TW201043096A - Integrated gas-discharge lamp and method of operating an integrated gas-discharge lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to an integrated gas-discharge lamp with a gas-discharge lamp igniter and an operation circuit, which has a rectifier to operate the gas-discharge lamp igniter with a low frequency rectangular current, wherein the operation circuit is designed to straighten a discharge-arc, so that a high frequency alternating current can be modulated to a low frequency rectangular current.

Description

201043096 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an integrated gas discharge lamp having a gas discharge lamp igniter and an operation circuit having a rectifier for The gas discharge lamp igniter is operated with a low frequency rectangular current. [Prior Art] The present invention relates to an integrated gas discharge lamp having a gas discharge lamp igniter and an operating circuit having a rectifier according to the independent claim of the patent application for operation with a low-frequency rectangular current The gas discharge lamp igniter. A method of operating a gas discharge lamp with a flat arc is known from EP 0 3 8 6 990 A2. This method of operation is to drive the gas discharge lamp igniter in a frequency window. The lamp current is at a carrier frequency between 32 and 48 kHz, a modulation frequency of 700 Hz, and 4. 2 仟 frequency offset (deviation) for frequency modulation. It should be noted here that the lamp power in this frequency window must be transmitted as widely and uniformly as possible, so that the triangular or zigzag modulation signal is better than the sinusoidal waveform modulation signal. By using frequency modulation, it can be confirmed that the available frequency window is wider than when driven by a pure sine wave, which is known when compared with Figs. 4a and 4b. In this frequency window, an arc flat phenomenon occurs which causes the temperature of the hot spot of the gas discharge lamp electrode to drop and the cold spot temperature to rise. A secondary circuit is provided for use in the above method of operation. This circuit consists of a 201043096 current mode controlled choke high frequency setter 'where the choke is formed by a power saving transformer, and the choke is followed by a half bridge circuit that provides high frequency lamp current. The lamp current is therefore inductively limited. The power of the lamp is adjusted by adjustment of the corresponding intermediate circuit voltage provided by the high frequency setter. The ignition of the lamp is achieved by pulse ignition, wherein the required spark discharge voltage is generated by a series of five stages of the unloaded voltage of the converter. The disadvantage of the above operation method is that the arc straightening phenomenon does not necessarily occur in every lamp, because the gas discharge lamp has a certain degree of tolerance in the process, and the ignition period of the lamp affects the frequency window. . SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an integrated gas discharge lamp having a gas discharge lamp igniter and an operation circuit, and the operation circuit has a rectifier 'to operate the gas discharge lamp igniter with a low-frequency rectangular current . Another object of the present invention is to provide a preferred method of operation for an integrated gas discharge lamp. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The above object of the present invention is achieved by an integrated gas discharge lamp having a gas discharge lamp igniter and an operating circuit, the operating circuit having a rectifier for operating the gas discharge with a low frequency rectangular current. Lamp igniter 'This integrated gas discharge lamp is characterized in that the operating circuit is designed to flatten the arcing light so that the high frequency alternating current can be converted into a low frequency rectangular current. By this measure, the discharge arc light can be straightened. -4- 201043096 The operating circuit therefore preferably has: an element for measuring the impedance of the gas discharge lamp igniter to measure in a frequency range from a minimum frequency to a maximum frequency; and a memory for storing the The frequency of the minimum impedance of the gas discharge lamp igniter. The frequency range for measuring the impedance is therefore preferably extended from 80 kHz to 300 kHz. Thus, a safe operation mode can be ensured because a frequency range in which the arc is flattened can be reliably found in a wide frequency range. When the operating circuit has a DC voltage converter whose switching frequency is equal to the frequency of the alternating current of the high frequency, the arc can be straightened in a simple and cost-effective circuit topology. In a variety of circuits, no additional circuit cost or very little additional circuit cost is required. The DC voltage converter and the rectifier are preferably sized such that the operating frequency of the DC voltage converter is modulated in the form of high frequency chopping of the rectangular current of the rectifier. Therefore, it is ensured that the existing circuit configuration can be effectively used. In another embodiment, the high frequency alternating current is generated by the signal generator and coupled to a lamp circuit between a choke and a main winding of the ignition transformer of the ignition device. This circuit configuration therefore requires additional expense, but an additional degree of freedom can be achieved in the above dimensions of the DC voltage converter. In a third embodiment, the high frequency alternating current is generated by a signal generator of the ignition device and coupled by an ignition transformer of the ignition device. This form is particularly advantageous when acting in conjunction with the resonant ignition of the integrated gas discharge lamp, so that only one circuit assembly for igniting (e.g., flattening the arc) is required. The coupling is isolated by electroplating by the ignition transformer. In order to utilize other synergies in the circuit configuration, the igniting device 201043096 signal generator must be designed to provide a higher take-over voltage to the gas discharge lamp igniter. Thus, the operational safety of the integrated gas discharge lamp can be further improved and the cost can be reduced. In a new lamp, when only the impedance of the gas discharge lamp igniter is measured in the frequency range from the minimum frequency to the maximum frequency, an optimal frequency window can be found at the beginning, so that only a little re-tracking is required during the lifetime. Just fine. The frequency range for resistance measurement is therefore preferably extended from 80 kHz to 300 kHz. Other advantageous forms and arrangements of the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention will be described in the respective dependent claims and in the following description. Further advantages, features, and details of the present invention will be described in the following examples and drawings. [Embodiment] The same or identical elements in the respective embodiments are denoted by the same reference symbols. Mechanical Integration ^ Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 of the present invention in the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the gas discharge lamp 5 will be referred to as an integrated gas discharge lamp 5, which has integrated the ignition circuit and the operation circuit in the socket of the gas discharge lamp 5. The gas discharge lamp 5 thus has no special light interface and is directly connectable to a generally expanded energy supply. In an arrangement for use as an automotive headlight, the interface of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is thus a conventional 12 volt supply for an automotive airborne power supply. In another arrangement for use as a car light, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 interface can also be 201043096 which is the future 42 volt supply for modern automotive-on-board power supplies. However, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can also be designed to be connected to a high voltage onboard power source of an electric vehicle having an accumulated voltage of, for example, 48 volts, 96 volts, 120 volts up to 360 volts. In addition, the integrated gas discharge lamp can also be designed to operate with a battery-buffered low voltage power supply in the event of a lack of power. The lamp can also be used in a low voltage-isolated power source, for example, in a mountain hut. Currently, low voltage-halogen lamps can be used in conventional low voltage systems, where conventional low voltage systems can also be used. Such a lamp exhibits advantages only in portable devices (e.g., flashlights) because no cable is required between the lamp and the operating device. Since no cables are required, other costs, cable costs, and sources of error are not required. A gas discharge lamp, hereinafter also referred to as an integrated gas discharge lamp 5, is integrated into the lamp itself as a whole to operate the desired circuitry so that the lamp can be directly connected to a conventional power source. The lamp igniter 50 is fixed by a metal clip 52 which is mounted on the four fixing pieces 53. The fixing piece is cast or sprayed in the socket 70. The socket 70 is preferably made of plastic and is formed by a spray casting method or a casting method. In order to improve the electrical shielding, the plastic of the socket 70 can be electrically conductive or coated with a metal layer. It is particularly advantageous if the metal layer of the socket is located on the outside, i.e. on the side remote from the ignition-and-operation circuits 910, 920. In addition to the metal layer, a metal conductor or a metal braid may be sputtered to form a conductive film in the wall of the socket 70. If a conductive plastic or metal coated plastic is not used, the plastic base must be enclosed by a conductive outer casing 72 of electrically conductive material (e.g., metal). The metal may be an anti-corrosive iron or a non-ferrous metal such as aluminum, magnesium or brass. A seal ring 71 (also referred to as a 〇-ring on 201043096) is located on the end of the electrically conductive outer casing 72 on the igniter side. The seal ring 71 seals the reflector. By this measure, a compact headlight system can be constructed without having to fully install the lamp into a compact headlight. Since the lamp is located outside the headlight, the ignition of the ignition and operating circuits 910, 920 in the lamp holder can be greatly improved and simplified compared to conventional constructors in which the gas discharge lamp 5 is mounted in a compact headlight. Among them, only weak cooling convection can be performed. The nearly static air in the compact headlamp described above determines the so-called thermal blockage which will greatly increase the temperature of the operating circuit compared to previous implementations. In the prior embodiment the lamp is in a separate chamber (e.g., a motor chamber) on this side remote from the light emitting face. The socket 70 terminates on the side of the base plate 74 remote from the lamp igniter 50. The socket plate 74 is preferably made of a material having good thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity (for example, aluminum or magnesium). In order to form a mechanical connection with the socket 70 and to form an electrical connection with the conductive housing 72, the housing 72 must have a plurality of connecting plates 722 on the side remote from the lamp igniter 50, in conjunction with the integrated gas When the discharge lamps 5 are combined, a bead is formed on the base plate 74 and thus the desired connection is formed. Further, with this connection technique, the lamp igniter 50, the ignition circuit 910 and the operation circuit 920 can be connected to the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 without being separated from each other. Thus, the advantage shown for the manufacture of a motor vehicle is that the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is only a part of the maintenance side when installed, compared to a conventional system consisting of an operating device and a gas discharge lamp. The small complexity makes it less costly and the risk of mistakes between components that are functionally identical but different in arrangement (generally different production versions of the operating device) can be minimized. In the case of end customers (for example, owners of motor vehicles), the advantage of 201043096 is that this reduced complexity greatly simplifies the replacement of defective integrated gas discharge lamps and the replacement rate compared to conventional techniques. Faster, simplifying the debugging process and requiring less knowledge and ability to replace lights. The omission of cables and connectors between components results in reduced cost, increased reliability, and reduced weight. The socket plate is preferably made of an aluminum pressure injection member or a magnesium pressure injection member. This is a cost-effective variant of high price 机械 mechanically and electrically. At least a conductively good connection between the surface-conducting lamp holder 70 or housing 72 and the equally conductive socket plate 74 is desirable for good electromagnetic shielding. This shielding prevents interference from adjacent motor modules or electronic modules. Moreover, this shielding ensures that the modules do not adversely affect the function of the ignition-and operation circuits 910, 920. A seal ring 73 is disposed between the base plate 74 and the base 70 to ensure a waterproof and air-proof connection between the base 70 and the base plate 74. In another embodiment, the base 70 and the base plate 74 must be formed such that the two members can be snapped together and one or both of the electrically conductive outer casing 72 and the base plate 74 are present at the snap-fit position. Multiple contact points so that the electrical shield can be well maintained. Further, a seal ring is disposed between the socket and the base plate to ensure the seal of the lamp holder on the side remote from the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Two faces are provided in the interior of the socket 70 that house the ignition-and operation circuitry. The smaller first face is closest to the lamp igniter 50 and houses an ignition circuit 910 having an ignition transformer 80. The configuration of the ignition transformer 80 will be described later. The larger second side accommodates the operational circuitry 920 required for operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The ignition-and operation circuitry can be moved to each suitable form of circuit board. Traditional circuit board, metal core circuit 201043096 board, circuit board made of LTCC technology, oxidized _ or coated metal sheet (with conductive rail) made of thin layer technology, MID or MID hot die casting technology or Plastic circuit boards made from other possible technologies are suitable for making temperature-resistant boards. The electronic components and the components forming the ignition-and operating circuitry can be located on the upper and lower sides and in the interior of the two boards, respectively. In the first figure, other electronic components or 'components' are not shown on the circuit board outside the transformer 80 for the sake of clarity. As long as the circuit board of the ignition circuit 910 and the circuit board of the operation circuit 920 are made of the same material, each circuit board can be manufactured with the same benefits. Electrical bridges may be provided between the boards as electrical connections between the boards as they are divided and mounted into the socket 70. For example, a single wire, ribbon wire or a fixed/flex circuit board can be used as a bridge. Therefore, an electrical connection between the two circuit boards must be formed so that the distance variation between the two boards of the ignition-and operation circuit can be undamaged during thermal expansion (especially thermal cycling stress). Was overcome. Thus, a wire of sufficient length and space can be provided in the outer casing. Alternatively, one or more pin-and bushing strips may be used which are measured and configured to allow thermal expansion in the longitudinal direction of the zero gas discharge lamp igniter of the two boards and in all cases This ensures an electrical connection. Thus, the pin of the pin is disposed, for example, perpendicular to the surface of the respective circuit board, and the lead length of the bushing must be measured so that the path of the bushing for each pin can be compared to the inside of the bushing due to thermal expansion. The path required is still long. The circuit board for the ignition circuit 910 has an electrically conductive shielding surface on the side facing the operation circuit such that interference due to high voltage in the ignition circuit is as far as possible from the operation circuit. In the metal circuit board or metal -10- 201043096 core circuit board, the shielding surface already exists. In other circuit boards, it is preferable to mount a copper surface or the like on the side. If a metal core circuit board is used, the ignition transformer 80 can also be cooled, which is subjected to a particularly high thermal load due to its proximity to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The electrically conductive shielding surface between the ignition circuit 910 and the operating circuit 920 can also be formed by a metal sheet mounted between the two circuit boards and electrically conductively connected to the electrically conductive outer casing 72. connection. If the shielding surface is also used to cool the ignition transformer 80, it is advantageous when the metal sheet is thermally bonded to the electrically conductive outer casing 72, for example, by a thermally conductive foil or a heat conductive paste. The circuit board 920 for the operation circuit 920 is sandwiched between the socket 70 and the socket plate 74. The circuit board for the operating circuit 920 has annular grounding conductor tracks (so-called grounding rings) on its upper and lower sides, which are electrically connected to each other due to the contact holes. Each contact hole is generally called a through hole and is a contact hole that extends through a circuit board. The grounding ring forms an electrical contact region to the socket plate 74 by the clamping action between the socket 70 and the socket plate 74. This ensures that the operating circuit 920 is made by the crimping plate 722. The electrically conductive outer casing 7 2 forms a ground connection. Fig. 2 is an exploded view showing the mechanical members of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 in the first embodiment. The base is square 'but in principle the base can also have a variety of other suitable forms. Other forms that are particularly advantageous are circular, hexagonal, octagonal or rectangular. In order to determine the profile of this embodiment, it is necessary to cut through the outer casing containing the circuit to be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the gas discharge 'lighter 50 and to view the formed profile'. The circle on the edge of the casing is now negligible. Therefore, in the form of the first embodiment -11-201043096 which is not shown in Figs. 1 and 2, two squares are formed depending on whether the selected slice is closer to the ignition circuit 910 or closer to the operation circuit 920. The first embodiment is thus an embodiment relating to a square. The first outer shape formed near the ignition circuit 910 is smaller than the second outer shape' which is related to the size of the circuit board of the ignition circuit 910 being smaller than the size of the operation circuit board 920. However, this is not necessarily the case and the implementations in the two profiles have the same rating and therefore only show a single profile. Also, the two geometric shapes of the shape do not have to be the same in different regions. In the region of the ignition circuit, a small circular shape and a large hexagonal shape in the region of the operating circuit are shown in a particularly advantageous embodiment. As described above, the circuit board for the operation circuit 920 is sandwiched between the socket 70 and the socket plate 74. The seal ring 73 is located between the socket 70 and the socket plate 74 as in the circuit board for the operation circuit 920 and is disposed outside the circuit board for the operation circuit 920. