TW200843833A - Methods and apparatus for distillation - Google Patents

Abstract

In one embodiment, a method includes moving a first volume of fluid from a region above a heat-transfer element to a region below the heat-transfer element after the first volume of fluid is boiled from a second volume of fluid within the region above the heat-transfer element. The first volume of fluid including an impurity concentration lower than an impurity concentration of the second volume of fluid. The region below the heat-transfer element has a temperature higher than a temperature of the region above the heat-transfer element. The method also includes transferring latent heat from the first volume of fluid to a third volume of fluid on a top surface of the heat transfer element. The latent heat is released when the first volume of fluid condenses.

Description

200843833 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] and the specific method - 疋3, the method of systemic distillation and the embodiment of the invention are generally related to steaming, for use in a wide range of temperatures and There are devices under pressure. [Prior Art]

Many known devices and methods have been used to self-fluid (or separate) fluids. For example, a known desiccator can be used to produce fresh water with a lower salinity for irrigation or drinking purposes. However, known distillation apparatus and methods are generally complex, operate at high and/or inter-temperature temperatures, and require a large amount of power due to inefficiency. Accordingly, a need exists for a distillation apparatus and method that can be enabled to operate at a wide range of temperatures and/or pressures. > SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In an embodiment, the method comprises: after the fluid of the first volume is distilled from the second volume of fluid in a region above the thermal transfer element, the first The volume of fluid moves from a region above the thermal transfer element to a region below the force transfer element. The fluid of the first volume comprises - an impurity concentration below the impurity concentration of the fluid of the second volume. The region of t below the heat-clearing element has a temperature that is higher than the temperature of one of the regions above the thermal transfer element. The method also includes transferring latent heat from the first volume of fluid to a third volume of fluid on a top surface of the heat transfer element. The latent heat is released when the first volume of fluid is condensed. 126586.doc 200843833 In another embodiment, a device includes a housing having at least one inlet and one outlet. The housing is configured to receive a volume of fluid through the inlet. The volume of fluid is '"""<> The device also includes a thermal transfer element that is coupled to the interior volume of one of the housings. The heat transfer element includes a surface at least a portion disposed at an angle to a horizontal plane. The volume of fluid includes a surface that is parallel to the horizontal plane. The apparatus further includes a compression assembly configured to compress at least a portion of the fluid distilled from the volume of fluid. In a consistent embodiment, a method includes receiving a signal from a sensor disposed within a housing. The housing includes a digester portion and a condenser portion. At least a portion of the digester portion and at least a portion of the condenser portion are defined by a thermal transfer element coupled to an interior portion of the outer casing. The method also includes responding to the signal to modify an angle of the thermal transfer element relative to a horizontal plane such that a heat transfer rate associated with the heat transfer element or a flow rate of a fluid that changes phase within the outer casing At least one of them was modified. [Embodiment] Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a distillation system 1 根据 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the distillation system may also be referred to as distillation. The steaming system 100 is configured to reuse energy to effectively separate the material from the mixture of two or more substances. In particular, the energy released during the separation process and/or added to the system is used continuously to facilitate further separation in a cyclic manner. In some embodiments, the distillation system can be 126586.doc 200843833 is a high efficiency distillation system that can have different temperatures (eg, at low temperatures or at r § 7 temperatures) and/or at different pressures (eg, at low pressures) Different parts of the operation under or under high pressure. The distillation system 1 includes a heat transfer element 120, a compression assembly 140, and two chambers, a chamber 110 and a chamber 130. The assembly of the distillation system is configured to operate in a coordinated manner and to exchange the substance with the mixture by a phase change of a substance as it is partially circulated through the distillation system 100 as part of a mixture of two or more substances Separation. For example, the substance can be separated from the mixture by a first phase change within the chamber 1 . The first phase change can be induced (e.g., caused) by energy released in the chamber 13A due to a second phase change and transferred from the chamber 13A to the chamber 110 via the thermal transfer element 12A. When at least some portion of the mixture is recycled through the distillation system 100, energy can be added to the portions by the compression assembly 140. In some embodiments, the 'first phase change can be opposite to the second phase change. For example, σ, the first phase change may be a phase change from a liquid state to a gas state, and the first phase change may be a phase change from a gas state to a liquid state, and the first phase change may be: a phase change from a broad to a liquid state, And the second phase change may be a change from a liquid state. Thus, the first phase change may be a need for, for example, vaporization (eg, *required/consumption of energy) phase transitions, while a second phase change transition: exothermic (eg, 'release energy') of the latent heat of condensation (eg, condensation) ::;: 2°° can be configured to operate under a wide range of temperatures and dust forces: 'Look at each of the chamber 110 and the chamber 130 of the system 100, 'sorrow It is operated substantially below the temperature and/or pressure of the temperature and/or pressure of the normal point of the substance in the mixture 126586.doc 200843833. In some embodiments, chamber 110 and chamber 13A can be configured to be at or above and above the temperature and/or pressure associated with the normal boiling point of the substance within the mixture. / or operate at the temperature and / or pressure of the pressure. In some embodiments, chamber 11() and chamber 13G can be configured to operate at temperatures and/or pressures separated by a specified interval. Γ

As shown in Figure 1, the chamber 110 can be configured to receive a mixture of - volume via the inlet m, the volume of the mixture being a fluid and having an impurity concentration. The impurity can be, for example, one or more elements, compounds, substances or materials that are included (e.g., 'ionized, suspended in) the volume of fluid in any phase (e.g., solid, liquid, gas). The portion of the fluid can be phased from the volume of fluid in the chamber and moved into the compression assembly H0. The gaseous portion of the fluid can be canned by the compression group (4) and moved into the chamber 130 'in the chamber 130. As the gaseous portion of the fluid condenses at the thermal transfer element 12, the gaseous portion of the fluid can release heat 185. Heat 185 released from the condensing portion of the fluid to further induce a volume of fluid introduced into the chamber 110 via the inlet 112 (eg, after cooking in the gaseous portion of the fluid in the chamber 110) Cooking. This portion of the fluid that is cooked from the volume of fluid can be referred to as a take-up and can have a phase (d) low mis-f concentration relative to the volume of fluid. In other words, the portion of the fluid that is cooked from the volume of fluid can be a substantially purified fluid' which has a relatively low impurity content compared to the original mixture. In some embodiments' because the portion of the fluid is cooked from the volume of the fluid and has a relatively low impurity concentration, the impurity concentration of the original volume stream 126586.doc -10- 200843833 will increase. In some embodiments, the purified fluid can be the desired product (e.g., the target product) from the steamer system. The volume of fluid having a higher impurity concentration can be referred to as a by-product and can be removed from the chamber 11 through the outlet port 4 . In some embodiments, the by-product may also be the desired crane or target crane. Once the distillation system 100 reaches steady state operating conditions, a continuous volume heat transfer that occurs via a change in the phase in the chamber 110 and the opposite phase changing chamber 130 can be used to efficiently produce a larger volume of distillate, The energy required to effect a phase change to obtain a distillate from a volume of fluid is generally provided by a change in the opposite phase. The energy required to operate in a continuous mode can be substantially equal to the energy necessary to operate the compression assembly 14〇. In some embodiments, the retort system 1 〇〇 can include a control system (not shown) configured to handle flow and/or flow of one or more fluids, for example, within a 瘵 system Thermal transfer associated signals. More details regarding the control system within the distillation system 100 will be discussed in conjunction with Figures n and 12. Although the distillation system shown in Figure 1 can be used to separate various materials from various mixtures in various applications (e.g., wastewater treatment) (e.g., methanol and methanol) "...do not separate, gasoline and gasoline _ The water mixture separates and separates the water from the juice-water mixture. However, the following disclosure in connection with embodiments of the present invention will focus on the separation of water from the liquid salt/water compound (NaCl-H2)/from the liquid salt. - Water compound distilled water as a representative example. In some embodiments, the salt can be dissolved in water, for example, in an ionized state. 2 is a schematic illustration of a distillation system 200 configured to separate water from salt-water 126586.doc -11 - 200843833, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In some embodiments, the salt-water may have other impurities included in (eg, dissolved in, suspended in) the salt-water, such as a calcium-based compound (eg, calcium carbonate (CaCl)), a zirconium-based compound And / or based on magnesium compounds. Many of the imaginary lines, such as imaginary line 232, exhibit movement of fluid associated with distillation system 200. As shown in Figure 2, distillation system 200 has a housing 204 having a digester portion 206 and a condenser portion 208. The influent salt, stream 273, can be moved into a volume of salt-water 272 in the digester portion 206 of the outer casing 204 via, for example, a pump (not shown) via inlet 282. When the volume of salt-water 272 is located above the heat transfer element 220 in the digester section 206, heat is transferred to the salt-water 272 via the heat transfer element 220 such that fresh water vapor can be cooked from the salt-water 272 and It is moved into compression component 240 (232). The fresh water vapor may be drawn into (eg, drawn into) the compression assembly 240 by the compression assembly 240. The fresh water vapor is compressed by the compression assembly 240 such that the temperature and/or pressure of the fresh water vapor at the outlet 244 of the compression assembly 240 is higher than the compression assembly 240. The temperature and/or pressure of the fresh water vapor at inlet 242. As the fresh water vapor moves through the compression assembly 240, the mechanical energy of the compression assembly 240 increases the temperature and/or pressure of the fresh water vapor. In some embodiments, when the fresh water vapor is compressed by the compression assembly 240, the volume of fresh water vapor is reduced by up to two-thirds of the compressed fresh water vapor moved into the condenser portion 208 of the outer casing 204 (234), and the contact heat The bottom surface of the transfer element 220 is such that the compressed fresh water vapor can condense and fall into the integral 126586.doc -12- 200843833 fresh water 270 (236) in the fresh water collection portion 209 of the outer casing 204. The fresh water collection section 2〇9 may also be referred to as a fresh water reservoir, a fresh water container or a fresh water storage tank. The fresh water 270 can be removed from the outer casing 2〇4 in the flow of fresh water 275 from the outlet 284 by, for example, a pump (not shown). As the fresh water vapor is distilled from the salt water 272, the concentration of the salt in the salt_water 272 increases until the salt-water 272 becomes the brine 274. In some embodiments, the brine 274 can be water that is saturated with salt or nearly saturated with salt. The brine 274 can be removed from the outer casing as an effluent brine stream 277 via, for example, a pump (not shown) via an outlet 286. In some embodiments, the effluent brine stream 277 can be removed by gravity. In some embodiments, the brine 274 can contain, for example, about 25% salt by weight. In some embodiments, the brine 274 can be used as a product for medical purposes, for cooking purposes, in an oil extraction process (not shown), in a heat exchange process (not shown), and/or as a chemical process (not The reactants in the illustration) are for sale. Although the water distilled from the salt-water 272 and the water condensed at the heat transfer member 22 are referred to as fresh water vapor and fresh water, respectively, fresh water vapor and fresh water may include some impurities. However, the concentration of impurities (e.g., based on molar concentration, concentration based on weight) can be significantly lower than the concentration of impurities in the salt-water 272. In other words, the salinity of fresh water can be lower than the salinity of salt-water 272. In other words, fresh water vapor and/or fresh water may have a salt concentration that is lower than the salt concentration of salt-water 272 prior to cooking fresh water vapor from salt water 272. The fresh water vapor can be distilled from the salt-water 272 above the heat transfer element 22 from the latent heat released by the condensation of the compressed steam from the compression assembly 240. In other words, the energy/heat required to cause the liquid water in the salt-water 272 to endotherm and turn into fresh water vapor can be substantially converted into liquid water by the vaporization exotherm of the gaseous pressure 126586.doc -13 - 200843833 Energy/heat generated by (eg, condensed fresh water 270) is provided. In some embodiments, the rate at which fluid (eg, salt-water, steam, etc.) flows to the outer casing 204, out of the outer casing 204, and/or flows within the outer casing 204 can be defined such that fresh water vapor is almost entirely due to compression The heat generated by the condensation of the compressed vapor (shown by line 234) of assembly 240 is cooked. As shown in Figure 2, the thermal transfer element 220 has an inclined surface with respect to the horizontal plane 226. In some embodiments, the angle 224 of the thermal transfer element 220 with respect to the horizontal plane 226 can be a fraction of a number (e.g., 1 degree, 15 degrees, 45 degrees) or even a degree. The bevel of the thermal transfer element 220 is designed to facilitate the cooking of fresh water vapor from the salt-water 272 by transfer of heat of application via the thermal transfer element 220 to the shallower depth 222 of the salt-water 272. In this embodiment, the surface of salt-water 272 intersects heat transfer element 220 at zero depth point 228. In some embodiments, the depth 222 of the brine 272 can be between one fraction (e.g., 0.1 inch) and several inches (e.g., 2.2 inches, 5 inches). The higher percentage of heat transferred via heat transfer element 220 can be used directly to cause cooking because the depth 222 of salt-water 272 over all or a portion of heat transfer element 220 is shallow. In other words, the shallower depth 222 promotes efficient heat transfer. In particular, when a new cooler influent salt-water 273 flows into the volume of salt-water 272 in the digester portion 206 of the outer casing 204 via the inlet 282, the effect of heat will not be transferred to the The inflow of salt-water 273 was significantly offset. Also, when the depth 222 of the salt-water 272 is shallow, cooking in the digester portion 206 of the outer casing 204 will not be significantly inhibited by the static pressure associated with the depth 222 of the salt-water 272. 126586.doc -14- 200843833

