KR100671765B1 - Method and apparatus for treating waste - Google Patents

Abstract

(a) occlusion of the duct, (b) recharge time in the furnace, (c) release of unused carbon, (d) position control of the top surface of the waste, (e) recycling of halogenated materials, (f) introduction of hazardous waste, or (g) Provide methods and devices for the treatment of wastes that can address the rise in internal pressure of hot water storage rooms. The waste is disposed between the gas outlet disposed at the top of the furnace body and the furnace, the outlet of the molten slag and / or molten metal disposed at the bottom of the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag and / or molten metal and the gas outlet. At least one stage on the furnace wall between the waste inlet arranged at the top of the furnace, the furnace center lance disposed along the furnace at the top of the furnace, for introducing retardant gas into the furnace downwards, and between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. Into a waste treatment furnace having an upper wing formed therein and a wing disposed at one or more stages in the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the molten slag and / or the outlet of the molten metal, the waste being burned, gasified or melted at least. When performing one treatment, the exhaust gas generated by the at least one treatment is connected to the furnace for the waste treatment to guide the exhaust gas to the outside of the furnace. To cool in the furnace in the vicinity of the inlet of the agent.

Description

Waste treatment method and treatment device {METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TREATING WASTE}

The present invention relates to a waste treatment method and a treatment apparatus for treating at least one of combustion, gasification, or melting of waste such as general waste and industrial waste (hereinafter, simply referred to herein as "waste"). will be. In particular, the present invention recovers a gas (hereinafter simply referred to as "energy gas") that can be used as a fuel by gasifying organic matter contained in the waste, and recovering the low boiling point metal contained in these waste as dust. To recover the ashes and valuable metals (also referred to simply as "metals") contained in these wastes as molten slag and molten metal, respectively, and wastes for realizing these treatments on a commercial scale in a long term and stable manner. A processing method and a processing apparatus are related.

In the present invention, the waste is mainly composed of municipal waste represented by kitchen waste, for example, pieces of plastic or scraps of iron, shredder dust, incineration ash, and earth and sand of automobiles and household appliances that are disposed of. It means embedding garbage, mud, sludge, seasonal dust, medical waste and even waste wood.

Some wastes such as general wastes such as household waste and industrial wastes have been incinerated. However, when these wastes are incinerated, dioxins are generated at treatment temperatures of 200 to 600 ° C, particularly about 300 ° C. In addition, it is difficult to secure a final disposal site for incineration ashes, and recycling of wastes effectively is also required from the viewpoint of resource utilization. For this reason, conventional treatment of waste by incineration has not been sufficient.

Thus, the present applicant has, first of all, disclosed in WO 00/45090, a liftable central lance in which a retardant gas is inserted into the furnace downward along the furnace axis. One or more stages of upper flaps, which are arranged with the angle of retardant gas being displaced from the direction of the furnace, one or more stages that are pushed into the furnace and arranged to flush the retardant gas or retardant gas and fuel toward the furnace shaft. By using a gasification melting furnace having a wing tool, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a low temperature region inside the furnace body of the gasification melting furnace, and to concentrate a fire point for performing combustion treatment of waste. The invention regarding the gasification melting furnace and the gasification melting method was proposed. According to this invention, molten slag with high added value, various metals, and energy gas can be recovered stably.

However, the present inventors have intensively studied to further develop the gasification melting furnace (hereinafter referred to as "basic gasification melting furnace") proposed by International Publication No. WO 00/45090. There are the problems (a) to (g) listed in the above, and if the problems (a) to (g) are solved, the waste gas treatment method which can further improve the basic gasification melting furnace and can be applied to non-treatable wastes, and It was found that the processing device can be provided.

(a) occlusion of the duct

Recently, many waste treatment furnaces for burning, gasifying or melting waste have been used. However, in these treatments, depending on the type of waste, dust may adhere to and deposit on the inner wall of the duct through which the exhaust gas generated by the treatment flows, resulting in a blockage of the duct. For example, if the waste contains a large amount of low boiling point material, it evaporates in the furnace, and the evaporated portion attaches to the inner wall surface of the duct and then grows to occlude the duct. In such a case, the operation stop of the process is inevitably forced, and there is a possibility that stable operation cannot be performed for a long time.

In the basic gasification melting furnace, in order to suppress the discharge of dioxins, the gas is discharged from the gas outlet by setting the temperature of the gas present in the upper part of the furnace to be 1000 ° C or higher and 1400 ° C or lower, and 200 in the cooling device of the exhaust gas in the rear stage It is quenched to below 캜. In order to suppress generation | occurrence | production of dioxins especially, it is preferable to make temperature of the upper part of a furnace higher. However, since the gas temperature in the furnace is high, there is a fear that low boiling point substances contained in the waste evaporate in the furnace, a part of which adheres to the inner surface of the duct and grows, thereby occluding the duct.

Until now, as a technique for preventing the blockage of such a duct, an invention in which a refrigerant such as water or mist is introduced into the duct to cool and solidify a low boiling point gaseous substance in the exhaust gas to prevent adhesion to the duct (Japan Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-33027, No. 2002-349841, No. 7-197046, No. 8-219436, etc., or invention in which the attachment to the duct is scraped by a mechanical method (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002). -168433, etc. are known. However, these inventions have a problem listed below.

In other words, when a coolant is inserted into the duct, sufficient occlusion suppression effect may not be obtained depending on the type of waste and the location of the coolant. For example, even if the refrigerant is put inside the duct, since the exhaust gas temperature remains high near the inlet of the duct, low-boiling gaseous substances in the exhaust gas adhere to the inlet of the duct and finally close the duct. There is concern. In addition, when mist is sprayed inside the duct, if the spreading angle of the mist is not set properly with respect to the inner diameter of the duct, refrigerant such as mist collides or adheres to the inner wall of the duct, resulting in fine evaporation water. There is a possibility that control of the gas cooling device installed downstream of the gasification melting furnace becomes difficult.

On the other hand, when the low boiling point gaseous substance adheres to the inner wall of the duct and the duct is blocked, it is most effective to remove it using a mechanical removal means. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-168433 discloses a duct cleaning device having a drive shaft having a scraping blade inserted into the duct, and a drive means for rotating the drive shaft and reciprocating in the axial direction thereof. Is disclosed.

In this case, since the drive shaft reciprocates while rotating, there is a fear that leakage of gas generated in the furnace from the gas seal portion and suction of outside air into the duct may occur. In particular, in a furnace that generates CO gas in operation, there is a risk of leakage of CO gas to the outside. In addition, in the case where the CO gas is to be reused as energy, sucking the outside air leads to a reduction in calories of the gas obtained. In addition, although air for cooling the drive shaft flows near the center axis of the drive shaft, it is conceivable that the outer surface of the drive shaft is thermally damaged when the inside of the duct is at a high temperature. In particular, when the inside of the duct is markedly occluded, the load on the drive shaft is forced to increase, and thus, the time required for removing the obstruction is prolonged, and the thermal damage is further increased, resulting in damage to the apparatus. Both leakage of gas becomes remarkable.

(b) Recharge time in the furnace

When the waste is treated by the basic gasification melting furnace, it is important to control the height of the top surface of the waste put into the furnace at a predetermined level in order to stabilize the operation. In the start of this gasification melting furnace, waste is inputted after the furnace temperature reaches a predetermined temperature using combustion of the burner, and then the waste is gradually piled up, and the height of the waste upper end surface is adjusted to the target level. . However, it takes quite a long time to raise the height of the upper end face of the waste to a predetermined level.

In addition, during the temperature increase, since the combustion temperature in the furnace inevitably passes through a temperature range of 200 to 600 ° C., which is known to be easy to generate dioxin, waste having high halogen content such as chlorine, which is a constituent element of dioxin, When it is put in the step of furnace temperature rising and is piled up, dioxins are produced | generated at the start of this gasification melting furnace.

(c) emissions of unused carbon

In operation of the basic gasification melting furnace, a part of the carbon contained in the injected waste is scattered as it is unused and passed through the duct, and then recovered as dust by a vibration damper. In order to reduce unused carbon, it is conceivable to convert unused carbon into CO gas using an aqueous shift reaction (C + H ₂ O = CO + H ₂ ).

The H ₂ O is needed to proceed with the aqueous shift reaction. Here, although the waste contains moisture, most of the moisture contained in the waste is considered to be consumed in the gasification reaction of the pyrolysis residue carbon at a position lower than the top surface of the waste. For this reason, the amount of pyrolysis residue carbon burned in front of the lower wing decreases, and it is difficult to maintain a high combustion temperature in front of the lower wing, and melting of ash and metals contained in the waste, furthermore, molten slag or molten metal There is a fear that the gas can not be discharged stably. In addition, when a large amount of water is contained in the waste, the gas fluctuation immediately after the waste is put in is large, the operation is not stabilized, and the calories of the generated gas are also reduced by evaporation of the water. Therefore, it is also undesirable to include a large amount of moisture in the waste.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 8-152118 discloses that the combustion temperature at the upper wing level is lower than the melting temperature of the ash by supplying steam to the upper wing installed in the packed bed of waste, thereby pyrolyzing the upper wing level. An invention is disclosed in which the anti-melt is prevented from adhering to the walls of the furnace by suppressing the production of the semi-melt by combustion of residues or combustible gases. In other words, the steam introduced into the upper wing provided in the packed bed suppresses the combustion temperature at the height at which the upper wing is installed, and suppresses the formation of the semi-melt at this level. In addition to adhering steam into the packed bed, an aqueous shift reaction proceeds and carbonization of carbon can also be achieved.

However, when steam is put into the packed bed of waste and carbonization is carried out, carbon contained in the pyrolysis residue is consumed by the reaction with steam. For this reason, the amount of carbon burnt by the retardant gas supplied from the lower wing decreases, and it becomes difficult to keep the combustion temperature high in front of the lower wing. For this reason, there exists a possibility that the melting | fusing of the ash and metal contained in waste, and also the discharge of molten slag and molten metal cannot be performed stably.

