Background technology
In real life; Short circuit between energized conductor in the electric equipment products electric loop---zero line and live wire, the earth, electric equipment shell and various grounded metal pipeline or other conductors; All earthing failure possibly take place when perhaps conductor insulation against ground resistance is less than setting, earthing failure can cause overcurrent, thereby can cause fire or risk of shock; For fear of this risk, a kind of leakage protecting plug that prevents earthing failure is by utilization widely.
Leakage protecting plug is installed between power supply and the load, and its effect is to respond to whether there is leakage current through the instrument transformer of instrument transformer on zero line, the live wire or ground wire.There is the electric leakage situation in leakage protecting plug in case detect in the course of the work in the circuit, tripping operation immediately, cut off the electricity supply with load between be connected, to avoid because electric leakage causes the risk of fire or electric shock.
The outage of only when the instrument transformer of the instrument transformer of zero line, live wire or ground wire detects the leakage current signal, could tripping of existing leakage protecting plug; Its leakage current produces based on the earth; If used electric equipment products do not have ground wire, ground wire is perhaps arranged and be not connected with the earth, then, the instrument transformer of instrument transformer on zero line, the live wire or ground wire just can not cut off the power supply under detecting the situation of leakage current signal; But; If ground wire is because of power utilization environment or the electric leakage of other electrical appliances at this moment, inflow current makes ground wire electrification in the ground wire, then can user's personal safety be threatened.
In actual use; If the supply socket earth terminal is unearthed, electrical appliance is also unearthed, when local tape electricity or electrical appliance electric leakage; Electrified body can't produce leakage current with the earth; Promptly can't in the instrument transformer of the instrument transformer of zero line, live wire or ground wire, induce leakage current signal, then can't tripping operation outage immediately under ground wire or the charged situation of electrical appliance, only when the user touches electrical appliance earth terminal such as shell and makes leakage current flow to the earth through human body; The instrument transformer of zero line, live wire or the instrument transformer of ground wire just can detect leakage current signal; The outage of just can tripping leakage protecting plug at this moment, hence one can see that, before cutting off the electricity supply, just caused user's electric shock accidents.
In addition; If the subscriber household using electricity system adopts TN-C-S system (zero connection protection system), the connecting line of receiving zero utmost point in the socket from the circuit zero line breaks down, when the situation of zero-power line disappearance occurring; Electric current in the electric appliance load flow into from live wire on the earth point of electrical equipment, makes ground wire electrification; Or zero line, live wire connect instead, and ground wire is directly charged, and this moment, all palp metal partss were charged, and very easily the personal safety to the user threatens.
The utility model content
The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of ground wire safe voltage control system, is intended to strengthen the earth leakage protective fail safe of electric equipment products.
In order to achieve the above object; The utility model proposes a kind of ground wire safe voltage control system, comprising: power circuit, testing circuit, treatment circuit and output circuit, and said output circuit is connected with outside breaker device; Said breaker device is connected with load, wherein:
Power circuit is connected between live wire and the zero line, is used to said control system power supply is provided;
Testing circuit is used to detect ground wire voltage, when the pressure reduction between ground wire voltage and the zero line voltage reaches the predetermined safe voltage range, to said treatment circuit output control signal;
Said treatment circuit is used for according to said control signal said ground wire voltage being handled, and controls the breaker device outage that said output circuit triggers said outside, cuts off the electricity supply and being connected of load.
Preferably, said power circuit comprises first diode and divider resistance R21, R23; The positive pole of said first diode is connected with live wire, said divider resistance R21 be connected between the negative pole and zero line of first diode after R23 connects, first diode is used for supply voltage to input to carry out halfwave rectifier and handles.
Preferably, said testing circuit comprises that second diode, optical coupler and at least two detect resistance R 22, R24; Said treatment circuit comprises triode; The positive pole of said second diode is connected with said ground wire; Be connected between the negative pole and zero line of second diode after said two detection resistance R 22, the R24 series connection; The anode of said optical coupler input is connected two and detects between resistance R 22, the R24, and the negative electrode of said optical coupler input connects zero line; The collector and emitter of this optical coupler output is connected with base stage with the collector electrode of said triode respectively; Pressure drop parameter through light-emitting diode in the optical coupler forms photo-electric control, the detection range of control voltage; The emitter of said triode is connected with zero line; The collector electrode of said triode also is connected between the divider resistance R21, R23 of power circuit through power supply build-out resistor R27.
