TW201029584A - Prevention and treatment of rotavirus diarrhoea - Google Patents
Prevention and treatment of rotavirus diarrhoea Download PDFInfo
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- TW201029584A TW201029584A TW098143191A TW98143191A TW201029584A TW 201029584 A TW201029584 A TW 201029584A TW 098143191 A TW098143191 A TW 098143191A TW 98143191 A TW98143191 A TW 98143191A TW 201029584 A TW201029584 A TW 201029584A
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- rotavirus
- bifidobacterium breve
- cncm
- bifidobacterium
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Description
201029584 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種預防及治療輪狀病毒引起之腹满,尤 其針對嬰兒及幼兒。 【先前技術】 腹瀉疾病仍係嬰兒及兒童生存之主要全球性威脅,且在 開發中國豕及工業化國豕,輪狀病毒感染係該群體罹患嚴 重性脫水胃腸炎之主要原因。在西方世界,輪狀病毒感染 之管理成本(估計僅美國每年之成本就超過億美元)係負 擔曰盈增加之健保預算的主要開支。近期開發的兩種新型 輪狀病毒疫苗帶來希望’但即使可獲得有效的疫苗,其使 用亦可能受開發中國家之財政拮据的限制。此外,其對具 有營養不良及免疫缺陷之兒童的功效仍值得懷疑。 在最近幾十年内,以益生菌作為治療胃腸疾病之安全及 可利用形式已受到極大關注。已被利用於治療由病毒引起 之腹?寫之細菌屬於乳酸桿菌屬及雙岐桿菌 屬。已認為抵抗輪狀病毒引起之胃腸炎 之某種益生菌之治療能力歸因於該等安定及增強胃黏膜障 • 壁、產生抗微生物物質及刺激局部抗原特異性與非特異性 • 免疫效應之能力。亦應注意與不同菌株有效性及作用模式 相關之顯著差異。 例如,在1990年代初期,Saavedra等人觀察到:投與乳 雙岐桿菌(Bifidobacterium lactis)與嗜熱鏈球菌 (Streptococcus thermophilus)之組合會使在美國醫院慢性照 145037.doc 201029584 護病房中達18個月之29個兒童的腹料生率及輪狀病毒釋 放降低,相較未接受任何益生菌者則為26個兒童(s^vedra 等人,The Lancet 344 ’ 1〇46 : 1994)。然而,在利用雙岐 桿菌的其他試驗中並未獲得明確結果。例如,對ι〇〇〇名法 國兒童之預防研究並未顯示腹瀉發生率或持續時間的降低 (Thibault專人,j pe(j Gastro Nutr 39,147 : 2004)。 最近,W〇〇1/10453描述廣泛篩選之26〇種不同細菌菌株 之結果,其中僅4種顯示基本抑制輪狀病毒複製。已發現 所有這四種菌株均屬於本發明者推斷之長雙岐桿菌 (5/〇叹謂)或青春雙岐桿菌(Β·α办/απ«沿)種,該等菌種 對預防及治療輪狀病毒引起之腹瀉特別有效。青春雙峽桿 菌之一種特定菌株,青春雙岐桿菌CNCM 1-2168係特別強 調其預防輪狀病毒感染人類細胞之能力。然而,據稱已從 成人糞便中單離該菌株,使其較不適合包含於為嬰兒設計 之產品中。 由上文可見:仍然需要具有有效抗輪狀病毒活性,且適 合併入嬰兒及幼兒食用產品中之其他益生菌。 【發明内容】 本發明者已出乎意料地發現,與先前推測相反的,益生 菌雙岐桿菌之抗輪狀病毒活性並非根據該菌種可預測。更 特定言之,本發明者已發現最初自人乳中單離之短雙岐桿 菌的特定菌株’短雙岐桿菌CNCM 1-3865,對於預防及治 療輪狀病毒引起之腹瀉極為有效,且即使在呈非複製形式 時,仍可保持該活性。 145037.doc 201029584 因此,在第一態樣中,本發明提供一種短雙岐桿菌 CNCM 1-3865。 在第二態樣中,本發明提供一種適用於預防或治療輪狀 病毒引起之腹瀉之組合物,其包含短雙岐桿菌cncm 1-3865。 在第三態樣中,本發明提供一種以短雙歧桿菌CNCM 1 3865於製造用於預防或治療輪狀病毒引起之腹瀉之藥物 或治療性營養組合物中之用途。
