.201038343 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及特別適合在主軸軸線的上 合車床的車床結構，並且本發明涉及在主/、刀木的複 及配置於主軸軸線的正下方的下刀構 特點的車床。 丨導、構方面有 【先前技術】 車床是利用工具對把持於主軸的工件谁 ◎機床，所述工具相對於主轴在作爲主轴；^丁切削加工的 a i a > 平田深方向的Z麵太 =爲工具切人方向的x軸方向進行移動和 軸水平地軸支承於固定在床身上的主軸二 者職察t於機械的左側，工具安裝在配置於主轴; α作者m或近前侧下方的刀架的1且轉塔中 在具有兩個以上的刀架的雙主軸對置車床中，沿主軸轴線 進订移動和定位的移動主轴配置於機械的右側，刀架夹著 Q 主軸軸線配置於近前側下方和裏側上方。 關於能夠安裝銑刀等比較大型的旋轉工具來對工件的 外周進行平面加工或大徑孔加工的複合車床，在主轴㈣ 的上方配置上刀架’該上刀架能夠在z軸、χ轴以及與這兩 個軸正父的γ轴方向自如地移動和定位，並且能夠繞Y轴 自如地回轉和定位，在該上刀架設置有安裝旋轉工具的工 具軸，在主軸的後方配置有工具庫，該工具庫收納安裝於 該工具軸的更換工具（參照專利文獻1 )。 當想要在上刀架的工具軸安裝能夠進行重加工的大型 的旋轉工具時，像加工中心那樣將工具軸朝下地配置於工 3 201038343 件（即、主軸軸線）的正上方 樣的雙主軸對置複人束广 專利絲2中提出了這 軸方Ϊ 車床.從操作者側觀察，左右方向爲z 雔…下方向爲x軸方向，前後方向爲丫軸方向，該 :=置複合車床具有位於主軸轴線的正上方的工具 置複合車床的工具軸价上刀：具轉塔。該雙主軸對 x u、 #軸°又置於上刀架，該上刀架能夠在Z軸、 軸以及γ軸方向自如地移叙知—BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lathe structure that is particularly suitable for an upper lathe of a spindle axis, and the present invention relates to the assembly of the main/knife and the main axis of the spindle. The undercut features a lathe. There are [previous techniques] in the guidance and construction. The lathe is a tool for holding the workpiece on the spindle. The machine tool is used as the main axis with respect to the main shaft. The aia > The tool moves in the x-axis direction of the tool cutting direction and the shaft is horizontally supported on the spindle fixed to the bed. Both are on the left side of the machine, and the tool is mounted on the spindle; the α author m or the tool holder below the front side In the two-spindle opposed lathe with two or more tool holders in the turret, the moving spindle that moves and positions along the spindle axis is disposed on the right side of the machine, and the tool holder is placed near the Q spindle axis. Below the front side and above the back side. A composite lathe that can mount a large rotating tool such as a milling cutter to planarly machine a large circumference of a workpiece or a large diameter hole. The upper tool holder is disposed above the main shaft (four). The upper tool holder can be in the z-axis and the x-axis. The γ-axis direction of the two axes is freely moved and positioned, and can be freely rotated and positioned around the Y-axis. The upper tool holder is provided with a tool shaft on which the rotary tool is mounted, and a tool magazine is disposed behind the main shaft. The tool magazine houses a replacement tool attached to the tool shaft (see Patent Document 1). When you want to install a large-sized rotary tool that can be reworked on the tool shaft of the upper tool post, the tool spindle is placed face down on the double spindle of the workpiece 3 201038343 (ie, the spindle axis). This axis square 车 lathe is proposed in the opposite person. The left and right direction is z 雔... The lower direction is the x-axis direction, and the front-rear direction is the 丫-axis direction. The tool shaft with the tool set on the compound lathe directly above the spindle axis is priced: with a turret. The double-spindle pair x u, #-axis ° is placed on the upper tool holder, and the upper tool holder can be freely moved in the Z-axis, the axis, and the γ-axis direction—
移動和疋位，並且能夠繞Y軸（BMove and clamp, and be able to wrap around the Y axis (B
轴）自如地回轉和定位，The shaft is free to rotate and position,
具轉峪設置於能夠在Z軸和X 軸方向自如地移動和定位的 架的靠右主軸側端部。 刀木，工具轉W置於下刀 身的專敎獻2的雙主㈣置複合車床中，在床 身的刖侧上表面設f右尤士 置有左右主軸相和下刀#，在固定於床 :广側上表面的框架狀的立柱設置有上刀架用的左右移 動座（上侧Z軸移動座）’在該上側2軸移動座的前表面 ^有上刀架用的上下移動座（上側X軸移動座），在該 、側X軸和動座’以能夠在γ軸方向自如地移動和定位、 並且夠’繞γ軸自如地回轉和定位的方式設置有上刀架。 f主軸相5又置成其下表面固定於床身前側的高出一節的左 而的上表面’了刀架和右主軸箱設置成能夠沿左右弓I導件 (下側z軸引導件）自如地移動和定位該左右引導件咬 置於床身的相對於左端低-節的前側上表面。 ° 左主轴箱從下刀架側觀察為朝下的口字形，在左主轴 的正下方的分形成有通道（tunnel )冑。下刀架在其右端 具有轉^，在將轉塔移動到了左移動端時，成為轉塔的左 側的下刀架和將該下刀架支承成能够I X轴方向自如地移 4 201038343 動的下ζ軸移動座收纳於左主轴正下方的所述通道部。 Ο Ο 專利文獻1 :日本特開2003— 205431號公報 專利文獻2 ·曰本特開2006 — 297561號公報 在主軸軸線的正上方朝下地配置有工具軸、並且在主 轴轴線的正下方配置有工具轉塔的現有結構的複合車床具 有以下特徵：由於上刀架的支承剛性大，並且上刀架能夠 織Υ軸回轉，所以能夠在工具軸安裝大型的旋轉工呈，通 過設置自動工具更換裝置，還能夠進行大平面和傾斜孔的 加工等。但是，這種車床存在以下問題：床身大型化的問 碭，對配置於工件切削位置下方的床身上表面上的下刀架 用的Ζ軸引導件（下ζ軸引導件）i 早ή等仵）及其進給絲桿進行保護 使它們不受落下來的切屑和切削液的侵害的罩的結構變得 複雜的問題；以及在大型的車床中主軸軸線的位置變高的 問題。 【發明内容】 本發明是爲了解決這樣的問題而完成的，其課題在於 新結構的複合車床，在該複合車床中，床身的結 稱間旱且小型，從Λϋ Τ 堪. 置下來的切屑和切削液能夠被 順％地排出，並且能夠使位於 … 於主軸軸線下方的刀架、主軸 相或主軸箱基座的下方部分 構緊凑化。 1刀扪、、。構以及這些結構的引導結 本發明的車床在水平的主轴轴線a的正下方配置有亘 有工具轉塔4的下刀架41。床身q (朝向操作者侧的面），在今前声而致起直的則表面 表面的上部和下部配置有 卜刀木4 Ί的Ζ軸引導桦j ?丨,、〇 j 等件12u 12d。