TW200419109A - Method and apparatus for treating waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for treating waste, capable of solving problems of (a) stoppage of a duct, (b) time for charging waste in a furnace, (c) discharging of unused carbon, (d) controlling of a waste upper-face position, (e) recycling of halogen class materials, (f) charging of harmful waste materials, and (g) rising in internal pressure in a basin chamber. A waste treatment furnace comprises a furnace body, a gas outlet provided in the upper part of the furnace body, an outlet for molten slag and/or molten metal, located in the lower part of the furnace body, a waste inlet provided between the outlet for molten slag and/or molten metal and the gas outlet, a furnace center lance provided in the upper part of the furnace body along the furnace axis and for blowing a burn-assisting gas downward into the furnace, an upper tuyere arranged in more than one step in the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet, and a tuyere arranged in more than one step in the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the outlet for molten slag and/or molten metal. When the waste is charged into the waste treatment furnace to perform at least one of the treatments of burning, gasification, and melting, discharge gas generated in the at least one of the treatments is cooled in the furnace in the vicinity of the inlet of a duct that is connected to the furnace body of the waste treatment furnace and guides discharge gas to outside the furnace body.

Description

200419109 (1) Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to at least the combustion, gasification or melting of general waste or industrial waste (hereinafter, collectively referred to as "waste" in the description of the present invention). A method and a device for treating one of these wastes. In particular, the present invention vaporizes and recovers a gas that can be used as fuel (hereinafter referred to as "energy gas") by vaporizing organic substances contained in waste, and recovers low-boiling metals contained in these wastes as dust, and uses the The amount of ash contained in the waste is a valuable metal (hereinafter, also simply referred to as "metal"), which can be separately recovered as slag and molten metal, and the waste treatment method and device can be realized on a commercial scale for a long period of time. . In addition, in the present invention, waste refers to, for example, urban waste represented by food waste, and plastic scraps or iron scraps, which include crushed dust, incinerated ash, and sandy soil from discarded automobiles or home appliances. , Sludge, sludge, ironmaking dust, medical waste and waste wood. [Previous technology] In the past, almost all waste such as general waste and industrial waste were incinerated. However, during the incineration of such wastes, dioxins are generated at a processing temperature of 200 to 600 ° C, especially around 300 ° C. In addition, it is difficult to secure the final disposal site of incinerated ash, and from the viewpoint of efficient use of resources, it is necessary to effectively recycle it. Therefore, it cannot sufficiently cope with the treatment of waste generated by incineration in the past-5- (2) (2) 200419109 In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor proposes a method for using the furnace to face downward along the furnace axis in accordance with International Publication No. WO00 / 45090 Combustion-supporting gas is injected into the central gap of the liftable furnace, and the angle at which the combustion-supporting gas is injected is deviated from the furnace shaft direction by one or more upper tuyeres, and the combustion-supporting gas or the combustion-supporting gas and fuel are directed toward the furnace shaft The spray configuration has a lower tuyere of more than one stage arranged in the furnace, which can prevent the generation of low temperature areas inside the furnace body of the gasification furnace, and can focus on the gasification furnace and gasification melting of the ignition point for waste combustion The invention of the method. According to this invention, it is possible to stably recover slag and various metals and energy gases with a high additional cost. [Explanation of the Invention] However, the inventor proposed a gasification furnace (hereinafter, referred to as "" Basic Gasification Furnace "), the result of in-depth review in order to obtain further development, basic gasification furnace has the following issues (a) ~ (g), in order to solve these issues (a) ~ (G) Provide a processing method and a device that can make a basic gasification furnace more high-performance and can be applied to refractory waste. (Clogging of pipelines) In recent years, there have been many processing furnaces that use wastes that have been burned, gasified, or melted. However, depending on the type of waste, dust may adhere to and accumulate on the inner wall of the pipe that generates exhaust gas flow during the process, which may cause the pipe to become clogged -6- (3) (3) 200419109. For example, when the waste contains a large amount of low-boiling substances, these evaporate in the furnace, so that a part of the evaporation adheres to the inner wall surface of the pipeline, and then grows to block the pipeline. In the above case, there is a possibility that the operation of the processing furnace has to be stopped, and the operation may not be stable for a long period of time. In order to suppress the discharge of dioxins, the basic gasification furnace discharges the gas from the gas exhaust port with the temperature of the gas in the upper part of the furnace being above 1000 ° C and below 140CTC, and the cooling device for the exhaust gas in the subsequent stage is quenched to 20 Below 0 ° C. In particular, in order to completely suppress the occurrence of dioxin, it is preferable that the temperature is higher than the upper part of the furnace body. However, because the temperature of the gas in the furnace is high, low-boiling substances containing waste are evaporated in the furnace, and a part of the low-boiling-point substances adhered to the inner surface of the pipe grows, which may cause the pipe to be blocked. Until now, as a technology for preventing the clogging of related pipes, spraying cold coal such as water or spray toward the inside of the pipes to cool and solidify low-boiling gaseous substances in the exhaust gas and prevent the invention from adhering to the pipes (Japanese patent special Kai 200 1 -3 3 027, same as 2002-349 84 No. 1, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-1 9704 6 and same as No. 8-2 1 943 6) or mechanically scrape pipe attachments Invention (Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2000-2-1 6 8 4 3 3). However, these inventions have the following problems. In other words, when cold coal is injected into the pipeline, sufficient clogging suppression effects cannot be obtained due to the type of waste or the injection position of the cold coal. For example, even if cold coal is sprayed into the pipeline, the exhaust temperature will remain high near the inlet of the pipeline. Therefore, low-boiling gaseous substances in the exhaust gas will adhere to the vicinity of the inlet of the pipeline. Risk of clogging pipes. In addition, when the spray is sprayed into the pipeline, if the inner diameter of the pipeline is not set appropriately, the expansion angle of the spray spray is not set to -7- (4) 200419109, and cold coal such as sprays collide or adhere to form non-evaporated water. It may cause difficulty in controlling the gas cooling device. On the other hand, when a low-boiling point gaseous substance is attached to a pipe line, it is removed by a mechanical removal method. JP-A No. 2002- 1 6 843 3 discloses a drive shaft provided with a scraper blade, and A pipe sweeping device composed of a driving means that rotates the driving shaft and moves in parallel. At this time, since the drive shaft is rotated while it is being carried out, gas generated in the furnace may leak from the gas seal portion, or there may be a risk of it being in the pipeline. In particular, there is a danger that the CO C 0 gas generated during operation may leak to the outside. In addition, when the source is reused, the outside air is sucked into the obtained air. In addition, there is a driving flow near the central axis of the driving shaft, but if the internal temperature of the pipeline is high, the driving can be thermally damaged. In particular, it is obvious that the internal load of the clogged pipe is large for the load on the drive shaft, so that the time for blockage to grow is increased, the thermal damage is increased, and the leakage of the installation is more significant. (b) Charging time in the furnace When using a basic gasification furnace to treat waste, the height of the upper end surface of the material is controlled at a predetermined level. The rise of the gasification furnace is most effective when the burner is used to block the inner wall of the gas pipeline with the inner wall of the pipeline. For example, if there is a back and forth movement inserted into the pipeline toward its axial direction, CO gas can be used as the energy to reduce the amount of heat in the furnace that draws in air from the outside. It is necessary to increase the time required for damage or gas to be placed in the furnace. The important reason for stabilizing the waste in the furnace is that the temperature in the furnace has reached the pre-8- (5) (5) 200419109 temperature. Then, slowly accumulate waste 'to adjust the height of the upper end surface of the waste to the target level. However, it takes considerable time to raise the height of the upper end surface of the waste to a predetermined level. In addition, during the heating process, the combustion temperature in the furnace will inevitably pass through the so-called temperature range of 200 to 600 ° C, which is likely to cause dioxin. Therefore, the dioxin-containing constituent elements, such as chlorine, have high halogen content waste. It is charged from the furnace temperature rising stage, and when stacked, dioxin is generated when the gasification furnace rises. (c) Depletion of unfavorable carbon. The operation of the basic gasification furnace is to throw a part of the carbon containing waste into the pipeline in an unused state, and then use a dust removal device to recover the dust. In order to reduce unused carbon, an aqueous shift reaction (C + H20 = CO + H2) can be used to convert unused carbon to CO gas). H2o is required to perform this aqueous shift reaction. Among them, most of the moisture contained in the waste, which is contained in the waste, is consumed by the gasification reaction of the pyrolysis residue carbon at a position lower than the upper end surface of the waste. Therefore, the amount of thermally decomposed carbon remaining before the lower tuyere is reduced, and it is difficult to maintain a high combustion temperature before the lower tuyere, and the ash content and metal melting contained in the waste cannot be stably performed, and the slag or melting Risk of metal discharge. In addition, when a large amount of moisture is contained in the waste, large transient gas fluctuations occur after the waste is put in, and stable operation cannot be achieved. In addition, the amount of gas generated is reduced due to the evaporation of water. Therefore, a large amount of water in the waste is not ideal. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8 · 1 5 2 1 1 8 discloses a method in which steam is supplied from an upper air vent provided in a waste purge layer of -9-(6) (6) 200419109, and the melting temperature of the ash amount is used as The combustion temperature at the upper tuyere level can thereby suppress the generation of the semi-melt from the thermal decomposition residues of the upper tuyere level or the combustion of flammable gases, and thus can prevent the invention of the semi-melt from adhering to the inner wall of the furnace. That is, the steam injected from the upper tuyere provided in the filling layer can suppress the combustion temperature at the height of the upper tuyere to a low temperature, and suppress the generation of semi-melt at this level. Further, as the steam is sprayed into the filling layer, an aqueous shift reaction proceeds, and at the same time, the progress of carbon gasification can be obtained. However, once steam is sprayed into the waste filling layer for carbon gasification, the carbon contained in the thermal decomposition residue reacts with the steam and is consumed. Therefore, the amount of carbon supplied by the combustion-supporting gas from the lower seal is reduced, and the combustion temperature in front of the lower tuyere is maintained high. difficult. Therefore, the amount of ash and metal contained in the waste cannot be stably melted, and the slag or molten metal may be discharged. (D) Control of the position of the upper end surface of the waste. Basic gasification furnaces burn waste and will be discarded. The organic matter in the gasification is recovered as energy gas, and the vertical furnace is used to recover the amount of ash in the waste and the metal as the molten material. The gasification furnace includes: a gas discharge port provided on the upper part of the furnace body; a slag and molten metal discharge port provided on the lower part of the furnace body; and a waste disposed between the slag and molten metal discharge port and the gas discharge port The inlet of the furnace; the upper part of the furnace body is set along the furnace axis downwards, and the furnace center block that sprays the combustion-supporting gas into the furnace can be lifted and lowered freely; the furnace wall between the waste loading port and the gas discharge port is provided with more than one section to spray the combustion-support For -10- (7) (7) 200419109 for gas, and the upper part of the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the slag and molten metal outlet, set more than one stage toward the furnace, and put the combustion-supporting gas or combustion-supporting gas And the lower tuyere where the fuel is sprayed in the direction of the furnace shaft. In addition, the gasification furnace burns the amount of carbon in the thermally decomposed residue of the waste after heating at a high temperature by burning the upper end surface of the waste in the furnace, even if expensive coke is not used so that the amount of ash or metal in the residue can be melted. However, when the components of the waste are not necessarily heterogeneous, there may be almost no carbon content in the thermal decomposition residue. For example, the carbon content of plastic chips and shredder dust is almost vaporized by the thermal decomposition reaction, so the carbon content of the thermal decomposition residue is extremely small. Therefore, when maintaining the position of the upper end face of the waste that is put in the furnace, it is necessary to frequently perform the adjustment operation of the amount of the combustion-supporting animal gas injected from the lower tuyere and the furnace center block, and it must be skilled in operation. (e) Regeneration of halogen-based raw materials In addition to the sources of dioxin, halogens such as chlorine and bromine contained in waste are extremely expensive substances, and it is expected that the raw materials can be efficiently recycled. However, effective methods for treating wastes with high chlorine content and regeneration methods have not been established. At present, although halogen-containing wastes such as chlorine are incinerated by incinerators, because of the low combustion temperature, a high degree of gas treatment technology is required to suppress dioxin emissions. The basic gasification furnace uses high-concentration oxygen to inject gas to melt the waste gas at a high temperature, and uses a gas cooling device to rapidly cool the generated high-temperature gas, so it hardly discharges dioxin, and can harmlessly deal with a large amount of halogen Waste. Chlorine contained in the waste forms hydrogen chloride gas, etc. in the furnace. (11) (8) (8) 200419109 Hydrogen halide. The dust removal equipment installed at the back of the gas cooling equipment sprays auxiliary agents such as slaked lime to separate and remove it from the generated gas. . At this time, in order to suppress the re-synthesis of dioxins and the corrosion of halogens, the outlet temperature of the gas cooling device is set to 120 ° C or higher and 200 ° C or lower, and the temperature inside the dust removal device is also set to 10 (TC However, in the case of wastes containing a large amount of halogens, in order to efficiently recover chlorine or bromine halogens, it is difficult to regenerate raw materials by fixing the halogens with calcium chloride in the gasification furnace. Furthermore, the halogenation generated The hydrogen gas forms a high concentration, and at the same time, it is easy to cause corrosion of the equipment. In addition, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 1-1 6 2 2 4 8 discloses that a waste plastic containing vinyl chloride is heated at 2 50 to 5 00 ° C. Decomposed to burn the chlorine-containing exhaust gas with a combustion device '. Its combustion gas is used as a heat source in the boiler. At the same time of generating steam, the combustion gas after the steam generation is supplied to the cooling device for cooling, and the hydrogen chloride in the cooled gas is recovered by the chlorine recovery device. The exhaust temperature in front of the cooling device is maintained at 20 (TC or higher) to suppress corrosion caused by hydrogen chloride. However, dioxin resynthesis may occur at temperatures above 20 ° C. Also, halogen-containing plastic wastes will become scorched when thermally decomposed and gasified at a low temperature of less than 500 ° C, which will cause the pipeline to be blocked. