TW200920899A - Method and apparatus for water distribution - Google Patents

Abstract

A water distribution apparatus comprises a water user outlet facility and a water re-circulation loop. The water re-circulation loop comprises a water supply, a water pump for establishing and maintaining a flow of water in the loop, a water delivery path extending from the pump to a water user outlet facility, a water return path extending from the water user outlet facility to the water supply, and a thermal disinfection apparatus disposed in the water delivery path for improving the potability of the water within the loop.

Description

200920899 IX. INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVENTION: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention generally relates to apparatus and methods for dispensing water, and more particularly to apparatus and methods for dispensing water for use in mobile applications. [Prior Art] . Most water distribution systems are DC systems in which water is distributed from a sink to a user outlet facility including cocks, faucets, wash basins, toilets, coffee machines, dishwashers, etc., but only It exists when the user needs it. The water flow path between the water supply system and the user exit facility may include equipment such as screens, filters, water purifiers, or the like, designed to improve the inorganic quality of the water in the sigh. Some water distribution systems may also include a means for recirculating the stored water for the purpose of preventing stagnation by water venting and reducing the sensitivity of the water distribution system to ambient temperature limits. These systems are entitled to be awarded by them on 5th of February, 2nd, 2nd.

Method of Water Distribution and Apparatus Therefor, 'U.S. Patent No. 6, 463, 956, B2, and U.S. Patent No. 6,766,822, issued to <RTIgt; The entire contents of the patents are hereby incorporated by reference. The water distribution system can be improved by including the following design features and equipment. • Minimize the growth of biological material on the wet surface of the system and in the water stored in the system. 'Change the molecular structure of the inorganic contaminant to prevent it from depositing on the surface of the system. Operational reliability on the surface of corrosive systems, or when the system is subjected to component or power failure, passively increasing water transfer to the water user's exit facility.