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 of the present invention in the second embodiment. The second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment' so that only differences from the first embodiment are described. In the second embodiment, the ignition circuit 910 and the operation circuit 920 are disposed on a circuit board in a common plane to become the total operation circuit 93 0. By such a measure, the socket of the gas discharge lamp 5 of the present invention can be formed relatively flat, which also allows a headlight using the gas discharge lamp 5 to exhibit a small depth. The ignition transformer 80 is located in the center of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The center point of the ignition transformer 80 is preferably located in the longitudinal axis of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The current conductor for the gas discharge lamp igniter electrode near the lamp holder extends inwardly into the central portion of the ignition transformer -12-201043096. The ignition transformer is not on the board but is located away from the end of the gas discharge lamp igniter at the same end as the side of the circuit board remote from the gas discharge lamp igniter. The board of the total operating circuit 93 0 is vacated at this position so that the transformer 80 can be inserted into the board of the total operating circuit 930. Improved electromagnetic compatibility, the housing can be provided with a plurality of walls and chambers by means of aluminum or molybdenum metal strips, and thus electrical, magnetic and/or electrical properties can be achieved between different circuit components - and the environment Electromagnetic shielding. It can also be achieved by other measures, in particular, a cavity can be formed in the sputter cast lamp holder 74 and the lamp holder 70 to easily achieve the inside of the outer casing of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. It is the periphery of the ignition transformer 80 and the total operation circuit 930 that is poured by the potting material. This has various advantages, so that the arc can be arcuate, in particular, the arc generated by the ignition transformer, and the circuit can ensure good heat removal, and can form a mechanically strong unit, which can resist special special The impact of the environment (eg, moisture acceleration). In particular, in order to reduce the weight, it is also possible to carry out only the pouring, for example, only in the region of the ignition transformer 80. Fig. 8 is the integrated gas 5 of the present invention in the third embodiment. The third embodiment is similar to the first embodiment, and therefore only the differences of the embodiments are described. In the third embodiment, the socket plate 74 is provided with cooling ribs. The socket 70 and the electrically conductive outer casing 72 are also provided with cooling ribs. In addition, the operation of the circuit board of the operation circuit 92 0 is achieved by the lamp holder board, because the lamp holder board has an electric charge mounted on the inner side thereof to ignite at a large height in order to make the mutual shielding process. In the 〇g area (on the second side), the part that prevents the electric fly from functioning is very high: pouring. The discharge lamp and the first region which can be equally electrically non-conducting -13,430,096,96, for example, an area composed of anodized aluminum, which is provided with an electrically conductive structure (for example, a conductive rail made of a thick layer technique) And can be electrically connected to the components of the overall operating circuit, for example by soldering. By such a measure, the operating circuit 920 can be cooled particularly well because it is mounted directly on a heat sink. Preferably, the cooling ribs are formed to facilitate natural convection in the assembled position of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. If the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is to be operated in different assembly positions, the surface for cooling can also be formed correspondingly and, for example, by circular, hexagonal, square or rectangular fingers so that it can be A natural convection is made in the spatial direction. As in the first embodiment, the ignition circuit 910 seeks space on the circuit board above it and is electrically connected to the operation circuit 920 by appropriate measures. This can be achieved by spring contact or plug contact, but can also be achieved by a conductive rail extending in the socket or a conductive rail cast on the inside of the socket, each conductor rail being associated with the ignition circuit 910 and the operating circuit 920 connected. Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 of the present invention in the fourth embodiment. The fourth embodiment is similar to the second embodiment, and therefore only the differences from the second embodiment will be described. In the fourth embodiment, the socket plate 74 is realized by a metal core circuit board which is provided on the inner side and thus also on the single side as in the previous embodiment. However, the base plate 74 is not a plate like the one shown in Fig. 4 but a lamp holder cup having a highly stretched side wall. Hereinafter, for the sake of clarity, the socket plate is also referred to as a socket cup. The lamp holder cup is also composed of a material that conducts heat well. A particularly suitable material is a metal alloy which can be deformed well, for example, by deep drawing. Also quite appropriate -14 - 201043096 The material is a thermally conductive plastic that can be introduced into a mold by sputtering. In the present embodiment, the socket 70 having the reference ring 702 and the reference section 703 is formed by a hexagonal plate, the igniter in the interior of the reference ring being calibrated and fixed on the socket 7〇. The socket cup houses the total operating circuit 93 0 which seeks space on a particular circuit board or on the inner bottom of the socket cup. The plug contact area is mounted on the current conductors 56 and 57 of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 and engages in a corresponding opposing contact area of the socket cup when forming the socket cup and the socket 70 to form a reliable contact . If the socket cup and socket 70 are constructed of metal, the two components can be joined by a bead like a coffee box or can. However, as shown in Fig. 9, it is also possible to form only a plurality of connecting plates of the socket cup on the socket to produce a mechanically and electrically good connection. However, in order to form a joint, a conventional welding and welding method can also be used. If the socket cup and socket 70 are constructed of plastic, the connection is preferably achieved by ultrasonic welding. This achieves a reliable and fixed connection which also achieves an electrically conductive connection when the plastic is electrically conductive. However, this connection can also be achieved by appropriate fastening, in which case a suitable fastening nose or notch must be provided on the lamp holder cup or socket 7〇. Hereinafter, the diameter (D) and height (h) of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 are defined broadly irrespective of the geometry for use in the simpler description. The height (h) of the integrated gas discharge lamp means the reference surface (described in more detail below) to the maximum distance of the socket plate (74) away from the outer side of the lamp. The diameter (D) refers to the longest path in the plane of the integrated gas discharge lamp, wherein the plane extends parallel to the reference plane and extends from -15 to 201043096. The following table shows several geometric data of different forms of the fourth embodiment shown in Fig. 9 of the gas discharge lamp 5: _ diameter length or height h body mass D/h A .  5 0 watt·light 10 0 3 5 275 5 10 2. 86 B · 3 5 watts - lamp 100 25 196 178 4. 00 C. 25 watt-light, standard deformation 70 25 99 139 2. 80 D .  1 8 watt-light, super flat deformation 1〇〇 15 120 168 6. 67 E. 45 watts - lamp, coffee box deformation 4 0 50 63 52 0. 80 F. 7 watt-light, used in flashlight 40 3 5 44 36 1. 14 The different forms of electrical power shown in the table, 7 watts to 50 watts, are related to the normalized electrical power of a gas discharge lamp igniter. Different geometries and data of the same gas discharge lamp igniter are used here. As can be seen from Fig. 4, the lamp holder of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 of the second and fourth embodiments has a hexagonal form, which has various advantages. On the one hand, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is well engaged 'to be inserted into a specific position. Alternatively, the integrated circuit of the integrated operational circuit 930 can be used to produce a smaller (cut) headstock and thus can be more cost effective. By means of the planar arrangement of the lampholders, a shortly constructed headlight can be formed, which is advantageous in particular in modern motor vehicles. Point-to--16-201043096 The form of the hexagon is used in this application. It enjoys all the advantages of a circular form but does not have the disadvantage of a circular form. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, on one side of the lamp holder 70, the contact areas 210, 220 are directed in the radial direction toward the longitudinal axis of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 by the lamp holder. Outstanding. Each contact zone serves to electrically contact the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 with the headlight. Each contact zone is sputtered by a plastic-sputter casting method when the lamp holder 70' is manufactured. This has the advantage that no special plug system is required, but the water repellency and hermetic encapsulation as described above are still ensured. Fig. 5 is a view showing the interface between the headlight 3/integrated gas discharge lamp 5. In the second embodiment, the gas discharge lamp 5 has a special electrical interface whereby electrical power can be supplied to the gas discharge lamp 5. This electrical interface must be formed so that when the gas discharge lamp 5 is inserted into the headlight 3, the gas discharge lamp 5 can be mechanically connected not only to the headlight 3 but also electrically. Interfaces of this type are also used in halogen incandescent lamps for today's automotive headlights and are sold under the trade name "Snap Lite" by the company Osr am. 〇If the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is inserted into a reflector or a headlight, all mechanical and electrical contact areas required for regular operation during insertion must be opposite to existing ones in the headlights. The contact areas are connected. The socket 70 has a section 703 protruding from a reference ring 702 at its interface to the headlight 3, which defines a reference plane. The detail map is shown in Figure 7. The three sections are positioned on the corresponding opposing parts of the headlight 3 when the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is inserted. The electrode or discharge arc of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is adjusted for the reference surface in the process of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. Thus, the arc of the integrated -17-201043096 type gas discharge lamp 5 occupies a defined position in the reflector when the lamp 5 is inserted into the headlight, which can result in accurate optical imaging. In the second embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, the "insertion to the headlight" is inserted through the bottom of the reflector of the headlight 3 by the connecting plate 704 protruding laterally from the reference ring. Achieved. Then, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is rotated relative to the reflector 33, and the section 703 (which is mounted on the side of the socket side of the connecting plate 704) then pulls the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 inwardly and At the end of the rotation, snap into the reference plane on the reflector base. The seal ring 71 is thus compressed and the system is stopped under stress so that the section 703 is stressed against the reference surface present in the reflector base. Thus, the position of the discharge arc of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and the gas discharge lamp burner 50 can be accurately adjusted to the reflector 33 and the position can be fixed. More than 0 in all three spatial directions of the above headlight interface. High repeatability of 1 mm better mechanical positioning enables an optically superior headlamp system. Such headlamp systems are particularly useful in motor vehicles, after such headlamp systems have shown a significant and perfectly defined light-dark-boundary in a suitable form. A suitable headlight 3 therefore has a light-guiding element in the form of a reflector 3 3 , a receiving area for the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 , and a carrier part 35 , on which a terminal element is arranged, which is provided with the integrated The opposing contact areas required for the electrical contact regions 210, 220, 230, 240 of the gas discharge lamp 5. The electrical contact regions 210, 220, 230, 240 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 project radially from the socket 70 toward the longitudinal axis of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Each contact zone is used to supply electrical energy to the overall operational circuit 930. After the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is mounted in the headlight -18-201043096 by the mounting process, the contact areas 210, 220' 230' 240 are disposed in the slits 351, 3 52 of the terminal member 35. As shown in Fig. 6, the installation process is related to the plug movement performed after the right-rotation movement. The slits 351, 352 refer to the slits required for the opposing contact regions 350 of the respective contact regions 210, 220, 230, 240 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. The plug of the prior art for providing a connection cable for contact with the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 in the headlight can therefore be omitted. The electrical contact area of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, in particular when it is inserted into the headlight, can be in direct contact with the opposing contact area 350 of the terminal element on the carrier portion 35. The mechanical load of the electrical terminal is reduced by a freely swingable cable. In addition, the number of connection cables required in each headlamp can be reduced and the risk of errors in the process can be reduced. Moreover, the above measures can achieve a higher degree of automation in the process of the headlights, because fewer cables are required to be installed. In the prior art, all of the light sources in the headlights were supplied with energy by a plug that was plugged into the base and provided with a connecting cable. However, in the headlamp of the present invention, the existing supply contact area of the headlight is connected to the onboard power supply voltage, which is sufficient to supply energy to the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. The lamp in the headlight is powered by the power contact area of the headlight, which is achieved by means of a fixed wire in the headlight. The wires of the headlight 3 or the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can thus be greatly simplified. Another form of mechanical adjustment is shown in the first embodiment of the lamp in Figures 1 and 2. Here, a plurality of segments 703 are disposed on the side of the reference ring 702 facing the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. In this form, section 703 is located on the opposite opposite side of the reflector to define the position of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 for the reflector 33. The integrated gas -19-201043096 body discharge lamp 5 is pressed against the reference surface of the reflector 33 from the rear. However, this form has the disadvantage that the tolerance of the position between the inside of the optically effective reflector and the reference surface on the back side of the reflector must be accurate to achieve an accurate optical imaging effect. The system of the headlight interface of the second embodiment is also suitable for achieving a more simplified cable connection in modern automotive systems. Therefore, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 has contact areas 23 0, 24 〇 ' in addition to the two electrical contact regions 210, 220 to thereby communicate with the onboard circuit of the motor vehicle. The terminal element 35 has two slits 351, 352 each having an opposing contact area. In another embodiment not shown, there are only three electrical contact regions on the lamp, two of which are used to supply the electrical power of the lamp, and a circuit-input terminal is also referred to as a remote-enable-connector. The foot, by means of the pin, allows the lamp to be switched on or off with little or no power by means of the onboard circuitry of the motor vehicle. The above-mentioned "Snap Lite," interface has the following advantages in addition to the advantage of not replacing the electrical terminal: Since the lamp is supplied with power only when it is in a specific position in the headlight, the gas discharge lamp The current lead 57 of the igniter 5 remote from the socket is only contacted when the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is safely operated from the outside. The safety in the environment with such a high pressure discharge lamp is thus greatly improved. By simply installing the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 into the headlight 3, the end customer can replace the lamp. Thus, the integrated customer's integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is more cost effective because of the replacement. It is not necessary to look for the working chamber when the lamp is in. Also, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is inserted into the reflector 33, which can be grounded to the headlight housing by -20-201043096. This can be fixed, for example, by The spring strip on the reflector 33 and connected to the ground potential of the motor vehicle is realized. When the lamp is inserted into the headlight, the spring strip will be electrically conductive with the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. The face contacts and forms an electrical connection between the ground of the motor vehicle and the internal ground of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 or the ground cover. This contact can be achieved, for example, on the side wall or on the front side of the outer casing 72. In this case, the ground connection is achieved by the electrically conductive sealing ring 71. If the outer surface of the outer casing is not electrically conductive or is not fully conductive, the spring strip is contacted on the contact surface on the outer surface of the outer surface of the integrated gas discharge lamp. The contact surface can form an electrically conductive connection to the internal ground of the integrated gas discharge lamp or to the ground shield. A fifth embodiment having a conventional interface to the headlight is shown in Fig. 31. The integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and the reference surface 702 are pressed by a fixing clip 705 on the corresponding opposite surface of the headlight receiving area. The integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is formed in a conventional manner with the headlight. Electrically connected. The fixed retainer 70 5 is used to connect the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 to the reference surface 702 on the receiving area in the headlight, and thus accurately set the optical system of the headlight The orientation of the electrode in the system. The electrode 504 of the igniter 50 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 must be adjusted for the reference surface 702 during the process of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. When integrated into the headlight, the integrated type The arc of the gas discharge lamp 