玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於具有優越表面平滑性之不燃板及其不燃板 之製法。 【先前技術】 一般而言，在建築材料領域中，能符合根據建築基準法 的不燃試驗基準値者係被認定爲不燃板，且對於供配置於 廚房等使用火之場所附近之收容物，則以消防法或防火條 例規定其必須使用被許可爲不燃板之裝飾板。 如上所述之不燃板一向是使用石膏板、矽酸鈣、火山性 玻璃質材、鎂氧水泥等之不燃材料。該等係例如在由石膏 或石灰石等無機質原料構成之硬化成份，任意混合砂或纖 維類等骨材，並以水混練所製得。 近年以來，作爲體態薄型且具有強度優越之不燃板，曾 揭示一種使用無機質纖維質等使如上所述不燃材料之表面 予以強化所製得之不燃板。 例如，在日本國新型專利第30 3 64M號公報曾揭示一種 將混合氧化鎂、氯化鎂及水等所製得者夾住於兩塊不織布 間之兩層玻璃纖維層間所製得之不燃板。 【發明內容】 發明所欲解決之課題 但是，若爲如日本國新型專利第3 0 3 6 4 2 8號公報所記載 之不燃板之情形下，卻有如欲製造具有表面平滑者則有困 難，或如欲維持其表面平滑性則有困難等缺點。 200413613 其原因如下所述：在不織布等纖維質層內部有許多間隙 存在，且其間隙中含有空氣。因此，當使不燃材料硬化時 ， ’纖維質層內空氣將變成氣泡而穿出於外側，使得在不燃 板表面形成微細的圓形狀凹部。如此之起因於氣泡之凹部 (以下稱爲「氣泡痕」），通常會形成許多例如直徑爲0.5 亳米者，其中也會形成直徑1毫米以上之大小者。 如此之氣泡痕不僅會損及到不燃板表面之平滑性，在不 燃板表面附加裝飾紙或施加塗漆而設置裝飾層時，也會因 所謂的背映現象，使氣泡痕浮現於塗漆面或裝飾層而損及 0 美觀性。因此，爲提高美觀，似可採取硏磨不燃板表面以 消除氣泡痕之對策，但是製造成本將會因增加硏磨步驟而 增加，並且就如上述般之不燃材料而言，如採用例如使用 砂紙之材質來加以硏磨時，也將立刻引起塞孔以致難於獲 得足夠的平滑性。 有鑑於此，本發明之目的乃在於提供一種具有優越的表 面平滑性之不燃板，並且可容易製造如此之不燃板之製法 解決課顯之方法 本發明之不燃板，係在至少一側之表面具有含氣硬性（ air hardening)或水硬性（hydraulicity)硬化成份所構成 之表層，在該表層內側具有第一纖維質層，在該第一纖維 質層內側具有第一玻璃纖維質層，在該第一纖維質層內側 具有含氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份所構成之不燃基材層。含 在該表層之表面之直徑1毫米以上之氣泡痕係每1 00 cm2 200413613 爲10個以下。或是包含在該表層之表面之直徑0·5毫米至 1毫米之氣泡痕係每100 cm2具有100個以下。 本發明其他態樣之不燃板，係將第一纖維質層、第一玻 璃纖維質層、以及含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份之不燃基 材層依此順序積層而成者，且第一纖維質層爲質地比該第 一纖維質層爲緻密之纖維質層，在該第一纖維質層表面， 一體設置含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份之表層。 本發明其他態樣之不燃板，係將第一纖維質層、第一玻 璃纖維質層、含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份之不燃基材層 H ，第二玻璃纖維質層、以及第二纖維質層依此順序積層。 第一纖維質層係質地比第一玻璃纖維質層爲緻密之纖維質 層，第二纖維質層係質地爲比第二玻璃纖維質層緻密之纖 維質層，且在第一纖維質層及第二纖維質層中至少一者之 纖維質層，浸滲含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份之懸浮液， 在不燃板表面設置使纖維質層與硬化成份一體形成之表層 。此種情形下，含在穿過纖維質層所滲出的懸浮液中硬化 成份會因硬化而在纖維質層表面上形成硬化層也不妨。 β 在本發明，由於浸滲懸浮液，能擠出纖維質層內之空氣 ，使得氣泡不會殘留於表層，因此可獲得幾乎不會有氣泡 痕，表面狀態良好之不燃板。並且，由於浸滲於纖維質層 之懸浮液中之硬化成份與含在會通過玻璃纖維質層的不燃 基材層中硬化成份係具有相容性，所以在不燃基材層/玻璃 纖維質層/纖維質層的各層界面之結合狀態也將成爲一體， 因此可得強度優異之不燃板。 200413613 本發明之不燃板之製法，係具有：在平板上，積層經浸 滲過含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份之懸浮液的第一纖維質 層之步驟；在該第一纖維質層上，積層第一玻璃纖維質層 之步驟；以及在該第一纖維質層上，塗佈含有氣硬性或水 硬性硬化成份的混合物之步驟。 也可進一步具有在該混合物上，積層第二玻璃纖維質層 之步驟，以及在該第二玻璃纖維質層上，積層第二纖維質 層之步驟。 【實施方式】 茲就本發明之實施形態說明如下。惟本發明並非局限於 下述實施形態，當可在申請專利範圍所界定範圍內任何變 更皆爲有可能。 本發明之不燃板係具有將第一纖維質層、第一玻璃纖維 質層、以及含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份的不燃基材層依 此順序積層而成之結構，惟較佳爲進一步具有將第二玻璃 纖維質層、與第二纖維質層依此順序積層而成之結構。第 一纖維質層係質地比第一玻璃纖維質層爲緻密之纖維質層 。第二纖維質層係質地比第二玻璃纖維質層爲緻密之纖維 質層。 該不燃板，由於纖維質層與表層係設置成一體，且纖維 質層內空氣已被取除，所以，表層不容易形成氣泡所造成 之孔，因此係呈平滑。 若第一纖維質層及第二纖維質層係質地爲緻密度相同之 纖維質層，且第一纖維質層與第二玻璃纖維質層係質地爲 200413613 緻密度相同之纖維質層，則由於不燃板結構將成爲對稱， 所以不容易形成彎度（sori)。 纖維質層，若從成本等之觀點考慮，則以不織布爲佳。 