TW200948597A - Out-of-phase electrical welder and process - Google Patents

Out-of-phase electrical welder and process Download PDF

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Publication number
TW200948597A
TW200948597A TW98111238A TW98111238A TW200948597A TW 200948597 A TW200948597 A TW 200948597A TW 98111238 A TW98111238 A TW 98111238A TW 98111238 A TW98111238 A TW 98111238A TW 200948597 A TW200948597 A TW 200948597A
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
current
elements
fusion
waveform
splicing
Prior art date
Application number
TW98111238A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TWI378026B (en
Inventor
Tze-Yee Ryan Yap
Chi-Sang Li
Kelvin Koon Wan Yao
Hoon Yeng Yap
Original Assignee
Esselte Corp
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Publication of TW200948597A publication Critical patent/TW200948597A/zh
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Publication of TWI378026B publication Critical patent/TWI378026B/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/38Impulse heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/221Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/222Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip comprising at least a single heated wire
    • B29C65/223Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip comprising at least a single heated wire comprising several heated wires
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/221Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/224Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip being a resistive ribbon, a resistive band or a resistive strip
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/228Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the means for electrically connecting the ends of said heated wire, resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/229Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the means for tensioning said heated wire, resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7861In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7861In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line
    • B29C65/7864In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line using a feeding table which moves to and fro