Although previous improvements to the water distribution system have attempted to improve the delivery methods and drinking water quality that are passed to the user's outlet 3, they generally do not provide protection from the user and the water user's exit facilities (such as water dispensers, faucet nozzles, Drainage screens and their analogues are effective solutions for the contamination of water supply systems or water user export facilities caused by physical contact. The water stored when the water has undergone an extended indwelling time t' in the system may also be contaminated by the growth of water, algae and biofilm on the wet surface inside the system. Thus the contaminated water is passed on to the use. There are also unresolved problems of normal physical contact with contaminated users via the user's and the water user's exit facility or related appliances (such as sinks, faucets, handles, and four-component dispenser tops and the like). Due to the above-mentioned original m, there is a need for a novel apparatus and method for improving the quality of stored water and the quality of the water that can be delivered to the user's outlet facility. New devices and methods for distributing water should prevent deterioration of stored water (including substantially reducing organic and inorganic contamination in the system) and increase the reliability of the delivery of available water systems to all water facilities. New devices and methods for distributing water should also minimize unintentional contamination of the water user's export facilities by the manufacturer and the user's exposure to the surface of the water user's export facility and related equipment. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a facility is provided which includes a effluent water distribution device extending to the water outlet, which includes a water inlet, a water outlet, and a path from the water inlet port. And a water recycling circuit. The water 133283.doc 200920899 recirculation circuit includes a water supply system; a water pump in flow communication with the water supply system to form and maintain a water flow in the circuit; a water transfer path extending from the pump to the water user An outlet facility; a water return path extending from the water user outlet facility to the water supply system; and a heat disinfection device positioned in the water transfer path for improving the potability of the water in the circuit. In one aspect, the heat disinfecting device comprises: a heat exchanger having a heating portion including an air inlet and an air outlet, and a cooling portion including an air inlet and an air outlet; An ambient air source; a first air transfer path from the ambient air source to an inlet of an air compressor that pressurizes and heats the ambient air, the air inlet in the air compressor being the first air transfer path Fluid communication; an air return path starting from a heating portion of the heat exchanger, the air outlet in the heating portion of the heat exchanger being in fluid communication with the air return path; an expansion air turbine positioned to return the air a second air transfer path from the expanded air turbine to a cooling portion of the heat exchanger, the air inlet in the cooling portion of the heat exchanger being in fluid communication with the second air transfer path; An exhaust path begins in a cooling portion of the heat exchanger, and an air outlet in the cooling portion of the heat exchanger is in fluid communication with the exhaust path. In a second aspect, the heat disinfecting apparatus comprises: a heat exchanger having a heating portion including an air inlet and an air outlet, and a cooling portion including an air inlet and an air outlet a hot air source; a first air transfer path from the hot air source to the heating portion of the heat exchanger, the air inlet in the heating portion of the heat exchanger and the first air transfer 133283.doc - 9- 200920899 The path is in fluid communication, - the air return path, starting from the heating portion of the heat exchanger, the air outlet in the heating portion of the heat exchanger being in fluid communication with the air return path; an expanding air turbine, It is positioned in the air return path; a second air transfer path is pinched from the cooling portion of the turbine (four) heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is cooled; = the milk inlet is fluid with the second air transfer path And an exhaust passage $ 'from the cooling portion of the hot money device, the air outlet of the cooling portion 7 of the heat exchanger is in fluid communication with the exhaust passage. In one embodiment, a water distribution device includes a water user outlet facility and a water recirculation circuit. The water recirculation circuit includes a water supply system._7 2: The water supply system is in flow communication for formation in the circuit and: , : 2: - water transfer path ' extends from the pump to the water user outlet 2: : a water return path 'extending from the water user outlet facility to at least one water treatment device for improving the potability of the water in the circuit; and a second