5 occupies a defined position in the reflector 33, which achieves an accurate optical imaging effect. By the spring action of the fixing clip 705, in complex conditions (for example, in a headlight of a motor vehicle) The imaging effect can also be ensured under the vibration that occurs. The fixing clip is hooked on the headlight side to a guide groove 70 5 1 in the period of 21-201043096, and the fixing clip is fixed in the guide groove, but can be used in the lamp. It is easily removed from the guide groove. The retaining clip 705 is embossed to the base plate 74 at the bottom side 7053. However, the retaining clip may not have a ridge and thus be positioned on the rib of the base plate. By means of the fifth embodiment of the gas discharge lamp 5, a simple and cost-effective engagement of the headlight is achieved, which in no way limits the accuracy of the optical system of the headlight. The ignition transformer η V is hereinafter described, and the ignited structure of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 will be described in detail. Fig. 10 shows a diagram of an ignition transformer 80 of the first embodiment, wherein the ignition transformer 80 has a square planar form. Other embodiments are also possible in which the ignition transformer 80 is shaped, hexagonal, octagonal or other suitable form. Other implementations will be detailed below. The term "formation" here refers to the form of the base surface of the outer dimension of the igniting transformer, wherein the circular shape on each edge can be neglected in a particularly advantageous embodiment, the prism having a small meandering, in particular less than Forming the diagonal of the geometrical form of the base or 1/3 ° The igniting transformer 80 has a ferrite core 81, a ferrite core half 811 and the same second ferrite core half Composed of. The ignition transformer 80 has a plurality of outwardly facing plates 868, 869 on the sides for effecting the ignition of the ignition transformer 80. Fig. 11 is a perspective view showing the upper portion of the ignition transformer, which is replaced by two 70 5 views of the present invention. However, it has a circular shape in the form of a cylinder. This height, which is diametrically unobstructed by the central main winding -22-201043096 group and the second ferrite core half 812 of the first portion 812. The first ferrite core half 811 is composed of a square side wall 8112, and a half hollow cylinder 8110 is inwardly centered to protrude from the side wall. The inner side of the side wall 8112 of the square has an elongated recess 81121 extending outwardly inwardly on this side facing the winding. The ignition transformer 80 is led to the impregnating varnish or potting material after completion of the high voltage insulation. By these recesses, the impregnating varnish or the castable substance can be intruded into the ignition transformer 80 from the outside to the inside to uniformly wet the entire winding of the ignition transformer 80. On the outer edge between the two ferrite core halves 811, 812 there is a main winding 86 which is formed by a punched bend formed by a strip. The strip is preferably made of a non-ferrous metal such as copper, brass or bronze. The strip is preferably elastic and deformable. Main winding 86 is essentially a long strip that extends outwardly between the two ferrite core halves 811' 812. The primary winding 86 extends in the first form by only one winding via the three corners of the ignition transformer 80, and the fourth corner is open. The strip of the primary winding 86 is thus a three-quarter winding around the shape of the ignition transformer and a gadget terminates before the fourth corner, respectively. The strip of the main winding 86 has the above-described webs 866' 867' 868 and 869 which are mounted in the lateral direction of the strip. The four webs are used to mechanically secure the ignition transformer 80, which can thus be soldered to the circuit board of the ignition circuit 910 to form a flat SMD-connector or soldering flag. However, each of the connecting plates may have another 90 degree-bend, wherein each of the connecting plates is inserted through the circuit board of the ignition circuit 910 and rotated or welded on the other side, as shown in Fig. 12. The two ends of the strip of main winding 86 are bent outwardly at a radius of -23-201043096 to approximately 180 degrees, with the ends being further joined by a fourth portion. In Figure 12, the two ends are outwardly bent to form approximately 90 8620 or 8640. Connecting plates 862' 8 64 projecting outwardly on the outer ends of the strips serve as electrical contacts. Another embodiment of the two webs 862, 864 is shown. The softness formed by the 180 degree range of the path 8620 or 8640 is then absorbed by the temperature fluctuation force in the connection between the main winding and the board. Each of the connecting plates is preferably a circuit board such as an SMD-component igniting circuit 910. The above-mentioned mechanical stress is not applied by the 180 welding position of the above-mentioned web, and the risk of fatigue of the welding position f is greatly lowered. The connecting plates 862, 864 have an additional 270 radius in the web itself which further reduces the mechanical stress. In the central portion of the hollow cylindrical interior of the ferrite core, electrical contact is made between the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 and the internal terminals of the secondary winding. The contact body 85 is composed of Ο which is connected to the current lead 56 of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The contact body has two top cover faces away from the end to be in contact with the high pressure discharge lamp electrode body 85, preferably two cover faces 851 and 852' on the two phases away from the end of the lighter. They are inclined to each other, and the contact body 85 is formed such that the two cap faces are in contact with each other so that the current wires 56 of the high-pressure gas discharge lamp igniter 5 are tight. Here, the two top cover faces 851 and 852 are directed outwardly at the two corners and the radius is mounted in a lateral direction. In FIG. 12, the two semi-bonding regions are caused to be welded at the point. Then, the fracture is placed - and the other assembled state is fitted with a contact body 87 (not shown). The curved portion is close to the end of the lamp holder. The side of the contact-facing side of the saddle-shaped roof is centrally joined by the top cover. -24- 201043096 The end of the contact has a V-shaped contour. However, this profile is also circular or processed in other suitable ways. At the time of installation, the current conductor 56 is inserted through the contact body 85 and reaches a predetermined state, and then preferably soldered to the contact body 85 by laser. Figure 12 shows a perspective view of the lower portion of the ignition transformer. Figure 12 also shows a second ferrite core half 812 which is identical in form to the first ferrite core half 81 and also consists of a square side wall 8 1 22 with a half hollow cylinder 8120 in the center The side wall 8122 protrudes inward. The inner side of the side wall 8122 of the square has an elongated recess 81221 extending inwardly and inwardly. The side of the contact body 85 adjacent to the igniter can be seen in Fig. 12, which has a hexagonal open form and a through current lead 56. If the two halves are combined, a hollow cylinder can be formed in the interior in which the contact body is mounted. The ferrite core 81 has a form of a clay belt- or film reel after combination and the shape is not a circle but a square having a rounded corner. At the first corner, the ignition transformer has a first back iron-ferrite 814. The second and third corners are also provided with a second back iron-ferrite 815 and a third back iron-ferrite 816. The three back iron-ferrites are held by the main winding group 86. Here, the strip of the main winding 86 has cylindrical members 861, 863 and 865 which are cylindrical toward the inside at three corners, with the back iron-ferrites 814 to 816 interposed therebetween. The three back iron ferrites 814 to 816 are reliably held in place by elastically deformable materials during production. The back iron-ferrite is the magnetic back iron that ignites the transformer 8〇, thereby keeping the magnetic field lines in the magnet material, and does not cause dry-25-201043096 disturbance outside the ignition transformer. This in turn makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the ignition transformer, in particular the magnitude of the ignition voltage. Figure 13 is a perspective view of the lower portion of the ignition transformer 80. The secondary winding 87' is shown disposed in the first core half 81 2 of the ignition transformer 80. The secondary winding 87 is wound by an insulating metal strip which is wound on a thin form of the elementary body core like a film having a predetermined number of windings, wherein the end for guiding the high pressure is located in the form of iron passing through the film reel The central core of the core body is electrically connected to the body 85. The insulating layer may be applied on all sides, but the insulating layer may also be composed of an insulating foil which is wound with gold. The insulating foil is preferably wider than the metal strip to ensure an insulating distance. The metal foil must therefore be wound with an insulating foil to center the insulating foil. Thus, a spiral shape is formed in the wound body which is impregnated with the impregnating varnish or cast material after dipping or casting and the secondary winding 87 is excellently insulated. The wide secondary winding 87 is connected at its inner end 871 for guiding the high voltage. The secondary winding 87 is used to direct the low voltage end 872 to be connected to the main winding 86. The connections may be formed by bake or other suitable means of attachment. In this embodiment, it is achieved by laser welding. Preferably, two fuses are applied to each end to reliably electrically connect the two portions to each other. The secondary winding end 871 is sandwiched by two hollow cylindrical semitones 8 120 of the ferrite core 81. The outer end 872 of the secondary winding 87 is connected to the end of the main winding 86, so that the roll of the secondary winding 87 can be made of a ferrite, and the inside of the film reel, the contact metal strip is enough to be located in the gap. Therefore, it is possible to connect with the external t, fuse the connection points, 87110 within 87, so it must be opposite to the winding direction of the main winding 86 in the direction -26-201043096. However, depending on the demand, the outer end of the secondary winding 87 may also be connected to the other end of the main winding 86 such that the winding direction of the main winding and the secondary winding are the same. In the following, the diameter and height of the ignition transformer 80 already installed in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 will be defined based on the size of the ferrite, regardless of the geometric form of the gas discharge lamp 5, for a simple description. . The height of the ignition transformer refers to the distance between the two side walls away from the two outer surfaces of the winding, which is close to the sum of the thickness of one side wall and the width of the winding (sum). The diameter of the ignition transformer 80, in relation to the form of the side wall, refers to the longest path in the interior of one of the two side walls' where the path lies in any plane that extends parallel to the outer surface of the respective side wall. In a particularly advantageous form, the ferrite core of the ignition transformer has a height of 8 mm and a diameter of 26 mm. Each side wall has a diameter of 26 mm and a thickness of 2 mm and the central core has n. The diameter of 5 mm and the height is 6 mm. The secondary winding consists of 42 Kapton foil windings with a foil width of 5. 5 mm and a thickness of 55 microns. A copper layer of 4 mm wide and 35 μm thick concentrated in the longitudinal direction was applied to the foil. In another particularly advantageous form, the secondary winding is wound from two spaced apart overlapping foils, wherein a 75 micron thick copper foil and a 5 inch thick Kapton foil are used. In both forms, the secondary winding is electrically conductively coupled to a main winding comprising a winding. The main winding is controlled by a pulse generating unit comprising a spark gap of 800 volts. Fig. 14 is a view showing the decomposition of the ignition transformer 80 in the second embodiment -27- 201043096. Since the second embodiment of the ignition transformer 80 is similar to the following, only the differences from the first embodiment will be described below. The ignition transformer 80 of the type has a circular form, similar to a thin form. By means of a circular form, the back iron-ferrite 8 is not required and the main winding 86 has a relatively simple form. The laterally projecting webs used for the transformer are here with a 270 degree bend in the SMD-connector to protect the joints from stress. Two connecting plates 862, 864 for electrical contact are formed and arranged around the ignition transformer 80 in the radial direction. The ferrite core 82 is constructed in three parts and has a hollow circular core 821 which is closed at the two ends by a circular plate 822 at the center of the hollow cylinder 821, thus forming the above form. The hollow cylinder has a slit 823 (the inner end of the secondary winding 87 cannot be seen in the figure and the inside of the hollow cylinder is shown in Fig. 15 is the ignition transformer diagram in the second embodiment. Here, the ferrite core 81 The structure can be well pulled to recognize the slit 823, thereby penetrating the secondary winding end. Figure 16 is the ignition transformer in the third embodiment; ^ shows the two-winding main winding. The embodiment 80 is very similar to the second embodiment, and only the difference from the first is described below. In the third embodiment, the ignition transformer 80 has two windings. The metal strip of the main winding 86 thus nearly surrounds the device twice. Attached to the two ends is a connecting plate for mechanically fixing the 14 to 816 of the second embodiment of the film roll, which has a mechanically fixed structure to the second embodiment. The central closure. The film reel of the circular plate) is passed through 15. Section 8 of the :: stretch. In the figure, the internal end 1 exploded view of 87, the main winding of the ignited transformer 2 embodiment has the electrical contact formed by the ignited transformer -28-201043096 80, and each connecting plate is used in the form of SMD-form It is not necessary to make the ignition transformer 80 mechanically. The ignition transformer 80 must therefore be additionally machined, for example by clamping the ignition transformer 80 as shown. The ignition transformer 80 is clamped between the sockets 70. The base plate 74 thus has a base plate dome 74 1, which protrudes and suppresses the ignition transformer in the mounted state, so that the ignition transformer 80 can be well drained and becomes very hot during operation. It is very close to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 of the lamp 5. By the heat conduction, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 enters to the ignition 1 and is partially discharged to make the ignition transformer 80 have %. FIG. 17 is the ignition pattern in the third embodiment, which shows the two windings. The main winding of the type. The core structure of this facet body core 82. The ferrite core 82 is composed of three parts, that is, consisting of a middle V plate 82 5,826. The central core 824 also has a fitting 82 7 on one end that grips in the first section and secures the first panel to the central core 824. There is a circular section having an inner diameter equal to the central core second plate which is inserted after the secondary winding and the main winding are mounted and thus fixed. The second plate is plugged up on the windings to achieve magnetic flux in the ignition transformer 80. To form. The fixed connecting plate of this embodiment is fixed by mechanical means. : To achieve, such as the third and the base plate 74 which is the 80 on the base plate. This kind of construction. The ignition transformer integrated gas discharge is good for the lamp holder plate 74, and the heat of the pressure device 80 is [ground cooling. The cut-away view of the presser 80 shows the iron well as the second embodiment of the central core 824 and the two hollow cylinders and in the circular section of the limb 825. The second plate 8 2 6 is also the outer diameter of 824. The operation of the igniter of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 will be described below by plugging it in the central core until it is placed in the second possible -29-201043096 asymmetric ignition pulse. Figure 18a is a connection diagram of an asymmetrical pulse igniter in the prior art. In an asymmetric igniter, the ignition transformer TIP is coupled to a conductor of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 (herein represented by an equivalent circuit diagram). This can result in an ignition pulse that produces a voltage from the ground reference potential in only one "direction", wherein most of the ground reference potential is connected to another conductor of the gas discharge lamp igniter; And generating a voltage pulse wave that is positive for the ground reference potential or generating a voltage pulse that is negative to the ground reference potential. The mode of action of the asymmetric pulse wave igniter is also known and will not be described here. The asymmetrical voltage is suitable for lamps with a single-sided socket, since the ignition voltage is applied only to one of the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp igniter. Thus, the electrode close to the lamp holder is usually chosen because it is not accessible and therefore does not create a dangerous potential for humans in improper use. A voltage that is dangerous to humans is not applied to the normally open return conductor, so that a lamp operated with an asymmetric igniter ensures a certain degree of safety. However, an asymmetrical igniter has the disadvantage of applying a complete ignition voltage to the electrodes of the gas discharge lamp. Therefore, losses due to corona discharge and other high voltage related effects will increase. This means that only a portion of the generated ignition voltage can be effectively applied to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Thus, a high ignition voltage should be generated when needed, which is laborious and expensive. Figure 18b is a connection diagram of a prior art symmetrical pulse igniter. -30- 201043096 A symmetrical pulse wave igniter has an ignition transformer Tip whose two secondary windings together form a magnetic coupling with the main winding. The two secondary windings must be oriented such that the voltages produced by the two secondary windings are summed on the lamp. Thus, this voltage is divided into approximately half on the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp. As mentioned above, the losses caused by corona discharge and other parasitic effects are therefore reduced. The reason for the higher ignition voltage in symmetrical pulse ignition is only clear when the parasitic capacitance is considered in more detail. Thus, the lamp equivalent circuit of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 in Fig. 18b is considered. The larger component or even the largest component of the lamp's parasitic capacitance CLa is not caused by the lamp itself but by the connection between the lamp and the ignition unit, for example, by the lamp wires. However, the parasitic capacitance includes not only the parasitic capacitance of the conductor to the conductor, but also the parasitic capacitance between the conductor and the environment. If simply starting with the description of the centralized energy storage, the parasitic capacitance between the two conductors or between the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp can be combined into CLa, 2, as shown in Figure 18b. The parasitic capacitance existing between the conductor and the environment is modeled by CLa > 1 and CLa, 3. Below, the potential of the environment (for example, the outer casing) is in space