The k heat transfer 70 member 220 can be constructed from a material that facilitates efficient transfer from the condenser portion of the shell to the vaporizer portion 2〇6, specifically the 'thermal transfer element 22. The material may be selected such that the thermal conductivity of the member 220 is relatively high and will not cause undesirable: loss. For example, the thermal transfer element 22 may be a pure metal and/or alloy (which may include Constructed such as copper, silver, gold, and/or materials. And the 'thermal transfer element 220 can be relatively thin so that the heat transfer element 22 will promote the desired degree of efficient heat transfer. In an example, for example, the thermal transfer element can be a fraction of one inch (eg, 1/8 inch, 1/32 inch). In some embodiments, the thermal transfer element 220 can be or can include an aggregation based The material of the material. In the embodiment, the heat transfer element 22 is disposed entirely within the outer casing 2〇4 and at least a portion of the digester portion 2〇6 of the retort system 200 and at least a portion of the condenser portion 208>. By way of example, the top surface of the thermal transfer element 22 is bounded by the bottom boundary of the digester portion 206, and the bottom surface of the thermal transfer element 22 defines the top boundary of the condenser portion 2 〇 8. In some examples, heat The shape of the transfer element 220 can be modified to make the heat of the stone The compressed fresh water vapor of the bottom surface of the shifting element 220 will be directed to a particular location on the thermal transfer element 220. In some embodiments, the thermal transfer element 220 can be different on different portions of the thermal transfer element 22( For example, the thickness and/or shape is such that different portions will have different heat transfer characteristics. The heat transfer characteristics may be based on temperature and/or pressure gradients within the digester portion 2〇6 and/or the condenser portion 208. Variations. Heat transfer elements of various shapes and types are discussed in conjunction with subsequent figures. 126586.doc -15 - 200843833 In some embodiments, distillation system 200 can have a dispensing assembly (not shown) to facilitate the coming from compression assembly 240. The compressed vapor is distributed on the bottom surface of the heat-transfer element 220 (shown by line 234). For example, the dispensing assembly can be configured to cause the compressed vapor to follow the bottom surface of the thermal transfer element 22 While being substantially evenly distributed or dispensed in a particular pattern on the thermal transfer element 22A. In some embodiments, the dispensing assembly can be configured to be based on the digester portion 206 and/or the condenser. Points within the specified pressure gradient 2〇8 and / or the temperature