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-2024 1 discloses a treatment method for removing generated hydrogen chloride by a gas water washing device and treating wastes containing halogen-containing refractory materials, but it does not describe details for recalling equipment corrosion. The condition of the temperature pipeline and other conditions are unknown. (F) Hazardous waste device-12- (9) (9) 200419109 Basic medical gasification furnaces are used to remove medical waste and contaminated soil. Detoxification of hazardous wastes such as chlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). These hazardous wastes fall into the furnace after they are placed in the furnace and reach the upper end of the waste filling layer However, before the waste loaded into the furnace reaches the upper end surface of the filling layer, low-boiling harmful components will be gasified, and the gasified harmful components will be discharged from the gas outlet before the harmful components are fully decomposed. (G) The internal pressure rise of the slurry chamber is disclosed in International Publication No. WO00 / 4 5 0 9O. It is revealed that the basic gasification furnace is expected to have such a structure that, before discharging the frit and molten metal, the internal Once in the storage space, the slurry chamber can be set up so that the furnace can often form a dry processing tank in the furnace bottom without hoarding slag or molten metal, which can stabilize the operation of the furnace. However, for equipment maintenance, etc. There may be occasions when the gasification furnace is temporarily left in the state of residue or slag remaining in the furnace. In the subsequent rising operation, the waste or cooling slag inside the residual gasification furnace may block the furnace and The contact part between the melt chambers may cause the problem that the gas generated inside the melt chamber does not easily flow in the furnace. At this time, the pressure in the melt chamber will rise, and there will be gas from the slag and melt. The molten metal discharge port may be exposed. [Summary of the Invention] -13- (10) (10) 200419109 The present invention provides the following solutions to the problems (a) to (g) related to the basic gasification furnace described above. (1) Relative Solution to Problem (a) In the present invention, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the furnace, for example, the stage cooling in the furnace before the furnace body of a waste treatment furnace such as a basic gasification furnace flows into the pipeline. Specifically, For example, near the furnace outlet (in the furnace near the entrance of the pipeline), cold coal made of at least one of water, inert gas, production gas, or steam is sprayed to cool the exhaust gas in the furnace near the entrance of the pipeline. As a result, the surface temperature of the low-boiling gaseous substances in the exhaust gas near the inlet of the pipeline is surely reduced to a temperature that does not adhere to the inner wall of the pipeline. The temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the pipeline is preferably blocked by the low temperature side of the pipeline. However, in order to suppress the resynthesis of dioxins, the exhaust temperature in the pipeline is preferably maintained at 80 ° C or higher. Preferably it is above 8 50 ° C. In addition, once cold coal is sprayed near the outlet of the furnace body, the temperature of the gas cooling device inlet near the rear stage can be lowered. Therefore, the amount of spray used in the gas cooling device can be reduced, and the burden can be reduced. Into. Furthermore, the present invention proposes a clogging material removal device capable of mechanically removing the clogged material in a short time when the pipeline is clogged with a low-boiling gaseous substance attached to the inner wall as a waste treatment device. First, since the clogging mechanical removal operation is performed in a short period of time, the clogging removing device can be effectively operated at a stage where the degree of clogging of the pipeline is small. Therefore, the present invention is provided with a differential pressure gauge at the inlet and outlet of the pipeline which can monitor the inlet pressure of the inlet side and the outlet side. It is sometimes determined that the clogging is started and the clogging device is operated. In addition, at the same time, the clogging removal device may be operated periodically regardless of whether the pipeline is clogged or not. (2) The solution to the problem (b) is to increase the height of the upper end face of the contents packed into the basic gasification furnace as soon as possible to the control level during operation, and it is possible to effectively move from the heating stage of the furnace. Installation of charcoal. In addition, in order to raise the level of the upper end surface of the load, when the total concentration of halogens contained in the carbon material is 0.1% or less, the temperature can be raised without generating dioxins. According to the present invention, the temperature of the basic gasification furnace is advanced. Row. At the same time as the burner burns, carbon materials with a low total halogen concentration can be added to raise the height of the upper end surface of the load to a predetermined level, thereby shortening the charging time in the furnace. (3) Solution to problem (C) The present invention proposes to inject steam from the filling layer into the upper portion to reduce unused carbon. Thereby, the vapor is brought into contact with only the unused carbon in the upper part of the furnace to vaporize it. The injected steam does not contact the thermally decomposed residue carbon in the filling layer, so the ash components and metals contained in the waste can be stably melted, and the slag and / or molten metal can be discharged more stably. Even if the carbon in the waste cannot be completely gasified and the dust is recovered as unused carbon in the dust removal equipment, it only needs to be put into the gasification furnace again. At this time, the particle size of the dust is smaller than 1 mm. Therefore, when -15- (12) (12) 200419109 is put in this state, it may be scattered in the furnace, but as long as it is put in, it will contain unused carbon. The dust and waste are mixed and compacted at the same time, and the dust can be prevented from scattering. (4) Means for solving the problem (d) In the present invention, when a waste with a small amount of carbon in the pyrolysis residue is targeted, it is easy to control the position of the upper end surface of the filling layer by putting in a carbon material. Even in a basic gasification furnace, carbon materials can be mixed with the waste and compacted to form a single piece into the furnace. In this case, even if a carbon material having a fine particle diameter is used, there is no fear that the scattering may cause poor air permeability. In addition, the central part of the basic gasification furnace does not suffer from deterioration of the liquid permeability of the molten material due to the fire point of the central furnace, and the slag may not be discharged stably. Therefore, the carbon material is not limited to expensive coke, and a carbon material containing pyrolytic residue carbon such as wood may be used. In addition, when loading a carbon material having a large particle size after pre-screening, it is preferable to use a loading device having two valves having a waste loading path for loading waste into a furnace in parallel. This loading device opens the external side valve and supplies the space between the external side valve and the internal side valve while closing the internal side valve. After closing the external side valve and opening the internal side valve, the carbon material can be removed. Load into the furnace. One of the external side valve and the internal side valve of the charging device is always kept closed, so that a large amount of gas in the furnace can be prevented from leaking out of the furnace through the charging device, or a large amount of air outside the furnace can be sucked into the furnace. In addition, to solve this problem (d), the input carbon material is added under the conditions that the temperature in the furnace is raised to the condition that the dioxin can be completely thermally decomposed, so there is no problem even if the concentration of halogen in the carbon material is high. . -16- (13) (13) 200419109 (5) Solution to problem (e) The present invention is an exhaust gas guided through a pipe connected to a gas discharge port of a basic gasification furnace body, (i) The _ hydrogen gas contained in the exhaust gas after the dust removal is recovered as an acid by an acid recovery device, the recovered acid is converted into a halogen, and / or (ii) the exhaust gas is cooled after cooling to less than 100 t The hydrogen halide gas contained in the gas is condensed, and the hydrogen halide contained in the exhaust gas is recovered as an acid. 'The recovered acid is converted into a halogen. Thereby, the discharge of dioxins and corrosion of equipment can be suppressed, and the halogen-containing raw materials in the waste can be regenerated. (6) The solution to problem (f) contains hazardous wastes such as medical waste, contaminated soil, and polychlorinated biphenyls. When the basic gasification furnace is put in the sealed container, the hazardous wastes can be sealed in a closed container. It is effectively put into the closed container from a loading device having two valve bodies arranged in parallel with the waste loading path. Thereby, the harmful gas generated in the furnace passes a residence time under a sufficiently high temperature condition, and is completely decomposed and discharged out of the furnace. (7) The solution to the problem (g): Once the furnace is stopped, the furnace rises to stop the waste in the furnace or to cool the molten slag, which causes the connection between the furnace and the melt chamber to be blocked. When the pressure rises excessively, when the pressure in the slurry chamber rises, a piping for exhausting the gas generated in the slurry chamber can be effectively set. -17- (14) (14) 200419109 [Embodiment] The detailed description of the waste treatment method and treatment device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings. The first is a schematic diagram for detailed description of a gasification furnace for wastes used in the embodiment. As shown in the figure, the hearth 1 a of the gasification furnace 1 of the benzene embodiment is lined with a refractory 2. In addition, the furnace body 1a has a waste loading port 4 for discharging and loading waste 3, a gas discharge port for generating energy gas (hereinafter, simply referred to as "exhaust gas"), and a gas discharge port 5 for discharging dust. Pipe 6 connecting the internal space of the furnace body 1 a. The waste loading port 4 is provided with a push rod 7, and the loaded carbon material 8 and the waste 3 are simultaneously loaded from the waste loading port 4 in a compacted state. Numeral 9 in FIG. 1 is a central block that can be raised and lowered by injecting a combustion-supporting gas 9 a into the furnace downwardly along the furnace axis (furnace central axis). The symbol 1 〇 is an upper tuyere in which the furnace wall] a is arranged more than one stage (two in this example) so that the combustion-supporting gas 10 a is sprayed in a direction deviating from the furnace axis. In addition, the symbol 11 is the lower part of the furnace that is placed on the furnace wall for more than one stage (two in this example) so that the combustion-supporting gas 丨 la or the combustion-supporting gas} la and the fuel 1 1b are sprayed in the direction of the furnace shaft. tuyere. In front of the pipeline 6 in FIG. 1, that is, near the exhaust outlet at the upper part of the furnace body 1 a, for example, one or more cold coals formed by injecting at least one of an inert gas, a production gas or a steam are provided] 2 Used nozzles 1 3. In the interior of the furnace body] a of the gasification furnace 1, once the generated gas is heated to a temperature of -18- (15) (15) 200419109 or higher, it is maintained for more than 2 seconds to dissociate dioxin. The gas produced in the furnace heated above 1 000 ° C is cooled by the cold coal 12 injected from the cold coal injection nozzle 13 located near the exhaust outlet provided at the upper part of the furnace body 1a. The temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the pipeline 6 is preferably a low-temperature side in order to suppress clogging of the pipeline 6. However, the temperature of the exhaust gas in the dioxin-based resynthesis pipeline 6 is 80 ° C, and preferably maintained 8 5 0 ° C or more. The gas maintained in the pipeline 6 above 800 ° C is rapidly cooled to below 200 ° C by the exhaust cooling device (not shown) at the rear stage. Thereby, the resynthesis of dioxin is suppressed, and the dioxin emission from the whole process can be significantly suppressed. .  