(d) control of the location of the top surface of the waste;

Basic gasification melting furnace is a vertical furnace which burns waste, gasifies the organic substance in waste, collects it as an energy gas, and collects the ash and metal in waste as a melt. The gasification melting furnace includes a gas outlet formed in the upper part of the furnace body, a molten slag and a molten metal outlet formed in the lower part of the furnace body, a waste inlet formed between the molten slag and the molten metal outlet and the gas outlet, A liftable furnace center lance for placing the retardant gas into the furnace downwardly along the furnace shaft and an upper wing for retracting the retardant gas formed in one or more stages in the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. And a lower wing for discharging retardant gas or retardant gas and fuel toward the furnace direction, one or more stages being installed in the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the molten slag and the molten metal outlet, respectively. All. And this gasification melting furnace burns the carbon content in the pyrolysis residue of the waste heated at high temperature in the upper surface of the waste thrown in in a furnace, and melt | dissolves the ash and metal in a residue, even if expensive cost is not used.

However, it is conceivable that the components of the waste are not constant and are often heterogeneous, and in some cases, there is little carbon content in the pyrolysis residue. For example, since most of carbon contained in plastic chips, shredder dust and the like is gasified by pyrolysis reaction, carbon contained in pyrolysis residue is extremely small. For this reason, in order to maintain the position of the upper end surface of the waste put into the furnace, it is necessary to perform an operation of frequently adjusting the amount of the retardant gas to be fed from the lower wing tool and the furnace center lance, which requires skill in its operation.

(e) Halogen material recycling

Halogens, such as chlorine and bromine, contained in the wastes are sources of dioxin generation, and are required to be efficiently recycled as materials having high added value. However, no effective treatment method or recycling method for wastes having a high chlorine content is established. At present, waste containing halogens such as chlorine is incinerated by an incinerator, but since the combustion temperature is low, high gas treatment techniques are required to suppress the emission of dioxins.

In the basic gasification melting furnace, high concentration of oxygen is injected to gasify and melt the waste at high temperature, and the generated high-temperature gas is quenched by a gas cooling device, so that almost no dioxin is discharged and the waste containing a large amount of halogens is also detoxified. can do. The chlorine contained in the waste becomes hydrogen halide gas such as hydrogen chloride gas in the furnace, and the preparation of calcium hydroxide or the like is put into the vibration suppression equipment provided at the rear end of the gas cooling equipment and separated and removed from the generated gas. At this time, in order to suppress resynthesis of dioxins and corrosion by halogen, the outlet temperature of a gas cooling device shall be 120 degreeC or more and 200 degrees C or less, and also the temperature inside a vibration damper shall be 100 degreeC or more.

However, in the case of wastes containing a large amount of halogens, it is effective to recover chlorine or bromine halogens. However, in this gasification furnace, halogens are immobilized with calcium chloride or the like, so material recycling is difficult. Moreover, since the generated hydrogen halide gas becomes high concentration, corrosion of equipment also becomes easy to advance.

Further, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2001-162248 discloses waste plastics containing vinyl chloride at 250 to 500 ° C, and burns exhaust gas containing chlorine in a combustion device, and uses the combustion gas as a heat source in a boiler. A device for generating steam and simultaneously supplying and cooling the combustion gas after generating steam to cool the device, and recovering hydrogen chloride in the cooled gas by the chlorine recovery device is disclosed, and the exhaust gas temperature before the cooling device is disclosed. In order to suppress corrosion by hydrogen chloride, it is maintained at 200 degreeC or more.

However, on the temperature conditions of 200 degreeC or more, there exists a possibility of resynthesis | combination of dioxins. In addition, when plastic waste containing halogen is pyrolyzed and gasified at a low temperature of 500 ° C. or less, tar may be generated, which may cause clogging of piping.

In addition, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-202419 discloses a method for treating waste containing a halogen-containing flame retardant by removing hydrogen chloride generated by a gas washing device, which prevents equipment corrosion. Detailed temperature control conditions for suppressing are not described and are not clear.

(f) Input of hazardous waste

According to the basic gasification furnace, hazardous waste such as medical waste, contaminated soil and even polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) can be treated without harm.

These hazardous wastes fall into the furnace after they are introduced into the furnace and reach the top face of the waste packed bed, but before the waste introduced into the furnace reaches the top face of the packed bed, the low boiling point hazardous components are gasified and gasified. There is also a risk that the hazardous components may be discharged out of the furnace from the gas outlet while they are not sufficiently decomposed.

(g) Internal pressure rise of the hot water reservoir

International Publication No. WO 00/45090 discloses a preferred embodiment of a basic gasification melting furnace having a hot water storage chamber having a space therein for storing molten slag and molten metal once before discharging molten slag and molten metal. By installing this hot water storage chamber, the furnace always becomes a dry furnace in which molten slag or molten metal is not accumulated at the bottom of the furnace, and the operation of the furnace is stabilized.

However, in order to perform inspection of a facility, this gasification melting furnace may be temporarily stopped in the state which remained the residue or slag of waste in a furnace. In the subsequent start-up operation, waste remaining in the gasification melting furnace or cold slag may block the connection between the furnace and the hot water storage chamber, so that the gas generated inside the hot water storage chamber does not flow easily through the furnace body. In this case, the pressure in the hot water storage chamber increases, and there is a possibility that the gas leaks from the molten slag and the molten metal outlet.

MEANS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM This invention provides the following solving means with respect to the subject (a)-(g) regarding the above-mentioned basic gasification melting furnace.

(1) Solution to problem (a)

In the present invention, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the furnace is cooled in a step present in the furnace before entering the duct from the furnace body of a waste treatment furnace such as, for example, a basic gasification melting furnace. Specifically, for example, a refrigerant composed of at least one of water, an inert gas, a process gas, or steam is put in the vicinity of the outlet of the furnace (in the furnace near the duct inlet), and the exhaust gas is placed near the duct inlet. Cool in the furnace. As a result, the surface temperature of the low-boiling gaseous substance in the exhaust gas near the duct inlet can be reliably lowered to a temperature not attached to the inner wall of the duct.

The temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the duct is preferably lower in order to suppress the blockage of the duct, but in order to suppress the resynthesis of dioxins, the exhaust gas temperature inside the duct is 800 ° C. or higher, preferably 850 ° C. It is preferable to maintain abnormality. In addition, when the refrigerant is put near the outlet of the furnace body, the temperature at the inlet of the gas cooling device provided at the rear end can be lowered, so that the amount of mist used in the gas cooling device can be reduced and the burden can be reduced. It is also possible to make the cooling device compact.

Moreover, in this invention, when the low boiling point gaseous substance adheres to the inner wall of a duct and the duct is occluded, the removal apparatus of the obstruction which can perform mechanical removal of a obstruction in a short time is proposed as a waste disposal apparatus.

First, in order to perform the mechanical removal work of the obstruction in a short time, it is effective to operate the obstruction removal apparatus at a stage where the degree of occlusion of the duct is small. To this end, in the present invention, a differential pressure gauge capable of monitoring the differential pressure at the inlet side and the outlet side of the duct is provided at the inlet and the outlet of the duct, and when the differential pressure shows a tendency to increase than at the start of operation, the occlusion is disclosed. In operation, the device for removing the obstruction is operated. Alternatively, the device for removing the obstruction may be periodically operated regardless of the presence or absence of the occlusion of the duct.

(2) Solution to problem (b)

In order to raise the height of the top surface of the input introduced into the furnace of the basic gasification furnace to the control level at the time of operation, it is effective to add carbonaceous material at the temperature raising stage of the furnace. In addition, when the total concentration of halogens contained in the charcoal to be added is set to 0.1% or less in order to raise the level of the top surface of the input material, the temperature can be raised without generating dioxins. According to the present invention, burner combustion is carried out during the temperature increase of the basic gasification melting furnace, and charcoal material having a low total concentration of halogens is introduced to raise the height of the top surface of the input to a predetermined level, thereby reducing the filling time in the furnace. .

(3) Solution to problem (c)

 In the present invention, it is proposed to reduce the unused carbon by blowing steam in a portion above the packed bed. As a result, the vapor is gasified by contacting only unused carbon dispersed in the upper part of the furnace. Since the entrained steam does not come into contact with the pyrolysis residue carbon in the packed bed, the melting of the ash and metals contained in the waste, and further, the discharge of the molten slag and / or the molten metal is performed stably.

For example, when the carbon in the waste is not completely gasified and is recovered as dust in the dust removal facility as unused carbon, it may be added to the gasification melting furnace again. In this case, the particle size of the dust is very small (1 mm or less), so if it is added as it is, there is a risk of scattering in the furnace.However, if the dust containing this unused carbon is mixed and sealed at the same time as the waste, the dust is scattered. It can prevent.

(4) Solution to problem (d)

In the present invention, when the waste having a small amount of pyrolysis residue carbon is targeted, the control of the position of the upper end surface of the packed bed can be easily performed by adding charcoal. Even in the basic gasification melting furnace, it is possible to mix the charcoal material into the waste and then press it into the furnace as a single mass. In this case, even when the fine particle diameter charcoal is used, there is no fear of scattering and deterioration of gas permeability. In addition, there is no fear that the basic gasification melting furnace deteriorates the liquid permeability of the melt for concentrating the firing point in the center of the furnace and prevents stable slag discharge. Therefore, there is no inevitability to be limited to expensive cokes as charcoal, and it is also possible to use the charcoal containing pyrolysis residue carbon, such as wood.

In addition, in the case of injecting charcoal having a large particle size, it is preferable to use an input device having two valves arranged in series in a waste input path for introducing waste into the furnace. The feeding device supplies the charcoal to the space between the valve on the outside and the valve on the inside while the valve on the inside is opened and the valve on the inside is closed. The valve can be opened to inject charcoal into the furnace. Since the inlet device is always closed at one of the outer valve or the inner valve, a large amount of gas in the furnace passes through the input device and is prevented from leaking out of the furnace or a large amount of air outside the furnace is sucked into the furnace. . Moreover, since the charcoal material injected in order to solve this subject (d) is thrown in after the temperature conditions in a furnace are heated up on the conditions which fully pyrolyze dioxins, even if the halogen concentration in a charcoal material is high, there is no problem.