在雙主軸對置車床中， .201038343 軸支承移動主軸3的銘無 „ . ^ ^ 的移動主軸箱31以能夠自如地移動和定 位的方式安裝於該2虹、* 轴引導件12u、12d。即，下刀牟41 和移動主軸箱31被設wώ 6 朱41 法ΊΓΜΑΑΓΊ '身的大致錯直的前表面的上部 和下部的同一 2； |由彳丨$ & ¥件12u、12d所引導。Z軸在從摔作 者側觀察時爲左右的水 ❹作 ^ 尺干方向，χ軸爲上下方向，丫軸爲前The switch is disposed at the right spindle side end portion of the frame that can be freely moved and positioned in the Z-axis and the X-axis direction. Knife wood, the tool turn W is placed in the double main (four) composite lathe of the lower blade body. On the upper side of the bed side, the right side of the bed is placed with the left and right main shaft phases and the lower knife #, which is fixed at Bed: the frame-shaped upright on the upper side of the wide side is provided with a left and right movable seat for the upper tool holder (upper side Z-axis moving seat) 'on the front surface of the upper two-axis moving seat ^ has an upper and lower movable seat for the upper tool holder (Upper X-axis moving seat), in which the side X-axis and the movable seat ' are freely movable and positioned in the γ-axis direction, and are provided with an upper blade holder so as to be freely rotatable and positioned around the γ-axis. The f-spindle phase 5 is again placed on the upper surface of the upper portion of the upper portion of the bed which is fixed to the front side of the bed. The tool holder and the right headstock are arranged to be able to guide the left and right bows (the lower z-axis guide) The freely movable and positioned left and right guides bite on the front side upper surface of the bed opposite to the left end. ° The left headstock is viewed as a downward-facing figure from the lower tool holder side, and a tunnel 胄 is formed directly below the left spindle. The lower tool holder has a turn at the right end thereof, and when the turret is moved to the left moving end, the lower tool holder on the left side of the turret and the lower tool holder are supported to be freely movable in the IX-axis direction. The cymbal moving seat is housed in the passage portion directly below the left main shaft.工具 专利 专利 专利 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 2006 The composite lathe of the prior art of the tool turret has the following features: since the support rigidity of the upper tool post is large, and the upper tool post can sew the shaft, it is possible to install a large rotary tool on the tool shaft by providing an automatic tool changing device. It is also capable of processing large flat surfaces and inclined holes. However, this type of lathe has the following problems: the size of the bed is large, and the boring guide (the lower jaw guide) for the lower holder placed on the surface of the bed below the cutting position of the workpiece is early, etc.仵) and the problem that the feed screw is protected from the structure of the cover which is protected from the falling chips and the cutting fluid; and the position of the spindle axis becomes high in a large lathe. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and a subject thereof is a composite lathe of a new structure in which the bed is arid and small in size, and the chip is placed from the Λϋ Τ. The cutting fluid can be discharged in a fractional manner, and the lower portion of the tool holder, the spindle phase or the spindle housing base located below the spindle axis can be made compact. 1 knife,,. Structure and Guide Structure of These Structures The lathe of the present invention is disposed with a lower tool holder 41 having a tool turret 4 directly below the horizontal spindle axis a. The bed q (the side facing the operator side), in the upper part and the lower part of the surface surface, is arranged with the Ζ 引导 引导 引导 引导 引导 引导 引导 引导 引导 引导 引导 引导 引导 引导 引导 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨 丨12d. In the twin-spindle opposed lathe, the .201038343 shaft-supporting moving spindle 3 is mounted on the two-axis, *-axis guides 12u, 12d in such a manner that the moving headstock 31 is freely movable and positioned. That is, the lower blade 41 and the moving headstock 31 are provided with the same 2's upper and lower portions of the substantially straight front surface of the body; | guided by &$ & ¥12u, 12d When the Z-axis is viewed from the side of the author, the left and right water rafts are in the direction of the ruler, the χ axis is the up and down direction, and the 丫 axis is the front.