The cold coal 12 sprayed into the furnace body 1 a from the nozzle 13 is caught with water, inert gas, production gas or steam until: at least one of them is formed 1. Although the adhesion of low-boiling gaseous substances to the inner surface of the pipe 6 can be suppressed, water is preferred. When an inert gas is used as the cold coal, the heat generation of the high-heat gas in the furnace is reduced. In addition, compared with water, steam has no latent heat of evaporation, and the original cooling unit of the gas after generation is high. Therefore, a large amount of unnecessary water enters during exhausting, which is not conducive to economics including a post-treatment step. Therefore, in order to improve the cooling efficiency ', it is preferable to use water (especially mist water) which can be separated from the high-heat gas generated in the subsequent step as the cold coal. When atomizing water with a gas by atomizing it, it is better to use a production gas instead of an inert gas, and it is preferable to suppress the reduction in the amount of heat generated by the gas. When solid dust is accumulated on the pipeline 6, the gas 15 is sprayed into the pipeline 6 from one or more nozzles 14 capable of injecting high-pressure gas, and the solid powder is blown to the inside of the furnace body 1a and / Or the side of the gas cooling device in the rear section, sweep the inside of the pipeline 6-19- (16) (16) 200419109. As described above, according to this embodiment, the cold coal is sprayed into the front side of the pipeline 6 to prevent the pipeline 6 from being blocked. Fig. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing an attached matter removing device 16 constituting a waste treatment device by mechanically removing the attached matter on the inner wall of the pipe 6 in the gasification furnace 1 of the present embodiment. The degree of clogging of the attachments inside the pipe 6 can be predicted from the change in the differential pressure between the pressure at the inlet 6a and the outlet 6b of the pipe 6. The differential pressure change is continuously monitored using a differential pressure measuring device. In other words, when the absolute value of the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure measuring device 18 is compared with the initial value (at the start of operation), an increase in the pressure can be predicted to cause a blockage in the pipeline. .  In the above embodiment, the attached mist removing device 16 is used to remove the attached matters. First, the drive shaft 19-1 is moved forward and backward, and then the drive shaft 19-2 is moved forward and backward to peel off and remove the attached matter 17 from the inner wall of the pipe 16. By the lifting device 20, the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are moved in a direction in which the pipe 6 extends. In addition, the driving shafts 19-1 and 19-2 were cooled by water cooling to the vicinity of the front end. Thereby, the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are restrained from being bent or damaged due to a thermal load. The drive shafts 1 9-1 and 1 9-2 are provided with cooling water 2 1 water supply and drainage pipes (not shown) for water supply and drainage, and can also be used under high temperature conditions. In addition, the drive portions of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are provided with a leak-proof device 22 in a ground-tight manner, thereby preventing gas leakage from the inside of the system and outside the system when the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are operated. -20- (17) (17) 200419109 The time for operating the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 is preferably performed when the degree of blockage of the inner wall of the pipe 6 is small. When the degree of clogging is small, the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 need not be rotated as disclosed in JP-A-2002-168433, and the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 need not be subjected to a large load for removing clogging. Blockage can be removed in a short time. Therefore, no gas leakage is caused from the leak prevention device 22, and the life of the device can be improved. For example, it is better to compare it with the average pressure of 2 hours from the start of the operation of the differential pressure measuring device 18, and it is better to perform it at a time when it is increased by 20 mmH2O or more and 400 mmH20 or less. Also, the pipeline 6 is not blocked, and the general gasification melting operation is performed. , Make the drive shaft 19-1, 19-2 back to the bag machine position to 24, so that the valve 23 in a closed state. This can completely prevent gas leakage in the furnace. The closing valve 2 3 can simultaneously perform maintenance and the like of the deposit removing device 16 during the operation of the gasification furnace 1. In addition, the drive shaft] 9 -1, 1 9-2 when not in operation 'Drive shaft 1 9 · 1, 19-2 to standby position 24 standby, closing the valve 2 3 immediately before the standby position 24 can prevent gas Leaks and inhalation of air. Set valve 2 3 In normal operation with the drive shaft 1 9-1,] 9-2 in motion, the leak prevention device 2 2 is hardly affected by the heat in the pipeline 6 '. Therefore, the leak prevention device 2 2 can be increased at the same time. life. In addition, when the recessed portions 25 of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are brought into contact with the air leakage prevention device 22, gas sealing is performed similarly. The outer diameter d of the largest diameter portions of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 is preferably set to 50% or more of the inner diameter D of the pipe 6. In addition, the scraping member at the front end of the driving shaft 1 9 —1, 1 9 _ 2 1 9 -1 a, 19-2 a has an angle α of 10 degrees or more-21-(18) (18) 200419109 1 50 degrees The following is better. In addition, a device such as a lifting device 20 is provided, and in order to remove the attachments 7 Although a driving shaft 1 9-1 1 9-2 of a sufficient length should be used, but the driving shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are too long The height of the building must be raised to more than necessary. Therefore, it is preferable that the length of the driving shafts 19 · 1 and 19-2 is three times the length L from the standby position of the driving shafts 19-1 and 19-2 to the forward limit of the driving shafts 19-1 and 19-2. The advancement limit 26 of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 is the drive shaft 19-2 shown in FIG. 2 to advance from the gas discharge port 5 to a position of about 10 mm to 300 mm when moving toward the furnace. Better. In addition, when the drive shaft 19-1 shown in FIG. 2 advances in a direction crossing the pipeline, it is preferable to advance a position ± 50 mm relative to the center axis of the crossing pipeline. In addition, the front ends of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are provided with optical fiber observation mirrors 27 as shown in FIG. 3, which can monitor the blockage in the pipeline 6 while enabling the drive shafts 1 9-1, 1 9- 2 works effectively. Basically, though through the pipeline 6. The differential pressure in the inside is estimated to be clogged, but in the case where there is a small amount of attachment 17, the measurement result of the differential pressure may not be significantly inclined. When sweeping the inside of the pipe 6, when only some of these micro-adhesions 17 remain, there may be a possibility that the clogged matter may grow again with these as the core. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently perform work while observing the inside of the pipe 6 while the optical fiber observation mirror 27 or the like. It is often necessary to observe the inside of the pipeline 6 through the fiber-optic observation mirror 2 7, but it is not necessary to perform differential pressure measurement, but the drive shafts 1 9-1 and 1 9-2 must be inserted into the pipeline 6 frequently. As a result, the drive shafts 19-1, 19-2 may be thermally damaged. In addition, the fiber-optic observation mirror 27 may adhere to dust and the like and cannot be observed for a long time. (22) (19) (19) 200419109. In addition, the valve 23 must be in an open state, which shortens the life of the sealing device 2 2. The replacement or repair of the front end portions 19-la and 19-2a can be returned to the standby position 24, and the valve 23 immediately before the standby position 24 can be closed even during operation. Next, referring to the first diagram of the gasification furnace 1 showing the waste used in the present embodiment, the control of raising the height of the upper end surface of the furnace contents quickly to the temperature during operation of the gasification furnace 1 will be described. The method to shorten the filling time in the furnace up to the standard is as follows. This embodiment is a stage from the temperature rise of the gasification furnace 1, and the halogen concentration such as chlorine is 0. The carbon material 3 2 of 1% or less is charged to a predetermined height in the gasification furnace 1. The predetermined height indicates the height between the waste inlet 4 or the loading device 28 and the lower air outlet 11. The temperature rise is formed, for example, from a charging device 26 equipped with a double gate valve 29, and is placed in a furnace, and the upper end surface of the carbon material 32, which is previously deposited, is charged with a seed, and the valve 29a and / or the valve 2 9b are closed. The combustion-supporting gas 9a is sent in order to start the combustion of the previously charged carbon material 32 in a simple sequence. The combustion condition of the carbon material 32 can be always performed from a monitoring window 30 in the furnace provided at the upper part of the furnace body 1a. In addition, the combustion-supporting gas 1 1 a may be fed in from the lower tuyere 11, or the carbon material 32 may be burned near the lower tuyere 11. The combustion in front of the lower air outlet 1 1 can be confirmed visually. The upper end surface level of the carbonization layer of the carbon material 32 was measured one by one, and the amount of the carbon material 3 2 supplied to the furnace was adjusted to maintain the above end surface level as the target level. As mentioned above, the height of the upper end of the furnace can be raised to -23- (20) (20) 200419109 at the heating stage of the furnace to the control level during operation, which can shorten the charging time in the furnace. Next, the means for reducing unused carbon in this embodiment will be described below. In the gasification furnace 1 shown in the first diagram, the dust scattered from the pipe 6 to the outside of the furnace also contains unused carbon. As a method for reducing unused carbon, steam is injected into the furnace in this embodiment. Steam is injected from at least one of the nozzle 3 3 located between the upper end face of the waste in the gasification furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the gas exhaust port 5, the furnace center block 9, or the upper air outlet 10. An aqueous shift reaction (C + H2O = CO + H2) converts unused carbon into CO gas. Among them, the injection amount of 'steam 34 can be easily controlled by a flow meter, and therefore, the amount of water vapor necessary for the aqueous shift reaction can be accurately supplied. In addition, the injected steam 34 can effectively convert unused carbon into CO gas. Therefore, the steam 34 is preferably injected at a wide angle. With this, the steam 3 4 can be uniformly sprayed into the surrounding direction of the furnace body 1 a to effectively perform the above-mentioned aqueous displacement reaction. Even if the carbon in the waste is not completely vaporized and the carbon is not recovered by using the carbon as a dust removing device, it can be put into the gasification furnace 1 again. At this time, although the particle diameter of the dust is extremely small below 1 mm, there is a possibility of scattering in the furnace, but in this example, the push rod 7 and waste 3 shown in Fig. 1 can be mixed and compacted to contain unused carbon at the same time. After loading the dust, the dust in the furnace can be suppressed. Next, in the gasification furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1, in the case of wastes with a small amount of slag carbon due to thermal decomposition, the carbon material 8 and / or the carbon material 3 6 are added. The height of the filling layer can be easily controlled, that is, the control of the upper end position of the waste is explained below. As described above, the gasification furnace 1 shown in the figure is provided with a waste loading port 4 to which a pusher 7 is mounted, and the carbon material 8 is mixed and compacted into the furnace simultaneously with the waste 3. This can suppress scattering of the fine-grained carbon material 8 in the furnace. When a carbon material 36 having a particle diameter of 5 mm or more is selected in advance, it is preferable to use a double gate valve 29. At this time, the carbon material 36 may be charged only from a separate loading device 28 having a double gate valve 29. The loading device 28 provided with the double gate valve 29 causes the carbon material 36 to fall freely between the upper gate valve 29a and the lower gate valve 29b by opening the upper gate valve 29a. Then, the upper gate valve 29a is closed, and the lower gate valve 29b is opened. 36 into the furnace. According to this loading method, the upper gate valve 2 9 a or the lower gate valve 2 9 b is always operated in a closed state, so that a large amount of gas in the furnace can be prevented from leaking out of the furnace through the loading device 28, or A large amount of air outside the furnace is drawn into the furnace. As described above, when the carbonaceous material 8 and / or the carbonaceous material 36 are put into the furnace, it is possible to easily control the height of the filling layer even when a waste with little carbon of the pyrolysis residue is targeted. The carbon material 8 and / or the carbon material 36 are charged after heating up under conditions in which the temperature in the furnace hardly generates dioxins. Therefore, the concentration of halogens in the carbon-containing material 8 and / or the carbon material 36 is not particularly limited. Next, in the present embodiment, the case where the raw material for the halogen is regenerated is described below. -25- (22) (22) 200419109 Figures 4 to 7 are explanatory diagrams showing the flow of the system for recovering halogens in this embodiment. First, the system shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 will be described, and the system shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described below. In Fig. 4, waste 3 is put into the gasification furnace of this embodiment! . A high-heat gas 40 is generated that vaporizes the organic matter contained in the waste 3 as a fuel. The ash content and the valuable metal are converted into slag 3 8 and molten metal 3 9. Since the emission of dioxins is reduced in the gasification furnace 1, the temperature of the upper part of the gasification furnace 1 can be suppressed above 1000 ° C and below 1,400 ° C, and the waste 3 is directly put into the range of 5,000 to 1200 ° C. After the thermal decomposition and gasification zone in the high-temperature region of the furnace is maintained at a temperature of more than 1,000 ° C in the furnace for more than 2 seconds, the high-temperature high-temperature gas discharged outside the furnace 40 is cooled by passing through the pipeline 4 1 to cool the device 4 2 The spray 4 4 sprayed from the nozzle 4 3 is quenched to 120 ° C or more and 200 ° C or less. By this means, even when processing wastes with a large amount of halogens, the resynthesis and emission of dioxins can be reliably suppressed, and the low emission of dioxins in the entire process can be suppressed. In addition, the generation of tar in low-temperature thermal decomposition of plastics containing halogen will cause problems such as adhesion to piping, etc. However, the gasification furnace 1 疋 performs thermal decomposition and gasification at local temperature, and does not generate tar. The gas passing through the pipe 45 at the outlet of the air-cooling container 42 contains carbon monoxide, chlorine, and the like, and simultaneously contains hydrogen gas and the like. These gases are introduced into the halogen recovery device 48 after the dust 47 contained in the dust removal device 46 is removed. The serotonin recovery pack * 48 is a high-heat gas ιαα ° (: ^^) after spraying water into the nozzle 50 to condense the hydrogen halide gas to form a condensed water 51 ^ ^ @ _ 5 2 mixture, and separate the other The mixed gas of energy gas 5 3 and halogen. Acid 52 and condensed water 51 is circulated through the nozzle 54 in the halogen back -26- (23) (23) 200419109 collection device 48, and concentrated to recover the acid 52. Acid 52 and condensed water The mixed liquid does not use the nozzle 54 and can be circulated after mixing water 49 from the nozzle 50. The recovered acid 52 is converted into the halogen 56 by the halogenation device 55. In addition, the dust is removed by the dust removal device 46 and the air cooling device 42 from the gas, respectively. 