W 在第四態樣中,本發明提供一種預防或治療輪狀病毒引 起之腹瀉之方法,其包含對有此需要之嬰兒或幼兒投與治 療量之短雙岐桿菌CNCM 1-3 865。 已知年齡為2至4週之健康、經陰道分娩、接受母乳哺育 之嬰兒的腸道微生物群(可將其視為此年齡組的最佳微生 物群)主要為雙岐桿菌屬,而配方食品餵養的嬰兒擁有較 複雜的微生物群,其通常同時存在雙岐桿菌、擬桿菌 ❹ (5aciero淡4、梭®體⑹⑽”·而α)及鏈球@ (加辦OC0CC/)。 已假設:由於母乳哺育之嬰兒比配方食品餵養之嬰兒較少 罹患腹瀉感染,因此以雙岐桿菌為主之微生物群必定提供 •抗輪狀病毒感染之保護作用。然而,由美國疾病控制中心 (US Centers for Disease Control)在孟加拉進行的一系列研 究並未證實母乳哺育之嬰兒比配方食品餵養之嬰兒較少罹 患輪狀病毒感染(Glass等,八(^卩&6€^化8〇311£1.75,713-718 ; 1986)。因此,流行病學數據並不支持雙岐桿菌大體 上抗輪狀病毒引起之腹瀉的保護作用。本發明者已證實儘 145037.doc 201029584 管已於數種雙咬桿菌屬中發現抗輪狀病毒活性,但其並非 物種專一性特徵。此表示:儘管尚未闡明針對所觀察到之 作用之機制,但媒介抗輪狀病毒性質之基因可能不屬於該 菌種之共享核心基因組部份。 【實施方式】 在本說明書中,以下術語具有以下定義: 「嬰兒」意指年齡12個月以下之兒童; 益生菌」意指有益宿主健康及福利之微生物細胞製劑 或微生物細胞組分(§alminen s.、Ouwehand A.、Benno Y. 等人’ Pr〇bioties: how should they be deHned」Trends
Food Sci. Technol. 1999:10 107-10); 幼兒」意指一至六歲年齡之兒童。 除非另外說明’否則所有百分比係重量比。 該益生菌短雙歧桿菌CNCM 1-3 865可作為藥物投與嬰兒 或幼息,例如以相當於丨〇e丨〇 cfu之每日劑量溶解於水中並 以一延投與。或者,其較方便可以嬰兒配方食品、較大嬰 兒配方食或成長奶品中,以等同⑺㈡至cfu/g(基於 乾重)’更佳10e7至l〇el2 cfu/g之量投與。術語「等同量」 〇括下列可此性·細菌係活的、非複製的或死的或甚至以 片段形式(如DNA或細胞壁物質)存在。換言之,細菌數量 係以假如所有細菌均活的時該數量之細菌的菌落形成能力 表而不謂其等疋否真正係活的、非複製的或死的、呈 片段的或任何或所有該等狀態之混合物。 根據本發明嬰兒配方合〇 令食οσ之蛋白質源含量可不超過2.0 145037.doc 201029584 g/100㈣,較佳uuo g/keale雖然較佳為以乳清作為 超過50重量%之蛋白質源,但只要能滿足必需胺基酸之最 基本需求並可確保令人滿意之生長’蛋白質之種類並不認 為係本發明之關鍵。因此,可使用以乳清、路蛋白及其混 合物為主之蛋白質源及以大豆為主之蛋白質源。至於所關 注之乳清蛋白,該蛋白質源係以酸乳清或甜乳清或其混合 物為主,且可包括依所需任何比例之^乳清蛋白及卜乳球 蛋白。 該等蛋白質係完整或水解的蛋白f或完整蛋白質與水解 蛋白質之混合物。希望提供部份水解的蛋白質(水解度係2 至2〇%之間),以(例蝴於據信具有發展成牛奶過敏症之 風險的嬰兒。若f要水解蛋自,則水解過程可按所需方式 進打,且其係㈣技術巾已知。例如,乳清蛋白水解物可 依一或多個㈣,料水純㈣份製得。若料起始材 料之乳清部份實質上不含乳糖,料現在水解難期間, 該蛋白質較不受到離胺酸封阻。其能使離胺酸封阻之程度 從約15重量%之總離胺酸減少至低於約重量%之離胺 馱’例如’約7重量%之離胺酸可極大改善蛋白源之營養 品質。 該嬰兒配方食品可包含碳水化合物來源^儘管較佳碳水 化合物來源係乳糖,但仍可使用任何常見^嬰兒配方食品 中之慣用碳水化合物來源’例如乳糖、蔗糖、麥芽糖: 精、殿粉及其混合物。較佳地,該碳水化合物來源提供該 配方食品總能量之35至65%。 145037.doc 201029584 嬰兒配方食品可包含脂質來源。該脂質來源可係適用於 嬰兒配方食品之任何脂質或脂肪。較佳的脂肪來源包括棕 櫊油精、高油酸向日葵油及高油酸紅花油。亦可添加必需 脂肪酸(亞油酸及α-亞麻酸)及少量含有大量預形成花生四 烯酸及二十二碳六烯酸的油,例如魚油或微生物油。總體 言之,該脂肪含量較佳可提供該配方食品總能量之3〇至 55%。該脂肪來源中η-6對η_3脂肪酸之比例較佳為約至 約15 :1,例如約8:1至約1 〇: 1。 該嬰兒配方食品亦可含有所有被認為係每天膳食所必需❹ 及營養上有效量之維生素及礦物質。