後方向，操作者側爲前方。 神爲月JIn the rear direction, the operator side is the front. God for the month J
义下刀木41的X轴引導件43配置於z軸移動座42的 月j表面該z軸移動座42以其背面側（與操作者相反的一 側）被所述Z轴引導w2u、12d引導的方式在左右方向移 動’下刀架4!以能夠沿χ軸引導件43自如地移動和定位 的方式將责面側安裝於ζ軸移動座42。下刀架在其與 主軸箱相反的-側（在雙主軸對置車床中爲移動主轴箱、3; 側）具有工具安裝部（一般爲工具轉塔）4。 主軸箱21 α向近前側且向刀架側探出的狀態一體或固 疋地安裝於主軸箱基座22的上方部，該主軸箱基座22的 月面側下方部跨越Ζ軸引導件彳2U、1 2d地固定於床身’ 的前表面（與安裝有Z軸引導件的面相同的面）的上端部 和下端部❶因此，主軸轴線a位於比床身n的前侧邊緣更 罪近前側（操作者側）的上方。因此，通過在主軸軸線a 的下方部配置切削液和切屑的回收槽1 3，能夠簡單地防止 切削液和切屑侵入到配置有引導件和進給絲桿的機構部。 此外’根據上述結構，當下刀架41移動至主軸箱側移 動端時，該下刀架41的特別是軸支承工具轉塔4的轉位轴 的轉位機構部收納於主軸箱的下方的空間中。所述主轴箱 基座22在其上方部的比下刀架高的位置具有向下刀架41 6 201038343 申的伸出格主軸箱21一體或固定地設 部μ的近前側，由此能夠增大在下刀架41移動至主= 側移動端時的主軸箱21下方的 相 1〜水41的收納空間。 Ο 在該結構的情況下’爲了提高主軸箱21的 優選設置將伸出部28的背面側連接固定於床身”的前表 面的上端部的加強板部26。此外，在該結構中，當下刀架 41移動至主軸箱側移動端時’能夠使ζ軸移動座的： 主軸箱側延伸的延伸部46位於該加強板部26的下方，、因 此旎夠提高Ζ轴移動座42的引導剛性。 如果將驅動主軸2的主軸電動機29安裝於主軸箱基座 查'的前表面下方部，則容易進行主軸電動機2"維護檢 如果在主轴箱21的主軸箱基座22的背面的下端和高 -間位置設置向背後側延伸的腳部25u、25d，並通過言 些腳部將主軸箱基座22固定於床身U的前表面，則能= 在主轴箱基座22的下方部背面和床身u的前表面之間形 成左右貫通的空間23。z軸引導件12u、⑶和進給 45能夠貫穿該空間23地進行設置。而且，能夠使爲了提： 下刀架41在左右方向的引導剛性而設置於二軸移動座 的延伸部46、和保護Z㈣導件心⑵及其進給絲桿 45不受切削液和切屑的侵害的罩形成爲可貫穿該空間Μ 地自如地左右移動的結構。 另外’在雙主軸對置車床中，能夠將z軸移動座的延 伸部46設置於固定主轴箱21側，即使將下刀架用的z轴 進給絲桿45和移動主軸箱31用的z軸進給絲桿％配置在 7 201038343 同—軸線上，也能夠避免下2軸移動座和移動主軸箱3i之 間的干涉’能夠實現緊湊的設備配置。The X-axis guide 43 of the lower blade 41 is disposed on the surface j of the z-axis moving seat 42. The z-axis moving seat 42 is guided by the Z-axis by the back side (the side opposite to the operator) w2u, 12d The guiding method moves the lower blade holder 4 in the left-right direction to mount the face side to the spindle moving seat 42 so as to be freely movable and positioned along the y-axis guide 43. The lower tool holder has a tool mounting portion (generally a tool turret) 4 on its opposite side to the headstock (moving the headstock in the twin-spindle opposed lathe, 3; side). The headstock 21 α is integrally or fixedly attached to the upper portion of the headstock base 22 in a state of being protruded toward the front side and toward the tool holder side, and the lunar side lower portion of the headstock base 22 spans the y-axis guide 彳2U, 1 2d are fixed to the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the front surface of the bed 'the same surface as the surface on which the Z-axis guide is attached. Therefore, the spindle axis a is located more than the front side edge of the bed n The crime is near the front side (operator side). Therefore, by arranging the recovery grooves 13 for the cutting fluid and the chips at the lower portion of the spindle axis a, it is possible to easily prevent the cutting fluid and the chips from entering the mechanism portion where the guide and the feed screw are disposed. Further, according to the above configuration, when the lower blade holder 41 is moved to the headstock side moving end, the indexing mechanism portion of the lower blade holder 41, in particular, the indexing shaft of the shaft supporting tool turret 4 is housed in the space below the headstock box. in. The headstock base 22 has a lower side than the lower blade holder at a position higher than the lower blade holder, and has a front side of the head frame 21 of the lower tool holder 41 6 201038343, or the front side of the fixed portion μ, thereby being able to increase The storage space of the phase 1 to the water 41 below the headstock 21 when the lower blade holder 41 is moved to the main = side moving end. Ο In the case of this configuration, the reinforcing plate portion 26 that connects and fixes the back side of the protruding portion 28 to the upper end portion of the front surface of the bed body in order to improve the preferable arrangement of the headstock 21 is further provided. When the tool holder 41 is moved to the headstock side moving end, the extension portion 46 on which the spindle case side extends can be positioned below the reinforcing plate portion 26, thereby improving the guiding rigidity of the cymbal moving seat 42. If the spindle motor 29 that drives the spindle 2 is attached to the lower portion of the front surface of the headstock base, it is easy to perform the spindle motor 2" maintenance check if the lower end of the headstock base 22 of the spindle head 21 is lower and higher. The leg portions 25u and 25d extending toward the rear side are disposed at the position, and the headstock base 22 is fixed to the front surface of the bed U by the foot portions, so that the lower portion of the lower head portion of the headstock base 22 can be A space 23 that penetrates left and right is formed between the front surfaces of the bed u. The z-axis guides 12u, (3) and the feed 45 can be disposed through the space 23. Further, it can be made that the lower blade holder 41 is in the left-right direction. Guide rigid and set to two The extension portion 46 of the shaft moving seat and the cover for protecting the Z (four) guide core (2) and the feed screw 45 from the cutting fluid and the chips are formed into a structure that can freely move right and left through the space. In the twin-spindle opposed lathe, the extension portion 46 of the z-axis moving seat can be placed on the fixed headstock 21 side, even if the z-axis feed screw 45 for the lower tool holder and the z-axis feed for the moving headstock 31 are fed. The screw % is configured on the same axis as the 7 201038343, and the interference between the lower 2-axis moving seat and the moving headstock 3i can also be avoided' to achieve a compact device configuration.