Preferably, said testing circuit also comprises detection resistance R 25, and said optical coupler is connected with zero line through said detection resistance R 25; Said treatment circuit also comprises alarm unit, the emitter of this alarm unit one termination triode, and the other end is connected with zero line through currents match resistance R 28.
Preferably, said alarm unit is light-emitting diode or sound, video signal generator.
Preferably, said treatment circuit also comprises filter capacitor C21, C22, and said filter capacitor C21 one termination zero line, the other end are connected between the divider resistance R21, R23 of power circuit; Said filter capacitor C22 one termination zero line, the other end is connected with the base stage of said triode.
Preferably, said output circuit comprises control unit, and the first input end of said control unit is connected with the emitter of said triode, second input of the said control unit line of starting to exchange fire, and the output of said control unit is connected with outside breaker device.
Preferably, said control unit is at least controllable silicon, relay, metal-oxide-semiconductor or electronic valve; Said silicon controlled gate pole is connected with the emitter of said triode, the anode line of starting to exchange fire, and negative electrode is connected with outside breaker device; Said breaker device is integrated in leakage protecting plug or the power-supply system.
Preferably, said output circuit also comprises the 3rd diode that is used to isolate shunting, and the positive pole of said the 3rd diode is connected with the emitter of said triode, and the negative pole of the 3rd diode is connected with said silicon controlled gate pole through shunt resistance R26.
Preferably, said predetermined safe voltage range is 36~50V; Said output circuit also comprises piezo-resistance and filter capacitor C23, and said piezo-resistance is connected in parallel between said silicon controlled anode and the negative electrode; Said filter capacitor C23 is connected between said triode and the zero line.
A kind of ground wire safe voltage control system that the utility model proposes; Detect through testing circuit whether ground wire voltage reaches preset range or whether zero live wire connects instead; In case ground wire voltage reaches the predetermined safe voltage range or detects that zero live wire connects instead then trigger leakage protecting plug through treatment circuit and output circuit and trip; Cut off the electricity supply with load between be connected, reach anti-fire or shock-proof purpose, improve the safety in utilization of electricity consumption product; In addition; The utility model also can send alarm signal through the alarm units such as light-emitting diode in the treatment circuit; In the leakage protecting plug tripping operation, it is dangerous to remind this electricity consumption product of user electric leakage to occur through alarm signal, makes the user in time take corresponding safety measure.
Embodiment
Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the utility model, and be not used in qualification the utility model.
The utility model embodiment solution mainly is: detect through testing circuit whether ground wire voltage reaches preset range or whether zero live wire connects instead; In case reaching the predetermined safe voltage range or detect zero live wire, ground wire voltage connects instead; Be that pressure reduction between ground wire voltage and the zero line voltage reaches the predetermined safe voltage range; Then trigger the leakage protecting plug tripping operation through treatment circuit and output circuit; Cut off the electricity supply with load between be connected and warning, to improve the safety in utilization of electricity consumption product.
Please with reference to shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of the utility model ground wire safe voltage control system.The utility model one embodiment proposes a kind of ground wire safe voltage control system; Comprise: live wire L, zero line N, ground wire PE, power circuit 11, testing circuit 12, treatment circuit 13 and output circuit 14; Output circuit 14 is connected with outside breaker device, and breaker device is connected with load, wherein:
Phase line L and zero line N are connected on the external power source;
Power circuit 11 is connected between live wire L and the zero line N, is used to control system power supply is provided;
Testing circuit 12 is used to detect ground wire PE voltage, when ground wire PE voltage reaches the predetermined safe voltage range, to treatment circuit 13 output control signals;
Treatment circuit 13 is used for according to control signal ground wire PE voltage being handled, and controlling output circuit 14 triggers outside breaker device outage, cuts off the electricity supply and being connected of load.
Particularly, in the present embodiment, power circuit 11 comprises the first diode D21 and divider resistance R21, R23; The positive pole of the first diode D21 is connected with live wire, divider resistance R21 be connected between the negative pole and zero line of the first diode D21 after R23 connects, the first diode D21 is used for supply voltage to input to carry out halfwave rectifier and handles; The effect of divider resistance R21, R23 is that the supply voltage to input carries out the step-down dividing potential drop, satisfying the electricity consumption requirement of present embodiment control system, thereby for whole ground wire safety power supply control system the power supply guarantee is provided through power circuit 11.
