200817482 九、發明說明： 【發明所屑之技術領城3 相關申請案的交叉引述 本申請案主張向韓國智慧財產局、於2007年8月25日提 5 申之韓國專利申請案案號10-2006-0081166的優先權，其之 揭示係以其之整體於本文中被併入以作為參考資料。 發明領域 本發明係關於一種傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物，一種使 用该傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物製備一種塗覆膜的方法，以 10及一種使用該方法製備的塗覆膜，以及更特別地，關於一 保4膜之一種傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物，一種製備一種具 有種咼的污染控制性能和高的可印刷性之塗覆膜的方 法’以及一種使用該方法製備的塗覆膜。 15 發明背景 照慣例，於製造一種顯示裝置，如一種1^1)，的製程 中，一保護膜係被附著至一種液晶面板的最外表面來保 護，舉例而言，一種偏振片的表面。其間，指痕、指紋， 或是其他痕跡能被附著至該表面保護膜。此外，灰塵或各 2〇種各樣的外來實體之微小的碎片亦能也附著至該表面保護 膜。於是，-表面保護膜應具有—種污染控制的性能以及 一種抗靜電性質以容易地從該處移除痕跡、灰塵，或是外 來實體。 一表面保護膜能被附著至許多種類的偏振片。為了識 5 200817482 別一種偏振片的種類，商標名或是軸線方向係被印刷於該 偏振片上，或是必要的資訊係被提供於條碼内。此外，該 等表面保護膜要求一種相對於一種污染控制的性能之能力 俾以允許墨水於其上分散，黏附至該處，以及不被分離， 5 即使當印刷墨水被弱地擦去時。換言之，表面保護膜要求 可印刷性。 關於此，一種具有一種抗靜電性質之抗靜電層能被形 成於一種塑膠基材上，如，PET，以及接著，具有一種污染 控制的性能和可印刷性之一層能被形成於該靜電層上（參 1〇考私國早期公開案案號2003-0012766)。可印刷性也能使用 一種抗靜電物質予以獲得，其係主要地由一種三級銨二價 1的種形式之一種界面活性劑予以形成的。然而，此等 保遵膜係不適合於高科技的顯示器，如，由於其 等之有限的抗靜電性質。 5 【潑^明内容】 發明概要 本毛明提供-種傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物，其提供一 種具有-種污染控制的性能和可印刷性之保護膜。 本發明也提供一種使用該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成 20備一種傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜的方法，該方法係比-種包 括2们土覆敢私之慣用的塗覆膜形成方法更簡單且便宜。 本發明也提供一種使用該方法製備的傳導性聚合物的 塗覆膜。 依據本發明的一個態樣，有提供-保護膜之-種傳導 6 200817482 性聚合物塗覆組成物，該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物包括： 一種傳導性聚合物的一種水分散液，該水分散液含有一種 聚噻吩為主的聚合物化合物，一種聚吡咯為主的聚合物化 合物，一種聚苯胺為主的聚合物化合物，或是其等之一種 5 混合物；一種水溶性黏結樹脂；一種醇溶劑；一種官能性 有機溶劑；水；一種水溶性烯烴為主的蠟；以及一種氟化 物為主的樹脂。 依據如本發明的另一個態樣，有提供一種形成一種傳 導性聚合物的塗覆膜的方法，該方法包括：塗覆以上說明 1〇 的傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物於一種基材之上；以及乾燥該 塗覆的組成物。 依據如本發明的另一個態樣，可以提供一種使用以上 說明的方法製備的傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜。 該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物包括：1至30 wt%的一種傳 15 導性聚合物的一種水分散液；5至25 wt%的一種水溶性黏結 樹脂；5至40 wt%的一種醇溶劑；5至30 wt%的一種官能性 有機溶劑；10至50 wt%的水；0.1至1〇 wt%的一種水溶性烯 烴為主的蠟；以及〇·〇〇1至5%的一種氟化物為主的樹脂。 該傳導性聚合物的水分散液包含聚乙浠二氧σ塞吩 20 (polyethylene dioxithiophene) (PEDOT) 〇 該水溶性黏結樹脂可以是選自於以下所構成的群組· 聚胺甲酸酯，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯，聚丙烯酸，聚乙稀醇， 聚乙稀縮醛(polyvinylacetal)，聚醋酸乙烯酯，以及其等之 一種混合物。 7 200817482 該水溶性烯烴為主的蠟可以是選自於以下所構成的群 組：乙烯為主的蠟，一種丙烯為主的樹脂，以及其等之一 種組合。 該氟化物為主的樹脂可以是選自於以下所構成的群 5 組·聚四氟乙浠’聚偏一氟乙稀(polyvinylidene fluoride)， 聚氟乙烯，聚三氟氯乙烯，四氟乙烯六氟丙烯共聚物，乙 烯四氟乙烯共聚物，乙烯三氟氣乙烯共聚物，四氟乙烯全 氟烷基乙烯基醚共聚物，全氟環狀聚合物，乙烯基醚氟烯 烴（vinyletherfluoroolefine)共聚物，乙烯基酯氟烯烴共聚 10 物，四氟乙烯乙烯基醚共聚物，三氟氣乙烯乙烯基醚共聚 物，一種四氟乙烯胺甲酸酯交聯劑，一種四氟乙烯環氧交 聯劑，一種四氟乙浠丙浠(tetrafluoroethyleneacryl)交聯劑， 以及一種四I乙稀三聚氰胺（tetrafluoroethylenemelamine) 交聯劑。 15 該醇溶劑可以包括選自於C1-C5脂肪族的醇所構成的 群組之至少一種的醇。 該官能性有機溶劑可以是選自於以下所構成的群組： 二甲亞颯，丙二醇甲醚，N-甲基吡咯酮，乙基-3-乙氧丙酸 酯，丙二醇曱_贈酸酯，丁基卡必醇(131^1〇&113^〇1)，以及 20 其等之一種混合物。 該方法可以進一步包括以水和醇的一種溶劑混合物予 以稀釋該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物。 依據本發明的傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物可以提供一種 容易且方便的製備一種傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜的方法，該 8 200817482 塗覆膜具有優良的抗靜電性質、污染控制的性能，以及可 印刷性。 t 較佳實施例之詳細說明 10 15 20 -種依據如本發明的料性聚合物塗覆組成物包括： 一種傳導性聚合物的-種水分餘1水分餘含有一種 聚嗟吩為主的聚合物化合物，—種聚私為主的聚合物化 合物，—種聚笨㈣主的聚合物化合物，或是其等之-種 混合物—種水溶性黏結樹脂；_種醇溶劑卜種官能性 有機溶劑；水；-種水雜_為主㈣；錢-種氟化 物為主的樹脂。 於依據本發明的傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物内該傳導 性聚合物提供-餘_的—表面1抗靜電性質以便於 移除-種3染源’如灰塵。—種傳導性聚合物的水分散液 係藉由分散或溶解-種配於水中的傳導性聚合物化合物予 以製備。該聚合物化合物的濃度可以是自G1㈣wt%的傳 導性聚合物塗覆組成物的範圍内。該料性聚合物可以是 -種聚嗟吩為主的聚合物化合物，—種聚舊為主的聚合 物化合物，一種聚苯胺為主的聚合物化合物，或是其等之 -種混合物。-種聚噻吩為主的化合物是更佳的。聚乙烯 一氧11 塞吩(PEDOT)是特別地佳的。 該水分散液可以是一種商業上可得的6吖以c〇•產品， 如·· Baytron P或Baytron PH。Baytron P是藉由添加聚苯乙 沐石頁酸(PSS)作用為一種換雜物至的一種水分散液而製備 9 200817482 的一種產品，其中配於水中的聚乙烯二氧噻吩(PEDOT)係 被分散的。於BaytronP中，PED0T的量是大約1.4%。 該傳導性聚合物水分散溶液的量可以是自1至30 wt% 的傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物的範圍内。當該傳導性聚合物 5 的水分散溶液的量係低於1 wt%時，一種要被形成的塗覆膜 的表面電阻可以增加，以及因而，一種要被形成的塗覆膜 可能具有低的抗靜電性質和低的電磁干擾遮蔽能力。另一 方面，當該傳導性聚合物的水分散液的量係大於30 wt% 時，該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物之塗覆性質可能減少而沒 10 有抗靜電性質的增加。 於如本發明之傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物内中，水溶性 黏結樹脂改善該傳導性聚合物的分散性以及一種要被形成 的塗覆膜的薄膜一致性，附著性質，和強度。該水溶性黏 結樹脂可以是選自於許多種類的常見的光固化或熱固性黏 15 結樹脂。水溶性黏結樹脂可以是：聚胺甲酸酯，聚甲基丙 烯酸甲酯，聚丙烯酸，聚乙烯醇，聚乙烯縮醛 (polyvinylacetal)，聚醋酸乙稀酯，或是其等之一種混合物。 該水溶性黏結樹脂最偏好是一種水溶性聚胺甲酸酯樹脂。 水溶性黏結樹脂的量可以是自5至25 wt%的傳導性聚 20 合物塗覆組成物的範圍内。當該傳導性聚合物的水分散溶 液的量係低於5 wt%時，一種要被形成的塗覆膜的薄膜一致 性、附著，和強度可能降低。另一方面，當該水溶性黏結 樹脂的量係大於25 wt%時，該傳導性聚合物的分散性可能 降低。 10 200817482 於如本發明之傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物内，醇溶劑的 量可以是自5至40 wt%的傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物的範圍 内。該醇溶劑可以允許該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物容易地 乾燥。該醇溶劑能是商業上被使用於一種傳導性聚合物塗 5 覆組成物内的任何醇化合物。該醇溶劑可以是選自於C1-C5 脂肪族的醇。較佳地，該醇溶劑能是甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇 (IPA)，或是其等之一種混合物。更佳地，該醇可以是乙醇 和異丙醇的一種溶劑混合物。 當該醇溶劑的量係低於5 wt%的該傳導性聚合物塗覆 10 組成物時，要乾燥該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物可能是困難 的。另一方面，當該醇溶劑的量係多於40 wt%時，該傳導 性聚合物的分散性可能是降低的以及表面電阻可能增加。 依據本發明的該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物可以進一步 包括，除了該醇溶劑之外，一種官能性有機溶劑以改善該 15 傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物之塗覆性質，如：溶解度、分散 性、乾燥，以及薄膜一致性。