士當在主軸軸線a的正上方設置工具軸5來形成複合車 守床身11具有大致水平的上表面和大致鉛直的前表 面，文裝工具軸5的上刀架51經上側z軸移動座52、上 側丫軸移動座54和上側χ軸移動座57以能夠繞丫轴自如 地回轉和定位的方式設置於上侧X軸移動座57，其中，上 側Ζ軸移動座52由配置於床身μ的上表面的前側和裏側 的上'Ζ軸引導件14、14所引導’上側丫軸移動座Μ由 配置於β亥上側Ζ軸移動座的上表面的上側Υ軸引導件53、 53所引導’上側χ軸移動座57由配置於該上側γ轴移動 座的縱長的前表面的上側X軸引導件56、56所引導，並且 以朝：的方向作爲工具相對於工件的切入方向。根據該結 構，能夠提高驅動大型旋轉卫具的上刀架51的支承剛性， 亚且能夠實現工具庫和工具更換裝置的合理配置。 根據本發明’在以X軸（即工具切入方向）爲錯直方 向、並且在主軸車由線a的下方配置有下刀架Μ的車床中 能夠避免當下刀架41移動至主轴側（固定主軸側）移動端 時的下刀& 41和主軸箱基座22之間的機械性干涉，並且 能夠緊凑地配置主轴箱基座22、下刀架41以及支承該下刀 架的Ζ軸移動座42。 此外，通過採用本發明的結構，能夠將在左右方向引 導下刀架41的引導面（設置有左右方向的引導件、⑶ 的面）以及上下方向的引導& (設置有上下方向的引導件 43、43的面）在比主軸軸線a的正下方更靠裏側（床身 8 201038343 屑成舄大致鉛直方向的面，能夠使防止切削液和切 m這些引導面等的罩結構簡單化。而且，通過在床 〗方的主軸軸線a的正下方的位置配置回收槽，能 夠谷易地回收切削液和切屑。 【實施方式】 面參照附圖對本發明的具體示例進行說明。附圖 Ο ο 同二本發明的結構的雙主軸對置複合車床，其包括：在 線a上對置的兩個主軸2、3 ;配置於主軸軸線的正 4的工具軸5;以及配置於主軸軸線的正下方的工具轉技 主軸軸線a的方向從操作者側觀察是左右方向，工具轴 正工具轉塔4的工具切入方向是鉛直方向與這兩個方向 ^的方向是前後方向，左右爲車床的z軸，上下爲χ轴， 引後舄Υ軸，操作者側爲前方。 從操作者側觀察，左侧的主軸箱21固定於床身川右 工、主軸相31能夠在左右方向自如地移動和定位。設置有 :軸5的上刀架51能夠在左右、上下以及前後方向自如 位夕動和定位’並且能夠繞前後方向的軸自如地回轉和定 工。在工具軸5的左右的主軸箱21、31的上方位置配置有 夏。具〇、7,該工具庫7、7中收納有安裝於工具轴5的工 裝有工具轉塔4的下刀架41位於工具轉塔4的左側， 刀架41能夠在左右和上下方向自如地移動和定位。 户床身11固定地或一體地設置於基座i的上表面，該基 =1的上表面以前方朝降低方向緩慢地傾斜的方式形成。 / 11包括：平面形狀大致爲矩形、且前側邊緣部高出一 即的水平的上表^;以及下側邊緣部向前方凸出—節的鉛 9 201038343 直的前表面。將基座1的上表面形成爲前方降低的傾斜面 是爲了將經由床身落下來的潤滑油等引導至配置於基座^ 的前方的回收槽1 3。 在床身11的前表面的上下，在該前表面的大致左右方 向全長範圍内配置有左右方向的引導件12u、12d。此广 Ο Ο 下側的引導件12d配置於床身前表面下侧邊緣部的^部 分。此外，在上側和下側的引導件12u、12d之間，進给綠 桿45和進給絲桿35配置在同一軸線上，所述進給絲 使下刀架41沿弓丨導件12u、12d移動’所述進給絲桿％ 使右主軸箱31沿引導件12u、12d移動，其中，進給絲桿 45位於床身前表面的左側，並且進給絲桿35位於床身前: 面的右側。驅動這些進給絲桿旋轉的進給電動機48、=配 置在成爲床身前表面的左右端部的位置。 從操作者側觀察，左側的左主轴箱21經主轴箱基座Μ /固定於床的前表面。主軸箱基座22是主軸箱的一部 :但在这裏爲了便於說明，將軸支承左主轴2的部分作 A左主軸箱21、並將介於該左主軸箱和床身”之間八 作爲主軸箱基座22來進行說明。 的倒如l圖Λ所不’主軸箱基座22具有從正面觀察寬度很寬 子形的塊狀的主體部，在該主體部的從前方觀察爲 出二大：矩形形狀的上部具有向右主軸箱31侧延伸的伸 用蟬松蓉 體部的上方的伸出部28的前表面-體地或 =4㈣設置有左主軸箱〜在主軸箱基座U的背面 =的面W邊緣部和高度中間位置，—體地設置 向後方延伸的腳部25u、25d。關於主轴箱基座22，將上 .201038343 側的腳部25u在床身11的前矣 面左鳊的位於上側引導件 上方的位置處固定於床身I， 并时 —ά 牙11 ,並將下側的腳部25d在 床身11的前表面左端的位於下則導件⑵下方的 固定於床身11,由此來安裝主轴 Μ 相卷座22。在主軸箱基座 2的伸出部28的背面側的下方，一 —丄a 體地叹置有加強板部 26 ’邊加強板部26將所述伸出卹 &… 朴向右絲箱31側延伸 的上側腳部25u連接成一體。驅 動左主軸2旋轉的左主軸 電動機29固定於主軸箱基座22 〇 , 左主袖電動機29通過帶 27的驅動來驅動左主軸2旋轉。 主軸箱基座22的上述形狀考慮到了以下情況：冬工呈 轉塔4移動至左移動端時 田八 1於。亥工具轉塔左侧的下刀架 1位於左主轴箱21和主站箱萁卜 奋曰缸 釉相基座的伸出部28的下方。即， 田工轉塔4移動至左移動端時， 91 . . ? 卜刀朱41位於左主軸箱 和支承該左主軸箱的伸出部28的下士 呈古怂& 33丨^的下方的空間，該空間内 具有也夠使下刀架41在上下方内銘氣μα s 向移動的向度。加強板部26 疋:了：用當工具轉塔4移動至左移動端時的下刀架“和 =動座(後述)之間的空位來進一步提高 ==而設置的部件，所述W移動座將所述下刀架^支 承成此夠在上下方向自如移動。 在主軸箱基座22和床身ί彳的治主π .^ ,§I ^ 子木身11的則表面之間、且在上侧 和下側的腳部25u、25d之間，报孑古世+ π η 之間’形成有貫穿左右方向的空間 =前表面^引導件⑵、…以及用於工具轉塔 / =進給絲桿45的基端貫穿該空間。此外，遮撞罩（未 二：地設置於^引導件12U、12d引導的下刀架 、轴移動座，從而該遮擒罩也能夠通過該空間23而向 201038343 左右移動。所述遮擋罩用於在工件加工時保護z轴引 12u、12d和左右進給絲桿45不受從上方落下來的切削液 和切屑的侵害。 如圖7所示，工具轉塔4以使轉位軸（使工具轉塔間 歇旋轉從而使工具轉位的軸）與主轴軸線a平行的方式支 承於下刀架41的右端。下刀架41爲大致長方體形狀，盆 被設置於2軸移動座42的前表面的X軸引導件43、43所 引導，並且與配置於這歧引導杜从丄（ 引導件的大致中間位置的上下進 給絲桿47螺合，從而該下刀架41在上下方向移動和定位， 所速z軸移動座42被床身前表面的2軸引導件i2u、似 引導’並料過左右進給絲桿45而移動和定位。驅動上下 進給絲桿47旋轉的進給電動機的在下刀架41的下方位置 I ^於Z ^各動座42的下端部，該進給電動機49經旋 ==驅動上下進給絲桿47旋轉，該旋轉傳遞機構將 月向下方的輸出軸和上下進給絲桿47的下端連接起來。 〇置有於床身”的形狀’在床身上表面前側邊緣設 ::-即的部分’在前表面下側邊緣部設置有向前方 受由下IT部分’這是爲了在力學上以剛性更高的形態承 又 架41和後述的右主軸箱的重量以及加工反作用力 而產生的力矩。 汉作用力 -面：Ϊ軸箱31具有從軸支承右主軸3的軸支承部32的 面°下方延伸的支承結構部33。該支承結構部33的背 .曽，下方^由與下刀帛41共用的Z轴弓ί導件12u、i2d引The tool shaft 5 is disposed directly above the spindle axis a to form a composite vehicle body 11 having a substantially horizontal upper surface and a substantially vertical front surface, and the upper tool holder 51 of the tool shaft 5 is moved by the upper z-axis. 52. The upper side yaw moving seat 54 and the upper side yaw moving seat 57 are disposed on the upper side X-axis moving seat 57 so as to be freely rotatable and positioned around the yoke axis, wherein the upper side yaw moving seat 52 is disposed on the bed The upper side of the upper surface of the upper surface and the upper side of the upper side are guided by the upper 'axis guides 14, 14'. The upper side axis moving seat is provided by the upper side boring guides 53, 53 disposed on the upper surface of the upper side of the 亥The guiding 'upper side shaft moving seat 57 is guided by the upper side X-axis guides 56, 56 disposed on the longitudinal front surface of the upper side γ-axis moving seat, and is oriented in the direction of the cutting direction of the tool with respect to the workpiece. According to this configuration, the support rigidity of the upper blade holder 51 that drives the large-sized rotary keeper can be improved, and the proper arrangement of the tool magazine and the tool changing device can be realized. According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the lower tool holder 41 from moving to the main shaft side (fixed spindle) in a lathe in which the X-axis (ie, the tool cutting direction) is in the wrong direction and the lower carriage is disposed below the line a. Side) mechanical interference