已針對某些維生素及 礦物質建立最低需求。礦物質、維生素及視需要存在於嬰 兒配方食品中之其他營養素之實例包括維生素A、維生素 B1、維生素B2、維生素B6、維生素B12、維生素£、維生 素K、維生素C、維生素D、葉酸、肌醇、於驗酸、生物 素、泛酸、膽鹼令亞磷、碘、鐵、鎂、銅、鋅、錳、 氯、卸、納、砸、鉻、翻、牛續酸、及L_肉毒驗。礦物質 通常係以鹽形式添加。特定礦物質及其他維生素之存在及© 量將依計畫投與之嬰兒族群而變化。 若須要,該I兒配方食品可含有乳化劑及安㈣,如, 大豆卵磷脂、單-及二-檸檬酸甘油酯,等。 該嬰兒配方食品可視需要含有其他可能具有有益作用之. 物質:如:纖維、乳鐵蛋白、㈣酸、㈣、及類似物。 上述嬰兒配方食品可藉由任何合適的方法製備。例如, 可由蛋白質、碳水化合物來源、及脂肪來源依合適比例混 145037.doc -8- 201029584 合在起而製備。若使用乳化劑,則可在此時添加。維生 素及礦物質可在此時添加,但通常係稍後添加,以避免熱 降解。可在混合之前,先將任何親脂性維生素、乳化劑及 類似物溶解於脂肪來源中。然後可將水,較佳係已接受逆 渗透處理之水’混合至其中,形成液體混合物。水溫宜約 50C至約80C,以輔助該等成分分散。可使用市售的液化 劑形成液體混合物。然後(例如)以兩個階段使該液體混合 物均質化。 然後可藉由(例如)在約5秒至約5分鐘内,將該液體混合 物快速加熱至約8n: 圍内之溫度來熱處理該 液體混合物,以減少細菌量。可藉由蒸汽喷射'高壓滅菌 器或藉由熱父換器(例如’平板熱交換器)進行此過程。 然後可藉由(例如)閃蒸冷卻,將該液體混合物冷卻至約 60 C至約85 C 〇接著’可(例如)以兩個階段再次使該液體 混&物均質化,第_ P皆段係於約i 压至約3〇 下且 第二階段係於約2 MPa至約1G咖下m —步冷卻 該均質化混合物,以添加熱敏組分,例如:維生素及礦物 質。此時’適宜調整該均質化混合物之pH及固體含量。 將該均質化忍合物轉移至合適的乾燥裝置(例如喷霧乾 燥器或冷綠燥器),並轉化為粉末。該粉末應具有少於 約5重量%之水分含量。 短雙岐桿菌CNCM Ι·3865可根據任何合適方法培養並藉 由(例如)冷凍乾燥器或噴霧乾燥器製備,以添加至嬰兒配 方中。 145037.doc 201029584 現將參考以下實例進一步闡述本發明: 實例1 根據本發明嬰兒配方之組合物實例如下所示。此組合物 僅以舉例方式給出。 營養素 每100千卡 每升 能量(kcal) 100 670 蛋白(g) 1.83 12.3 脂肪(g) 5.3 35.7 亞油酸(g) 0.79 5.3 α-亞麻酸(mg) 101 675 乳糖(g) 11.2 74.7 益菌助生質(70% FOS, 30% 菊糖)(g) 0.64 4.3 礦物質(g) 0.37 2.5 Na (mg) 23 150 K(mg) 89 590 Cl (mg) 64 430 Ca (mg) 62 410 P(mg) 31 210 Mg (mg) 7 50 Mn(pg) 8 50 Se㈣ 2 13 維生素A (μ§ RE) 105 700 維生素D(pg) 1.5 10 維生素E(mgTE) 0.8 5.4 維生素ΚΙ (μ§) 8 54 維生素C (mg) 10 67 維生素B1 (mg) 0.07 0.47 145037.doc -10- 201029584 維生素B2 (mg) 0.15 1.0 於驗酸(mg) 1 6.7 維生素B6 (mg) 0.075 0.50 葉酸㈣ 9 60 泛酸(mg) 0.45 3 維生素Β12(μΕ) 0.3 2 生物素(pg) 2.2 15 膽驗(mg) 10 67 Fe (mg) 1.2 8 I(Kg) 15 100 Cu (mg) 0.06 0.4 Zn (mg) 0.75 5 短雙岐桿菌CNCM I-3865 2.107cfb/g 粉末 實例2 該實例比較短雙岐桿菌之三種不同菌株在小鼠中對抗輪 狀病毒感染之效力。基於三種原因選擇特定老鼠模式。首 先,在該模式中,類人猿輪狀病毒不僅引起腸道輪狀病毒 Φ 感染,亦引起輪狀病毒腹瀉。其次,輪狀病毒對於鼠科腸 粘膜之影響的組織病理學類似於感染輪狀病毒之幼兒。第 三,該模式已再現不同益生菌菌株於臨床試驗中所獲得之 較大及較小作用。 •懷孕14天BALB/c小鼠係購丹麥M0llegard。小鼠分別安 置於瑞典胡丁格市卡羅林斯卡大學醫院(Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge,Sweden)之動物設施。自由 取用寢具及巢穴材料、標準顆粒膳食及水。