該官能性有機溶劑可以是 二甲亞颯(DMSO)、丙二醇甲醚（PGME)、N-曱基吡咯酮 (NMP)、乙基-3-乙氧丙酸酯（EEP)、丙二醇曱醚醋酸酯 (PGMEA)、丁基卡必醇(BC)，或是其等之一種混合物。舉 20 例而言，該官能性有機溶劑可以是DMSO。 該官能性有機溶劑的量可以是自5至30 wt%的該傳導 性聚合物塗覆組成物的範圍内，特別地，10至30 wt%的該 傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物的範圍内。當該官能性有機溶劑 的量係低於5 wt%時，該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物的塗覆性 11 200817482 質可能惡化以及一種要被形成的塗覆膜變成非均勻的。另 一方面，當該官能性有機溶劑的量係多於30 wt%時，要乾 燥該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物可能是困難的，而沒有塗覆 性質的改善。 5 於依據本發明的該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物内，該水 溶性稀烴為主的蠟可以是一種聚烯烴為主的蠟，其具有墨 水可印刷性和上漆附著性。該聚烯烴為主的蠟可以是一種 乙烯為主的蠟，一種丙烯為主的樹脂，或是其等之一種組 合。 10 該水溶性烯烴為主的蠟的量可以是自0.1至10 wt%的 該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物的範圍内。當該水溶性烯烴為 主的蠟的量是低於0.1 wt%的該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物 時，該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物的可印刷性可能降低，所 以以一種油性墨水印刷於一種要被形成的塗覆膜上是困難 15 的。另一方面，當該水溶性烯烴為主的蠟的量是多於10 wt% 時，要被形成的傳導性聚合物塗覆膜的抗靜電性質可能降 低，以及該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物的安定性也可能降低 以形成一種凝膠。 於依據本發明的該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物内，該氟 20 化物為主的樹脂改善介於一種基材和一種塗覆膜之間的一 種黏著力。該氟化物為主的樹脂可以是一種含氟基團的聚 合物，如：聚四氟乙稀、聚偏二氟乙烯、聚氟乙烯、聚三 氟氯乙烯、四氟乙烯六氟丙烯共聚物、乙烯四氟乙稀共聚 物、乙烯三氟氣乙烯共聚物、四氟乙烯全氟烷基乙烯基醚 12 200817482 共聚物、全氟環狀聚合物、乙烯基醚氟稀烴共聚物、乙稀 基酯氟稀烴共聚物、四氟乙烯乙稀基醚共聚物、三氟氣乙 烯乙烯基醚共聚物、一種四氟乙烯胺甲酸酯交聯劑、一種 四默乙稀環氧交聯劑、一種四氟乙晞丙嫦交聯劑，或是一 5 種四氟乙烯三聚氰胺交聯劑。在此等化合物之中，該氟化 物為主的樹脂是聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)是最適合的，由於其之 高黏著性。 該氟化物為主的樹脂的量可以是自0.001至5 wt%的該 傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物的範圍内。當該氟化物為主的樹 10 脂的量是低於0.001%時，一種有關於水的表面接觸角度可 能降低，所以一種要被形成的塗覆膜對於污染物可能具有 弱的電阻。另一方面5當該氣化物為主的樹脂的量是多於5 wt%時，對於污染物的電阻可能增加，藉此影響該可印刷 性所以要印刷一種油性墨水於一種要被形成的塗覆膜上可 15 能是困難的。 一種如本發明的傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物之一種製備 的方法現在將更詳盡地予以說明。 以上說明的組份是被均一地混合的以製備一種傳導性 聚合物塗覆組成物。於此混合製程中，水係被使用以分散 20 —種水溶性黏結劑以及該傳導性聚合物的一種水分散液。 被使用的水量係可以是自10至50 wt%的該傳導性聚合物塗 覆組成物的範圍内。 一種如本發明的傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜之一種形成的 方法現在將更詳盡地予以說明。 13 200817482 形成如本發明之一種傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜的方法包 括塗覆一種如本發明的傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物於一種基 材之上，以及乾無該塗覆的組成物。 於形成如本發明之一種傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜的方法 5中，該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物可以進一步地以水和乙醇 的一種溶液混合物予以稀釋以執行一種塗覆製程。舉例而 言，該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物，水，和乙醇可以以1:1:3 的一種比例予以混合以製備一種稀釋的溶液。 /種要被塗覆以該傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物之基材可 10以是/種有機聚合物基材，其係由聚酯，聚苯乙烯，聚醯 亞胺(polyimide)，聚醯胺，聚續酸酯，聚碳酸酯，聚丙稀 酸，聚乙稀’或是聚丙稀形成的。 該塗覆製程可以使用一種凹版印刷塗覆器，一種反向 塗覆器，或是一種輥式塗覆器予以執行。 15 獲得的塗覆膜可以於適合於各別的塗覆方法之乾燥條 件予以乾燥。舉例而言，該塗覆膜能於自6〇至12〇。(：的一溫 度下予以乾燥歷時5至120秒，較佳地自80至120。(：下歷時1〇 至100秒。更佳地，該塗覆膜可以於8(TC下予以乾燥歷時一 分鐘。 20 當乾燥和硬化溫度係低於60°C時，該塗覆膜可能是被 不充刀地乾燥的。另一方面，當乾燥和硬化溫度係多於 120C時，該塗覆膜的性質與在低於12〇它下乾燥的一種塗 覆膜的那些相比可能不會改善，形成該塗覆膜的成本是高 的，以及該塗覆形成製程由於高溫加熱而變成危險的。 200817482 當乾燥和硬化時間係低於5秒時，該塗覆膜可能是被不 充分地乾燥#。另-方面，當乾燥和硬化時間係多於12〇秒 時，該塗覆膜的性質與被乾燥歷時120或是較少秒的一種塗 覆膜的那些相比可能不會改善，以及該塗覆膜形成的成本 5 是高的。 至於抗靜電性質，依據如上說明的製程獲得的傳導性聚 合物的塗覆膜可以被控制以具有i χ 1〇1G或是更少的…口 (或Ω/sq)的一種表面電阻。於表面電阻係大於i χ ι〇ι〇 ω/〇 (或Ω/sq)的情況中，當該傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜係藉由剝下 1〇予以移除時，靜電出現，以及因而，灰塵或類似物可以附 著至戎傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜。再者，於傳導性聚合物的 塗覆膜自一種基材予以移除被應用至一種結晶顯示裝置的 情況中，液晶顯示裝置可以由於當傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜 自基材被去掉時發生的一種靜電荷而被惡化。 15 "亥傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜的接觸角度可以是8〇。或更 咼，特別地90。或更高。當該接觸角度係低於8〇。時，一種 液晶顯示裴置不能被防護免受製程中產生的污染物質。 使用如本發明之方法製備的傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜可 以具有0.75或更高的一種墨水可濕性。當傳導性聚合物的 塗覆膜之墨水可濕性係低於〇·75時，印刷墨水可能不被分 散。其間，塗覆膜的可印刷性可以是如此以致於當一種透 明膠V係被附著至一種印刷的塗覆膜以及接而以4 5。的一 角度被分離時，塗覆膜的印刷部分應該不被去掉。 本發明將被進一步地有關下面的實施例予以說明。此 15 200817482 等實施例僅僅是作例證的目的以及不意欲限制本發明的範 疇。 (比較實施例1) 塗覆組成物以及塗覆膜(抗靜電層）的製備 5 以重量計20份的水，以重量計20份的二甲亞礙，以重 量計10份的乙醇，和以重量計15份的異丙醇係被裝入至一 種混合谷為中’以及接而被混合歷時1小時。接著，以重量 計15份的水溶性聚胺甲酸酯樹脂係被添加至該處以及被混 合歷時1小時。接著，以重量計20份的聚乙烯二氧噻吩 10 (PEDOT)水分散液係被添加至該處以及被混合歷時1小時 以製備一種塗覆組成物。PEDOT水分散溶液是攙入聚苯乙 烯磺酸酯的由Byer Co.生產的Baytr(m p (PEDOT具有1.4 wt%的一濃度）（拜耳）。獲得的塗覆組成物係使用純水和乙 醇的一種溶劑混合物予以稀釋以獲得一種最終的塗覆溶液 15 (塗覆溶液:水：乙醇的重量比= 1:1:3)。最終的塗覆溶液係使 用一種塗佈棒予以塗覆於一種PET膜之上，以及接而在8(TC 下於一種加熱板上予以乾燥歷時丨分鐘以獲得一種塗覆膜。 (比較實施例2) 塗覆膜(抗靜電層/污染預防層）的製備 20 一種使用一種甲苯溶劑予以稀釋至20wt%的氟化物為 主的樹脂係利用一種塗佈棒被塗覆於依據比較實施例i製 備的塗覆膜之上，以及接而在8〇°c下於一種加熱板上予以 乾燥歷時1分鐘以製備一種被塗覆2次的塗覆膜。 (比較實施例3) 16 200817482 塗覆組成物和塗覆膜的製備 一種使用一種甲苯溶劑予以稀釋至2〇wt%的氟化物為 主的樹脂係被添加至依據比較實施例丨製備的塗覆組成物 中以及接著，被一起混合歷時1小時。於此時，稀釋的氟化 5物為主的樹脂的量是以重量計依據比較實施例1製備的塗 覆組成物之0.5份。獲得的塗覆組成物係使用純水和乙醇= 一種溶劑混合物予以稀釋以獲得一種最終的塗覆溶液（塗 覆溶液:水：乙醇的重量比是1:1:3。最終的塗覆溶液係使用一 種塗佈棒予以塗覆於一種PET膜之上，以及接而在8〇它下於 10 一種加熱板上予以乾燥歷時1分鐘以獲得一種塗覆膜。 (實施例1和2) 傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物以及塗覆膜的製備 塗覆組成物係以如於比較實施例丨中相同的方式予以 製備，除了之外一種添加劑係以於表丨中說明的一量予以添 15加以及被混合歷日寺1小時。製備的塗覆組成物係使用純水和 乙醇的一種溶劑混合物予以稀釋以獲得一種最終的塗覆溶 液（塗覆/谷液·水：乙醇= 1:1:3)。最終的、塗覆溶液係使用一種 塗佈棒予以塗覆於-種PET膜之上，以及接而在贼下於一 種加熱板上予以乾燥歷時丨分鐘以獲得一種塗覆膜。 