The compressed vapor is distributed over the bottom surface of the thermal transfer element 22 and/or the compressed vapor is distributed over the bottom surface of the thermal transfer element 22 to the digester portion 206 and/or the condenser portion 2 A specified pressure gradient and/or temperature gradient is formed within the crucible 8. - In some embodiments, the § & components can be configured to force compressed vapor to impinge on the bottom surface of the thermal transfer element 220 to promote condensation. For example, the compressed vapor can be forced to reach the bottom surface of the thermal transfer element 220 to remove the condensed material (e.g., the condensed fresh water) from the bottom surface of the thermal transfer 7L member 220. More details regarding the assignment of components are discussed in conjunction with Figures 6-8 and 6D. The components of the distillation system 200 can be constructed from a variety of materials such as, for example, metal, rubber, and/or polymer based materials, acrylic polymers, polyethylene, glass, and sigma. For example, the distillation system 200 may be constructed of a plastic material such as Teflon α #次聚乙乙, and the pipeline of the distillation system 200 may be helmeted | ) material. As shown in Figure 2, the fresh water stream 275 from the effluent brine stream 277 from the outlet 286 and the inflow 蹿 1 water generator 273 are configured to exchange heat in the heat exchanger 260 126586.doc -16 - 200843833 . The heat exchanger 260 is configured to preheat the influent salt/water stream 273 by exchanging heat from the effluent brine stream 277 and the effluent fresh water stream 275 with the incoming salt-water stream 273. By transferring heat to the salt-water stream 273 before the incoming salt-water stream 273 enters the digester portion 206, the temperature of the influent salt-water stream 273 can be at or substantially close to the water in the digester portion 206 of the distillation system 200. The boiling point under operating pressure. Therefore, only a relatively small amount of heat (e.g., latent heat of condensation) is required to cause the salt-water to boil. The small amount of heat can be added to the compressed steam by compression assembly 240, which ultimately releases heat into the salt-water 272 as it condenses at the heat transfer element 220 to cause it to boil. This situation is logically followed by the energy used by the compression assembly 240 when the incoming salt-water stream 273 (which is fed into the salt-water 272) approaches the desired boiling point (e.g., the desired temperature and/or pressure for boiling). cut back. In some embodiments, heat exchanger 260 can be configured to preheat the influent salt/water stream 273 using energy from the exterior of distillation system 200. For example, heat exchanger 260 can be configured to use solar energy (not shown) or energy from separate processing (not shown) output (eg, waste stream, low level waste heat) in the digester portion of outer casing 204. The incoming salt-water stream 273 is preheated to the desired temperature at a specified operating pressure of 206. In some embodiments, heat exchanger 260 can be, for example, a shell and tube heat exchanger, a plate heat exchanger, and/or a regenerative heat exchanger. In some embodiments, one or more of the components of distillation system 200, in addition to or in lieu of heat exchanger 260, can be configured to use energy captured in the environment surrounding self-distillation system 200. For example, one or one associated with the operation of distillation system 200 may be utilized by 126586.doc 17 200843833 by wind, solar energy, and/or energy from an output (eg, waste stream) from a separate process (not shown). Power is provided by a pump (not shown), a control unit (not shown), and/or a sensor (not shown). One or more of the components of the distillation system 2 can be powered by energy storage, such as a battery pack and/or a fuel cell. Distillation system 200 can be configured to produce fresh water from solitary water 272 over a wide range of temperatures and pressures. In this embodiment, one of the distillation systems 2 (9) or the kiln 7 (eg, the digester portion 206, the condenser portion 2 〇 8) may be grouped to be substantially lower than the normal point of view with water. Operating at a temperature and/or pressure of the dish and/or pressure. For example, the digester section can be operated via, and also at, a specified pressure substantially below a standard atmospheric pressure (e.g., helium atmosphere). In some embodiments, one or more portions of the distillation system 2 (eg, digester portion 206, condenser portion 2〇8) can be configured to be substantially at or return to the normal boiling point of water. Operating at temperatures and/or pressures of temperature and/or pressure. The distillation system 200 can be configured to operate the digester section 2〇6 and the condenser section 208 at temperatures separated by a specified interval and/or under dust forces spaced apart at specified intervals. By way of example, the digester section and condenser section 208 can be configured to operate at temperatures separated by a few degrees (e.g., several degrees Fahrenheit (f), number of hunger (K)). In the case of some solids and condensers, it can be configured to be separated by a fraction of the force of (units, millimeters of mercury (mmHg) per square inch of material. operating. Energy that causes a pressure differential and/or temperature difference between 126586.doc -18-200843833 between digester portion 206 and condenser portion 2〇8 can be provided by mechanical energy from compression assembly 24〇. Figure 3 illustrates a steam saturation table that can be used to determine at least a portion of the operating point of the steaming system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The operating point can be defined by, for example, a combination of operating pressure, operating temperature, operating humidity, and the like. The distillation system can be, for example, the vaporization system 200 shown in Figure 2. The respective operating points of the digester section 2〇6 and the condenser section 2〇8 can be selected by: 〇) using the saturation table shown in FIG. 3 to select the operating point of the digester section 206; 2) Calculate the condenser section 2〇8 operating point based on the digester section 2〇6 operating point. The operating point of the condenser portion 2〇8 can be calculated from the operating point of the digester portion 206 based on several factors (e.g., including the heat transfer characteristics of the heat transfer element " and the change in vaporization heat due to impurities). For the 0.5 psia and 78T operating points (shown at 3〇6), 1096.4 British thermal units (BTU) are required to cause one pound (lb) of liquid water to occur at the digester section 2〇6. If the heat transfer efficiency of the heat transfer element 22 is 99.91%, and the impurities in the salt water 272 increase the heat of vaporization by 0.14%, the condenser side of the heat transfer element 22 is required to cause vaporization. The heat is 1098.9 BTU/lb. Based on the saturation table, the operating point at the condenser section 2〇8 should be 〇·6 psia and 85卞 (shown at 3〇8) to meet this thermal requirement. Condenser section 206 Operating at a slightly higher steady state temperature and pressure such that heat generated by condensation in the condensation portion 208 will be transferred to the digester portion 2〇6 via the heat transfer element 220. In some embodiments, the heat is reduced The thickness of the transfer element 220 increases the efficiency of the thermal transfer element 22 Referring back to Fig. 2, in some embodiments, the temperature of the operating point of the digester portion 206 and the condenser portion 208 can be substantially generated by the compression assembly 126586.doc • 19- 200843833 Poor and/or pressure differential. In other words, Energy is added to the fluid (e.g., fresh water vapor) that is moved from the digester portion 206 to the condenser portion 208 to maintain different conditions at the operating point. In some embodiments, the digester portion 206 of the distillation system 2 may be at a high temperature. And/or operating at high pressure, and the condensing portion of the steaming crane system 2 may operate at low temperature and/or low pressure; and the digester portion 206 of the steaming crane system 200 may be at low temperature and/or low pressure. Operation, and the condenser portion 208 of the distillation system 200 may operate at high temperatures and/or high pressures. If the digester portion 206 is configured to operate at a low pressure substantially below the standard atmospheric pressure, the low pressure may be borrowed Maintained/produced by the weight of the influent salt-water stream 273. Although not shown in Figure 2, the distillation system 2〇〇 can be configured such that the influent salt-water 273 is a salt having a weight inflow - Water column Column), which is suspended below the digester section 206 by the pressure in the digester section 2〇6. Further, the height of the water column flowing into the salt_water stream 273 can be defined to form within the digester section 2〇6 The low pressure is specified. Other streams of the distillation unit 200, such as the effluent brine 277 stream, can be configured in a similar manner to assist in maintaining/defining the low pressure within the digester portion 206. The weight of the effluent fresh water 275 can be used to maintain/define the condenser portion 2 The specified pressure in 〇 8. In some embodiments, distillation system 200 can be operated at a specified temperature and/or pressure to substantially prevent certain undesirable side effects. In some embodiments, distillation system 200 can be configured to operate at a specified temperature and/or at a specified pressure to prevent precipitation and/or/combination of different compounds (eg, magnesium-based compounds) by way of example. System 2〇〇 can be configured to operate at less than 1 degree 185 T such that impurities that may be present in the salt-water π] (such as the base 126586.doc -20-200843833 compound) will not precipitate. In some embodiments, for example, the g' digester portion 206 can be configured to be at a temperature above a specified temperature such that certain impurities (e.g., microorganisms, bacteria) will be destroyed. In the case where the treatment system 200 is operated at a high temperature, the insulation of the system 2 〇〇 and (10), for example, can be reduced by operating at a low temperature of the rut. In some embodiments, fresh water vapor at the bottom surface of the heat transfer element 220, " is assisted to maintain a low (four) condition at, for example, the condenser portion 2 (10) of the steamer system. In other words, as the compressed vapor condenses, the contraction of a large amount of compressed steam into a liquid creates a negative pressure environment that reduces the pressure of the condenser portion 208 of the distillation system 200. In some embodiments, the pressure 1 within the digester portion of the outer shell 2〇4 is reduced as the effluent brine stream 277 is drawn out of the shell portion 2〇6 of the shell. In some embodiments, the flow rate of the brine stream 277 can be adjusted to assist in maintaining a low pressure operating loop within the digester portion 206 of the outer casing 204. In some embodiments, the distillation system 200 can be continuous after the startup sequence: Operation. In some embodiments, what is needed during steady state is generally the energy required to operate the compression assembly 24〇. Use the diagram " to discuss more details related to the startup sequence. . In some embodiments, the compression assembly 24A may have a pressure differential versus grip rate characteristic such as a single change in pressure differential versus flow rate characteristics as shown in FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a characterization curve 42A associated with a dust mitigation line in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, Hu Yong, the pressure difference (Δρ) of the component (shown on the y-axis) increases with the flow rate through the compression component 126586.doc -21 - 200843833 (shown on the x-axis) Monotonously reduced. The pressure differential is compression and the pressure difference between the outlet of the piece and the inlet of the compression assembly. The one-shoulder modification of the compression assembly is specifically intended to promote the stability of the wire system (e.g., the steaming system 100 shown in Figure i), especially when the steaming system is operating at low temperatures and/or low pressures. . In some cases, when the pressure outside the steaming system will be (for example) out of the way, the pressure difference does not have a monotonous change. (4) The speed (four), the compression component may be unstable. The flow rate is between the vibrations. (The oscillation of type (4) may result in the distillation system being unable to produce distillate or producing an undesirable distillate because continuous phase change energy cannot be obtained due to inconsistent flow. In some embodiments, compression assembly 240 may include One or more compressors (eg, staged compressors) and/or one or more valve control assemblies (not shown). The compression assemblies 240 can be, for example, centrifugal compressors, hydraulic compressors, diagonals, or hybrids. Flow compressors, axial compressors, reciprocating compressors, rotary screw compressors, scroll compressors, petal compressors (eg, roots blowers), and/or diaphragm compressors. In some embodiments The compression assembly 24A can include a system of coordinated valves, such as the system of the 'coordinated valve' shown in FIG. 8 and described in connection with FIG. 8. In some embodiments, the compression assembly 240 can be disposed in the distillation system 2 Within the outer casing 204. In some embodiments, by placing the compression assembly 24(R) within the outer casing 204, problems associated with, for example, smaller leaks within the compression assembly 24(R) can be mitigated or completely avoided. For example, the compression assembly 24A can include a hydraulic motor disposed within the outer casing 204. In some embodiments, the heat generated by the mechanical portion of the assembly 126586.doc -22-200843833: component 240 can be transferred to the salt-water m is further cooked at a portion 2 () 6 of the outer portion 204. In some embodiments, the motor disposed outside the outer casing 204 may be magnetically (four) connected to the _ (or plurality) disposed within the outer casing 204. And a spiral lift or fan blade configured to compress fresh water vapor.