water return path prepared for the water supply system In addition, according to the present invention, a water distribution device includes: a facility including a water inlet, a water outlet, and a water outlet path from the outlet of the inlet, And a water recirculation loop = extended to the loop containing - a water supply system; a fruit 'which is in communication with the loop for forming and maintaining a flow of water in the loop; a water flow connection extending from the pump to the water user outlet facility , politics, u仫, the delivery path is connected by water flow. A ', the water inlet and the water pass • • reverse, a water return path, the extension extends to the water supply H ^ exit to set up a water treatment device' Used to change 133283.doc •10· 20 0920899 The water in the circuit is good for drinking. A plug valve is placed in the outlet path, which can be controlled by the water user to rotate the a field. The outlet path releases a part of the water flow from the water transfer path while the 者 exit facility is used to direct the remaining part of the water flow back to the water. path. The water path also contains a pressurized water storage device that is in flow communication with the water outlet path. Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a method of supplying water to a water user outlet facility of _, Π. The water supply method comprises the steps of: introducing a dischargeable water stream into the water and then returning the circuit and heating the water in the circuit to a predetermined temperature and for a predetermined period of time sufficient to degrade the target biomass to improve the water in the circuit. Drinkability. The water recycling circuit _ _ 杲 杲, which is used to form and maintain water flow in the loop; a water transfer path, i ^ /, from the β Hai pump to the water user outlet facility; a water return path, straight Extending from the water user outlet facility to the fruit; and at least one water treatment device for improving drinking in the circuit. According to the present invention, another method of supplying water to a water user outlet includes the steps of: introducing a water discharge into a human water recirculation circuit, the water recirculation circuit including a water pump that forms and maintains a line R, L in the circuit, a water transfer path extending from the pump to the water user outlet facility extending from the water user outlet facility to the water return path of the pump and at least one water treatment device for improving the water in the circuit; and the water transfer path In the middle - part of the water flow leads to the water, back path. In one aspect, a magnet is provided that is in communication with the water stream to prevent mineral precipitation in the water flow path. [Embodiment] For a more complete understanding of the present invention, reference should now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the accompanying drawings and the accompanying claims 133283.doc 200920899. Certain terms used herein are merely a simplistic s ^DQ horse and are not intended to limit the invention. For example, words such as "up", "down" &quot;horizontal&quot;, &quot;vertical&quot;, &quot;up, '11&quot;&quot; only describe the configuration shown in the figure. In fact, these The components can be oriented in any direction and therefore, unless otherwise stated, the terms are intended to be inclusive of the variations. Reference is now made to the drawings 'in all figures in the drawings. The same reference numerals indicate corresponding or similar elements, and the water distribution system of the present invention is shown in W1: one embodiment and is generally indicated at 8. In general, the water distribution system 8 includes a water storage tank U) and a water return branch line 61, The branch line 61 recirculates most of the water flow of the (four) upper (four) poison unit back to the storage tank 1. The water distribution system 8 further includes a pressurized water supply storage tank 7' to provide pressurized water supply when the water distribution (4) is not working. The water flows to the water user outlet facility 4 ϋ. Initially from an external source (not shown), water is filled in via the inlet line u. The amount of water added to the system is controlled by the use of valve 12. The tank 咐 includes the intake air a hole by which air from the surrounding environment is passed ^ A portion of the inlet path (not shown) enters the storage tank and discharges the storage tank to balance the pressure in the storage tank with the star force of the surrounding environment. Self-storage (4) is guided to the drainage via the T-connector 15 The drain line 14 of the tube 16 draws stored water. The line 16 includes a valve 17 that is normally closed to prevent drainage, but can be opened when two slots 1 and system need to be drained. = T-connector 15 is also connected to the transfer line 18, which supplies stored water to the pump 2. In the figure, the pump 20 is schematically depicted as being connected to the power source 81 by a cable 8 。. For mobile applications, the power source 81 can be considered to represent flying,