若供含在不燃基材層之氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份，與供 含在第一及第二纖維質層中至少一者之表面一體形成的表 層之氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份爲具有相容性，則表層與不 燃基材層將成爲一體化，使強度變得優異。 所謂「氣硬性」係意指將水泥類以水混練後，喪失流動 性而凝結、硬化、顯現出強度之現象係僅在空氣中進行， β 在水中則不會硬化之性質。氣硬性水泥類係即使已硬化後 ，在水中強度卻會下降。氣硬性水泥類係例如包含：消石 灰、白雲石膏（dolomite plaster)、燒石膏、基恩氏（说明 Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a non-combustible plate having superior surface smoothness and a method for manufacturing the same. [Prior art] In general, in the field of building materials, those who can meet the non-combustible test standards according to the Building Standards Act are recognized as non-combustible panels, and for storage in the vicinity of places where fire is used in kitchens, etc., It is required by fire law or fire protection regulations to use decorative panels that are licensed as non-combustible panels. As mentioned above, non-combustible boards have always used non-combustible materials such as gypsum board, calcium silicate, volcanic glass, and magnesia cement. These are, for example, hardened components composed of inorganic raw materials such as gypsum or limestone, and aggregates such as sand or fiber are arbitrarily mixed and kneaded with water. In recent years, as a non-combustible board having a thin body and excellent strength, a non-combustible board obtained by strengthening the surface of the non-combustible material described above by using inorganic fibrous materials has been disclosed. For example, Japanese New Patent No. 30 3 64M has disclosed a non-combustible sheet made by sandwiching two glass fiber layers between two nonwoven fabrics, which is produced by mixing magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride, and water. [Summary of the Invention] Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the case of a non-combustible sheet as described in Japanese New Patent No. 3 0 3 6 4 2 8, it is difficult to manufacture a person with a smooth surface. Or, it is difficult to maintain the surface smoothness. 200413613 The reason is as follows: There are many gaps inside the fibrous layer such as non-woven fabric, and the gaps contain air. Therefore, when the non-combustible material is hardened, the air in the fibrous layer becomes bubbles and penetrates the outside, so that a fine circular concave portion is formed on the surface of the non-combustible plate. This is caused by the concave portion of the bubble (hereinafter referred to as "bubble mark"), and many people with a diameter of, for example, 0.5 mm are formed, and those with a diameter of 1 mm or more are also formed. Such bubble marks will not only impair the smoothness of the surface of the non-combustible board. When a decorative layer is added to the surface of the non-combustible board or a paint