(5) Solution to problem (e)

In the present invention, the exhaust gas guided through the duct connected to the gas outlet of the furnace of the basic gasification furnace is (i) dust removed, and the hydrogen halide gas contained in the exhaust gas is acidified by an acid recovery device. And recovering the recovered acid to halogen and / or (ii) condensing the hydrogen halide gas contained in the cooled exhaust gas by cooling it to 100 ° C. or lower, and converting the hydrogen halide contained in the exhaust gas as an acid. The recovered acid is converted to halogen by recovery. As a result, the halogen contained in the waste can be recycled while suppressing the emission of dioxins and corrosion of the equipment.

(6) Solution to problem (f)

When hazardous wastes containing medical waste, contaminated soil, or polychlorinated biphenyls are introduced into the basic gasification furnace, these hazardous wastes are enclosed in an airtight container, and the airtight containers are placed in series in the waste input path. It is effective to feed into the above-mentioned feeding device having two valves. As a result, the generated noxious gas is completely decomposed and discharged out of the furnace after a residence time at a sufficient high temperature condition in the furnace.

(7) Solution to problem (g)

In order to prevent the internal pressure of the hot water storage chamber from excessively rising due to the obstruction of the connection between the furnace and the hot water storage chamber, the waste remaining in the furnace or the cold slag at the time of startup after the furnace is temporarily stopped, the hot water When the pressure in the storage chamber rises, it is effective to provide a pipe for discharging the gas generated in the hot water storage chamber.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the detail of the gasification melting furnace of the waste used by embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a deposit removal apparatus that is a waste treatment apparatus for removing deposits on an inner wall of a duct by a mechanical method in the gasification melting furnace of the embodiment.

3 is an explanatory diagram showing a drive shaft in which a fiberscope is provided at a distal end.

4 is an explanatory diagram showing a system flow for recovering halogen of the embodiment;

5 is an explanatory diagram showing a system flow for recovering halogen of the embodiment;

6 is an explanatory diagram showing a system flow for recovering halogen of the embodiment;

7 is an explanatory diagram showing a system flow for recovering halogen of the embodiment;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a gasification melting furnace in which a hot water storage chamber is formed in the gasification melting furnace shown in FIG. 1.

9 is a graph showing the results of differential pressure measurement of the inlet and outlet of the duct.

10 is a graph showing the results of differential pressure measurement of the inlet and outlet of the duct.

It is a graph which shows the result of the differential pressure measurement of the inlet part and the outlet part of a duct.

It is a graph which shows the measurement result of the differential pressure of the inlet part and the outlet part of a duct.

It is a graph which shows the measurement result of the differential pressure of the inlet part and the outlet part of a duct.

It is a graph which shows the measurement result of the differential pressure of the inlet part and the outlet part of a duct.

(The best mode for carrying out the invention)

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment of the waste processing method and processing apparatus which concern on this invention is described in detail, referring an accompanying drawing.

1 is a schematic view for explaining the details of the gasification melting furnace 1 of waste used in the present embodiment.

As shown in the same figure, the furnace body 1a of the gasification melting furnace 1 of this embodiment is lined with the lining refractory body 2. As shown in FIG. In addition, the furnace 1a includes a waste inlet 4 for injecting waste 3, a gas outlet 5 for discharging generated energy gas (hereinafter simply referred to as "exhaust gas") and dust, And a duct 6 communicating with the internal space of the furnace body 1a through this gas outlet 5. The pusher 7 is attached to the waste inlet 4, and the input charcoal 8 is fed together with the waste 3 from the waste inlet 4 in a consolidated state.

Reference numeral 9 in FIG. 1 is a liftable furnace center lance that pushes the retardant gas 9a downward in the furnace along the furnace axis (furnace central axis). Reference numeral 10 denotes an upper blade provided at least one stage (two stages in this example) on the furnace wall of the furnace body 1a so as to insert the retardant gas 10a in a direction away from the direction toward the furnace shaft. Further, reference numeral 11 denotes one or more stages (two stages in this example) disposed in the furnace wall by pushing the retardant gas 11a or the retardant gas 11a and the fuel 11b in the direction directed toward the furnace shaft. Lower wing.

In front of the duct 6 of FIG. 1, that is, near the upper exhaust gas outlet of the furnace body 1a, for example, a refrigerant 12 constituted by at least one of water, an inert gas, a process gas, or steam is provided. One or more nozzles 13 for picking up are provided.

Inside the furnace 1a of the gasification furnace 1, the produced gas is once heated to 1000 ° C or more and held for 2 seconds or more to decompose dioxins. The product gas heated in 1000 degreeC or more and produced | generated in the furnace is cooled by the refrigerant | coolant 12 thrown in from the refrigerant | coolant injection nozzle 13 provided in the vicinity of the exhaust gas outlet of the upper part 1a.

The temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the duct 6 is preferably lower in order to suppress the blockage of the duct 6, but in order to suppress the resynthesis of dioxins, the exhaust gas temperature in the duct 6 is reduced. Is preferably at least 800 ° C, preferably at least 850 ° C. The gas held at 800 ° C. or higher in the duct 6 is quenched to 200 ° C. or lower by an exhaust gas cooling device (not shown) at a later stage. As a result, resynthesis of dioxins is suppressed, and emissions of dioxins in the entire process are significantly suppressed.

The refrigerant 12 introduced into the interior of the furnace 1a from the nozzle 13 has a low boiling point gas state to the inner surface of the duct 6 if it is constituted by at least one of water, inert gas, process gas or steam. Although adhesion of the substance can be suppressed, it is preferable to use water. When an inert gas is used as the refrigerant 12, calorie reduction of the high calorie gas generated in the furnace occurs. In addition, since steam has no latent heat of evaporation compared with water, the cooling source unit of generated gas is high. For this reason, since waste water enters a large amount of waste gas, it is disadvantageous in that it is not economical including a post-processing process. Therefore, water having a high cooling efficiency and capable of being separated from the high calorie gas generated in a later step is preferable as the refrigerant. When water is sprayed with a gas in order to mist water, it is preferable to use process gas instead of an inert gas etc., and to suppress the reduction of the calorific gas produced.

In addition, when solid dust accumulates in the duct 6, the gas 15 is put in from the one or more nozzles 14 in which the high pressure gas can be put in the duct 6, and solid dust is stored in the furnace ( It blows to the inner side of 1a) and / or the gas cooling apparatus side of a rear end, and cleans the inside of the duct 6.

Thus, according to this embodiment, the refrigerant | coolant 12 is put in front of the duct 6, and the blockage of the duct 6 can be prevented.

FIG. 2 schematically shows a deposit removal device 16 that is a waste treatment apparatus for removing deposits on the inner wall of the duct 6 by a mechanical method in the gasification melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment. It is explanatory drawing.

The degree of blockage by the deposit 17 into the duct 6 can be predicted from the change in the pressure difference between the pressure at the inlet 6a of the duct 6 and the pressure at the outlet 6b. The differential pressure change is continuously monitored by the differential pressure measuring device 18. That is, when the absolute value of the differential pressure measured by the differential pressure measuring apparatus 18 shows the tendency to increase compared with the value of the initial stage (at the time of operation start), it is estimated that the blockage in the duct 6 is advanced.

In this embodiment, in this case, the deposit 17 is removed using the deposit remover 16. First, the drive shaft 19-1 advances and retracts, and the drive shaft 19-2 then moves forward and retracts so that the deposit 17 is peeled off from the inner wall of the duct 6. The drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 operate along the extending direction of the duct 6 by the elevating device 20.

In addition, the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are cooled to the front end vicinity by the water cooling system. Thereby, bending damage by the thermal load of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 is suppressed. Water supply and drainage pipes (not shown) for supplying and draining the cooling water 21 are formed in the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2, and they can also be used under high temperature conditions. In addition, in the drive portions of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2, a gas-tight prevention device 22 of a grand seal type is provided, whereby gas in the system is generated when the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are operated. Leakage out of the system is prevented.

The timing for operating the drive shaft 19-1 is preferably performed while the degree of occlusion of the inner wall of the duct 6 is small. As long as the degree of occlusion is small, it is not necessary to rotate the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 as in JP-A-2002-168433, and also the occlusions on the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2. This is because the occlusion can be removed in a short time without putting a large load to remove it. Therefore, there is no leakage of gas from the gas leakage preventing device 22, and the life of the device is also improved. For example, after the value of the differential pressure measuring device 18 starts the operation in comparison with an average value of up to 2 hours, 20㎜H is preferably carried out in an increase over time of ₂ O 400㎜H ₂ O or less. Or it is also preferable to operate the obstruction removal apparatus 16 regularly by the period of 1 hour or more and 24 hours or less.

In addition, there is no blockage of the duct 6, and during normal gasification and melting operation, the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are retracted to the standby position 24 so that the valve 23 is closed. The leakage of gas in the furnace is completely prevented. By closing the valve 23, the inspection of the deposit removal device 16 can also be performed during the operation of the gasification melting furnace 1.

In addition, even when the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are not operated, the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are allowed to stand by to the standby position 24, and the valve 23 provided in front of the standby position 24 is provided. ) Can be prevented from leaking gas and inhaling air. In the normal operation in which the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are not moved by providing the valve 23, since the gas leakage preventing device 22 is hardly affected by the heat influence in the duct 6, the gas leakage is prevented. The lifespan of the prevention apparatus 22 also becomes long. In addition, gas sealing is also performed when the recessed portions 25 of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are in contact with the gas leakage preventing device 22.

It is preferable that the outer diameter d of the largest diameter part of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 be 50% or more of the inner diameter D of the duct 6. Moreover, it is preferable that the angle (alpha) of the scraping members 19-1a and 19-2a of the front-end | tip of the drive shaft 19-1, 19-2 shall be 10 degree | times or more and 150 degrees or less.