C In some embodiments, the compression assembly 24A can be disposed below the thermal transfer element 22 or the double 204. In some embodiments, the distillation system (4) may have: a plurality of inflowing streams having a flow of each type of inflow (eg, a plurality of inflowing salt_water streams), having an outflow of each type Multiple outflows of the stream (eg, multiple outflowing brine streams), multiple digester and/or condenser sections, and/or multiple heat transfer elements. In some embodiments, the retorting system 200 can have multiple stages. For example, the effluent stream from the first distillation system can be the influent stream on the second distillation system. ..., in some embodiments, the distillation system 200 can have a degassing system (not shown) configured to degas, for example, the inflowing salt-water stream 273 such that when self-salt-water When the gas is released, the cooking above the thermal transfer element 220 will not be undesirably interrupted. In some embodiments, the degassing system can be configured to degas the influent salt-water 273 before the salt-water is received at the heat exchanger 260. In some embodiments, the degassing system can be configured to degas the incoming salt-water 273 after the heat exchanger 260. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the degassing system can be disposed within the outer casing 2〇4. In some embodiments, the vaporizing system 200 can include, for example, a sonic transducer (not shown) that is configured to facilitate cooking over the thermal transfer element 22A. In some embodiments, the sonic converter can be a supersonic 126586.doc • 23- 200843833 converter. The sonic transducer can enhance the salt-water cleavage (the state changes to the vapor state. In some embodiments, the salt can be applied to the salt TM. In some embodiments, for cooking in the outer casing 204) In the portion of the portion 206. Fig. 5 is a view for explaining the flow of the J product in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

A flow chart of a method of separating a portion of C/ from the fluid. The flow chart illustrates the receipt of a fluid having an impurity concentration at the outer shell of a 500' helium distillation system. The volume of fluid can be P volume of water and the impurity concentration is, for example, a salt. In some embodiments, the volume of fluid can include a plurality of types of impurities (e.g., calcium based impurities, magnesium based impurities). At 5 1 〇, the volume of fluid is received on the top surface of the thermal transfer element within the digester portion of the outer casing. The volume of fluid can be drawn from, for example, the salt-water body and received via the inlet of the housing. The top surface of the thermal transfer element can define at least a portion of the digester portion of the outer casing. At 52 〇, a portion of the fluid is distilled from the volume of fluid. If the volume of the fluid is a volume of salt-water, the portion of the fluid may be fresh water distilled from the salt-water in a gaseous state as steam. After the portion of the fluid is distilled from the volume of fluid at 53 〇 ', the volume of fluid is received at the brine collection portion of the retorting system. In some cases, the volume of fluid may have a different impurity concentration after the portion of the fluid is distilled from the fluid of the volume. At 54 Torr, the portion of the fluid is compressed and moved from the digester portion of the outer casing into the condenser portion. The portion of the fluid can be compressed and moved by a compression assembly coupled to the outer casing. 126586.doc -24- 200843833 At 550, this portion of the fluid condenses at the bottom surface of the heat transfer element. When the portion of the fluid collides with the bottom surface of the heat transfer element, that portion of the fluid can condense. The bottom surface of the thermal transfer element can define at least a portion of the condenser portion of the outer casing. At 560, the heat released at the bottom surface of the thermal transfer element is transferred from the portion of the fluid to the digester portion. In some embodiments, all or substantially all of the heat released at the bottom surface of the thermal transfer element can be transferred via the thermal transfer element.

t At 570, the condensed file receiving the fluid at the fresh water collection portion of the retort system may, in some embodiments, bleed the condensed portion of the fluid from the fresh water collection portion of the steaming system. In some embodiments, the fresh water collection portion of the distillation system can be disposed within the outer casing. Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of several components of a distillation system 6 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Distillation system 6 has a top portion 61A of a housing 680 defining at least a portion of a digester, a heat transfer element 62A, a distribution assembly 630, and a fresh water collection reservoir 64A. In this embodiment, the influent salt_water 631 is received via the inlet 674 within the retorting system 600. The salt water flows along the top portion a) of the heat transfer member 62 in the direction of the front head 632, and the fresh water vapor is distilled from the salt-water as indicated by the arrow 634. In some of the examples, the slope of the thermal transfer element 62 is substantially less than 1 degree with respect to the horizontal plane. A perspective view of the thermal transfer element 62A is shown in Figures 6A and 6C. Figure 6A illustrates the thermal transfer element 620 in the absence of salt-water (also shown in Figure 6) and Figure 6C illustrates the thermal transfer element 62 in the presence of salt_water 664 (also shown in 126586.doc - 25- 200843833 is shown in Figure 6A). Salt-water 664 having a concentration flows out of opening 626 as the salt-water 664 is increased by the corrugated portion 666 of heat transfer element 620 until it reaches the brine concentration. The salt-water 664 intersects at a zero depth point between each of the furrows and the ridges of the corrugated portion 666. At the deepest point of each indentation, the depth of the salt-water 664 can be, for example, several inches or less. In this embodiment, the inflowing salt-water 631 (shown in Figure 6A) is pumped into the reservoir 668 of the thermal transfer element 620 such that the salt-water 664 can be evenly distributed across the corrugations of the thermal transfer element 620. Part 666. The reservoir 668 can be referred to as a distribution reservoir. Referring back to Figure 6A, brine 636 exits the outer casing 680 of distillation system 600 via outlet 676. After the steam 634 is compressed, the compressed vapor 638 is injected into the intermediate portion 650 of the outer casing 680 via the trough 652 toward the bottom portion 624 of the thermal transfer element 620. The compressed steam 638 is dispensed into the tank 652 using the distribution manifold 690 shown in Figure 6D. As shown in Figure 6D, the dispensing manifold 690 has an inlet 694 and an outlet slot 696 corresponding to the slot 652 (shown in Figure 6A). The compressed steam 638 is distributed to the tank 652 via the manifold system 692 of the distribution manifold 690. In some embodiments, the distribution manifold 690 can be referred to as a dispensing assembly. Referring back to Figure 6A, the compressed vapor 638 is further directed by the guidance system 644 of the distribution component 63 0 . In some embodiments, the horizontal plane 646 of the dispensing assembly 630 can have a plurality of openings (eg, apertures) to direct the compressed vapor 638 to the thermal transfer element 620 after injecting the compressed vapor 638 into the outer casing 680. Bottom surface 624 (in the direction of arrow 648). The condensed fresh water 662 is collected in a reservoir 660 after the compressed vapor 638 is condensed at 126586.doc -26-200843833 at the bottom portion 624 of the thermal transfer element 620. Figure 7A is a schematic diagram illustrating a distillation system 700 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Distillation system 700 has a housing 710 that includes a heat exchanger 760, a compression assembly 740, and a thermal transfer element 720. The outer casing 710 has a portion that acts as a digester 712 and a portion that acts as a condenser 714. As shown in Figure 7A, salt-water 722 flows down the salt-water reservoir 754 from the salt-water reservoir 754 (e.g., by gravity pull) to the salt in the brine reservoir 776, water 774. As the salt-water 722 flows down the heat transfer element 720, the fresh water is cooked as fresh water vapor from the salt-water 722 and moved into the compression assembly 740 (724) (shown as line 724). Fresh water vapor is compressed at compression assembly 740 into compressed steam (e.g., compressed fresh water vapor) and moved toward bottom surface 728 of heat transfer element 720 (where compressed steam condenses) (shown by line 726). Heat released by the phase transition at the bottom surface 728 of the heat transfer element 720 is transferred to the flowing salt-water 722 via the heat transfer element 720 to cause fresh water vapor to be cooked from the flowing salt-water 722. In some embodiments, distillation system 700 can have a dispensing assembly (not shown) configured to facilitate dispensing the compressed vapor onto bottom surface 728 of thermal transfer element 720. After the compressed steam is condensed into fresh water, fresh water 770 is collected in fresh water reservoir 778. Figure 7B is a schematic illustration of a portion of the distillation system 700 shown in Figure 7A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 7B, the surface of the salt-water 722 flowing down the thermal transfer element 720 is generally parallel to the slope of the thermal transfer element 720. Thus, the salt-water 722 can have a shallower depth 782 over substantially the entire length of the thermal transfer element 720. In some embodiments, the salt can be determined by the level of salt-water in the reservoir 754 of the salt-water 126586.doc -27- 200843833 and/or the extent of the opening 784 from the salt-water reservoir 754. The flow rate of water 722 and the depth 782 of salt-water 722. In some embodiments, the flow rate of salt-water 722 can be controlled by the shape and/or slope of thermal transfer element 72.