Testing circuit 12 comprises the second diode D22, optical coupler U21 and three detections resistance R 22, R24 and R25; The positive pole of the second diode D22 is connected with ground wire PE, is connected in turn between the negative pole and zero line PE of the second diode D22 after detection resistance R 22, R24, the R25 series connection; The anode of optical coupler U21 input is connected two and detects between resistance R 22, the R24, and the negative electrode of this optical coupler U21 input connects zero line N through detecting resistance R 25.
Wherein, the effect of diode D22 is that the voltage among the ground wire PE is carried out halfwave rectifier, and to the voltage travel direction property detection among the ground wire PE, three detection resistance R 22, R24 and R25 are cascaded, and constitute the detection to ground wire PE safe voltage.In a single day testing circuit 12 detects the voltage that voltage among the ground wire PE reaches the safe voltage scope; Then optical coupler U21 is triggered; The control signal of optical coupler U21 output is simultaneously given treatment circuit 13, and hits the triode Q21 in the treatment circuit 13 alive, makes triode Q21 energising.
Need to prove that detecting resistance R 22, R24, R25 can be according to different environment for use, and its resistance of different customer requirements adjustment, to realize the accurate control to ground wire PE reference voltage detection.In other embodiments, detect resistance and also two of R22, R24 can only be set, the negative electrode of optical coupler input directly is connected with zero line.
Treatment circuit 13 comprises above-mentioned triode Q21 in the present embodiment; The collector electrode c of the optical coupler U21 output in the above-mentioned testing circuit 12 is connected with base stage b with the collector electrode c of triode Q21 respectively with emitter e; The emitter e of triode Q21 is connected with zero line N; The collector electrode c of triode Q21 also is connected between the divider resistance R21, R23 of power circuit 11 through power supply build-out resistor R27.
The effect of power supply build-out resistor R27 is to guarantee that optical coupler U21 and triode Q21 obtain corresponding power supply support.
In order to reduce the interference that control system receives extraneous factor; Make treatment circuit 13 obtain better voltage signal; Treatment circuit 13 is provided with filter capacitor C21, C22 in the present embodiment, and filter capacitor C21 one termination zero line N, the other end are connected between the divider resistance R21, R23 of power circuit 11; Filter capacitor C22 one termination zero line, the other end is connected with the base stage b of triode Q21.Filter capacitor C21 is used for filtering out the clutter in the input voltage, guarantees that The whole control system does not receive external interference; Filter capacitor C22 then further filters out the clutter in the treatment circuit 13, guarantees triode Q21 working stability.
In addition, also be provided with alarm unit in the present embodiment in the treatment circuit 13, the emitter e of this alarm unit one termination triode Q21, the other end is connected with zero line N through currents match resistance R 28.
Above-mentioned alarm unit can be LED 1, but is not limited to light-emitting diode, can also be all kinds of warning devices such as vision signal or audio signal generator.
If alarm unit is a LED 1; Then the positive pole of LED 1 connects the emitter e of triode Q21; The negative pole of this LED 1 is connected with zero line N through currents match resistance R 28, and the effect of resistance R 28 is that the work for LED 1 provides necessary matching current.
In practical application; Can be according to different environments for use and different customer requirements; Adopt the pressure drop parameter of light-emitting diode among the optical coupler U21 to form photo-electric control, accurately control the detection range of voltage, can make reference voltage detection be controlled at ± 1VAC in; Simultaneously can detect the voltage that is low to moderate 2VAC, realize the breakthrough that low pressure detects.
The effect of triode Q21 in the above-mentioned treatment circuit 13 is to trigger control unit in the output circuit 14 such as controllable silicon SCR 21, in case triode Q21 energising, controllable silicon SCR 21 just is triggered, simultaneously LED 1 immediately light-emitting flash report to the police.
Output circuit 14 comprises above-mentioned control unit in the present embodiment, and the first input end of this control unit is connected with the emitter e of triode Q21, second input of this control unit line L that starts to exchange fire, and the output of control unit is connected with outside breaker device.
Control unit is a controllable silicon SCR 21 in the present embodiment, and control unit also can be electronic valve, relay, metal-oxide-semiconductor constant power control device or other electronic switches in other embodiments.Wherein, the gate pole G of controllable silicon SCR 21 is connected with the emitter e of triode Q21, the anode A of the controllable silicon SCR 21 line N that starts to exchange fire, and the negative electrode K of controllable silicon SCR 21 is connected with outside breaker device.