歹J 133283.doc •12- 200920899 Power system on a car, public π car or RV. The pump 20 discharges the water into the water distribution pipe core. The pipe is first guided to use the particulate matter f, which is also used for the field (4), the water, and the mixed inorganic matter. Stock base|^ 1 Water 4 毋 31, such as a source of light that is irradiated with ultraviolet radiation to kill or neutralize organic contaminants. The water disinfection unit 31 discharges the water into a distribution line 74 which is fed back to the branch line 55 via the τ. connector, which provides a return path for the cleaned and purified water to return to the reservoir U). The water flows from the τ_connector, called conduit 61, to the shut-off valve 62 and then continues to the conduit 63 that is connected to a flow restriction device, such as a bore. The flow restriction device 64 controls the flow of water from the pump 2 to the water disinfection unit. The maximum value specified by the performance limit of 31. The flow of water from the flow control device 64 is advanced via conduit 65 to a connector 66 that is inserted into the water return conduit 24 that is connected to the top of the sump. The return branch 55 allows the water to pass through the water purification. The apparatus then bypasses a portion of the water distribution system 8 and returns to the sump. This feature provides a method of purifying the stored water supply for use in potable use by transferring water to the water user outlet facilities 41, 42, HJI. In transit storage

In the event that the disinfection unit 31 fails before the water, the water distribution system 8 can continue to deliver all of the stored potable quality water to the water user outlet facility 42, 42, 43 . Returning to the Τ-connecting member 60 and the water supply water distribution path, the water that can be transferred to the water user outlet facilities 41, 42, 43 flows through the conduit 75 to the Τ connector of the support accumulator 32. When the system has short-term demand for high volumetric flow, the accumulator provides a limited volume of water supply and thus maintains continuous pressure on the system. The water in the water distribution path then flows via line 21 to the first of the three water user outlets 4l, 42 and 连续 which are continuously interconnected by the pipe section 22, 133283.doc • 13· 200920899 23 . Each outlet facility 4, 42, 43 includes associated plug valves 44, 45, 46 that can be controlled by the water user, and associated check valves (face training (10) va (four) (heck valve) 47, 48, 49. At the same time, another pipe 6 7 is added to provide a flow of water to the p-connector 68 supporting the adapter connected to the pressurized water tank 7 ,, which is not achievable in the basic system. The basic use of the facility (4) provides a limited volume of reserve water supply. The water flows from the storage tank 70 and the T_connecting member 68 through the pipeline 71 to the other-check valve 72, and continues to flow through the pipeline 73 to the downstream water user outlet facility% Adjusting the backstop μ to prevent reverse flow of water at the outlet of the user outlet facility 76 when the pressure in the sink 70 is less than the pressure at the user outlet facility (10). Additional storage capacity may be incorporated into the pressure reservoir 70 and This is to increase the capacity of the total water circulation loop. It should be understood that this feature can also be applied to any 48/49 extension water distribution pipelines from other check-outs. The water return pipeline 24 is from three representative water user outlet facilities. The last of 43 f leads to flow control 5〇, T-connector 66 and then into the water storage tank 10. Another embodiment of the water distribution system of the present invention is illustrated in Figure 2, in which the magnet 95 and the water purifier unit 97 are depicted. More specifically, The spring 2 drains water into the water distribution duct 94 which first leads to the magnet 95. The magnet % can be a permanent magnet or an electromagnetic type magnet. A magnet 95 is added to the water flow path to prevent the water-borne mineral substance from sinking and thereby preventing all Adhesion, adhesion or growth of chemical or mineral deposits (commonly referred to as scale and corrosion) on wet surfaces of water distribution system parts and equipment. 133283.doc -14 - 200920899 Pipe 96 connects magnet 95 to purifier unit 97. Purification The unit 97 can be a thermal disinfection device that uses hot air to neutralize or degrade biological material flowing through the purifier unit like water. However, it should be understood that there are a variety of organisms that are capable of killing, neutralizing or degrading the water stream. The manner of the desired result of the material. The pipe 98 is connected to the purifier unit 97 via a T-connector and the water reservoir 32 as described above. Figure 3 shows a purifier for the present invention in the form of a heat disinfecting device. An embodiment, which uses an ambient air supply to heat the heat transfer configuration of the water flowing in the purifier unit 97. The water flowing in the conduit 96 enters the heating heat because sufficient thermal energy for neutralizing the target biological material must be provided. The exchanger 1〇1, in which the thermal energy is increased to a specified minimum temperature and a minimum minimum residence time in the heating heat exchanger 101. The pressurized air flow by the heat transmitted by the turbo compressor unit 1〇〇 will be required The heat is supplied to the water. Ambient air enters the compressor inlet 1〇4 and is compressed in the compressor 1〇5. The compressor 1〇5 is driven by the energy source 1〇6. This energy source can be a variety of energy supplies, such as electric motors, hydraulic Motors, mechanical power converters and the like. After working on compressed air, the compressed air is now hot and high pressure. Preferably, the temperature is above about 15 Torr because the water temperature of about 150 F is necessary to ensure that most of the biological material is killed, neutralized or degraded. The pipe 1〇8 connects the discharge port of the compressor 105 to the heat exchanger 1〇1 inlet. The hot air from the compressor 105 flows through the heat exchanger 101 by means of an air passage that maintains the separation of the gas stream from the water stream. Conventional heat exchangers are suitable for such applications, including tubular or plate and fin exchangers. When hot pressurized air passes through the heat exchanger 101, the heat exchanger 101 transfers heat received from the compressor 105 to the water via a tube or fin wall in the exchanger. The pressurized air exits the heat exchanger 101 and is discharged into the conduit 109 and then into the inlet of the expanded air turbine 107. The warm pressurized air expands as it passes through the turbine 107 and the potential (pressure) of the air can be converted into dynamic (speed) energy. The kinetic energy thus obtained helps the system generate power, thereby reducing the amount of energy provided by the energy device 106. The energy device 106 extracts thermal (temperature) energy from the turbine 107 such that the gas stream loses potential and thermal energy during expansion, and thus the air experiences a decrease in pressure and temperature. The now cooled air stream flows from the full turbine 107 through the conduit 11 and into the second separate portion of the heat exchanger 102. Flow through this cooling exchanger 1〇2

The gas causes the temperature of the hot water to be cooled to be slightly higher than when the water enters the exchanger! The water has a temperature of 加热 J when heated. The cooling through the heat exchanger 102 is such that the air is discharged through the conduit 111. The water stream exits the cooled portion of the hot parent exchanger 102 via conduit 98 where the biomass has been killed, neutralized or degraded. Another embodiment of a thermal disinfection apparatus for use as the purifier unit 97 of the present invention is shown in FIG. In this heat transfer configuration, pressurized hot air from a compressor of a turbine engine heats the water flowing in the purifier unit 197. The water flowing in the pipe 96 enters the heating heat exchanger 1 which raises the heat energy of the water. This is represented by an increase in temperature, which is preferably 150 F for the reasons explained above. The heat is pressurized by the pipe 124 (not shown: the machine gives this heat to the water. This hot gas flows through the heat exchanger 1〇1 by means of a gas flow and water&quot; The exchangers are commonly used and are generally classified as tubular or plate and fin exchangers. Now warm 133283.doc •16- 200920899 Pressurized air exits heat exchanger 101 into conduit 125 and then enters air turbine I26 In the inlet, the air expands as it flows through the turbine 126.

