1.334678 六、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 [0001] 本發明係關於一種電氣設備保護裝置。 [先前技術3 [0002] 目前，一般電氣設備之供電系統基本係採用火線、中性 . _ 線及地線之三線接入標準，其中火線與中性線用於供電 • ，地線用於接地。由於現在用電網絡大多都是交流電網 ’在佈設交流電網時，由於種種原因，例如在接線時粗 心大意，接入電網之火線與中性線很有可能會被接反， 從而給用戶和電氣設備造成極大之安全隱患。 [0003] 因是，實有必要對習知之電氟备^之供-電系統加以改進 &飞：… ， 心 ，以消除上述缺失。 / :/ i ί*, ,. .:. ·.' " .... ...4 . 【發明内容】 [0004] 鑒於以上内容，有必要提供一種可以偵測接入電線中火 線與中性線是否接反之電氣設備保護裝置。 *5 ' [0005] 一種電氣設備保護裝置，用於债測一電氣設備接入電源 中火線與中性線之接入情況，其包括一偵測電路及一控 制電路，該偵測電路之一端用於連接該火線與中性線， 該偵測電路之另一端與該控制電路相連，該控制電路之 -端亦用於連接該火線肖中性線，該控制電路之另一端 與該電氣設備之對應端相連，該㈣電路用於價測該火 線與中性線並將伽j所得之反饋訊號發送至該控制電路 ，該控制電路根據反饋訊號控制該火線、中 氣設傷之狀賴。 1 0993262933-0 095127783 表單編號細1 121 [0006] [0006] 1334678 099年〇7月22日修正雜' 相較於習知技術’當該電氣設備透過該電氣設備保護裝 置與外界電源連接後’透過該偵測電路偵測出該外界電 源火線與中性線之接入情況，並反饋給該控制電路使其 在火線與中性線接反之狀態下斷開電氣設備與外界電源 之連接，從而很好地保護了該電氣設備免遭損壞。 【實施方式】 [0007] 請參閱圖1，本發明電氣設備保護裝置用於偵測一電氣設 備10之電源接入端火線L與中性線N之接入情況（L、N係 指電源接入端之標示，而不是指實際線路），其較佳實 施方式包括一偵測電路20、一控制電路30及一報警器4〇 〇 ^ ^ - * [0008] 其中，該偵測電路20之一端用於連丨接該電:源接入端之火 線L與中性線N ’該偵測電路20之另一端連接於該控制電 路30，該控制電路30之一端亦用於連接該火線L與中性線 N，該控制電路30之另一端與該電氣設備1〇之對應端相連 ’電源接入端之地線G可直接與該電氣設備1 〇之對應端相 連。當該電氣設備10透過該電氣設備保護裝置與外部電 源連接後，如果該火線L與中性線N沒有接反，則該彳貞測 電路2 0將偵測到之訊號反饋給該控制電路3〇使該火線1^與 中性線N直接與該電氣設備10之對應端相連，如果該火線 L與中性線N被接反，則該偵測電路20將偵測到之訊號反 饋給該控制電路30使該控制電路30斷開該火線[與中性線 N與該電氣設備10之連接。該控制電路30還連接該報馨器 40 ’當該火線L與中性線N接反時，該控制電路3〇控制該 報警器4〇發出報警，該報警器40亦可根據實際需要選用 095127783 表單蝙號A0101 第4頁/共12頁 °993262933-〇 1334678 _ 099年07月22日核正替換頁 指示燈來替代。 [0009] 圖2為本實施方式之具體電路圖，該偵測電路20包括一直 流轉換電路22及一開關電路24，該控制電路30為由一電 感線圈T和兩單刀雙擲開關ΚΙ、K2組成之一繼電器，該電 感線圈T用於控制該兩單刀雙擲開關ΚΙ、K2。 - [0010] 該直流轉換電路22包括由一第一電阻R1、一第二電阻R2 、一第三電阻R3、一第四電阻R4組成之一分壓比較電路 ;由兩二極體Dl、D2組成之一半波整流電路；由兩電容 Cl、C2組成之一濾波電路；由一齊納二極體D3組成之一 穩壓電路及一限流電阻R5，該限流電阻R5連接於該齊納 ,^ ‘‘ 二極體D3之陰極與該開關電;¥2本之間。本責施方式中， - 該第一電阻R1與第二電阻R2串聯後連接於該直流轉換電 路22之輸入端Al、A2之間，該第三電阻R3與第四電阻R4 串聯後亦連接於該直流轉換電路22之輸入端Al、A2之間 ，該第一電阻R1與第二電阻R2之間之節點及該第三電阻 R3與第四電阻R4之間之節點與該半波整流電路相連，該 第一電阻R1、第二電阻R2、第三電阻R3、第四電阻R4之 電阻值之關係設定為第一電阻R1與第四電阻R4之電阻值 相等，第二電阻R2與第三電阻R3之電阻值相等，第一電 ； 阻R1之電阻值大於第二電阻R2之電阻值。 .· [0011] 該開關電路24包括由一發光二極體D4和一光電晶體Q1組 成之一光電耦合器242、一電晶體Q2、一電阻R6及一直流 電源VCC。其中，該直流轉換電路22之輸入端Al、A2分 別用於連接該火線L與中性線N，該直流轉換電路22之輸 出端Bl、B2分別連接該光電耦合器242中發光二極體D4 095127783 表單編號A0101 第5頁/共12頁 0993262933-0 1334678 099年07月22日修正替換頁 之陽極及陰極，該光電晶體Q1之射極接地，集極接該電 阻R6後接該直流電源VCC，該光電晶體Q1之集極還連接該 電晶體Q2之閘極，該電晶體Q2之源極接該直流電源VCC， 該電晶體Q2之汲極接該電感線圈T之一端，該電感線圈T 之另一端接地，在正常狀態下，該兩單刀雙擲開關K1、 K2之一觸頭分別用於將該火線L與中性線N與該電氣設備 10之對應端相連，該兩單刀雙擲開關ΚΙ、K2之另一觸頭 分別接於該報警器40之兩端。 [0012] 當該電氣設備10透過該電氣設備保護裝置與外部電源連 接後，如果該火線L與中性線N與實際之線路係相匹配的 ，則該直流轉換電路22不會:ferfT直流電源訊號（由第一 電阻R1、第二電阻R2、第三電阻R3、第四電阻R4對該火 線L與中性線N兩端電壓之分壓關係易知），進而就不會 對該光電耦合器242產生作用。如果該火線L與中性線N與 實際之線路係不匹配的，即處於接反狀態，則該直流轉 換電路22會輸出一直流電源訊號，該直流電源訊號使該 光電耦合器242中之電晶體Q1導通，然後該電晶體Q2亦導 通，從而作用於該電感線圈T使該兩單刀雙擲開關ΚΙ、K2 從一觸頭跳轉到另一觸頭，此時該火線L與中性線N與該 電氣設備10之對應端被斷開，同時該報警器30之兩端與 _ 該火線L與中性線N相連，從而觸發該報警器30報警。 [0013] 應用該電氣設備保護裝置可有效偵测電氣設備接入電源 中之火線與中性線之接入情況，並在火線與中性線接反 .之狀態下斷開電源，從而消除了安全隱患。該電氣設備 保護裝置不僅可以設置在電氣設備之電源接入端，還可 095127783 表單編號A0101 第6頁/共12頁 0993262933-0 1.334678 099年07月22日梭正替换頁 以直接嵌入開關、插座等設備中起到防患未然之作用， 或者單獨作為一測試治具，用以直接測量電源接入端中 之火線與中性線之接入情況。 [0014] 綜上所述，本發明符合發明專利要件，爰依法提出專利 申請。惟，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施方式，舉 凡熟悉本案技藝之人士，在爰依本發明精神所作之等效 修飾或變化，皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 [0015] 圖1係本發明電氣設備保護裝置之較佳實施方式之電路原 理框圖。 [0016] 圖2係圖1之電路圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 [0017] 電氣設備：10 [0018] 偵測電路：20 [0019] 直流轉換電路：22 [0020] 第一電阻：R1 [0021] 第二電阻：R2 [0022] 第三電阻：R3 [0023] 第四電阻：R4 [0024] 二極體：Dl ' D2 [0025] 電容：Cl、C2 [0026] 限流電阻：R5 095127783 表單編號A0101 第7頁/共12頁 0993262933-0 1334678 099年07月22日梭正替換頁 [0027] 開關電路：24 [0028] 光電耦合器：242 [0029] 發光二極體：D4 [0030] 光電晶體：Q1 [0031] 電阻：R61.334678 VI. Description of the Invention [Technical Field of the Invention] [0001] The present invention relates to an electrical equipment protection device. [Prior Art 3 [0002] At present, the power supply system of general electrical equipment basically adopts the three-wire access standard of FireWire, Neutral. _ Line and Ground, where the fire and neutral wires are used for power supply, and the ground wire is used for grounding. . Since most of the current electricity networks are all AC grids, when the AC grid is deployed, for various reasons, such as careless wiring, the fire and neutral lines connected to the grid are likely to be reversed, thus giving users and electrical The device poses a great safety hazard. [0003] Because of this, it is necessary to improve the conventional electric-electric system of the electric fluorine-prepared electric system to remove the above-mentioned missing. / :/ i ί*, ,. .:. ·.' " .... .4 . [Invention] [0004] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a way to detect the fire line in the access wire. Whether the neutral line is connected to the electrical equipment protection device. *5 ' [0005] An electrical equipment protection device for the connection of a live line and a neutral line in an electrical device connected to a power supply, comprising a detection circuit and a control circuit, one end of the detection circuit For connecting the live line and the neutral line, the other end of the detecting circuit is connected to the control circuit, and the end of the control circuit is also used to connect the fire line neutral line, and the other end of the control circuit and the electrical device The corresponding terminals are connected, and the (4) circuit is configured to measure the live line and the neutral line and send the feedback signal obtained by the gamma to the control circuit, and the control circuit controls the line of the fire line and the medium gas according to the feedback signal. 1 0993262933-0 095127783 Form number fine 1 121 [0006] [0006] 1334678 099 〇 July 22 revised miscellaneous 'Compared to the conventional technology 'When the electrical equipment is connected to the external power source through the electrical equipment protection device' The detection circuit detects the access of the external power line and the neutral line, and feeds back to the control circuit to disconnect the electrical device from the external power source when the live line is connected to the neutral line. The electrical equipment is well protected from damage. [Embodiment] [0007] Referring to FIG. 1, the electrical equipment protection device of the present invention is used for detecting the access of the power line L and the neutral line N of an electrical device 10 (L, N refers to the power connection). The preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a detection circuit 20, a control circuit 30, and an alarm device. [0008] wherein the detection circuit 20 One end is used to connect the power: the live line L of the source access end and the neutral line N'. The other end of the detecting circuit 20 is connected to the control circuit 30, and one end of the control circuit 30 is also used to connect the fire line L. And the neutral line N, the other end of the control circuit 30 is connected to the corresponding end of the electrical device 1', and the ground line G of the power access terminal can be directly connected to the corresponding end of the electrical device 1 。. After the electrical device 10 is connected to the external power source through the electrical device protection device, if the live line L and the neutral line N are not connected, the detection circuit 20 feeds back the detected signal to the control circuit 3. The hot line 1 and the neutral line N are directly connected to the corresponding end of the electrical device 