C In some embodiments, distillation system 7 (eg, heat transfer element 720, cooker 712, etc.) can be configured such that during operation of distillation system 7, points 732 and 736 (located in heat) The vapor pressure of the salt-water 722 at the point of the opposite end of the transfer element 72 can be substantially the same. Also, the flow rate of salt water 722 on the heat transfer element can be defined such that the static pressure at points 734 and 8 can be substantially the same and substantially equal to the pressure within digester 712. In other words, the depth 782 of the salt-water 722 can be defined such that the static pressure from the depth 782 of the salt_water 722 will be negligible, thus facilitating cooking over the top surface of the thermal transfer element 72. For example, if the digester 712 is configured to operate at a specified pressure that is substantially below the quasi-atmospheric pressure, the point and the black gas at 6 are [substantially equal to the specified pressure, and at points 734 and 738 The pressure can be substantially the same as the specified pressure. Referring back to Figure 7A, the recirculation pump 78 is configured to recycle the portion by pumping the brine 774 from the brine reservoir 776 to the salt-water reservoir 754. This portion of gg-water 774 can then be subjected to a retort treatment, with σ extracting additional fresh water from the agricultural Jc 774. Fresh water can be extracted more efficiently by recycling two of the brines π#, especially if the brine 774 is not saturated with salt, as is + &> In the case of Lu, it is possible to remove a higher percentage of fresh water from the salt-water 722 than if it were not recycled. In some embodiments, the re-shield yak case of the brine 7.4 using the recirculation pump 708 can be performed in response to a signal indicating that additional 126586.doc -28-200843833 fresh water can be extracted from the brine 776. A sensor (not shown) and associated control module (not shown) may be configured to initiate and 7 or control the recirculation pump 780 when it is determined that the salt concentration of the brine 774 is below a specified threshold. Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of a compression assembly 84A in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The compression assembly 840 is configured to use heat from the waste stream 850 in the chamber 846 prior to moving the fresh water vapor to a heat transfer element (not shown) where the energy of the water vapor can be transferred by condensation. Medium compressed fresh water vapor. Compression assembly 840 has an inlet valve 842 and an outlet valve 8 configured to operate in a coordinated manner. The population valve 842 is open and the outlet valve 844 is closed to allow fresh water vapor to enter and fill the chamber 846 of the compression assembly 84. The inlet valve 842 is closed after a specified time of week/month and the fresh water vapor in the chamber 846 is heated to increase the temperature and/or pressure of the child/fire. After a specified period of time, the outlet valve 844 is opened and the vapor is released to, for example, condensing of a distillation system (not shown). Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of a thermal transfer element 99A in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Thermal transfer element 990 has a plurality of steps 992. The step 992 of the thermal transfer element 99 can be configured to modify or define the &L rate of the salt on the thermal transfer element 99 and/or the thermal transfer characteristics of the thermal transfer element. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The Figure is a schematic block diagram of a side cross-sectional view of a distillation system 1 having a generally conical shaped heat transfer element 1020 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The conical heat transfer element 1〇2〇 has a top surface 1048 from which the salt_water 1〇22 from the salt-water reservoir 1〇54 can be cooked.乂水蒸>' can be moved to the bottom surface 1049 of the conical heat transfer heat element 1〇2〇 via the opening at the top of the conical heat transfer element 126586.doc -29- 200843833 (the fresh water vapor can condense here) (as shown by line 1094). The fresh water vapor can be moved by the blades of the slurry 1026, which is driven by a motor 1〇9〇 disposed in the outer casing 1〇10 of the steaming system 1000. After the fresh water strips are condensed into the condensed water, the condensed water can be collected in the fresh water reservoir 1070 at (or below) the pedestal 1044 of the conical thermal transfer element 1020. In some embodiments, the thermal transfer element 1〇2〇 can be configured to resemble the thermal transfer element 99〇 illustrated in FIG. As shown in Fig. 10A, a propeller 1 〇 26, which is a portion of the compression assembly 1 〇 4 旋转, rotates about an axis 1 〇 24 (e.g., an axis) extending from the opening 1046 to the susceptor 1 〇 44. The shaft 1024 is fastened to the outer casing 1〇1 by two sets of bearings 1078 and 1〇76. Because the components of the compression assembly 1040 are completely disposed within the housing 1〇1, there are no need to prevent leaking seals and other components in some embodiments. Again, most of the heat generated by the compression assembly 1〇4〇 can be used to move fresh water vapor from one of the outer portions of the conical heat transfer element 1020 to the outside of the conical heat transfer element 1020 (by line 1〇) 94 shows) pressurizing fresh water vapor and/or increasing the temperature of fresh water vapor. As also shown in Fig. 10A, the heat from the fresh water reservoir can be transferred to the inflowing salt-water (not shown) moved to the salt_water reservoir 1〇54 using the heat exchanger 1〇6〇. In some embodiments, the heat exchanger 丨〇6〇 can be configured to use energy (e.g., solar energy) from outside the distillation system 1000. A high concentration of salt-water and/or brine is collected in the brine reservoir 1074. Figure 10B is a schematic block diagram of a top cross-sectional view of the distillation system 1 图 shown in Figure 1 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1B, 126586.doc -30- 200843833, the thermal transfer element 1020 is a generally annular thermal transfer element 1〇2〇. In some embodiments, the thermal transfer element 1 〇 20 may be semi-annular or of a different shape (e.g., pentagon, octagon). In some embodiments, the outer casing 1〇1〇 may also have a shape other than the shape shown in Fig. 10B (e.g., circular, circular, triangular). Figure 11 is a schematic block diagram of a distillation system 丨丨〇〇 including a control unit 根据 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Distillation system 11A has a thermal transfer element 1120 that defines at least a portion of digester 114 and at least a portion of condenser 1142. The distillation system 11A also has a compression assembly 1130, an actuator 115 coupled to the thermal transfer element 112, an outlet valve 1162 coupled to the outlet 1172, and an inlet valve 1164 coupled to the inlet 1174. The outlet 1172 is an outlet from the outer casing 1104 and the inlet 1174 is open to the inlet of the outer casing 1104. The outlet valve 1162 and the inlet valve 1164 can each have an actuator configured to modify the flow. Control unit 1110 is configured to control (e.g., change, modify, trigger a change) one or more portions or functions of distillation system 1100 in response to signals from inductor 1160. The control unit 丨丨10 can be configured to control the distillation system prior to operation of the distillation system 11 00, after operation of the distillation system 1100, or during operation of the distillation system 1100. The control unit 111 can be configured to control the distillation system 11 基于 based on the control module 1112 of the control unit mo. For example, the control unit can be configured to implement a startup sequence. Control module 1112 can include one or more hardware modules (eg, firmware, digital signal processor) and/or one or more software based on one or more instructions (eg, computer programs, algorithms) Module (for example, instruction, software path 126586.doc -31- 200843833). Control module 1112 can include one or more memory portions (not shown) and/or one or more processing portions (not shown). Control unit 1110 can be configured to control the steaming system based on a control algorithm such as a feedback algorithm and/or a feedforward algorithm (eg, a 'control program)

〇〇之之分. The control algorithm can be based on any combination of proportional control, differential and/or integral control. The control unit (1) is configured to control at least a portion of the distillation system 1100 based on historical data associated with the distillation system 1 i 〇 . In response to the instructions from the control unit im, the history can be stored and stored in a repository (not shown) that can be taken from the control element (1). The sensor 1160 can include, for example, one or more of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a flow rate sensor, an electromagnetic light sensor, and the like. Although a sensor 丨16〇 is shown in this embodiment, in some embodiments, the distillation system _ can have a sigma sensor (not shown) located in each of the knives of the distillation system 11A. For example, an inductor (not shown) may be coupled to the thermal transfer element 112, an inductor (not shown) may be disposed within the condensation print 1 42 and/or an inductive (not shown) may be disposed Compressed within component 1130. In some embodiments, at least a portion of the inductor 116 (or another inductor) can be disposed external to the outer casing 4 of the distillation system. For example, a, the control unit 丨丨丨〇 can be configured to modify the angle 1112 of the thermal transfer element 1 120 relative to the horizontal plane 丨丨i 8 in response to signals from the inductor 1160. The control unit 1110 can change the slope of the thermal transfer element 1120 by transmitting a signal that triggers the private motion of the actuator 1 150 that is coupled to the thermal transfer element 1120. This signal may be sent from control unit 111 when one or more conditions are met (e.g., the threshold 126586.doc - 32 - 200843833 is satisfied). In some embodiments, the flow rate of fluid 1114 can be modified as angle 1112 changes. In some embodiments, the 'control unit' can be configured to modify the rate of thermal transfer rate of the thermal transfer element 112 based on the signal from the inductor 1160. The thermal transfer rate may be calculated at control unit 1110 based on one or more signals from inductors 1160 (and/or another inductor) of distillation system 1100. Control unit 1110 may be configured to be based on from detector 116. The signal of 〇 (and/or another inductor (not shown)) modifies the flow rate of the outlet 1172 and/or the flow rate of the inlet 丨 174 by varying the valve 1162 and/or the valve 1164, respectively. For example, if the control unit 111 determines, based on the signal from the sensor 116, that the cooking rate, pressure, and/or temperature of the fluid 1114 above the thermal transfer element 112 is below a threshold, then the control unit 丨丨The flow rate (shown by line 1132) via outlet 1丨72 can be varied by a portion of the spoke valve 11 62 . Similarly, if the control unit 丨丨1〇 determines based on the signal from the sensor 1160 that the cooking rate, the force and/or the temperature of the fluid port 14 above the heat transfer element 丨12〇 satisfy a condition, the control unit 1 The flow rate through the inlet 11 (shown by line 1134) can be varied by moving a portion of valve 1 164. In some embodiments, control unit 315 can be configured to modify the output and/or input of compression component 113(R) in response to signals from inductor 1160 (eg, 'input temperature, input pressure, output temperature, output pressure ). For example, control unit 1130 can be configured to modify the motor of compression group 126586.doc -33 - 200843833 1130 when the cold rate, pressure, and/or temperature below thermal transfer element 112〇 meets the threshold condition (not The speed of the illustration). In some embodiments, control unit 113 0 can be configured to modify the output and/or input of compression assembly 113 when the fresh water production rate and/or the compressed steam production rate is below a specified limit.