20 17 200817482 表1 塗覆組成物的組成 氟化物為主的樹脂 (PTFE) 聚稀烴為主的堪 (PE) 塗覆製程的 數目 溶劑系統 (甲苯） 水系統 水系統 比較實施例1 - - - 一次 比較實施例2 0.5 wt% - 二次 比較實施例3 0.5 wt% - - 一次 實施例1 - 0.2 wt% 0.3 wt% 一次 實施例2 0.3 wt% 0.2 wt% 一次 塗覆膜的性質之測試 5 依據比較實施例1至3以及實施例1和2製備的塗覆膜的 表面電阻、接觸角度、墨水可濕性、印刷黏著，和透光度 係被測量。結果係被顯示於表2中。 (1) 表面電阻 表面電阻係使用一種由SIMCO Co.生產的ST-3測試器 10 予以測量。 (2) 接觸角度 接觸角度係使用由KRUSS Co.生產的DSA 100予以測 量。 (3) 墨水可濕性 15 墨水可濕性係利用被印刷於一種以電暈（corona)處理 的2-軸延伸聚酯膜之上的一種油性墨水的一個點的尺寸對 於係被印刷於一種塗覆膜樣品之上的一種油性墨水的一個 點的尺寸的一種比例予以鑑定，其係藉由一個方程式被提 18 200817482 供： 墨水可濕性=於一種塗覆膜樣品之上的一個點的尺寸/ 於2-軸延伸聚酯膜之上的一個點的尺寸。 (4) 印刷黏著 印刷黏著係藉由附著一種透明膠帶至印刷膜以及接而 以45的-角度將其剝下予以測量。接著，印獅著性的程 度係基於該印刷塗覆膜被去掉部份的量予以決定。 ◎:該印刷塗覆膜未被去掉； △:該印刷塗覆膜被部分地去掉； x:該印刷塗覆膜被完全地去掉。 (5) 透光度 透光度係利用PET膜在塗覆之前和之後的透光声的 例予以鑑定。 比 15 表2 塗覆膜的性質之測試 塗覆膜 塗覆組成物的狀態 立即在塗覆組成 物的製備之後 在之後， 24小時 表面電阻 (Ω〇 比較實施例1 良好 良好 lxlO6 比較實施例2 良好 良好 lx 106 比較實施例3 良好 凝膠化 lx 106 實施例1 良好 良好 lx 106 實施例2 良好 良好 塗覆膜的性質 (度。）I可:¾性 97 ---— 102 I 96 1.00 ^、 〇.9〇 ---^ 0.72 〇.9〇 〇.9〇 印刷 透光度 (%) ◎ 99 ◎ 99 X 99 ◎ 99 ◎ " 至於比較實施例1，也就疋，當只有一種抗靜泰 成時，塗覆膜顯示一種優良的抗靜電性質但是具有 層被形一種關 19 200817482 於水的低接觸角度，以及因而，該塗覆膜容易地被污染。 其間，依據比較實施例2之製備塗覆膜的方法，其通常係被 使用於有關的技藝中，包括一種形成一種抗靜電層的製程 以及一種形成一種污染預防層的製程。那就是，塗覆製程 5 被執行2次，以及因而，形成成本是高的。依據比較實施例 3製備的塗覆組成物係藉由組合比較實施例1和2予以製 備。依據比較實施例3製備的塗覆組成物能立刻在該塗覆組 成物被製備之後被使用，但是在24小時之後，變成一種凝 膠以使得塗覆組成物不能被使用於一種形成一種塗覆膜的 10 方法中。 依據實施例1和2製備的塗覆組成物顯示出一種優良的 抗靜電性質、90。或更多的接觸角度，以及0.8或更多的墨水 可濕性。此外，塗覆膜的印刷部分在被附著至該處的透明 膠帶被去掉時不會被去掉，以及顯示出優良的透光度。那 15 就是，具有一種優良的抗靜電性質，一種優良的墨水可濕 性，以及一種附著性質之一種傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜能藉 由以一種一組份傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物予以塗覆一次而 製備，其包括一種提供一種污染控制的性能和可印刷性之 添加劑。該塗覆膜係適合於一種顯示裝置的一表面保護 20 膜，其係被形成為大尺寸的。 如上說明的，具有一種優良的抗靜電性質、優良的墨 水可濕性，和一種污染控制的性能之一種傳導性聚合物的 塗覆膜可以使用一種如本發明的傳導性聚合物塗覆組成物 而簡單且容易地被形成。依據本發明的傳導性聚合物塗覆 20 200817482 組成物是一種組份的組成物的種類。結果，使用該傳導性 聚合物塗覆組成物而形成一表面保護膜的方法係不昂貴以 及完全快速的。此外，依據本發明的該傳導性聚合物塗覆 組成物包括一種水溶性溶劑以及因而，是環保的。一種自 5 依據本發明之方法獲得的傳導性聚合物的塗覆膜具有作為 一種顯示器，如LCD，的保護膜適合的塗覆和光學性質。 縱然本發明已經特別地有關其等之例示實施例予以顯 示和說明，本技藝中具有通常技藝的那些人可以瞭解到各 種各樣於形式和細節上的改變可以於其中被做到而不背離 10 由下面的申請專利範圍所定義的本發明的精神和範疇。 【圖式簡單說明3 (無） 【主要元件符號說明】 (無） 21200817482 IX. Invention Description: [Technology of the invention of the invention] 3 cross-reference to the relevant application. This application claims to the Korean Intellectual Property Office, on August 25, 2007, the Korean Patent Application No. 10- The priority of 2006-0081166, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a conductive polymer coating composition, a method of preparing a coating film using the conductive polymer coating composition, 10 and a coating film prepared by the method, and In particular, a conductive polymer coating composition for a film of 4, a method for preparing a coating film having a pollution control property and a high printability of a seed, and a coating prepared by the method Laminating. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conventionally, in the process of manufacturing a display device such as a film, a protective film is attached to the outermost surface of a liquid crystal panel to protect, for example, the surface of a polarizing plate. In the meantime, finger marks, fingerprints, or other marks can be attached to the surface protective film. In addition, dust or tiny fragments of various foreign entities can also adhere to the surface protective film. Thus, the surface protective film should have a pollution control property and an antistatic property to easily remove marks, dust, or foreign solids therefrom. A surface protective film can be attached to many kinds of polarizing plates. In order to recognize 5 200817482, the type of polarizing plate, the brand name or the axial direction is printed on the polarizing plate, or the necessary information is provided in the bar code. Moreover, the surface protective films require an ability to control the performance against contamination, to allow the ink to disperse thereon, adhere thereto, and not to be separated, 5 even when the printing ink is weakly wiped off. In other words, the surface protective film requires printability. In this regard, an antistatic layer having an antistatic property can be formed on a plastic substrate, such as PET, and then, a layer having a property of pollution control and printability can be formed on the electrostatic layer. (Refer to the 1st test of the private country's early public case number 2003-0012766). Printability can also be obtained using an antistatic material which is formed primarily from a surfactant in the form of a tertiary ammonium divalent form. However, such compliant films are not suitable for high-tech displays, such as due to their limited antistatic properties. 