignition transformer 80 is clamped between the socket 70 and the socket plate 74. The base plate 74 thus has a base plate dome 741 which is a projection on the base plate and which is pressed against the ignition transformer 80 in the mounted state. The advantage of this configuration is that the ignition transformer -31 - 201031273 80 can be well drained. The ignition transformer 80 becomes very hot during operation due to its proximity to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. By the well-conducting socket plate 74, a portion of the heat entering the ignition transformer 80 from the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is again discharged to cause the ignition transformer 80 to be effectively cooled. Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the ignition transformer 80 in the third embodiment, showing a two-winding main winding. This cut-out diagram shows the core structure of the ferrite core φ 82 well. Like the second embodiment, the ferrite core 82 is composed of three parts, i.e., consisting of a central core 824 and two plates 825, 826. The central core 824 is also hollow cylindrical and has a fitting 827 on one end that grips in a circular section of the first plate 825 and secures the first plate to the central core 824. The second plate 826 also has a circular section having an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the central core 824. The second plate is plugged onto the central core and thus fixed after the secondary winding and the main winding are mounted. The second plate is plugged until it is located on the secondary winding to achieve as much magnetic flux as possible in the ignition transformer 80. Asymmetric ignition pulse wave The operation mode of the ignition device of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 will be described below. Figure 18a is a connection diagram of an asymmetrical pulse ignitor in the prior art. In an asymmetric igniter, the ignition transformer TIP is coupled to one of the wires of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 (here represented by an equivalent circuit diagram). This results in an ignition pulse that produces a voltage in the "direction" from the ground reference -32-201031273, where the ground reference potential is in most cases associated with the gas discharge lamp igniter A wire is connected; thus, a voltage pulse that is positive to the ground reference potential is generated or a voltage pulse that is negative to the ground reference potential is generated. The mode of action of the asymmetric pulse wave igniter is also known and will not be described here. The asymmetrical voltage is applied to a lamp with a lamp holder on one side, since the ignition voltage is applied only to one of the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp burner. Thus, the electrode close to the lamp holder is usually chosen, Φ because it is not accessible and therefore does not create a dangerous potential for humans in improper use. A voltage that is dangerous to humans is not applied to a normally open return conductor, so that a lamp operated with an asymmetric igniter ensures a certain degree of safety. However, an asymmetrical igniter has the disadvantage of applying a complete ignition voltage to the electrodes of the gas discharge lamp. Therefore, losses due to corona discharge and other high voltage related effects will increase. This means that only a portion of the generated ignition voltage can be effectively applied to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Thus, a high ignition voltage should be generated when needed, which is laborious and expensive. Figure 18b is a connection diagram of a prior art symmetrical pulse igniter. The symmetrical pulse igniter has an ignition transformer TIP whose two secondary windings together form a magnetic coupling with the main winding. The two secondary windings must be oriented such that the voltages produced by the two secondary windings are summed on the lamp. Thus, this voltage is divided into approximately half on the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp. As described above, the loss caused by corona discharge and other parasitic effects will therefore decrease. The reason for the higher ignition voltage in symmetrical pulse ignition is that it will only be clear when the parasitic capacitance is considered in more detail. The larger component or even the largest component of the lamp equivalent electrical capacitance CLa of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 in Fig. 18b is caused not by the lamp but by the connection between the lamp and the ignition unit, for example. However, the parasitic capacitance includes not only the conductor to the conductor but also the parasitic capacitance between the conductor and the environment. If the description of the simple energy storage begins, the parasitic capacitance between the two conductors or between the two electrodes of φ can be combined into CLa, 2, as shown. The parasitic capacitance present between the conductor and the environment is modeled by Ct. In the following, the potential of the environment (e.g., the outer casing) is fixed and represented by the ground symbol, as this does not have to be the same as the low voltage PE or PEN. Again, it should be symmetrical, so start with =. The parasitic capacitance of the lamp becomes CLa, 2+l/2 CLa, l depending on the expansion. Asymmetric pulse ignition and symmetrical pulse ignition are evident when considering that the converter and the ignition unit have ® relative to the environment. Some of this is deliberately improved (for example, the power supply often wants to be compared to the parasitic capacitance of the lamp considered above with respect to the environment and therefore can be started when considering the ignition of the circuit at the ambient potential. When the voltage UW is ignored, the asymmetry In the case of ignition ~ CLa, 2 is charged to the ignition voltage. Conversely, in the case of symmetrical ignition, the charge is applied to the ignition voltage and CLa > 1 and CLa, 3 are respectively charged to the half point. Under the assumption of a symmetrical structure, ie, Considering the road. The transmission of the lamp itself is caused by the parasitic capacitance of the lamp wire, which is formed by the concept of the concentrated gas discharge lamp in the 1st and 8th b-a, 1 and C la, 3 space. Equivalent electric has different parasitic capacitance will become S waver) and the flux is much larger, and T 1 CL a,1 and 1 by different points, cLa, 2 one of the burning voltages CLa,3, then at -34- 201031273 When the symmetrical pulse is ignited, the energy required to charge the parasitic capacitance is less than that in the case of asymmetry. In the extreme case > CLa, 2, in comparison with the 18th figure, the ignition unit of the l8a diagram consumes almost twice the energy. The other advantage of symmetrical ignition is that the insulation required for the environment is small. This is due to the voltage generated and U[S()1,2 only one-half of the voltage UIs()1 generated by asymmetric ignition. This also shows the disadvantages and causes of symmetrical pulse ignition 0. Therefore, it is usually not usable: in symmetrical ignition, the two terminals of the lamp transmit high voltage, which is usually not allowed for safety reasons, due to the many lamp configurations. One of the two terminals that can contact the lamp in the lampholder configuration is typically the distal end (also referred to as the rear conductor of the lamp) that can contact the lamps. This shows that the symmetrical ignition method can be optimally applied to gas discharge lamps with lamp holders on both sides, the mechanical construction of which is designed to be symmetrical. In a gas discharge lamp having a lamp holder on one side, the ignition voltage is problematic as described above, and the ignition voltage is applied to an open gas discharge lamp electrode that can be reached by the user and away from the lamp holder. Another problem is the voltage applied to the gas discharge lamp electrode remote from the lamp holder with respect to the potential of the reflector. The reflector is mounted in a gas discharge lamp and is typically grounded. Therefore, a high voltage is present between the back conductor of the electrode remote from the lamp holder and the reflector at the moment of ignition. This causes arcing on the reflector, thus causing an erroneous function. For this reason 'symmetrical ignition' does not apply to gas discharge lamps with a single-sided lamp holder. In addition, it should be noted that the insulation cost increases with the voltage to be insulated instead of the line -35- 201031273. Depending on the nonlinear effect in the insulating material, the distance between the two conductors must be twice as large as the original when the voltage is doubled, so that arcing/breakdown does not occur. In addition to the pure capacitance characteristics considered above in the environment or the added insulating material, the field strength formed in a specific voltage or insulating material and the interface, in the insulating material due to corona discharge, partial discharge, etc. The resulting conversion of effective power is no longer negligible. In the above equivalent circuit φ diagram, a non-linear resistor must be added in parallel with the capacitor. At this point of view, symmetric pulse ignition is superior to asymmetric pulse ignition. Finally, it should be noted that starting from the specific voltage load of the insulating material, the insulating material ages rapidly and thus the life of the insulating material can be much improved with only a small drop in voltage. A good trade-off (which combines the advantages of the above two ignition methods) is to use an asymmetric pulse ignition method, as shown in Fig. 19, which has a structure similar to symmetrical ignition, and of course has two different large winding numbers. Two secondary windings. The disadvantage of symmetrical ignition is that the back conductor is inadvertently contacted by the user during ignition and the user unintentionally contacts the high pressure metal portion. In the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 having the headlight interface shown in Fig. 5, the above-mentioned contact phenomenon does not occur because the voltage supply of the circuit is achieved only by being inserted into the headlight. Therefore, it is impossible to make contact with the back conductor of the electrode remote from the lamp holder (which is used to guide the voltage) when the headlight is not damaged. As noted above, it is also not possible to use a symmetrical ignition here because of the arcing on a generally grounded reflector. This suggests an asymmetric ignition which, for example, supplies 3/4 of the ignition voltage to the lamp holder and, for example, 1/4 of the voltage to the electrode remote from the lamp holder. The exact voltage between the electrodes of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 (i.e., the adjacent first electrode and the second electrode remote from the socket) is therefore related to many factors, the size of the lamp, and the lamp holder configuration. The voltage ratio between the first electrode adjacent to the second electrode and the second electrode remote from the lamp holder is 22:1 to 5:4. The voltage of 2...8 kV is generated by the back-side conductor of the ignition transformer τΙΡ, and the voltage of 23...17 kV is generated by the ignition-transformed conductor-secondary winding IPSH. The preferred conversion ratio between the two secondary windings is not equal to BP, nIPSR: niPSH = 2:23...8:17. This can also be expressed as an equation = 〇·〇4...