200807837 九、發明說明： ，【發明所屬之技術領域】 •本發明係關於一種電氣設備保護裝置。 【先前技術】 般電氣設備之供電系統基本係採用火線 目前，一 線及地線之二線接入標準，其中火線與水線用於供電，地 線用於接地。由於現在用電網絡大多都是交流電網，在句 設交流電網時，由於種種原因，例如在接線時粗心大意， 接=電，’周之火線與水線很有可能會被接反，從而給用戶和 電氣设備造成極大之安全隱患。 因疋，實有必要對習知《電氣設備之供電系、统加以改 進，以消除上述缺失。 【發明内容】 鐾於以上内合’有必要提供—種可以偵測接入電線中 火線與水線是否接反之電氣設備㈣裝置。 源中：Ϊ?氣設備保護裝置’用於债測一電氣設備接入電 纽、水線之接人情況，其包括—制電路及-控制 t之Γ㈣路之—㈣於連接歡線與树，該偵^ 該控制電路相連，該控制電路之-端亦用 之對應端相遠1線’該控制電路之另—端與該電氣設備 測所i之反饋路⑽侧該火線與水線並將偵 饋訊號控制該火二：缘;=電路’該控制電路根據反 線與該電軋設備之間之通斷。 目&於習知技術’當該電氣設備透過該電氣設備保護 200807837 裝置與外界電源連接後，透過該偵測電路偵測出該外界電 $火線與水線之接入情況，並反饋給該控制電路使其在火 線與水線接反之狀態下斷開電氣設備與外界電源之連接， 從而报好地保護了該電氣設備免遭損壞。 【實施方式】 本發明電氣設備保護裝置用於偵測 一參閱圖 氣設備10之電源接入端火線L與水線N之接入情況 1係指電源接入端之標示，而不是指實際線路），其較佳實 施方式包括一偵測電路20、一控制電路3〇及一報馨器 其中’該摘測電路20之一端用於連接該電源接/端之 火線L與水線N，該偵測電路20之另—端連接於該控制 電路30，該控制電路3〇之—端亦用於連接該火線l與水 線N，該控制電路3〇之另一端與該電氣設備之對應端 相連，電源接入端之地、線G可直接與該電氣設冑1〇 ^對 應端相連。當該電氣設備1G透過該電氣設備保護裝置 部電源連接後’如果該火線L與水線U有接反，則該谓 則電路20將痛測到之訊號反饋給該控制電路％使該火線 L與水線N直接與該電氣設備1()之對應端相連，如果該 火線L與水線N被接反，職彳貞測電路2()將偵測到之訊 歧饋給該㈣電路3〇使該控料路3Q_該火線[與 線N與該電氣5又備1()之連接。該控制電路％還連接該 ^警器4〇，當該火線L與水線N接反時，該控制電路3°〇 要選用指示燈來替代$報警"4〇亦可根據實際需 200807837 圖2為本實施方式之具體電路圖，該偵測電路包括 ，直抓轉換電路22及一開關電路24，該控制電路3〇為由 了電感線圈τ和兩單刀雙擲開關K1、K2組成之一繼電器， 該電感線圈τ用於控制該兩單刀雙擲開關K1、Κ2。 該直流轉換電路22包括由一第一電阻R1、一第二電 阻R2、一第三電阻R3、一第四電阻R4組成之一分壓比較 電路，由兩二極體D1、D2組成之一半波整流電路；由兩 電合Cl、C2組成之一濾波電路；由一齊納二極體組成 之一穩壓電路及一限流電阻R5，該限流電阻R5連接於該 齊納二極體D3之陰極與該開關電路24之間。本實施方式 中，該第一電阻R1與第二電阻R2串聯後連接於該直流轉 換電路22之輸入端A1、A2之間，該第三電阻R3與第四 電阻R4串聯後亦連接於該直流轉換電路22之輸入端A1、 亡2 一之間，該第一電阻R1與第二電阻R2之間之節點及該 第二電阻R3與第四電阻R4之間之節點與該半波整流電路 相連，該第一電阻R1、第二電阻R2、第三電阻R3、第四 電阻R4之電阻值之關係設定為第一電阻ri與第四電阻 R4之電阻值相等，第二電阻R2與第三電阻R3之電阻值 相等，第一電阻R1之電阻值大於第二電阻R2之電阻值。 該開關電路24包括由一發光二極體D4和一光電晶體 Q1組成之一光電耦合器242、一電晶體Q2、一電阻R6及 —直流電源VCC。其中，該直流轉換電路22之輸入端A1、 八2分別用於連接該火線L與水線N，該直流轉換電路22 之輪出端Bl、B2分別連接該光電耦合器242中發光二極 7 200807837 體D4之陽極及陰極，該光電晶體Q1之射極接地，集極接 該電阻R6後接該直流電源VCC，該光電晶體qi之集極 還連接該電晶體Q2之閘極，該電晶體〇2之源極接該直流 電源VCC，該電晶體Q2之汲極接該電感線圈τ之一端， 該電感線圈Τ之另一端接地，在正常狀態下，該兩單刀雙 擲開關ΚΙ、Κ2之一觸頭分別用於將該火線L與水線Ν與 該電氣设備10之對應端相連，該兩單刀雙擲開關K1、 之另一觸頭分別接於該報警器40之兩端。 當該電氣設備10透過該電氣設備保護裝置與外部電 源連接後，如果該火線L與水線Ν與實際之線路係相匹配 的，則該直流轉換電路22不會輸出直流電源訊號（由第一 電阻R1、第一電阻R2、苐二電阻R3、第四電阻R4對該 火線L與水線Ν兩端電壓之分壓關係易知），進而就不會 對該光電耦合器242產生作用。如果該火線L與水線1^與 實際之線路係不匹配的，即處於接反狀態，則該直流轉換 電路^會輸出一直流電源訊號，該直流電源訊號使該光電 耦合益242中之電晶體Q1導通，然後該電晶體Q2亦導 ^從而作用於該電感線圈T使該兩單刀雙擲開關κι、 K2$從一觸頭跳轉到另一觸頭，此時該火線l與水線ν與 該私氣叹備10之對應端被斷開，同時該報警器3〇之兩端 ”該火線L與水線Ν相連，從而觸發該報警器3〇報警。 、應用該電氣設備保護裝置可有效偵測電氣設備接入電 ，中之火線與水線之接入情況，並在火線與水線接反之狀 態下斷開電源，從而消除了安全隱患。該電氣設備保護裝 8 200807837 置不僅可以設置在電氣設備之電源接人端，還可以直接嵌 今開關、插座等設備中起相患未然之仙，或者單獨作 為-測試治具，用以直接測量電源接人端尹之火線與水線 之接入情況。 綜上所述，本發明符合發明專利要件，爰依法提出專 利申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施方式，舉 凡熟悉本案技藝之人士，在爰依本發明精神所作之等效修 飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範圍内。 ^ 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係本發明電氣設備保護裝置之較佳實施方式之 路原理框圖。 ' 圖2係圖1之電路圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 電氣設備 10 直流轉換電路 22 第二電阻 R2 第四電阻 R4 電容 Cl、C2 開關電路 24 發光二極體 D4 電阻 R6 電晶體 Q2 早刀雙掷開關 ΚΙ、K2200807837 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to an electrical equipment protection device. [Prior Art] The power supply system of general electrical equipment is basically fire line. At present, the first line of the first line and the ground line are connected to the standard, in which the live line and the water line are used for power supply, and the ground line is used for grounding. Since most of the current electricity networks are all AC power grids, when the AC power grid is set up, for various reasons, such as carelessness during wiring, the connection between the power and the water line is likely to be reversed, thus giving Users and electrical equipment pose a significant safety hazard. Because of this, it is necessary to improve the conventional power supply system of electrical equipment to eliminate the above-mentioned shortcomings. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a type of device that can detect whether the fire and water lines in the access wire are connected to the electrical device (4). Source: Ϊ? gas equipment protection device 'for debt measurement, electrical equipment access to the electric button, the water line access situation, including - circuit and control t (four) road - (d) in the connection of Huanxian and tree The control circuit is connected to the control circuit, and the corresponding end of the control circuit is also used with the corresponding end of the line 1 'the other end of the control circuit and the electrical device detects the feedback line (10) side of the fire line and the water line The detection signal is controlled to control the fire 2: edge; = circuit 'The control circuit is based on the continuity between the reverse line and the electric rolling equipment. When the electrical equipment is connected to the external power source through the electrical equipment protection 200807837 device, the detection circuit detects the access of the external power line and the water line, and feeds back to the The control circuit disconnects the electrical device from the external power source in the reverse state of the live wire and the waterline, thereby protecting the electrical device from damage. [Embodiment] The electrical equipment protection device of the present invention is used for detecting the access condition of the power line access line L and the water line N of the power supply device 10, and refers to the indication of the power source access terminal, instead of referring to the actual line. The preferred embodiment includes a detection circuit 20, a control circuit 3A, and a reed device, wherein one end of the off-circuit circuit 20 is used to connect the fire line L and the water line N of the power connection/end, the detection The other end of the measuring circuit 20 is connected to the control circuit 30. The end of the control circuit 3 is also used to connect the live wire 1 and the water line N, and the other end of the control circuit 3 is connected to the corresponding end of the electrical device. The ground of the power access terminal and the line G can be directly connected to the corresponding end of the electrical device. When the electrical device 1G is connected through the power supply of the electrical equipment protection device, if the fire line L is connected to the water line U, the circuit 20 feeds back the pain signal to the control circuit to make the fire line L. And the water line N is directly connected to the corresponding end of the electrical device 1 (), if the fire line L and the water line N are reversed, the job detection circuit 2 () feeds the detected signal to the (4) circuit 3 The connection line 3Q_ is connected to the line N and the electric unit 5 is further provided. The control circuit % is also connected to the alarm device 4〇. When the fire line L is connected to the water line N, the control circuit 3° selects an indicator light instead of the “alarm” "4〇, according to the actual need 200807837 2 is a specific circuit diagram of the embodiment, the detection circuit includes a direct capture conversion circuit 22 and a switch circuit 24, the control circuit 3 is a relay composed of an inductor coil τ and two single-pole double-throw switches K1, K2 The inductor τ is used to control the two single-pole double-throw switches K1 and Κ2. The DC conversion circuit 22 includes a voltage division comparison circuit composed of a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4. The half-wave is composed of two diodes D1 and D2. a rectifying circuit; a filtering circuit composed of two electric Cl and C2; a voltage stabilizing circuit composed of a Zener diode and a current limiting resistor R5 connected to the Zener diode D3 Between the cathode and the switching circuit 24. In this embodiment, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in series and connected between the input terminals A1 and A2 of the DC conversion circuit 22, and the third resistor R3 is connected in series with the fourth resistor R4. The input terminal A1 of the conversion circuit 22 is between two, the node between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 and the node between the second resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected to the half-wave rectifier circuit. The relationship between the resistance values of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 is set such that the resistance values of the first resistor ri and the fourth resistor R4 are equal, and the second resistor R2 and the third resistor The resistance value of R3 is equal, and the resistance value of the first resistor R1 is greater than the resistance value of the second resistor R2. The switch circuit 24 includes a photocoupler 242 composed of a light-emitting diode D4 and a photo-crystal Q1, a transistor Q2, a resistor R6, and a DC power source VCC. The input terminals A1 and VIII of the DC conversion circuit 22 are respectively connected to the live line L and the water line N. The round ends B1 and B2 of the DC conversion circuit 22 are respectively connected to the light-emitting diodes 7 of the photocoupler 242. 