200830685 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種雷满雷故，士、# _ _ ^ ^ 搜私銶电硌，尤相一禮3自動判別輸 入父〃IL電壓而自動控制電源電路之工作模式者。 【先前技術】 清參考第五圖所示，為一習用手動切換之整流倍壓電 路，其組成元件包含 #200830685 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a type of Lei Man Lei, Shi, # _ _ ^ ^ search privately, and the special ceremony 3 automatically determines the input of the parent 〃 IL voltage and automatically Control the working mode of the power circuit. [Prior Art] As shown in the fifth figure, it is a conventionally switched rectifying piezoelectric circuit whose constituent elements include #
一全橋整流器，係由四顆二極體D1〜D4組成，其兩 輸入端係連接一交流輪入電源Ac; 兩輸出電容C1、C2，将电辦a兮人4备姑+ ^ 你爭恥在該全橋整流器的兩輸 出端之間。 W述整流倍壓電路中係具有兩種切換模式，分別是 115Vac及230Vac ’根據交流輸入電源的大小，使用者係 採手動方式在這兩種模式之間加以適時切換。 當交流輸入電源為115V時，由於欲獲得一軚高的輸 出電壓故須執行倍壓處理，故將開關切換i ιΐ5ν%檀位 :操作在一整流倍壓模式下，在交流輸入電壓為正半週 時，輸入電源經由二極體D1的整流，而對電容器C1充電， 該電容器c1係被充電至一峰值電壓。 /請參考第六圖，當交流輸入電源在負半週時，輸入電 源係經由二極體D4的整流，對電容器C2充電，使電容器 升【至峰值電壓，故最後總輸出電壓為電容器⑴ 與C2的總和值匕=2々^。 另方面，若是交流輸入電源本身即為230Vac時， 200830685 便不須再進行倍壓處理，由令 处理由王橋整流器處理後便可直接輸 ％ ’使用者係將該開關切換於23〇Vac檀位，操 在全波橋式整流下而產生一輸出電壓.匕。 、 前述電路雖然可因應不同的交流輸入電^小而 一符合需求的輸出電壓 拖你I如 田於该电路係使用人為手動切 臭乍業，、在使用者誤插市電交流電源時，例如交流市電為 230V但部轉換到115Vac 冼田A _ 罕工I W成電源供應器動 # 乍兴㊉’重者造成電源供應器損毁及人員受傷，故 應用方面係具有一定的危險性。 、不 【發明内容】 件^於傳統係依據不同交流輸人電源而以手動切換整流 何生的操作危險問題，本發明係針對該缺點提 :日士决方案’以保障使用者人身安全與電源供應器在工 作時的安全穩定。 # 本發明之一目的係提供一種電源供應電路之自動切換 路中沾了依據父流輸入電源的規格而自動控制電源供應電 二的-切換開關’使該電源供應電路能提供一符 的輸出電壓。 . :達成前述㈣’該自動切換電路至少具有一第一比 @關信號控制單元。該比較器具有第一輸入端、 壓7:入端及一輸出端，該第-輪入端係連接-參考電 一—輸入端係連接一交流輸入電源之一端而產生一第 :兩入電壓’該第一比較器係依據第一輸入電 、疋其輸出電壓；該開關信號控制單元的係連接該第 5 200830685 一比較器之輪出端，根據第一 源供應電路之切換開關。 比較器之輸出電壓而控制電 述自動切換電路可進—步包含—第二比較器，第二 比軏！：具有第—輸入端、第二輸入端及-輸出端，該第 比二益之罘-輸入端係連接該參考電壓，第二輸入端係 接交流輪人電源之另—端，而於第二輸人端產生—第二 輪入電壓’該第二比較n係依據第二輸人電與參考電壓A full-bridge rectifier consists of four diodes D1~D4, and its two input terminals are connected to an AC wheel power supply Ac; two output capacitors C1 and C2, which will be operated by a person. Shame between the two outputs of the full bridge rectifier. In the rectification voltage doubler circuit, there are two switching modes, 115Vac and 230Vac respectively. According to the size of the AC input power, the user manually switches between the two modes in a manual manner. When the AC input power is 115V, it is necessary to perform double voltage processing because it wants to obtain a high output voltage. Therefore, the switch is switched to i ιΐ5ν% Tan: in a rectification voltage mode, the AC input voltage is positive. At the time of the week, the input power source is rectified via the diode D1, and the capacitor C1 is charged, and the capacitor c1 is charged to a peak voltage. / Please refer to the sixth figure. When the AC input power supply is in the negative half cycle, the input power is rectified by the diode D4 to charge the capacitor C2, so that the capacitor rises [to the peak voltage, so the final total output voltage is the capacitor (1) and The sum of C2 is 匕=2々^. On the other hand, if the AC input power supply itself is 230Vac, the 200830685 will not need to be double-pressed. The processing can be directly processed by the Wangqiao rectifier. The user can switch the switch to 23〇Vac Tan. Bit, operating under full-wave bridge rectifier to produce an output voltage. Although the above-mentioned circuit can respond to different AC input voltages