〇. 8*nIPSH. Thus, this configuration is similar to a symmetrical igniter secondary winding which is of course not evenly distributed. The number of main windings np of the ignition transformer TIP is preferably between 1 and 2. The sum of the number of windings of the two secondary windings IP SH and IP SR is preferably between ® and 380. The pulse ignition unit 第 in Fig. 19 is known from the prior art and will not be described here. The capacitor formed by at least one capacitor is connected to the main winding of the ignition transformer via a switching element. Preferably, a switching element is used having a nominal-trigger voltage between poise and 1300 volts. This switching element can be a spark discharge device or a Thyristor with corresponding control circuitry. In the first implementation, the ignition transformer TIP has a conversion ratio of the ignited lamp holder ratio and the lamp holder can be wound by the secondary winding I τ 。 . Because 1, hipsr 4 is in 40 people, that. Because: 350 thyristor form ηιρρ: -37- 201031273 nipsR:nipsH = l: 50:150 winding 'which operates with a firing unit Z based on a spark discharge of 400 volts, ie with a standardized trigger voltage of 400 volts The spark discharge device operates. The ignition transformer TIP provides a peak voltage of +5 kV to the electrode of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 remote from the lamp holder, and provides a ground potential to the electrode of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 close to the lamp holder. Peak voltage of -15 kV. In a second embodiment, the ignition transformer is constructed with a winding having a conversion ratio of 3:50: @100 and is operated by an ignition unit Z based on a spark discharge of 800 volts. The ignition transformer TIP provides a peak voltage of -8 kV to the ground potential of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, and provides a ground potential to the electrode of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 adjacent to the lamp holder. Peak voltage of +16 kV. Figure 20 is a connection diagram of an enlarged circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. Here, one or two unsaturated choke coils LnSI and LnS2 are respectively connected between the high voltage end of the secondary winding and the respective ignition terminals to prevent interference pulses with a high voltage tip ® peak (so-called Glitch). Therefore, 0 should be used. 5 micro-Heng (uH) to 25 micro-henry inductance, preferably 1 micro-henry to 8 micro-henry. Further, a high-voltage stable capacitor CB (so-called "igniter-capacitor") may be directly connected in parallel with the gas discharge lamp igniter between the gas discharge lamp igniter and the unsaturated choke coil, and the capacitance thereof is usually less than 22Pf. So that the ignition pulse is not subject to much attenuation. The capacitance 値 of the capacitor is preferably between 3 pF and 15 pF. The capacitor is constructed to be suitably configured and arranged in the form of a plate by a sputtered lamp current lead. The capacitor has two positive effects of -38-201031273: one of which is advantageous for the electromagnetic compatibility-characteristic of the lamp, because the high-frequency interference generated by the lamp is directly short-circuited at the generated position. The other is to ensure a low ohmic breakdown of the igniter, which can be absorbed, in particular, by the operating circuit 20. The capacitance of the back iron-capacitor CRS is preferably between 68 picofarads (PF) and 22 nanofarads (nF). With the back iron-capacitor CRS, the pulse wave generated by the ignition transformer ΤΐΡ is very fast. In this case, the pulse igniter can be turned off for an electronic ballast (EVG) with low resistance. Thus, the resulting high voltage ignition pulse can be very close to the igniter. The back iron-capacitor CRS and the rear conductor choke LR form a low pass filter that opposes electromagnetic interference and protects the electronic ballast-output from unacceptable high voltages. The enlarged circuit also has a current-compensated choke LSK, which is also resistant to electromagnetic interference. A suppression diode DTr (also known as a clamp NANDp diode) limits the voltage developed across the operational circuit 20 due to the ignition process and thus protects the output of the operational circuit 20. The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is fixed to the socket 70 by a metal clip 52 and four fixing pieces 53 (see Fig. 1). As shown in Fig. 20, the metal clip 52 is grounded, i.e., in an integrated gas discharge lamp for an automobile, the metal clip 52 is, for example, at a vehicle body ground potential. By the grounding of the metal clip, the arcing of the metal clip to the headlight can be reliably suppressed because the two portions are at the same potential during ignition. Moreover, by grounding the metal clip, a particularly good capacitive coupling can be formed for the ignition assist layer present on the gas discharge lamp igniter tube. These ignition auxiliary layers are often applied to the high-pressure gas discharge lamp igniter to lower the high ignition voltage. This measure increases the ignition voltage drop characteristic of the ignition assist layer located on the lamp of the gas discharge lamp igniter. A particularly advantageous situation is when the capacitive impact of the metal clip on the gas discharge lamp igniter (which may include its ignition assist layer) is increased. Here, the other conductive portions are electroplated or capacitively coupled to the metal clip. Thus, a "third electrode" is formed which is composed of a plurality of "single electrodes coupled to each other" and has one side grounded. For example, the third electrode has a metal layer 54 on the outer bulb in addition to the φ metal clip, as shown in Fig. 21. This layer can be applied to the outside and/or inside of the outer bulb. This layer is constructed of a conductive, e.g., metallic material and is preferably mounted in a strip parallel to the back conductor. Thus, the metal layer 54 is optically unexposed on the igniter tube and additionally forms a minimum distance to the igniting auxiliary layer and thus forms a maximum coupling capacitance. This layer on the outer bulb can be capacitively or electroplated to the metal clip. When the outer layer is electrically contacted with the metal clip by the igniter being fixed in the metal clip, it is particularly advantageous to couple it in an electric ore manner, which can be achieved by the mounting technique generally used in the prior art. Extra cost. Preferably, the layer extends from 1% to 20% around the outer bulb. The beneficial effect of the grounded metal clip on the ignition voltage of the gas discharge lamp is achieved by the following physical correlation: between the metal clip and the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp, grounding the metal clip and performing an asymmetrical pulse When ignited, a high voltage is applied, which causes a dielectric barrier discharge in the outer bulb near the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp. This dielectric barrier discharge creates a breakdown in the lamp of the igniter. This is facilitated by the ultraviolet-light formed in the dielectric barrier discharge of -40-201031273, which is hardly absorbed by the lamp of the igniter and will be on the electrode and in the discharge space. A free charge carrier is generated and thus the ignition voltage is lowered. The metal clip of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and the reference surface of the reflector can be composed of a metal portion having a corresponding fixing member which is sputtered by plastic and ensures a good mechanical connection to the socket 70. . The grounding of the metal clip can be automatically achieved by inserting the lamp into the reflector φ in the respective headlight. This makes the reference surface less susceptible to mechanical losses associated with the increased weight of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. When formed by prior art, only the plastic-sputter cast portion is set as the reference surface. In a preferred form of the gas discharge lamp 5, the socket consists of two parts. The first portion has an adjusted gas discharge lamp igniter 50 which is embedded in a socket made of plastic by a metal clip 52 and a fixing piece 53, which has a metal-reinforced reference surface as described above. The first part is connected to the second part. The second part includes the ignition-and operation circuit. The connection of the lamp and current ® wires can be achieved by welding, soldering or by mechanical connection (for example, plug-in or chip-type clamping). Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 showing the lamp holder configuration. The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is preferably a mercury-free gas discharge lamp igniter, but a gas discharge lamp igniter containing mercury may also be used. The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can accommodate a hermetically sealed discharge tube 502 comprising an electrode 504 and an ionizable mash to generate a gas discharge. The ionizable material is preferably mercury-free. It is formed by dip., -41-201031273 contains a halide of cerium and metal sodium, cerium, zinc and indium, and the weight ratio of zinc to indium halide is between 20 and 1 Torr, preferably 50. The coldness of suffocating 塡 The filling pressure is 1. 3 million (mega) to 1. 8 million bars. It has been shown that the decay of the photocurrent decreases with the operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, and the increase in the ignition voltage of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 decreases with the operation period. That is, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 has better photocurrent-maintenance, compared to the previous gas discharge lamp igniter, and exhibits a longer life due to a smaller ignition voltage increase during operation. . Also, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 displays a small amount of shift in the color position of the light emitted therefrom during its operation. In particular, the color position is only offset within the limits allowed by ECE Rule 99. The higher cold charge pressure of the crucible and the higher weight component of the zinc halide are mainly used to adjust the ignition voltage of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, that is, the ignition voltage is in the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 On the discharge section, in the quasi stationary operation state, the adjustment is made after the ignition phase ends. The indium halide is present in a smaller enthalpy weight component which allows adjustment of the color position of the light emitted by the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, but does not make an important adjustment to the ignition voltage of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Contribution. The halide of indium is used primarily in the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 as is the halide of sodium and strontium. The weight component of the zinc halide is preferably in the volume of the discharge tube per cubic millimeter (mm3). 88 micrograms to 2. Between 67 micrograms, and the weight of the halide of indium is in the volume of the discharge tube per 1 cubic millimeter (mm3). 026 micrograms to -42- 201031273 0. Between 089 micrograms. Iodide, bromide or chloride can be used as the halide. The sodium halide weight component is in the volume of the discharge tube per cubic millimeter (mm3). 6 micrograms to 13. Between 3 micrograms. The weight component of the halide is 在4 in the volume of the discharge tube per 1 mm 3 . 