is applied, the so-called back reflection phenomenon will also cause the bubble tracks to appear on the painted surface. Or the decorative layer impairs 0 aesthetics. Therefore, in order to improve the appearance, it may be possible to take a countermeasure to hob the surface of the non-combustible plate to eliminate the bubble marks, but the manufacturing cost will increase by adding the honing step, and for the non-combustible materials as described above, for example, using sandpaper When the material is honed, it will also cause plug holes immediately, making it difficult to obtain sufficient smoothness. In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a non-combustible board with superior surface smoothness, and a method for manufacturing such a non-combustible board that can easily solve the problem. The non-combustible board of the present invention is on at least one surface It has a surface layer composed of air hardening or hydraulic hardening components, a first fibrous layer inside the surface layer, and a first glass fibrous layer inside the first fibrous layer. The inside of the first fibrous layer has a non-combustible base material layer composed of a gas hardening or hydraulic hardening component. The number of bubble marks of 1 mm in diameter or more contained on the surface of the surface layer is 10 or less per 100 cm2 200413613. Or, the number of bubble marks of 0.5 mm to 1 mm in diameter included in the surface of the surface layer is 100 or less per 100 cm2. The non-combustible sheet of the other aspect of the present invention is formed by stacking a first fibrous layer, a first glassy fibrous layer, and a non-combustible substrate layer containing a gas hardening or hydraulic hardening component in this order, and the first fiber The texture layer is a fibrous layer denser than the first fibrous layer, and a surface layer containing a pneumatic or hydraulic hardening component is integrally provided on the surface of the first fibrous layer. Other aspects of the non-combustible sheet of the present invention include a first fibrous layer, a first glassy fibrous layer, a non-combustible substrate layer H containing a gas hardening or hydraulically hardening component, a second glassy fibrous layer, and a second fiber. Plasma layers are stacked in this order. The first fibrous layer is denser than the first glassy fibrous layer, and the second fibrous layer is denser than the second glassy fibrous layer. The fibrous layer of at least one of the second fibrous layers is impregnated with a suspension containing a gas hardening or hydraulic hardening component, and a surface layer formed by integrating the fibrous layer and the hardening