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/23Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
    • B29C66/232Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B29C66/2424Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain
    • B29C66/24243Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral
    • B29C66/24244Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a quadrilateral forming a rectangle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/735General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7352Thickness, e.g. very thin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8182General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the thermal insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81821General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the thermal insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8187General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81871General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B29C66/91653Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by controlling or regulating the voltage, i.e. the electric potential difference or electric tension
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B29C66/91655Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by controlling or regulating the current intensity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/004Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0042Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/345Progressively making the joint, e.g. starting from the middle
    • B29C66/3452Making complete joints by combining partial joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81261Thermal properties, e.g. thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81457General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a block or layer of deformable material, e.g. sponge, foam, rubber
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/82Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
    • B29C66/824Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/949Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/10Thermosetting resins

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)

Description

200948597 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於熔接器,且尤其係更關於經組態用以沿 一預定圖案熔接之熔接器。 \ 【先前技術】 . 在電熔接機器中,i例如電極或加熱元件(如,電加熱電 φ 阻線或線圈)之熔接元件係用來將熱轉移至待接合的工 件。例如,脈衝熱熔接(一般係用來熔接聚丙烯(PP))藉由 透過加熱元件(如鎳鉻電阻線)傳遞電能之脈衝或叢發來 - 熔接,以致加熱元件以一極高溫轉移熱達到短週期時間。 . 為了沿預定圖案熔接,加熱元件係配置在對應圖案 中。然而,當加熱元件係配置在一相交或重疊圖案中時, 相交加熱元件之電接觸可能短路加熱元件,其可停止熔 接(至少在熔接裝置之某些部分中),或造成電流位準增
A 加,經常會到達工件的燃點,其可產生失火或其他危險 情況及損及設備。 . 為了防止短路,相交加熱元件係彼此電絕緣。例如, 美國專利第5,451,286號揭示以電絕緣與導熱層及帶提 供相交脈衝熱線的絕緣,例如由3M製造之TEFLON®帶 的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)或例如由DuPont製造之KAPTON® 的聚醯亞胺。然而,難以提供足夠薄而不增加相交之高 度,及足夠強以耐受脈衝熱熔接產生循環之高頻及高壓 200948597 的絕緣。使用絕緣之其他缺點包括由於相交加 之絕緣材料的厚度或絕緣材料的細化之 & ::昂責一,複雜溫度控制,絕緣二 及由於絕緣材料及設備設置之費用增加的製造成 本費用。此外,當料㈣破裂或隸時,— 會形成。 & j症 或:广相交加熱元件可在多數步驟中單獨地點 路=中對於各加熱元件之電流係藉由—分開的供應電 應。然而,此處理導致-延長熔接時間。 因此’係有用於-種提供簡化熔接器設計及操作 避免短路之改進熔接處理的需要。 【發明内容】 、在一具體實施例中,本發明係關於電熔接兩工件之方 法。該方法包含:置放分別與該等及第二部 分相關聯之一第一及第二熔接 路按7C仵(如金屬線或線圈的 加熱元件)’用於加熱及熔接該等U自—共同電源 相供電予該等第-及第二炫接元件。該等溶接工件可 藉由交替地導m通過料第—及第二料元件之 各者來反相供電,詩造成料[及第二料元件實 質上同時地溶接該等工件。 藉由交替地橫跨該第―、皮垃;μl 一 恨5忑弟熔接7L件之末端及該第二熔接 兀件的末端,施加一電位差交替地導引通過第一及第二 200948597 熔接元件,及/或藉由提供一具有一波形之來源電流且循 環地導引該波形之第一及第二部分分別通過該等第一及 第二炼接元件’電流可被交替地導引通過該等第一及第 二熔接元件。例如,可提供交流電成為來源電流,及該 波形之正及負部分可分別導引通過第一及第二熔接元 件。電流導引器(例如二極體)可用於交替地導引波形部 分通過該等熔接元件。
在一進一步具體實施例中,一被導引通過熔接元件之 波形的功率因㈣用__在電源及電流導引器料接的功 率因數控制器來控制。功率因數控制器可包含_相位控 制器例如,一二極體或在一倒轉並聯组態中接合之兩 石夕控整机n ’其係組態用於傳導波形部分的—小部分。 可用本方法來炫接由任何適合材料製成之工件,包括 熱塑性,例如聚丙烯。在—具體實施财,該方法係用 來稼接熱塑性片以製造一文件夾或活頁夾封面。 元件 _本發明亦有關一種電熔接器,其包含第一及第二熔接 兀件,-電源,其連接至該等溶接元件,·及一電路,盆 經組態用以從電源反相傳導電流至該等第一及第二溶接 【實施方式】 電脈衝熱熔接器10,其較佳係 第1圖之具體實施例係一 200948597 用於為熔接塑膠材料β熔接器丨〇係範例性,且可使用其 他適合之脈衝熱熔接器、其他類型熔接器或熔接器組件。 熔接器ίο包括在一支撐件22上支撐之一平台2〇。為了 製造活頁夾,平台20較佳係實質上平面及經組態以在其 上容納一熔接部件30 ’其經組態以提供加熱來熔接工 件。熔接器1 0亦包括一壓力部件4〇,其係可活動地安裝 在熔接器10上及經組態以在熔接操作期間可操作地接合 熔接部件30及施加足夠壓力在其上。在較佳具體實施例 中,熔接部件30及壓力部件4〇係經組態用以協同地熔接 一預疋圖案之模具。較佳係,熔接部件3〇及壓力部件4〇 係經組態以協同熔接一預定圖案之上及下模具。 一或多數熔接部件30可安裝在平台2〇上。熔接部件3〇 較佳係可活動地安裝在平台2〇上。例如,當多數熔接部 件30係安裝在平台2〇上時,熔接部件3〇可經組態以交替 地滑至壓力部件40下》在第1圖所示的具體實施例中,兩 熔接部件30係在熔接站2〇的任一侧上。操作中,熔接部 件30係交替地載入及在壓力部件4〇下橫向地滑動,接著 自其滑回及卸載且再載有待熔接之工件。 為了製造如第8圖中所示之環狀活頁夾3〇〇的封面,熔 接部件30係載有兩片塑膠材料3〇1、3〇3,例如聚丙烯的 熱塑性材料《加強件31〇(如紙板或其他貯存材料)係置於 片3〇1、303間,以致3〇1、3〇3係圍繞加強件31〇熔接以界 200948597 定活頁灸面板302、304、3〇6。加強件31〇係用於結構及 剛性。加強件310較佳係脈有與藉由熔接界定之區域(即 面板302、304、3〇6)實質上相同的尺寸。載入之溶接部 件30係接著在壓力部件4〇下滑動,且壓力部件4〇向下移 動以施加足夠壓力在組裝工件上。如下文中描述片 3(Π、3〇3係在壓力下沿圖案312、314加熱及溶融,且溶 ❹ ❹ 接片3〇1、3G3係接著冷卻以再凝固。片301、303可被動 地冷卻,即透過中斷加熱,《用一冷媒,例如空氣、水、 冷卻劑或具有-低於加熱溫度之溫度的任何其他適合媒 介。壓力係接著藉由向上㈣壓力料爾離熔接部件 30而釋放。 此具體實施例的熔接部件3〇可由任何適合之非導電、 对熱材料(其可耐受脈衝熱炫接之高溫)製成,例如熱固 性塑膠、金屬及H較佳係’賴部件观含一由熱 固性塑膠(例如熱固性_脂(如電木))製成之模具。熔接 部件30可包括此熱固性材料之單層或多層,且較佳係包 括如第2圖中所示之熱固性紛樹脂的至少兩層32、34,其 係可為層壓或者附接在一起。熔接部件3〇可具有任何適 合及所需尺寸及組態,但較佳係經組態及具足夠大小以 將熔接t工件容納在其上。你丨 、 如,為了熔接典型環狀活 頁夹或文件夾’炫接部件3〇可實質上平面及大體上矩 形,及具有至少如(及較佳係大於)工件的尺寸。溶接部