U is considered to be fixed and represented by a ground symbol, as this does not have to be the same as PE or PEN in the concept of a low voltage power supply. Again, it should start with a symmetrical construction and therefore start with =. The parasitic capacitance of the lamp becomes CLaj+iaCLa, according to the expanded equivalent circuit. The difference between asymmetrical pulse ignition and symmetrical pulse ignition becomes apparent when considering that the converter and the ignition unit have parasitic capacitance with respect to the environment. This is partly due to deliberate improvement (for example, power supply wavers) and is generally much larger than the parasitic capacitance of the lamp considered above with respect to the environment -31- 201043096, and therefore considering the ignition of the circuit at ambient potential The time can start from a different point. When the voltage UW is ignored, CLa,i and cLa,2 are charged to the ignition voltage in the case of asymmetric ignition. Conversely, in the case of symmetrical ignition, cLa 2 is charged to the ignition voltage and CLail and CLa, 3 are respectively charged to one half of the ignition voltage. Under the assumption of a symmetrical configuration, i.e., CLa > 1 = CLa, 3, the energy required to charge the parasitic capacitance when the symmetrical pulse is ignited is less than that of the asymmetric '. In extreme cases, the ignition unit of Figure 18a consumes almost twice as much energy as compared to Figure 18b.其它 Another advantage of symmetrical ignition is that the dielectric strength required for the environment is small 'this is due to the voltage generated 1115. 1,1 and uls() 1,2 only the voltage generated by asymmetric ignition, UISC)1 Half of the cockroaches. This also shows the disadvantages and causes of symmetrical pulse ignition, so it is usually not usable: in symmetrical ignition, the two terminals of the lamp transmit high voltage, which is usually not allowed for safety reasons, due to the many lamp configurations. Or one of the two terminals of the lamp holder configuration that can contact the lamp 'usually is the distal end (also referred to as the rear conductor of the lamp) that can contact the lamps. C) ^ One This is not obvious: the symmetrical ignition method can be optimally applied to gas discharge lamps with lamp holders on both sides, the mechanical structure of which is designed to be symmetrical. In a gas discharge lamp having a socket on one side, the ignition voltage is problematic as described above, and the ignition voltage is applied to an open gas discharge lamp electrode that can be reached by the user and away from the lamp holder. Another problem is the voltage applied to the gas discharge lamp electrode remote from the lamp holder with respect to the potential of the reflector. The reflector is mounted in a gas discharge lamp and is typically grounded. Therefore, a high voltage is present between the back conductor of the electrode remote from the lamp holder and the reflector at the moment of ignition. This will cause arcing on the anti-32-201043096, thus causing an error function. For this reason, symmetrical ignition is not suitable for gas discharge lamps with a single-sided socket. In addition, it must be noted that the cost of insulation increases with the voltage to be insulated rather than linearly. According to the nonlinear effect in the insulating material, the distance between the two conductors must be twice as large as the original when the voltage is doubled, so that arcing/breakdown does not occur. In addition to the pure capacitance characteristics considered above in the environment or the added insulating material, the field strength formed in a specific voltage or insulating material and the interface, in the insulating material due to corona discharge, partial discharge, etc. The resulting conversion of effective power is no longer negligible. In the above equivalent circuit diagram, a non-linear resistor must be added in parallel with the capacitor. In this view, symmetrical pulse ignition is superior to asymmetric pulse ignition. Finally, it should be noted that starting from the specific voltage load of the insulating material, the insulating material ages rapidly and thus the life of the insulating material can be much improved if the voltage drops only little. ^.., a good trade-off (which combines the advantages of the above two ignition methods) is