component is provided on the surface of the non-combustible board. In this case, it may be good if the hardening component contained in the suspension exuded through the fibrous layer forms a hardened layer on the surface of the fibrous layer due to hardening. β In the present invention, because the suspension is impregnated, the air in the fibrous layer can be squeezed out, so that air bubbles do not remain on the surface layer, so a non-combustible board with almost no air bubble marks and a good surface condition can be obtained. In addition, since the hardening component impregnated in the suspension of the fibrous layer is compatible with the hardening component contained in the non-combustible base material layer that passes through the glass fiber layer, the non-combustible base material layer / glass fiber layer is compatible. The bonding state of the interfaces of the / fibrous layer will also be integrated, so that a non-combustible sheet having excellent strength can be obtained. 200413613 The method for manufacturing a non-combustible sheet according to the present invention includes: a step of laminating a first fibrous layer impregnated with a suspension containing a gas hardening or hydraulic hardening component on a flat plate; and on the first fibrous layer, A step of laminating a first glassy fibrous layer; and a step of coating the first fibrous layer with a mixture containing a gas hardening or hydraulically hardening component. It may further include a step of laminating a second glassy fibrous layer on the mixture, and a step of laminating a second fibrous layer on the second glassy fibrous layer. [Embodiment] An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and any change within the scope defined by the scope of patent application is possible. The non-combustible sheet of the present invention has a structure in which a first fibrous layer, a first glassy fibrous layer, and a non-combustible base material layer containing a gas-hardening or hydraulic-hardening component are laminated in this order, but it is preferable to further have A structure in which a second glass fiber layer and a second fiber layer are laminated in this order. The first fibrous layer has a denser fibrous layer than the first glassy fibrous layer. The second fibrous layer has a denser fibrous layer than the second glassy fibrous layer. The non-combustible sheet is smooth because the fibrous layer and the surface layer are integrally provided, and the air in the fibrous layer has been removed. Therefore, the surface layer is not easy to form holes due to air bubbles. If the texture of the first fibrous layer and the second fibrous layer is a fibrous layer with the