Φ
200948597 件3〇亦經組態及具^夠大小以容納加熱it件在其中。在 4佳具體實施财,熔㈣件3G可具有至少約1/4英时 的厚度,但其他尺寸可用於其他具體實施例中。 壓力《Ρ件40較佳係由一具有足以透過其轉移熱之導熱 係數的非腐㈣抗腐純金屬製造。此等適合金屬之較 佳實例包括銅合金、黃銅、青銅、鋁合金及不鏽鋼。為 了熔接«’可加熱壓力部件⑽防止塑膠工件黏住 其。例如,可加熱壓力部件4〇至約6〇。〇至14〇。^。或者, 壓力邛件40可用一非黏性材料(例如tefl〇n⑧的打叩) 塗布。 壓力部件40可取決於溶接組態及熔接部件3〇之組態, 以如所需及適合地組態。為了熔接一典型環狀活頁夾或 文件夹’ Μ力部件40可為—包括方形或矩_形狀之一實 質上平面鋼基板的模具。該模具可包括圍燒板邊緣之相 對較薄壁或突出。 在一較佳具體實施例中,壓力部件40包含彼此隔開之 第一及第二部分42、44。第—及第二部分42、44較佳係 由具有導熱係數的材料製成,較佳係具有足夠導熱係數 以透過其轉移熱之非腐蝕性金屬。較佳係,一填料46(其 較佳係可壓縮材料)至少部分地填充第一及第二部分 42、44間之空間,以逐出陷在第一及第二部分42、44間 之過1空氣。填料46較佳係全部地填充第一及第二部分 200948597 42、44間之空間。填料46較佳係一相對較軟泡沫材料(例 如軟橡膠泡沫),其可耐受至少高達約14〇〇c的熱。 在操作期間接觸待熔接之熱塑性材料的壓力部件4〇之 表面,視需要可包括壓花或紋理化圖案,以在熱塑性材 料之熔接部分上提供壓花或圖案。另外,壓花或圖案可 用一薄对熱帶或膜(例如Teflon®的PTFE)至少部分地 覆蓋以軟化壓花之效應及對熱塑性材料提供更光滑、更 平坦之紋理。 壓力部件40較佳係安裝至熔接器1〇,以致其可例如氣 動地垂直地移動。例如,壓力部件4〇可藉由安裝部件 5〇(如滑軌或氣動汽缸)附接至熔接器1〇。在較佳具體實 施例中’壓力部件40係組態以施加至少2〇psi,較佳係至 少約25psi,及至多約60psi,較佳係至多約45psi之壓力 於在其下方置放的熔接部件3〇上。然而,應理解,藉由 壓力部件40施加的壓力可取決於氣動汽缸的尺寸及熔接 器10的熔接區域變化。 嫁接部件30包括第一及第二熔接元件1〇2、ι〇4。在一 較佳具體實施例中,第一及第二熔接元件丨〇2、1 〇4各包 含複數第一及第二熔接元件。熔接元件1〇2、1〇4較佳係 將電流自一端傳導至另一端之加熱元件。熔接元件1〇2、 104係由導電材料製成,如當一電流通過其時產生熱的金 屬線或線圈。在一較佳具體實施例中,係使用鎳鉻電阻 200948597 線。此等線可在一短週期時間轉移極高溫度之熱,且因 此係適用於各種電熔接,包括脈衝熱熔接。熔接元件 102、104較佳係包括組態以保持一保持部件的端部ιΐ5, 例如一結件。各熔接元件1〇2、1〇4較佳係亦在接近各端 . 部115包括—伸展器(例如彈簀U7),以在熱膨脹期間維持 熔接元件102、1〇4平直且在熔接循環期間收縮。第一熔 接元件102係足夠長以延伸熔接部件3〇之至少長度。同 ❹ 樣地,第二熔接元件104係足夠長以延伸熔接部件3〇之至 少寬度33。較佳係,熔接元件1〇2、1〇4係比熔接部件3〇 之個別長度35或寬度Μ長至少約】英吋。熔接元件1〇2、 104的厚度較佳係一致及可適當的選擇。在一實例中,厚 ‘ 度係約G.lmm至G.5mm,但其他尺寸可用於其他具體實施 例中。 熔接元件102、104係配置以對應於熔接產品之熔接圖 ® 帛。例如’第-及第二熔接元件1G2、1G4可如第2圖顯示 分別彼此平行地連接以產生如第7圖中所示之熔接活頁 《封面300。在此實例中,射卜部第一溶接元件ι〇2及第 二熔接元件104分別形成沿活頁夾3〇〇之外緣延伸的垂直 及水平熔接縫312、314,而兩内部第一熔接元件1〇2形成 界定面板306於其中之内部垂直熔接縫312。各第二熔接 几件104在其末端交越第一熔接元件1〇2的各者及與之相 交且電接觸。其他具體實施例可使用不同組態或不同配 200948597 置中的您接元件以形成所需熔接圖案。然而,較佳係, 第熔接元件ί02至少部分地與至少_第二熔接 凡件104相交或重疊且係電連接。
熔接元件102 ' 104係依任何所需圖案在熔接部件3〇上 提供。例如,溶接元件m、1G4可簡單地置於熔接部件 3〇之表面上的所需圖案中,且黏著(如用膠帶)、用結 牛或藉由任何其他適合構件固定至熔接部件3 0或至外部 保持π件。在—較佳具體實施例中,孔U係設於炼 接部件30之頂部及側表面上以透過其延伸熔接元件 1〇2、1〇4之端部115,且將其固定至外部保持部件^卜