CJ uses an asymmetric pulse ignition method, as shown in Fig. 19, which has a structure similar to symmetrical ignition, and of course has. Two secondary windings with different large winding numbers. The disadvantage of symmetrical ignition is that the back conductor is inadvertently contacted by the user during ignition and the user unintentionally contacts the high voltage metal portion. In the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 having the headlight interface shown in Fig. 5, the above-mentioned contact phenomenon does not occur because the voltage supply of the circuit is achieved only by being inserted into the headlight. Therefore, it is impossible to make contact with the back conductor of the electrode away from the lamp holder (which is used to guide the voltage of 33-201043096) when the headlight is not damaged. As mentioned above, it is also not possible here to use a pair of ignitions, which must take into account the arcing on the generally grounded reflector. This suggests an asymmetric ignition, which for example ignites the electricity close to the lamp holder. 3/4 of the voltage, and for example, 1/4 of the voltage is applied to the electrode remote from the lamp holder. The exact voltage between the electrodes of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 (i.e., the adjacent first electrode and the second electrode remote from the socket) is therefore related to many factors, the size of the lamp, and the lamp holder configuration. The voltage ratio between the first electrode adjacent to the second electrode and the second electrode remote from the lamp holder is 22:1 to 5:4. Produced by the back conductor of the ignition transformer TIP - two sets of IPSR. . . The voltage of 8 kV is generated by the introduction of the conductor-secondary winding IPSH by the igniting transformer. . .  Voltage of 17 kV. The preferred conversion ratio between the two secondary windings is not equal to 'nipsR:nipsH = 2:23. . . 8:17. This can also be expressed as an equation = 0. 04. . . 0. 8*nIPSH. Thus, this configuration is similar to a symmetrical igniter secondary winding which is of course not evenly distributed. The number of main windings np of the ignition transformer TIP is preferably between 1, and the sum of the number of windings of the two secondary windings IP SH and IP SR is preferably between 4 3 and 380. The pulse ignition unit Z in Fig. 19 is known from the prior art and will not be described here. The capacitor formed by at least one capacitor is connected to the main winding of the ignition transformer via a switching element. Preferably, a switching element is used having a nominal-trigger voltage between right volts and 1300 volts. This switching element can be a spark discharge device or a Thyristor with corresponding control circuitry. The first embodiment is called a point. Because of the extreme igniting of the lamp holder ratio, the lamp holder can be wound by I Tip. Because 1, HlPSR, 2 and 4 are in the human, this. Because: 350 thyristor: medium, -34- 201043096 The ignition transformer has a conversion ratio nIP p: niPSR: iiipsH = l: 50: 150 winding, which is operated by a lighting unit z based on a spark discharge of 400 volts, That is, it operates with a spark discharge device having a normalized trigger voltage of 400 volts. The ignition transformer TIP provides a peak voltage of +5 kV to the electrode of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 remote from the lamp holder, and provides a ground potential to the electrode of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 close to the lamp holder. Peak voltage of -15 kV. In a second embodiment, the ignition transformer is constructed with a winding having a conversion ratio of 3:50:1, and is operated by an ignition unit Z based on a spark discharge of 800 volts. The ignition transformer TIP provides a peak voltage of -8 kV to the ground potential of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, and provides a ground potential to the electrode of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 adjacent to the lamp holder. Peak voltage of +16 kV. Figure 20 is a connection diagram of the enlarged circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. Here, one or two unsaturated choke coils LNS1 and LNS2 are respectively connected between the high voltage end of the secondary winding and the respective ignition terminals to prevent various interference pulses with high voltage spikes (so-called Glitch). Therefore, 0 should be used. 5 micro-henry (uH) to 25 micro-henry inductance, preferably 1 micro-henry to 8 micro-henry. Further, a high-voltage stable capacitor CB (so-called "igniter-capacitor") can be directly connected in parallel with the gas discharge lamp igniter between the gas discharge lamp igniter and the unsaturated choke coil, and the capacitance is usually less than 22 PF so that the ignition pulse is not subject to much attenuation. The capacitance of the capacitor is preferably between 3 pF and 15 pF. The capacitor is constructed to be suitably configured and arranged as a plate by sputtering of the lamp current lead. The capacitor has a positive effect of -35- 201043096: one of which is advantageous for the electromagnetic compatibility-characteristic of the lamp, since the high-frequency interference generated by the lamp is directly short-circuited at the generated position. The other is to ensure a low ohmic breakdown of the igniter, which can be absorbed, in particular, by the operating circuit 20. The capacitance of the back iron capacitor CRS is preferably between 68 picofarads (PF) and 22 nanofarads (nF). With the back iron-capacitor CRS, the pulse wave generated by the ignition transformer TIP is very fast. In this case, the pulse igniter can be turned off for an electronic ballast (EVG) with low impedance. Thus, the resulting high voltage ignition pulse can be very close to the igniter. The back iron-capacitor CRS and the rear conductor choke LR together form a low pass filter that opposes electromagnetic interference and protects the electronic ballast-output from unacceptable high voltages. The expanded circuit also has a current-compensated choke LSK, which is also resistant to electromagnetic interference. A suppression diode DTr (also known as a clamp diode) limits the voltage generated on the operational circuit 20 due to the ignition process and thus protects the output of the operational circuit 20. The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is fixed to the socket 70 by a metal clip 52 and four fixing pieces 53 (see Fig. 1). As shown in Fig. 20, the metal clip 52 is grounded, i.e., in an integrated gas discharge lamp for an automobile, the metal clip 52 is, for example, at a vehicle body ground potential. By grounding the metal clip, the arcing of the metal clip to the headlight can be reliably suppressed because the two portions are at the same potential during ignition. Moreover, by grounding the metal clip, a particularly good capacitive coupling can be formed for the ignition assist layer present on the gas discharge lamp igniter tube. These ignition assist layers are typically applied to a high pressure gas discharge lamp igniter to reduce the ignition voltage of -36-201043096. This measure increases the ignition voltage drop characteristic of the ignition assist layer located on the gas discharge lamp igniter lamp. It is particularly advantageous when the capacitive impact of the metal clip on the gas discharge lamp igniter (which may include its ignition auxiliary layer) is increased. Here, other conductive portions are electroplated or capacitively coupled to the metal clip. Thus, a "third electrode" is formed which is composed of a plurality of "single electrodes coupled to each other" and has one side grounded. For example, the third electrode has a metal layer 54 on the outer bulb in addition to the metal clip, as shown in Fig. 21. This layer can be applied to the outside and/or inside of the outer bulb. This layer is constructed of a conductive, e.g., metallic material and is preferably mounted in a strip parallel to the back conductor. Thus, the metal layer 54 is not optically exposed on the igniter tube and additionally forms a minimum distance to the igniting auxiliary layer and thus forms a maximum coupling capacitance. This layer on the outer bulb can be coupled to the metal clip either capacitively or electroplated. When the outer layer is electrically contacted with the metal clip by the igniter being fixed in the metal clip, coupling by electroplating is particularly advantageous, which can be achieved by conventional mounting techniques in the prior art. Extra cost. Preferably, the layer extends from 1% to 20% around the outer bulb. The advantageous effect of the grounded metal clip on the ignition voltage of the gas discharge lamp is achieved by the following physical correlation: the metal clip is grounded and asymmetrical between the metal clip and the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp When a high voltage is applied during pulse ignition, a dielectric barrier discharge is induced in the outer bulb near the two electrodes of the gas discharge lamp. This dielectric barrier discharge creates a breakdown in the lamp of the igniter. This is facilitated by the ultraviolet-light formed in the dielectric barrier discharge, which is almost unabsorbed by the igniter tube and will be on the electrode and in the discharge space. A free charge carrier is generated and thus the ignition voltage is lowered. The metal clip of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and the reference surface of the reflector can be composed of a metal portion having a corresponding fixing member which is formed by a plastic spatter and ensures a good mechanical connection to the socket 70. . The grounding of the metal clip can be achieved automatically by inserting the lamp into a reflector in each of the headlamps. This makes the reference surface less susceptible to mechanical losses associated with the increased weight of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. When formed by the prior art, only the plastic-sputtering pouring portion is set as the reference surface. In a preferred form of the gas discharge lamp 5, the socket is composed of two parts. The first part has an adjusted gas discharge lamp igniter 50 which is embedded in a socket made of plastic by a metal clip 52 and a fixing piece 53, which has a metal-reinforced reference as described above. surface. The first part is connected to the second part. The second part includes the ignition-and operation circuit. The connection of the lamp and the current conductor can be achieved by welding, soldering or by mechanical connection (e.g., plug or chip clamp). Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 showing the lamp holder construction. The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is a mercury-free gas discharge lamp igniter, but a gas discharge lamp burner containing mercury can also be used. The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can accommodate a hermetically sealed discharge tube 502' containing an electrode 504 and an ionizable material to generate a gas discharge. The ionizable material is preferably mercury-free. The dip is formed to form a halide containing cerium and sodium, cerium, zinc and indium, and the weight ratio of zinc to indium halide is between 20 and 1 Torr, preferably 50.氙气 -38- 201043096 The cold charging pressure is 1. 3 million (mega) to 1. 8 million bars. It has been shown that the 'attenuation of the photocurrent decreases as the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 operates" and the increase in the ignition voltage of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 decreases with the operation period. That is, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 has better photoelectric flow-maintenance in comparison with the prior art gas discharge lamp igniter and exhibits a longer life due to a smaller ignition voltage increase during operation. Also, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 exhibits a small amount of shift in the color position of the light emitted therefrom during its operation. In particular, the color position is only offset within the limits allowed by ECE Rule 99. The higher cold heading pressure and the higher weight component of the zinc halide are mainly used to adjust the ignition voltage of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, that is, the ignition voltage is in the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The discharge section is adjusted in the quasi stationary operating state after the end of the ignition phase. The indium halide is present in a small weight composition, which allows adjustment of the color position of the light emitted by the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, but does not make an important adjustment to the ignition voltage of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Contribution. The halide of indium is used primarily in the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 as is the halide of sodium and strontium. The weight component of the zinc halide is preferably in the volume of the discharge tube per 1 cubic millimeter (mm3). 88 micrograms to 2. Between 67 micrograms, and the weight component of the indium halide is 0 in the discharge tube volume per 1 cubic millimeter (mm3). 026 micrograms to 0 · 〇 8 9 micrograms. Iodide, bromide or chloride can be used as the halide. The weight component of sodium halide is discharged in every cubic millimeter (mm3) -39- 201043096 tube volume 6. 6 micrograms to 13. Between 3 micrograms. The weight component of the halide is the volume of the discharge tube per 1 mm 3 . 4 micrograms to 11. Between 1 microgram. To ensure that the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 emits white light having a color temperature of about 4000 K and that the color position remains in the range of white light during the life of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, preferably within a narrow limit. When the weight component is small, the loss of sodium (depending on the diffusion through the tube wall of the discharge tube) and the damage resistance (depending on the chemical reaction with the quartz glass of the discharge tube) cannot be compensated, and the weight component is high. The color position and color temperature will change. It is advantageous to have a discharge tube volume of less than 23 cubic millimeters in order to be as close as possible to the ideal point source. For use as a light source in a headlight or other optical system of a motor vehicle, the light-emitting portion of the discharge tube 502, i.e., the discharge space containing the electrodes, should have as small a size as possible. Ideally, the light source should be a point source in order to be configurable in the focus of the optical imaging system. The high pressure discharge lamp 5 of the present invention is closer to this than the prior art, since the discharge tube 502 of the present invention has a small volume. The volume of the discharge vessel 5 02 of the high pressure discharge lamp 5 is advantageously in the range of more than 10 cubic millimeters to less than 26 cubic millimeters. The distance between the electrodes 504 of the gas discharge lamp igniter is preferably less than 5 mm in order to be as close as possible to the ideal point source. For use as a light source in a headlight of a motor vehicle, the electrode distance is preferably 3. 5 mm. Therefore, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can be optimally adapted to the imaging characteristics in the headlight of a motor vehicle. The thickness or diameter of the electrode 502 of the gas discharge lamp igniter is preferably at 0. 2 0 mm to 0. Between 36 mm. An electrode having such a thickness 可 can be sufficiently buried in the quartz glass of the discharge tube with sufficient thickness of -40,430,096 and at the same time has sufficient current carrying capacity, which is particularly during the starting phase of the high pressure discharge lamp. Important 'At this time the lamp is operated at 3 to 5 times the rated power and rated current. When the electrode is thin, sufficient current carrying capacity cannot be ensured in the present embodiment of the silver-free tantalum, and in the case of the thicker electrode 504, there is a risk of crack formation in the discharge tube, which is related to discharge. The mechanical stress caused by the very different thermal expansion coefficients of the tube material is related. The discharge tube material is quartz glass, and the electrode material is tungsten or a crane doped with ruthenium or ruthenium oxide. Each electrode is respectively connected to a molybdenum foil 506 embedded in a material of the discharge tube, each electrode can hermetically conduct current, and each of the molybdenum foils 506 is inwardly extended to the electrode connected to the molybdenum foil. The minimum distance between the ends of the inner space of the discharge tube 502 is preferably at least 4. 5 mm to ensure that there is as much a distance possible between the respective molybdenum foil 506 and the gas discharge occurring at the tip of the electrode which extends inwardly into the discharge tube 502. Thus, the advantage of the large minimum distance set between the molybdenum foil 506 and the gas discharge is that the molybdenum foil 506 is less exposed by the halide in the halogen compound of the ionizable pigment. Thermal load and less corrosion hazard. Frequency Adaptability A method of preventing flickering will be described below, which is performed by an operation circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. The gas discharge lamp described herein is operated with an alternating current which is primarily produced by the operating circuit 920. The alternating current can be a high frequency alternating current, the frequency of which is particularly higher than the acoustic frequency produced in the gas discharge lamp - 41 - 201043096, which is equal to the lamp current in the lamp described herein. The frequency of MHz. However, we usually use a low-frequency rectangular operation as described below. In a distorted mode of operation, when a gas discharge lamp (especially a high-pressure gas discharge lamp) is switched in the direction of the lamp current (so-called rectification), the arc is usually removed and the electrode is thus returned to a temperature that is too low. Typically, high pressure discharge lamps are operated with a low frequency, rectangular current, also known as "unstable DC operation." Here, a rectangular current having a frequency of 100 Hz to several kHz is applied to the lamp. In each switching between the positive and negative voltages by the operating circuit, the lamp current is rectified, which results in a lamp current that becomes zero in a short time. This operation ensures that the electrodes of the lamp are also uniformly loaded during quasi-DC operation. The arc on the electrodes can be problematic when operating a gas discharge lamp with an alternating current. When operating with an alternating current, the cathode will become an anode during rectification or vice versa. The cathode-anode conversion is substantially less problematic because the temperature of the electrode hardly affects the operation of the anode. The ability of the electrodes to provide a sufficiently high current during anode-to-cathode switching is temperature dependent. If the temperature is too low, the arc is switched from a point-type arc operation to a diffuse arc operation at least after the zero crossing point during rectification. Such switching typically introduces a visible notch to the emitted light, which can be considered to be flickering. Therefore, it is meaningful to operate the lamp in the form of an arc operation in the form of a point, so that the arc is therefore small and therefore very hot. As a result, the required voltage is small due to the higher temperature at a small occurrence point, and a current of -42 - 201043096 can be supplied. Hereinafter, the process described is regarded as rectification in which the polarity of the operating voltage of the gas discharge lamp burner 50 is switched, and a large current- or voltage change occurs. In the symmetrical mode of operation of the lamp, there is a voltage- or current zero crossing point at the midpoint of the rectification time. It should be noted here that voltage rectification is usually faster than current rectification. By Ο.  Langenscheidt et al. , J.  Phys D 40 (2007), "'The boundary layers of ac-arcs at HID-electrodes: phase resolved electrical measurements and optical observations" in pages 415-431 is known: in cold electrodes and diffused arcs, voltage After rectification, it will rise first, because the electrode to be cooled can only supply the required current by a higher voltage. If the device for operating the gas discharge lamp does not provide this voltage, so-called flickering will occur. The problems involved in the arc mode are mainly related to gas discharge lamps, which have larger electrodes than lamps of similar power rating. Typically, when "immediate light" is required, the gas discharge lamp The overload mode is used to operate, as is the case in the --discharge lamp in the motor vehicle-field, where 80% of the illuminance must be achieved after 4 seconds due to regulatory requirements. During the so-called "quick start" period (also These lights must be operated at a much higher power than the rated power to comply with appropriate automotive specifications or regulations. Therefore, the size of the electrodes A high initial power can be achieved, but this initial power is too large for normal operating conditions. Since the electrodes are mainly heated by the lamp current flowing, the problem of flicker is mainly in aged gas discharge lamps. Occurs, the ignition voltage will increase by -43- 201043096 at the end of the lamp's life. Due to the increased ignition voltage, the lamp current flowing through is small because the operating circuit is adjusted during the stationary operation of the lamp. In order to keep the lamp power fixed, the electrode of the gas discharge lamp is no longer sufficiently heated at the end of its life. There is an advantage in an integrated gas discharge lamp that the operating circuit is inseparably connected to the gas discharge lamp igniter Connected so that the ignition period up to the present (also referred to as rectified ignition period u) can be measured in a simple manner by the operating circuit, wherein the rectified ignition period U is the sum of all periods during operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter Although there is an inoperative period during operation, the above "measurement" can be performed, for example, by a time measurer having permanent memory, which is usually The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 measures time during operation, thereby igniting an arc between the plurality of electrodes. Since the problem of flicker mainly occurs in an aged lamp, a method is proposed in which the operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter is The frequency must be adjusted according to the ignition period of the gas discharge lamp igniter to increase the operating frequency as the ignition period increases. This has the advantage that the switching of the operating phases of the anode and the cathode can be This is done faster at higher frequencies, which causes temperature modulation at the tip of the electrode. Therefore, the temperature rise at the tip of the electrode at higher frequencies is less due to thermal inertia. Surprisingly, it has been shown that the flicker does not occur when the electrode temperature exceeds the "critical minimum temperature" of the lamp electrode. Of course, the frequency cannot be increased arbitrarily, otherwise various acoustic resonances will be excited in the lamp, which will distort the arc and flicker. This effect can occur when the frequency starts at 1 kHz. Therefore, the frequency of 500 Hz is passed during normal operation (i.e., in the stationary operating phase after the ignition - and start phase at point -44 - 201043096). This frequency is hereinafter referred to as the lower limit frequency 1 product during the ignition period as the ignition period effect of the gas discharge lamp 5 or only when a little aging effect is exhibited: until the accumulated ignition period, the gas becomes a specific life The initial 1 〇%. This mourning "at special 5' is considered as a life span in which the accumulated ignition period is fixed, for example, the mourning "near a specific life" ^ 9% to 1 0 0 %between. The life given by the manufacturer. Figure 22 is a first embodiment of the above method. The gas discharge lamp ignitor maintains the operating frequency until the ignition period of 500 hours during the ignition period, and remains constant for 500 hours to 15 hours. 