same density, and the texture of the first fibrous layer and the second glassy fibrous layer is a 200413613 fibrous layer with the same density, then The non-combustible plate structure will become symmetrical, so it is not easy to form a soli. From the viewpoint of cost and the like, the fibrous layer is preferably a non-woven fabric. If the gas hardening or hydraulic hardening component contained in the non-combustible base material layer is provided with the surface layer formed integrally with the surface containing at least one of the first and second fibrous layers, the gas hardening or hydraulic hardening component has a similar phase. Capacitance, the surface layer and the non-combustible substrate layer will be integrated, and the strength will be excellent. The so-called "air-hardness" means that after cement is mixed with water, it loses its fluidity and coagulates, hardens, and develops strength. The phenomenon occurs only in air, and β does not harden in water. Even after the air-hardening cement system has been hardened, its strength in water will decrease. Pneumatic cement systems include, for example, anhydrite ash, dolomite plaster, burnt gypsum, Keen's (
Keen’s)水泥、鎂氧水泥等。 與其相對，所謂「水硬性」係意指水泥在與水混和之狀 態下會進行水和硬化之性質。水硬性水泥類係在水中也進 行硬化，且一經硬化，即使在水中強度也不會下降。水硬 性水泥類係包含各種波特蘭水泥、礬土水泥、水硬性石灰 ® 等。 在本發明中，特別是氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份以使用鎂 氧水泥爲佳。因爲其係成本低，且具有優異強度之故。但 是上述其他水泥可使用。 本發明之不燃板之製法’係具有：在平板上，積層經浸 滲過含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份的第一纖維質層之步驟 ;在該第一纖維質層上，積層第一玻璃纖維質層之步驟； -10- 200413613 在該第一纖維質層上，塗佈含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份 的混合物之步驟；在該混合物上，積層第二玻璃纖維質層 之步驟；以及在該第二玻璃纖維質層上，積層第二纖維質 層之步驟。 由於在平板上積層經浸滲含有氣硬性或水硬性之硬化成 份之懸浮液，藉此即可在不燃板表面設置與纖維質層一體 形成之表層。 由於在平板上積層經浸滲過含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成 份之懸浮液，所以懸浮液及纖維質層內空氣，將朝與平板 ® 之接觸面即與表層表面相反側之上方移動，並使懸浮液浸 滲，藉此即可預先取除纖維質層內大部分氣泡。 因此，可減少氣泡產生，減少氣泡向表層表面穿過而形 成氣泡痕。所產生之氣泡大小也是極其微小，所以表面將 變成平滑。 例如，如上所述先前是會形成每100 cm2達400個以上的 直徑0.5毫米至1毫米之氣泡痕，其中也會形成100個以 上之直徑爲1毫米者。但是若依照本發明，則大都氣泡痕 ® 卻爲直徑0.5毫米以下，且即使有形成直徑0.5毫米至1毫 米之氣泡痕，但是其量卻爲每100 cm2具有100個以下。 直徑達1毫米以上之氣泡痕幾乎未形成，即使有形成，其 量也在於每100 cm2爲10個以下。 爲使氣泡之產生能抑制得更少’也可在懸浮液（例如水 泥泥漿）中預先添加消泡劑。此種情形下，在混練懸浮液 時即能抑制氣泡產生’可減少在不燃基材層中產生氣泡。 -11- 200413613 消泡劑可使用破泡劑、抑泡劑、脫泡劑中任一者。所謂 「破泡」係意指對於泡沫（泡之集合物）從空氣側浸入於 泡而破壞泡。所謂「抑泡」係意指從液體側浸入於泡，使 泡合爲一或破壞以使氣泡不易產生。所謂「脫泡」係意謂 著侵入於氣泡界面使氣泡合爲一並使其浮上來。 可供使用於本發明之消泡劑，並無特殊限定，但是較佳 爲矽、聚矽氧系破泡-抑泡劑、或聚酯系脫泡-抑泡劑。因 爲該等係與水泥之相容性佳，消泡效果良好，且成本又低 之故。添加量係以懸浮液全體之0.05至1重量％爲佳，更馨 佳爲〇. 1至0.5重量％。 若第一纖維質層與第二纖維質層係質地爲相同緻密度之 纖維質層，且第一玻璃纖維質層與第二玻璃纖維質層係質 地爲相同緻密度之玻璃纖維質層，則由於不燃板結構將成 爲對稱，彎度就不容易產生。 在該積層第一纖維質層之步驟後，較佳爲至少具有一次 之加壓步驟。由於加壓第一纖維質層等，即使能取除層內 多餘之懸浮液，可容易維持表面平滑性。 鲁 在上述加壓步驟，如隔著平坦的薄片來加壓，即可防止 加壓裝置受到污染。 在積層第二纖維質層之步驟前，設置使懸浮液浸滲於第 二纖維質層之步驟即可使不燃板兩面作成爲平滑。 