助 Assisting the device 127 (which may be a generator, a hydraulic pump or a mechanical power converter, each of which extracts energy from the turbine 126) extracting heat (temperature) from the air (month) and potential (mouse), such that the airflow Loss of force and temperature during the expansion process. Therefore, the air experiences a pressure drop and further the temperature is lowered. The cooled gas stream flows from turbine 126 through line 128 and into the second and separate cooling portion of heat exchanger 1〇2. The air flowing through the cooling portion of the heat exchanger 1〇2 causes the temperature of the hot water stream to be cooled to be slightly higher than the temperature at which it enters the heating portion of the exchanger 1〇1. The air flowing through the cooling portion of the exchanger 1〇2 is discharged from the apparatus through the pipe 129. The water flow exits the cooled portion of the heat exchanger via conduit % where the biomass has been killed, neutralized or degraded. As described herein, the water distribution system of the present invention is provided to produce potable quality water that is delivered to a water user outlet facility. In another embodiment, a bioinhibitor or biocide can be incorporated into the surface of all water distribution systems that are in contact with the water of the water user. ^ 生丨丄 Clothes back. The biological inhibitor or biocide may also comprise materials for the manufacture or coating of materials used in the manufacture of surfaces in water distribution systems. Such audible and blushing "searching surfaces include, but are not limited to, sinks, chestnuts, pipes, faucets and faucets that exit the screen or are positioned on the interior surface of the filter in the water distribution system. Preferably, substantially water All internal wet surfaces of the dispensing system and the exposed surface of the water user's exit machine® 5 are bioinhibitors or biocides. Suitable for use in the biological inhibitors and biocides of the present invention, including precious metals and salts. Halogen _ 凶 京 京 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 The disclosed embodiments are not to be construed as a departure from the novel aspects of the present invention. For example, the invention may be limited to such a variety of examples, but the invention may be limited to such The embodiments carry out various modifications, omissions, and additions to teach and advantage, particularly in the teachings above.

Water distribution is used in applications where drinking water is to be delivered to the user. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications, o In the scope of the patent application, the mode plus function (meanS_plus functi〇n) sentence pattern is intended to cover the structure described herein when performing the function, and it not only covers the structural equivalent but also covers the equivalent structure. Therefore, although the nails and screws are not structural equivalents, because the nails use a cylindrical surface to hold the wooden parts together, and the screws use a spiral surface in the case of fastening the wooden parts, the nails and screws can be equivalent. structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a water distribution system of the present invention. 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a water distribution system of the present invention. Figure 3 is a close-up schematic view of an embodiment of a thermal disinfecting device used in the water dispensing system shown in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a close-up schematic view of another embodiment of the heat disinfecting device used in the water dispensing system shown in Figure 2. [Main component symbol description] 8 Water distribution system 10 Water storage tank / storage tank 133283.doc -18- 200920899 11 Inlet line 12 Valve 13 Intake hole 14 Discharge line 15 T-connector 16 Drain pipe/pipe 17 Valve 18 Transfer Pipe 20 Pump/water distribution pump 21 Water distribution pipe/pipe 22 Pipe section 23 Pipe section 24 Water return pipe 30 Water transition 31 Upstream disinfection unit / Typical water disinfection unit / Water disinfection unit 32 Accumulator / reservoir 41 Water user Export facility/export facility 42 Water user exit facility/export facility 43 Water user exit facility/exit facility 44 Associated plug valve 45 Associated plug valve 46 Associated plug valve 47 Associated check valve / First check valve 48 Associated check valve 133283 .doc -19- 200920899

49 Associate check valve 50 Flow control device 55 Return branch 60 T-connector 61 Water return branch/pipe 62 Shutoff valve 63 Campway connected to flow restriction device (such as hole 6 4) 64 hole / flow restriction device 65 pipe 66 Connecting piece 67 Another pipe 68 T-connecting piece 69 Adapter 70 Pressurized water supply tank / pressurized water tank / tank / sink / pressure, 71 Pipe 72 Check valve 73 Pipe 74 Distribution pipe 75 Pipe 76 Downstream water Export facility/user exit facility 80 Cable 81 Power supply 94 Water distribution pipe # 95 Magnet 133283.doc -20- 200920899 96 Pipe 97 Water purifier unit / purifier unit 98 Pipe 100 Turbine compressor unit 101 Heat exchanger / exchanger 102 Heat exchanger/exchanger 104 Compressor inlet 105 Compressor 106 Energy/energy equipment 107 Expansion air turbine/turbine 108 Pipe 110 Pipe 111 Pipe 124 Pipe 125 Pipe 126 Air turbine / Turbine 127 Equipment 128 Pipe 129 Pipe 133283.doc - twenty one -