0. The 5 Hz/hour mode is increased to 900 Hz for 900 Hz 0 I) However, the frequency is increased in the range of 500 Hz to 1500 Hz but can be increased in steps. Therefore, in the second variant of this form, as shown in Fig. 32, the ignition period (about equal to 5 83 hours) is accumulated, and 3 seconds (about 9. After 1 hour) the frequency increased by 4 Hz. The increase was made until 128 improvements were made. The start starts at 400 Hz and the frequency reaches 912 Hz. The second variant is particularly suitable for digital logic circuits to achieve a choice of 400 Hz or >; the following will be "lower tired I 5 0 does not show aging between. This means that the following body discharge lamp 5 has reached the vicinity of g life" Achieving this characteristic means that the specific life is regarded as a specific life 3 diagram, in which the display rate. In Fig. 22, the interval between the continuation and the continuation of the continuation at 400 Hz is not necessary to continuously increase the method. The first implementation of the method of 1097152 seconds is often performed at 32768. The frequency is then a period of time, then by the original first The implementation form can be achieved, for example, by an ASIC from a microcontroller or a digital circuit by means of -45 - 201043096, since the method requires only discontinuous time-and frequency steps. In the third variation of the first embodiment, as shown in Fig. 33, a particularly simple manner is used. Here, the frequency is multiplied from 400 Hz to 800 Hz in one step after 1048576 seconds (about 291 hours). The lamp is then typically operated at a high frequency. Relative to the second variant, only the unique frequency stepping is performed. In the second embodiment, as shown in Fig. 34, the above method is combined with a circuit configuration (not shown) for detecting flicker to adjust the frequency according to the needs of the lamp igniter as required. The circuit configuration is therefore dominated by a detection circuit that is used to detect lamp voltage and/or lamp current. Alternatively, the appropriate correlation can also be used to detect before the rectifier. An electronic operator or ballast is generally used in a motor vehicle and can also be included in the integrated gas discharge lamp as the operating circuit 92 0 . The electronic ballast can have a DC voltage converter and a rectifier. a secondary structure, the two stages being coupled to each other via a DC voltage intermediate circuit, wherein the voltage time variability of the DC voltage intermediate circuit and/or the time variability of the current flowing inward from the intermediate circuit into the rectifier can be regarded as the lamp The size of the flashing. The circuit configuration for detecting flicker detects whether flicker has occurred in the lamp. If so and the current ignition period of the lamp is greater than 500 hours, a flicker-measurement method is performed. The method comprises the steps of: • increasing the flash-minimum-search counter state by one, - starting from the lower limit frequency, increasing the operating frequency of the gas discharge lamp igniter by -46 - 201043096, - measuring the selected operation The intensity of the flicker in the frequency. Here, at least the flicker intensity is stored in each of the selected operating frequencies. If necessary, store other parameters measured in the operating frequency. The measurement of the flicker intensity must be made with a large time interval to compensate for the statistical fluctuations in the operation. In the second embodiment, for example, a measurement time of 20 to 30 minutes is set. This frequency is therefore increased by 100 Hz each time and then the intensity of the flicker is measured. In the first step, the frequency rises to the first upper limit frequency of 900 Hz. As long as the flicker disappears or the flicker intensity drops to - the allowable threshold 値 below ' then does not continue as the frequency increases, thus ensuring the actual need for future operation in a permanent memory The frequency so that the next time the lamp is turned on again can be started at the most recently operated frequency. If the flicker remains unremoved when the frequency has increased to the first upper limit or the flicker strength does not fall below an allowable threshold ,, then the flicker-minimum-search counter state is incremented by one and the frequency continues to increase until Up to three times the first 频率* upper limit frequency, in this case the triple 値 is 2700 Hz (the so-called second upper limit frequency). The frequency is then suitably selected in the entire range measured between the lower limit frequency and the second upper limit frequency, wherein the smallest flicker has been shown. The flicker intensity belonging to the minimum flicker is multiplied by a factor greater than i and the so-called actual flicker boundary 储存 is stored as the new allowable threshold 値. The following 'monitoring and measuring the flicker into fr and periodically testing whether the actual flicker intensity is greater than the actual flicker boundary 値. If yes, then jump to the frequency of the second small flashing intensity that has been displayed in the above-mentioned ------------ The lamp is operated at this frequency, and the flicker is also monitored and measured. Now, if the actual flicker intensity should be above the actual flicker boundary ,, switch to the frequency with the third smallest flicker intensity. In the subsequent operation, if the actual flash intensity should be above the actual blinking boundary ,, the flash-minimum-search counter state is incremented by one and the new process of the minimum search begins. The entire frequency range between the lower limit frequency and the second upper limit frequency. The counter state that is normally driven in the flicker-minimum search and the actual flicker boundary are stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit (920, 930). The two turns can be read via a communication interface of an integrated gas discharge lamp (e.g., a LIN-bus). During the maintenance period of the motor vehicle, for example, when the inspection after the expiration of the service-period or when the motor vehicle is placed in the vehicle due to a defect, the above two defects are read and compared with the respective borders, and the boundaries are allowed to be allowed. Hey. Each boundary 値 can also be stored in an integrated gas discharge lamp and read out via a communication bus. However, for the sake of simplicity, the borders are stored in a preferred embodiment in a diagnostic device between cars. If one of the read 値 is larger than the associated boundary 値, the integrated gas discharge lamp (5) must be replaced with a new integrated gas discharge lamp. This approach greatly increases the availability of the lighting system without incurring significant costs, since the lamp can be replaced early when needed and does not require a significant amount of time during maintenance, since the vehicle is usually connected to Diagnostic device. The data read by the permanent memory of the operating circuit will be compared with the boundary ' 'each boundary 値 can be based on the igniting period (u) or accumulated of the accumulated -48- 201043096 product also read from the permanent memory The weighted igniting; the flashing boundary of the aging lamp must therefore be greater than not: The dependence of the boundary 値 with the ignition of the lamp is determined by the vehicle manufacturer, enabling the data to be in the form of a table or matrix. In the third embodiment, similar to the second embodiment, it is necessary to save memory space in the microcontroller. Save the minimum flicker intensity and rate that has occurred so far. That is, only the minimum search of the flicker intensity is performed to take the bamboo to jump to the minimum memory after the first search to the first upper limit frequency, and if the search is not continued to the second upper limit as in the second embodiment. The frequency of storage. Operate at this frequency for at least 30 minutes and determine the intensity during this period. If the flicker intensity is greater than the original strength (e.g., 20%), then the search for the most probable operating frequency, and thus as described above. By the high operating frequency of the gas discharge lamp igniter, the flickering tendency of the igniter can be greatly reduced, and the configuration itself is costly. Since the integrated gas operating circuit includes a microcontroller, the entire method can be implemented in the body without incurring additional costs. The circuit configuration for the second implementation of the flicker is configured in a suitable design to simply measure the flicker required for the flicker for other reasons. Thus, the period (Ug) can be appropriately evaluated by the chirp The manufacturer of the new lamp that has to be replaced is supplied to the formula and is loaded into the formula. The specific frequency of the search in the specific search is: instantaneous measurement. The search is based on the frequency. Then, the lamp is raised during the new ignition period after the flash is greater than a capacity, and is not required to detect the body in the soft form of the microcontroller of the circuit discharge lamp 5. Detected to the microcontroller to achieve software -49- 201043096 a detection unit. The circuit components required in the hardware are present for other reasons and therefore do not incur additional costs. Communication Interface As mentioned above, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can dictate communication elements or at least one communication interface, which in particular can communicate with the onboard circuitry of the motor vehicle. A LIN-bus bar has been shown to be particularly advantageous. However, it can also be connected to an integrated gas discharge lamp by means of a CAN-bus and an on-board circuit. By means of the communication interface, the lamp can advantageously communicate with a higher-level control system (for example, an optical module) of the vehicle 〇 v/. Here, a variety of information can be transmitted to the upper control system via the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 via the communication interface. This information is stored in the permanent memory of the lamp. In the production of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, much information is generated which can be collected by the production equipment and can be programmed in the permanent memory of the lamp at the end of the production of the lamp. However, the information can also be directly written into the permanent memory of the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp, so that a communication interface is not necessarily required here. 0 At the time of production, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is, for example, accurately measured and fixed to a precisely defined position on the socket when inserted into the socket 70 with respect to the reference surface of the socket. This ensures high quality of the optical system consisting of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and the headlight 3, since the arc ignited between the plurality of electrodes 504 of the gas discharge lamp is relative to the reference surface (which is The interface of the headlights) occupies an accurate spatial position. The distance and location of electrodes such as electrodes in production are known. However, the electrode distance is an important number for the operating circuit because the electrode distance of the gas discharge lamp -50-201043096 50 is related to the ignition voltage. Also, the unique serial number or production number can be stored in the permanent memory of the lamp to ensure reusability. By means of the serial number, the components of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can be interrogated from all available data via a database managed by the manufacturer, so that relevant correlations can be found in the event of an error in the production of individual components. Lights. In a preferred embodiment of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, the communication interface is used to interrogate other permanent memories stored in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 during operation of the lamp via the onboard circuit. The parameters in the body and also store the parameters. For example, the data in the optical system constituting the headlight can be stored in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, since the data can be controlled, so that the power of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can also be controlled to make the headlight system It emits a uniform and large amount of light. The following communication parameters are particularly suitable for use as communication parameters: - during the cumulative ignition of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, - the number of flicker effects produced, ie the number of times the allowable boundary 値 is exceeded, - the start of the flicker - minimum - number of searches, - actual lamp power, - actual frequency of the rectifier, - rated power of the lamp power (= target rated power of the lamp), - actual 値 of the lamp power, - temperature of the circuit, • serial number or loading number , -51- 201043096 -The total number of lamp extinguishers and the number of lamp extinguishers in the past (eg '200 hours'' - the number of unlit. In principle, the conventional operating circuit, which is not integrated in the socket of the discharge lamp, has also measured the above parameters and can use the above parameters via the communication interface. Of course, the above parameters are not available for diagnosis in the service range of the motor vehicle, since the lamp is currently replaceable and independent of the operating circuit and the parameters read out are therefore not necessarily described by the lamp and the operating circuit. The existing lamp is constructed. The above system of integrated gas discharge lamps does not have such a disadvantage, in which a gas discharge lamp igniter and its operating circuit are not integrated into a lamp separately from each other. The communication interface is preferably a LIN-bus or a CAN-bus. These two interface protocols (pro to col) have been widely extended and applied to the automotive field. If the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is not used in an automobile, the interface of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can also have a specification that extends to general illumination, for example, a DALI or EIB/Insta bus bar. Due to the above information (mainly during the accumulated ignition period), the upper control system present in the motor vehicle can calculate, for example, the possible replacement time point of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. During the detection period of the motor vehicle, it can be determined whether the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is still operating normally or whether it needs to be replaced until the next detection period, since the deteriorated light quality of the lamp or the failure of the lamp must be considered. Through the communication interface of the integrated gas discharge lamp to read data, a service technology can read data from the integrated gas discharge lamp and can replace the lamp before the failure when -52-201043096 is required. The one described in the flashing light. When the data on the process of the integrated gas discharge lamp is stored in the permanent memory unchanged, the data can be currently used to calculate the life of the lamp, that is, how long the integrated gas discharge lamp can operate normally. Time estimates such as those can be accurately calculated. Preferably, the data is stored in permanent memory of the operating circuit. This data can be used to display the time period on the process. Therefore, a possible erroneous process or an insufficiency that has been determined later in the charge can be replaced before the lamp fails. This is of great benefit to the user of the motor vehicle, in particular when the integrated gas discharge lamp is used in a headlight, in connection with a particular safety-related application. When the data is stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit, whereby the integrated gas discharge lamp can be clearly identified, the data stored in the database in the process can be easily and reliably assigned to the lamp. It is particularly functionally useful when a clear and unique serial number is stored in the permanent memory of the operational circuit. Moreover, the serial number also includes a manufacturer serial number adjusted according to all manufacturers, so that different manufacturers of the same type of the integrated gas discharge lamp can set a continuous serial number in each of their respective processes, and then ensure There is no second lamp with the same serial number. During operation of the integrated gas discharge lamp, one or more numbers are preferably stored in the permanent memory that monotonically increase with the number of ignitions and/or ignitions of the gas discharge lamp. Here, the ignition period of the gas discharge lamp igniter is measured and added to be stored in the permanent memory of the operation circuit as a cumulative ignition period. This cumulative ignition period is preferably stored in a permanent record. However, the ignition period -53 - 201043096 can also be weighted by the above operational parameters and stored numerically in the permanent memory of the operational circuit'. This number corresponds to the weighted accumulated ignition period. The different forms of the accumulated ignition period will be further described below. Therefore, the current ignition period can be reliably adjusted with the life set by the manufacturer, and the remaining life of the lamp can be accurately indicated. The life set by the manufacturer may be a function of other data that is also read by the permanent memory, such that the lifetime depends, for example, on the number of starts of the lamp or the desired photocurrent. For reasons of uniformity, the determination as to whether or not to replace the integrated gas discharge lamp may be additionally determined by the information stored in the service-vehicle diagnostic device, which is Information obtained, for example, "How good is the light used during the later service - during the period" may also have an impact on the relevant decisions. When the number stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit indicates that the lamp is blinking 'this number refers in particular to the number of starts of the flicker-minimum-search or actual flicker boundary, the state of the integrated gas discharge lamp can be It is accurately measured and read out when needed. The read enthalpy is used to evaluate the remaining life of the lamp in the service of the motor vehicle in which the integrated gas discharge lamp is located. In the case of the same service technology to be considered, the number stored in the permanent memory of the operating circuit is the number of times the gas discharge lamp ignitor is ignited, since the number of ignitions has the same effect on the life as during ignition. During the service period of the motor vehicle, data is read from the permanent memory of the operating circuit and different actions are performed during maintenance based on the data. This maintenance is therefore more effective and better. Early failures are therefore less frequent and customer satisfaction is improved. , whether the integrated gas discharge lamp needs to be replaced, the judgment can be based on the information read in the permanent memory of the operating circuit, in addition to the experience of the service technology -54- 201043096. Preferably, the determination is made during the accumulated ignition of the gas discharge lamp igniter and/or during the weighted cumulative ignition period and/or when the number of ignitions exceeds a particular boundary 値. The boundary 値 is preferably a system.  The time required for the process and/or related to the information that can be used to clearly identify the integrated gas discharge lamp. Therefore, the replacement of the integrated gas discharge lamp can be reliably and easily determined. The lumen (luminous amount) is fixed. However, the information stored in the permanent memory of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can also be used to keep the amount of illumination of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 constant during its lifetime. The amount of luminescence changes during the life of the gas discharge lamp. As the ignition period increases, the efficiency of the lamp is degraded by the blackening and devitrification of the discharge tube, the tempering of the electrode, and the resulting arcing change. The efficiency of the entire optical system is exacerbated by the fact that the system is typically designed for point light sources or for the shortest discharge arcs caused by the minimum electrode distance, and in the optical system when the discharge arc becomes longer More light will disappear. The efficiency of the optical system itself during operation will also be reduced due to temperature cycling or permanent vibrations in the automotive headlamps that cause the lens to become turbid or out of focus. The ignition period (U) of the lamp and the weighted cumulative ignition period (Ug) will be described below, wherein the weighted cumulative ignition period (tkg) is weighted by a weighting function γ which will be detailed below. Since the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 stores the relevant parameters of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 in the permanent memory, the operating power of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is applied from -55 to 201043096. It can be adjusted according to the accumulated ignition period. Since the aging process is carried out in a non-linear manner, then in a simple embodiment a compensation function β can be stored in the operating circuit, as shown in Fig. 27. Here, the weighted accumulated ignition period tkg of the lamp is plotted as the lamp power Pla of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 to the rated power. The function of the quotient of P n . This power is slightly increased in the area below the ignition period of less than 1 hour. This helps to set conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity) for the gas discharge lamp burner. The "burn-in" phenomenon of the igniter 50 of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 should also be mentioned here. If the lamp has been "burning-in", it can be operated with a slightly smaller power (approximately 90% of the rated power), since the lamp is as efficient as a lens. Starting from a weighted cumulative ignition period Ug of about 1 hour, the power rises again slowly so that the lamp power Pla can be reached when it reaches a specific life terminal of 3000 hours, which is greater than the set value of the lighter. 10% of the rated power. Therefore, the illuminating amount of the gas discharge lamp igniter remains fixed during ignition. The function stored in the operating circuit is subject to the igniter parameters stored in the permanent memory at the time of production ( For example, the influence of the electrode distance. The advanced system is the above-mentioned control system to control the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, in which other optical functions can be realized, for example, the amount of light emitted can be rate dependent. Control. In an implementation of such an advanced system, the operational circuit must be designed to operate with under power or over power. However, if the gas discharge lamp The burner 5 is not operated at rated power' then it ages in a different manner than when operating at rated power - 56- 201043096. This is in calculating the cumulative ignition consideration. Here, a type of storage is stored in the operating circuit. The weighted species is related to the underpower and overpower. The weighted function of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 in the headlight of Fig. 28 is operated by the overpower, and the electrode is too The heat and the electrode material will evaporate. If the gas 50 is operated with a much lower underpower, the aging rate is too cold, and as a result, the electrode material will agglomerate, which is undesirable because the electrode material is ablated, which is undesirable. This and the light efficiency decrease. Therefore, the integrated gas discharge lamp calculates the aging together in the weighted cumulative ignition period calculated by the following formula: k(7)=]/(7)7(3⁄43⁄4;