保持12:12小 145037.doc 11 201029584 時之光:暗循環。小動物係於懷孕i 9至2〇天後出生。同胎 之小動物先隨機挑出後再重新分配至不同實驗組,每組7 至10隻^ 4組4天大之小動物係用於研究(三組實驗組及一 組對照組)。從第一天開始每天一次對小動物投與丨〇 體 積之細菌並持續至第3天。新鮮培養之細菌係依l〇el〇 cfu/ml之濃度再懸浮於PBS中(該pBS培養基已事先於相同 模式動物中測試’並未發現該培養基影響腹瀉結果)。三 組實驗組分別接受短雙岐桿菌CNCM 1-3 865(亦指定為内參 考物NCC 295 0)、短雙歧桿菌NCC 2791及短雙歧桿菌NCC 458。對照組僅接受卩8;5培養基。 第0天,經口使用2.10e7 FFU類人猿輪狀病毒RRV引起感 染。整個研究僅使用一批RRV。記錄腹瀉之發生率直到第 4天。於第4天時,經腹膜内使用戊巴比妥使小動物安樂 死。 根據糞便之黏稠度評估小動物之腹渴。水分多的腹萬得 到2分’稀便得到丨分,及無糞便或普通糞便得到〇分。藉 由費希爾精確測試(Fisher’s exact test),每曰比較處理組之間 疋否出現腹;寫’並在圖表中以腹渴%表示。嚴重度之定義 為實驗過程期間針對各小動物之腹瀉分數之總和(嚴重度 =Σ腹瀉值(第一天+第二天+第三天+第四天))及持續時間之 定義為腹瀉總天數。嚴重度及持續時間亦藉由克-瓦二氏 (Kruskal-Wallis)測試法及鄧恩測試法(Dunn test)分析。用 曼-惠特尼檢驗法(Mann-Whitney test)測試實時PCR,評估 腸道病毒載量之差異。 145037.doc •12· 201029584 感染率、嚴重度及持續時間示於下表2中。 表2
間及腹瀉症狀得分方面都顯著減少(圖1}。反之,短雙岐桿 菌NCC 2791顯示有限之保護作用,同時來自短雙歧桿菌 NCC 458之結果類似於彼等對照組中之結果。 實例3 該實例採用以上實例2中描述之模式,在小鼠體内比較 φ 短雙歧桿菌CNCM 1-3865之兩種不同製劑對抗輪狀病毒感 染之效果。在該實例中,有兩組實驗組及一組對照組。一 組實驗組接受依l〇el〇 cfu/ml(NCC 29S0 L)濃度再懸浮於 ’ PBS中之活細菌。另一實驗組接受相似細菌製劑,但在投 • 與之前’該配製物先於9〇t:加熱處理30分鐘(NCC 2950 H)。對照組動物僅接受PBS培養基。結果示於表3及圖2 中。自其中可見,對照組動物獲得高感染率,其中第2天 100°/。動物腹瀉。相較於對照組動物,兩組實驗組均減少 腹瀉症狀。 145037.doc -13· 201029584 表3 NCC 2950 Η NCC 2950 L 對照組 數據數量 7 7 6 持續時間平均值 1.429 1.143 2.167 持續時間SE 0.2974 0.4592 0.3073 平均嚴重度 1.429 1.429 4 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係隨時間比較感染類人猿輪狀病毒並接受不同益生 菌治療之四組小鼠之腹篇症狀.的程度。 圖2係隨時間比較感染類人猿輪狀病毒及接受呈未處理 及經熱處理形式之相同益生菌治療之三組老鼠之腹瀉症狀 的程度。 145037.doc 14-
Claims (1)
- 201029584 七、申請專利範圍: 1. 一 種短雙歧桿菌6reve)CNCM 1-3865。 2. 一種適合用於預防或治療輪狀病毒引起之腹瀉之組合 物,其包含短雙歧桿菌CNCM 1-3865。 3. 如請求項2之組合物,其係嬰兒配方食品、較大嬰兒配 方食品或成長奶品。 4. 如請求項3之組合物,其包含基於乾重計等同於10e3至 10el2 cfu/g之量之短雙歧桿菌CNCM 1-3865。 ® 5.如請求項3或4之組合物,其包含等同10e7至10el2 cfu/g 之量之短雙岐桿菌CNCM 1-3 865。 6. 如請求項3至5中任一項之組合物,其進一步包含至少一 種益菌助生質,其含量佔該組合物之0.3至6重量%。 7. 如請求項2之組合物,其係補充品且每單位劑量包含1〇4 至1012 cfu之短雙岐桿菌CNCM 1-3865。 8. —種如請求項1至7中任一項之組合物之用途,其係用於 製造預防或治療輪狀病毒引起之腹瀉之藥物或治療性營 攀 養組合物。 145037.doc
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ME03563B (me) | 2015-06-15 | 2020-07-20 | 4D Pharma Res Ltd | Kompozicije koje sadrže bakterijske sojeve |