between the lower knife & 41 and the headstock base 22 at the moving end, and the compact configuration of the headstock base 22, the lower tool post 41, and the pivot movement supporting the lower tool post Block 42. Further, by adopting the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to guide the guide surface of the lower blade holder 41 (the guide in the left-right direction, the surface of the (3)) and the guide in the vertical direction in the horizontal direction (the guide member in the vertical direction is provided) The surface of the 43 and 43 faces the back side of the spindle axis a (the bed 8 201038343 is a surface that is substantially perpendicular to the chip, and the cover structure for preventing the cutting fluid and the cutting surface, etc., can be simplified. By arranging the recovery tank at a position directly below the spindle axis a of the bed, the cutting fluid and the chips can be easily collected. [Embodiment] A specific example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A twin-spindle opposed composite lathe having the structure of the present invention, comprising: two spindles 2, 3 opposed to each other on line a; a tool shaft 5 disposed at a positive axis of the spindle axis; and disposed directly below the spindle axis The direction of the axis A of the tool transfer spindle is the left-right direction as viewed from the operator side, and the tool cutting direction of the tool shaft positive tool turret 4 is the vertical direction and the directions of the two directions are the front-rear direction. The right side is the z-axis of the lathe, the upper and lower sides are the χ axis, the rear 舄Υ axis is led, and the operator side is the front. As seen from the operator's side, the left headstock 21 is fixed to the bed body, and the main shaft phase 31 can be left and right. The direction is free to move and position. The upper tool post 51 of the shaft 5 is provided to be freely movable and positioned in the left and right, up and down, and front and rear directions, and is freely rotatable and fixed around the axis in the front and rear direction. In the upper position of the left and right headstocks 21, 31, summer is arranged. In the tool magazines 7, 7, the lower tool holder 41 of the tooling turret 4 mounted on the tool shaft 5 is placed in the tool turret. On the left side of the fourth block, the tool holder 41 can be freely moved and positioned in the left and right and up and down directions. The bed 11 is fixedly or integrally provided on the upper surface of the base i, and the upper surface of the base = 1 is slowly lowered toward the front. The ground is formed in a manner of being inclined. The /11 includes: a flat surface having a substantially rectangular shape and a front side edge portion which is higher than a horizontal level; and a lower side edge portion projecting forwardly - a lead of the knot 9 201038343 Straight front surface Forming the upper surface of the base 1 to the front The inclined surface is for guiding the lubricating oil or the like falling through the bed to the recovery tank 13 disposed in front of the base. The upper and lower sides of the front surface of the bed 11 are in the approximate left-right direction of the front surface. The guide members 12u and 12d are disposed in the left-right direction. The guides 12d on the lower side of the cover are disposed on the lower edge portion of the front surface of the bed. Further, the guide members 12u and 12d on the upper and lower sides are disposed. Meanwhile, the feed green rod 45 and the feed screw 35 are disposed on the same axis, and the feed wire moves the lower tool holder 41 along the bow guides 12u, 12d. 'The feed screw % makes the right headstock 31 moves along the guides 12u, 12d, wherein the feed screw 45 is located on the left side of the front surface of the bed, and the feed screw 35 is located in front of the bed: the right side of the face. The feed motor 48 that drives the rotation of these feed screws is placed at the position of the left and right ends of the front surface of the bed. Viewed from the operator's side, the left left headstock 21 is Μ/fixed to the front surface of the bed via the headstock base. The headstock base 22 is part of the headstock: however, for ease of explanation, the portion of the shaft supporting the left spindle 2 is referred to as the A left spindle headstock 21 and will be interposed between the left headstock and the bed. The headstock base 22 will be described as follows. The headstock base 22 has a block-shaped main body portion having a wide sub-width as viewed from the front, and is viewed from the front of the main body portion. Two large: the upper part of the rectangular shape has a front surface