Claims (1)

200920899 X. Patent Application Range·· 1. A water distribution device comprising: (4) a water user outlet facility comprising a water inlet and a water outlet path extending from the water inlet to the water outlet; b) a water recirculation circuit comprising (1) a water supply system, (II) a water pump that is in flow communication with the water supply system to form and maintain a water flow, (III) a water transfer path extending from the pump to the water user in the interesting road where the water storage tank is positioned The water user is between the D facility and the pump and includes the portion/part of the water return path. 5. The water distribution device of claim 1, wherein the second water return path is from (1V) a first water return path to the water supply system, Ο) at least one water treatment device drinkability, and Vi) - a second water return path, the water transfer path extending. 2. If the water distribution device of the request item is located, the system is located in the water transfer path. 3. As requested in item 1, the water distribution device, slot. 4. The water distribution device of claim 1, extending from the water user outlet facility for improving water in the circuit between the pump and the water supply system, wherein the at least one water treatment device, wherein the water supply system Contains a storage water 133283.doc 200920899 A noisy water treatment device with the waterer's path extends to the water supply system. The water transfer between the export facilities. 6. The water distribution device of the claim item. The water recirculation circuit is self-contained. 7. The water distribution device of claim 6 is transported on the tool, and the water supply system is included in the circuit. The second is the train, bus, boat or recreational vehicle - for the aircraft, ... the water of the project (four) set the second water and then contains biological inhibitors or biocides. • Within the loop Table 10. The water distribution device of the requester, the surface of which contains a biological inhibitor or a biocidal #/ export facility 11 · A water distribution device comprising (4) a water user outlet facility, including a water inlet opening from the water inlet to the outlet of the water outlet; and a (b)-water recirculation circuit comprising (i) a water supply system, (η)-water pump, which is present with the water supply system Forming and maintaining a water flow, the water flow is communicated in the circuit (iii) a water transfer path, the water inlet (iv) - the water return path water supply system, and the pump extends from the pump to the water outlet And the water transfer path is in flow communication from the water user outlet facility to the (v) at least one water treatment device for improving the water content of the circuit 133283.doc 200920899; a plug valve 'which is also in the water outlet path and which is controllable by a water user to discharge a portion of the water flow from the water transfer path via the water outlet path, while the water user outlet facility has one of the water flows The remaining portion is introduced into the water return path; and (d) - a pressurized water storage device that is in flow communication with the water outlet path. 12_ The water distribution device of claim 1, wherein the water supply system comprises a water storage tank. 13. The water dispensing device of claim 12, wherein the water storage tank is positioned between the water user outlet facility and the pump and includes a portion of the water return path. The water distribution device of claim u, wherein the water recirculation circuit is self-contained, such as the water distribution device of the requester 4, wherein the water recirculation circuit comprises a portion of a water supply system carried on the vehicle. 16. The water distribution device of claim 15, wherein the column: a bus, a boat or a recreational vehicle. Having an aircraft, 17. A request for a water distribution device, wherein the water recycling surface comprises a biological inhibitor or a biocide. &amp; A water distribution device of the item 11, wherein the water outlet surface comprises a biological inhibitor or a biocide. 1 9· A water distribution device comprising: a water outlet and a: &amp; water user outlet facility comprising a water inlet, a water outlet path extending from the water inlet to the water outlet 133283.doc 200920899 (b) a water recirculation circuit comprising (1) a water supply system, (n) fruit 'which is in flow communication with the water supply system to form and maintain a water flow in the circuit, (111) a water transfer path 'from The pump extends to the water user outlet facility, (iv) a water return path extending from the water user outlet facility to the water supply system, and (V) at least one water treatment facility comprising a means for reducing the water A scale and decaying magnet on the wet surface of the dispensing device. 