In some embodiments, the control unit 〇1〇 can be configured to modify the flow rate of fluid from the reservoir (not shown) disposed outside of the housing 1104 into the housing 11〇4. In some embodiments, the control unit 〇1〇 can be configured to modify the flow rate, temperature, and flow of fluid from the housing 11〇4 from a reservoir (not shown) disposed within the housing 11〇4 / or pressure. In some embodiments, control unit 1110 can be configured to modify the flow rate, temperature, and/or pressure of waste products (e.g., brine) within and/or outside of housing 11〇4. In some κ embodiments, the control unit 1 1 1 〇 can be configured to modify a portion of the distillation system 1100 (eg, the slope of the thermal transfer element 112, the rate of turbulence of the fluid) to cause the cooker i 140 ( For example, the temperature within or above the heat transfer element 1 is separated from the temperature within the condenser 1142 (e.g., at or below the heat transfer element 1120) by a specified interval. In some embodiments, the control unit 1110 can be configured to modify a portion of the distillation system U00 (eg, the slope of the thermal transfer element (10), the flow rate of the fluid) to cause the waste disk within the digester 1140; Age crying,,, J. /, the pressure within the cold 1142 is separated by a specified interval. In some examples, the various components associated with the steaming system 1100 can be modified in a coordinated manner (e.g., simultaneously, continuously) to achieve the desired result. For example, if the cooking rate above the thermal transfer element ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ π1120 is lower than the specified (eg, desired) level, then the 126586.doc of the thermal transfer element 修改120 is modified. • 34- 200843833 Angle 1112 increases the flow rate of fluid 1114 and increases the flow of fluid liquefied from fluid 1114 by increasing the speed of the motor of compression assembly 1J30. In some implementations, the control unit (1) can be configured to control one or more portions of the steaming system (not shown) via a wired network and/or a wireless network. In some embodiments, the distillation system 11A can have a user interface. (The user interface is not shown to manually change the distillation system and the control system. For example, The user can change the flow rate of the fluid associated with the steam or the heat transfer rate of the member 1120 via the user interface. In some embodiments, the user can change the distillation system 1100 via the user interface. Operating point of one or more portions. Control unit 1110 can be configured to modify, for example, the flow rate and/or angle of thermal transfer element 112 to perform operating point changes. In some embodiments, for example </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; If increased, a heating assembly can be used to temporarily heat an incoming salt-water machine (not shown) until steady state conditions are reached. In some embodiments, the heating assembly can be used permanently to maintain the steaming system. Partial steady state Figure 12 is a flow diagram of a method for modifying the angle of a heat transfer element of a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The flow chart shows that at j210, an impurity concentration is received at the outer casing of the distillation system. The fluid receives the signal from the sensor associated with the vaporizing system at 1220 '. In some embodiments, the sensor can be a temperature sensor or a pressure sensor. In 1230, based on The signal modifies the angle of the thermal transfer element coupled to the outer casing. For example, when the threshold condition is met based on the signal, the control unit can trigger the actuator to change the angle of the thermal transfer element. In some embodiments The flow rate of at least a portion of the fluid may be modified in addition to or in lieu of modifying the angle of the heat transfer element. Figure 13 is a diagram illustrating the use of an initial distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention ( Flowchart of the method. The flow chart illustrates that at 1300, a vacuum pump is used to evacuate at least a portion of the outer casing of the retorting system. In some embodiments, if the distillation system is One or more sections configured to operate at low pressure must be pumped: the outer casing of the distillation system. In some embodiments, a vacuum pump is not required because the distillation system is configured to operate at, for example, atmospheric pressure. In some embodiments, the blower is required to increase the pressure of the distillation system to the operating point of the ancient reed. "Question 1 At 131 〇, the transfer is initiated to the dust-shrinking assembly of the outer casing. At 132 〇, the use of:: To heat the fluid flowing to the outer casing of the steaming system. The fluid may be a mixture of two enamels. In some embodiments, the fluid may be added to the digester portion of the distillation system, ^, , ^ 1 Knife, the degree of the dish. In some of the examples. In the - this ... ... only used during the start-up of the electric heating group and / or ...? A cooling assembly is required to reduce the inflow of the vaporizer system and the phase temperature of n to the low temperature operating point. At (10), when the steaming (four) system reaches a steady state, the operation of the real part is terminated. In some embodiments: :: ' ϋ ... and the condenser part of the steaming system reaches 1 each =, ~, the boiler part and I, each of the different points, the distillation system is 126586.doc -36 - 200843833 Steady state operation. The heat transfer rate of the heat transfer element disposed in the outer casing of the distillation system at the steady state operating point is substantially constant. Some embodiments relate to a computer storage product having a computer readable medium (which may also be referred to as a processor readable medium). At the mouth, the computer readable medium has instructions or computer code for performing various operations performed by the computer. Media and computer code (which may also be referred to as code) may be media and computer code specifically designed and constructed for a specified purpose. Examples of computer readable media include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage media such as hard disks, floppy disks, and magnetic tapes, such as compact discs/digital video discs (CD/DVD), compact discs-read only memory. And optical storage media for holographic devices; magneto-optical storage media such as optical disks; carrier signals; and hardware devices specifically configured to store and execute code, such as special application integrated circuits (ASICs), Programmable logic device (PLD) and ROM and random access memory (Ram) devices. Examples of computer code include, but are not limited to, microcode or microinstructions, machine instructions (such as produced by a compiler), and files containing higher level commands executed by a computer using an interpreter. For example, embodiments of the invention may be implemented using java, C++, or other object oriented stylized languages and development tools. Examples of computer code include, but are not limited to, control signals, encryption codes, and compression codes. In summary, methods and apparatus for distillation over a wide range of temperatures and pressures are described in particular. While various embodiments have been described in the foregoing, it is understood that For example, various combinations of components in the distillation system shown in the drawings can be used to form different and/or separate distillation systems. In the example 126586.doc -37- 200843833, by way of example, some of the components of the steaming system shown in Figure 2 can be combined with the distillation system shown in Figures 10A and 。. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a distillation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. ~ Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of a distillation system configured to separate water from salt and water in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 illustrates a steam saturation table that can be used to determine the operating point of at least a portion of the distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an characterization curve associated with a compression assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a flow chart illustrating a method for separating a portion of a volume of fluid from the fluid in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6A is an exploded perspective view of several components of a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a perspective view of the heat transfer element of Figure 6 in the absence of salt_water in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6C is a perspective view of the thermal transfer element of Figure 6 in the presence of salt-water, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6D is a perspective transparent view of a dispensing assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of a portion of the distillation system illustrated in Figure 7A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of a compression assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 126586.doc -38- 200843833 Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of a thermal transfer element in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1A is a schematic block diagram of a side cross-sectional view of a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention having a generally conical heat transfer element. Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of a top cross-sectional view of the distillation system shown in Figure 10A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 is a schematic block diagram of a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The distillation system includes a control unit. Figure 12 is a flow chart illustrating a method for modifying the angle of a thermal transfer element of a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13 is a flow chart illustrating a method for initiating a distillation system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 100 steaming system 110 chamber 112 inlet 114 out π 120 heat transfer element 130 chamber 140 compression assembly 185 heat 200 distillation system 204 housing 206 digester section # 126586.doc • 39- 200843833 208 condenser Section 209 Freshwater Collection Section 220 Thermal Transfer Element 222 Depth 224 Angle 226 Horizontal Plane 228 Zero Depth Point 232 Imaginary Line 234 Line 240 Compression Assembly 242 Inlet 244 Outlet 260 Heat Exchanger 270 Fresh Water 272 Salt - Water 273 Influent Salt - Water Stream 274 Brine 275 Outflow of fresh water stream 277 Outflowing brine stream 282 Inlet 284 Outlet 286 Outlet 306 Operating point 308 Operating point 126586.doc - 40 - 200843833 420 Characterization curve 600 Steaming system 610 Top section 620 Thermal transfer element 622 Top section 624 Bottom section / bottom surface 626 opening 630 dispensing assembly 631 inflowing salt - water 632 arrow 634 arrow / steam 636 brine 638 compressed steam 640 fresh water collection reservoir 644 guiding system 646 horizontal plane 648 arrow 650 middle portion 652 slot 660 reservoir 662 Water 664 salt-water 666 corrugated portion 668 reservoir 126586.doc -41- 200843833 674 inlet 676 out π 680 outer casing 690 distribution manifold 692 manifold system 694 inlet * 696 outlet tank ^ 700 distillation system (710 shell 712 digester 714 Condenser 720 Thermal Transfer Element 722 Salt-Water 724 Line 726 Line 728 Bottom Surface G 732 Point 734 Point 736 Point* 738 Point 740 Compression Assembly 754 Salt-Water Reservoir 760 Heat Exchanger 770 Fresh Water 126586.doc -42- 200843833 774 brine 776 brine reservoir 778 freshwater reservoir 780 recirculation pump 782 depth 784 opening 840 compression assembly 842 inlet valve 844 outlet valve 846 chamber 850 waste stream 980 salt-water 990 heat transfer element 992 step 1000 distillation system 1010 Housing 1020 Conical Heat Transfer Element / Conical Heat Transfer Heat Element 1022 Salt - Water 1024 Axis 1026 Propeller 1040 Compression Assembly 1044 Base 1046 Opening 1048 Top Surface 126586.doc -43 - 200843833 1049 Bottom Surface 1054 Salt-Water Storage 1060 heat exchanger 1070 fresh water reservoir 1074 brine reservoir 1076 bearing 1078 1090 Motor 1094 Line 1100 Distillation System 1104 Housing 1110 Control Unit 1112 Control Module / Angle 1114 Fluid 1118 Horizontal Plane 1120 Heat Transfer Element 1130 Compression Assembly 1132 Line 1134 Line 1140 Boiler 1142 Condenser 1150 Actuator 1160 Sensor 1162 Exit Valve 126586.doc -44- 200843833 1164 inlet valve 1172 outlet 1174 inlet ΔΡ differential pressure 126586.doc -45

Claims (1)