4 micrograms to 11. Between 1 microgram. To ensure that the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 emits white light having a color temperature of about 4000 K and that the color position remains in the range of white light during the life of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, preferably within a narrow limit. When the weight component is small, the loss of sodium (depending on the diffusion through the tube wall of the discharge tube) and the damage of the crucible (depending on the chemical reaction with the quartz glass of the discharge tube) cannot be compensated, and the weight component is high. The color position and color temperature will change. It is advantageous to have a discharge tube volume of less than 23 cubic millimeters in order to be as close as possible to the ideal point source. For use as a light source in a headlight or other optical system of a motor vehicle, the light-emitting portion of the discharge tube 502, i.e., the discharge space containing the electrodes should have as small a size as possible. Ideally, the light source should be a light source in the form of a dot so that it can be placed in the focus of the optical imaging system. The high pressure discharge lamp 5 of the present invention is closer to this ideal than the prior art, since the discharge tube 502 of the present invention has a small volume. The volume of the discharge vessel 502 of the high pressure discharge lamp 5 is advantageously in the range of more than 1 〇 cubic millimeter to less than 26 cubic millimeters. The distance between the electrodes 504 of the gas discharge lamp igniter is preferably less than 5 mm in order to be as close as possible to the ideal point source. For use as a light source in a headlight of a motor vehicle, the electrode distance is preferably 3. 5 mm. Therefore, the gas-43-201031273 discharge lamp igniter 50 can be optimally adapted to the imaging characteristics in the headlight of a motor vehicle. The thickness or diameter of the electrode 502 of the gas discharge lamp igniter is preferably at 0. 20 mm to 0. Between 36 mm. An electrode having such a thickness 可 can be sufficiently safely buried in the quartz glass of the discharge tube and at the same time has sufficient current carrying capacity, which is particularly important during the starting phase of the high pressure discharge lamp. The lamp is operated at 3 to 5 times the rated power and rated current. When the electrode is thin, sufficient current carrying capacity cannot be ensured in the present embodiment of the silver-free tantalum, and in the case of a thick electrode 504, there is a risk of crack formation in the discharge tube, which is related to discharge. The mechanical stress caused by the very different coefficients of thermal expansion of the tube material is related. The discharge tube material is quartz glass, and the electrode material is tungsten or tungsten doped with tantalum or tantalum oxide. Each of the electrodes is connected to a molybdenum foil 506 embedded in a material of the discharge tube, each electrode can hermetically conduct current, and the respective molybdenum foil 506 is inwardly extended to the electrode connected to the molybdenum foil. The minimum distance between the ends in the inner space of the discharge tube 502 is preferably at least 4.6 mm to ensure that the respective molybdenum foil 506 and the tip of the electrode (which extends inwardly into the discharge tube 5〇2) There is a maximum distance between the gas discharges on it. Thus, the large minimum distance set between the molybdenum foil 506 and the gas discharge shows the advantage that the halide in the halogen compound of the ionizable dopant causes the molybdenum foil 506 to be subjected to less heat. Load and less corrosion hazard. Frequency Adaptability - 44 - 201031273 A method of preventing flickering will be described below, which is performed by an operation circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. The gas discharge lamp described herein is operated with an alternating current which is primarily generated by the operating circuit 92 0 . This alternating current can be a high frequency alternating current whose frequency is particularly higher than the acoustic resonance produced in the gas discharge lamp, which is equal to the 'frequency of the lamp current above 1 MHz in the lamp described herein. However, we usually use a low-frequency rectangular operation, as described under φ. In a distorted mode of operation, when a gas discharge lamp (especially a high-pressure gas discharge lamp) switches in the direction of the lamp current (so-called rectification), the arc is usually removed and the electrode returns to a temperature that is too low. Typically, high pressure discharge lamps are operated with a low frequency rectangular current, also known as "unstable DC operation." Here, a rectangular current having a frequency of 100 Hz to several kHz is applied to the lamp. In each of the switching between the positive and negative voltages by the operating circuit, the lamp current is rectified, which results in a lamp current that is zero in a short time. This operation ensures that the electrodes of the lamp are also uniformly loaded during quasi-DC operation. The arc on the electrodes can be problematic when operating a gas discharge lamp with an alternating current. When operating with an alternating current, the cathode will become an anode during rectification or vice versa. The cathode-anode conversion is substantially less problematic. This is because the temperature of the electrode hardly affects the operation of the anode. The ability of the electrodes to provide a sufficiently high current during anode-to-cathode switching is temperature dependent. If the temperature is too low, the arc is switched to the diffuse arc operation mode by the arc-type operation of the dot-45-201031273 type after at least the zero crossing point during rectification. Such switching typically introduces a visible notch to the emitted light, which can be considered to be flickering. Therefore, it makes sense to operate the lamp in a point-wise arc operation, so that the arc is therefore small and therefore very hot. As a result, a sufficient current can be supplied because the required voltage is small due to the helium temperature at a small occurrence point. Hereinafter, the process described is regarded as rectification in which the polarity of the operating voltage of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is switched, and a large current- or voltage change occurs. In the symmetrical mode of operation of the lamp, there is a voltage- or current zero crossing point at the midpoint of the rectification time. It should be noted here that voltage rectification is usually faster than current rectification. By 0. Langenscheidt et al. , J. In Phys D 40 (2007), page 4 15-431, it is known in 'The boundary layers of ac-arcs at HID-electrodes: phase resolved electrical measurements and optical observations': in cold electrodes and diffuse arcs, The voltage will rise first after rectification, since the cathode to be cooled can only supply the required current by a higher voltage. If the device for operating the gas discharge lamp does not provide this voltage, so-called flickering will occur. The problems involved in the arc mode for switching are mainly related to gas discharge lamps, which have larger electrodes with respect to similar lamps of the same rated power. Usually when "immediate light" is required, the gas discharge lamp Operating in an overload mode, as in the case of a motor-electric field discharge lamp, -46-201031273, in which 80% of the amount of luminescence must be achieved after 4 seconds due to regulatory requirements. During the period (also known as the starting phase), the lamps shall be operated at a much greater power than the rated power to comply with appropriate automotive specifications or regulations. The size must be able to achieve a high initial power, but this initial power is too large for normal operating conditions. Since the electrode is mainly heated by the lamp current flowing, the problem of flicker is mainly in the aging gas discharge. When the lamp occurs, its ignition voltage will increase at the end of the lamp's life. ^ Due to the increased ignition voltage, the lamp current flowing through is small, because the operating circuit is operated by the regulator during the stationary operation of the lamp. In order to keep the lamp power fixed, the electrode of the gas discharge lamp is no longer sufficiently heated at the end of its life. There is an advantage in the integrated gas discharge lamp that the operating circuit is inseparably coupled to the gas discharge lamp igniter. Connected so that the ignition period up to the present (also referred to as rectified ignition period U) can be measured in a simple manner by the operating circuit, wherein the rectified ignition period U is the entire period of operation of the gas discharge lamp ignition device And, although there is an inoperative period during operation, the above "measurement" can be performed, for example, by a time measurer having permanent memory, which is usually The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 measures time during operation, thereby igniting an arc between the plurality of electrodes. Since the problem of flicker mainly occurs in an aged lamp, a method is proposed in which the operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter is The frequency must be adjusted according to the ignition period of the gas discharge lamp igniter to increase the operating frequency as the ignition period increases. This has the advantage that the operating phase of the anode and cathode can be switched from -47 to 201031273. This is done faster at higher frequencies, which causes temperature modulation at the tip of the electrode. Therefore, the temperature rise at the tip of the electrode at higher frequencies is less due to thermal inertia. Surprisingly, what has been shown is that the flicker does not occur when the electrode temperature exceeds the "critical minimum temperature" of the lamp electrode. Of course, the frequency cannot be increased arbitrarily, otherwise various acoustic resonances will be excited in the lamp, which will distort the arc and flicker. This effect can occur when the frequency starts at frequency 1 Φ 仟. Therefore, in normal operation (β卩, in the stationary operating phase after ignition-and-start phase), a frequency of 400 Hz or 500 Hz is usually selected. This frequency is hereinafter referred to as the lower limit frequency. Hereinafter, the "low cumulative ignition period" is regarded as the ignition period when the igniter 50 of the gas discharge lamp 5 does not exhibit an aging effect or only shows a slight aging effect. This refers to the case where the gas discharge lamp 5 has reached the first 10% of the specified life until the accumulated ignition period. This commemoration "below a specific life" is considered to be a lifetime in which the accumulated ignition period slowly reaches that particular ® lifetime, for example, the commemoration "near a particular life" means 90 at that particular lifetime. Between % and 100%. The life given by the manufacturer is considered to be a specific life. Figure 22 is a diagram of a first embodiment of the above method showing the frequency of operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter during ignition. In Fig. 22, it can be recognized that the operating frequency remains constant at 400 Hz until the ignition period of 500 hours, and is continuously 0 during the ignition period of 500 hours to 1,500 hours. The 5 Hz/hour mode is increased to 900 Hz so as to remain at 900 Hz 0 -48 - 201031273. However, in the range of 500 Hz to 1500 Hz, the frequency cannot be continuously increased but can be increased in a stepwise manner. Thus, in a second variant of the first embodiment of the method, as shown in Fig. 32, starting from a cumulative ignition period of 2,097,152 seconds (approximately equal to 583 hours), usually 32,768 seconds (approximately 9.1) After the hour) the frequency increased by 4 Hz. This frequency increases over a period of time until 128 improvements are made. Then, starting from the original starting point of 値400, the frequency reaches 912 Hz. The second variant of φ of the first embodiment is particularly suitable for implementation by digital logic circuits, for example, by an ASIC by means of a microcontroller or a digital