20. The water dispensing device of claim 19, wherein the water supply system comprises a water storage tank. 21. The water dispensing device of claim 20, wherein the water storage tank is positioned between the water user outlet facility and the pump and includes a portion of the water return path. 22. The water distribution device of claim 19, wherein the water recirculation circuit is self-contained. The method of water supply according to claim 19, wherein the at least one water treatment device comprises a magnet 'and further comprising the step of exposing the water stream to a magnetic field for reducing scale and corrosion on the wet surface of the water distribution device . 24. The water dispensing device of claim 19, wherein the water recirculation loop comprises a portion of a water supply system carried on the vehicle. 25. The water distribution device of claim 24, wherein the plant is an aircraft, train, bus, boat or recreational vehicle. 133283.doc 200920899 In-Circuit Table Outside the Export Facility 26. The water distribution device of claim 19, wherein the water further comprises a biological inhibitor or biocide. 27. The water dispensing device of claim 19, wherein the water user surface comprises a biological inhibitor or biocide. 28. A method of supplying water to a water user outlet facility, the water supply method comprising: (a) introducing a dischargeable water stream into a water recirculation circuit, the circuit comprising (i) a water pump for forming and maintaining the water flow in the circuit, a water transfer path extending from the pump to the water user outlet facility. (iii) a water return path extending from the water user outlet facility to the pump, and (iv) at least one water treatment device for improving the potability of the water in the circuit; and (b) The water in the water transfer path is heated to a predetermined temperature for a predetermined period of time sufficient to degrade the target biomass to improve the potability of the water in the circuit. 29. The method of water supply of claim 28, wherein the step of introducing a dischargeable water stream into the water recirculation loop comprises providing from an external water source - the water stream can be discharged. The water supply method of claim 28, wherein the water return path comprises a water storage tank. 3. The method of water supply of claim 28, wherein the predetermined temperature is at least about 150 。. 133283.doc 200920899 Thermal Disinfection Heat Exchanger 32. The water distribution device of claim 19, further comprising: () a compressor that supplies pressurized and heated air to the hot gas inlet and the hot gas outlet (b) an ambient air source; the hot parent converter 'has one includes an air inlet and - a hot portion T, and a cooling portion including an air inlet and an air outlet (d) - An air transfer path from the source of the hot air to the second portion of the heating portion of the heat exchanger. The: the air passage of the first air passage is fluidly connected; e) an expanded air turbine positioned to return the air (f) - ^ only in the middle; the second air transfer path from the cooling portion of the expanded air turbine exchanger, the cold to hot of the heat exchanger And the (4)-exhaust path starts from the cooling portion of the heat exchanger, and the cooling portion of the heat exchanger is in the cooling portion of the heat exchanger. The gas output σ is connected to the exhaust path through. 33. The water dispensing device of claim 19, further comprising a thermal disinfecting device comprising: (a) a heat exchanger having a heating portion including an air inlet and an air outlet, and a a cooling portion of the air inlet and an air outlet; (b) a source of hot air; (c) a first air transfer path 'from the hot air source to the heating portion of the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger The air inlet 133283.doc 200920899 /, the first air transmission path in the heating portion is in fluid communication; (4) the working gas returning the road handle, starting from the heating portion of the heat exchanger, : &lt;, And the air outlet in the heating portion of the converter is in fluid communication with the air return path; (e) an expanding air turbine positioned in the air return path; (1) a second air transmission path from the Expanding the air turbine to the cooling portion of the heat exchanger, the inlet port of the cooling portion of the heat exchanger being in fluid communication with the second air transfer path; and (g) the exhaust path starting from The cooling portion of the heat exchanger , The outlet of which communicates with the exhaust passage in fluid cooling section of the heat exchanger of the person. 34. The water dispensing device of claim 33, wherein a source of hot air comprises an engine compressor for pumping. 35. The water dispensing device of claim 32, further comprising an energy absorbing device operatively coupled to the expanded air turbine to power the energy absorbing device. 36. The water dispensing device of claim 35, wherein the energy absorbing device is selected from the group consisting of a generator, a hydraulic motor, a pump, a mechanical power converter, or a combination thereof. 133283.doc