接著，參閱圖式將本發明更詳加說明如下。 第1圖係展示本發明一實施例之不燃板剖面槪括圖。 本發明之不燃板1係具有將第一纖維質層2、第一玻璃纖 -12- 200413613 維質層3、不燃基材層4、第二玻璃纖維質層5、以及第二 纖維質層6依此順序積層而成之結構，且在第一纖維質層 ' 2表面一體積層表層7。另外，在第1圖中在各層間雖然描 繪出有間隙，但是實際上是相鄰接各層係接合在一起。 含在於不燃基材層4之硬化成份，係窯業系材料（氫氧 化錫、砂酸耗等）、鎂氧水泥及石賞的構成成份中會參與 硬化之成份，係由一種或兩種無機質原料所構成，但是也 可爲氣硬性，也可爲水硬性。例如可例示石膏（硫酸鈣） 、石灰石（碳酸鈣）、氧化鎂等。特別是以使用鎂氧水泥 馨 爲佳。 所謂鎂氧水泥係一種將氧化鎂（MgO)與氯化鎂或硫酸鎂 (鹵水）混合，再加上任意骨材，並與水混練而成者，其 具有氣硬性。其混合例如下： 3 MgO — MgCl2 — 1 5 H20 5 MgO - MgCl2 - 1 5 H20 8 MgO-MgCl2 — 0.24 MgS04 — 15 H20 等。 不燃基材層4係在該硬化成份加上任意骨材，與水混練 β ’使其硬化所形成。其時也可添加上述消泡劑。 骨材係通常澆製混凝土或灰泥（mortar )時供混合於水泥 等之材料，包括有矽砂、砂石、碎石等無機質顆粒，或岩 綿、玻璃綿等無機質纖維，木片、紙漿等有機質纖維。 構成第一及第二玻璃纖維質層3、5之玻璃纖維質，係可 使用習知的玻璃織布。較佳爲例如將直徑5至1 5微米之玻 璃纖維，以網眼節距（縱X橫）：（5至1 5 X 5至1 5 )(支 -13- 200413613 /2 5毫米）所編成之網目狀者。 玻璃玻璃纖維質層3、5之單位面積重量係以7 〇至9 〇 g/mm2爲佳。玻璃纖維質層3、5之單位面積重量若爲7〇 g/m2以上，則將具有優越的強度，若爲90 g/m2以下，貝fj 可確保各層間具有足夠的貼緊性。 構成第一及第二玻璃纖維質層3、5之玻璃纖維質，較佳 爲相同者。其理由爲若使用相同的玻璃纖維質，則不容易 產生彎度之故。 第一及第二之纖維質層2、6係質地比第一及第二之玻璃着 纖維質層3、5之網眼節距爲緻密，只要是爲不能讓骨材通 過的緻密者，即可將不織布等作爲不燃板結構材料而爲一 般所周知之纖維質層。例如玻璃纖維不織布或聚丙燒不織 布係不會產生因水引起之收縮，所以較爲理想。坡璃纖維 不織布係在強度與不燃性方面優異。聚丙嫌不織布係因成 本低之故而特別佳。 纖維質層之單位面積重量係以1 0至20 g/m2爲佳。纖維 質層之單位面積重量若爲10 g/m2以上，則能得足夠的強度鲁 ，不容易產生破裂。若爲20 g/m2，則各層間之貼緊性將變 得足夠者，且氣泡穿透亦會變佳。 第一及第二玻璃纖維質層2、6也可爲相同者，也可爲不 相同者，但是從防止不燃板彎度之觀點考慮，則以將積層 結構作成爲對稱構造爲佳，纖維質層也以使用相同者爲佳 〇 表層7係將含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份的無機質原料 -14- 200413613 與水一起混練，使其硬化而成者，其係以與供使用於不燃 基材層4之無機質原料具有相容性爲佳。不燃基材層4之 ' 無機質原料係會穿過玻璃纖維質層3、5而滲出至纖維質層 2、6。經滲出的無機質原料之一部分在纖維質層2、6上形 成水泥水泥層（硬化層）也不妨。另外，也可預先將與無 機質原料具有相容性之無機質原料以水予以稀釋者浸滲於 纖維質層2、6。此種情形下，兩者將變得易於相容，在不 燃基材層4與玻璃纖維質層3、5與纖維質層2、6之各層 界面的結合狀態也會成爲一體，因此能提供強度優越之不 燃板。只要爲不致於妨礙表面平滑性，也可添加矽砂、木 片 '岩綿等骨材。並且將經硬化後之不燃板表面予以硏磨 ’以施加更加平滑之處理時，與供浸滲於纖維質層2、6之 無機質原料一起倂用滑石、碳酸鈣等所謂之體質顏料，俾 胃於硏磨之措施也是可取之方法。 表層7之厚度（亦即距自最表面至玻璃纖維層5之厚度 係以具有不致於在不燃板產生彎度的程度之薄，且玻 ί离纖維層5之纖維不致於顯現於表面的程度之厚爲佳，例 # 如以1 〇至3 〇微細左右爲佳。 本實施例之不燃板1係具有在單層之不燃基材層4兩面 ’將玻璃纖維質層3、5及纖維質層2、6依序積層之結構 ’ ί旦是本發明並非局限於此，例如也可爲如將不燃基材層 作成爲兩層以上，並在其間更進一步設置玻璃纖維質層或 纖維質層之結構。 表層7也可在第二纖維質層6之表面設置。 -15- 200413613 第2圖係展示本發明不燃板之製法之一實施例槪括圖。 在本實施例則首先將上述氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份與水 ’ 混合，以調製懸浮液1 1。邊移動表面平滑的平板2 1邊將 經製得之懸浮液1 1供給於該平板2 1上。以覆蓋該懸浮液 1 1之方式邊供給第一纖維質層2邊以壓輥3 1 a加壓，以使 懸浮液1 1浸滲於第一纖維質層2 (步驟A )。 在該步驟，由於第一纖維質層2內空氣將因懸浮液1 1浸 摻而被擠出，所以由懸浮液1 1構成之層與平板2 1之界面 ，可得氣泡痕跡顯著地被減少之面。對於通過壓輥3 1 b之 鲁 玻璃纖維質層也使懸浮液浸滲，藉此即可更加防止氣泡產 生而得平滑面。 此時懸浮液1 1之黏度，應設定爲能充分浸透於纖維質層 2全體之程度的低黏度。該黏度係雖應按照所使用的纖維 質層2之材質、重量等而作適當的調節，但是較佳爲0.1 至0.2 Pa-s。懸浮液1 1之黏度只要爲0.1 pa-s以上，即不 容易由平板21上滴落，只要爲0.2 Pa-s以下，即對於纖維 質層之滲透性良好。 Φ 平板2 1之材質，只要其爲具有優越的表面平滑性且懸浮 液1 1經固化後能予以取除者，則並無特殊限定。對於如鎂 氧水泥之鹼性原料，則以具有耐鹼性之金屬板或塑膠板爲 佳，惟基於重量輕且易於操作之理由，仍以塑膠板例如 ABS板爲佳。 然後在該第一不織布2上，使用壓輥3 1 b來積層第一玻 璃纖維質層3 (步驟B )。 -16 - 200413613 另一方面，預先在與步驟A所使用者相同之硬化成份， 添加任意骨材，並與水混練在一起，藉以調製混合物1 2。 將該混合物1 2以壓輥3 1 c塗佈於該第一纖維質層3上（ 步驟C )。 