and meet the demanded output voltage, I can use the manual system to cut the odor, and when the user accidentally inserts the commercial AC power supply, for example, the communication. The mains is 230V, but the department is switched to 115Vac. Putian A _ Hangong IW into the power supply. #乍兴十' The heavy cause of power supply damage and personal injury, so the application is dangerous. No, the content of the invention is based on the fact that the traditional system is based on different AC input power sources, and the operation risk is manually switched. The present invention is directed to the shortcomings: the Japanese stipulation scheme 'to protect the user's personal safety and power supply The supplier is safe and stable at work. One object of the present invention is to provide an output voltage of an automatic switching path of a power supply circuit that is automatically controlled by a power supply circuit according to a specification of a parent flow input power supply. . : Achieving the aforementioned (four)' The automatic switching circuit has at least a first ratio @OFF signal control unit. The comparator has a first input end, a voltage 7: an input end and an output end, and the first wheel-in end connection-reference electric one-input end is connected to one end of an AC input power source to generate a first: two-input voltage The first comparator is based on the first input power and the output voltage thereof; the switch signal control unit is connected to the wheel of the fifth 200830685 comparator, according to the switch of the first source supply circuit. The output voltage of the comparator and the control circuit automatic switching circuit can further include - the second comparator, the second ratio! The first input end is connected to the reference voltage, and the second input end is connected to the other end of the AC wheel power supply, and the first input end is connected to the reference voltage, and the second input end is connected to the other end of the AC wheel power supply. The second input terminal generates a second round-in voltage. The second comparison n is based on the second input power and the reference voltage.
而決定其1^職，又第二時器之輸出料連接該開關 信號控制單元。 本！x明之另一目的係提供—種具自動切換功能之電源 供應電路，該電源供應電路可判斷交流輸人電源的規格， 而控制-切換開關而卫作於—整流倍壓模式或是—全波整 流模式，在毋須人為切換模式下提供一穩定的輸出電壓。 為達成前述目的，該電源供應電路係包含有一整流倍 壓電路及一自動切換電路，其中： 整流倍壓電路係具有： 一全橋整流器，該全橋整流器之第一、第二輪入 端係連接一交流輸入電源； 兩輸出電容，係串聯在該全橋整流器的兩輪出端 之間； 一切換開關，其一端連接在該全橋整流器的第一 輸入端，該切換開關另一端係可切換至前述兩輪出電 容的串連節點，或切換至一空接點； 又該自動切換電路包含： 6 200830685 弟一比較态’係具有第一輸入端、第二輸入端 及一輪出端，該第一比較器之第一輸入端係連接一參 考％壓’弟^一輸入端係連接父流輸入電源之一端而產 生第一輸入電壓，該第一比較器係依據第一輸入電 壓與參考電壓而決定其輸出電壓； 開關信號控制單元，其一輸入端係連接該第一比較 ⑽之輸出係根據第一比較器之輸出電壓而控制該切換 開關於串連節點或空接點之間。 _ 【實施方式】 請參考第一圖所示，為本發明第一實施例之詳細電路 圖，係於一整流倍壓電路（i 〇 0 )上連接一自動切換電 路（200)，該整流倍壓電路（1〇〇)包含： 一全橋整流器，係由四顆二極體（D1)〜（D4)組成，其兩 輸入端係連接一交流輸入電源（AC); 兩輸出電容（C1)' (C2)，係串聯在該全橋整流器的兩 輸出端之間； 一切換開關（S1 )，其一端連接在該全橋整流器的其中 一輸入端，該切換開關（S1)另一端可切換至前述兩輸出電 容（C1)、（C2)的串連節點a，或是切換至一空接點b，此 切換開關（S1)係可利用一繼電器或一半導體元件構成。 該自動切換電路（2 0 0 )則包含·· 一第一比較器（2 1 )，係具有一非反向輸入端、一 反向輸入端及一輸出端，該反向輸入端係連接一參考電壓 (Vref)，而非反向輸入端上係連接一第一分壓器，該第— 7 200830685 • 分壓器係由第一電阻（R1)、第二電阻（R2)串連構成以提供 5亥非反向輸入端第一輸入電壓（V1)，該第—電阻（ri)的另 端係透過一整流二極體（D5)連接到交流輪入電源（AC)的一 m , 一第一比較益（22) ’係具有一非反向輸入端、一 反向輸入端及一輸出端，該反向輸入端係連接參考電壓 (Vref) 而非反向輸入端上係連接一第二分壓器，該第二 _ 分壓器係由第三電阻（R3)、第四電阻（R4)串連構成以提供 该非反向輸入端第二輸入電壓（V2)，該第三電阻（R3)的另 端係透過另一整流二極體（D6)連接到交流輸入電源（AC)的 另一端； 開關k號控制單元（2 3 )，其輸入端連接前述第 -比較器（2 1 )與第二比較器（2 2 )的輸出端，該開 關信號控制單元（2 3 )的輸出端則是控制該整流倍壓電 路（1 0 0 )中的切換開關（S1)。 _ 前述電路之動作原理如下：當交流電壓正半週經二極 體（D5)整流並經第一分壓器分壓後，可在第一比較器（2 1 )之非反向輸入端產生第一輪入電壓（V1);同理，當交 流電壓負半週經二極體（D6)整流並經第二分壓器分壓後， y在第一比較杰（2 2 )之非反向輸入端獲得第二輸入電 C(V2)。第一輪入電壓（V1)與第二輸入電壓（v2)將決定兩 比車乂裔（2 1) (22)之輪出為一正飽和電壓或是一負 飽和電壓，兩比輕、哭f 9 1、 . ^ 、 率乂…C 2 1 ) ( 2 2 )輸出之電壓信號經 由該開關信號控制輩开f 9 Q％ 工制早2 3 )後，直接控制切換開關（S1)。 8 200830685 (一）、當該交流輸入電源（AC)的電壓為1 i5Vac時， 父流電壓經二極體D5、D6整流並分別經第一分壓器 '第 一分壓Is分壓而產生第一輸入電壓（VI)及第二輸入電壓 (V2) ’由於vi<Vref且V2<Vref，戶斤以兩比較器（2 1 ) (2 2 )之輸出皆為負飽和電壓，此負飽和電壓經由開關 #唬控制單元（2 3 )後，將切換開關（S1)切至輸出電容 (C1)(C2)的串連節點a點’因為切換開關（S1)是連接於a 點，所以整流倍壓電路（1 〇 〇)的電路動作係為整流倍 _ 壓，因此獲得一倍壓後的輸出電壓Vdc，此輸出電壓Vdc 約為 2xWxii5»320F。 ()亥父〉瓜輸入笔源（AC)的電壓為230Vac時， 父:黾壓Isl D 5、D 6整流並分別經第一分壓器、第二分壓 器分壓而產生第一輸入電壓（V1)及第二輸入電壓（V2)，由 於V1 > Vref或V2> Vref，所以第一比較器（2丄）、第 二比較器（2 2 )之輸出端為正飽和電壓，此正飽和電壓 • 經由開關信號控制單元（2 3 )後，將前述切換開關（S1) 切至空接點b點，因為切換開關（s 1)是切換於b點，所以 整流倍壓電路（i 〇 〇 )的電路動作係為全波橋式整流， 可獲得輸出電壓Vdc，此輸出電壓值約為wx23〇s32⑽。 請參考第二圖所示，為本發明第二實施例，與第一實 施例差異之處在於該自動切換電路（2 〇 〇 )中僅使用一 比較器（2 2 a ) ’該比較器（2 2 a )之反向輪入端係 連接一參考電壓（vref)，而非反向輸入端上係連接一分壓 器’該分壓器係由三個電阻（R5)、（R3)、（R4)依序串連構 9 200830685 成，以提供該非反向輸入端-輸入電麼（V2)，其中電阻（R5) 的另端係透過一整流二極體（D5)連接到交流輸入電源（ac) 的一端，而電阻（R5)及（R3)的串連節點係透過另_整流二 極體（D6)連接至交流輸入電源（Ac)的另外一端。 此第二實施例的電路動作係與第一實施例相同，皆是 利用比較益（2 2 a )之非反向輸入端的電壓與參考電壓 比較，進而決定比較器（2 2 a )是輪出正飽和電麼或是 貞飽和《，再透過額關信號㈣單元（2 3 )控制切 響 換開關（S1)是欲切換至節點a或節點b。 第二圖係為本發明第三實施例的電路圖，該自動切換 電路（2 0 〇 )中僅使用一比較器（2 2 b )，該比較器 (22 b )之反向輸入端係連接一參考電壓，而非 反向輸入端上係連接一分壓器，該分壓器係由二個電阻 ⑽）、（R4)串連構成，以提供該非反向輸入端一輸入電壓 (V2) /、中私阻（R3)的另端係透過一整流二極體（D6)連接 到交流輸入電源（AC)的負端。 ’ $四圖係為本發明第四實施例的電路圖，其差異點僅 在於比車乂杰（22 c)非反向輸入端的分壓電阻（R3)，係 透過正慨一極體（D5)連接到交流輸入電源（AC)的正端。 則述第二、第四實施例亦是以比較器（2 2 b )之非 反向輸入端的電壓與參考電壓比較，進而決定比較器（2 2b)(22c)是輸出正飽和電壓或是負飽和電壓，再 透過該開關信號控制單元（2 3 )控制切換開關（S1)是欲 切換至節點a或節點b。 10 200830685 -前述各實施例中的自動切換電路（2 〇 〇 )可有效應 用至各式交換式電源轉換器上，包含：各式返馳式、順向 式及橋式專轉換裔上，使各轉換器之輸入直流電壓不因交 /”L輸入電壓的不同而有太大的變化。 綜上所述’本發明可自動偵測交流輸入電壓是為何種 規格，進而自動控制整流倍壓電路中的切換開關，使該整 流倍壓電路能自動於一整流倍壓模式或是一全橋整流模式 下提供一符合需求的輸出電壓，毋須以人為切換而避免錯 W 誤操作所引起的危險。 【圖式簡單說明】 弟圖·係本發明第一實施例之詳細電路圖。 第二圖：係本發明第二實施例之詳細電路圖。 弟_圖·係本發明第三實施例之詳細電路圖。 第四圖：係本發明第四實施例之詳細電路圖。 第五圖：係一習用手動切換之整流倍壓電路於正半週 工作之電路圖。 、 第/、圖·係一習用手動切換之整流倍壓電路於負半週 工作之電路圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 (1 0 0)整流倍壓電路 (2〇〇)自動切換電路 (2 1 )第一比較器 (2 2 )第二比較器 (2 3 )開關信號控制單元 11 200830685 (22a) (22b) ( 2 2 c )比較器 (AC)交流輸入電源 (D1)〜（D6)二極體 (C1)(C2)輸出電容 (R1)~(R5)電阻 12And determine its 1 ^ position, and the output of the second time device is connected to the switch signal control unit. this! Another purpose of x Ming is to provide a power supply circuit with automatic switching function, which can determine the specification of the AC input power, and the control-switching switch is used in the rectification voltage mode or the full wave. The rectification mode provides a stable output voltage without the need for manual switching mode. To achieve the foregoing objective, the power supply circuit includes a rectification voltage doubler circuit and an automatic switching circuit, wherein: the rectification voltage multiplying circuit has: a full bridge rectifier, the first and second wheel insulation of the full bridge rectifier The end system is connected to an AC input power source; the two output capacitors are