MA41060B1 (fr) | 2015-06-15 | 2019-11-29 | 4D Pharma Res Ltd | Compositions comprenant des souches bactériennes |
HUE044617T2 (hu) | 2015-06-15 | 2019-11-28 | 4D Pharma Res Ltd | Baktériumtörzseket tartalmazó készítmények |
SG10201912324XA (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2020-02-27 | 4D Pharma Res Ltd | Compositions comprising bacterial strains |
MA41010B1 (fr) | 2015-06-15 | 2020-01-31 | 4D Pharma Res Ltd | Compositions comprenant des souches bactériennes |
GB201520497D0 (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2016-01-06 | 4D Pharma Res Ltd | Compositions comprising bacterial strains |
MD3209310T2 (ro) | 2015-11-20 | 2018-06-30 | 4D Pharma Res Ltd | Compoziții care conțin tulpini bacteriene |
GB201520631D0 (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2016-01-06 | 4D Pharma Res Ltd | Compositions comprising bacterial strains |
GB201520638D0 (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2016-01-06 | 4D Pharma Res Ltd | Compositions comprising bacterial strains |
CN114712405A (zh) | 2016-03-04 | 2022-07-08 | 4D制药有限公司 | 包含细菌菌株的组合物 |
GB201612191D0 (en) | 2016-07-13 | 2016-08-24 | 4D Pharma Plc | Compositions comprising bacterial strains |
TWI802545B (zh) | 2016-07-13 | 2023-05-21 | 英商4D製藥有限公司 | 包含細菌菌株之組合物 |
GB201621123D0 (en) | 2016-12-12 | 2017-01-25 | 4D Pharma Plc | Compositions comprising bacterial strains |
EP3630137B1 (en) | 2017-05-22 | 2023-05-17 | 4D Pharma Research Limited | Compositions comprising bacterial strains |
MA41708A (fr) | 2017-05-24 | 2020-04-08 | 4D Pharma Res Ltd | Compositions comprenant des souches bactériennes |
SI3638271T1 (sl) | 2017-06-14 | 2021-01-29 | 4D Pharma Research Limited | Sestavki, ki vsebujejo bakterijske seve |
PL3600364T3 (pl) | 2017-06-14 | 2021-01-11 | 4D Pharma Research Limited | Kompozycje zawierające szczep bakteryjny z rodzaju megasphaera i ich zastosowania |
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JP3269890B2 (ja) * | 1993-08-25 | 2002-04-02 | 株式会社ヤクルト本社 | ワクチンの効果増強剤及び効果増強食品 |