此時，混合物1 2中水之比率係以混合物1 2的總重量之 1 5至2 0重量％爲佳。水之比率若爲1 5重量％以上，則硬 化性良好，不容易造成流動性不足所引起之成形不良。反 之，水之比率若爲2 0重量％以下，則經硬化後之強度優異 。進一步添加減水劑即能改善流動性，藉此即能防止硬化 馨 不良或成形不良。 接著在該混合物1 2上，以壓輥3 1 d積層第二玻璃纖維質 層5及第二纖維質層6(步驟D)。 在本實施例係同時積層玻璃纖維質層5與纖維質層6，但 是也可分開進行積層。 纖維質層6及玻璃纖維質層5，係也可爲與在步驟a及B 所使用之纖維質層2及玻璃纖維質層3相同，也可爲不同 ，但是較佳爲使用相同者。 Φ 在積層該第二纖維質層6之前，在該第二纖維質層6，例 如與步驟A同樣地預先使該懸浮液浸滲，即可使不燃板兩 面作成爲平滑。 接著’在經由上述步驟A至D所獲得之積層體上，疊上 平坦的薄片22。然後以壓輥31e隔著該薄片22而加壓該 積層體，以調整厚度（步驟E)。 平坦的薄片2 2之材質，只要爲於該混合物1 2經固化後 -17- 200413613 能予以取出者，則並無特殊限定，例如可使用厚度設定爲 100至200微米時具有抗變形強度，且呈透明而能透視氣 泡狀態之PET薄片。 在本實施例係將該積層體隔著平坦的薄片22而予以加壓 ，惟薄片22也可有可無。但是只要隔著薄片22，即能防 止壓輥3 1 e受到污染，因此較佳爲疊上薄片22。 經由步驟E所製得之積層體，可在進一步使用壓輥3 1 f來 任意調節厚度（步驟F)。經實施步驟F，即能使經製得之 不燃板厚度均勻化，提高平滑性精確度。 然後使積層體固化，懸浮液1 1及混合物1 2即將分別成 爲表層7及不燃基材層4。表層7及不燃基材層4係經由 加壓將以相接狀態受到固化。表層7及不燃基材層4係只 要是使用各自硬化成份係具有相容性者，即可在無境界下 成爲一體化，所以能作成爲耐久性優越的不燃板。特別是 以使供含在表層7及不燃基材層4之硬化成份採用相同者 爲佳。 然後由經固化的積層體剝離平板2 1及平坦的薄片22 ’即 可得不燃板。 經如上述方式所製得之不燃板表面，係呈平滑，且含在 表層表面之氣泡痕係直徑1毫米以上之氣泡痕每cm2 爲10個以下，直徑0.5毫米至1毫米之氣泡痕每l〇〇cm2 具有1 00個以下，並且耐久性也佳。 本發明之製法係適合於製造例如具有厚度3毫米以上之 不燃板。在製造厚度3毫米以上，特別是如9毫米以上的 200413613 不燃板之情形下，在製造時，因不燃板本身之重量在表層 表面將受到大的壓力。因此在表層表面幾乎不會形成直徑 1毫米以上大小之氣泡痕，可得平滑性更優越之不燃板。 此種情形下，直徑1毫米以上之氣泡痕每1 00 cm2爲5個 以下，直徑0.5毫米至1毫米之氣泡痕每1〇〇 cm2則爲50 個以下。 在本發明中，在表層7上也可形成由紫外線固化型樹脂 構成之紫外線塗膜。以往爲塡充表層表面之凹凸，係採取 將紫外線固化樹脂塗成爲例如1 00微米厚度，並經固化後馨 實施5 0微米之硏磨。與其相對，在本發明，則由於表面凹 凸較少，初期塗佈量則將紫外線固化型樹脂塗成爲70微米 厚度即夠，經固化後實施50微米之硏磨即能得紫外線塗膜 。此種情形下，形成塗膜成本可縮減3 0%。 【實施例】 茲以實施例具體說明本發明及其效果，但是本發明之並 非局限於該等。 實施例1 · 使用下述材料，並使用第2圖所示之製法，以製得厚度 3.3±0.3毫米、重量1，7 90±479 g/m2之不燃板。 (1) 玻璃纖維質層3、5:單位面積重量70 土 7 g/m2、網 眼節距（縱X橫）13x8 (支/25毫米）之玻璃布 (2) 纖維質層2、6:單位面積重量爲18±2 g/m2之聚丙 烯不織布 (3 ) 不燃基材層4 :係使用在下述組成之混合物1 00重 -19- 200413613 量％，加入水20重量％混練而成之混合物所形成。 玻璃纖維層3、5間之厚度爲約3 . 1亳米。 矽砂 4 5重量％ 氧化鎂 3 5重量％ 氯化鎂 1 5重量％ 木片 4重量％ 岩綿 1重量％ (4 ) 表層7 :係使用在下述組成之混合物1 0 0重量％，加 入水3 0重量％混練而成之懸浮液所形成。距自表層 7表面至玻璃纖維層5之厚度爲約0.22亳米。 氧化鎂 70重量％ 氯化鎂 3 0重量％ 就經製得之不燃板，根據日本國建築基準法第2絛第9 項所規定之有關認定之評估，進行不燃試驗，結果發熱量 爲4 MJ (兆焦耳）/m2，係屬足夠於符合規格値（8 MJ/m2 以下）之水準。 經以目視確認在表面之氣泡大小與個數結果，經將懸浮 液浸滲於不織布（第一纖維質層2)所形成之表層7側之 表面每1 00 cm2所形成之氣泡痕，直徑1毫米以上者爲〇 個，直徑〇·5毫米至1毫米者爲83個。 另一方面，未將懸浮液浸滲於不織布（第二纖維質層6) 所形成之第二纖維質層6側之表面每1 〇〇 cm2所形成之氣 泡痕，直徑1毫米以上者爲230個，直徑〇·5毫米至1毫 米者則有4 9 5個存在。 -20- 200413613 在第3圖展示表層7側之剖面圖（a)及其模式圖（b)。 在表層7內側有不織布層42之纖維，與玻璃布之纖維43 分散著’在表面附近並未看得到大小爲直徑1毫米以上之 氣泡痕。 在第4圖展示第二纖維質層6之剖面圖（a)及其模式圖 (b )。在表面附近有不織布層46之纖維與玻璃布之纖維 4 5分散著，在表面附近則形成大小爲直徑〇 · 5毫米以上之 氣泡痕48個，且其他也形成微細氣泡痕。 如上所述未將懸浮液浸滲於不織布（第二纖維質層6)所馨 形成之表面，係會顯現與先前技術所能看到的相同缺點， 由此結果即得知，其係足於佐證在纖維質層浸滲懸浮液而 形成表層之有效性。 實施例2 除將實施例1之聚丙烯不織布變更爲玻璃纖維不織布以 外，其餘則與實施例1同樣地製造不燃板。不燃試驗之結 果是良好。 形成於表層7側之表面每100 cm2之氣泡痕，直徑1毫米® 以上者有1個，直徑0.5亳米至1毫米者則有60個。 實施例3 除將實施例1之氯化鎂變更爲硫酸鎂以外，其餘則與實 施例1同樣地製造不燃板。不燃試驗之結果是良好。 形成於表層7側之表面每1〇〇 cm2之氣泡痕’直徑1毫米 以上者有〇個，直徑0.5亳米至1毫米者則有68個。 發明之效果 -21 - 200413613 本發明之不燃板，其形成於表面之氣泡痕數量及大小係 大幅度減少，形成於表層之表面每100 cm2之氣泡痕，直 徑1毫米以上者爲10個以下，直徑0.5毫米至1毫米者具 有1 〇〇個以下。