10. If the live line L and the neutral line N are reversed, the detecting circuit 20 feeds back the detected signal to the The control circuit 30 causes the control circuit 30 to disconnect the live line [with the neutral line N from the electrical device 10). The control circuit 30 is also connected to the notification device 40. When the fire line L is connected to the neutral line N, the control circuit 3 controls the alarm device 4 to issue an alarm. The alarm device 40 can also select 095127783 according to actual needs. Form bat number A0101 Page 4 / Total 12 pages °993262933-〇1334678 _ July 20, 2008, the nuclear replacement page indicator is replaced. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of the embodiment, the detection circuit 20 includes a DC conversion circuit 22 and a switch circuit 24, the control circuit 30 is composed of an inductor coil T and two single-pole double-throw switches ΚΙ, K2 One of the relays for controlling the two single pole double throw switches ΚΙ, K2. [0010] The DC conversion circuit 22 includes a voltage dividing comparison circuit composed of a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4; and the two diodes D1 and D2 The invention comprises a half-wave rectifying circuit; a filtering circuit composed of two capacitors C1 and C2; a voltage stabilizing circuit composed of a Zener diode D3 and a current limiting resistor R5, wherein the current limiting resistor R5 is connected to the Zener. ^ '' The cathode of diode D3 is electrically connected to the switch; ¥2 between. In the first embodiment, the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 are connected in series and connected to the input terminals A1 and A2 of the DC converter circuit 22. The third resistor R3 is connected in series with the fourth resistor R4. Between the input terminals A1 and A2 of the DC conversion circuit 22, a node between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 and a node between the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected to the half-wave rectifier circuit. The relationship between the resistance values of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 is set to be equal to the resistance values of the first resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R4, and the second resistor R2 and the third resistor The resistance value of R3 is equal, the first electric resistance; the resistance value of the resistance R1 is greater than the resistance value of the second resistance R2. [0011] The switch circuit 24 includes a photocoupler 242 composed of a light-emitting diode D4 and a photo-crystal Q1, a transistor Q2, a resistor R6, and a DC power supply VCC. The input terminals A1 and A2 of the DC conversion circuit 22 are respectively connected to the live line L and the neutral line N. The output terminals B1 and B2 of the DC conversion circuit 22 are respectively connected to the LEDs D4 of the photocoupler 242. 095127783 Form No. A0101 Page 5 / Total 12 Page 0993262933-0 1334678 On July 22, 2008, the anode and cathode of the replacement page were corrected. The emitter of the photoelectric crystal Q1 was grounded, and the collector was connected to the resistor R6 and then connected to the DC power supply VCC. The collector of the photo-crystal Q1 is also connected to the gate of the transistor Q2. The source of the transistor Q2 is connected to the DC power source VCC, and the gate of the transistor Q2 is connected to one end of the inductor T. The inductor T The other end is grounded. In a normal state, one of the two single-pole double-throw switches K1, K2 is used to connect the live line L and the neutral line N to the corresponding end of the electrical device 10, the