circuit, since the method requires only discontinuous time-and frequency Stepping 値. In the third variation of the first embodiment, as shown in Fig. 33, a particularly simple manner is used. Here, after 1 04 8576 seconds (about 291 hours), the frequency is doubled from 400 Hz to 800 Hz in one step. The lamp is then typically operated at a high frequency. Relative to the second variant, it is only performed for a unique frequency step. In a second embodiment, as shown in Fig. 34, the above method is combined with a circuit configuration (not shown) for detecting flicker to adjust the frequency as needed by the lamp igniter. The circuit configuration is therefore dominated by a detection circuit that is used to detect lamp voltage and/or lamp current. Alternatively, it can be detected by using the appropriate correlation before the rectifier. An electronic operator or ballast is commonly used in a motor vehicle and can also be included in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 as the operating circuit 920, which can have a DC voltage converter and a rectifier The secondary structure, which is coupled to each other via a DC voltage of -49-201031273, wherein the voltage variability of the DC voltage intermediate circuit and/or the time-varying current flowing from the intermediate circuit to the rectifier The rate can be regarded as the size of the flash. The circuit configuration for detecting flicker detects whether flicker has occurred in the lamp. If so and the current ignition period of the lamp is greater than 500 hours, then a flicker-measurement method is performed. The method comprises the following steps: 0 - increasing the state of the flash-minimum-search counter by one, - starting from the lower limit frequency, discharging the gas The operating frequency of the lamp igniter is increased in a stepwise manner - measuring the flicker intensity in the selected operating frequency. Here, at least the flicker intensity is stored in each of the selected operating frequencies. If necessary, store other parameters measured in the operating frequency. The measurement of the flicker intensity must be made with a large time interval to compensate for the statistical fluctuations in the operation. In the second embodiment, for example, a measurement time of 20 ® to 30 minutes is set. This frequency is therefore increased by 100 Hz each time and then the intensity of the flicker is measured. In the first step, the frequency rises to the first upper limit frequency of 900 Hz. As long as the flicker disappears or the flicker intensity drops below an allowable threshold (threshold) ,, it does not continue as the frequency increases, thus ensuring the actual operation required in future operations in a permanent memory. The frequency so that the next time the lamp is turned on again can be started at the most recently operated frequency. If the flash is still not cancelled when the frequency has been raised to the first upper limit or the flashing intensity is not lowered below an allowable threshold ,, the flash-minimum-search counter state is increased by 1 and the The frequency continues to increase until it reaches three times the first upper limit frequency, in which case the triple 値 is 2700 Hz (the so-called second upper limit frequency). Then, the frequency is appropriately selected in the entire range measured between the lower limit frequency and the second upper limit frequency, in which the smallest flicker has been displayed. The flicker intensity belonging to the minimum flicker is multiplied by a factor greater than one and the so-called actual flicker boundary 储存 is stored as the new allowable threshold 値. In the following, the flicker is monitored and measured and periodically tested whether the actual flicker intensity is greater than the actual flicker boundary 値. If so, then jump to the frequency at which the second small flicker intensity has been displayed in the search for the method. The lamp is operated at this frequency, and the flash can be monitored and measured at this time. Now, if the actual flicker intensity should be above the actual flicker boundary ,, switch to the frequency with the third smallest flicker intensity. In the subsequent operation, if the actual flicker intensity should be above the actual flicker boundary ,, the flash-minimum-search counter state is incremented by 1 and the new process of the minimum search begins. Searching for the entire frequency range between the lower limit frequency and the second upper limit frequency. The counter state that is normally driven in the flicker-minimum search and the actual flicker boundary 値 are stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit (920, 93 0). The two turns can be read via a communication interface of an integrated gas discharge lamp (e.g., a LIN-bus). During the maintenance of the motor vehicle, for example, during the inspection after the expiration of the service-period or when the motor vehicle is released due to a defect-51- 201031273, the above two defects are read and compared with the borders, the boundaries値 indicates the allowable 値. Each boundary 値 can also be stored in an integrated gas discharge lamp and read out via a communication bus. However, for the sake of simplicity, the borders are stored in a preferred embodiment in a diagnostic device between cars. If one of the read 値 is larger than the associated boundary 値, the integrated gas discharge lamp (5) must be replaced with a new integrated gas discharge lamp. This approach greatly increases the availability of the lighting system without incurring significant costs, which is due to the fact that the lamp can be replaced early when needed and does not require a significant amount of time during maintenance 'because the vehicle is usually connected at this time To the diagnostic device. The data read by the permanent memory of the operating circuit will be compared to the boundary ' 'each boundary 値 can be based on the accumulated ignition period (tk) or accumulated weighted ignition period also read from the permanent memory (tkg) changes, the flashing border of the aging lamp must be greater than the new light that does not have to be replaced. The dependence of the boundary 値 with the ignition of the lamp is provided by the lamp manufacturer to the vehicle manufacturer so that the data can be loaded into the diagnostic device in the form of a table or matrix. In the third embodiment, it is carried out analogously to the second embodiment, in particular to save memory space in the microcontroller. Only the minimum flicker intensity that has occurred so far and the associated operating frequency are stored in the above search. That is, only the minimum search for the flicker intensity is performed to replace the immediate measurement. If the search should not be interrupted during the first search to the first upper limit, as in the second embodiment, the search continues until the second upper limit frequency. Then, jump directly to the frequency stored in the smallest memory. Next, the lamp operates at this frequency for at least 30 minutes and during this period determines the flashing intensity for this period -52 - 201031273 degrees. If the click height is greater than the allowable factor (e.g., 20%), the new seek is started after the most probable operating frequency, and thus proceeds as described above. By the operating frequency of the gas discharge lamp igniter being increased during ignition, the tendency of the ignitor to flicker can be greatly reduced without the need for significant cost in the circuit configuration itself. Since the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 includes a microcontroller, the entire method can be implemented in the soft body of the microcontroller without incurring additional cost. The circuit arrangement for detecting this flicker in the second embodiment is implemented purely in software in a suitable design. The measurement required to detect the flicker is applied to the microcontroller for other reasons, so that a detection unit can be implemented in software by appropriately evaluating the defects. The circuit components required in the hardware are present for other reasons and therefore do not incur additional costs. Communication Interface As mentioned above, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can dictate communication elements or at least a communication interface, which in particular can communicate with the onboard circuitry of the motor vehicle. A LIN-bus bar has been shown to be particularly advantageous. However, it can also be connected to an integrated gas discharge lamp by means of a CAN-bus bar and an onboard circuit. By means of the communication interface, the lamp can advantageously communicate with a higher-level control system (for example, an 'optical module') in the motor vehicle. Here, the integrated information can be transmitted to the upper control system via the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 via the communication interface. This information is stored in the permanent memory of the lamp. In the production of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, a lot of information is generated, which can be collected by the production set -53-201031273 and can be programmed in the permanent memory of the lamp at the end of the production of the lamp. However, the information can also be directly written into the permanent memory of the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, so that a communication interface is not necessary here. At the time of production, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is, for example, accurately measured and, when inserted into the socket 70 with respect to the reference surface of the socket, is fixed to a precisely defined position on the socket. This ensures high quality of the optical system consisting of the integrated gas discharge lamp φ 5 and the headlight 3, since the arc ignited between the plurality of electrodes of the gas discharge lamp is relative to the reference surface (which is The interface of the headlights) occupies an accurate spatial position. The distance and location of electrodes, for example, in production machines are known. However, the electrode distance is an important number for the operating circuit because the electrode distance of the gas discharge lamp 50 is related to the ignition voltage. Also, the unique serial number or the production load number can be stored in the permanent memory of the lamp to ensure reusability. By means of the serial number, the components of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can be interrogated by the data available to the manufacturer via the database loaded by the manufacturer to allow for errors in the production of individual components. Find out the relevant lights. In a preferred embodiment of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, the permanent memory stored in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, which is measured during operation of the lamp, is interrogated via the communication interface. The parameter in , and also store the parameter. For example, the data in the optical system constituting the headlight can be stored in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, since the data can be controlled, and therefore the power of the gas discharge lamp igniter 5 can be controlled to make the headlight System-54- 201031273 emits a uniform and large amount of light. The following communication parameters are particularly suitable for use as communication parameters: - during the cumulative ignition of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, - the number of flicker effects produced, ie the number of times the allowable boundary 値 is exceeded, - the start of the flicker - minimum - Number of searches, - actual lamp power, - actual frequency of the rectifier, - rated power of the lamp power (= target rated power of the lamp), - actual 値 of the lamp power, - temperature of the circuit, - serial number or