connected in series between the two rounds of the full bridge rectifier; a switch, one end of which is connected to the first input end of the full bridge rectifier, and the other end of the switch The system can switch to the serial connection node of the two rounds of output capacitors, or switch to an empty contact point; and the automatic switching circuit includes: 6 200830685 The first comparative mode has a first input end, a second input end and a round output end The first input end of the first comparator is connected to a reference voltage source, and the input end is connected to one end of the parent current input power source to generate a first input voltage, and the first comparator is based on the first input voltage The output voltage is determined by the reference voltage; the switching signal control unit has an input connected to the output of the first comparison (10) to control the cut according to the output voltage of the first comparator About series between nodes or open air contacts. [Embodiment] Please refer to the first figure, which is a detailed circuit diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention, which is connected to an automatic switching circuit (200) connected to a rectifying voltage multiplying circuit (i 〇0). The voltage circuit (1〇〇) comprises: a full bridge rectifier consisting of four diodes (D1)~(D4) with two input terminals connected to an AC input power supply (AC); two output capacitors (C1) ) (C2) is connected in series between the two output ends of the full bridge rectifier; a switch (S1), one end of which is connected to one input end of the full bridge rectifier, and the other end of the switch (S1) Switching to the series connection node a of the two output capacitors (C1), (C2), or switching to an empty contact b, the switch (S1) can be constructed by using a relay or a semiconductor component. The automatic switching circuit (200) includes a first comparator (2 1 ) having a non-inverting input terminal, an inverting input terminal and an output terminal, the inverting input terminal being connected to a The reference voltage (Vref) is connected to a first voltage divider instead of the inverting input terminal. The seventh voltage is connected by a first resistor (R1) and a second resistor (R2). Providing a first input voltage (V1) of the non-inverting input terminal of 5 hai, the other end of the first resistor (ri) is connected to the alternating current wheel (DC) through a rectifying diode (D5), one m, one The first comparative benefit (22) 'has a non-inverting input, an inverting input, and an output. The inverting input is connected to the reference voltage (Vref) instead of the inverting input. a second voltage divider, wherein the second resistor (R3) and the fourth resistor (R4) are connected in series to provide the non-inverting input terminal second input voltage (V2), the third resistor The other end of (R3) is connected to the other end of the AC input power supply (AC) through another rectifying diode (D6); the switch k control unit (2 3 ), which loses The input end of the first comparator (2 1 ) and the second comparator (2 2 ) are connected to the input end, and the output end of the switch signal control unit (2 3 ) controls the rectification voltage