5 [Contents of the Invention] Summary of the Invention The present invention provides a conductive polymer coating composition which provides a protective film having a property of controlling pollution and printability. The present invention also provides a method of coating a composition film of a conductive polymer with the conductive polymer by using the conductive polymer, which is more than a conventional method for forming a coating film including Simple and cheap. The present invention also provides a coating film of a conductive polymer prepared by the method. According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a protective film-transferring 6 200817482 polymer coating composition comprising: an aqueous dispersion of a conductive polymer, The aqueous dispersion contains a polythiophene-based polymer compound, a polypyrrole-based polymer compound, a polyaniline-based polymer compound, or a mixture thereof; a water-soluble binder resin; Alcohol solvent; a functional organic solvent; water; a water-soluble olefin-based wax; and a fluoride-based resin. According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of forming a coating film of a conductive polymer, the method comprising: coating a conductive polymer coating composition according to the above description on a substrate And drying the coated composition. According to another aspect of the present invention, a coating film of a conductive polymer prepared by the method described above can be provided. The conductive polymer coating composition comprises: 1 to 30 wt% of an aqueous dispersion of a 15-conducting polymer; 5 to 25 wt% of a water-soluble binder resin; and 5 to 40 wt% of an alcohol a solvent; 5 to 30 wt% of a functional organic solvent; 10 to 50 wt% of water; 0.1 to 1 wt% of a water-soluble olefin-based wax; and 〇·〇〇1 to 5% of a fluorine a compound-based resin. The aqueous dispersion of the conductive polymer comprises polyethylene dioxithiophene (PEDOT). The water-soluble adhesive resin may be selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes. Polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyethylene glycol, polyvinylacetal, polyvinyl acetate, and a mixture thereof. 7 200817482 The water-soluble olefin-based wax may be selected from the group consisting of an ethylene-based wax, a propylene-based resin, and a combination thereof. The fluoride-based resin may be selected from the group consisting of polytetradecylidene polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene. Hexafluoropropylene copolymer, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, ethylene trifluoroethylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, perfluoro cyclic polymer, vinyl ether fluoroolefin copolymer , vinyl ester fluoroolefin copolymer 10, tetrafluoroethylene vinyl ether copolymer, trifluoroethylene vinyl ether copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene carbamate crosslinker, a tetrafluoroethylene epoxy crosslink A tetrafluoroethylene propylene crosslinker and a tetrafluoroethylene melamine crosslinker. The alcohol solvent may include an alcohol selected from at least one of the group consisting of C1-C5 aliphatic alcohols. The functional organic solvent may be selected from the group consisting of dimethyl hydrazine, propylene glycol methyl ether, N-methylpyrrolidone, ethyl-3-ethoxypropionate, propylene glycol hydrazine , butyl carbitol (131^1〇 & 113^〇1), and a mixture of 20 thereof. The method can further comprise pretreating the conductive polymer coating composition with a solvent mixture of water and alcohol. The conductive polymer coating composition according to the present invention can provide an easy and convenient method for preparing a coating film of a conductive polymer, which has excellent antistatic properties and pollution control properties. And printability. t DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT 10 15 20 - A material-based polymer coating composition according to the present invention comprises: a conductive polymer - a moisture residue, a moisture content containing a polybenz-based polymerization a compound, a polymer compound mainly composed of polyglybdenum, a polymer compound of a poly(4) main group, or a mixture of the same, a water-soluble binder resin; a solvent-based organic solvent ; water; - a variety of water _ mainly (four); money - a fluoride-based resin. The conductive polymer in the conductive polymer coating composition according to the present invention provides a surface 1 antistatic property to facilitate removal of a source of dye, such as dust. An aqueous dispersion of a conductive polymer is prepared by dispersing or dissolving a conductive polymer compound formulated in water. The concentration of the polymer compound may be in the range of G1 (four) wt% of the conductive polymer coating composition. The material polymer may be a polymer compound mainly composed of polybenzazole, a polymer compound mainly composed of polyglycol, a polymer compound mainly composed of polyaniline, or a mixture thereof. A polythiophene-based compound is more preferred. Polyethylene Oxygen 11 phenanthrene (PEDOT) is particularly preferred. The aqueous dispersion can be a commercially available 6 吖 product, such as Baytron P or Baytron PH. Baytron P is a product of 2008 17482, which is