4 7 is re-injected into the gasification furnace 1 at the same time as the refilled waste 3. The gas cooled by the gas cooling device 42 flows into the halogen recovery device until 48, from the viewpoint of the prevention of corrosion by the hydrogen halide gas. It should be above 100 ° C, preferably 120 ° C. Especially after the low temperature eliminators 4 and 6 are formed, acid-resistant materials such as nickel-hydrochloride-resistant alloys can be effectively used. And halogen recovery devices 48 and 8 are used. Examples of materials are even below 100 ° C FRP, etc., which is liable to generate corrosion. In addition, the method for recovering the acid may be, for example, a method of recovering after passing through the air-cooling device 42 as shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a 1000 ° C generated by the gasification furnace 1. In the above method, the high-temperature gas below 140 ° C is rapidly cooled by the air-cooling device 42 to below 100 ° C, and the halogen gas contained in the energy gas 40 is recovered. In this method, the air-cooling device 42 is used inside The moisture contained in the gas 40 and the spray condensate sprayed by the air-cooling device 42 are recovered from the lower part of the air-cooling device 42. The recovered condensed water 5 8 contains acid and sludge 5 9 'but the recovered condensed water 5 8 Separation and removal of the sludge 5 9 by the filtering device 60 9 forms acid-containing condensate 6 2 and converts the halogenation device 5 5 to halogen 5 6 0 Although the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the air cooling device 42 is below 100 ° C, The halogen has been almost converted into the condensed water recovered under the air-cooling device 42, so it will not corrode the equipment at the rear of the air-cooling device 42. However, the gaseous hydrogen halide gas containing a number of provinces -27- (24) (24) 200419109 The water containing caustic soda 7 1 is supplied to the separation tower 65 to recover the acid 66 The acid 61 recovered from the lower part of the air-cooling device 42 is halogenated by the toothing device 55 at the same time. The sludge 59 can be re-injected into the gasification furnace 1 to be gasified and melted. Also, the halogen concentration in the waste is in a wide range, but The sampling side with high dentin concentration results in high recovered acid concentration. In addition, the amount of halogen recovered per unit of waste processed increases. It has the advantages of high recovery rate. Therefore, when processing waste with a low halogen concentration, adding waste with a high halogen concentration can effectively concentrate the recovered acid. In addition, when the concentration of the halogens contained in the waste is low, it is preferable to spray the slaked lime into the dust removing device 46 to remove the halogen. When the halogen is fixed by the dust removal device 46, the halogen-type halogen recovery device 5 5 is not required to be washed with water, that is, the treatment of discharged water is not required. Next, the system shown in Figs. 6 and 7 will be described below. In addition, in the following description, only parts different from the system shown in FIG. 4 described above will be described, and descriptions of common parts will be omitted. In Fig. 6, the gas contained in the dust 45 passing through the outlet of the air-cooling device 42 is removed from the dust contained in the dust-removing device 46, and then introduced to the halogen recovery device 4S, which is the same as the system shown in Fig. 4 above. In this example, the halogen cooling device 4 8 sprays water 4 into the nozzle 50 to cool the high-heat gas 40 to 10 (rc or less, to condense the hydrogen halide-containing gas) as a mixture of the condensed water 51 and the acid 52, and Other energy gases 53 are separated from the raw materials. The mixed solution of acid 5 2 and condensed water 5 1 is circulated in the cold clothes set 4 2 through the nozzle 4 3 and concentrated to the acid recovered by the halogen recovery device 4 8-28 (25 ) (25) 200419109 5 2. The recovered acid 52 is converted into halogen 56 by the halogenation device 55. The mixed liquid of the acid 5 2 and the condensed water 51 is circulated in the air cooling device 4 2 to reduce the air cooling. The amount of water 4 4 used in the device 42. In addition, the dust 47, 57 removed by the dust removal device 4 6 and the air cooling device 42 from the gas are put into the gasification furnace 1 at the same time as the waste 3. In this example, During the period from when the energy gas cooled by the air-cooling device 42 flows to the halogen recovery device 48, from the standpoint of the prevention of corrosion by the hydrogen halide gas, 100t: or more, preferably 120. (: or more. In particular, low-temperature dust removal is formed. After the device 46, acid-resistant materials such as nickel-hydrochloride-resistant alloys can be effectively used. Examples of the materials used in the halogen recovery unit 48 are not likely to cause acid corrosion even at temperatures below 1000 ° C. FRp and so on. Fig. 7 shows an example in which a gas cooling method is used as the acid recovery method. In addition, the following description will describe the parts different from the system shown in Fig. 6 above, and the description of common parts will be omitted. In FIG.7, the dust 47 contained in the dust removal device 46 is removed by the gas 45 passing through the outlet of the air-cooling device 42, and the dust 47 contained in the dust removal device 46 is introduced into the halogen recovery device 48 until the same as the system shown in FIG. 6 above. In this example, the 'halogen recovery device 48' uses a gas cooling method to cool the high-heat gas 40 to less than 100t, and condenses the contained hydrogen halide gas as a mixed solution of condensed water 51 and acid 52 to separate other energy gases. 53 with halogen. The acid 52 is converted into the halogen 56 by the halogenation device 5. In addition, the dust 47 and 57 separated and removed by the dust removal device 46 and the air cooling device 42 are simultaneously put into the gasification furnace 1 together with the newly loaded waste 3. -29- (26) (26) 200419109 In this example, the period during which the energy gas cooled by the air-cooling device 4 2 flows into the halogen recovery device and reaches 4 8 is 1 from the standpoint of the hydrogen halide gas to stop corrosion. Above 0 0 ° C, preferably! 2 0 艽 or more. In particular, after the low-temperature dust removal device 46 is formed, an acid-resistant material such as a nickel-hydrochloride-based alloy can be effectively used. Next, the state of using the gasification furnace 1 of this embodiment to treat hazardous waste such as medical waste, contaminated soil, or PCB is described below. The hazardous waste sealed in a closed container can be used in the gasification melting furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1 Perform harmless treatment. The furnace body 1a can be loaded from a double alarm valve loading device 29. Loading device 29 on the double gate valve The opening of the upper gate valve 29a of the former enables the closed container to fall freely between the upper gate valve 29a and the lower gate 15a 29b. After closing the upper gate valve 29a, the lower alarm valve 29b is opened to load the closed container. Into the furnace. Thereby, the closed state of one of the upper wide valve 29a and the lower gate valve 29b can be constantly maintained, so that a large amount of gas in the furnace can be prevented from leaking out of the furnace through the charging device, or a large amount of external air can be sucked into the furnace. In addition, it is preferable that the pressure in the furnace is controlled by installing an induced draft fan or the like below the atmospheric pressure downstream. _In the past, harmful thermally decomposed gas generated from hazardous waste sealed in a closed container and placed in a furnace will not be exhausted from the closed container, and the hazardous waste can reach the upper end surface of the filling layer. After the hazardous waste reaches the upper end surface of the filling layer, ‘fortunately, the sealed container opens with heat, and the thermally decomposed gas k ΐ can be discharged from the closed container. The harmful gas discharged from the closed container is completely decomposed in the furnace under a high temperature condition due to a sufficient residence time, and is discharged out of the furnace. -30- (27) (27) 200419109 The material and thickness of the closed container are appropriately determined so that no holes are opened between the closed container and the upper end surface of the filling layer. In the present embodiment, the means for canceling the pressure rise in the interior of the slurry chamber will be described as follows. Fig. 8 is an explanatory view showing a mode that the gasification furnace 1-1 in which the slurry chamber 73 is provided in the gasification furnace 1 shown in Fig. 1 is simplified. In the following description of the gasification furnace 1-1, only the parts different from the gasification furnace 1 will be described, and the description of the common parts will be omitted. As shown in Fig. 8, the gasification furnace 1-1 is provided with a slurry chamber 73 which communicates with the interior of the lower portion of the furnace body 1a. This slurry chamber 73 is for recovering the amount of ash and valuable metals discharged from the gasification furnace B1, and temporarily stores the generated slag and molten metal such as molten metal in advance. Combustion-supporting gas 8 1 a and fuel 8 b were injected from the tuyere 81 of the slurry chamber to maintain the temperature in the slurry chamber. .  In this example, a gas exhaust pipe 74 'is provided in the upper part of the slurry chamber 73 to connect the upper end surface 76 of the waste inside the furnace body 1a and the gas exhaust port 5. The valve 75 is arranged during the operation, and the valve 75 is normally operated with the valve 75 closed. The internal pressure of the slurry chamber 7 3 can be continuously measured by the pressure measuring device 7 7. During normal operation, the pressure measurement device 7 7 is set to a value of 0.1 to the design pressure of the melting chamber 7 3.  5 times the operation, but once the pressure exceeds the design pressure of 0.  At five times, the valve 75 can be opened, and the gas generated from the inside of the slurry discharge chamber 73 is discharged from the outside of the furnace body 1a. Thereby, when the gasification furnace 1 is temporarily stopped and raised, the waste in the furnace or the cooling slag etc. blocks the connection portion 7 a of the furnace body 1 a and the melting chamber 7 3 7 8 -31-(28) (28) 200419109 In order to prevent the internal pressure of the slurry chamber 78 from rising excessively. As described above, 'this embodiment can solve the problems of the basic gasification furnace, (a) blockage of the pipeline 6, (b) charging time in the furnace, (c) discharge of unused carbon, and (d) hazardous waste. Control of the position of the upper end surface, (e) regeneration of halogen-based raw materials, (f) loading of hazardous waste, and (g) the pressure rise in the slurry is 73, so as to obtain high performance of the basic gasification furnace. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the gasification and melting operation can be stably performed on a commercial scale for a long period of time, and a method and a device for treating wastes with high practicality can be provided. Examples The present invention will be specifically described with reference to the following examples. In the following description, the unit of the injection amount (Nm3 / h〇 is m3 (standard state) / hr.) The gasification melting test of waste is performed using the gasification furnace 1 shown in Fig. 1. The gasification furnace The size of each part of 1, the upper air outlet 10, the lower air outlet 1 1 The number and configuration of other installation components are as follows. In addition, the slag and / or molten metal discharge port is slightly referred to as the slurry discharge port. Dimension furnace diameter: 2. 0 m (however, the inner diameter after lining refractory 2) furnace height: 6.0m (however, the inner diameter after lining refractory 2 from the furnace bottom to the top of the furnace) from the melt outlet 7 8 The degree from the upper end to the lower end of the waste inlet 4: 2. 8 m -32- (29) (29) 200419109 The height from the upper end of the slurry discharge port 7 8 to the lower tuyere n of the lower section is:.  8 m from the upper end of the slurry discharge outlet 7 8 to the lower air outlet n in the upper section.  6 m Degree from the upper end of the slurry discharge outlet 7 8 to the upper air outlet n in the lower stage: 3. 9 m Smell from the upper end of the slurry discharge port 7 8 to the upper air outlet 1 丨 in the upper section: 4. 7m (2) Quantity Lower air outlet 11: 3 in the circumferential direction, 1 section in the furnace height direction Upper air outlet 10: 3 in the circumferential direction, 2 sections in the furnace height direction Steam injection into the air outlet 3 3. : 3 pieces in the circumferential direction, 1 piece in the furnace height direction of the furnace center block 9: 1 melt outlet: 1 position measuring device for measuring the position of the upper end surface of the waste 7 9: 1 (3) equipped with a scarlet air outlet 11 : 120 degrees at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, protruding from the surface of the front lined refractory 2 to the inside of the furnace by 100 mm, and set the upper air outlet 1 0: 120 degrees at each interval in the circumferential direction, offset by 45 degrees from the furnace axis Furnace center block 9: Placed at the furnace center (on the furnace shaft) Melt discharge outlet 7 8: Placed at the furnace bottom end position measuring device 7 9: Furnace center block 9 and side walls The waste 3 used for the test is shredded Machine dust and high-concentration chlorinated plastic-33- (30) (30) 200419109 crumbs, whose compositions are shown in Tables 1 to 3. That is, Table 1 shows the industrial analysis of waste 3 and auxiliary raw materials (mass%), Table 2 shows the combustible composition (mass%) in waste 3 and auxiliary raw materials, and Table 3 shows the removal of waste 3 and auxiliary Non-combustible composition (mass%) of the amount of metal in the raw material.