In addition, in order to install facilities, such as the lifting device 20, and to remove the deposit 17, the drive shaft 19-1, 19-2 of sufficient length should be used, but the drive shaft 19-1, 19- If the length of 2) is too long, the height of the building will be set higher than necessary. For this reason, the length of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 is the length L from the standby position of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 to the advance limit of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2. It is preferable to set it as 3 times or less of. The advance limit 26 of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 is about 10 mm to 300 mm below the gas outlet 5 when the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are advanced toward the furnace. It is preferable to set it as the advanced position. Moreover, when advancing toward the direction which a duct cross | intersects like the drive shaft 19-1 of FIG. 2, it is preferable to set it as the position which advanced +/- 50 mm with respect to the center axis line of an intersecting duct.

In addition, by installing the fiber scope 27 at the distal end of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2, the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are monitored while the closed state in the duct 6 is monitored. Driving is also valid. Basically, although the occlusion situation can be estimated by the differential pressure in the duct 6, when the deposit 17 is extremely small, there exists a possibility that a remarkable tendency does not appear in the measurement result of a differential pressure. When the inside of the duct 6 is cleaned, if this small amount of deposit 17 remains, there is a possibility that the blockage may grow again using this as a nucleus. Therefore, it is effective to work while observing the inside of the duct 6 with the fiber scope 27 or the like. When the inside of the duct 6 is observed by the always-time fiberscope 27, there is no need to measure the differential pressure, but the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 need to be constantly inserted into the duct 6, The possibility that the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 are thermally damaged is increased. In addition, since dust or the like adheres to the fiber scope 27, long time observation is impossible. Moreover, since it is necessary to open the valve 23, the lifetime of the sealing apparatus 22 also becomes short. Replacement or repair of the tip portions 19-1a and 19-2a can be performed even during operation by returning to the standby position 24 and closing the valve 23 in front of the standby position 24.

Next, with reference to FIG. 1 which shows the gasification melting furnace 1 of the waste used for this embodiment, at the time of the temperature rising of this gasification melting furnace 1, the control at the time of operation of the height of the upper end surface of the input of a furnace quickly is carried out. The method of shortening the recharge time in a furnace by raising it to the level is demonstrated.

In the present embodiment, the charcoal 32 having a halogen concentration such as chlorine of 0.1% or less is introduced to the predetermined height in the gasification melting furnace 1 at the step before the temperature raising of the gasification melting furnace 1 is started. Here, the predetermined height means the height between the waste inlet 4 or the injector 28 and the lower wing 11.

The temperature increase is, for example, introduced into the furnace from the input device 28 that arranges the double gate valve 29, and after the embers are put into the upper end surface of the charcoal 32 accumulated in advance, the valve 29a and / Alternatively, it starts in a very simple order in which the charcoal material 32 injected in advance is combusted by blowing the retardant gas 9a from the center lance 9 with the valve 29b closed. The combustion situation of the charcoal material 32 can be always performed by the monitoring window 30 in the furnace installed in the upper part of the furnace 1a.

Moreover, the retardant gas 11a is blown also from the lower blade 11, and the charcoal 32 is combusted also in the vicinity of the lower blade 11. Confirmation of combustion in the front of the lower wing 11 can be visually confirmed from the monitoring window 31. The top surface level of the packed bed of the charcoal 32 is sequentially measured, and the amount of the charcoal 32 supplied into the furnace is adjusted to maintain the top surface level at the target level.

In this way, the height of the upper end surface of the input material in the furnace can be raised to the control level at the time of operation in the temperature raising step of the furnace, thereby reducing the charging time in the furnace.

Next, the means for reducing unused carbon in the present embodiment will be described.

In the gasification melting furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1, unused carbon is also included in the dust scattered from the duct 6 to the outside of the furnace. As a method of reducing unused carbon, steam is introduced into the furnace in this embodiment.

The steam 34 is formed by at least one of the nozzle 33, the furnace center lance 9, and the upper wing 10, which are provided between the upper end surface of the waste in the gasification melting furnace 1 and the gas outlet 5 shown in FIG. 1. ), And the unused carbon is converted into CO gas by an aqueous shift reaction (C + H ₂ O = CO + H ₂ ).

Here, since the injection amount of the steam 34 can be easily controlled by the flowmeter, it is possible to accurately supply the amount of water vapor required for this aqueous shift reaction. Moreover, in order to make unused carbon into a CO gas efficiently by the steam 34 which injected, it is preferable to put steam 34 in wide angle. Thereby, the steam 34 enters more uniformly in the circumferential direction of the furnace body 1a, and the above-mentioned aqueous shift reaction proceeds efficiently.

Even if the carbon in the waste is not completely gasified and recovered as dust in the dust removal facility as unused carbon, it is possible to put it back into the gasification furnace 1 again. At this time, since the particle diameter of the dust is very small (1 mm or less), it is feared to be scattered in the furnace. In this example, the unused carbon 35 is removed together with the waste 3 by the pusher 7 shown in FIG. Since dust containing can be mixed and consolidated, the scattering of dust in a furnace is suppressed.

Next, in the gasification melting furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1, when the waste with little pyrolysis residue carbon is targeted, the charcoal 8 and / or the charcoal 36 are added to control the height of the packed bed, In other words, a means for easily controlling the position of the upper surface of the waste will be described.

As described above, a waste inlet 4 on which the pusher 7 is mounted is formed in the gasification melting furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1, and the charcoal 8 is mixed and consolidated together with the waste 3 to be in the furnace. Is committed. Thereby, scattering in the furnace of the charcoal material 8 with a small particle diameter is suppressed.

In addition, when the charcoal material 36 whose particle diameter previously selected is 5 mm or more is thrown in, it is preferable to throw in using the double gate valve 29. In this case, it is possible to inject only the charcoal 36 into the independent dosing device 28 which has the double gate valve 29. As shown in FIG. The input device 28 including the double gate valve 29 opens the upper gate valve 29a to freely drop the charcoal 36 between the upper gate valve 29a and the lower gate valve 29b. Then, after closing the upper gate valve 29a, the lower gate valve 29b is opened, and the charcoal 36 is put into a furnace.

According to this charging means, since it always operates with one of the upper gate valve 29a or the lower gate valve 29b closed, a large amount of gas in the furnace passes through the charging device 28 and leaks out of the furnace. Inhalation of large quantities of air outside the furnace into the furnace is simultaneously prevented.

In this way, by inputting the charcoal 8 and / or the charcoal 36 into a furnace, even if the waste with little pyrolysis residue carbon is object, control of the height of a packed bed can be performed easily.

The charcoal material 8 and / or the charcoal material 36 are added after raising the furnace temperature on the condition that dioxin hardly arises. Therefore, the concentration of halogens contained in the charcoal 8 and / or charcoal 36 is not specifically limited.

Next, in this embodiment, the situation where material recycling of a halogen is performed is demonstrated.

4-7 is explanatory drawing which shows the system flow for recovering the halogen of this embodiment all. First, the system shown by FIGS. 4 and 5 will be described, and then the system shown by FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described.

In FIG. 4, the waste 3 is thrown into the gasification melting furnace 1 of this embodiment. The organic matter contained in the waste 3 is gasified to produce a high calorie gas 40 that can be used as fuel. The ash and valuable metals are converted into molten slag 38 and molten metal 39. In the gasification melting furnace 1, in order to reduce the discharge of dioxins, the temperature of the upper part is controlled to 1000 degreeC or more and 1400 degrees C or less, and the waste 3 is put into the pyrolysis gasification zone of 500-1200 degreeC or more high temperature area. The high-temperature, high calorie gas 40 which is directly injected and maintained at a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or more in the furnace for 2 seconds or more is discharged to the outside of the furnace through a duct 41 through a nozzle ( The mist 44 sprayed from 43 is quenched to 120 ° C or more and 200 ° C or less.

As a result, even in the case of treating the waste 3 having a high halogen content, it is possible to reliably suppress the resynthesis and discharge of the dioxins, and it is possible to suppress the emission of the dioxins in the entire process low. In addition, halogen-containing plastics generate tar during pyrolysis at low temperatures, and adhesion to pipes and the like becomes a problem. However, in this gasification furnace 1, pyrolysis gasification at high temperatures does not cause tar. .

As the gas passing through the outlet duct 45 of the gas cooling device 42, hydrogen halide gas and the like are included together with carbon monoxide and hydrogen. These gases are guided to the halogen recovery device 48 after removing the dust 47 included in the vibration suppression device 46.

In the halogen recovery device 48, the high calorie gas is cooled to 100 ° C. or lower by spraying water 49 from the nozzle 50, and the acid 52 such as condensed water 51 and hydrochloric acid is condensed by condensing the hydrogen halide gas contained therein. A mixed liquid of is used to separate the other energy gas 53 and halogen. The mixed liquid of the acid 52 and the condensed water 51 is circulated to the halogen recovery device 48 through the nozzle 54, and the acid 52 is concentrated and recovered. The mixed liquid of the acid 52 and the condensate 51 can be circulated by mixing with the water 49 in the nozzle 50 without using the nozzle 54. The recovered acid 52 is converted into halogen 56 in the halogenation device 55.

In addition, the dusts 47 and 57 removed from the dust removal device 46 and the gas cooling device 42, respectively, are re-injected into the gasification melting furnace 1 together with the waste 3 newly introduced. Here, it is preferable to set it as 100 degreeC or more, Preferably it is 120 degreeC or more from the viewpoint of the corrosion prevention by hydrogen halide gas until the gas cooled by the gas cooling device 42 flows into the halogen collection | recovery apparatus 48. . In particular, it is effective to use an acid resistant material such as hastelloy after the vibration suppression apparatus 46 at which the temperature is lowered. Moreover, as a material used for the halogen collection | recovery apparatus 48, FRP etc. which do not produce acid corrosion even at 100 degrees C or less are mentioned.