200843833 X. Patent Application Range: 1 - A device comprising: a peripheral device comprising a condenser portion and a digester portion configured to receive one of a bulk liquid state in the digester portion a fluid of volume, the volume of fluid comprising an impurity concentration; coupled to the outer casing and defining at least a portion of the condenser portion - a heat transfer element and at least a portion of the digester portion, the heat transfer The crucible is configured to transfer heat from the condenser portion to the digester blade such that a portion of the fluid is partially cooked from the volume of fluid within the digester portion at a pressure below a standard atmospheric pressure Forming a gas phase, the portion of the fluid comprising an impurity concentration of the impurity concentration of the fluid below the volume; and a compression assembly coupled to the digester portion of the outer casing and responsive to the portion of the fluid The digester portion is moved to the condenser portion, the compression assembly being configured to increase the pressure of the portion of the fluid as the portion of the fluid is moved. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the volume of fluid is a first volume of fluid, and the device further comprises: a thermal parent that is configured to at least partially change in the portion of the fluid After the liquid phase and after a first volume of fluid is received at the digester portion, heat is transferred from the portion of the fluid to the second volume of fluid, the second volume of fluid comprising a dissolved impurity. The device of claim 1, wherein the compression assembly is configured to move a fluid of a fluid 126586.doc 200843833 such that when the portion of the fluid is in a liquid phase at one of the surface of the thermal transfer element Transferring the portion of a fluid through the heat transfer element. U4. The device of claim 1, wherein the portion of the fluid is a fluid-cutter, and the first portion of the fluid transferred from the condenser portion to the retort portion is from the eclipse... The fluid part of the fluid - the second part is included in the heat transfer part! The latent heat associated with condensation at the surface, the second impurity of the fluid that is lower than the impurity concentration of the fluid of the volume is 5% of the device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the following conditions is satisfied - part The utility model has a conical shape, or the mouth of the outer casing is a polymer-based material. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the volume of the calamus &gt;, the 4th boiler portion is ... "at least one of the bodies being heated by the stream received by the steam treatment. Self-waste C/Qiu: Long item 1 of I set 'where the part of the fluid is fluid-first received- 1st... old, one of the fluids at the outer shell _ #八# Λ #体积a fluid, a trowel to heat the second portion of the fluid and the right two fluid injectors of the first volume have a (four) impurity concentration of the impurity concentration of the colloid. [1] The fluid is a salt of the impurity, the water of the part f of the fluid, and the temperature of the temperature is cooked at a temperature lower than - based on the device of the dance item 9. The device of claim 1, further comprising: 126586.doc 200843833 A knife assembly is coupled to the housing and configured to dispense the portion of the fluid to the bottom surface of the heat transfer element before the portion of the fluid condenses at a bottom surface of the heat transfer element. A device comprising: a housing having at least one inlet and an outlet, the housing configured to receive a volume in a volume of a bulk liquid, at least a portion of the volume of fluid comprising a dissolved substance And a heat transfer element 'coupled to an internal volume of the outer casing and configured to transfer a latent heat to a first portion of the volume of fluid disposed on a top surface of the thermal transfer element, The vapor pressure of the first portion is substantially equal to the pressure above the heat transfer element from the second portion when a second portion of the volume of fluid contacts a bottom surface of the heat transfer element and condenses. 11. The device of claim 10, further comprising: a compression component coupled to the housing and configured to move the second portion from an area above the top surface of the thermal transfer element to a A region below the bottom surface of the thermal transfer element, the region below the bottom surface of the thermal transfer element includes a pressure that is higher than the pressure above the thermal transfer element. 12. The device of claim 10, further comprising: a vacuum pump coupled to the housing and configured to reduce the pressure above the thermal transfer element before the volume of water is received at the housing To a pressure below a standard atmospheric pressure. 1 3 - The device of claim 1 further comprising: 126586.doc 200843833 A device that is coupled to the housing and configured to heat the volume of the fluid straight $ # 4 μ &gt; _ a "μ..., the private component transfers the latent heat in a steady state; and a 3-day wave converter coupled to the housing and configured to facilitate one of the first portions in response to "latent heat" The phase changes. 14 · If the item is set, the at least part of the heat transfer element is placed at an angle with respect to the -k. ' 15. - A device comprising: ( _ outside salty) comprising a first section and a second section, the housing I is configured to be in the area of 兮鲎Γ - Π $ 隹 5 Receiving a mixture of a first substance and a second substance; a thermal transfer element coupled to the outer casing and defining at least a portion of the first section and at least a portion of the second section; and a compression An assembly coupled to the first section and configured to separate the portion of the first substance after the first phase is separated from the mixture by the first phase of the first substance 4 parts of a substance Q are moved from the first section to the second section, the third phase change being caused by heat transferred to the mixture via the heat transfer element, the compression assembly being configured to move The portion of the first substance to increase the pressure and temperature of the portion of the first substance, the heat transfer element being sorrowful after moving the portion of the first substance to the second portion Transferring heat associated with a second phase change of one of the portions of the first substance, the first The two-phase change occurs after the first phase change. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the amount of heat associated with the first phase change is substantially equal to the heat associated with the second phase change 7. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the portion of the first substance is separated from the mixture at a pressure below a standard atmospheric pressure, the portion of the first substance The first phase change occurs at a temperature below a precipitation temperature of a calcium-based material included in the mixture. 18. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein the first stage is a condenser and The second section is a digester, the first substance is water and the second substance is a compound ionized in water. 19. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein at least a portion of the heat transfer element is relative to The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the mixture is disposed on a top surface of one of the heat transfer elements, the top surface of the heat transfer element being at a depth of one of the mixtures Point and One surface of the composition intersects. 2 1 · A method comprising: after the first volume of fluid is cooked from a second volume of fluid in a region above a thermal transfer element, the first The volumetric body moves from the region above the thermal transfer element to a region below the thermal transfer element, the first volume of fluid comprising an impurity concentration lower than an impurity concentration of the fluid of the second volume, The region below the thermal transfer element has a temperature above a temperature of the region above the thermal transfer element; and transferring the latent heat from the first volume of fluid to a top surface of one of the thermal transfer elements a third volume of fluid that is released when the second volume of fluid condenses. 22. The method of claim 21, further comprising: 126586.doc 200843833 compressing the first volume of fluid such that The energy associated with the body is increased by a specified amount of energy, and the flow of the finger is substantially equal to the energy associated with the latent heat. The method of claim 21, further comprising: compressing the first volume of fluid such that at least one of the first, temperature or pressure is increased. The method of claim 21, further comprising: wherein the fluid of the first volume is from the second volume of fluid 1 and prior to the transfer associated with the latent heat: : The heat associated with the previous body is transferred to the third volume of fluid. 25. A device comprising: an outer casing having at least one inlet and a brine collection portion shell configured to receive a volume of salt-water via the inlet; "outer crucible - thermal transfer element" Coupling to the outer casing - the inner volume transfer member comprises - the surface 'at least - part of which is disposed relative to the water - surface angle - when the volume of brine is placed on the: member, the volume The salt-water includes an I plane parallel to the horizontal plane, the heat transfer element being configured to transfer latent heat to the salt water such that the water is partially distilled from the salt water and the salt water One of the salt concentrations is increased, and the brine collection portion is configured to receive the salt-water after the salt concentration of the salt-water is increased; and a compression assembly configured to compress from the salt- At least the portion of the water that is distilled from the water and configured to move the portion of the water toward the bottom surface of the thermal transfer element 126586.doc 200843833. A device comprising: a shell having at least - population and - out of π, the shell is sad to receive a volume a fluid; and a substantially conical shovel ..., a transfer member coupled to an inner volume of the outer casing, the conical open taper 1 heat transfer element including an outer surface, an inner surface, and an opening , the generally conical &gt; robbery # # , , ..., trans-private element is configured such that one portion of the fluid 4 is digested from the volume of fluid above the surface of the material, and the (four) portion of the fluid moves through the opening and Condensation at the inner surface. 27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the surface of the generally conical heat transfer element of the middle of the crucible defines the inner portion of the conical heat transfer element of the outer casing The surface defines at least a portion of the condenser port of one of the outer casings. 28. The device of claim 26, wherein the body-conical heat transfer member is opposite the base, the conical heat transfer member being configured such that when ready for preparation, the portion of the field is cooked from the volume of fluid. Upon exit, 4 volumes of fluid are in the outer surface 29. As in the device of claim 26, the base flows. The at least one portion includes a large body fluid water M r ^ # ^ . impurity, the outer surface of the substantially conical heat-transferring member defines at least one knife of the -^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ digester portion, This part of the body is cooked under the pressure of the latter's quasi-atmospheric pressure. ―, Μ分内-下低-心30. The device of claim 26, further comprising: 126586.doc 200843833 A compression assembly 'coupled to the outer casing or the generally conical heat transfer element At least one of the portions of the fluid is moved by the compression assembly. The device of claim 26, wherein the conical heat transfer element has a base that is opposite the base, the device further comprising: a compression assembly 'coupled to the outer casing or the generally conical At least one of the heat transfer members, the portion of the fluid being moved and compressed by the compression assembly, the compression assembly having an elongate member configured to rotate about an axis extending from the base To the opening. 32. The skirt of claim 26, wherein when the portion of the fluid is moved, an amount of energy is added to the portion of the fluid, and when the portion of the fluid condenses at the inner surface, the ό + tu is transferred from the inner surface to the outer surface. 3 3 . The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the volume of fluid is a mixture. Wherein the portion of the fluid is substantially a first substance comprising the first substance and a second substance. 34. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the fluid of the beta beta volume is a volume of water having ^ Asked about the impurity concentration of the impurity concentration of one of the fluids of the part of the octagonal cum · / W ·, 曲 - knives. 