The voltage that detects among the ground wire PE when testing circuit 12 reaches the safe voltage scope, and optical coupler U21 is triggered, and the control signal of optical coupler U21 output is simultaneously given treatment circuit 13; And hit the triode Q21 in the treatment circuit 13 alive, make triode Q21 energising, in case triode Q21 energising; Controllable silicon SCR 21 just is triggered; Controlling output circuit 14 is sent trip signal to outside breaker device, cut off the electricity supply with load between be connected, simultaneously LED 1 immediately light-emitting flash report to the police.
Impact for fear of 14 pairs of treatment circuits 13 of output circuit; Output circuit 14 also is provided with the 3rd diode D23 in the present embodiment; The effect of the 3rd diode D23 is that the voltage of input is isolated shunting, thereby avoids 14 pairs of treatment circuits 13 of output circuit to impact.
The positive pole of above-mentioned the 3rd diode D23 is connected with the emitter e of triode Q21, and the negative pole of the 3rd diode D23 is connected with the gate pole G of controllable silicon SCR 21 through shunt resistance R26.
The effect of shunt resistance R26 is that the operate as normal for controllable silicon SCR 21 provides the electric current guarantee.
Simultaneously, the clutter in input voltage influences output circuit 14, also is provided with filter capacitor C23 in the present embodiment output circuit 14, and filter capacitor C23 is connected between triode Q21 and the zero line N.
Filter out the clutter in the output circuit 14 through filter capacitor C23; Avoid clutter to trigger controllable silicon SCR 21; Cause the misoperation of controllable silicon SCR 21; Because controllable silicon SCR 21 plays the effect of deenergization and load in case triggering just can cause outside short-circuiting means (such as the tripper of leakage protecting plug) energising.
Further; In order to improve the stability of control system; Also be provided with a piezo-resistance ZR21 in the present embodiment output circuit 14; Piezo-resistance ZR21 is connected in parallel between the anode and negative electrode of controllable silicon SCR 21, prevents the impact of reverse voltage to controllable silicon SCR 21 through this piezo-resistance ZR21, thereby has further improved the stability of system.
Need to prove that breaker device can be integrated in the leakage protecting plug or other need in the earth leakage protective power-supply system in the present embodiment.
Equally; Present embodiment ground wire safe voltage control system can be integrated in the leakage protecting plug; Be used with leakage protecting plug, also can be provided with separately or be integrated in each electric appliances, electric product or the 220V-380VAC power-supply system, reach anti-fire or shock-proof purpose
The predetermined safe voltage range of ground wire PE can be set to 36~50VAC in the present embodiment.
Consider simultaneously in the practical application scene; Zero line N and live wire L may exist and connect anti-situation, at this moment, can have voltage difference between ground wire PE and the zero line N; Then can detection starting circuit 12; After treatment circuit 13 processing, the breaker device deenergization in the controllable silicon SCR 21 meeting triggering leakage protecting plugs is connected with load, reports to the police through the light-emitting diode in the treatment circuit 13 simultaneously.
The utility model embodiment ground wire safe voltage control system; Detect through testing circuit 12 whether ground wire voltage reaches preset range or whether zero live wire connects instead; In case ground wire voltage reaches the safe voltage scope or detects that zero live wire connects instead then trigger the leakage protecting plugs tripping operation through treatment circuit 13 and output circuit 14; Cut off the electricity supply with load between be connected, reach anti-fire or shock-proof purpose, improve the safety in utilization of electricity consumption product; In addition; The utility model also can send alarm signal through 1 alarm unit such as grade of the LED in the treatment circuit 13; In the leakage protecting plug tripping operation, it is dangerous to remind this electricity consumption product of user electric leakage to occur through alarm signal, makes the user in time take corresponding safety measure.
Simultaneously; The utility model adopts the characterisitic parameter of light-emitting diode among the optical coupler U21 to form photo-electric control, accurately controls the detection range of voltage, can make detection range be controlled at ± 1VAC in; Simultaneously can detect the voltage that is low to moderate 2VAC, realize the breakthrough that low pressure detects.
The above is merely the preferred embodiment of the utility model; Be not thus the restriction the utility model claim; Every equivalent structure or flow process conversion that utilizes the utility model specification and accompanying drawing content to be done; Or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical field, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the utility model.