BRPI0708689A2 (pt) * | 2006-03-07 | 2011-06-07 | Nestec Sa | mistura simbiótica |
US20100166721A1 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2010-07-01 | Fabiola Masri | Probotic compositions and uses thereof |
WO2008153377A1 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2008-12-18 | N.V. Nutricia | Nutrition with non-viable bifidobacterium and non-digestible oligosaccharide |
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2009
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- 2009-11-27 BR BRPI0923171-4A patent/BRPI0923171A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-11-27 MX MX2011006701A patent/MX2011006701A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-11-27 US US13/140,546 patent/US20120107279A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-11-27 AU AU2009328383A patent/AU2009328383A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-11-27 WO PCT/EP2009/065977 patent/WO2010069737A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-11-27 SG SG2011042694A patent/SG172094A1/en unknown
- 2009-11-27 CN CN200980157146.4A patent/CN102325458B/zh active Active
- 2009-11-27 EP EP09760869.9A patent/EP2378890B1/en active Active
- 2009-11-27 CA CA2746805A patent/CA2746805A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-12-16 TW TW098143191A patent/TW201029584A/zh unknown
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US20120107279A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
CA2746805A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
CN102325458B (zh) | 2014-02-26 |
EP2378890B1 (en) | 2014-10-01 |
WO2010069737A1 (en) | 2010-06-24 |
MX2011006701A (es) | 2011-07-28 |
CN102325458A (zh) | 2012-01-18 |
ZA201105287B (en) | 2012-12-27 |
RU2011129812A (ru) | 2013-01-27 |
AU2009328383A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
BRPI0923171A2 (pt) | 2015-08-11 |
EP2378890A1 (en) | 2011-10-26 |
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