-34- (31) 200419109 Combustible amount (%) Fixed carbon non-combustible amount (%) Moisture (%) Dry waste 8 1.2 (19.0) 9.8 9.0 Shredder dust 5 1.0 (5.4) 36.8 12.2 Plastic scraps M 96.5 (11.9) 3.3 0.2 Waste wood 79.1 (40.0) 0.9 20.0 Limestone 0.0 98.3 1.7

* 1: Use high-concentration chlorinated plastic for plastic chips. Table 2 C 〇〇Ν S T.C1 Moisture dry waste 40.0 6.3 3 3.2 0.9 0.1 0.7 9.0 Shredder dust 40.3 5.1 2.1]. 7 0.5 1 .3 12.2 Plastic chips 3 7.6 4.7 6.2 0.1 0. 1 47.8 0.2 Waste wood 40.0 4.8 34.2 0. 1 20.0 Limestone 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Sickle 1.7

1: Use high-concentration chlorinated plastic for plastic shavings -35- (32) 200419109 Table 3

Si02 CaO A 1 2 〇3 Fe203 N a〗 〇k2〇CaC03 Dry waste 2.7 1 .8 1.2 0.25 0.5 0.3 0.0 Shredder dust 9.6 8.3 1 .6 1 .8 1.2 0.2 0.0 Plastic shavings * 1 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 Waste wood 0.02 0.35 0.03 0.03 0.08 0.08 0.0 Limestone 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 97.3 1: Use high-concentration chlorinated plastic for plastic shavings (setting order of processing conditions) Put the carbon 32 into the furnace from the loading device 28 , Stacked to a height of 1.5m. The tinder is charged into the upper end surface of the concrete filling layer of the carbon material 32, and the carbon material 32 in the furnace is ignited by the combustion-supporting gas 9a from the furnace center block 9. Oxygen flows in from the lower air outlet 11 and the upper air outlet 10 sequentially. The amount of air supplied by the combustion-supporting gas and the amount of the carbon material 32 were adjusted to raise the temperature in the furnace to a predetermined temperature. The input of the waste 3 was started, and the charging of the carbon 32 was stopped. Lowering to the position 9 of the upper end face of the waste 3 loaded with the combustion of the waste 3, the waste 3 was sequentially loaded so that the position was maintained at 1.5 m. Adjust the amount of oxygen injected from the furnace center block 9, the upper air outlet 10 and the lower air outlet 1 1 so that the temperature measured by the thermocouple near the upper end face of the loaded waste 3 is always maintained above 600 ° C, and the freeboard space The temperature measured by the thermocouple is often maintained above 1000 ° C and below 1 400 ° C. -36- (33) (33) 200419109 In other words, when the falling speed of the waste is accelerated, and the processing amount of the waste 3 is scheduled to prevent the position of the upper end face of the waste 3 to be maintained at the predetermined position, depending on the lower air outlet 11 and the occasion The amount of oxygen injected from the furnace center block 9 is reduced. When the temperature near the upper end surface of the waste 3 is less than 60 ° C, increase the oxygen injection amount from the furnace center block 9. When the temperature of the freeboard space is less than 1 000 ° C, increase the oxygen concentration from the upper air outlet 10 °. Injection amount. On the contrary, when the temperature of the freeboard space exceeds 1 400 ° C, the injection amount of oxygen from the furnace center block 9 is reduced according to the upper air outlet 10 and the occasion. The slag discharged from the slurry discharge port 78 is measured And the temperature of the molten metal is lower than a predetermined temperature (at least the temperature at which one of the slag and the molten metal is not hardened, in this embodiment, it is 1 400 ° C or more and 1 600 ° C or less.) The supply amount of the combustion-supporting gas is 1 la. In addition, the components of the slag and the molten metal are analyzed, and the amount of limestone input is adjusted to form a predetermined slag basicity. The operations (f) to (h) are repeated. 'In this example, (i) the blockage of the pipeline 6, (ii) the charging time in the furnace, (iii) the reduction of unused carbon, (iv) the control of the position of the upper end surface of the waste, (v) the raw materials of halogen The regeneration test results are listed below. (1) Opposition In order to obtain the effect of the clogging removal device 16 and the clogging prevention device in the pipeline 6, the injection of cold coal 12 is to add 20 kg / hr of low boiling point materials such as stray and fresh to the shredder dust. The test is easy to block the pipeline 6. The operating elements and test results are summarized in Table 4. -37- (34) 200419109 Table 4 Comparative Example 1 Example of the present invention 1 Example 2 of the present invention Crushing dust 400 400 400 (kg / hr) Lead 20 20 20 Zinc 20 20 20 Change in furnace pressure and pressure difference between inlet and outlet of pipe 6 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 (clogging occurs) (no clogging occurs) (clogging does not occur) Cold spray (kg / hr) 0 0 40 Medium 12 N2 gas (Nm3 / hr) 0 90 0 Supply air furnace center block 9 80 80 80 (Nm3 / hr) Upper air outlet 10 80 80 80 Lower air outlet 11 60 60. 60 from LPG (Nm3 / h) at the lower air outlet 11 8 8 8 In the furnace (except Fan) () ^ 13 / '11) 40 40 40 Temperature at the upper part of the furnace (° CJ 『setting device 80) 1150 1150 1150 Inlet temperature of pipe 6 (° C5 measuring device 81) 1100 950 950 Displacement (wet-Nm3 / hr) 643 733 691 CO 32.5 28.5 30.3 C02 14.9 13.1 13.9 h2 21.9 19.2 20.4 Exhaust ( ) H2o 23.4 20.5 28.6 n2 6.2 17.7 5.8 h2s 0.1 0.1 0.1 HC1 1.0 0.9 0.9 gas outlet conduit 6 of heat (kcal / dry-Nm3) 2019 1706 2019

-38- (35) (35) 200419109 (Comparative Example 1) Comparative Example 1 is an example in which the injection of cold coal 12 from the cold coal injection nozzle 13 is not performed as shown in Fig. 1. The temperature at which the energy gas is generated is measured by a temperature measuring device 80 at the upper part of the furnace as Π 50 ° C, and an inlet temperature measuring device 8 of the pipe 6 is about 1 100 ° C. Fig. 9 shows the results of the differential pressure measurement at the inlet and outlet of the pipe 6 in a graph. Further, in each of the diagrams subsequent to FIG. 9 (FIGS. 9 to 14), 'the vertical axis P is the pressure (mmH20), the vertical axis d is the number of operating days (say), and the symbol 0 is the pipe 6 The differential pressure between the inlet side and the outlet side, the △ mark indicates the pressure inside the furnace. As shown in Fig. 9, this differential pressure is opened 20 days after the start of operation, and the power increase is started. When the differential pressure of the pipe 6 becomes' 300 mm H20, the furnace is lowered and the inside of the pipe 6 is observed. As a result, adherents were observed around the entire inner wall of the pipeline 6 (Example 1 of the present invention). In Example 1 of the present invention, nitrogen gas was injected as cold coal 12 from the cold coal jet nozzle 13 to cause the generated energy gas to flow in. Line 6 was cooled before. The temperature of the energy gas in the temperature measuring device 80 is 1 150 ° C, and the temperature measuring device 8 in the inlet of the pipeline 6 is about 9 50 ° C. In addition, the temperature of the energy gas immediately before the air cooling device flowing into the rear stage is about 850 ° C. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the heat of the recovered energy gas was reduced by the injection of nitrogen gas. Table 10 shows the results of measuring the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the pipeline 6 in a chart -39- (36) (36) 200419109. As shown in Fig. 10, no increase in the differential pressure between the inlet portion and the outlet portion of the pipe 6 occurred. Moreover, the inside of the pipe 6 was observed after the operation was stopped, and no adhered matter was observed. (Example 2 of the present invention) Example 2 of the present invention is an example in which atomized water (spray) having a particle diameter of 200 // m or less is sprayed from the cold coal injection nozzle 丨 3 shown in the figure. The temperature of the energy gas in the temperature measuring device 80 is 1 150. (: The temperature measuring device 81 at the inlet of the pipeline 9 is 95 0 ° C. The temperature of the energy gas immediately before the gas-cooling device flowing into the rear stage is about 850 ° C. The pipeline 6 is shown in a graph in Figure 11 The results of the measurement of the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the pipe. As shown in Figure 1Γ, there is no increase in the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the pipe 6 during operation. Adhesion was not observed. In addition, the heat of the recovered energy gas was the same as that of Comparative Example 1, and cold coal 2 showed priority over Example 1 of the present invention in which an inert gas was injected. The amount of spray used in the reduction is only approximately the same as the amount of spray sprayed from the nozzles 13. (2) Mechanical Removal of the Clogs Comparative Example 2 and Examples 3 to 4 of the present invention illustrate the removal of clogs according to the present invention. The effects of the device 16 are shown in Table 5 with the operating elements and test results. 0-40- (37) 200419109 (37)