As the acid recovery method, a method of recovering the acid after passing through the gas cooling device 42 may also be mentioned. FIG. 5 quenchs a high-temperature, high-calorie, high-calorie gas 40 produced in the gasification melting furnace 1 to 100 ° C. or less in the gas cooling device 42, and includes it in the energy gas 40. It is a method of recovering halogen. In this manner, the moisture contained in the gas 40 and the mist 44 sprayed by the gas cooling device 42 are condensed inside the gas cooling device 42 and recovered from the lower portion of the gas cooling device 42. . The recovered condensate 58 includes an acid and sludge 59. The recovered condensate 58 separates and removes the sludge 59 from the filtration device 60, and then condensate including the acid 61. 62, it is switched to halogen 56 in halogenation device 55.

Although the temperature of the outlet gas of the gas cooling device 42 is 100 degrees C or less, since most of halogen moves to the condensed water 58 collect | recovered under the gas cooling device 42, the facility of the rear end of the gas cooling device 42 is installed. Does not corrode. However, since some hydrogen halide gas is contained, water 72 including caustic soda 71 is supplied to the excluding tower 65 to recover the acid 66, and at the lower portion of the gas cooling device 42, It is halogenated in the halogenation apparatus 55 with the acid 61 recovered. In addition, the sludge 59 can be reintroduced into the gasification melting furnace 1 to be gasified and melted.

In addition, although the halogen concentration in waste is wide, the sample with a higher halogen concentration has a higher recovery acid concentration. Moreover, the advantage that halogen recovery amount per waste processing volume becomes large and collection efficiency becomes high is considered. Therefore, when treating waste with a low halogen concentration, it is also effective to concentrate the acid recovered by adding waste having a high halogen concentration.

Moreover, when the density | concentration of the halogens contained in waste is low, it is preferable to put calcium hydroxide in the dust removal installation 46, and to remove a halogen. If the halogen concentration is low, the halogen recovery efficiency is low. This is because when the halogen is immobilized in the vibration suppression equipment 46, there is no need for the halogen recovery device 55 for washing the halogens with water, and it is not necessary to perform the treatment of the water discharged therefrom.

Next, the system shown by FIGS. 6 and 7 will be described. In addition, in the following description, a different part from the system shown by FIG. 4 mentioned above is demonstrated, and description of a common part is abbreviate | omitted.

In FIG. 6, the gas passing through the outlet duct 45 of the gas cooling device 42 is guided to the halogen recovery device 48 after removing the dust 47 contained by the vibration suppression device 46. Same as the system shown by FIG. 4.

In this example, the halogen recovery device 48 blows water 49 out of the nozzle 50 to cool the high calorie gas 40 to 100 ° C. or lower, and condenses the contained hydrogen halide gas to condense condensate 51 and the like. The mixture of the acid 52 separates the other energy gas 53 from the halogen. The mixed liquid of the acid 52 and the condensate 51 is circulated to the gas cooling device 42 through the nozzle 43, and concentrates the concentration of the acid 52 recovered from the halogen recovery device 48.

The recovered acid 52 is converted into halogen 56 in the halogenation device 55. By circulating the mixed liquid of the acid 52 and the condensed water 51 in the gas cooling device 42, the amount of water 44 used in the gas cooling device 42 can be reduced. In addition, the dusts 47 and 57 separated from the gas in the vibration suppression device 46 and the gas cooling device 42 are re-injected into the gasification melting furnace 1 together with the waste 3.

Also in this example, the energy gas cooled by the gas cooling device 42 is 100 ° C or more, preferably 120 ° C or more from the viewpoint of preventing corrosion by hydrogen halide gas until it flows into the halogen recovery device 48. It is preferable. It is effective to use acid-resistant materials, such as Hastelloy, especially after the vibration damper 46 which temperature becomes low. Moreover, as a material used for the halogen collection | recovery apparatus 48, FRP etc. which hardly generate | occur | produce acid corrosion even at 100 degrees C or less are mentioned.

7 is an example which employ | adopted the gas cooler system as an acid collection method. In addition, in the following description, the part different from the system shown by FIG. 6 mentioned above is demonstrated, and description of a common part is abbreviate | omitted.

In FIG. 7, until the gas passing through the duct 45 at the outlet of the gas cooling device 42 is guided to the halogen recovery device 48 after removing the dust 47 contained by the vibration suppression device 46, Same as the system shown by FIG. 6 described above.

In this example, the halogen recovery apparatus 48 cools the high-calorie gas 40 to 100 degrees C or less by the gas cooler system, and condenses the hydrogen halide gas contained, and thereby mixes the condensate 51 and the acid 52. Thus, the other energy gas 53 and halogen are separated. Acid 52 is converted to halogen 56 in halogenation device 55. In addition, the dusts 47 and 57 separated and removed from the dust removal device 46 and the gas cooling device 42 are reintroduced into the gasification melting furnace 1 together with the waste 3 newly introduced.

Also in this example, the energy gas cooled by the gas cooling device 42 is 100 ° C or more, preferably 120 ° C or more from the viewpoint of preventing corrosion by hydrogen halide gas until it flows into the halogen recovery device 48. It is preferable. It is effective to use acid-resistant materials, such as Hastelloy, especially after the vibration damper 46 which temperature becomes low.

Next, a description will be given of a situation in which hazardous waste such as medical waste, contaminated soil or PCB is processed using the gasification melting furnace 1 of the present embodiment.

The hazardous waste enclosed in the airtight container can be detoxified using the gasification melting furnace 1 shown in FIG. Feeding into the furnace 1a can be carried out by a double gate valve type feeding device 29. The double gate valve type feeding device 29 opens the upper gate valve 29a to freely close the sealed container between the upper gate valve 29a and the lower gate valve 29b, and thereafter, the upper gate valve 29a. After closing 29a, the lower gate valve 29b is opened to put the sealed container into the furnace. According to this, since either the upper gate valve 29a or the lower gate valve 29b can be kept closed, a large amount of gas in the furnace passes through the input device and leaks out of the furnace, or a large amount of air outside the furnace Sucking into the furnace is prevented. Moreover, it is preferable to control the pressure in a furnace below atmospheric pressure by providing a draw fan and the like downstream.

As a result, harmful pyrolysis gas generated from the hazardous waste enclosed in the sealed container and introduced into the furnace is not discharged from the sealed container, and the hazardous waste can reach the upper surface of the packed bed. After reaching the upper end surface of the packed bed, the hazardous waste is punctured in the sealed container by heat, and is discharged from the sealed container as the thermal decomposition gas decomposed thermally. The harmful gas discharged from the sealed container is completely decomposed in the furnace and discharged out of the furnace because a sufficient residence time passes under high temperature conditions. What is necessary is just to determine suitably the material and thickness of this airtight container so that a hole may not be punctured until the airtight container reaches the upper end surface of a packed layer.

In addition, in this embodiment, the means for releasing the pressure rise inside the hot water storage chamber will be described.

FIG. 8: is explanatory drawing which shows the gasification melting furnace 1-1 which provided the hot water storage chamber 73 in the gasification melting furnace 1 shown in FIG. In addition, in the following description of the gasification melting furnace 1-1, the part different from the gasification melting furnace 1 is demonstrated, and description of a common part is abbreviate | omitted.

As shown in FIG. 8, this gasification melting furnace 1-1 communicates with the inside of the lower part of the furnace 1a, and the hot water storage chamber 73 is provided. This hot water storage chamber 73 is for temporarily collecting molten metal such as molten slag and molten metal produced in order to recover ash and valuable metals discharged from the gasification melting furnace 1-1. The retardant gas 81a and the fuel 81b are put in from the hot water storage chamber blade 81 to maintain the temperature of the hot water storage chamber.

In this example, the gas discharge pipe 74 is provided in the upper portion of the hot water storage chamber 73 and is connected between the upper end surface 76 of the waste inside the furnace 1a and the gas discharge port 5. do. In the meantime, the valve 75 is arrange | positioned and a normal operation is performed with the valve 75 closed.

The internal pressure of the hot water storage chamber 73 can be continuously measured by the pressure measuring device 77. In normal operation, the value of the pressure measuring device 77 is set at 0.5 times or less of the design pressure of the hot water storage chamber 73. When the value exceeds 0.5 times the design pressure, the valve 75 ), The gas generated in the hot water storage chamber 73 is discharged to the outside of the furnace 1a through the gas outlet 5.

As a result, waste remaining in the furnace at the time of starting after the gasification melting furnace 1 is temporarily stopped, cold slag, or the like occludes the connection portion 78 between the furnace body 1a and the hot water storage chamber 73, whereby An excessive increase in the internal pressure of the water reservoir 73 is prevented.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, (a) blockage of the duct 6, (b) recharge time in the furnace, (c) discharge of unused carbon, and (d) the upper end of the waste, which are problems of the basic gasification melting furnace. Control of the surface position, (e) halogen material recycling, (f) introduction of hazardous waste, (g) pressure rise inside the hot water storage chamber 73 can be solved, thereby further improving the basic gasification melting furnace. High performance can be achieved. For this reason, according to this embodiment, it becomes possible to continue gasification melting operation on a commercial scale stably over a long term, and can provide the waste disposal method and processing apparatus of high practicality.

<Example>

In addition, this invention is demonstrated concretely, referring an Example. In addition, in the following description, (Nm <3> / hr) which is a unit of a suction amount means m <3> (standard state) / hr.

The gasification melting test of the waste was done using the gasification melting furnace 1 shown in FIG. The dimension of each part of the gasification melting furnace 1, the number and arrangement | positioning of the upper blade 10, the lower blade 11, and other installation parts are as follows. In addition, the outlet of molten slag and / or molten metal is abbreviated as a molten metal outlet.