loading number, - the total number of lamp extinguishers and the number of lamp extinguishers in the past period (for example, 200 hours), - the number of unlit. In principle, the conventional operating circuit, which is not integrated in the socket of the discharge lamp, has also measured the above parameters and can use the above parameters via the communication interface. Of course, the above parameters are not available for diagnosis in the service range of the motor vehicle, since the lamp is currently replaceable and independent of the operating circuit and the read parameters are therefore not necessarily described by the lamp and the operating circuit. Existing lights. The above system of the integrated gas discharge lamp does not have such a disadvantage, in which a gas discharge lamp igniter and its operating circuit are not integrated into one lamp separately from each other. -55- 201031273 The communication interface is preferably a LIN-bus or CAN-bus bar. These two interface protocols have been widely extended and applied to the automotive field. If the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is not used in an automobile, the interface of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can also have a specification that extends to general illumination, for example, a DALI or EIB/Insta bus bar. Due to the above information (mainly during the accumulated ignition period), the upper control system present in the motor vehicle, for example, can calculate the possible replacement time points of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. During the detection period of the motor vehicle, it can be determined whether the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is still operating normally or whether it needs to be replaced until the next detection period, since the degraded light quality of the lamp or the failure of the lamp must be considered. As described above for the flashing lamp, the data is read by the communication interface of the integrated gas discharge lamp, and a service technology can read the data from the integrated gas discharge lamp, and if necessary, before the failure, The lamp can be replaced. When the data on the process of the integrated gas discharge lamp is stored in the permanent memory invariably, the data can be currently used to calculate the life of the lamp, that is, how long the integrated gas discharge lamp can operate normally. The time estimate of the class can be derived quite accurately. Preferably, the data is stored in a permanent memory of the operational circuit, whereby the data can represent the time period on the process. Therefore, possible erroneous processes or deficiencies identified later in the charge can be replaced before the lamp fails. This is of great benefit to the user of the motor vehicle, in particular when the integrated gas discharge lamp is used in a headlight, relating to a safety-related application of the special -56-201031273. When the data is stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit, whereby the integrated gas discharge lamp can be clearly identified, the data stored in the database in the process can be easily and reliably assigned to the lamp. Functionality is particularly effective when a distinct and unique serial number is stored in the permanent memory of the operational circuit. Moreover, the serial number also includes a manufacturer serial number adjusted according to all manufacturers, so that different manufacturers of the same type of the integrated gas discharge lamp can set a continuous serial number in each of their respective processes, and then ensure There is no second lamp with the same serial number. During operation of the integrated gas discharge lamp, it is preferred to store one or more numbers in the permanent memory that monotonically increase with the number of ignitions and/or ignitions of the gas discharge lamp. Here, the measured ignition period of the gas discharge lamp igniter is added and stored in the permanent memory of the operation circuit as a cumulative ignition period. This accumulated ignition period is preferably stored in permanent memory in numbers. However, the ignition period may also be weighted by the above operational parameters and stored numerically in the permanent memory of the operational circuit' which corresponds to the weighted accumulated ignition period. The different forms of the accumulated ignition period will be detailed below. Therefore, the current ignition period can be reliably adjusted with the life set by the manufacturer, and the remaining life of the lamp can be accurately pointed out. The lifetime set by the manufacturer can be a function of other data that is also read by the permanent memory, such that the lifetime depends, for example, on the number of starts of the lamp or the desired photocurrent. For economic reasons, the determination of whether or not to replace the integrated gas discharge lamp may be determined by the information stored in the diagnostic device between the service and the car*-57- 201031273, which is at a later car. Inter-search is obtained at the time of the search, and information such as "the service after the service - how strong the light is used" may also affect the relevant judgment. When the number stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit indicates that the lamp is blinking, the number refers specifically to the number of starts of the flicker-minimum-search or actual flicker boundary, then the state of the integrated gas discharge lamp can be It is accurately measured and read out when needed. The read enthalpy is used to evaluate the remaining life of the lamp in the service of the motor vehicle in which the integrated gas discharge lamp is located. For the same service technology to be considered, the number stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit is the number of times the gas discharge lamp ignitor is ignited, since the number of ignitions has the same effect on the life as the ignition period. During the service period of the motor vehicle, the data is read from the permanent memory of the operating circuit, and according to this data, different actions are performed during maintenance. This maintenance is therefore more effective and better. The premature failure phenomenon is therefore less and the customer satisfaction is improved. The determination of whether the integrated gas discharge lamp must be replaced is subject to the experience of the service technician and may be based on the data read in the permanent memory of the operating circuit. Preferably, the determination is made during the accumulated ignition of the gas discharge lamp igniter and/or during the weighted cumulative ignition period and/or when the number of ignitions exceeds a particular boundary 値. Preferably, the boundary 有关 is related to the time required for the process and/or the information that can be used to clearly identify the integrated gas discharge lamp. Therefore, a reliable and simple determination of the replacement of the integrated gas discharge lamp can be made. Lumen (luminous amount) is fixed -58- 201031273 However, the information stored in the permanent memory of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can also be used to keep the amount of illumination of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 constant during its lifetime. . At the rated power of the gas discharge lamp, the amount of luminescence changes during its lifetime. As the ignition period increases, the efficiency of the lamp is degraded by the blackening and devitrification of the discharge tube, the tempering of the electrode, and the resulting arcing change. The efficiency of the entire optical system is exacerbated by the fact that the system is typically designed to be used for point sources or for the shortest discharge arcs caused by the minimum electrode distance, and in the optical system when the discharge arc becomes longer More light will disappear. The efficiency of the optical system itself during operation will also be reduced due to temperature cycling or permanent vibrations in the automotive headlamps that cause the lens to become turbid or out of focus. The ignition period (U) of the lamp and the weighted cumulative ignition period (tkg) will be described below, wherein the weighted cumulative ignition period tkg is weighted by a weighting function γ which will be detailed below. Since the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 stores the relevant parameters of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 in the permanent memory, the operating power PLA applied to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can be based on the accumulation. During the ignition period to adjust. Since the aging process is carried out in a non-linear manner, in a simple embodiment a compensation function β can be stored in the operating circuit, as shown in Fig. 27. Here, the weighted cumulative ignition period tkg of the lamp is plotted as a function of the quotient of the lamp power PLA of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 versus the nominal power Pn. This power is slightly improved in the area below the ignition period of less than 1 hour. This helps to set conditions (eg, temperature, humidity) for the gas discharge lamp point -59- 201031273 burner. The "burn-in" phenomenon of the igniter 50 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 should also be mentioned here. If the lamp has been "burning-in", it can be operated with a slightly smaller power (approximately 90% of the rated power) because the lamp is as efficient as a lens. Starting from a weighted cumulative ignition period tkg of approximately 1 hour, the power is slowly increased again to reach the lamp power PLa when it reaches a specific life terminal of 3,000 hours, which is greater than the set of the igniter 10% of the rated φ power. Therefore, the amount of luminescence of the gas discharge lamp igniter remains fixed during its ignition. The functions stored in this operating circuit are affected by the igniter parameters (e.g., electrode distance) stored in the permanent memory at the time of production. The advanced system is the above-mentioned control system to control the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, in which other optical functions can be implemented, for example, rate dependent control of the amount of light emitted. In an implementation of such an advanced system, the operating circuit must be designed to operate with under power ® or over power. However, if the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is not operated at rated power, it is aged in a manner different from when operated at rated power. This must be considered when calculating the cumulative ignition period. Here, a weighting function γ is stored in the operating circuit, which is a factor related to under power and over power. Figure 28 is a graphical representation of the weighting function γ of an integrated gas discharge lamp disposed in a headlight of a motor vehicle. If the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is operated with an over power, the aging rate is faster because the electrode is too hot and the electrode material will evaporate. If the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 -60- 201031273 operates with a much lower underpower, the aging rate is also faster, the electrode is too cold' as a result of the condensation of the electrode material, so the material must be etched by sputtering. This is not expected, because it will reduce the light efficiency of the lamp. Therefore, the aging of the operating circuits of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is calculated together in the weighted accumulated ignition period tfcg. This can be calculated by the following formula: tkg(t) = ; f(T) only represents the burning function, that is, as long as the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is operating