formulated with a polyethylene dioxythiophene (PEDOT) system in water, by adding polyphenylemene sulphate (PSS) as an aqueous dispersion to a foreign matter. Being dispersed. In Baytron P, the amount of PEDOT is about 1.4%. The amount of the conductive polymer aqueous dispersion solution may be in the range of from 1 to 30 wt% of the conductive polymer coating composition. When the amount of the aqueous dispersion solution of the conductive polymer 5 is less than 1% by weight, the surface resistance of a coating film to be formed may be increased, and thus, a coating film to be formed may have a low Antistatic properties and low electromagnetic interference shielding. On the other hand, when the amount of the aqueous dispersion of the conductive polymer is more than 30% by weight, the coating properties of the conductive polymer coating composition may be reduced without an increase in antistatic properties. In the conductive polymer coating composition of the present invention, the water-soluble binder resin improves the dispersibility of the conductive polymer and the film uniformity, adhesion property, and strength of a coating film to be formed. The water-soluble adhesive resin may be a photocurable or thermosetting adhesive resin selected from many types. The water-soluble binder resin may be: a polyurethane, a polymethyl methacrylate, a polyacrylic acid, a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinylacetal, a polyvinyl acetate, or a mixture thereof. The water-soluble binder resin is most preferably a water-soluble polyurethane resin. The amount of the water-soluble binder resin may be in the range of from 5 to 25 wt% of the conductive polymer coating composition. When the amount of the aqueous dispersion of the conductive polymer is less than 5 wt%, the film uniformity, adhesion, and strength of a coating film to be formed may be lowered. On the other hand, when the amount of the water-soluble binder resin is more than 25% by weight, the dispersibility of the conductive polymer may be lowered. 10 200817482 In the conductive polymer coating composition of the present invention, the amount of the alcohol solvent may be in the range of from 5 to 40% by weight of the conductive polymer coating composition. The alcohol solvent can allow the conductive polymer coating composition to be easily dried. The alcohol solvent can be any alcohol compound that is commercially used in a conductive polymer coating composition. The alcohol solvent may be an alcohol selected from the group consisting of C1-C5 aliphatic. Preferably, the alcohol solvent can be methanol, ethanol, isopropanol (IPA), or a mixture thereof. More preferably, the alcohol may be a solvent mixture of ethanol and isopropanol. When the amount of the alcohol solvent is less than 5 wt% of the conductive polymer-coated composition, it may be difficult to dry the conductive polymer coating composition. On the other hand, when the amount of the alcohol solvent is more than 40% by weight, the dispersibility of the conductive polymer may be lowered and the surface resistance may increase. The conductive polymer coating composition according to the present invention may further comprise, in addition to the alcohol solvent, a functional organic solvent to improve coating properties of the 15 conductive polymer coating composition, such as solubility, Dispersibility, drying, and film consistency. The functional organic solvent may be dimethyl hydrazine (DMSO), propylene glycol methyl ether (PGME), N-mercaptopyrrolidone (NMP), ethyl-3-ethoxypropionate (EEP), propylene glycol oxime ether acetate. Ester (PGMEA), butyl carbitol (BC), or a mixture thereof. In 20 cases, the functional organic solvent may be DMSO. The amount of the functional organic solvent may be in the range of from 5 to 30% by weight of the conductive polymer coating composition, in particular, from 10 to 30% by weight of the conductive polymer coating composition. . When the amount of the functional organic solvent is less than 5 wt%, the coatability of the conductive polymer coating composition may deteriorate and a coating film to be formed becomes non-uniform. On the other hand, when the amount of the functional organic solvent is more than 30% by weight, it may be difficult to dry the conductive polymer coating composition without improvement in coating properties. 