doubler circuit (1 0 0 Switch in ( ) (S1). _ The operation principle of the foregoing circuit is as follows: when the AC voltage is rectified by the diode (D5) and divided by the first voltage divider, it can be generated at the non-inverting input end of the first comparator (2 1 ). The first round-in voltage (V1); similarly, when the AC voltage is negatively half-circularly rectified by the diode (D6) and divided by the second voltage divider, y is non-reverse in the first comparison (2 2 ) A second input power C (V2) is obtained from the input. The first round-in voltage (V1) and the second input voltage (v2) will determine whether the two-wheeled (2 1) (22) wheel is a positive saturation voltage or a negative saturation voltage. f 9 1 , . ^ , rate 乂 C 2 1 ) ( 2 2 ) The output voltage signal is controlled by the switch signal to open the f 9 Q% system 2 2 ), and then directly control the switch (S1). 8 200830685 (1) When the voltage of the AC input power supply (AC) is 1 i5Vac, the parent current voltage is rectified by the diodes D5 and D6 and generated by the first voltage divider 'first partial pressure Is divided respectively. The first input voltage (VI) and the second input voltage (V2) 'Because vi<Vref and V2<Vref, the outputs of the two comparators (2 1 ) (2 2 ) are negative saturation voltages, which are negatively saturated. After the voltage is controlled by the switch #唬 control unit (2 3 ), the switch (S1) is switched to the point of the series connection node a of the output capacitor (C1) (C2) because the switch (S1) is connected to the point a, so the rectifier The circuit operation of the voltage doubler circuit (1 〇〇) is the rectification voltage _, so the output voltage Vdc after the double voltage is obtained, and the output voltage Vdc is about 2xWxii5»320F. () Hai father> melon input pen source (AC) voltage is 230Vac, the father: rolling Isl D 5, D 6 rectified and respectively divided by the first voltage divider, the second voltage divider to produce the first input The voltage (V1) and the second input voltage (V2) are positive saturation voltages at the output of the first comparator (2丄) and the second comparator (2 2 ) due to V1 > Vref or V2 > Vref. Positive saturation voltage • After switching the signal control unit (2 3 ), cut the aforementioned switch (S1) to the point of empty contact b, because the switch (s 1) is switched to point b, so the rectification voltage doubler circuit ( The circuit action of i 〇〇) is full-wave bridge rectification, and the output voltage Vdc can be obtained. The output voltage value is about wx23〇s32(10). Referring to the second figure, the second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that only one comparator (2 2 a ) is used in the automatic switching circuit (2 〇〇). 2 2 a ) The reverse wheel terminal is connected to a reference voltage (vref), and the non-inverting input terminal is connected to a voltage divider. The voltage divider is composed of three resistors (R5), (R3), (R4) serially concatenated 9 200830685 to provide the non-inverting input-input (V2), wherein the other end of the resistor (R5) is connected to the AC input power through a rectifying diode (D5) One end of (ac), and the series of resistors (R5) and (R3) are connected to the other end of the