Oh corpse W igniting function, ie as long as the gas discharge lamp igniter ί(τ) = 1. If the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is not operated, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 reaches 1 更 more quickly at an over or under power rate.

KJ is an advanced control system that over-communicates the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, an advanced communication between the upper controllers in the control system. This eliminates the need for the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 to require a predetermined amount of light. In order to achieve this, an illustration of an example of an integrated gas discharge lamp for dimming automotive technology must be stored in the operating circuit of the body discharge lamp 5. This dimming curve shows that the gas discharge lamp point j is subjected to the test function γ, which is a diagram of the number of γ set in the motor vehicle. If the aging rate is faster, the body discharge lamp igniter is also faster, which is required to be sputtered to make the life of the lamp 5 in the operating circuit tkg. This can be borrowed: f ( τ) only means that the point 5 0 is in operation, then, (1 ί(τ) = 0. If it is operated, its old rate or underpower can also be realized by an equation. : the specific power of the upper position, and in the integrated gas curve. The picture in Figure 29 is the dimming curve α in the case of the -5 - 201043096 photocurrent Φ% η or as shown in Figure 29 The normalized photocurrent is formed for the rated photocurrent Φν and the ignitor power PLa,s or the dependence of the φ Ν igniter rated power ΡΝ on the normalized igniter power t as shown in Fig. 29. In Fig. 29, This dependence is shown in the weighted cumulative ignition period tkg of the gas discharge lamp igniter 5 〇 _ _ _ in the case of another weighted cumulative ignition period tkg of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 There will be different curved profiles. Ideally, the three-dimensional feature field is stored in the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, which also takes into account the aging of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Figure 29 is therefore only 1 hour of the gas discharge lamp igniter. a cut-away view of the characteristic field in the accumulated ignition period tkg. The characteristic field used to determine the lamp power includes other dimensions (Dimension) in addition to the photocurrent and the weighted accumulated ignition period, for example, the lamp is made The ignition period that has recently started to ignite or the estimated ignition temperature is mapped to an area within a few minutes after ignition with a specific effect, depending on the so-called "high operation" period of the lamp (when another π causes a dip The transient change of heat of the evaporation. The dimming