5 In the conductive polymer coating composition according to the present invention, the water-soluble dilute hydrocarbon-based wax may be a polyolefin-based wax having ink printability and lacquer adhesion. The polyolefin-based wax may be an ethylene-based wax, a propylene-based resin, or a combination thereof. The amount of the water-soluble olefin-based wax may be in the range of from 0.1 to 10% by weight of the conductive polymer coating composition. When the amount of the water-soluble olefin-based wax is less than 0.1% by weight of the conductive polymer coating composition, the printability of the conductive polymer coating composition may be lowered, so that an oil-based ink is used. Printing on a coated film to be formed is difficult. On the other hand, when the amount of the water-soluble olefin-based wax is more than 10% by weight, the antistatic property of the conductive polymer coating film to be formed may be lowered, and the conductive polymer coating composition The stability of the substance may also be lowered to form a gel. In the conductive polymer coating composition according to the present invention, the fluorine-based resin improves an adhesion between a substrate and a coating film. The fluoride-based resin may be a fluorine-containing polymer such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene hexafluoropropylene copolymer. , ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, ethylene trifluoroethylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether 12 200817482 copolymer, perfluoro cyclic polymer, vinyl ether fluorocarbon copolymer, ethylene A fluorocarbon copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene ethylene ether copolymer, a trifluoroethylene vinyl ether copolymer, a tetrafluoroethylene urethane crosslinker, and a tetramethine epoxy crosslinking agent , a tetrafluoroethylene hydrazine crosslinker, or a five tetrafluoroethylene melamine crosslinker. Among these compounds, the fluorine-based resin is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) which is most suitable because of its high adhesion. The amount of the fluoride-based resin may be in the range of from 0.001 to 5 wt% of the conductive polymer coating composition. When the amount of the fluoride-based tree 10 is less than 0.001%, a surface contact angle with respect to water may be lowered, so a coating film to be formed may have weak resistance to contaminants. On the other hand, when the amount of the vapor-based resin is more than 5 wt%, the electric resistance to the contaminant may increase, thereby affecting the printability, so that an oily ink is printed on a coating to be formed. It can be difficult to cover the film. A method of preparing a conductive polymer coating composition of the present invention will now be described in more detail. The components described above were uniformly mixed to prepare a conductive polymer coating composition. In this mixing process, a water system is used to disperse 20 water-soluble binders and an aqueous dispersion of the conductive polymer. The amount of water used may be in the range of from 10 to 50% by weight of the conductive polymer coating composition. A method of forming a coating film of a conductive polymer according to the present invention will now be described in more detail. 13 200817482 A method of forming a coating film of a conductive polymer according to the present invention comprising coating a conductive polymer coating composition according to the present invention on a substrate, and drying the composition without the coating . In the method 5 of forming a coating film of a conductive polymer according to the present invention, the conductive polymer coating composition may be further diluted with a solution mixture of water and ethanol to carry out a coating process. For example, the conductive polymer coating composition, water, and ethanol may be mixed in a ratio of 1:1:3 to prepare a diluted solution. The substrate to be coated with the conductive polymer coating composition may be an organic polymer substrate, which is composed of polyester, polystyrene, polyimide, poly Indoleamine, polyacrylate, polycarbonate, polyacrylic acid, polyethylene, or polypropylene. The coating process can be carried out using a gravure coater, a reverse coater, or a roll coater. 15 The obtained coating film can be dried in a drying condition suitable for the respective coating method. For example, the coating film can be from 6 〇 to 12 〇. (: drying at a temperature for 5 to 120 seconds, preferably from 80 to 120. (: 1 to 100 seconds thereafter. More preferably, the coating film can be dried at 8 (TC). Min. 20 When the drying and hardening temperature is lower than 60 ° C, the coated film may be dried without a knife. On the other hand, when the drying and hardening temperature is more than 120 C, the coated film The properties may not improve as compared to those of a coated film which is dried below 12 Torr, the cost of forming the coated film is high, and the coating forming process becomes dangerous due to high temperature heating. When the drying and hardening time is less than 5 seconds, the coating film may be insufficiently dried. On the other hand, when the drying and hardening time is more than 12 sec seconds, the properties of the coating film are The drying may last for 120 or less seconds of a coating film, and the cost of forming the coating film is high. As for the antistatic property, the conductive polymerization obtained according to the process as explained above. The coated film of the object can be controlled to have i χ 1〇1G or more a surface resistance of (or Ω/sq). When the surface resistance is greater than i χ ι〇ι〇ω/〇 (or Ω/sq), when the conductive polymer is coated When removed by peeling off 1 ,, static electricity is generated, and thus, dust or the like can be attached to the coating film of the conductive polymer. Further, the coating film of the conductive polymer is applied to a substrate. In the case where the removal is applied to a crystal display device, the liquid crystal display device can be deteriorated due to an electrostatic charge which occurs when the coating film of the conductive polymer is removed from the substrate. 