(1) Dimension

Furnace diameter: 2.0m (inner diameter after lining the refractory (2))

Furnace height: 6.0m (the height from the bottom of the furnace to the top of the furnace after lining the refractory (2))

Height from the top of the melt outlet 78 to the bottom of the waste inlet 4: 2.8 m

Height from the top of the molten metal outlet 78 to the bottom of the lower wing 11 of the lower: 0.8 m

Height from the top of the molten metal outlet 78 to the bottom of the lower wing 11 of the top: 1.6m

Height from the top of the melt outlet 78 to the upper wing 10 on the bottom: 3.9 m

Height from the top of the molten metal outlet 78 to the upper wing 10 of the top: 4.7m

Height from the bottom of the furnace to the tip of the furnace center lance (9): standard 5.0 m (up and down variable)

(2) quantity

Lower wing (11): three in the circumferential direction, one step in the furnace height direction

Upper wing 10: three in the circumferential direction, two steps in the furnace height direction

Steam suction vanes 33: three in the circumferential direction, one stage in the furnace height direction

Furnace center lance (9): 1 piece

Melt outlet (78): 1

Position measuring device 79 for measuring the position of the upper surface of the input waste: 1 unit

(3) placement

Lower wing 11: 100 mm pushed into the furnace from the surface of the refractory 2 lining the tip at equal intervals every 120 degrees in the circumferential direction

Upper wing 10: Installed at an interval of 120 degrees in the circumferential direction, 45 degrees away from the furnace axis direction

Furnace center lance (9): placed in the furnace center (on the furnace shaft)

Melt outlet 78: disposed at the bottom of the furnace

Position measuring device 79: between furnace center lance 9 and side wall

Waste (3) used for the test is a shredder dust and a high concentration of chlorine-containing plastic pieces, the composition of which is shown in Table 1 to Table 3.

In other words, Table 1 shows the industrial analysis value (mass%) of the waste (3) and the subsidiary materials, Table 2 shows the combustible composition (mass%) in the waste (3) and the subsidiary materials, and Table 3 shows the waste (3) and the subsidiary raw materials. The nonflammable composition (mass%) which removes a metal powder is shown.

TABLE 1

TABLE 2

TABLE 3

(Setting Procedure for Processing Conditions)

(a) The charcoal material 32 was thrown into the furnace from the input device 28, and it piled up to 1.5 m in height.

(b) An ember was injected into the upper end surface of the packed bed of the charcoal material 32, and the charcoal material 32 accumulated in the furnace by the retardant gas 9a from the furnace center lance 9 was ignited.

(c) Oxygen was also sequentially flowed from the lower wing 11 and the upper wing 10.

(d) The blowing amount of the retardant gas and the charging amount of the charcoal material 32 were adjusted to raise the furnace temperature to a predetermined temperature.

(e) The input of the waste 3 was started, and the input of the charcoal material 32 was stopped.

(f) Since the position of the upper end surface of the waste 3 injected as the combustion of the waste 3 goes down, the waste 3 was sequentially introduced to maintain the position at 1.5 m.

(g) The temperature measured by the thermocouple near the top surface of the injected waste (3) is at least 600 ° C, and the temperature measured by the thermocouple in the free-board space is always between 1000 and 1400 ° C. The amount of oxygen to be inserted into the furnace center lance 9, the upper wing 10 and the lower wing 11 was adjusted.

That is, when the load lowering speed is fast and the position of the upper end surface of the waste 3 injected at the throughput of the predetermined waste 3 cannot be maintained at the predetermined position, the lower wing 11 and, in some cases, the furnace center The amount of oxygen introduced from the lance 9 was reduced. When the temperature near the top surface of the waste 3 was less than 600 ° C., the amount of oxygen injected from the furnace center lance 9 was increased. In addition, when the temperature of the clearance height space was lower than 1000 ° C, the amount of oxygen was injected from the upper blade 10 was increased. On the contrary, when the temperature of the clearance height exceeded 1400 ° C., the amount of oxygen introduced into the upper wing 10 and, in some cases, the furnace center lance 9 was reduced.

(h) The temperature of the molten slag and the molten metal discharged from the molten metal outlet 78 is measured, and the predetermined temperature (at least the molten slag and the molten metal does not harden at all). In the case of lowering, the supply amount of the retardant gas 11a from the lower wing 11 was increased. Furthermore, the components of molten slag and molten metal were analyzed to adjust the amount of limestone to be added so as to have a predetermined slag basicity.

(i) The above operations (f) to (h) were repeated.

In the present embodiment, (i) blockage of the duct 6, (ii) recharge time in the furnace, (i) reduction of unused carbon, (i) position control of the upper surface of the waste, and (i) material of halogen The test results for recycling are listed below.

(Iii) Closure of the duct 6

① Putting refrigerant 12 into exhaust gas

In order to observe the effect of the blockage removing device 16 and the blockage blocking device in the duct 6, 20 kg / hr of low boiling point substances such as lead and zinc are added to the shredder dust, respectively, to intentionally block the duct 6. The test was easily carried out under one condition. Operation All conditions and test results are summarized in Table 4.

TABLE 4

(Comparative Example 1)

The comparative example 1 is a case where the refrigerant | coolant 12 is not inserted from the refrigerant | coolant suction nozzle 13 shown in FIG. The temperature of the generated energy gas was 1150 ° C in the temperature measuring device 80 at the top of the furnace, and was about 1100 ° C in the temperature measuring device 81 at the inlet of the duct 6.

The differential pressure measurement result of the inlet part and the outlet part of the duct 6 is shown graphically in FIG. Further, in the drawings (Fig. 14 9~) after 9, the vertical axis (P) is the pressure (㎜H ₂ O), a display, and a horizontal axis (d) is displayed and the operating days (days), and Denotes the differential pressure between the inlet side and the outlet side of the duct 6, and the Δ mark indicates the furnace internal pressure.

As shown in FIG. 9, this differential pressure started to increase 20 days after the start of operation. When the differential pressure of the duct 6 became 300 mmH ₂ O, the furnace was turned off and the inside of the duct 6 was observed. As a result, deposits were observed around the entire circumference of the inner wall of the duct 6.

(Inventive Example 1)

In Example 1 of the present invention, nitrogen gas was charged as the refrigerant 12 from the refrigerant suction nozzle 13 and cooled before the generated energy gas flowed into the duct 6. The temperature of the energy gas was 1150 degreeC in the temperature measuring device 80, and about 950 degreeC in the temperature measuring device 81 of the inlet of the duct 6. As shown in FIG. In addition, the energy gas temperature just before flowing into the gas cooling device of the next stage was about 850 degreeC. The calorie of the recovered energy gas was slightly lower than that of Comparative Example 1 by adding nitrogen gas.

The measurement result of the differential pressure of the inlet part and the outlet part of the duct 6 is shown graphically in FIG. As shown in FIG. 10, there was no increase in the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the duct 6. Moreover, although the inside of the duct 6 was observed after completion | finish of operation, a deposit was not observed.

(Inventive Example 2)

This invention example 2 is a case which sprayed the mist state water (mist) whose particle diameter is 200 micrometers or less from the refrigerant | coolant suction nozzle 13 shown in FIG. The temperature of the energy gas was 1150 degreeC in the temperature measuring device 80, and was about 950 degreeC in the temperature measuring device 81 of the inlet of the duct 9. In addition, the energy gas temperature just before flowing into the gas cooling device of the next stage was about 850 degreeC.

The measurement result of the differential pressure of the inlet part and the outlet part of the duct 6 is shown graphically in FIG. As shown in FIG. 11, during operation, an increase in the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the duct 6 was not observed, and no deposit was observed even when the inside of the duct 6 was observed after the end of the operation. In addition, the calorie value of the recovered energy gas was also the same as that of Comparative Example 1, and the superiority of Example 1 of the present invention in which an inert gas was added as the refrigerant 12 was shown.

In addition, the mist amount used by the gas cooling apparatus of the back | stage decreased by the quantity substantially the same as the mist quantity injected from the nozzle 13. As shown in FIG.

(2) mechanical removal of obstruction

Comparative Example 2 and Inventive Examples 3 to 4 illustrate the effects of the obstruction removal device 16 according to the present invention, and show all conditions and test results of the operation in Table 5.

TABLE 5

(Comparative Example 2)

In Comparative Example 2, the degree of occlusion was predicted based on the pressure in the furnace, ignoring the value of the differential pressure measuring device 18 shown in FIG. 2. Then, the driving shafts 19-1 and 19-2 were raised and lowered to remove the obstructions.

The differential pressure measurement results of the inlet and outlet of the duct 6 are shown graphically in FIG. 12. The drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 were raised and lowered at point A in the graph of FIG. 12 to remove the obstructions.

As shown in FIG. 12, even if the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the duct 6 increased by 100 mmH ₂ O or more with respect to the base (0 mmH ₂ O), no increase in the pressure in the furnace was observed. In other words, it was found that the change in the pressure in the furnace was slower in response to the blockage of the duct 6 than in this differential pressure. The pressure in the furnace was significantly increased because the value of the differential pressure measuring device 18 increased by 300 mmH ₂ O or more with respect to the base (0 mmH ₂ O).

At this point, the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 were operated, which took about 1 hour to remove the obstructions. Moreover, as a result of continuing a long time operation | work, it was confirmed that the gas in a furnace leaks from the gas seal part 22 of the differential pressure measuring apparatus 18. As shown in FIG. In addition, after the end of this work, the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 were observed, and it was confirmed that they were deformed.

In order to improve the life of the obstruction removal device 16, it is considered important to operate the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 while the occlusion degree of the duct 6 is light. For this purpose, it is thought that continuous observation of the differential pressure between the inlet and the outlet of the duct 6 can be quickly responded to the blockage inside the duct 6, rather than the pressure in the furnace.

(Inventive Example 3)

In Example 3 of this invention, according to the value of the differential pressure measuring apparatus 18, the drive shaft 19-1, 19-2 shown in FIG. 2 was lifted and the blockage was removed.

The measurement result of the differential pressure of the inlet part and the outlet part of the duct 6 is shown graphically in FIG. The drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 were raised and lowered at point B in the graph of FIG. 13 to remove the obstructions.

As shown in FIG. 13, when the value of the differential pressure measuring apparatus 18 increased 50 mmH ₂ O or more with respect to the base (0 mmH ₂ O), the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 were driven. , The value of the differential pressure measuring device 18 returned to the base value (0 mmH ₂ O) by the operation for about 3 minutes, and stable operation could be performed thereafter. Even if this operation was performed 300 times or more, there was no deformation of the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 and gas leakage in the furnace from the gas seal part 22.