124,例如夾。各熔接元件1〇2、1〇4的端部u5較佳係插 入熔接部件30之頂部孔36中’透過侧孔38拉出,及用結 件12〇(如螺絲及螺帽)固定至保持部件122、124。為了清 楚’僅隅角保持部件122之—係顯示於第2圖中。在其他 具體實施例中’可使用其他適合之保持配置。接合内部 垂直熔接元件102之保持部件124亦可包括一對準部件 126’如-對準工模具’用於對轉接元件η。對準部 件126可為可活動,例如在如第2圖中顯示之一鉸鏈處可 活動,以促進對準部件126與熔接元件1〇2、1〇4的接合^ 脫離。 在一較佳具體實施例中 ’炫接部件30緊鄰熔接元件 102 ' 104下方之部分可移動以形成實質 上對應於熔接元 11 200948597 件102、104之形狀的通道100,以致熔接元件102、104 係實質上與熔接部件3〇齊平。一具有高於熔接部件3〇之 熱阻的阻障層(如陶瓷)可設於熔接部件30與熔接元件 102、104間以保護熔接部件3〇防止電熔接之高溫。例如, 依陶竟條帶之形式的阻障層可置於通道1〇〇内。阻障層可 組態以部分地或全部地替換係移動以形成通道1 〇〇的熔 接部件材料。阻障層可依任何適合方式附接至溶接部件 30,例如用黏著物。除了或替代阻障層的係一層用在導 熱金屬元件/帶/插入件頂部上之耐熱、非導電材料層(如 PTFE或聚酿亞胺帶或片(如TEFLON®或KAPTON®帶或 片),可視需要設於熔接元件1〇2、ι〇4下,以形成一用於 在熔接循環期間產生之過量熱的散熱器。然而,在相交 溶接元件間(即在水平熔接元件1〇4及垂直熔接元件1〇2 間)無須電絕緣。 參考第1、3至4及6至7圖,熔接元件1〇2、1〇4係經由一 導管202(例如,在端部115處)連接至一電源2〇〇。電源2〇〇 提供一來源電流至熔接元件102、104,以造成溶接元件 102、104加熱及熔化置於熔接部件3〇上的工件。電源 可為典型用於電熔接之任何適合電源,且較佳係—選定 以造成熔接元件102、104在熔接工件之所需時間中達到 所需温度以熔接工件的電壓之穩定電壓電源。較佳係, 電源200提供交流電(AC)。交流電可具有傳統正弦波形戋 12 200948597 另一適合波形。可使用任何適合電壓。在較佳具體實施 例中,藉由電源200供應之電壓在約5〇及5〇〇VAC間,更 佳係在約100及420VAC間。較隹係,熔接元件1〇2、1〇4 係可移動地連接至導管202,以致熔接元件1〇2、ι〇4可視 需要連接至電源200及自其分開,例如當使用多數熔接部 件3 0時。 • 第一及第二熔接元件1 02、1 係彼此反相供電,較佳 ❿ 係從一共同電源供應。在第3圖中所示的具體實施例中, 電源200係一 3相AC電源供應,但例如一 2相ac電源供應 之其他電源供應可用於其他具體實施例。熟習此項技術 • 人士將會瞭解如何提供一電路,其致能使用一提供所需 功率信號至熔接元件1 02、104之各者的不同電源供應。 一變壓器204係在電源2〇〇及各熔接元件1〇2、ι〇4間連 接。變壓器204分開傳導至熔接元件1〇2、ι〇4的電流’以 ® 致自變壓器透過溶接元件1〇2、1〇4傳導的電壓係浮動電 壓。因此,第一及第二熔接元件丨〇2、1〇4係以相同電壓 同時供電,但彼此反相。即使第一及第二熔接元件102、 • 104係電接觸中,此減少在第一及第二熔接元件102、104 間短路之危險,以致無須使第一及第二熔接元件1〇2、1〇4 彼此電絕緣。 在一具體實施例中,第一熔接元件丨〇2及第二熔接元件 係藉由交替地導引一電流通過第一及第二熔接元件 13 200948597 102、104之各者來供電,用於造成第一及第二熔接元件 102' 1〇4實質上同時熔接工件。可藉由交替地橫跨第一 溶接元件102的末端及第二熔接元件1〇4的末端施加一電 位差’及/或藉由循環地導引來源電流之波形的一第一部 • 分通過第一熔接元件1 02及來源電流之波形的一第二部 ' 分通過第二熔接元件104來交替地導引電流。當來源電流 ^ 波形的部分係傳導通過第一及第二熔接元件102、104 ❿ 時’傳導通過熔接元件1 02、1 04之電壓對應於經傳導波 形部分。例如,當來源電流波形的第一及一第二半部分 被傳導通過第一及第二溶接元件1〇2、1〇4時,通過其傳 導之電壓係約來源電流的一半電壓。 - 在第4圖所示的具體實施例中,各第一熔接元件102係 在其一末端連接至一第一電流導引器212,且各第二熔接 元件104係在其一末端連接至一第二電流導引器214。電 ® 流導引器212、214係能在預定方向中選擇性地導引一電 流。電流導引器212、214藉由橫跨其末端交替地施加一 電位差來交替地導引電流通過第一及第二炫接元件 102、1 〇4。視需要,可將另一第一或第二電流導引器2丨2、 214連接至各溶接元件102、104之其他端部以防止透過其 傳輸之電流倒流。 在一較佳具體實施例中,電流導5丨器212、214係能導 引來源電流之波形的一選定部分之二極體。例如,當來 14 200948597 源電流係具有一傳統正弦波形或另—適當波形之交流電 時,第一電流導引器212可傳導波形之一第一部分通過第 一熔接元件102,及第二電流導弓丨器214能傳導波形之一 第一部分通過第二熔接元件104,以致波形的第一及第二 部分被循環地導引通過第一及第二溶接元件丨〇2、1〇4。 