15 "Heil Conductive Polymerization The contact angle of the coated film of the object may be 8 Å or more, particularly 90% or higher. When the contact angle is less than 8 Å, a liquid crystal display device cannot be protected from the process. Contaminant. The coating film of the conductive polymer prepared by the method of the present invention may have an ink wettability of 0.75 or higher. When the coating film of the conductive polymer has a lower ink wettability At 〇·75, the printing ink may not be dispersed. The printability of the coated film may be such that when a transparent adhesive V is attached to a printed coated film and then separated at an angle of 45, the printed portion of the coated film should be The present invention will be further described with respect to the following examples. The examples of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. (Comparative Example 1) Coating compositions and Preparation of Coating Film (Antistatic Layer) 5 20 parts by weight of water, 20 parts by weight of dimethicone, 10 parts by weight of ethanol, and 15 parts by weight of isopropanol The mixture was charged into a mixed valley and then mixed for 1 hour. Then, 15 parts by weight of a water-soluble polyurethane resin was added thereto and mixed for 1 hour. Next, 20 parts by weight of a polyethylene dioxythiophene 10 (PEDOT) aqueous dispersion was added thereto and mixed for 1 hour to prepare a coating composition. The PEDOT aqueous dispersion solution is Baytr (mp (PEDOT has a concentration of 1.4 wt%) (Bayer) produced by Byer Co., which is impregnated with polystyrene sulfonate. The obtained coating composition is pure water and ethanol. A solvent mixture is diluted to obtain a final coating solution 15 (coating solution: water:ethanol weight ratio = 1:1:3). The final coating solution is applied to a PET using a coating bar. Above the film, and then dried on a hot plate at 8 (TC) for a minute to obtain a coating film. (Comparative Example 2) Preparation of a coating film (antistatic layer/contamination prevention layer) 20 A fluoride-based resin diluted to 20% by weight with a toluene solvent is applied to the coated film prepared according to Comparative Example i using a coating bar, and then at 8 ° C A hot plate was dried for 1 minute to prepare a coated film which was applied twice. (Comparative Example 3) 16 200817482 Preparation of coating composition and coating film A dilution was carried out to 2 Torr using a toluene solvent. Wt% of fluoride-based resin is added To the coating composition prepared according to Comparative Example 以及 and then, they were mixed together for 1 hour. At this time, the amount of the diluted fluorinated 5-based resin was determined by weight according to Comparative Example 1. 0.5 parts of the composition was applied. The obtained coating composition was diluted with pure water and ethanol = a solvent mixture to obtain a final coating solution (coating solution: water: ethanol weight ratio was 1:1: 3. The final coating solution was applied to a PET film using a coating bar, and then dried on 10 hot plates under 8 Torr for 1 minute to obtain a coating film. Examples 1 and 2) Preparation of Conductive Polymer Coating Composition and Coating Film The coating composition was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example, except that one of the additives was used in the expression. The indicated amount is added 15 plus and mixed with Liri Temple for 1 hour. The prepared coating composition is diluted with a solvent mixture of pure water and ethanol to obtain a final coating solution (coating/grain) Water: B = 1:1:3). The final coating solution is applied to the PET film using a coating bar, and then dried on a hot plate under a thief for a minute to obtain a Coating film 20 17 200817482 Table 1 Composition of coating composition Fluoride-based resin (PTFE) Polythene-based (PE) coating process number Solvent system (toluene) Water system water system comparison implementation Example 1 - - - One comparison Example 2 0.5 wt% - Secondary comparison Example 3 0.5 wt% - - One-time Example 1 - 0.2 wt% 0.3 wt% One-time Example 2 0.3 wt% 0.2 wt% Primary coating film Test of the nature 5 The surface resistance, contact