35. A device comprising: a housing having a φ λ Γ-Ι 72, a page to an inlet and an outlet, the housing being configured to receive a volume of fluid through the inlet, The volume flow system is a 'major liquid evil' sound volume of the volume + s, at least a part of the valence body includes a dissolved impurity; a thermal transfer element, the stoichiometric $ — ^ + , 妾 to the outer shell An internal volume, the heat 126586.doc 200843833 transfer member includes a surface at least partially disposed at an angle relative to the horizontal plane, the volume of fluid comprising a surface parallel to the horizontal plane; and a compression assembly And configured to compress at least a portion of the fluid distilled from the volume of fluid. 36. The device of claim 35, wherein the surface of the thermal transfer element intersects the volume of fluid at a zero depth point of the volume of fluid. r. The apparatus of the lunar member 35, wherein the compression assembly is configured to move the portion of the fluid to a bottom surface of the thermal transfer element. 38. The device of claim 35, wherein the volume of fluid is a first volume of fluid, the apparatus further comprising: a heat exchanger configured to transfer heat from the portion of the fluid to σ In the middle of the volume of fluid, the portion of the fluid is cooked from the first volume of fluid, the second volume of the system is in a generally liquid state and includes a dissolved impurity. 39. The device of claim 35, wherein the compression component is magnetically coupled to a motor. 4. Apparatus according to claim 35, wherein the compression assembly has a coordinated valve control system&apos; configured to move and compress the portion of the fluid. 4 1 · A device such as ash, c, or negative 5, wherein the portion of the fluid is at a pressure below a standard atmospheric pressure and is substantially entirely transferred by the heat transfer element to the portion of the wMj body The latent heat is cooked from the volume of fluid. / member 3 5 t, wherein the compression component has a monotonous change 126586.doc 200843833 pressure difference versus flow rate characteristics. 43. A device comprising: a retorting unit configured to separate at least a portion of a first substance from a mixture of the first substance and a second substance; and a press 'It has a monotonically varying pressure differential versus flow rate characteristic, and the compressor is configured to move the first species away from the mixture as it is separated from the mixture. 44. The device of claim 43, wherein the first substance is separated from the mixture based on a phase change characteristic of the second substance. 45. The device of claim 43, wherein the mixture is in a liquid phase, and when a latent heat of cooling is transferred to the mixture, the portion of the first material is cooked from the mixture. 46. A device comprising: a peripheral having 'at least one inlet and one outlet, the inlet configured to receive a volume in a liquid volume, the volume of fluid comprising an impurity concentration; An element coupled to an inner portion of the outer casing and including a top surface, at least a portion of the top surface being disposed at an angle relative to a horizontal plane such that fluid of the volume is moved to the top surface Flowing over the portion of the top surface, one surface of the volume of fluid is substantially parallel to the top surface; and a compression assembly coupled to the outer casing and configured to fluidly evaporate from the volume of the body A portion of the fluid is transferred to the bottom surface of the heat transfer element to cause heat to be transferred from the portion of the fluid to the volume of fluid via the heat transfer element by 126586.doc -10- 200843833. 47. The apparatus of claim 46, wherein the volume flow system is moved at a first time: the top surface has a concentration of the first impurity, and at a second time from the volume When the fluid is cooked to the portion of the fluid y «the fluid includes a second impurity concentration higher than the first impurity concentration, the second time is after the first time, the device further comprises: And a pump coupled to the housing and configured to move at least a portion of the volume of fluid comprising the second impurity concentration to the top surface for a third time after the second time. The device of the continuation 46, wherein a vapor pressure of the vapor at the first end of the heat transfer surface and a vapor of the volume at the first end of the heat transfer surface is substantially equal to one At a pressure below a standard atmospheric pressure, the concentration of the impurity of the volume of fluid increases as the portion of the fluid is cooked from the volume of fluid. 49. The apparatus of claim 46, wherein the compression component is configured to change at least one of a pressure or a temperature of the portion of the fluid after cooking the portion of the fluid such that the portion of the fluid is Condensing at the bottom surface of the heat transfer element, the outer casing having a fluid collection portion configured to receive the portion of the fluid after condensation of the portion of the fluid, the outer casing having a brine collection portion, the brine collection A portion is configured to receive the volume of fluid after the portion of the fluid is distilled from the volume of fluid. The apparatus of claim 46, wherein the impurity is a salt and the portion of the fluid is a first portion of the fluid, and the first portion of the fluid is used as one of the first The second portion releases the latent heat and is cooked, and the second portion of the fluid changes from a gas phase to a liquid phase at the bottom surface of the heat transfer element. 5 1 - A method comprising: receiving a signal from a sensor disposed in a housing, the housing including a digester portion and a condenser portion, the digester portion to the portion and the condenser At least a portion of the portion is defined by a thermal transfer element coupled to an inner portion of the outer casing; and responsive to the edge k to modify an angle of the thermal transfer member relative to a horizontal plane such that the heat is At least one of the heat transfer rate associated with the transfer element or a flow rate of a fluid that changes the phase within the outer casing is modified. 52. The method of claim 5, wherein the modification comprises making a modification such that a rate at which the portion of the mixture is cooked from the mixture at the side of the "," The portion of the fluid is moved from the digester portion to the condenser portion after cooking from the blend 53. The method of claim 51 wherein the modification comprises modifying the angle such that the digester portion The rate at which the cooking is performed and the rate at which the condenser portion is condensed is changed. 54. The method of claim 51, wherein the heat transfer rate is transferred from the condenser portion to the portion via the condenser portion The latent heat of the digester portion is associated with the release of fluid from the bottom surface of the heat transfer element from the bottom surface of the heat transfer element from 126586.doc • 12-200843833, the method further comprising: Moving from the digester portion to the :::: portion such that at least one of the temperature or pressure of the fluid is greater 'this movement includes moving before the latent heat is released from the fluid. 55. The method of claim 51, wherein the heat transfer rate is associated with latent heat transfer from the condenser portion to the digester portion via the heat transfer element, the latent heat system being from a shovel from the shovel The bottom surface of one of the 4 thermal transfer TL pieces is cold C; a condensed fluid, the bottom surface of the heat transfer element defining the portion of the condenser portion. The method of claim 5, wherein the heat transfer rate is associated with a latent heat transferred from the condenser portion to the digester portion via the heat transfer element, the latent heat system being from a thermal transfer element A fluid condensed from the gas phase at a bottom surface, the fluid being changed from a liquid phase to a gas phase above a top surface of the heat transfer element prior to the condensation. The method of claim 51, wherein the heat transfer rate is associated with a latent heat transferred from the condenser portion to the digester portion via the heat transfer element from the bottom of the heat transfer element a portion of a first substance condensed at the surface, when a mixture of the first substance and a second substance is located above a top surface of the heat transfer element, the portion of the first substance is cooked from the mixture, when When the first substance is cooked from the mixture, the concentration of one of the second substances increases. 58. A device comprising: a housing comprising a first portion and a second portion, the housing configured to receive a first substance and a second substance in a substantially liquid state 126586.doc -13 - 200843833 a mixture; - ^ heat transfer - a piece of the sun, coupled to the outer casing and configured to convert the mixture to a ^ ^ ^ ^ ° 在 at the part of the outer portion of the outer casing is associated with a change埶 改 ... 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二 第二The second portion of the mixture is different, a sensing level 侔, *, (, ^ is coupled to the housing and configured to generate a signal associated with one of the mixture - the second portion; And the consistent crying, &gt; °° is coupled to the housing and configured to modify the rate in response thereto. 5 9. The device of claim 57, wherein the sensing component includes a pressure sensing &quot;&quot;/; alpha star sensor or a temperature sensor At least one of the actuations is configured to change a slope of the thermal transfer element, the rate being modified when the slope of the thermal transfer element changes. 〇6G. (4) means for finding item 58, Wherein the sensing component comprises at least one of - a pressure sensing, a flow sensor or a temperature sensor, the actuator being configured to change a flow of a fourth portion of the mixture within the housing The rate is modified when the flow rate is changed. &lt; 61. The device of claim 58, wherein the first substance is water and the second substance is a salt, the phase change of the first portion of the mixture Associated with cooking at a pressure below an unacceptable atmospheric pressure, the phase of the second portion of the mixture is changed from a gas phase to a liquid phase. 62. The device of claim 58, wherein the One substance is water and the second substance 126586.doc •14- 200843833 is the salt. The second part of the mixed mouth includes a salt concentration lower than one of the mixtures. 63. 58 壮衣置' of which the first The portion is different from the first portion and the second portion. 4 64. As claimed in claim 58, further comprising a compression assembly, the f AU is coupled to the housing, the compression assembly being configured to the mixture Thereafter, a portion of the priest is moved from the first portion of the outer casing to the first portion of the outer casing, such that at least one of the pressure or temperature of the first portion of the mixture is increased. The device of item 58, wherein the heat associated with the change in the first portion of the first portion of the mixture results in a change in the phase of the second portion of the 5th portion of the 5th. 66. A method comprising: receiving a signal from a sensor disposed in a housing, the outer/V further comprising a boiler portion and a condenser portion, at least a portion of the digester portion And at least a portion of the condenser portion is defined by a thermal transfer element coupled to an inner portion of the outer periphery; receiving a fluid at the digester portion of the outer casing; moving the fluid from the digester portion To the condenser portion such that energy from the fluid is released at the condenser portion and transferred to the digester portion via the heat transfer element; and in response to the signal, modifying a flow rate of the fluid such that A rate at which one phase changes at the outer casing is changed. 67. The method of claim 66, wherein the phase change is a modification from a liquid phase to a gas phase at the digester portion 126586.doc -15- 200843833 such that the condenser portion is biphasic A rate is changed. a phase change, the modification comprising performing from the gas phase to one of the liquid phases. 68. 69. 70. 71. The method of claim 66, wherein the modification comprises modifying to cause the sister to be transferred by the heat The rate at which the component is thermally transferred is changed. The method of claim 66, wherein the energy is a potential, the moving comprising performing a private movement to increase at least one of a temperature or a force of the fluid. The method of claim 66, further comprising: responsive to the signal to modify an angle of the thermal transfer element relative to a horizontal plane. The method of claim 66, further comprising: responsive to the signal to modify an angle of the thermal transfer element relative to a horizontal plane, the modification of the angle and the modification of the flow rate being coordinated. 126586.doc 16-