AC input power supply (Ac) through the other-rectifier diode (D6). The circuit operation of this second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the voltage of the non-inverting input terminal of the comparison benefit (2 2 a ) is compared with the reference voltage, thereby determining that the comparator (2 2 a ) is rotated. Positive saturation power or saturation, and then through the threshold signal (4) unit (2 3) control switch switch (S1) is to switch to node a or node b. The second figure is a circuit diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention. In the automatic switching circuit (20 〇), only one comparator (2 2 b ) is used, and the inverting input terminal of the comparator (22 b ) is connected to a The reference voltage is connected to a voltage divider instead of the inverting input. The voltage divider is composed of two resistors (10)) and (R4) connected in series to provide an input voltage (V2) of the non-inverting input terminal. The other end of the neutral resistance (R3) is connected to the negative terminal of the AC input power supply (AC) through a rectifying diode (D6). The 'fourth diagram is a circuit diagram of the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and the difference lies only in the voltage dividing resistor (R3) of the non-inverting input terminal of Che Yujie (22 c), which is transmitted through the positive body (D5). Connect to the positive side of the AC input power (AC). The second and fourth embodiments also compare the voltage of the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator (2 2 b ) with the reference voltage, thereby determining whether the comparator (2 2b) (22c) outputs a positive saturation voltage or a negative voltage. The saturation voltage is further controlled by the switching signal control unit (2 3 ) to switch the switch (S1) to node a or node b. 10 200830685 - The automatic switching circuit (2 〇〇) in the foregoing embodiments can be effectively applied to various types of switching power converters, including: various types of flyback, forward, and bridge types, The input DC voltage of each converter does not change much due to the difference of the AC/L input voltage. In summary, the present invention can automatically detect the AC input voltage as a specification, and automatically control the rectification piezoelectric. The switch in the circuit enables the rectification voltage doubler circuit to automatically provide a desired output voltage in a rectification voltage double mode or a full bridge rectification mode, without manual switching to avoid the danger caused by wrong operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a detailed circuit diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a conventionally switched rectifier voltage multiplying circuit operating in a positive half cycle. The circuit diagram of the rectification voltage doubler circuit in the negative half cycle. [Main component symbol description] (1 0 0) rectification voltage doubler circuit (2〇〇) automatic switching circuit (2 1 ) first comparator (2 2) Second comparator (2 3 ) Switching signal control unit 11 200830685 (22a) (22b) ( 2 2 c ) Comparator (AC) AC input power (D1) ~ (D6) diode (C1) (C2 ) Output Capacitor (R1)~(R5) Resistor 12