angle, ink wettability, print adhesion, and transmittance of the coated films prepared according to Comparative Examples 1 to 3 and Examples 1 and 2 were measured. The results are shown in Table 2. (1) Surface resistance The surface resistance was measured using an ST-3 tester 10 manufactured by SIMCO Co. (2) Contact angle The contact angle was measured using a DSA 100 manufactured by KRUSS Co. (3) Ink wettability 15 Ink wettability is determined by the size of a dot of an oily ink printed on a corona-treated 2-axis stretched polyester film. A ratio of the dimensions of a point of an oily ink over a coated film sample is identified by an equation 18 200817482 for: ink wettability = at a point above a coated film sample Dimensions / Dimensions of a point above the 2-axis extended polyester film. (4) Printing Adhesive The printing adhesive is measured by attaching a scotch tape to the printing film and peeling it off at a 45-angle. Next, the degree of the lion's sexuality is determined based on the amount of the printed coating film removed. ◎: the printing coating film was not removed; Δ: the printing coating film was partially removed; x: the printing coating film was completely removed. (5) Transmittance Transmittance was identified by an example of a light-transmitting sound of a PET film before and after coating. Ratio 15 Table 2 Properties of the coated film Test The state of the coating film coating composition Immediately after the preparation of the coating composition, after 24 hours surface resistance (Ω 〇 Comparative Example 1 Good good lxlO6 Comparative Example 2 Good good lx 106 Comparative Example 3 Good gelation lx 106 Example 1 Good good lx 106 Example 2 Properties of a good good coated film (degrees.) I can be: 3⁄4 sex 97 --- 102 I 96 1.00 ^ 〇.9〇---^ 0.72 〇.9〇〇.9〇Printing transmittance (%) ◎ 99 ◎ 99 X 99 ◎ 99 ◎ " As for Comparative Example 1, it is 疋, when there is only one kind of resistance At the time of Jingtaicheng, the coating film showed an excellent antistatic property but had a layer formed with a low contact angle of water, and thus, the coating film was easily contaminated. Meanwhile, according to Comparative Example 2 A method of preparing a coated film, which is generally used in the related art, includes a process for forming an antistatic layer and a process for forming a contamination preventing layer. That is, the coating process 5 is performed twice to And thus, the formation cost was high. The coating composition prepared according to Comparative Example 3 was prepared by combining Comparative Examples 1 and 2. The coating composition prepared according to Comparative Example 3 can be immediately applied in the coating. The composition was used after preparation, but after 24 hours, it became a gel so that the coating composition could not be used in a method of forming a coating film. The coating composition prepared according to Examples 1 and 2 The article exhibits an excellent antistatic property, a contact angle of 90 or more, and an ink wettability of 0.8 or more. Further, the printed portion of the coated film is removed when the scotch tape attached thereto is removed Will not be removed, and show excellent transparency. That is, a coating film with an excellent antistatic property, an excellent ink wettability, and an adhesive property can be borrowed. Prepared by coating once with a component of a conductive polymer coating composition comprising an additive that provides a property of contamination control and printability. A surface protection 20 film suitable for a display device, which is formed into a large size. As described above, it has an excellent antistatic property, excellent ink wettability, and a conductivity-conducting property. The coated film of the polymer can be formed simply and easily using a conductive polymer coating composition of the present invention. Conductive polymer coating according to the present invention 20 200817482 The composition is a component composition The type of the object. As a result, the method of forming the surface protective film by coating the composition with the conductive polymer is inexpensive and completely fast. Furthermore, the conductive polymer coating composition according to the present invention comprises a water-soluble solvent and, therefore, is environmentally friendly. A coated film of a conductive polymer obtained by the method of the present invention has a suitable coating and optical properties as a protective film of a display such as an LCD. Even though the invention has been shown and described with respect to exemplary embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art can appreciate that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the invention. The spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the scope of the following claims. [Simple description of the figure 3 (none) [Explanation of main component symbols] (None) 21