ί(τ)=1。若該氣體放電燈點燃器50未操作，則f(T) = C 該整合式氣體放電燈5以過功率或欠功率來操作，則 化速率更快速地到達1 〇倍。 在一種先進的控制系統中，其以過功率或欠功率來 該氣體放電燈點燃器50，此控制系統中亦可實現一種 位控制器之間先進之通信。這以下述方式來說明：上 制器不再需要該整合式氣體放電燈5之特定功率，而 _ 要一預定的光量。爲了達成此一目的，在該整合式氣 ❹ 電燈5之操作電路中須儲存一種調光曲線。第29圖是 技術用之整合式氣體放電燈之一例子中的調光曲線α 解。此調光曲線顯示該氣體放電燈點燃器50所發出之 流Φ^μ或如第29圖所示已對額定光電流ΦΝ形成正規 光電流%'與點燃器功率PLa，s或如第29圖所示已對 Φν 點燃器功率Ρ Ν形成正規化的點燃器功率¥之相依性 29圖中，該相依性顯示在該氣體放電燈點燃器50之 小時的已加權的累積的點燃期間Ug中。就該氣體放電 乃因 將電 命和 須將 藉由 該點 ，則 。若 其老 操作 與上 位控 是需 體放 汽車 之圖 光電 化的 額定 。第 100 燈點 -61 - 201031273 燃器50之另一已加權的累積的點燃期間tkg而言，會有不 同的曲線外形。在理想情況下，三維的特徵場儲存在該整 合式氣體放電燈5中，該特徵場同時考慮了該氣體放電燈 點燃器50之老化。第29圖因此只是該氣體放電燈點燃器 之1 00小時的已加權的累積的點燃期間tkg中該特徵場的切 面圖。用來確定燈功率之該特徵場除了光電流和已加權的 累積的點燃期間以外另包含其它的維度（Dimension)，例 φ 如，使該燈之最近開始點燃的點燃期間或已估計的點燃溫 度以特定效果在點燃之後的數分鐘內映射至一區域中，這 取決於該燈之所謂”高運行”期間（此時另外會造成塡料的 蒸發）的熱的短暫變動（transient)。該調光曲線未必以特徵 場的形式而儲存在整合式氣體放電燈5之操作電路中，其 亦可儲存成函數的形式，使其可由整合在該操作電路中的 微控制器來算出。爲了儘可能簡單地算出待調整的燈功 率，則基本函數或相對應的特徵場都近似地以一種積 ® (product)來表示，其中除了氣體放電燈點燃器之額定功率 Pn作爲因數以外，每一各別的因數亦描述了上述各數値的 影響。因此，在一特定的光量時所需的點燃器功率PLa例 如由以下的公式來表示：☆.»(%)，(&);因數β此處考 Φν 慮該氣體放電燈點燃器50之老化。此函數β亦可包含光學 系統的老化，其中上述資料較佳是藉由該整合式氣體放電燈 之通信介面來告知，使該影響同樣可在該整合式氣體放電燈 之操作電路進行計算時被考慮。由控制器所預設之光量例 -62- 201031273 如與機動車的速率有關，該整合式氣體放電燈5在機動車 中操作。在較慢速的運行中，該燈被調光而受到驅動。反 之，機動車在高速公路上快速運行時，該燈藉由額定功率 來操作，以確保運行時的軌道可廣泛地被看見且有良好的 照明。 在該整合式氣體放電燈5之另一實施形式之先進之操作 電路中，在操作時亦可考慮該氣體放電燈點燃器50之目前 φ 的點燃期間。當已加權的累積的點燃期間tkg接近該氣體放 電燈點燃器之特定的壽命終端時，該操作電路能以一種功 率來驅動該點燃器，此功率使該燈的老化程度最少且因此 可有效地使該燈的壽命較傳統操作方式更長。第30圖顯示 此種點燃器曲線，其中顯示光電流之商^相對於正規化之 Φν 累積的壽命^之關係。後者是由燈的點燃期間u除以該燈 之額定壽命tN(例如，3000小時）而算出。直至額定壽命之 3 %爲止，該氣體放電燈點燃器50是以額定功率的1.2倍來 操作，以對該氣體放電燈點燃器50設定條件且進行燒入。 然後，該氣體放電燈點燃器5 0以額定功率來操作一段較長 時間。若該氣體放電燈點燃器5 0達到其壽命之8 0%，則功 率連續地下降至該額定功率之0.8倍。第28圖中的加權函 數在詳細觀看時揭示：該燈在操作時以最多是其額定功率 之0.8倍而受到保護。因此，該整合式氣體放電燈5可對 抗其壽命的終止而以此功率來操作，以確保一種儘可能長 的剩餘壽命且防止突然的故障（其在汽車領域中會有致命 -63- 201031273 的結果）。若不使用該燈的點燃期間tk，則亦可針對第30 圖之圖解而使用已加權的累積的點燃期間tkg。 該整合式氣體放電燈5由於上述資料和計算結果而可算 出其氣體放電燈點燃器之可能剩餘壽命，且將此剩餘壽命 儲在操作電路220，230之永久性記憶體中。若機動車在汽 車間進行檢查，則可讀出該檢查時所需的燈資料，例如， 已儲存的剩餘壽命。依據已讀出之剩餘壽命，另外可判定： 該整合式氣體放電燈5是否須更換。亦可將該整合式氣體 放電燈之序號及/或氣體放電燈點燃器50之序號儲存於該 整合式氣體放電燈5中。依據該些序號，汽車間的機械員 可經由製造者資料庫來詢問：該燈是否良好或可能由於製 造時或其中所構成的組件中的缺失而須更換。 在該整合式氣體放電燈5之另一有利的實施形式中，與 先前之實施形式不同，在汽車間中不讀出該可能的剩餘壽 命而是讀出該燈實際上應如何操作之類的資料。此資料然 後基於製造者資料庫之屬於各別序號之額定資料而由診斷 裝置來評估。因此，具有一給定之序號之燈之額定壽命tN 例如儲存於該製造者資料庫中。在製程上有缺失時，該額 定壽命較低。在其它資料（例如，點燃次數）經由操作而儲 存於該操作電路中之後，各參數可與該製造者資料庫進行 比較，該製造者資料庫例如含有每一燈之額定點燃次數。 由該操作電路所讀出之高點燃次數接近額定點燃次數，這 樣所造成的判定是：該燈須更換，雖然該燈的額定壽命仍 -64- 201031273 未到達。藉由使用此種準則，能以經濟的方式使光源的可 用性提高。此種過程因此被視爲特別經濟，此乃因該燈只 有在其故障即將發生的機率變大時才更換。將該燈之製造 者編碼成該燈之序號之第一位元，以確保該序號可明確地 保持著，雖然在給定的情況下多個燈製造者可製成可互相 替換的產品。於經由汽車間和燈製造者之間之通信連接（例 如，網際網路）來對該製造者資料庫詢問額定資料例如額定 壽命或額定點燃次數時，在對策上，可將該操作電路所讀 出的資料藉由操作而傳送至該燈製造者。因此，在該燈之 操作電路和製造者資料庫之間須進行雙向的資料更換。這 樣就可在現場追蹤產品，特別是可對該產品的使用方式作 統計式的調查，這樣對該產品的進一步發展很有利。然而， 除了序號以外只要該機動車之VIN (Vehicle Identification Number)—起傳送，各別的資料調査亦是可能的。又，亦可 針對產品的僞造來進行保護，這以下述方式來達成：在產 品有僞造時同樣須對該序號進行編碼，這在最後將資料傳 送至製造者時會造成表面上的資料不一致，此乃因針對該 序號所算出的操作時數不會繼續變小，這樣可對僞造的產 品下定結論。 弧光平直 以下，將描述一種使氣體放電燈點燃器之放電弧光平直 的方法，其在整合式氣體放電燈5之一實施形式中實現。 於第一實施形式中’以操作電路920爲基準，其·具有第23 -65- 201031273 圖所示的形式。該操作電路920具有直流電壓轉換器 9210，其由汽車的電池電壓來供電。一種整流器9220經由 中間電路電容器Czw連接至該直流電壓轉換器9210之後。 整流器9220經由燈電路而將交流電壓供應至該氣體放電 燈點燃器50。該燈電路由一輸出電容器和點燃電路910 構成，該點燃電路910具有點燃變壓器之主繞組（在燈電路 中）以及該氣體放電燈點燃器50。藉由此種在先前技術中已 爲人所知的形式，在各組件之靈活的設計中可使放電弧光 平直。 平直的放電弧光提供許多優點。最重要的優點是該氣體 放電燈點燃器50之較佳的熱耗費，這是藉由該點燃器燈管 之均勻的熱壁負載來獲得。這可造成較佳的熱使用率且因 此使該點燃器燈管有較長的壽命。第二個主要優點是一種 收縮的弧光，其具有較小的擴散性。利用此種”較狹窄的弧 光”，頭燈的透鏡可較準確地設定且該頭燈之光效益可大大 地提高。 由於該整合式氣體放電燈5中該點燃-和操作電路910, 920或總操作電路9 3 0(以下同樣稱爲操作電路）不可分離地 與氣體放電燈點燃器50相連接，因此，可在氣體放電燈點 燃器50上對該操作電路進行校正，以產生穩定而具有點燃 性的平直弧光。由於該操作電路920，930及其氣體放電燈 點燃器50不可分離且該氣體放電燈點燃器5〇之點燃期間 亦已爲人所知，因此，氣體放電燈點燃器5 0之老化效應會 -66- 201031273 影響該氣體放電燈點燃器50之操作方式。 使該整合式氣體放電燈5之弧光平直時所用的基本方式 如下：該操作電路920，930在該氣體放電燈點燃器50第 一次接通時就聲頻共振來進行測量且偵測適合使弧光平直 的頻率。這是藉由最小頻率和最大頻率之間的頻率區域之 掃描來達成。該些頻率在該整合式氣體放電燈點燃器之操 作頻率處進行調變。在掃描期間，測量該氣體放電燈點燃 器之阻抗且儲存最低之阻抗及其所屬的頻率。具有最低阻 抗之頻率表示可達成的最大弧光平直性。依據燈型，該最 小頻率可下降至80仟赫之頻率。該最大頻率可達到300仟 赫的頻率。在汽車技術用之典型高壓氣體放電燈中，該最 小頻率大約是110仟赫，該最大頻率大約是160仟赫。需 進行測量，以使氣體放電燈點燃器50之製造容許度 (tolerance)獲得補償。針對該燈之共振頻率之典型的老化 資料是儲存在該操作電路920，930之微控制器（未顯示）中 的表中。該表之値可依據該氣體放電燈點燃器之操作方式 (循環形式、起動-或調光操作）來儲存。又，在另一實施形 式中’所控制的操作可在已算出的頻率（依據受控制的操作） 附近的狹窄範圍中以一種調變頻率而擴展至一受調整的調 變操作中。該已算出的頻率以例如1仟赫的調變頻率來調 變，以預防該氣體放電燈點燃器50中由於聲頻共振之激發 所造成的閃爍現象。相較於先前技術中目前的操作裝置而 顯不出的優點在於，頻率範圍（其中須使頻率改變）很小， -67- 201031273 且涉及熄滅的燈或不穩定的調整器特性等的問題較小。在 特定的燈型中’針對閃燥特性而在特定的調變頻率附近測 量頻率範圍時是有意義的，以確保一穩定的燈操作。於此， 在一實施形式中’其電路配置用來偵測閃爍，且位於該調 變頻率處的頻率亦針對閃爍特性來測量。 在第23圖之第一實施形式中，選取該直流電壓轉換器 9210之頻率使等於該調變頻率。藉由中間電路電容器Czw 之相對應的設計’作爲已調變的高頻交流電壓之高頻漣波 保持在由該直流電壓轉換器9210所發出之直流電壓處。具 有已調變的高頻交流電壓之直流電壓作爲該整流器9220 用之輸入電壓。該整流器9 22 0以全橋式電路來形成，其將 直流電壓轉換成矩形的交流電壓。調變後的信號（即，已調 變的高頻交流電壓）之振幅由該全橋式電路之輸出濾波器 (輸出電容器CA)之尺寸以及脈衝點燃變壓器二次繞組 (IPSH，IPS R)之電感來決定。由於在該整合式氣體放電燈5 中該些組件不可分離地互相連接，因此，各組件可良好地 調整至所期望的操作模式藉由疊加之高頻電壓，可使放電 弧光達成所期望的平直現象。此實施形式的缺點是該直流 電壓轉換器之固定頻率之操作方式，其會造成不是有效的 去載作用，使系統的損耗增加。 在第24圖之第二實施形式中，疊加的高頻電壓藉由信號 產生器9230來產生，該信號產生器9230將高頻電壓耦合 至該點燃電路910之點燃變壓器之抗流圈Lk和主繞組之間 -68- 201031273 的燈電路中。此種在該點燃變壓器之前的耦合 否則該信號產生器9230須以固定的高電壓來搏 圈用來使中間電路電容器· CZK去耦合，否則已 電壓會受到太大的衰減。由於此一原因，該點 之點燃變壓器之電感亦應儘可能小。因此，須 生器進行設計，使已耦合的高頻電壓之頻率又 使該氣體放電燈點燃器50達到安全且無閃爍之 % 在第25圖之第三實施形式中，該信號產生器 燃電路910中。此處，該氣體放電燈點燃器50 振點燃來起動。該點燃電路具有一用於高頻操 壓器TIR，其由以級別-E之轉換器構成之信號 制。該點燃變壓器TIR之尺寸設計成使所產生 少該基本振盪仍可足夠良好地被傳送，該基本 是與該級別-E之轉換器之切換頻率相同，特別 時的效率較10%還好。該級別-E之轉換器之切 〇 燃期間是在8 0仟赫和1 0 MHz之間。然而，此 選擇爲大於300仟赫，此乃因在此頻率時，一 形式是可能的，且此頻率選擇成小於4 MHz， 頻率時可達成的效率特別高。該點燃變壓器之 電鍍相分離的主繞組來達成。二次繞組劃分成 離的二個繞組，其分別連接在燈電極和整流器 信號產生器產生一種流經該點燃變壓器TIR之 頻電流，其於二次側上在共振電路中激發一種 是重要的， !作。該抗流 稱合的高頻 燃電路91 0 對該信號產 被調變，以 .操作。 整合在該點 藉由一種共 作的點燃變 產生器來控 之高頻之至 振盪的頻率 是在此頻率 換頻率在點 頻率較佳是 種小的構造 此乃因在此 控制經由以 以電鍍相分 9220之間。 主繞組的高 共振，此共 -69- 201031273 振可將該氣體放電燈點燃器50點燃。此共振電路由該點燃 變壓器TIR之二次電感和位於燈上方之電容cR2構成。由 於電容CR2很小，其不必以構件形式整合在該點燃電路9 1 0 中而是可藉由構造上的措施來產生。 只要該氣體放電燈點燃器50已點燃，該信號產生器之操 作方式即改變，使其將高頻信號經由該點燃變壓器而輸 入，該高頻信號在燈電壓處調變以使弧光成平直狀。這樣 φ 所顯示的優點在於，已調變的電壓之頻率和振幅可較自由 地調整而使該直流電壓轉換器9210或該整流器9220之最 佳化的操作方式仍然存在。藉由此種電路形式，則亦可由 該點燃電路910來支配該氣體放電燈點燃器50之由共振電 路所產生之高的管制（take-over)電壓，使此管制電壓不必 由直流電壓轉換器9210來產生。以此種措施，該直流電壓 轉換器9210之操作方式可進一步最佳化，此乃因該直流電 壓轉換器9210所需的輸出電壓範圍變小。該整流器9220 ® 須使用微小的功率，此乃因燈功率的一部份經由已調變的 燈電壓輸入。此實施形式因此在使用各操作參數時可提供 最大的自由度，以便在平直的放電弧光中使該氣體放電燈 點燃器50可達成最佳化之可靠操作。 第26圖是直流電壓轉換器92 10之相較於先前技術已簡 化的實施形式。先前技術中一般用於安定器（其可在汽車之 機載電源上操作）之直流電壓轉換器具有一種截止（亦稱爲 Flyback)轉換器的形式，此乃因12伏之機載電壓須提高至 •70- 201031273 較大的電壓。在該整合式氣體放電燈5中，由於電性接觸 只有在使用該燈時才會發生在頭燈3中，因此，可使用一 種高設定器形式的較簡易轉換器（亦稱爲Boost-轉換器）， 其具有一種升壓變壓器TFB。這是可能的，此乃因在所使 用的機電介面中可將該轉換器輸出端與機動車接地處之間 無意中的接觸（其會使升壓-轉換器受損）現象排除。先前技 術中目前所使用之截止轉換器形式的直流電壓轉換器在輸 出側短路時亦允許能量流之中斷。這在第26圖之本案的轉 換器槪念中不屬此種情況，此乃因在該轉換器之功率路徑 中不存在電鍍隔離區，其可使輸入端（即，12伏之機載電源） 至輸出端（即，氣體放電燈點燃器50之電流導線）之能量流 中斷，其中該電流導線無意中可能與機動車接地處相連 接。在其它情況下，直流電壓轉換器以一般方式構成，其 由一輸入側之EMI-濾波器，一輸入電容器C1，一轉換器 開關Q，一構成升壓變壓器之電感TFB等構成。電感TFB 經由二極體D而在中間電路電容器Czw上操作。此轉換器 相較於先前技術中所用的截止轉換器而言，在成本上很有 利。因此，相對於先前技術中具有氣體放電燈和外部電子 式操作裝置的燈系統而言，該整合式氣體放電燈5就系統 上而言，成本很有利。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖是第一實施形式中本發明之整合式氣體放電燈 之切面圖。 -71- 201031273 第2圖是第一實施形式中之整合式氣體放電燈之機械 構件的分解圖° 第3圖是第二實施形式中本發明之整合式氣體放電燈 之切面圖。 第4圖是第二實施形式中本發明之整合式氣體放電燈 之透視圖。 第5圖是頭燈/氣體放電燈之介面的示意圖。 I 第6圖是電接觸的細部圖。 9 第7圖是機械接觸的細部圖。 第8圖是第三實施形式中本發明之整合式氣體放電燈 之切面圖。 第9圖是第四實施形式中本發明之整合式氣體放電燈 之透視圖。 第10圖是整合式氣體放電燈之點燃變壓器之透視圖。 第11圖是該點燃變壓器之上部的透視圖。 ® 第12圖是該點燃變壓器之下部的透視圖。 第13圖是該點燃變壓器之下部的透視圖，其顯示出可 見的二次繞組。 第14圖是第二實施形式中該點燃變壓器之分解圖。 第圖是第二實施形式中該點燃變壓器之切面圖》 第16圖是第三實施形式中該點燃變壓器之分解圖，其 顯示出二繞組式之主繞組。 第17圖是第三實施形式中該點燃變壓器之切面圖，其 -72- 201031273 顯示出二繞組式之主繞組。 第18a圖是先前技術中不對稱之脈衝點燃器之連接圖。 第18b圖是先前技術中對稱之脈衝點燃器之連接圖。 第19圖是不對稱之脈衝點燃器之連接圖。 第20圖是整合式氣體放電燈之擴大式電路之連接圖。 第21圖是整合式氣體放電燈之點燃器之切面圖，其顯 示出燈座構造。 第22圖是整合式氣體放電燈點燃器在點燃期間之操 作頻率之圖解。 第23圖是第一實施形式中以直線式放電弧光來操作 時的電路圖。 第24圖是第二實施形式中以直線式放電弧光來操作 時的電路圖。 第25圖是第三實施形式中以直線式放電弧光來操作 時的電路圖。 第26圖是直流電壓轉換器之已簡化的操作方式用的 電路圖。 第27圖顯示該氣體放電燈點燃器之標準化的額定功 率和已加權的累積的點燃期間之間的函數關係圖。 第28圖是加權函數γ之圖解。 第29圖是函數α之圖解。 第30圖是該氣體放電燈點燃器之標準化之額定光電 流和標準化之累積的點燃期間之間的關係圖。 第31圖是第五實施形式中本發明之整合式氣體放電 燈之切面圖。 -73- 201031273 第32圖是第一實施形式之變異形中用來操作該整合 式氣體放電燈之方法的流程圖。 第33圖是第一實施形式之另一變異形中用來操作該 整合式氣體放電燈之方法的流程圖。 第34圖是第二實施形式中用來操作該整合式氣體放 電燈之方法的流程圖。 【主要元件符號說明】ί(τ)=1. If the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is not operated, then f(T) = C The integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is operated with over or under power, and the rate of the lapse is 1 〇 more quickly. In an advanced control system, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is used with over or under power, and an advanced communication between the bit controllers is also achieved in the control system. This is illustrated in the following manner: the upper power of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is no longer required by the upper device, and a predetermined amount of light is required. In order to achieve this, a dimming curve must be stored in the operating circuit of the integrated gas lamp 5. Figure 29 is a dimming curve α solution in an example of an integrated gas discharge lamp for use in technology. The dimming curve shows the flow Φ^μ emitted by the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 or the regular photocurrent %' and the igniter power PLa,s as shown in Fig. 29 or as shown in Fig. 29 Dependent on the Φν igniter power Ν Ν forming a normalized igniter power 29 29, the dependence is shown in the weighted cumulative igniting period Ug of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The discharge of the gas is due to the fact that the electricity is to be used by this point. If the old operation and the upper position control are required to be placed on the map of the car's photoelectricization. 100th light point -61 - 201031273 Another weighted cumulative ignition period tkg of the burner 50 will have a different curve shape. In the ideal case, a three-dimensional characteristic field is stored in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, which simultaneously takes into account the aging of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Figure 29 is therefore only a cross-sectional view of the characteristic field in the weighted cumulative ignition period tkg of the gas discharge lamp igniter for 100 hours. The characteristic field used to determine the lamp power includes, in addition to the photocurrent and the weighted accumulated ignition period, other dimensions, such as the ignition period or the estimated ignition temperature at which the lamp has recently started to ignite. The specific effect is mapped into an area within a few minutes after ignition, depending on the transient transient of the heat during the so-called "high run" period of the lamp, which in turn causes evaporation of the dip. The dimming curve is not necessarily stored in the form of a characteristic field in the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, but can also be stored in the form of a function which can be calculated by a microcontroller integrated in the operating circuit. In order to calculate the lamp power to be adjusted as simply as possible, the basic function or the corresponding characteristic field is approximately expressed as a product, in which the rated power Pn of the gas discharge lamp igniter is used as a factor, A separate factor also describes the effects of the above numbers. Therefore, the ignitor power PLa required at a specific amount of light is expressed, for example, by the following formula: ☆.»