The Q line is not necessarily stored in the form of a characteristic field in the operating circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, but can also be stored in the form of a function which can be calculated by a microcontroller integrated in the operating circuit. In order to calculate the lamp power to be adjusted as simply as possible, the basic function or the corresponding characteristic field is approximately represented by a product, in which each of the rated power Pn of the gas discharge lamp igniter is used as a factor. The individual factors also describe the effects of the above numbers. Therefore, the ignitor power PLa required for a specific amount of light is expressed, for example, by the following formula: ρι^=Α·α(^)·^^); the factor β is considered at -58-201043096. The aging of the lamp igniter 50. The function β can also include the aging of the optical system, wherein the above information is preferably informed by the communication interface of the integrated gas discharge lamp that the effect can also be calculated when the operation circuit of the integrated gas discharge lamp is calculated. consider. The amount of light preset by the controller is for example related to the speed of the motor vehicle, which is operated in a motor vehicle. In slower operation, the lamp is dimmed and driven. Conversely, when the vehicle is running fast on a highway, the lamp is operated by rated power to ensure that the track during operation is widely visible and well illuminated.

In the advanced operating circuit of another embodiment of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, the current ignition period of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can also be considered during operation. The operating circuit is capable of driving the igniter with a power that minimizes aging of the lamp when the weighted accumulated igniting period tkg approaches a particular end of life of the gas discharge lamp igniter, and thus is effective The lamp has a longer life than conventional operation. Figure 30 shows this igniter curve showing the relationship between the quotient of the photocurrent and the cumulative lifetime of the normalized Φν. The latter is calculated by dividing the ignition period U of the lamp by the rated life tN of the lamp (e.g., 3000 hours). Up to 3 % of the rated life, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is operated at 1.2 times the rated power to set conditions for the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 and to burn. The gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is then operated at rated power for a longer period of time. If the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 reaches 80% of its life, the power is continuously reduced to 0.8 times the rated power. The weighting function in Fig. 28 is shown in detail when viewing -59-201043096: The lamp is protected during operation by up to 8 times its rated power. Therefore, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can operate at this power against the end of its life to ensure a longest remaining life and prevent sudden failures (which have fatal consequences in the automotive field). If the ignition period tk of the lamp is not used, the weighted accumulated ignition period tkg can also be used for the illustration of Fig. 30. The integrated gas discharge lamp 5 can calculate the possible remaining life of the gas discharge lamp igniter due to the above-mentioned data and calculation results and store the remaining life in the permanent memory of the operating circuit 220, 230. If the motor vehicle is inspected between cars, the lamp data required for the inspection, in particular the remaining life of the storage, can be read. Depending on the remaining life that has been read, it can additionally be determined whether the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 has to be replaced. The serial number of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 and/or the serial number of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 can also be stored in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. Based on these serial numbers, the mechanic between the cars can ask via the manufacturer's database whether the lamp is good or may have to be replaced due to a missing component in the manufacturing or the components formed therein. In a further advantageous embodiment of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, unlike the previous embodiment, the possible remaining life is not read out in the car and the actual operation of the lamp is read out. data. This information is then evaluated by the diagnostic device based on the rating data of the manufacturer's database belonging to the respective serial number. Thus, the nominal life tN of a lamp having a given serial number is stored, for example, in the manufacturer's database. This rating life is low when there is a missing process. After other data (eg, number of ignitions) are stored in the operational circuit via operation -60-201043096, the parameters can be compared to the manufacturer's database, for example, containing the rated number of ignitions per lamp. . The high number of ignitions read by the operating circuit is close to the number of rated ignitions, which is determined by the fact that the lamp must be replaced, although the nominal life of the lamp has not yet arrived. By using such a criterion, the usability of the light source can be improved in an economical manner. This process is therefore considered to be particularly economical, because the lamp is only replaced when the probability of its failure is increasing. The manufacturer of the lamp is coded into the first bit of the number of the lamp to ensure that the serial number can be clearly maintained, although in the given case multiple lamp manufacturers can make mutually replaceable products. . When the manufacturer's database is inquired about the rated data, such as the rated life or the rated number of ignitions, via a communication connection between the car and the lamp manufacturer (for example, the Internet), the operation circuit can read out the countermeasures. The data is transferred to the lamp manufacturer by operation. Therefore, two-way data replacement is required between the operating circuit of the lamp and the manufacturer's database. This allows the product to be tracked on site, especially for statistical investigations of how the product is used, which is beneficial to further development of the product 1). However, in addition to the serial number, as long as the vehicle's VIN (Vehicle Identification Number) is transmitted, individual data investigations are also possible. Moreover, it is also possible to protect against forgery of the product, which is achieved in the following manner: when the product is forged, the serial number must also be encoded, which may cause surface inconsistency when the data is finally transmitted to the manufacturer. This is because the number of operating hours calculated for the serial number does not continue to decrease, so that the conclusion can be drawn for the counterfeit product. Arc Straight 61 - 201043096 Hereinafter, a method of flattening the arcing of a gas discharge lamp igniter will be described, which is realized in one embodiment of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5. In the first embodiment, the operation circuit 920 is used as a reference, and has the form shown in Fig. 23. The operational circuit 920 has a DC voltage converter 9210 that is powered by the battery voltage of the vehicle. A rectifier 9220 is connected to the DC voltage converter 9210 via an intermediate circuit capacitor Czw. The rectifier 9220 supplies an alternating voltage to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 via a lamp circuit. The lamp circuit consists of an output capacitor CA and an ignition circuit I 910 having a main winding (in the lamp circuit) for igniting the transformer and the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. By virtue of this form, which is already known in the prior art, the arcing can be made flat in the flexible design of the individual components. Straight arcing provides many advantages. The most important advantage is the preferred heat consumption of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, which is obtained by the uniform hot wall loading of the igniter lamp. This can result in better heat usage and thus a longer life of the igniter tube. The second major advantage is a shrinking arc that has less diffusivity. With such a "narrower arc", the lens of the headlight can be set more accurately and the light efficiency of the headlight can be greatly improved. Since the ignition-and-operation circuit 910, 920 or the total operating circuit 930 (hereinafter also referred to as an operating circuit) is inseparably connected to the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 in the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, the gas discharge lamp can be used The operating circuit is calibrated on the igniter 50 to produce a stable, igniting, flat arc. Since the operating circuit 920, 930 and its gas discharge - 62 - 201043096 lamp igniter 50 are not separable and the ignition of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is also known, the aging effect of the gas discharge lamp igniter 5 This will affect the mode of operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. The basic manner for making the arc of the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 straight is as follows: the operating circuit 920, 93 0 measures the acoustic resonance when the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is first turned on and detects suitable The frequency at which the arc is flat. This is achieved by scanning the frequency region between the minimum and maximum frequencies. The frequencies are modulated at the operating frequency of the integrated gas discharge lamp igniter. During the scan, the impedance of the gas discharge lamp burner is measured and the lowest impedance and its associated frequency are stored. The frequency with the lowest impedance represents the maximum arc straightness that can be achieved. Depending on the lamp type, this minimum frequency can be reduced to a frequency of 80 kHz. This maximum frequency can reach a frequency of 300 kHz. In a typical high pressure gas discharge lamp for automotive technology, the minimum frequency is approximately 110 kHz and the maximum frequency is approximately 160 kHz. Measurements are required to compensate for the manufacturing tolerance of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50. Typical aging data for the resonant frequency of the lamp is stored in a table in a microcontroller (not shown) of the operating circuit 920, 930. The top of the watch can be stored in accordance with the mode of operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter (cycle form, start-up or dimming operation). Also, in another embodiment, the controlled operation may be extended to a regulated modulation operation at a modulation frequency in a narrow range near the calculated frequency (according to the controlled operation). The calculated frequency is modulated by a modulation frequency of, for example, 1 kHz to prevent flicker in the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 due to excitation of acoustic resonance. Compared with the current operating devices of the prior art, -63-201043096 shows that the frequency range (where the frequency has to be changed) is small, and the problems related to the extinguished lamp or the unstable adjuster characteristics are more serious. small. In a particular lamp type, it is meaningful to measure the frequency range around a particular modulation frequency for flicker characteristics to ensure a stable lamp operation. In one embodiment, the circuit configuration is used to detect Flashing, and the frequency at the modulation frequency is also measured for the flicker characteristics. In the first embodiment of Fig. 23, the frequency of the DC voltage converter 92 10 is selected to be equal to the modulation frequency. By the corresponding design of the intermediate circuit capacitor Czw ^, the high frequency chopping as the modulated high frequency alternating current voltage is maintained at the direct current voltage emitted by the direct current voltage converter 9210. A DC voltage having a modulated high frequency AC voltage is used as an input voltage for the rectifier 92 2 0. The rectifier 922 0 is formed in a full bridge circuit that converts a direct current voltage into a rectangular alternating voltage. The amplitude of the modulated signal (ie, the modulated high frequency AC voltage) is the size of the output filter (output capacitor CA) of the full bridge circuit and the pulsed secondary winding of the transformer (IP SH, IPS R) ) The inductance is determined. Since the components are inseparably interconnected in the integrated gas discharge lamp ❹ 5, the components can be well adjusted to the desired mode of operation by superimposing the high frequency voltage to achieve the desired arc discharge. Straight phenomenon. A disadvantage of this embodiment is the manner in which the fixed frequency of the DC voltage converter operates, which results in an unloading effect that is not effective and increases the losses of the system. In the second embodiment of Fig. 24, the superimposed high frequency voltage is generated by a signal generator 9230 which couples the high frequency voltage to the anti-rogue LK and the main of the ignition transformer of the ignition circuit 910. The windings are in the lamp circuit between -64 and 201043096. Such coupling prior to igniting the transformer is important 'otherwise the signal generator 9230 must operate at a fixed high voltage. This anti-flow is used to decouple the intermediate circuit capacitor CZK, otherwise the coupled high frequency voltage will be too much attenuated. For this reason, the inductance of the ignition transformer of the ignition circuit 910 should also be as small as possible. Therefore, the signal generator must be designed such that the frequency of the coupled high frequency voltage is again modulated so that the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 achieves a safe and flicker free operation. In a third embodiment of Fig. 25, the signal generator is integrated in the ignition circuit 910. Here, the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 is activated by a resonance ignition. The ignition circuit has an ignition transformer TIR for high frequency operation, which is controlled by a signal generator consisting of a level-E converter. The ignition transformer TIR is sized such that at least the fundamental oscillation of the generated high frequency is still transmitted sufficiently well, the frequency of the basic oscillation being the same as the switching frequency of the converter of the level-E, especially here The efficiency at frequency is better than 10%. The switching frequency of this level-E converter is between 80 Hz and 10 MHz during ignition. However, this frequency is preferably chosen to be greater than 300 Hz, since a small configuration is possible at this frequency and this frequency is chosen to be less than 4 MHz, which is achievable at this frequency. The efficiency is particularly high. The control of the ignition transformer is achieved via a main winding separated by electroplating. The secondary winding is divided into two windings separated by a plating phase, which are respectively connected between the lamp electrode and the rectifier 9220. The signal generator generates a high frequency current flowing through the main winding of the ignition transformer TIR, which excites a resonance in the resonant circuit on the secondary side, and the total -65-201043096 vibration ignites the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 . The resonant circuit consists of a secondary inductance of the ignition transformer TIR and a capacitance Cr2 located above the lamp. Since the capacitance C r 2 is small, it does not have to be integrated in the ignition circuit 9 1 0 in the form of a component but can be produced by a construction measure. As long as the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 has ignited, the signal generator operates in a manner that causes it to input a high frequency signal via the ignition transformer Tir, which is modulated at the lamp voltage to level the arc Straight. This has the advantage that the frequency and amplitude of the modulated voltage can be adjusted relatively freely so that the optimized operation of the DC voltage converter 9210 or the rectifier 9220 still exists. With such a circuit form, the ignition circuit 910 can also control the high take-over voltage generated by the resonant circuit of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50, so that the regulated voltage does not have to be controlled by the DC voltage converter. 9210 to produce. With this measure, the operation mode of the DC voltage converter 9210 can be further optimized because the output voltage range required for the DC voltage converter 9210 becomes small. The rectifier 9220 must use a small amount of power because a portion of the lamp power is input via the modulated lamp voltage. This embodiment thus provides the greatest degree of freedom in the use of various operating parameters in order to achieve an optimized and reliable operation of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50 in a straight discharge arc. Figure 26 is a simplified embodiment of the DC voltage converter 92 10 compared to the prior art. The DC voltage converters commonly used in the prior art for ballasts (which can operate on the onboard power supply of automobiles) have the form of a cut-off (also known as Fly back) converter due to the 12 volt load voltage. Increase to a larger voltage. In the integrated gas discharge lamp 5, since the electrical contact -66 - 201043096 occurs only in the headlight 3 when the lamp is used, a simple converter in the form of a high setter can be used (also called Boost-converter) has a step-up transformer TFB. This is possible because of the inadvertent contact between the converter output and the grounding of the vehicle (which would damage the boost-converter) in the electromechanical interface used. The DC voltage converter in the form of a cut-off converter that is currently used in the prior art also allows for interruption of the energy flow when the output side is shorted. This is not the case in the converter sympathy of Figure 26, because there is no galvanic isolation in the power path of the converter, which allows the input (ie, 12 volts onboard) The power flow to the output (ie, the current conductor of the gas discharge lamp igniter 50) is interrupted, wherein the current conductor may inadvertently be connected to the ground of the motor vehicle. In other cases, the DC voltage converter is constructed in a general manner and consists of an input side EMI filter, an input capacitor C1, a converter switch Q, an inductor TFB forming a step-up transformer, and the like. The inductor TFB operates on the intermediate circuit capacitor Czw via the diode D. This converter is cost effective compared to the cutoff converter used in the prior art. Therefore, the integrated gas discharge lamp 5 is cost-effective in terms of system as compared with the lamp system of the prior art having a gas discharge lamp and an external electronic operating device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in a first embodiment. Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the mechanical member of the integrated gas discharge lamp of the first embodiment. -67- 201043096 Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the second embodiment. Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the second embodiment. Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of the interface of the headlight/gas discharge lamp. Figure 6 is a detailed view of the electrical contact. 'Fig. 7 is a detailed view of mechanical contact>> Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the third embodiment. Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the fourth embodiment. Figure 10 is a perspective view of an ignition transformer of an integrated gas discharge lamp. Figure 11 is a perspective view of the upper portion of the ignition transformer. Figure 12 is a perspective view of the lower portion of the ignition transformer. Figure 13 is a perspective view of the lower portion of the ignition transformer showing a visible secondary winding. 0 Fig. 14 is an exploded view of the ignition transformer in the second embodiment. Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the ignition transformer in the second embodiment. Fig. 16 is an exploded view of the ignition transformer in the third embodiment, showing a two-winding main winding. Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the ignition transformer in the third embodiment, showing a two-winding main winding. Figure 18a is a connection diagram of a prior art asymmetric pulse igniter. Figure 18b is a connection diagram of a prior art symmetrical pulse igniter. -68- 201043096 Figure 19 is a connection diagram of an asymmetrical pulse igniter. Figure 20 is a connection diagram of an enlarged circuit of an integrated gas discharge lamp. Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of the igniter of the integrated gas discharge lamp showing the lamp holder construction. Figure 22 is a graphical representation of the operating frequency of a gas discharge lamp igniter during ignition. Fig. 23 is a circuit diagram when the arc light is operated by linear arc in the first embodiment. Fig. 24 is a circuit diagram when the linear discharge "arc" is operated in the second embodiment. Figure 25 is a circuit diagram when the arc light is operated by linear arc in the third embodiment. Figure 26 is a circuit diagram of a simplified operation of the DC voltage converter. Figure 27 is a graph showing the relationship between the normalized rated point burning power of the gas discharge lamp igniter and the weighted accumulated ignition period. D Figure 28 is a diagram of the weighting function γ. Figure 29 is a diagram of the function a. Figure 30 is a graph showing the relationship between the normalized rated photocurrent of the gas discharge lamp igniter and the normalized cumulative ignition period. Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view showing the integrated gas discharge lamp of the present invention in the fifth embodiment. Figure 32 is a flow chart showing the method for operating the integrated gas discharge lamp in the variant of the first embodiment. -69- 201043096 Figure 33 is a flow chart showing a method for operating the integrated gas discharge lamp in another variation of the first embodiment. Figure 34 is a flow chart showing a method for operating the integrated gas discharge lamp in the second embodiment. [Main component symbol description]

20 Electronic operating device 2 10 Electrical contact 220 Electrical contact 23 0 Electrical contact 240 Electrical contact 3 Headlight 3 3 Headlight reflector 3 5 Carrier part of opposing contact area 3 5 0 Opposite contact area 351, 352 Slit 5 Integrated gas discharge lamp 50 Gas discharge lamp ignitor 502 Release tube 504 Electrode 506 Molybdenum foil 52 Metal clip for fixing gas discharge lamp igniter 53 Fixing piece for metal clip 54 Metal layer of outer bulb 56 Gas discharge Light igniter near the lamp holder current wire -70- 201043096 57 far 70 lamp 702 703 705 from 705 gas 70 5 1 guide 70 5 3 solid wire holder for the lamp holder seat ring reference ring for the segmental discharge lamp Lifting in the fixed clip slot

7 1 72 Reflector ring for reflectors Conductive housing 722 Connection plate 73 Sealing ring between lampholder and lamp holder 74 Lampholder plate 741 Lampholder dome 80 8 1 8 11

8 112 8 112 1 8 12 814-816 8 120 8 122 8 1221 Ignition transformer ferrite core ferrite core first half of the first half of the ferrite core inside the first half of the ferrite core Long recessed ferrite core second half back iron ferrite ferrite core inner second half ferrite core second half side wall elongated recess -71 - 201043096 82 1 822 Round 823 Narrow 824 Medium 825 No. 826 No. 827 with 85 Connection 85 1 No. 852

Empty cylindrical plate slotted hollow central core one plate two plate member contact body top cover surface 86 main winding 861, 863, 865 cylindrical cylindrical member 862, 8 64 facing to the inner connecting plate of the electrical contact area 8620,8 640 Radius or round piece on the end of the strip of the main winding 866-869 as a fixed connection plate for mechanical fixing 87 secondary winding

871 Internal end of secondary winding 8 72 External end of secondary winding 910 Ignition circuit 920 Operating circuit 93 0 Total operating circuit 92 1 0 DC voltage converter 9220 Rectifier 9230 Signal generator -72-

Claims (1)

201043096 VII. Patent Application Range··1· An integrated gas discharge lamp (5) having a gas discharge lamp igniter (50) and an operation circuit (920, 930), and the operation circuit (920, 93 0) has a rectifier (9220) for operating the gas discharge lamp igniter (50) with a low frequency rectangular current, the integrated gas discharge lamp (5) being characterized in that the operating circuit (920, 930) is designed to flatten the arc Straightening so that the high frequency alternating current can be converted into a low frequency rectangular current. 2. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 1, wherein the I operating circuit (920, 93 0) has: an element for measuring an impedance of the gas discharge lamp igniter (50), To measure in the frequency range from the minimum frequency to the maximum frequency; and a memory for storing the frequency of the minimum impedance of the gas discharge lamp igniter (50). 3. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 1, wherein the frequency range for measuring the impedance extends from 80 kHz to 300 kHz. 4. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 1, wherein the operating circuit (920, 930) has a DC voltage converter (9210) having a switching frequency equal to the frequency of the high frequency alternating current . 5. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 4, wherein the DC voltage converter (9210) and the rectifier (9220) are sized such that the operating frequency of the DC voltage converter is The rectangular current of the rectifier is modulated in the form of high frequency chopping. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high frequency alternating current is generated by a signal generator (92 3 0) and coupled to a choke coil (Lk) and ignition device (9 10) ignited in the lamp circuit between the main winding of the -73-201043096 device. 7. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high frequency alternating current is generated by a signal generator (9230) of the ignition device (910) And can be coupled by a ignition transformer (TIR) of the ignition device (9 10). 8. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 7, wherein the coupling is galvanically isolated by the ignition transformer (TIR). 9. The integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 7 or 8, wherein the signal generator of the ignition device (9 10) is designed to provide a comparison of the gas discharge lamp igniter (5 〇) High take-over voltage. 10. The method of operating an integrated gas discharge lamp (5) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, when the integrated gas discharge lamp (5) is first started, The impedance of the gas discharge lamp igniter (50) is measured only once in the frequency range from the minimum frequency to the maximum frequency. 11. The method of operation of the integrated gas discharge lamp (5) of claim 10, wherein the frequency range for impedance measurement is extended from 80 kHz to 300 kHz. -74-