That is, it is effective to operate the differential pressure measuring device 18 in order to observe the differential pressure of the duct 6 and to quickly detect the indication of the blockage of the duct 6.

(Inventive Example 4)

In Example 4 of this invention, the drive shafts 19-1 and 19-2 shown in FIG. 2 are raised and lowered once every 8 hours irrespective of the value of the differential pressure measuring apparatus 18 and furnace internal pressure.

The measurement result of the differential pressure of the inlet part and the outlet part of the duct 6 is shown graphically in FIG. As shown in FIG. 14, the value of the differential pressure measuring device 18 is not set to 10 mmH ₂ O or more, and there is no blockage of the duct 6 even if it is operated continuously for 100 days, and the drive shafts 19-1, Deformation of 19-2) and gas leakage from the gas seal portion 22 also did not occur.

(Ii) recharge time in the furnace

Comparative Example 3 and Inventive Example 5 shown in Table 6 both describe the temperature increase of the furnace using charcoal.

TABLE 6

(Comparative Example 3)

In Comparative Example 3 in which the furnace was heated up by combustion of the burner, the temperature was required 48 hours. Subsequently, when the waste 3 was introduced, 48 hours were further required to raise the height level of the top surface of the input to 1.5 m, which is a target value (control value). That is, the time from the start of temperature rise until completion of adjustment of the height level of the top surface of the charged material (furnace charging time) required 96 hours.

(Inventive Example 5)

In Example 5 of this invention, the charcoal material was thrown in the step before temperature rising, and the input amount of the charcoal material was adjusted sequentially, measuring the height level of the upper end surface of a preparation also in the middle of temperature rising. For this reason, the height level of the upper end surface of the preparation reached the target level (control level) at the completion of the temperature increase. Therefore, the time required for adjustment of the height level of the upper end surface of the input material and the temperature increase after the start of the temperature increase was completed, and the time required for the start of the waste input was 48 hours, which was halved in comparison with Comparative Example 3. Moreover, when the halogen concentration was 0.1% or less as a charcoal material, the discharge | emission of the dioxins during temperature rising was able to be suppressed to very low level.

(Iii) Reduction of Unused Carbon

Table 7 shows the test results of Comparative Example 4 and Inventive Example 6.

TABLE 7

(Comparative Example 4)

In Comparative Example 4, the furnace center lance 9, the upper wing 10, and the steam suction nozzle 33 provided between the gas discharge ports 5 at the upper end of the waste put into the gasification melting furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1. ) Is a case without steam. The unused carbon amount at this time was 15 kg-C / hr.

(Example 6 of the present invention)

In Example 6 of the present invention, the test result when 18 kg / hr of steam was inserted from the steam suction nozzle 33 shown in FIG. The amount of unused carbon decreased to 3 kg-C / hr. In addition, as the amount of unused carbon decreases, the amount of generated CO gas increases and the amount of generated gas heat generated per throughput of the waste 3 increases due to the increase in the amount of CO gas generated and the conversion of steam into hydrogen. In addition, the amount of gas calorific value per 1 Nm 3 of gas (dry gas) also increased from 2058 kPa / Nm 3 to 2070 kPa / Nm 3. In addition, steam was introduced together with the retardant gas from the furnace center lance 9 or the upper wing 33, and the same result was obtained.

(Iii) control of the waste top position;

The comparative example 5 and this invention example 7 show the result of having controlled the height level of the packed bed by charcoal input. Each result is put together in Table 8 and shown.

TABLE 8

(Comparative Example 5)

Comparative Example 5 gas-treated melt shredder dust. As fuel, 8Nm 3 / hr of LPG is inserted from the lower wing 11 without inputting charcoal such as waste wood. As shown in Table 1, the carbon content (fixed carbon) in the pyrolysis residue contained in the shredder dust is 5.4%, which is small compared with the municipal waste after drying.

In the comparative example 5, the amount of retardant gas blown from the lower wing 11 was controlled as a method of controlling the height level of the upper end surface of the waste 3. That is, when the height level of the upper surface is lower than the target, the amount of retardant gas is reduced, and conversely, when the height level is higher than the target, the amount of retardant gas is increased. In addition, with the reduction of the retardant gas from the lower wing 11, the amount of the retardant gas from the lower wing 11 was increased even when the discharge of molten slag and molten metal decreased.

As shown in Table 8, in Comparative Example 5, in order to maintain the level of the upper end face of the waste 3 at a target value of 1450 mm to 1550 mm, the amount of retardant gas from the lower wing 11 and the upper wing are frequently used. It is necessary to operate the amount of retardant gas from the sphere 10, the amount of retardant gas from the lower wing 11 is 20 times / day, and the amount of retardant gas from the upper wing 10 is 35 times / day. Operated at pace.

(Inventive Example 7)

Inventive Example 7 is a case in which waste wood is added as charcoal. The amount of retardant gas from the lower wing 11 and the upper wing 10 was hardly changed, and the position of the upper end of the waste 3 could be controlled to the target control range.

That is, it can be seen that, particularly when the waste 3 having a low fixed carbon is targeted, the control of the position of the upper end of the waste 3 is facilitated by the input of the charcoal 8 and / or the charcoal 36. .

(Iii) material recycling of halogens

Table 9 shows various conditions and results of the halogen recovery test performed based on the flows shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. Here, the recovery of chlorine, which is a representative substance of halogen, will be described as an example.

TABLE 9

(Inventive Example 8)

In Example 8 of the present invention, a chlorine recovery test was performed based on the flow chart shown in FIG. 4. That is, the high calorie gas 40 generated in the furnace of the gasification melting furnace 1 is cooled in the gas cooling device 42, and the dust 57 is lowered in the lower portion of the gas cooling device 42. After each of the removal was performed in the vibration suppression apparatus 46, hydrochloric acid recovery was performed.

The plastic pieces used here are plastic pieces containing a high concentration of chlorine as shown in Table 2. As shown in Table 9, the total chlorine introduced into the gasification furnace 1 is 191 kg-Cl / hr. The chlorine of 189 kg-Cl / hr causes the halogen recovery device 48 and the halogenation device 55 to be removed. After passing, it was recovered. In addition, dioxins contained in the exhaust gas 53 are formed by the pyrolysis gasification of the injected plastic pieces at 1000 ° C. or higher inside the gasification melting furnace 1, and quenching the generated gas at 170 ° C. in the gas cooling device 42. The concentration was suppressed at very low levels. In addition, the gas discharged from the gas cooling device 42 was maintained at 130 ° C. or higher while being introduced into the halogen recovery device 48. In addition, Hastelloy was used for the vibration damper 46 and subsequent piping, and FRP was used as a material of the halogen collection apparatus 48. As a result, no corrosion of the equipment used was observed.

(Inventive Example 9)

In Example 9 of the present invention, a chlorine recovery test was performed based on the flowchart shown in FIG. 5. That is, hydrochloric acid recovery was performed by cooling the high calorie gas 40 produced in the furnace to 100 degrees C or less with the cooling apparatus 42, and condensing the hydrogen chloride gas contained.

As shown in Table 9, the chlorine introduced into the gasification melting furnace 1 is 191 kg-Cl / hr, which is recovered as hydrochloric acid in the lower portion of the gas cooling device 42, and then the halogenation device 55. Converted to chlorine at 189 kg-C1 / hr of chlorine was recovered. In addition, as in Example 8 of the present invention, the injected plastic pieces are pyrolyzed to 1000 ° C or higher in the gasification melting furnace 1, and the resultant gas is quenched to 100 ° C or lower in the gas cooling device 42. The concentration of dioxins contained in 70) was suppressed to low levels.

According to the present invention, the problems of the basic gasification melting furnace, specifically (a) duct blockage, (b) recharge time in the furnace, (c) discharge of unused carbon, (d) top surface position control of the waste, (e ) It is possible to solve the material recycling of halogens, (f) the introduction of hazardous wastes, or (g) the internal pressure rise in the hot water storage chamber, thereby further improving the basic gasification melting furnace. For this reason, according to this invention, it becomes possible to continue gasification melting operation on a commercial scale stably over a long term, and can provide the waste disposal method and processing apparatus of high practicality.

Claims (22)