extending to the right headstock 31 side, and the front surface of the projecting portion 28 above the body portion of the 蝉 蓉 - 或 = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = 〜 〜 〜 The back surface of the U is the edge portion of the face W and the intermediate position of the height, and the leg portions 25u and 25d extending rearward are provided integrally. With respect to the headstock base 22, the leg portion 25u on the side of the .201038343 is placed in front of the bed 11 The left side of the crotch is fixed to the bed I at a position above the upper guide, and the hour-to-shoulder 11 is placed, and the lower leg 25d is located below the guide (2) at the left end of the front surface of the bed 11. Fixed to the bed 11 to thereby mount the spindle Μ phase roll seat 22. The projecting portion 28 of the headstock base 2 The lower side of the back side is slid with a reinforcing plate portion 26'. The reinforcing plate portion 26 integrally connects the upper leg portion 25u extending toward the right wire box 31 side. The left spindle motor 29 that drives the left spindle 2 to rotate is fixed to the headstock base 22, and the left main sleeve motor 29 drives the left spindle 2 to rotate by the drive of the belt 27. The above shape of the spindle housing base 22 takes into account the following situation: The lower turret 1 on the left side of the turret is moved to the left moving end, and the lower turret 1 on the left side of the turret is located at the extension 28 of the left headstock 21 and the main station box Below, that is, when the Tiangong turret 4 moves to the left moving end, 91 . . . 卜 朱 41 41 41 is located in the left headstock and the corporal of the left headstock that supports the extension 28 of the left headstock The space below, which has a degree of movement which allows the lower tool holder 41 to move in the upper and lower directions. The reinforcing plate portion 26 is: used when the tool turret 4 is moved to the left moving end. a vacancy between the lower tool holder "and the movable seat (described later) to further increase the component of the == setting, the W movement The seat supports the lower tool holder ^ so that it can move freely in the up and down direction. Between the headstock base 22 and the surface of the bed 彳 ^ , § I ^ 子木木11, and between the upper and lower legs 25u, 25d, + π η is formed with a space extending through the left and right direction = the front surface ^ guide (2), ... and the base end for the tool turret / = feed screw 45 penetrates the space. Further, the hood (not provided: the lower turret and the shaft moving seat which are guided by the guides 12U and 12d) can move to the left and right of 201038343 through the space 23. The hood is used for the hood. The z-axis guide 12u, 12d and the left and right feed screw 45 are protected from the cutting fluid and chips falling from above during machining of the workpiece. As shown in Fig. 7, the tool turret 4 is used to make the indexing shaft The tool turret is intermittently rotated so that the shaft in which the tool is indexed is supported in parallel with the spindle axis a at the right end of the lower blade holder 41. The lower blade holder 41 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the basin is disposed on the front surface of the 2-axis movable seat 42. The X-axis guides 43, 43 are guided, and are screwed to the upper and lower feed screws 47 disposed at substantially the intermediate position of the guides, so that the lower holder 41 moves and positions in the up and down direction. The speed z-axis moving seat 42 is moved and positioned by the two-axis guide i2u of the front surface of the bed, like the guide 'and the left and right feed screw 45. The feed motor that drives the upper and lower feed screws 47 to rotate Below the lower blade holder 41, I ^ under the Z ^ movable seats 42 The feed motor 49 rotates the upper and lower feed screw 47 by the rotation ==, and the rotation transmission mechanism connects the lower output shaft of the moon to the lower end of the upper and lower feed screw 47. The shape 'is on the front side edge of the bed surface::--the part 'is provided on the lower side edge portion of the front surface to be forwardly received by the lower IT portion'. This is for the mechanically rigid form of the frame 41 The weight of the right headstock to be described later and the moment generated by the machining reaction force. Han force-surface: The axle box 31 has a support structure portion 33 extending downward from the surface of the shaft support portion 32 of the right main shaft 3 of the shaft. The back of the support structure portion 33, the lower portion is guided by the Z-axis guides 12u, i2d shared with the lower blade 41.