two single-pole double throws. The other contacts of the switches ΚΙ, K2 are respectively connected to the two ends of the alarm 40. [0012] When the electrical device 10 is connected to the external power source through the electrical equipment protection device, if the live line L and the neutral line N are matched with the actual line system, the DC conversion circuit 22 does not: ferfT DC power supply The signal (the voltage dependence relationship between the voltage between the live line L and the neutral line N is easily known by the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4), and thus the optical coupling is not The 242 acts. If the live line L and the neutral line N do not match the actual line system, that is, in the reversed state, the DC conversion circuit 22 outputs a DC power signal, and the DC power signal causes the power in the photocoupler 242. The crystal Q1 is turned on, and then the transistor Q2 is also turned on, thereby acting on the inductor T to cause the two single-pole double-throw switches ΚΙ, K2 to jump from one contact to the other contact. At this time, the live line L and the neutral line N The corresponding end of the electrical device 10 is disconnected, and both ends of the alarm 30 are connected to the neutral line N, thereby triggering the alarm 30 to alarm. [0013] The electrical device protection device can effectively detect the access condition of the live line and the neutral line of the electrical device connected to the power source, and disconnect the power source in a state where the live line and the neutral line are connected in reverse, thereby eliminating the Security risks. The electrical equipment protection device can be installed not only at the power access end of the electrical equipment, but also 095127783 Form No. A0101 Page 6 / Total 12 Page 0993262933-0 1.334678 On July 22, 2008, the shuttle is replacing the page to directly embed the switch and socket. The device plays a role in preventing the problem, or is used as a test fixture to directly measure the access of the live line and the neutral line in the power access terminal. [0014] In summary, the present invention complies with the requirements of the invention patent, and submits a patent application according to law. The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and equivalent modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art will be included in the following claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0015] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the circuit of a preferred embodiment of an electrical equipment protection device of the present invention. 2 is a circuit diagram of FIG. 1. [Main component symbol description] [0017] Electrical equipment: 10 [0018] Detection circuit: 20 [0019] DC conversion circuit: 22 [0020] First resistance: R1 [0021] Second resistance: R2 [0022] Third Resistor: R3 [0023] Fourth resistor: R4 [0024] Diode: Dl ' D2 [0025] Capacitance: Cl, C2 [0026] Current limiting resistor: R5 095127783 Form No. A0101 Page 7 of 12 0993262933- 0 1334678 Shuttle code replacement page on July 22, 099 [0027] Switching circuit: 24 [0028] Photocoupler: 242 [0029] Light-emitting diode: D4 [0030] Photoelectric crystal: Q1 [0031] Resistance: R6
[0032] 直流電源：VCC[0032] DC power supply: VCC
[0033] 電晶體：Q2 [0034] 控制電路：3 0 [0035] 單刀雙擲開關：ΚΙ、K2[0033] Transistor: Q2 [0034] Control circuit: 3 0 [0035] Single pole double throw switch: ΚΙ, K2
[0036] 電感線圈：T[0036] Inductor coil: T
[0037] 報警器：40[0037] Alarm: 40
[0038] 地線：G[0038] Ground wire: G
[0039] 火線：L[0039] FireWire: L
[0040] 中性線：N 095127783 表單編號A0101 第8頁/共12頁 0993262933-0[0040] Neutral line: N 095127783 Form number A0101 Page 8 of 12 0993262933-0