200807837 The anode and the cathode of the body D4, the emitter of the photoelectric crystal Q1 is grounded, the collector is connected to the resistor R6 and then connected to the DC power source VCC, and the collector of the photoelectric crystal qi is also connected to the gate of the transistor Q2, the transistor The source of 〇2 is connected to the DC power supply VCC, the anode of the transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the inductor τ, and the other end of the inductor Τ is grounded. Under normal conditions, the two single-pole double-throw switches ΚΙ, Κ2 A contact is respectively connected to the corresponding end of the electric device 10 and the water line ,, and the other ends of the two single-pole double-throw switches K1 are respectively connected to the two ends of the alarm 40. After the electrical device 10 is connected to the external power source through the electrical equipment protection device, if the live line L and the water line Ν are matched with the actual line system, the DC conversion circuit 22 does not output the DC power signal (by the first The resistor R1, the first resistor R2, the second resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 are known for the voltage division relationship between the voltage between the live line L and the water line ,, and further, the photocoupler 242 is not affected. If the live line L and the water line 1^ do not match the actual line system, that is, in the reversed state, the DC conversion circuit ^ outputs a direct current power signal, and the DC power signal makes the photoelectric coupling benefit 242 The crystal Q1 is turned on, and then the transistor Q2 is also guided to act on the inductor T to cause the two single-pole double-throw switches κι, K2$ to jump from one contact to the other contact, at this time the fire line l and the water line ν The corresponding end of the private sigh 10 is disconnected, and at the same time, the fire alarm L is connected to the water line , at both ends of the alarm, thereby triggering the alarm 3 〇 alarm. The electrical equipment protection device can be applied. Effectively detect the access of the electrical equipment, the access of the fire line and the water line, and disconnect the power supply when the hot line and the water line are connected, thereby eliminating the safety hazard. The electrical equipment protection device 8 200807837 can not only It can be installed in the power supply terminal of electrical equipment, and can also be directly embedded in the switch, socket and other equipment. It can be used as a test fixture to directly measure the power line and the water line. Access situation In summary, the present invention meets the requirements of the invention patent, and the patent application is filed according to law. However, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and those who are familiar with the art of the present invention are in accordance with the spirit of the present invention. </ RTI> </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; Circuit diagram [Main component symbol description] Electrical equipment 10 DC conversion circuit 22 Second resistor R2 Fourth resistor R4 Capacitor Cl, C2 Switch circuit 24 LED diode D4 Resistor R6 Transistor Q2 Early knife double throw switch ΚΙ, K2
偵測電路 20 第一電阻 R1 第三電阻 R3 二極體 Dl、D2 限流電阻 R5 光電稱合器 242 光電晶體 Q1 直流電源 VCC 控制電路 30 電感線圈 T 9 200807837 報警器 40 地線 火線 L 水線Detection circuit 20 First resistor R1 Third resistor R3 Diode D1, D2 Current limiting resistor R5 Photoelectric weigher 242 Phototransistor Q1 DC power supply VCC control circuit 30 Inductor coil T 9 200807837 Alarm 40 Ground wire Fire line L Water line