Ui與進給絲捍35螺合。即，右主軸箱的軸支承部32 °引側凸出的方式設置於支承結構部33的上端，該支 12 201038343 承結構部33的背面下方部以能夠在床身彳彳的大致鉛直的 前表面自如地移動和定位的方式被z軸引導件12u、i2d* 進給絲桿35引導。驅動右主軸3的右絲電動機％固定 於右主轴箱的支承結構部33的近前側，並通過帶37的驅 動來驅動右主軸3旋轉。 如上所述，在圖示的雙主軸對置複合車床中，左主軸 箱21固定於床身彳彳並安裝於固定位置’右主軸箱31安裝 〇 〇 成能夠在左右方向自如地移動和定&，安裝有1呈轉挞4 的下刀架41安裝成能夠在左右和上下方向自如地移動：作 是這些部件安裝成収於床身彳彳的大隸直的前表面、或 者通過固定於該前表㈣料件12u、似和進給絲桿％ 或45而能夠在左右方向自如地移動和定位。另外，在左主 軸2和右主軸3之間的工件加卫位置的下方的下刀架41@ 更下方，《能夠自如裝卸的方式設置有左右細長的形狀的 回收槽13，該回收槽13接受在工 ^ 干加工時從所述加工位置 洛下的切削液和切屑。 在床身11的近前兩側豎立設 罟古、i I百左右支柱15,並且設 /主的上端的上梁16。在床身”的上部配 ^ "引¥件14和上側左右進給絲桿55^上側Ζ 軸移動座52被該上側2軸引導件 進給絲桿55螺合，從而該上側 〃上側左右 夕n Ζ軸移動座52被設w点处 夠通過驅動上側左右進給絲桿 月匕 在力亡干55方疋轉的進給電動機58而 在左右方向自如地移動和定位 前侧的一方配詈於庆IΑ 乙軸引導件14中的近 在上Γ7? 部的高出了 -節的部分。 在上側Ζ軸移動座52的上表面 配置有Υ轴引導件53 13 201038343 和前後進給絲桿（未圖示） 大的矩形前機床正面觀察具有高度很 ^表面的丫轴移動座54由 並且與被進給電動機59驅動 而該Y軸移動座54被„^〜别後進給絲桿螺合，從 定位。 被叹置成成夠在前後方向自如地移動和 在丫軸移動座54的前表面配 和上侧上下進給絲桿（未圖亍）μ側X轴引導件56 相…… （未圖不），上側X軸移動座57由上 〇 5丨導，並且與被秘電動機⑼旋轉驅動 的上側上下進給絲桿螺合，從而該上 ： 裝成能夠在上下方向自如地移動和定位。乡動座57被女 η狀：軸移動座57,以向前方凸出的結構設置有方 == 在該支承筒61的前表面，以能夠繞前後 方向的軸自如地回轉的方式設置有上刀架5卜上刀竿μ 的回轉支承機構和回轉用進給電動機設置在支承筒6;、内。 軸5以其工具把持端朝向下方的方式軸支承於上刀架 〇 5、工具軸5的旋轉驅動機構設置在上刀架w内。 在登立設置於床身11左右的支柱^的前表面’固定 有工具庫的支承部件71。該支承部件71在支柱Μ的近前 側向左右方向内側延伸，並從其内側端向前方延伸，在該 向近前延伸的部分安裝有卫具庫7、7和卫具更_置^ 72。圖中的工具庫7、7是繞左右方向的轴旋轉來選擇工且 的圓板結構，在支承圓板73的外側面（與工具轴側相反的 面）的圓周上配置有大量的工具保持部74。安装至工具軸 的更換工具以其軸向爲左右方向的方式保持於工具保持部 74。各工具保持部74具有方向變換機構，該方向變換機構 14 的工具的方向朝向下方。 下的工具軸5的工具和在 向下方的工具之間進行工 主軸對置複合車床Ui is screwed with the feed wire 35. That is, the shaft support portion 32 of the right headstock is protruded from the upper end of the support structure portion 33, and the lower portion of the rear portion of the support portion 33 of the support portion 13 201038343 is substantially vertically front of the bed. The manner in which the surface is free to move and position is guided by the z-axis guides 12u, i2d* feed screw 35. The right wire motor % that drives the right spindle 3 is fixed to the near side of the support structure portion 33 of the right headstock, and is driven by the belt 37 to drive the right spindle 3 to rotate. As described above, in the illustrated dual-spindle opposed composite lathe, the left headstock 21 is fixed to the bed body and is attached to the fixed position. The right headstock 31 is mounted so as to be movable in the left-right direction and can be freely moved and set. The lower tool holder 41, which is mounted with a turn 4, is mounted to be freely movable in the left and right and up and down directions: these components are mounted to receive the large front surface of the bed, or by being fixed to The front table (four) material member 12u, like and feed screw % or 45 can be freely moved and positioned in the left and right direction. Further, in the lower tool holder 41@ below the workpiece holding position between the left main shaft 2 and the right main shaft 3, a recovery tank 13 having a left and right elongated shape is provided in a freely attachable and detachable manner, and the recovery tank 13 accepts Cutting fluid and chips from the processing position during the machining process. On the front side of the bed 11, the upper and lower struts 15 are erected, and the upper beam 16 of the upper end of the main body is provided. In the upper part of the bed, the upper part of the bed is provided with the upper part and the left side of the upper side of the feed screw 55. The upper side of the shaft is moved by the upper side 2nd guide feeding screw 55, so that the upper side of the upper side is screwed to the upper side The nn Ζ-axis moving seat 52 is provided with a point w at the point where the front side left and right feed screw is driven to move in the left-right direction and the front side is freely moved in the left-right direction.詈于庆 IΑ The portion of the hinge member 14 that is closer to the upper portion of the upper jaw 7 is provided. The upper surface of the upper side shaft moving seat 52 is provided with the cymbal guide 53 13 201038343 and the front and rear feed wires. Rod (not shown) The front of the large rectangular front machine tool is viewed from the front side of the machine shaft with a very high surface. The movable base 54 is driven by the feed motor 59 and the Y-axis moving base 54 is fed by the screw. Combined, from positioning. It is slid so as to be freely movable in the front-rear direction and on the front surface of the cymbal moving seat 54 and the upper side upper and lower feeding screw (not shown) μ side X-axis