(%), (&); factor β here Φν Consider the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 Ageing. The function β can also include the aging of the optical system, wherein the above information is preferably informed by the communication interface of the integrated gas discharge lamp, so that the effect can also be calculated when the operation circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp is calculated. consider. Example of the amount of light preset by the controller - 62 - 201031273 The integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is operated in a motor vehicle, depending on the speed of the motor vehicle. In slower operation, the lamp is dimmed and driven. Conversely, when the vehicle is running fast on a highway, the lamp is operated by rated power to ensure that the track during operation is widely visible and well illuminated. In an advanced operating circuit of another embodiment of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, the current ignition period of φ of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can also be considered during operation. The operating circuit is capable of driving the igniter with a power that minimizes aging of the lamp when the weighted accumulated igniting period tkg approaches a particular end of life of the gas discharge lamp igniter, and thus is effective The lamp has a longer life than conventional operation. Figure 30 shows this igniter curve showing the relationship between the quotient of the photocurrent and the normalized lifetime of Φν. The latter is calculated by dividing the ignition period u of the lamp by the rated life tN (e.g., 3000 hours) of the lamp. Up to 3 % of the rated life, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 was operated at 1.2 times the rated power to set conditions and burn in the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is then operated at rated power for a longer period of time. If the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 reaches 80% of its life, the power is continuously reduced to 0.8 times the rated power. The weighting function in Figure 28 reveals in detail when viewed: the lamp is protected during operation at a maximum of 0.8 times its rated power. Therefore, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can be operated with this power against the end of its life to ensure a longest remaining life and prevent sudden failures (which would be fatal in the automotive field - 63-201031273 result). If the ignition period tk of the lamp is not used, the weighted accumulated ignition period tkg can also be used for the illustration of Fig. 30. The integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can calculate the possible remaining life of the gas discharge lamp igniter due to the above information and calculation results, and store the remaining life in the permanent memory of the operation circuits 220, 230. If the motor vehicle is inspected at the steam shop, the lamp data required for the inspection, for example, the remaining life of the storage, can be read. Depending on the remaining life that has been read out, it can additionally be determined whether the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 has to be replaced. The serial number of the integrated gas discharge lamp and/or the serial number of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 may also be stored in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. Based on these serial numbers, the mechanic between the cars can ask via the manufacturer's database whether the lamp is good or may have to be replaced due to a missing component in the manufacturing or the components formed therein. In a further advantageous embodiment of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, unlike the previous embodiment, the possible remaining life is not read out in the car and the actual operation of the lamp is read out. data. This information is then evaluated by the diagnostic device based on the rating data of the manufacturer's database belonging to the respective serial number. Thus, the nominal life tN of a lamp having a given serial number is stored, for example, in the manufacturer's database. This has a lower life expectancy when there is a missing process. After other data (e.g., number of igniting) is stored in the operational circuit via operation, the parameters can be compared to the manufacturer's database, which for example contains the number of rated ignitings for each lamp. The high number of ignitions read by the operating circuit is close to the rated number of ignitions. The result is that the lamp must be replaced, although the lamp's rated life is still -64-201031273. By using such a criterion, the availability of the light source can be improved in an economical manner. This process is therefore considered to be particularly economical because the lamp is only replaced when the probability of its failure is increasing. The manufacturer of the lamp is coded as the first bit of the number of the lamp to ensure that the serial number is clearly maintained, although in the given case multiple lamp manufacturers can make products that are interchangeable. When the manufacturer database is inquired about the rated data, such as the rated life or the rated number of ignitions, via a communication connection between the car room and the lamp manufacturer (for example, the Internet), the operation circuit can read the countermeasures. The output data is transmitted to the lamp manufacturer by operation. Therefore, a two-way data exchange is required between the operating circuit of the lamp and the manufacturer's database. This allows the product to be tracked on site, and in particular the statistical investigation of how the product is used, which is beneficial to the further development of the product. However, in addition to the serial number, as long as the vehicle's VIN (Vehicle Identification Number) is transmitted, individual data investigation is also possible. Moreover, it is also possible to protect against forgery of the product, which is achieved in the following manner: when the product is forged, the serial number must also be encoded, which may result in inconsistent data on the surface when the data is finally transmitted to the manufacturer. This is because the number of operating hours calculated for the serial number does not continue to decrease, so that the conclusion can be drawn for the counterfeit product. Arc Straightening Hereinafter, a method of flattening the discharge arc of a gas discharge lamp igniter will be described, which is realized in one embodiment of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. In the first embodiment, 'the operation circuit 920 is used as a reference, and it has the form shown in the figure 23-65-201031273. The operational circuit 920 has a DC voltage converter 9210 that is powered by the battery voltage of the vehicle. A rectifier 9220 is connected to the DC voltage converter 9210 via an intermediate circuit capacitor Czw. The rectifier 9220 supplies an alternating voltage to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 via a lamp circuit. The lamp circuit is comprised of an output capacitor and ignition circuit 910 having a main winding (in the lamp circuit) that ignites the transformer and the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. With this form, which is already known in the prior art, the arcing can be made flat in the flexible design of the various components. Straight arcing provides many advantages. The most important advantage is the preferred heat consumption of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, which is obtained by the uniform hot wall loading of the igniter tube. This can result in better heat usage and therefore a longer life of the igniter tube. The second major advantage is a contracted arc that has less diffusivity. With such a "narrower arc", the lens of the headlight can be set more accurately and the light efficiency of the headlight can be greatly improved. Since the ignition-and-operation circuit 910, 920 or the total operating circuit 930 (hereinafter also referred to as an operating circuit) is inseparably connected to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, The operating circuit is calibrated on the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 to produce a stable, igniting, flat arc. Since the operating circuits 920, 930 and their gas discharge lamp igniters 50 are inseparable and the ignition of the gas discharge lamp igniter 5 is also known, the aging effect of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 will be - 66- 201031273 Affects the operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The basic manner for making the arc of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 straight is as follows: the operating circuit 920, 930 performs acoustic resonance to measure and detect when the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is first turned on. The frequency of the arc is flat. This is achieved by scanning the frequency region between the minimum and maximum frequencies. The frequencies are modulated at the operating frequency of the integrated gas discharge lamp igniter. During the scan, the impedance of the gas discharge lamp igniter is measured and the lowest impedance and its associated frequency are stored. The frequency with the lowest impedance represents the maximum arc straightness that can be achieved. Depending on the lamp type, this minimum frequency can be reduced to a frequency of 80 kHz. This maximum frequency can reach a frequency of 300 Hz. In a typical high-pressure gas discharge lamp for automotive technology, the minimum frequency is approximately 110 kHz and the maximum frequency is approximately 160 kHz. Measurements are required to compensate for the manufacturing tolerance of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Typical aging data for the resonant frequency of the lamp is stored in a table in a microcontroller (not shown) of the operating circuit 920, 930. The top of the watch can be stored in accordance with the mode of operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter (cycle form, start-up or dimming operation). Moreover, in another embodiment, the operation controlled can be extended to a regulated modulation operation at a modulation frequency in a narrow range near the calculated frequency (according to the controlled operation). The calculated frequency is modulated by a modulation frequency of, for example, 1 kHz to prevent flicker in the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 due to excitation of acoustic resonance. An advantage that is unobvious compared to the prior art operating devices of the prior art is that the frequency range (where the frequency has to be changed) is small, -67-201031273 and the problems associated with extinguished lamps or unstable regulator characteristics are small. It is meaningful to measure the frequency range around a particular modulation frequency for a flash pattern in a particular lamp type to ensure a stable lamp operation. Here, in one embodiment, the circuit configuration is used to detect flicker, and the frequency at the modulation frequency is also measured for the flicker characteristics. In the first embodiment of Fig. 23, the frequency of the DC voltage converter 9210 is selected to be equal to the modulation frequency. The high frequency chopping of the modulated high frequency alternating current voltage by the corresponding design of the intermediate circuit capacitor Czw is maintained at the direct current voltage emitted by the direct current voltage converter 9210. A DC voltage having a modulated high frequency AC voltage is used as an input voltage for the rectifier 9220. The rectifier 902 is formed as a full bridge circuit that converts the DC voltage into a rectangular AC voltage. The amplitude of the modulated signal (ie, the modulated high frequency AC voltage) is determined by the size of the output filter (output capacitor CA) of the full bridge circuit and the secondary winding of the pulse ignition transformer (IPSH, IPS R). The inductance is determined. Since the components are inseparably interconnected in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, the components can be well adjusted to the desired mode of operation by superimposing the high frequency voltage to achieve the desired level of arc discharge. Straight phenomenon. A disadvantage of this embodiment is the manner in which the fixed frequency of the DC voltage converter operates, which results in an unloading effect that is not effective and increases the losses of the system. In the second embodiment of Fig. 24, the superimposed high frequency voltage is generated by a signal generator 9230 which couples the high frequency voltage to the choke coil Lk and the main of the ignition transformer of the ignition circuit 910. Winding between -68- 201031273 in the lamp circuit. This coupling prior to the ignition of the transformer would otherwise require the signal generator 9230 to be wound at a fixed high voltage to decouple the intermediate circuit capacitor CZK, otherwise the voltage would be