在一進一步具體實施例中,電流導引器212、214可經組 態以在波形之一第一部分(例如,正部分)期間導引電流 通過電路之一第一部分,以導引電流通過第一熔接元件 1 02,及在波形之一第二部分(例如,負部分)期間導引電 流通過電路之一第二部分,以導引電流通過第二熔接元 件 104。 參考第4及5 A至5B圖中顯示之具體實施例,電源2〇〇供 應一具有第5A圖中顯示之傳統正弦波形22〇的Ac來源電 流。來源電流係透過電流線2 〇 1及中性線2 〇 3供應。第一 電流導引器212可為經組態以導引波形220之一正部分 222通過第一熔接元件1〇2的二極體,且第二電流導引器 2 14可為經組態以導引波形220之一負部分224通過第二 熔接元件104的二極體。通過熔接元件1〇2、1〇4傳輸之電 流主要在藉由電流導引器212、214導引之方向中流動, 其中在另一方向中有少數或沒有電流流動或洩漏。因 而,第一熔接元件102主要接收正波形部分222,而第二 溶接元件104主要接收負波形部分224,以致波形220之正
15 T 200948597 224被循環地導引通過第一及第二熔接元 及負部分222、 件ι〇2、1〇4。因為正弦波形220之不同部分222、224(盆 係藉由18〇。相移)被傳導以交替地供電熔接元件ι〇2: 1〇4’故在欲加熱之溶接元件1G2、m周圍沒有短路。因 此,在電接觸熔接元件102、1〇4間無須電絕緣。
更有利的是,與藉由在相交溶接元件間使用絕緣材料 之習知處理形成的熔接(其通常造成在熔接元件相交之 相交處的熔接突出及由於絕緣材料之細化的不平坦)比 較,根據本發明之無絕緣形成的熔接 係大體上更均勻及平坦。另外,因為整體電流在波I: 環之選定部分(例如各半循環)中行進通過各溶接元件 102、104’ &已發現在熔接時間方面沒有明顯增加其 維持實質上與*使用任何電流㈣器之習知脈衝熱溶接 相同。例如,用於沿校;姑_括> 1 , 疼接線之兩方向熔接約1〇〇μπι之聚 丙烯膜之熔接時間係約2秒。 在較佳具體實施例中,—功率因數控制器23g可連接在 電源200及加熱元件1〇2、1〇4間,用於控制傳輸至加熱元 件102、1〇4之電流的功率因數(即電壓大小)。例如功 率因數控制器23G可組態以根據全功率因數(即電流電麼 之1〇〇%) ’或藉由—減少功率因數(即少於電流電壓之 刪)傳導電流。功率因數控制器23〇較佳係組態以將一 預選疋功率因數應用於透過其傳輪的電流。可選定任何 16 200948597 適合及所需功率因數。在一具體實施例中,功率因數控 制器230經組態以傳導電流電壓之約5%至9〇%,較佳係約 10%至80%,及更佳係約15%至6〇%,但可將其他百分比 用於其他具體實施例中。 功率因數控制器230可包含一相位控制器,其能選擇性 地傳導透過其傳導之電流波形部分的一部分。相位控制 器230較佳係組態以傳導透過其傳導之電流波形部分的 ® 一預選定部分。可選定任何適合及所需部分。較佳係, 相位控制器230係一三極體(亦稱為TRIAC,意即用於交 流電之三極體)或在倒轉平行組態中接合在一起的兩矽 控整流器(SCR),但可使用能選擇性地傳導電流波形部分 之一部分的任何其他適合裝置。 較佳係’功率因數控制器230係如第3至4及6至7圖中顯 示在電源200及各熔接元件102、1〇4間連接。功率因數控 ® 制器230可如第4圖中所示直接在電源2〇〇及熔接元件 102、104間連接,或可如第3、6及7圖中所示透過如變壓 器204或開-關式開關208之其他電路元件在其間連接。熟 習此項技術人士將會瞭解如何設計一提供所需電流功率 因數至熔接元件102、104之電路。 在第4及5A至5D圖中顯示之具體實施例中,電源2〇〇可 提供一具有傳統正弦波形220之AC來源電流,且電流導 引器212、214可組態以選擇性地分別傳導來源電流波形 17 200948597 之正及負部分222,224,如以上描述。相位控制器23〇 係設於電源200及電流導引器212、214間以控制傳導至電 流導引器212、214之電流的功率因數/相位。相位控制器 230可組態以傳導全相位中之來源電流,以致來源電流的 電壓係不變。或者,相位控制器230可組態以選擇性地傳 -· 導透過其傳導之電流波形的一部分226,以致此波形部分 ' 226的正及負部分228、230係透過電流導引器212、214 H 傳導至熔接元件102、104。 有利的係,功率因數控制器23〇無須一複雜系統設置及 不造成功率耗散。因此,功率因數控制器23〇以容易及高 功率效率達到所需電壓。功率因數控制器230亦允許藉由 在人點燃中點燃電源來熔接,其中熔接係藉由開啟電 源200—短週期時間來達到。例如,為了熔接聚丙烯片, 例如為了製造習知聚丙烯環式活頁夾,電源係開啟達 ® 少於2秒,更佳係少於1秒。 較佳係,功率因數控制器230係連接至電子調節器 240電子調節器240經組態以調節透過功率因數控制器 3 0傳輸之電流的時點及功率因數。電子調節器“ο藉由 控制功率因數控制器23〇之操作參數來控制熔接時間及 力率因數。電子調節器24〇較佳係一微處理器控制器,其 系月b在0.05秒之段差内,且更佳係在〇 〇1秒之段差内調節 時點。在較佳具體實施例中,電子調節器24〇係設定以在 200948597 約〇_2至6秒(較佳係〇 3至4秒, 且文仫係0.5至2秒,其中 至功率 約1秒之剩餘週期介於脈衝間)之脈衝中提供電流、 因數控制器230。 © Φ 可將其他適合及所需電路組件及裝置包括在根據本發 明的脈衝熱熔接電路内。