Table 5 Comparative Example 2 Inventive Example 3 Inventive Example 4 Dust in the grinder 400 400 400 (kg / hr) Lead 20 20 20 Zinc 20 20 20 Furnace pressure, pipe 6-way in-out differential pressure Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Operating conditions of the drive shafts 19-1, 19-2 Internal pressure of the furnace ^ 50mm Differential pressure of the pipeline inlet-outlet $ Actuated with H20 50mm every 8 hours Acted with H20 Periodically operated supply air oxygen furnace center block 9 80 80 80 (Nm3 / hr) Upper air outlet 10 80 80 80 Lower air outlet 11 60 60 60 LPG (Nm3 / h) from the lower air outlet 11 8 8 8 N2 (Nm3 / h) removed from the furnace 40 40 40 Furnace gas output oet-Nm3 / hr ) 643 643 643 CO 32.5 32.5 32.5 C0 2 14.9 14.9 14.9 h2 21.9 21.9 21.9 Gas composition (%) h2o 23.4 23.4 23.4 n2 6.2 6.2 6.2 h2s 0.1 0.1 0.1 HC1 1.0 1.0 1.0 Run time about 1 hour about 3 minutes about 3 minutes As a result, the drive shaft 19-1, even if performed 300 times or more, even if performed 300 times or more 19-2. Durable operation of the drive shaft will not be deformed. Operation will not be deformed. There is no operation for generating leaks more than 300 times. Operation questions is no problem -41-- (38) (38) 200 419 109 (Comparative Example 2) 2 'disregard for Comparative Example 2 represents the differential pressure prediction means Zhi FIG. 18, the pressure in the furnace according to the predicted degree of blocking. Then, the drive shafts 9_i and 19-2 are raised and lowered to remove the obstruction. The measurement results of the differential pressure between the inlet D part and the outlet part of the pipe 6 are shown in a graph in Fig. 12. Lift the drive shaft at point a in the graph in Fig. 12] 9 _ 1; [9-2 to move up and down to remove obstructions. As shown in Fig. 12, even if the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the pipe 6 is increased by more than 100 mmH2O relative to the base (0 mmH2O), the pressure in the furnace does not increase. That is, when the change in the pressure in the furnace is compared with this differential pressure, it can be seen that the response to the clogging of the pipe 6 is slow. The pressure inside the furnace increased significantly. This was due to the increase in pressure of the differential pressure measuring device 18 of the base (0mmH2 0) by 300mmH2O or more. Although the drive shafts 1 9-1, 9-2 are actuated at this time, it takes about one hour to remove the blockage. In addition, as a result of continuous operation for a long time, the leak of gas in the furnace can be recognized from the airtight portion 225 of the differential pressure measuring device. In order to increase the life of the block removal device] .6, it is important to consider that the drive shaft is actuated when the degree of blockage of the pipeline 6 is light] 9 _ 1, 1 9-2. Therefore, instead of observing the pressure in the furnace, it is better to continuously observe the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the pipe 6 relative to the blockage inside the pipe 6 to effectively respond as quickly as possible. (Example 3 of the present invention) Example 3 of the present invention raises and lowers the drive shaft 1 9 -1, 1 9-2 shown in Fig. 2 -42- (39) (39) 200419109 based on the pressure of the differential pressure measuring device I 8. Remove the blockage. The measurement results of the differential pressure between the inlet portion and the outlet portion of the pipe 6 are shown in a graph in FIG. 13. The driving shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are raised and lowered at point B in the graph of 13 to remove the obstruction. As shown in FIG. 13, when the pressure of the differential pressure measuring device 18 is increased relative to the base (0 mmH2O) by 50 mm H2 or more and the drive shaft is operated at 19-1, 1-9-2, it takes about 3 minutes. The differential pressure measuring device 18 of the working operation recovers the substrate 値 (0mmH2O) and can then perform stable operation. Even if this operation is performed more than 300 times, the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 will not be deformed, and gas leakage from the furnace in the airtight portion 22 will not occur. HP, observe the differential pressure of the pipeline 6, and effectively make the differential pressure measuring device 18 operate to detect the signs of the pipeline 6 being blocked as soon as possible. (Example 4 of the present invention) In Example 4 of the present invention, regardless of the differential pressure measuring device 18 and the pressure inside the furnace, the drive shafts 1 9 · 1 and 19-2 shown in the first figure are periodically displayed every 8 hours. Lift once. Fig. 14 shows the results of measuring the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the pipe 6 in a graph. As shown in FIG. 14, the pressure of the differential pressure measuring device 18 does not form 10 mm or more. Even if it is continuously operated for 100 days, the pipeline 6 will not be blocked, and the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 will not be deformed. And the gas leaked from the airtight portion 22. (i i) Charging time in the furnace -43 · (40) (40) 200419109 Table 6 shows Comparative Example 3 and Example 5 of the present invention, both of which are explanations for heating the furnace using a carbon material. Comparative Example 3 Inventive Example 5 Use of fuel LPG Coke charging is completed + heating completed 9 6 hours 4 8 hours, with austenoids < 0.01ng-TEQ / Nm3 < 0.01.-TEQ / Nm3 Output (Comparative Example 3). It takes 4 to 8 hours for Comparative Example 3 to heat up the furnace by burning the burner. Subsequently, although the loading of the waste 3 was started, it took more than 48 hours to raise the height level of the upper end surface of the loading to 1.5 mm of the target 値 (control 値). That is, it takes 96 hours to complete the adjustment of the height level of the upper end surface of the load after the start of heating (the furnace charging time) (Example 5 of the present invention). In Example 5 of the present invention, the charcoal is charged from the stage of heating. While measuring the height level of the upper end surface of the load during heating, adjust the loading amount of carbon material in order. Therefore, when the heating is completed, the height level of the upper end surface of the load reaches the target level (control level). Therefore, the time required for the formation of waste to start -44- (41) (41) 200419109 is 48 hours, which can be reduced by half in Comparative Example 3. In addition, as a result of using a halogen concentration of 0.1% or less as a carbon material, the amount of austenin to be discharged during temperature rise can be suppressed to a very low level. (i i i) Reduction of unused carbon Table 7 shows the test results of Comparative Example 4 and Example 6 of the present invention.

-45- (42) 200419109 Table 7 Comparative Example 4 Inventive Example 6 Shredder Dust (kg / hr) 400 400 Air Supply Oxygen Furnace Center Block 9 80 80 (Nm3 / lir) Upper Vent 10 75 84 Lower Vent 11 60 60 Steam injection (kg / hr) 0 18 LPG (Nm3 / h) from the lower air outlet 11 8 8 in the furnace (> ^ 3/11) 40 40 gas amount at the top of the furnace (wet-Nm3 / hr) 643 688 Furnace gas temperature (° C) 1150 1150 CO 33.3 33.4 C02 14.1 14.2 h2 22.8 22.9 Gas (%) h2o 22.5 22.7 n2 6.2 5.8 h2s 0.1 0.1 HC] 1.0 0.9 Solid metal (kg / hr) 3.2 3.2 Temperature CC) 1480 1480 Actual amount of sludge (kg / hr) 142 142 Temperature (° C) 1480 1480 Unused C amount (kg-C / hr) 15 3 Heat generation of gas (kcal / dry-Nm3) 2058 2070

-46-(43) (43) 200419109 (Comparative Example 4) Comparative Example 4 shows the test results when the steam injection nozzle 3 3 injects 18 kg / hr of steam from the first figure. The amount of unused carbon is reduced to 3kg-C / hr. In addition, as the amount of unused carbon decreases, the amount of CO gas generated is increased, and the vapor is converted to hydrogen, which can increase the amount of generated gas generated by 3 units of waste. Also, the gas calorific value per INm3 (dry air) of the gas also increased from 2058kcal / Nm3 to 2070kcal / Nm3. The same result can be obtained by simultaneously injecting steam from the furnace center block 9 or the upper tuyere 33 and the column-flammable gas. (Example 6 of the present invention) Example 6 of the present invention shows the test results when the steam injection nozzle 33 shown in Fig. 1 injects 18 kg / hr of steam. The amount of unused carbon is reduced to 3kg-C / hr. In addition, as the amount of unused carbon decreases, the amount of CO gas generated is increased, and the vapor is converted to hydrogen, which can increase the amount of generated gas generated by 3 units of waste. In addition, the gas calorific value per INm3 (dry air) of the gas also increased from 2 05 8kcal / Nni3 to 2 0 7 0 k c a 1 / N m 3. The same result can be obtained by injecting steam from the furnace center block 9 or the upper tuyere 33 and the column-flammable gas simultaneously. (iv) Control of the position of the upper end surface of the waste Comparative Example 5 and Example 7 of the present invention show the results of controlling the height of the filling layer with the carbon material input. The results are summarized in Table 8. -47- (44) 200419109 Table 8 Comparative Example 5 Inventive Example 7 Loader (kg / hr) Shredder dust 400 400 Waste wood 0 80 Air supply furnace center block 9 80 80 (Nm3 / hr) Upper vent 10 75 83 Lower air outlet 11 60 60 Lower oxygen outlet 11 (Operation / Day) 20 2 Upper air outlet 10 (Operation / Day) 35 3 LPG (Nm3 / h) from lower air outlet 11 8 8 Furnace removal in the furnace ... !!! 3 / !!) 40 40 Upper level of waste (mm) 1450 ~ 1550 1450 ~ 1550 Gas volume at the top of the furnace (wet-Nm3 / hi) '643 766 Gas temperature at the top of the furnace fc) 1150 1150 CO non 35.5 C0 2 14.1 12.1 h2 22.8 25.8 Gas composition (%) h2o 22.5 20.5 n2 6.2 5.2 h2s 0.1 0.1 HC] 1.0 0.8 Solid metal (kg / hr) 3.1 3.2 Temperature fc) 1470 1480 Solid sludge (kg / hr) 142 145 Temperature (° C) 1470 1480 (45) (45) 200419109 (Comparative Example 5) Comparative Example 5 is a gasification melting treatment of shredder dust, and the fuel is not supplied with carbon materials such as waste materials. It is a LP of 8 Nm3 / hr sprayed from the lower tuyere 11. As shown in Table 1, the amount of carbon (solid carbon) in the thermal decomposition residue contained in the shredder dust is 5.4%, which is less than that of dried municipal waste. In Comparative Example 5, the method of controlling the height level of the upper end surface of the waste 3 is to control the amount of the column combustible gas sent from the lower tuyere 11. That is, when the height level of the upper end surface is lower than the target, the amount of columnar flammable gas will be reduced, and conversely higher than the target radon will increase the amount of columnar flammable gas. Further, as the combustion-supporting gas of the lower tuyere 11 decreases, the amount of the combustion-supporting gas from the lower tuyere 11 increases even when the discharge of slag and molten metal decreases. As shown in Table 8, in Comparative Example 5, in order to maintain the level of the upper end surface of the waste 3 at 1 450 mm to 1 550 mm of the target puppet, it is necessary to frequently operate the amount of the combustion-supporting gas from the lower tuyere 11 and from the upper portion. The amount of the combustion-supporting gas at the tuyere 10 is based on the amount of the combustion-supporting gas from the lower tuyere 11 being 20 times per day, and the amount of the combustion-supporting gas from the upper tuyere 10 is 35 times per day. (Example 7 of the present invention) Example 7 of the present invention is an example in which waste wood is used as a carbon material. The amount of the combustion-supporting gas from the lower tuyere 11 and the upper tuyere 10 hardly changes, and the position of the upper end of the waste 3 can be controlled within the target control range. That is, especially when the waste 3 with a small amount of fixed carbon is targeted, the control of -49- (46) (46) 200419109 of the upper position of the waste 3 can be easily performed by the input of the carbon material 8 and / or the carbon material 36. . (v) Elemental regeneration of halogen Table 9 shows the elements and results of the halogen recovery test according to the flow chart shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5. Among them, the recovery of chlorine, which is a representative substance of halogen, is described below as an example.