too much attenuated. For this reason, the inductance of the ignition transformer at this point should also be as small as possible. Therefore, the generator is designed such that the frequency of the coupled high frequency voltage causes the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 to achieve a safe and flicker free %. In the third embodiment of Fig. 25, the signal generator burns the circuit 910. Here, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is ignited to start. The ignition circuit has a high frequency operation device TIR which is made up of a signal of a level-E converter. The ignition transformer TIR is sized such that the resulting fundamental oscillations are still transmitted sufficiently well, which is substantially the same as the switching frequency of the class-E converter, in particular with an efficiency of 10%. This level-E converter is switched between 80 Hz and 10 MHz. However, this choice is greater than 300 kHz, since at this frequency a form is possible and this frequency is chosen to be less than 4 MHz, the achievable efficiency at frequencies is particularly high. The ignition of the transformer is achieved by electroplating the separated main windings. The secondary winding is divided into two windings, which are respectively connected to the lamp electrode and the rectifier signal generator to generate a frequency current flowing through the ignition transformer TIR, which is important to excite the resonance circuit on the secondary side, ! The anti-flow-matched high-frequency combustion circuit 91 0 is modulated for the signal to operate. The frequency at which the oscillation is controlled by a common igniting generator at this point is that the frequency at which the frequency is changed at the point frequency is preferably a small configuration. The phase is between 9220. The high resonance of the main winding, which is -69-201031273, ignites the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. This resonant circuit consists of a secondary inductance of the ignition transformer TIR and a capacitance cR2 located above the lamp. Since the capacitance CR2 is small, it does not have to be integrated in the ignition circuit 9 1 0 in the form of a component but can be produced by a construction measure. As long as the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 has ignited, the signal generator operates in such a way that it inputs a high frequency signal via the ignition transformer, the high frequency signal being modulated at the lamp voltage to make the arc flat shape. Such φ shows the advantage that the frequency and amplitude of the modulated voltage can be adjusted relatively freely so that the optimum mode of operation of the DC voltage converter 9210 or the rectifier 9220 still exists. With such a circuit form, the ignition circuit 910 can also control the high take-over voltage generated by the resonant circuit of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, so that the regulated voltage does not have to be controlled by the DC voltage converter. 9210 to produce. With this measure, the operation mode of the DC voltage converter 9210 can be further optimized because the output voltage range required for the DC voltage converter 9210 becomes small. The rectifier 9220 ® must use a small amount of power because a portion of the lamp power is input via the modulated lamp voltage. This embodiment thus provides the greatest degree of freedom in the use of various operating parameters in order to achieve an optimized and reliable operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 in a straight discharge arc. Figure 26 is an embodiment of the DC voltage converter 92 10 which has been simplified compared to the prior art. The DC voltage converters commonly used in the prior art for ballasts, which can operate on the onboard power supply of automobiles, have the form of a cut-off (also known as Flyback) converter, since the 12 volt load voltage must be increased. To •70- 201031273 Larger voltage. In the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, since the electrical contact occurs only in the headlight 3 when the lamp is used, a simple converter in the form of a high setter (also called Boost-conversion) can be used. And it has a step-up transformer TFB. This is possible because of the inadvertent contact between the converter output and the ground of the vehicle (which would damage the boost-converter) in the electromechanical interface used. The DC voltage converter in the form of a cut-off converter that is currently used in the prior art also allows for interruption of the energy flow when shorted on the output side. This is not the case in the converter concept of Figure 26, because there is no plated isolation region in the power path of the converter, which allows the input (ie, 12 volt onboard power supply) The energy flow to the output (ie, the current conductor of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50) is interrupted, wherein the current conductor may inadvertently be connected to the ground of the motor vehicle. In other cases, the DC voltage converter is constructed in a general manner and consists of an input side EMI filter, an input capacitor C1, a converter switch Q, an inductor TFB forming a step-up transformer, and the like. The inductor TFB operates on the intermediate circuit capacitor Czw via the diode D. This converter is advantageous in terms of cost compared to the cut-off converter used in the prior art. Therefore, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is economically advantageous in terms of system with respect to the lamp system of the prior art having a gas discharge lamp and an external electronic operating device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in a first embodiment. -71- 201031273 Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the mechanical member of the integrated gas discharge lamp of the first embodiment. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the second embodiment. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the second embodiment. Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of the interface of the headlight/gas discharge lamp. I Figure 6 is a detailed view of the electrical contact. 9 Figure 7 is a detailed view of the mechanical contact. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the third embodiment. Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the fourth embodiment. Figure 10 is a perspective view of an ignition transformer of an integrated gas discharge lamp. Figure 11 is a perspective view of the upper portion of the ignition transformer. ® Figure 12 is a perspective view of the underside of the ignition transformer. Figure 13 is a perspective view of the lower portion of the ignition transformer showing a visible secondary winding. Figure 14 is an exploded view of the ignition transformer in the second embodiment. The figure is a cutaway view of the ignition transformer in the second embodiment. Fig. 16 is an exploded view of the ignition transformer in the third embodiment, which shows a two-winding main winding. Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the ignition transformer in the third embodiment, and -72-201031273 shows a two-winding main winding. Figure 18a is a connection diagram of a prior art asymmetric pulse igniter. Figure 18b is a connection diagram of a prior art symmetrical pulse igniter. Figure 19 is a connection diagram of an asymmetric pulse igniter. Figure 20 is a connection diagram of an enlarged circuit of an integrated gas discharge lamp. Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of the igniter of the integrated gas discharge lamp showing the lamp holder construction. Figure 22 is a graphical representation of the operating frequency of an integrated gas discharge lamp igniter during ignition. Fig. 23 is a circuit diagram in the case where the linear arc light is operated in the first embodiment. Figure 24 is a circuit diagram when the arc light is operated by linear arc in the second embodiment. Figure 25 is a circuit diagram when the arc light is operated by linear arc in the third embodiment. Figure 26 is a circuit diagram of a simplified operation of the DC voltage converter. Figure 27 is a graph showing the relationship between the normalized rated power of the gas discharge lamp igniter and the weighted cumulative ignition period. Figure 28 is a diagram of the weighting function γ. Figure 29 is a diagram of the function a. Figure 30 is a graph showing the relationship between the normalized rated photocurrent of the gas discharge lamp igniter and the normalized cumulative ignition period. Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the fifth embodiment. -73- 201031273 Figure 32 is a flow chart showing a method for operating the integrated gas discharge lamp in the variant of the first embodiment. Figure 33 is a flow chart showing a method for operating the integrated gas discharge lamp in another variation of the first embodiment. Figure 34 is a flow chart showing a method for operating the integrated gas discharge lamp in the second embodiment. [Main component symbol description]
20 電子式操作裝置 2 10 電性接觸. 220 電性接觸 230 電性接觸 240 電性接觸 3 頭燈 3 3 頭燈之反射器 35 對立接觸區之載體部 350 對立接觸區. 351， 352 狹縫 5 整合式氣體放電燈 50 氣體放電燈點燃器 502 放電管 504 電極 506 鉬箔 52 用來固定氣體放電燈點燃器之金屬夾 53 金屬夾之固定片 54 外燈泡之金屬層 -74- 201031273 5 6 氣體放電燈點燃器之靠近燈座之電流導線 5 7 遠離燈座的電流導線 70 燈座 702 參考環 703 由參考環突出的節 705 氣體放電燈用之固定夾 7 05 1 導槽 7 05 3 固定夾中之隆起 〇 7 1 反射器之密封環 72 可導電的外殼 722 連接板 73 燈座板和燈座之間的密封環 74 燈座板 74 1 燈座板圓頂 80 點燃變壓器 8 1 鐵素體核心 Ο 8 1 1 鐵素體核心第一半部 8 110 鐵素體核心內部之第一半部 8 112 鐵素體核心第一半部之側壁 8 112 1 長形的凹口 8 12 鐵素體核心第二半部 814-816 背鐵鐵素體 8 120 鐵素體核心內部之第二半部 8 122 鐵素體核心第二半部之側壁 8 1221 長形的凹口 -75- 201031273 82 1 中空圓柱 822 圓形板 823 狹縫 824 中空圓柱形中央核心 825 第一板 826 第二板 827 配件 85 接觸體 ❹ 85 1 第一頂蓋面 852 第二頂蓋面 86 主繞組 861 ， 863 ， 865 朝向內部的圓柱形的圓形件 862 ， 864 至電性接觸區之連接板 8620 ， 8640 主繞組之片帶末端上的半徑或圓形件 866-869 87 作爲機械固定用之固定連接板 二次繞組 〇 871 二次繞組之內部末端 872 二次繞組之外部末端 9 10 點燃電路 920 操作電路 930 總操作電路 92 1 0 直流電壓轉換器 9220 整流器 923 0 信號產生器 -76-20 Electronic operating device 2 10 Electrical contact. 220 Electrical contact 230 Electrical contact 240 Electrical contact 3 Headlight 3 3 Headlight reflector 35 Carrier contact 350 opposite contact area Opposite contact area. 351, 352 Slit 5 Integrated gas discharge lamp 50 Gas discharge lamp igniter 502 Discharge tube 504 Electrode 506 Molybdenum foil 52 Metal clip for fixing gas discharge lamp igniter 53 Fixing piece for metal clip 54 Metal layer for outer bulb -74- 201031273 5 6 Current wire of the gas discharge lamp igniter near the lamp holder 5 7 Current wire 70 away from the lamp holder Lamp holder 702 Reference ring 703 Section 705 protruding from the reference ring Fixing clip for gas discharge lamp 7 05 1 Guide groove 7 05 3 Fixed The ridge in the clamp 〇 7 1 The sealing ring of the reflector 72 The electrically conductive outer casing 722 The connecting plate 73 The sealing ring between the socket plate and the lamp holder 74 The lamp holder plate 74 1 The lamp holder plate dome 80 Ignition transformer 8 1 Ferrite Body core Ο 8 1 1 Ferrite core first half 8 110 Ferrite core inside first half 8 112 Ferrite core first half side wall 8 112 1 Long recess 8 12 Iron Body core second half 814-816 Back iron ferrite 8 120 Ferrite core inner second half 8 122 Ferrite core second half side wall 8 1221 Long recess -75- 201031273 82 1 hollow cylinder 822 circular plate 823 slit 824 hollow cylindrical central core 825 first plate 826 second plate 827 fitting 85 contact body 1 85 1 first top cover surface 852 second top cover surface 86 main winding 861, 863 865 Oriented cylindrical circular member 862, 864 to the electrical contact zone connecting plate 8620, 8640 radius of the main winding strip or round piece 866-869 87 as a fixed connection plate for mechanical fixing Secondary winding 〇 871 Secondary winding internal end 872 Secondary winding external end 9 10 Ignition circuit 920 Operating circuit 930 Total operating circuit 92 1 0 DC voltage converter 9220 Rectifier 923 0 Signal generator -76-