例如,第6圖中所示之電路具體 實施例額外地包括一變麼器2〇4,其係在冑源彻及:率 因數控制器23〇與開-關式開關鹰間。開關咖可為機械 開··關式開關,如3相機械開-關式開關,或繼電器接點, 如常開式繼電器接點,如3相電路斷路器繼電器。開關2% 可操作地連接至一微處理器控制器,如置於微處理器控 制器内或組態以自微處理器控制器接收電流輸出。開關 206較佳係經控制以在將電流傳輸至功率因數控制器〇 前及後,在各脈衝熱熔接循環期間開啟及關閉。第7圖中 所示電路的具體實施例亦包括開關2〇6,及亦在各功率因 數控制器230及電流導引器212、214間包括開_關式機械 接點開關208,用於進一步控制流至熔接元件丨〇2、i 〇4 之電流。例如,當熔接部件30及壓力部件4〇係可操作地 彼此接合時可開啟開關208及在熔接操作後關閉。 本電炫接處理及裝置可配合任何適合電熔接處理使 用。在一具體實施例中,電熔接係脈衝熱熔接,其中電 能係在脈衝中傳導至熔接元件1〇2、104。本電熔接處理 及裝置亦可用來熔接任何適合類型之工件材料。一適合
❹ 200948597 類型之材料係塑膠,包括熱塑性塑膠。在-具體實施例 中’工件係熱塑性活頁夾封面,如聚丙烯活頁夾封面。 熱塑性活頁夾封面300及一由其製造的完成3環式活頁夾 350之一實例係在第8及9圖中顯示。活頁夾封面300具有 第及第一側面板302、304且一中間面板3〇6在其間。活 頁夾封面材料係沿具有持續延伸垂直及水平熔接縫 312、3 14之其外緣熔接。額外之垂直内部熔接縫η]橫跨 水平熔接縫314橫向延伸。此等熔接縫界定活頁夹封面 300之面板3〇2、3〇4、3〇6及預定彎曲點。為了製造一環 式活頁夾350’ -環式活頁夹部件32〇(如扣環或類似者) 係附接至面板3 0 6。 如本文中使用,術語「約 女姊 .大體上應瞭解指對應數字 及數字之範圍兩者。此外,本文中 个又甲之所有數值範圍應瞭 解係包括範圍内之全部整數。儘瞢 獵官在本文中係揭示本發 明的說明性具體實施例,應瞭解可藉由熟習此項技術人 士設計各種修改及其他具體實施例。例如,用於各種具 體實施例之特徵可用於其他具體眚 賤貫施例中。因此,應理 解隨附申請專利範圍係意欲涵蓋逸 盖進入本發明之精神及範 疇之所有此類修改及具體實施例。 【圖式簡單說明】 20 200948597 本發明將可在參考說明較佳具體實施例之附圖下更加 理解,其令: 第1圓係—根據本發明之具體實施例構造的脈衝熱溶 接器的透視圖; , 第2圖係一熔接部件之其透視圖; 第3圖係根據本發明之一具體實施例配置的熔接電路 之示意圖; φ 第4圖係本發明之另一具體實施例之熔接電路的示意 性電路圖; 第5 A至5D圖係在根據具體實施例之熔接電路中產生 的波形之描述; 第ό至7圖係本發明之其他具體實施例的熔接電路之 - 示意性電路圖; 第8圖係一根據本發明之具體實施例製造的環狀活頁 夾之封面的透視圖;及 φ 第9圖係根據具體實施例製造之3環活頁夾的透視圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 熔接器 20 平台 22 支撐件 30 熔接部件 32 層 21 200948597 寬度 層 長度 孔 孔 壓力部件 第一部分 第二部分 填料 安裝部件 通道 第一熔接元件 第二熔接元件 端部 彈簧 結件 保持部件 保持部件 對準部件 電源 電流線 導管 中性線 變壓器 200948597 206 208 212 214 ' 230 240 300 301 Ο 302 303 304 306 310 312 314 Ο 320 開關 開關 第一電流導引器 第二電流導引器 功率因數控制器 電子調節器 ί哀狀活頁爽 塑膠材料 活頁夾面板 塑膠材料 活頁夾面板 活頁夾面板 加強件 垂直熔接縫/圖案 水平熔接缝/圖案 環式活頁夾部件 3環式活頁夾 350

Claims (1)

  1. 200948597 七、申請專利範圍: 1· 一種用於電熔接兩工件之 之方法,其包含以下步驟: 置放分別與該等工件 堪 咕 第一及第二部分相關聯之 一第一及第二熔接元件,用 之 用於加熱及熔接該等株· 及 1卞, 自一共同電源反相(out t 、 (Phase)供電該等第— 第二熔接元件。 汉 ❹ ❹ 2·如申請專利範圍第丨項所述之方法,其更包含以下步 驟:交替地導引一電流通過該等第一及.第二溶接元件 之各者,用於造成該等第-及第二溶接元件實質上同 時地熔接該等工件。 3·如申請專利範圍第2項所述之方法,其中該等溶接元 件包含加熱元件,且該電流被導引通過其間,用於脈 衝熔接該等工件之第一及第二部分。 、 4·如申請專利範圍第3項所述之方法,其中該等加熱元 件係金屬線或線圈。 5_如申請專利範圍第2項所述之方法,其中: 該等第一及第二熔接元件係電連接;及 該電流係藉由施加一電位差來交替地導引通過該 等第一及第二熔接元件’該電位差係橫跨·· 該第一熔接元件之末端:及 該第二熔接元件的末端。 6·如申請專利範圍第2項所述之方法,其中該等工件係 24 200948597 由一熱塑性材料製成。 7. 如申請專利範圍第6項所述之方法,其中該熱塑性材 料係聚丙烯。 8. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之方法’其更包含以下步 驟: 自該電源提供一具有一波形的來源電流;及 循環地導引該波形之一第一部分通過該第一熔接 元件,及該波形之一第二部分通過該第二溶接元件。 