-50- (47) 200419109 Table 9 Example of the present invention 8 Example 9 of the present invention After dust removal by the hydrochloric acid recovery method (Figure 4) After gas cooling (Figure 5) Plastic shavings (kg / hr) 400 400 Total supply air (Nm3 / hr ) 191 191 LPG (Nm3 / h) from the lower air outlet 11 18 18 N2 (Nm3 / h) is removed from the furnace 60 60 The amount of gas on the top of the furnace 0et-Nm3 / hr 771 771 The temperature of the gas on the top of the furnace ΓΟ 1150 1150 (%) CO 42.2 42.2 C0 2 3.4 3.4 h2 25.6 25.6 h2o 5.3 5.3 n2 7.8 7.8 h2s 0.1 0.1 HC1 15.6 15.6 Solid metal (kg / hr) 0.1 0.1 Temperature Cc) 1460 1460 Solid sludge (kg / hr) 13 13 Temperature fc) 1460 1460 Chlorine input in the furnace (kg-Cl / hr) 191 191 Chlorine recovery (kg-Cl / hr) 189 189

-51-(48) (48) 200419109 (Example 8 of the present invention) In Example 8 of the present invention, a chlorine recovery test was performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG. That is, the high-heat gas 40 generated in the furnace of the gasification furnace 1 is cooled by the air-cooling unit 42 and the dust 57 is disposed below the air-cooling device 42. The dust 47 is removed by the dust-removing device 46, and then hydrochloric acid is recovered. The plastic shavings used are those shown in Table 2 that contain high concentrations of chlorine. As shown in Table 9, the total amount of chlorine introduced into the gasification furnace 1 was 191 kg-Cl / hr, but 189 kg-Cl / hr of chlorine was recovered through the halogen recovery device 48 and the halogenation device 55. In addition, the plastic chips in the gasification furnace 1 were thermally decomposed and gasified at a temperature of 1000 ° C or more, and the generated gas was quenched to 170 ° C by an air-cooling device 4 2, and then discharged. The concentration of dioxin contained in Qi 53 was suppressed to a very low level. In addition, the gas exhausted from the air-cooling device 42 is maintained at 130 ° C or higher until it is introduced into the halogen recovery device 48. In addition, the dust removal device 46 and the subsequent piping are made of a corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant nickel-based alloy, and FRP is used as a material of the halogen recovery device 48. As a result, corrosion of the used equipment does not occur. (Example 9 of the present invention) Example 9 of the present invention is a chlorine recovery test according to the flowchart shown in FIG. That is, the cooling device 42 cools the high-energy gas 40 generated in the furnace to less than 100 ° C, and condenses the hydrogen chloride-containing gas to recover hydrochloric acid. As shown in FIG. 9, the amount of chlorine introduced into the gasification furnace 1 is 191 kg-Cl / hr. . In addition, as in the case of Inventive Example 8-52- (49) 200419109, the plastic chips charged were thermally decomposed and vaporized at a temperature above 100 ° C, and the cooling device body was rapidly cooled to below 100 ° C. The exhaust gas 70 concentration is suppressed to a low level. (Industrial Applicability) According to the present invention, a basic problem can be solved, specifically (a) clogging of a pipeline, (b) (c) discharge of unused carbon, (d) upper end of waste ( e) Regeneration of halogen-based raw materials, (f) Hazardous waste, and g) Increase in internal pressure of the melting chamber, thereby enabling higher performance: Therefore, according to the present invention, a commercial-scale gasification furnace operation, a reliable waste treatment method and a treatment apparatus can be continuously performed. [Brief description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the waste gas used in the embodiment for the gas lighting. Fig. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing an object removing device for removing wastes adhering to the inner wall of a pipe in the pneumatic method of the embodiment. Fig. 3 shows a fiber mirror drive provided at the front end. Fig. 4 shows the furnace charging time and surface of the inside of the furnace 1 for recovering the halogen in the embodiment. The position control, the loading of materials, or (the basic gasification furnace is stable for a long period of time, and it has practical practical details. The high-efficiency furnace is a detailed explanation of the chemical furnace, and the machine is attached to the axis. Figure-53- (50) (50) 200419109 Figure 5 shows the system flow explanation for the halogen recycling embodiment. Figure 6 shows the system flow explanation for the halogen recycling embodiment. Figure 7 shows the recycling embodiment. Fig. 8 is a simplified explanatory diagram showing a simplified gasification furnace portion in which a slurry chamber is provided in the gasification furnace shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 9 shows an inlet portion and an outlet portion of a pipeline. Graph of differential pressure measurement results. Figure 10 shows a graph of differential pressure measurement results at the inlet and outlet of the pipeline. Figure 11 shows graphs of differential pressure measurement results at the inlet and outlet of the pipeline. Table 2] Figure 2 shows the results of the differential pressure measurement at the inlet and outlet of the pipeline. Figure 13 shows the results of the differential pressure measurement at the inlet and outlet of the pipeline. Figure 14 shows the tube. Graph of differential pressure measurement results at the entrance and exit of the road. Component comparison table 1: Gasification furnace 1: Furnace -54- (51) (51) 200419109 2: Lined refractory 3: Waste 4: Disposal Material inlet 5: gas outlet 6: pipeline 6a: inlet 6b: outlet 7: push rod 8: carbon material 9: furnace center block 9a: combustion-supporting gas 10: upper vent 10a: combustion-supporting gas 1 1: Lower air outlet 1 1 a: Combustible gas 1 1 b: Fuel 1 2: Refrigerant 1 3, 1 4: Nozzle 15: Gas 16: Attachment removal device 17: Attachment 1 8: Differential pressure measurement device 1 9-1, 1 9 — 2: Drive shaft 20: Lifting device -55- (52) (52) 200419109 21: Cooling water 22: Air leakage prevention device 23: Valve 24: Standby position 28: Loading device 29: Double gate valve 2 9 a: Upper gate valve 2 9 b: Lower gate valve 3 0: Monitoring window in the furnace 32: Carbon 3 3: Nozzle 3 4: Steam 3 5: Unused carbon 3 6: Carbon 3 8: Slag 3 9: melting Metal 40: High heat gas 41: Pipe 42: Air-cooled device 4 3: Nozzle 44: Spray 4 5: Pipe 46: Dust removal device 4 7: Pipe-56- (53) 200419109 4 8: Halogen recovery device 49 : Water 5 0: nozzle 5 1: condensed water 52: acid 5 3: energy gas 5 4: nozzle 5 5: halogenation device

56: halogen 5 8: condensed water 5 9: sludge 60: filtration device 61: acid 62: condensed water 6 5: separation tower 66: acid 7 1: caustic soda 72: water d: outer diameter -57-

Claims (1)