guide 56 phase (not shown The upper X-axis moving base 57 is guided by the upper jaw 5, and is screwed to the upper side upper and lower feed screw that is driven by the secret motor (9), so that the upper portion can be freely moved and positioned in the vertical direction. The yoke 57 is y-shaped: the shaft yoke 57 is provided with a structure that protrudes forward. The front surface of the support cylinder 61 is rotatably provided around the front-rear direction. The slewing bearing mechanism of the tool holder 5 and the rotary feed motor are disposed in the support cylinder 6; The shaft 5 is pivotally supported by the upper blade holder 以 5 such that the tool holding end thereof faces downward, and the rotary drive mechanism of the tool shaft 5 is disposed in the upper blade holder w. The support member 71 of the tool magazine is fixed to the front surface of the pillars provided on the left and right sides of the bed 11. The support member 71 extends inward in the left-right direction on the near side of the strut, and extends forward from the inner end thereof, and the guards 7 and 7 and the guards 72 are attached to the portion extending forward. The tool magazines 7, 7 in the figure are circular disc structures that are rotated about the axis in the left-right direction, and a large number of tools are placed on the circumference of the outer side surface (the surface opposite to the tool shaft side) of the support disc 73. Part 74. The replacement tool attached to the tool shaft is held by the tool holding portion 74 in such a manner that its axial direction is the left-right direction. Each tool holding portion 74 has a direction changing mechanism whose direction of the tool of the direction changing mechanism 14 faces downward. Tool under the lower tool shaft 5 and the tool spindle opposite compound lathe between the tools below
201038343 使在轉動至最下端的位置處保持 工具更換位置72、72在安裝於朝 工具庫7、7的最下端被轉位而朝 具更換。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是表示具有本發明的結構的雙 的示例的整體立體圖。 圖2是圖1中的車床的右側視圖。 圖3是圖1中的A部的側視圖。 圖4是圖1中的b部的側視圖。 圖5是圓1中的車床的整體正視圖。 圖6疋主軸I目（固定主軸箱）的立體圖。 圖7是刀架（下刀架）的立體圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :基座； 2 :固定主軸； 3 :移動主軸； 4 :工具轉塔； 5 ·工具轴； 7 :工具庫； 11 :床身； 12u ' 12d : Z軸引導件； 1 3 :回收槽； 14 : z軸引導件； 15 201038343 1 5 :支柱； 1 6 :上梁； 21 :固定主軸箱； 22 :主軸箱基座； 23 :空間； 25u、25d :腳部； 2 6 _加強板部， 27 :帶； 〇 28 :伸出部； 29 :主軸電動機； 31 :移動主軸箱； 32 :軸支承部； 33 :支承結構部； 35 :進給絲桿； 37 :帶； 38 :電動機； w 39 :電動機； 41 :下刀架； 42 : Z軸移動座 43 : X軸引導件； 45 :進給絲桿； 46 :延伸部； 47 :進給絲桿； 48 :電動機； 49 :進給電動機； 16 201038343 51 :上刀架； 52 : Z轴移動座； 53 : 丫轴引導件； 54 : 丫軸移動座； 55 :進給絲桿； 56 : X軸引導件； 57 : X軸移動座； 58 :進給電動機； Ο 59 :進給電動機； 60 :進給電動機； 61 :支承筒； 71 :支承部件； 72 :工具更換裝置； 7 3 :支承圓板； 74 :工具保持部； a :主轴軸線。 ❹ 17201038343 Holds the tool change positions 72, 72 at the positions rotated to the lowermost position, and is mounted at the lowermost end of the tool magazines 7, 7 to be indexed and replaced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is an overall perspective view showing an example of a double having the structure of the present invention. Figure 2 is a right side view of the lathe of Figure 1. Fig. 3 is a side view of the portion A in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a side view of the portion b in Fig. 1. Figure 5 is an overall front view of the lathe in the circle 1. Figure 6 is a perspective view of the spindle I mesh (fixed spindle head). Figure 7 is a perspective view of the tool holder (lower holder). [Main component symbol description] 1 : base; 2: fixed spindle; 3: moving spindle; 4: tool turret; 5 · tool shaft; 7: tool magazine; 11: bed; 12u ' 12d: Z-axis guide ; 1 3 : recovery tank; 14 : z-axis guide; 15 201038343 1 5 : pillar; 1 6 : upper beam; 21 : fixed headstock; 22: headstock base; 23: space; 25u, 25d: foot 2 6 _ stiffener, 27: belt; 〇 28: extension; 29: spindle motor; 31: moving headstock; 32: shaft support; 33: support structure; 35: feed screw; : belt; 38: motor; w 39 : motor; 41: lower tool holder; 42: Z-axis moving seat 43: X-axis guide; 45: feed screw; 46: extension; 47: feed screw; 48: motor; 49: feed motor; 16 201038343 51: upper tool holder; 52: Z-axis moving seat; 53: 丫-axis guide; 54: 丫-axis moving seat; 55: feed screw; 56: X-axis Guide; 57: X-axis moving seat; 58: Feed motor; Ο 59: Feed motor; 60: Feed motor; 61: Support cylinder; 71: Support member; 72: Tool changer 7 3 : support circular plate; 74 : tool holding portion; a : spindle axis. ❹ 17