9. 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之方法,其中該來源電流 係一交流電,其中該波形的一正部分被導引通過該第 一熔接元件,及該波形的一負部分被導引通過該第二 * 加熱元件。 10. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之方法,其更包含以下步 驟:在一具有該等熔接元件之電路中提供一電流導引 器’該電流導引器係組態以在該波形之該正部分期間 ⑩ 導引該電流通過該電路的一第一部分以導引該電流通 過該第一熔接元件,及在該波形之該負部分期間導引 該電流通過該電路的一第二部分以導引該電流通過該 第二熔接元件。 - 11 ·如申請專利範圍第10項所述之方法,其中該電流導 引器包含二極體,其係配置以分别導引該等波形部分 的各者通過該等第一及第二熔接元件。 12.如申請專利範圍第1〇項所述之方法,其更包含以下 步驟:控制該波形的一功率因數,該波形係用一在該電 25 200948597 源及該電流導引器間連接之功率因數控制器導引通過 該等熔接元件。 13.如申請專利範圍第12項所述之方涞,其中該功率因 數控制器包含一相位控制器,其經組態用於傳導該等 波形部分的一部分。 14·如申請專利範圍第13項所述之方法,其中: 該第一熔接元件包含複數第一熔接元件;
    該第一 ’溶接元件包含彼此並聯連接之複數第二溶 接元件; 該電流導引器包含一電流導弓丨器,其係與該等第 一及第二溶接元件之各者相關聯;及 該功率因數控制器包含一相位控制器,其係在該 電源及各電流導引器間連接。 15.如申請專利範圍第13項所述之方法,其中該相位控 制器包含:一三極體或在一倒轉並聯組態中接合之兩 矽控整流器》 16.如申請專利範園第2項所述之方法,其中該第一溶接 元件包含:彼此並聯連接之複數熔接元件,及該第二熔 接元件包含:彼此並聯連接的複數第二熔接元件。 17.如申請專利範圍第μ項所述之方法,发 等工件中的 另一者係配 及第二熔接元件之該一者係配置以熔接該 水平線,及該等第一及第二熔接元件的該 置以熔接該等工件中的垂直線。 其中該等工件 18·如申請專利範圍第17項所述之方法, 26 200948597 係熱塑性片,該方法更 ,+. 炅i 3以下步驟:置放複數插入件 在藉由該等工件之辞·望笛__ « ^ . "等第一及第—部分圍繞的該等片 間,以提供一文件夾封面。 其更包含以下 封面以提供一 19·如申請專利範圍第18項所述之方法, 步驟:附接一紙活頁夾機構至該文件爽 活頁爽。 20.一種用於熔接兩工件之電熔接器,其包含:
    第一及第二熔接元件,其經組態以分别與該等工 件之第一及第二部分相關聯,用於加熱及熔接該等工 件; 及 一電源,其係連接至該等第一及第 二熔接元件; —電路,其經組態以從該電源反相傳導一電流至 該等第一及第二熔接元件。
    21.如申請專利範圍第2〇項所述之熔接器其更包含:一 電* U·導引器,該電流導引器係組態以交替地導引一電 流通過該等第一及第二熔接元件之各者,用於造成該 等第一及第二熔接元件實質上同時地熔接該等工件。 22·如申請專利範圍第21項所述之熔接器,其中該等熔 接元件包含·電連接之加熱元件,且該電流導引器係組 態以交替地導引該電流通過該等加熱元件,用於脈衝 溶接該等工件之第一及第二部分。 23·如申請專利範圍第21項所述之熔接器,其中該電源 將一具有一波形之交流電供應至該電路,且該電流導 27 200948597 引器包含:二極體,其係組態以在該波形之該正部分期 間導引該電流通過該電路的一第一部分以導引該電流 通過該第一熔接元件,及在該波形之該負部分期間導 引該電流通過該電路的一第二部分以導引該電流通過 / 該第二熔接元件。 ·- 24.如申請專利範圍第21項所述之熔接器,其更包含:一 功率因數控制器,該功率因數控制器係連接在該電源 0 及該電流導引器間,其中該電源將一具有一波形之交 流電供應至該電路,且該功率因數係级態以控制被導 引通過該等溶接元件之該波形的一功率因數。 * 25.如申請專利範圍第24項所述之熔接器’其中該功率 因數控制器包含:一三極體或在一倒轉並聯組態中接 合之兩矽控整流器,其係組態用以導引該等波形部分 之一部分。 ❹ 28
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KR20110015528A (ko) 2011-02-16
CA2720289A1 (en) 2009-12-03
MX2010010951A (es) 2011-02-22
JP2011516311A (ja) 2011-05-26
AU2009251561A2 (en) 2010-11-04
CN101549556A (zh) 2009-10-07
AU2009251561A1 (en) 2009-12-03
WO2009146095A2 (en) 2009-12-03
US20090250440A1 (en) 2009-10-08
WO2009146095A3 (en) 2010-02-25
TWI378026B (en) 2012-12-01
CN101549556B (zh) 2013-01-02

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