(1) (1) 200419109 Scope of patent application 1. A method for treating waste, characterized in that the waste is charged into a waste treatment furnace, and at least one of the waste is burned, gasified or melted. During one treatment, the exhaust gas generated by the treatment of at least one of them is connected to the furnace body of the waste treatment furnace and cooled in a furnace near the inlet of the exhaust pipe leading to a pipe outside the furnace body. 2. A method for treating waste, characterized in that the waste is charged into a furnace, a furnace, a gas exhaust port disposed on the upper part of the furnace, and a slag and / or molten metal disposed on the lower part of the furnace. A discharge port; a waste loading port arranged between the slag and / or molten metal discharge port and the gas discharge port; arranged on the upper part of the furnace body along the furnace shaft so that the combustion-supporting gas is sprayed downward into the furnace Furnace center block; the upper wall of the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet is more than 1 section; and the furnace between the waste inlet and the slag and / or molten metal outlet In a waste treatment furnace consisting of one or more air vents in the wall, when at least one of the combustion, gasification or melting of the waste is treated, the exhaust gas generated by the at least one treatment is connected to the waste. The furnace body of the material processing furnace is cooled in the furnace near the entrance of the exhaust pipe leading to a pipe outside the furnace body. 3. The method for treating waste as described in item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the exhaust gas is sprayed with at least one of water, production gas, inert gas or steam near the entrance of the pipeline. The formed cold coal is cooled. 4 · A method for treating waste, characterized in that the waste is filled with -58- (2) (2) 200419109 into: a furnace body; a gas exhaust port arranged on the upper part of the furnace body; and a lower part of the furnace body A slag and / or molten metal discharge port; a waste loading port arranged between the slag and / or molten metal discharge port and the gas discharge port; arranged along the furnace shaft at the upper part of the furnace body so as to facilitate combustion The gas is sprayed downwards into the furnace center block for the furnace; the upper wall of the furnace wall is arranged between the waste loading inlet and the gas discharge opening by more than one section; and the waste loading inlet and the slag and / or melting In the waste treatment furnace consisting of one or more tuyeres between the wall of the metal discharge port, when at least one of the waste is burned, gasified, or melted, the waste is freely moved back and forth. The furnace body can guide the exhaust gas generated by the treatment of at least one of them to the inside of at least one of the linear portions of the pipeline outside the furnace body, and is determined based on the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the pipeline. As a result, it is estimated that the clogging condition inside the pipeline causes at least one scraping member composed of a conical shape for scraping off the attachments on the inner surface of the pipeline to operate. 5. The method for treating waste as described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein when the measurement result of the differential pressure shows a tendency to increase compared with the start of operation, the at least one scraping member is operated. 6. The method for treating waste as described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the at least one of the above-mentioned scraping members is periodically operated within a predetermined period within a range of 1 hour to 24 hours. 7. A method for treating waste, characterized in that: a furnace body is provided; a gas exhaust port arranged on the upper part of the furnace body; a slag and / or molten metal exhaust port arranged on the lower part of the furnace body; The waste loading inlet between the slag and / or molten metal discharge port and the gas discharge port; -59- (3) (3) 200419109 above the furnace body is arranged along the furnace shaft so that the combustion-supporting gas is sprayed downward. Furnace center block for entering the furnace; upper air vents with more than one section placed on the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet; and the waste inlet and the slag and / or molten metal outlet When a waste treatment furnace consisting of a tuyere of more than one stage is arranged between the furnace walls, when the temperature of the waste treatment furnace is increased, carbon materials containing a total concentration of halogens of 0.1 to 1% by mass are charged into the waste treatment furnace, and the temperature is adjusted from the heating stage The height of the upper end surface of the contents inside the waste treatment furnace. 8. The method for treating waste as described in item 7 of the scope of the patent application, wherein before the temperature of the waste treatment furnace is increased, a carbon material having a total concentration of halogens of 0.1% by mass or less is charged in the inside of the furnace body, The waste loading path for loading waste into the furnace has two valves arranged in parallel. When the external valve is opened and the internal valve is closed, carbon is supplied to the external valve and the internal valve. Between the external side valve and the internal side valve after the external side valve is closed, the carbon material is charged into the upper end surface of the carbon material from the charging device into the furnace, and then the external side and / or The valve on the inner side sends a combustion-supporting gas from the furnace center block, and the combustion of the carbon material is started to start the temperature rise of the waste treatment furnace. 9. A method for treating waste, comprising: loading waste into a furnace body; a gas exhaust port disposed at an upper portion of the furnace body; and a discharge of molten slag and / or molten metal disposed at a lower portion of the furnace body. An outlet; a waste loading inlet arranged between the slag and / or molten metal discharge opening and the gas discharge opening; an upper portion of the furnace body arranged along the furnace shaft so that a combustion-supporting gas is sprayed downward into the furnace Furnace center block; the upper wall of the furnace wall is arranged between the waste loading inlet and the gas exhaust opening above 1 section; and the waste-60- (4) (4) 200419109 waste loading inlet with the above slag and / In the waste treatment furnace consisting of one or more tuyeres between the furnace wall or the outlet of the molten metal, when the waste is treated by at least one of combustion, gasification or melting, it is installed in the furnace. At least one of the one or more nozzles in the furnace wall between the center block, the upper air vent, or the waste loading inlet and the gas exhaust port directs the vapor toward the lower part of the furnace body and from the side wall toward Wherein at least one axis direction or the direction offset from a direction toward the side wall from the furnace into the axial direction of the jet. 10 · A method for treating waste, characterized in that: the waste is charged into a furnace body; a gas outlet port disposed on the upper part of the furnace body; a slag and / or molten metal disposed on the lower part of the furnace body; A discharge port; a waste loading port arranged between the molten slag and / or molten metal discharge port and the gas discharge port; arranged on the upper part of the furnace body along the furnace shaft so that the combustion-supporting gas is sprayed downward into the furnace The central block of the furnace; the upper wall of the furnace wall between the waste loading inlet and the gas exhaust opening is arranged at least one section; and between the waste loading inlet and the discharge opening of the slag and / or molten metal. In a waste treatment furnace consisting of one or more tuyere walls, when at least one of the waste is burned, gasified, or melted, the waste is not used in at least one of the above treatments. After the carbon discharged from the waste treatment furnace is mixed with the waste and compacted, the carbon is discharged into the waste treatment furnace again. 1 1 · A method for treating waste, characterized in that the waste is loaded into a furnace body; a gas outlet port disposed on the upper part of the furnace body; a slag and / or molten metal disposed on the lower part of the furnace body; A discharge port; a waste loading port arranged between the solvent-61-(5) (5) 200419109 slag and / or molten metal discharge port and the gas discharge port; arranged above the furnace body along the furnace shaft so that The combustion-supporting gas is sprayed downward into the furnace center block for the furnace; the upper wall of the furnace wall is disposed between the waste inlet and the gas outlet by more than one stage; and the waste inlet and the slag and / In the waste treatment furnace consisting of one or more tuyeres between the furnace wall or the discharge port of the molten metal, when the waste is treated by at least one of combustion, gasification or melting, the carbon material and the waste are discarded. After the materials are mixed and compacted, they are loaded into the waste treatment furnace. 12. The method for treating waste as described in item 11 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the carbon material has two valves arranged in parallel in a waste loading passage for a waste loading furnace, and an external side valve is opened. At the same time, in a state where the internal valve is closed, the carbon material is supplied to the space between the external valve and the internal valve. After closing the external valve, the internal valve is opened to make the carbon material loaded in the furnace. It is loaded via a loading device. 1 3-A method for treating waste, characterized in that the waste is charged into a furnace, a furnace, a gas exhaust port disposed at an upper portion of the furnace, and slag and / or molten metal disposed at a lower portion of the furnace. A waste discharge inlet disposed between the slag and / or molten metal discharge outlet and the gas discharge outlet; arranged on the upper part of the furnace body along the furnace shaft so that the combustion-supporting gas is sprayed downward into the furnace The central block of the furnace; the upper wall of the furnace wall between the waste loading inlet and the gas exhaust opening is arranged at least one section; and between the waste loading inlet and the discharge opening of the slag and / or molten metal. In the waste treatment furnace consisting of one or more tuyere walls, when at least one of the waste is burned, gasified, or melted, there is a parallel arrangement of -62- (6) (6) 200419109 While the two valves of the waste loading passage for waste loading into the furnace are opened, the internal side valve is closed, and carbon is supplied between the external side valve and the internal side valve. Space to close the nephew After the valve on the side is opened, the valve on the inner side is opened, and the carbon material charged in the furnace is charged into the carbon material through the charging device. 14. A method for treating waste, comprising: loading waste into a furnace body; a gas exhaust port disposed at an upper portion of the furnace body; and a discharge of molten slag and / or molten metal disposed at a lower portion of the furnace body. An outlet; a waste loading inlet disposed between the slag and / or molten metal outlet and the gas outlet; the upper part of the furnace body is arranged along the furnace shaft so that the combustion-supporting gas is sprayed downward into the furnace Furnace center block; the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet is provided with an upper air vent of more than one stage; and the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the outlet of the slag and / or molten metal In a waste treatment furnace consisting of one or more air outlets, when the waste is treated by at least one of combustion, gasification or melting, the waste is enclosed in a closed container and installed in parallel with the waste container. The waste into the furnace is filled with two valves in the passage. While the external valve is opened, the closed container is supplied with the closed container between the external valve and the internal valve. Room, closing the valve after the opening side of the outer side of the valve portion, so that the closed container charged into the furnace through the waste treatment apparatus described above was charged in the furnace. 15. A method for treating waste, characterized in that the waste is loaded into a furnace, a furnace, a gas discharge port disposed on the upper portion of the furnace, and slag and / or molten metal disposed on the lower portion of the furnace. The waste discharge port arranged between the molten-63- (7) (7) 200419109 waste discharge port and the gas discharge port; arranged along the furnace shaft in the upper part of the furnace body Furnace center block for injecting combustion-supporting gas into the furnace downward; the upper wall of the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet is provided with an upper air vent of more than one stage; the waste inlet and the slag and / One or more tuyeres are arranged on the furnace wall between the outlets of molten metal or molten metal; and the waste is formed by a slurry chamber for temporarily storing molten slag and molten metal such as molten metal placed on the bottom of the furnace. In the treatment furnace, when the waste is subjected to at least one of combustion, gasification, or melting, when the gas pressure inside the above-mentioned slurry chamber becomes 0.5 times or more than the design pressure of the slurry chamber, the storage is kept at The gas inside the slurry chamber It is discharged via the gas discharge port. 16. A method for treating waste, characterized in that the waste is charged into a furnace, a furnace, a gas exhaust port disposed on the upper part of the furnace, and a slag and / or molten metal disposed on the lower part of the furnace. A discharge port; a waste loading port arranged between the slag and / or molten metal discharge port and the gas discharge port; arranged on the upper part of the furnace body along the furnace shaft so that the combustion-supporting gas is sprayed downward into the furnace Furnace center block; upper air vent above the wall arrangement between the waste inlet and the gas outlet; and the furnace between the waste inlet and the slag and / or molten metal outlet In a waste treatment furnace consisting of one or more air vents in the wall, when at least one of the waste is burned, gasified, or melted, the waste gas is led out of the furnace through a pipeline connected to the gas exhaust port. The exhaust gas outside the body 'uses an acid recovery device to recover the hydrogen halide gas contained in the exhaust gas as an acid after dust removal, and then converts the recovered acid into a halogen, or connects to -64- (8) (8 200419109 The pipeline of the gas discharge port leads the exhaust gas outside the furnace to be cooled below 100 ° C, and the hydrogen halide gas contained in the exhaust gas after cooling is dissolved in the condensed water, and the halogenated gas contained in the exhaust gas is halogenated. After the hydrogen gas is recovered as an acid, the recovered acid is converted into a halogen. 17. The method for treating waste as described in item 16 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the above-mentioned waste is mixed with a chlorine-containing waste material having a halogen concentration of 10 mass ° / ❶ or more into the waste treatment furnace. in. 18. A kind of waste treatment device, comprising: a furnace body; a gas discharge port arranged on the upper part of the furnace body; a slag and / or molten metal discharge port arranged on the lower part of the furnace body; arranged on the slag And / or the waste loading inlet between the discharge port of the molten metal and the gas discharge port; arranged along the upper part of the furnace body, the furnace shaft is arranged so that the combustion-supporting gas is sprayed downward. The furnace center block for entering the furnace; the above The furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas discharge port is provided with an upper air vent of one stage or more; the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the slag and / or molten metal discharge port is provided with one or more air vents. ; And a slurry chamber for temporarily storing molten slag and molten metal generated at the bottom of the furnace body, and can perform at least one of combustion, gasification, or melting of the waste, and its characteristics When the pressure of the gas inside the slurry chamber is more than 0.5 times the design pressure of the slurry chamber, an exhaust device for discharging the gas stored in the interior of the slurry chamber through the gas discharge port is provided. 1 9 · A waste treatment device comprising: a furnace body; a gas discharge port arranged on the upper part of the furnace body; a slag and / or molten metal discharge port arranged on the lower part of the furnace body; arranged on the slag and And / or discharge of molten metal -65- (9) (9) 200419109 and a waste inlet between the gas outlet and the gas outlet; the upper part of the furnace body is arranged along the furnace shaft so that the combustion-supporting gas is sprayed downward into the furnace Furnace center block for use; the upper air vent with more than one section is arranged on the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet; and between the waste inlet and the slag and / or molten metal outlet The furnace wall is equipped with one or more air outlets, which can perform at least one of the combustion, gasification or melting of the waste. It is also characterized by: The exhaust gas is led out of a pipe outside the furnace body, and a cold coal composed of at least one of water, production gas, inert gas, or steam is injected into a supply portion for the furnace near the entrance of the pipe. 2 0. A kind of waste treatment device, equipped with a furnace body, capable of performing at least one of the waste: burning, gasification or melting of the waste, is further characterized by being further connected to the furnace body, and The exhaust gas generated by one of the processes is led out to a pipeline outside the furnace body, and a cold coal supply portion composed of at least one of water, production gas, inert gas or steam is provided near the pipeline inlet. Inside the furnace. 2 1. A kind of waste treatment device, comprising: a furnace body; a gas discharge port arranged on the upper part of the furnace body; a slag and / or molten metal discharge port arranged on the lower part of the furnace body; arranged on the slag And / or a waste loading inlet between the discharge port of the molten metal and the gas discharge port; a furnace center block arranged on the upper part of the furnace body along the furnace shaft to spray the combustion-supporting gas downward into the furnace; the waste The furnace wall between the inlet and the gas exhaust port is provided with an upper air vent of more than one stage; and the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the exhaust port of the slag and / or molten metal is disposed more than one stage of air vents, May -66-(10) 200419109 At least one of the combustion, gasification, or melting of the waste is treated, and further characterized in that it further includes a differential pressure for measuring a differential pressure between an inlet portion and an outlet portion of the pipeline. Pressure measuring device; reciprocally freely arranged inside at least one linear portion of a pipe connecting gas generated by at least one of the processes to the furnace body and leading out of the furnace body, according to the difference Wherein the scraper member at least one measurement result of scraping means of the inner surface of the conical shape of the conduit with the attachment. 22. —A kind of waste treatment device comprising: a furnace body; a gas discharge port arranged on the upper part of the furnace body; a slag and / or molten metal discharge port arranged on the lower part of the furnace body; arranged on the slag and And / or a waste loading inlet between the discharge port of the molten metal and the above-mentioned gas discharge port; a furnace center block arranged on the furnace body along the furnace axis so that the permeate gas is sprayed downward into the furnace; The upper wall of the furnace wall is arranged between the waste loading port and the gas discharge port by more than one stage; and the furnace wall is arranged between the waste loading port and the discharge port of the slag and / or molten metal by more than one stage. The air vent can be used for at least one of combustion, gasification or melting of the waste, and is further characterized in that it further comprises: loading the waste gas from the furnace central block, the upper air vent, or the waste gas, and the gas exhaust. At least one of the one or more nozzles of the furnace wall between the outlets faces at least one of the direction toward the lower part of the furnace body, the direction from the side wall toward the furnace axis, or the direction from the side wall toward the furnace axis. A steam supply system that injects steam into one direction. -67-