When the waste is introduced into a waste treatment furnace and the waste is subjected to at least one of combustion, gasification or melting, the waste gas generated by the at least one treatment is subjected to the furnace to the waste treatment. The coolant from a retracting nozzle connected to the inlet circumference of the inlet of the duct, which is connected to the outside of the furnace and cools the exhaust gas, in the furnace near the inlet of the duct. Treatment method. The waste is discharged from the furnace body, the gas outlet arranged above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. A waste inlet disposed between the waste inlet, a furnace center lance disposed at an upper portion of the furnace body to draw retardant gas downward into the furnace, and a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. A waste treatment furnace having an upper wing disposed at least one stage and a wing arrangement disposed at least one stage on a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal, wherein the waste is burned, When performing at least one treatment during gasification or melting, the exhaust gas generated by the at least one treatment is transferred to the furnace body of the waste treatment furnace. The waste treatment method characterized by cooling in a furnace near the inlet of this duct by the refrigerant from the pick-up nozzle connected to the inlet outer periphery of the inlet of the duct which connects and guides the said discharge gas to the exterior of the furnace body. The method according to claim 1 or 2, And the exhaust gas is cooled by inserting a refrigerant composed of at least one of water, process gas, inert gas, or steam into a furnace near the duct inlet. The waste is discharged from the furnace body, the gas outlet arranged above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. A waste inlet disposed between the waste inlet, a furnace center lance disposed at an upper portion of the furnace body to draw retardant gas downward into the furnace, and a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. A waste treatment furnace having an upper wing disposed at least one stage and a wing arrangement disposed at least one stage on a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal, wherein the waste is burned, When performing at least one treatment during gasification or melting, the furnace is connected to the furnace body and exhaust gas generated by the at least one treatment is carried out. The duct inlet and outlet are at least one scraping member which is freely reciprocated in at least one linear portion of the duct guiding out of the sieve and has a conical shape for scraping off deposits on the inner surface of the duct. And operating in accordance with a blockage situation inside the duct estimated by the differential pressure measurement result between the parts. The waste disposal method according to claim 4, wherein the at least one scraping member is operated when the differential pressure measurement results show a tendency to increase in comparison with the start of operation. The waste treatment method according to claim 4, wherein the at least one scraping member is operated periodically at a predetermined time in a range of 1 hour to 24 hours. Arranged between the furnace body, the gas outlet disposed above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. One or more stages in the waste inlet, the furnace center lance disposed in the upper part of the furnace body to draw the retardant gas downward into the furnace, and the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. The total concentration of the halogens contained when the temperature of the waste treatment furnace including the upper wing disposed and the wing opening disposed at one or more stages in the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the molten slag or the outlet of the molten metal is raised. Is 0.1% by mass or less of charcoal in the waste treatment furnace, and the height level of the top surface of the internal inputs to the waste treatment furnace Waste treatment method characterized in that the adjustment. The charcoal material according to claim 7, wherein the total concentration of halogens contained in the furnace body is 0.1% by mass or less before the temperature of the waste treatment furnace is raised. It has two valves arranged in series in the waste input path for injecting waste into the furnace, and between the outer side valve and the inner side valve with charcoal in the state of opening the outer side valve and closing the inner side valve. In the dosing device for supplying to the space of the, and after closing the outer side valve and opening the inner side valve to inject charcoal into the furnace, the embers are put into the upper surface of the charcoal Thereafter, the valve of the outer side or the inner side is closed, the retardant gas is blown from the furnace center lance, and the injected charcoal is combusted to start the temperature rising to the waste treatment. The waste is discharged from the furnace body, the gas outlet arranged above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. A waste inlet disposed between the waste inlet, a furnace center lance disposed at an upper portion of the furnace body to draw retardant gas downward into the furnace, and a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. A waste treatment furnace having an upper wing disposed at least one stage and a wing arrangement disposed at least one stage on a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal, wherein the waste is burned, When performing at least one treatment during gasification or melting, From at least one of the furnace center lance, the upper wing, or at least one nozzle provided in the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet, the direction of the steam to the lower portion of the furnace body, the side wall And at least one of the direction toward the furnace shaft, or the direction toward the direction away from the direction toward the furnace shaft from the side wall. The waste is discharged from the furnace body, the gas outlet arranged above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. A waste inlet disposed between the waste inlet, a furnace center lance disposed at an upper portion of the furnace body to draw retardant gas downward into the furnace, and a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. A waste treatment furnace having an upper wing disposed at least one stage and a wing arrangement disposed at least one stage on a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal, wherein the waste is burned, When performing at least one treatment of gasification or melting, And discharging the carbon discharged from the waste treatment furnace into condensation by mixing the carbon discharged from the waste treatment furnace with the waste as it is unused in the at least one treatment, and then putting the carbon into the waste treatment furnace again. The waste is discharged from the furnace body, the gas outlet arranged above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. A waste inlet disposed between the waste inlet, a furnace center lance disposed at an upper portion of the furnace body to draw retardant gas downward into the furnace, and a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. A waste treatment furnace having an upper wing disposed at least one stage and a wing arrangement disposed at least one stage on a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal, wherein the waste is burned, When performing at least one treatment during gasification or melting, A method for treating waste, characterized in that the coal ash is mixed with the waste to be consolidated and then put into the waste treatment furnace. 12. The charcoal according to claim 11, wherein the charcoal has two valves arranged in series in a waste feeding path for injecting waste into the furnace, and the charcoal is opened while the outer valve is opened while the inner valve is closed. An input device for supplying a space between the valve on the side and the valve on the inner side, and closing the valve on the outer side to open the valve on the inner side to inject charcoal into the furnace. Waste treatment method through the input device installed on the furnace wall between the wing and the wing. The waste is discharged from the furnace body, the gas outlet arranged above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. A waste inlet disposed between the waste inlet, a furnace center lance disposed at an upper portion of the furnace body to draw retardant gas downward into the furnace, and a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. A waste treatment furnace having an upper wing disposed at least one stage and a wing arrangement disposed at least one stage on a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal, wherein the waste is burned, When carrying out at least one treatment during gasification or melting, two bales are formed in series in a waste feeding path for introducing waste into the furnace. And a char to supply the space between the valve on the outside and the valve on the inner side while opening the valve on the outside and closing the valve on the inner side, and closing the valve on the outer side. An input device for opening a valve on the side to inject charcoal into a furnace, wherein an input port of the input device is introduced through an input device provided on a furnace wall between the upper wing tool and the wing tool. delete The waste is discharged from the furnace body, the gas outlet arranged above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. A waste inlet disposed between the waste inlet, a furnace center lance disposed at an upper portion of the furnace body to draw retardant gas downward into the furnace, and a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. An upper molten slug disposed in at least one stage, a molten slug disposed in at least one stage on a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the molten slag or an outlet of molten metal, and a produced molten slag disposed at the bottom of the furnace body And a waste water treatment chamber having a hot water storage chamber for temporarily collecting molten metal or the like, and burning, gasifying or In the course of conducting at least one treatment of the melt, And when the gas pressure inside the hot water storage chamber becomes 0.5 times or more than the design pressure of the hot water storage chamber, the gas collected in the hot water storage chamber is discharged through the gas outlet. . The waste is discharged from the furnace body, the gas outlet arranged above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. A waste inlet disposed between the waste inlet, a furnace center lance disposed at an upper portion of the furnace body to draw retardant gas downward into the furnace, and a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. A waste treatment furnace having an upper wing disposed at least one stage and a wing arrangement disposed at least one stage on a furnace wall between the waste inlet and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal, wherein the waste is burned, When performing at least one of gasification or melting, exhaust gas guided through the duct connected to the gas outlet outside of the furnace body. To dust at a temperature of 120 ° C. or higher, to recover the hydrogen halide gas contained in the discharged exhaust gas as an acid by an acid recovery device, and to convert the recovered acid to halogen, or the gas The exhaust gas guided to the outside of the furnace through a duct connected to the outlet port is cooled to 100 ° C. or lower without being damped, and the hydrogen halide gas contained in the cooled exhaust gas is dissolved in condensed water, And recovering the contained hydrogen halide as an acid, and then converting the recovered acid to halogen. 17. The waste treatment method according to claim 16, wherein the waste is mixed with a chlorine-containing waste material having a concentration of halogen of 10 mass% or more and put into the waste treatment furnace. Arranged between the furnace body, the gas outlet disposed above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. One or more stages in the waste inlet, the furnace center lance disposed in the upper part of the furnace body to draw the retardant gas downward into the furnace, and the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. An upper wing disposed therein; a wing opening disposed at least one level on the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal; and the produced molten slag and molten metal disposed at the bottom of the furnace body. Equipped with a hot water storage chamber for temporarily collecting molten metal, etc., and performing at least one treatment during combustion, gasification or melting of the waste In the waste treatment apparatus for, When the gas pressure in the hot water storage chamber is at least 0.5 times the design pressure of the hot water storage chamber, an exhaust device for discharging the gas collected in the hot water storage chamber via the gas outlet. Waste treatment apparatus characterized in that. Arranged between the furnace body, the gas outlet disposed above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. One or more stages in the waste inlet, the furnace center lance disposed in the upper part of the furnace body to draw the retardant gas downward into the furnace, and the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. The upper wing which is arrange | positioned and the wing which are arrange | positioned at least one stage in the furnace wall between the said waste inlet and the said molten slag or the outlet of molten metal are provided, and waste is subjected to at least 1 processing during combustion, gasification, and melting. A waste treatment apparatus for carrying out the waste treatment apparatus, wherein the exhaust gas generated by the at least one treatment is connected to the furnace body. And a supply section for picking up a refrigerant formed by at least one of water, a process gas, an inert gas, or a vapor disposed on an outer periphery of the inlet of the duct. In the waste treatment apparatus provided with a furnace and performing at least one process of combustion, gasification, or melting to waste, the waste gas produced by the said at least 1 process is connected to the said furnace body, And a duct for guiding to the outside of the duct and a supply portion of a refrigerant constituted by at least one of water, process gas, inert gas, or steam disposed on an outer circumference of the inlet of the duct. Arranged between the furnace body, the gas outlet disposed above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. 1 stage disposed on the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet, wherein the waste inlet is disposed, a furnace center lance disposed at the top of the furnace to introduce retardant gas downward into the furnace. The above upper blade and one or more blades arranged on the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the molten slag or the outlet of the molten metal, and the waste is subjected to at least one treatment during combustion, gasification or melting. In the waste disposal apparatus for At least a differential pressure measuring device for measuring the differential pressure between the inlet and the outlet of the duct, and at least one of the ducts connected to the furnace to guide the exhaust gas generated by the at least one process to the outside of the furnace. And at least one scraping member disposed freely within the one linear portion and having a conical shape for scraping off deposits on the inner surface of the duct based on a measurement result of the differential pressure measuring device. Waste treatment apparatus to be used. Arranged between the furnace body, the gas outlet disposed above the furnace body, the outlet of molten slag or molten metal disposed below the furnace body, and the outlet of the molten slag or molten metal and the gas outlet. One or more stages in the waste inlet, the furnace center lance disposed in the upper part of the furnace body to draw the retardant gas downward into the furnace, and the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet. The upper wing which is arrange | positioned and the wing which arrange | positioned at least one stage in the furnace wall between the said waste inlet and the said molten slug or the molten metal outlet are provided, and waste is subjected to the at least 1 process of combustion, gasification, or melting. In the waste disposal apparatus to From at least one of the nozzles provided in the furnace center lance, the upper vane or at least one nozzle on the furnace wall between the waste inlet and the gas outlet, steam is directed to the lower portion of the furnace body, the furnace at the side wall. A device for treating waste, characterized in that it is inserted in at least one of the direction toward the axis or the direction toward the direction away from the direction toward the furnace shaft on the side wall.

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