本發明之不燃板，由於表面爲平滑，在表 面可不必施加塗裝或裝飾層即可直接利用。 本發明之不燃板，係將第一纖維質層、第一纖維質層、 以及含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份之不燃基材層依此順序 積層而成者，且由於該第一纖維質層係質地爲比第一玻璃 纖維質層爲緻密之纖維質層，並在該第一纖維質層表面一 · 體設置含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份的表層，因此不容易 在其表面形成氣泡痕跡等，因此具有平滑的表面。 若第一纖維質層與第二纖維質層係質地爲相同緻密度之 纖維質層，且第一玻璃纖維質層與第二玻璃纖維質層係質 地爲相同緻密度之玻璃纖維質層，則不燃板結構將成爲對 稱，所以不容易產生彎度。 不燃基材層之硬化成份，與表層之硬化成份若具有相容 性，則不燃板全體將成爲一體化，使得表層與不燃基材層 ® 不會在界面部分分離，因此具有優越的強度或耐久性。 硬化成份若使用鎂氧水泥，則可製成低成本且強度優越 之不燃板。 本發明之其他態樣之不燃板，由於其係在平板上積層經 浸滲過含有氣硬性或水硬性硬化成份的懸浮液之第一纖維 質層，所以懸浮液及不織布內空氣或水蒸氣，將向與平板 之接觸面即與表層表面相反側之上方移動。藉由浸滲懸浮 -22- 200413613 液，可預先取除不織布內大都氣泡。因此表面即可大幅度 減少氣泡痕所引起之孔，使表面呈平滑。 若第一纖維質層與第二纖維質層係質地爲相同緻密度之 纖維質層，且第一玻璃纖維質層與第二玻璃纖維質層係質 地爲相同緻密度之玻璃纖維質層，則不燃板結構將成爲對 稱，所以不容易產生彎度。 在積層該第一纖維質層之步驟後，至少施加一次之加壓 步驟，藉此即可取除多餘的懸浮液，使得表面變得更加平 滑。由於表層係設成爲一體，也能減少隨著硬化時間經過 所產生之體積收縮，所以能抑制不燃板表面因隨著時間經 過之凹凸形成。 再加上由於在該積層體上疊上平坦的薄片，且隔著該薄 片進行加壓，因此能防止硬化成份黏附所引起之壓機裝置 污染。 另外，由於在積層第二纖維質層步驟之前，設置使懸浮 液浸滲於第二纖維質層之步驟，因此可使不燃板兩面成爲 平滑。 · 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係展示本發明一實施態樣之不燃板剖面槪括圖。 第2圖係展示本發明不燃板之製法之一實施例槪括圖。 第3圖爲經由試驗例1所製造之不燃板表層側之剖面圖 (a)及其模式圖（b)。 第4圖爲經由試驗例1所製造之不燃板第二纖維質層側 之剖面圖（a )及其模式圖（b )。 -23- 200413613 元件代表符號之說明 1 不 2 第 3 第 4 不 5 第 6 第 7 表 11 懸 12 混 2 1 平 22 平 3 1 a 至 3 1 f 壓 42 不 燃板 一纖維質層 一玻璃纖維質層 燃基材層 二玻璃纖維質層 二纖維質層 層 浮液 合物Keen ’s) cement, magnesia cement, and the like. In contrast, "hydraulic" refers to the nature of cement that undergoes water and hardening when mixed with water. Hydraulic cements are hardened in water, and once hardened, the strength does not decrease even in water. The hydraulic cement system includes various Portland cement, alumina cement, hydraulic lime ® and so on. In the present invention, it is particularly preferable to use magnesia cement as the pneumatic or hydraulic hardening component. Because it is low cost and has excellent strength. However, the other cements mentioned above can be used. The method for manufacturing a non-combustible sheet according to the present invention includes: a step of laminating a first fibrous layer containing a gas-hardening or a hydraulic-hardening component on a flat plate; A step of fibrous layer; -10- 200413613 a step of coating a mixture containing a gas hardening or a hydraulic setting component on the first fibrous layer; a step of laminating a second glass fiber layer on the mixture; and A step of laminating a second fibrous layer on the second glass fibrous layer. Since a suspension containing gas hardening or hydraulic hardening components is impregnated on the flat plate, a surface layer formed integrally with the fibrous layer can be provided on the surface of the non-combustible plate. As the layer is impregnated with a suspension containing gas hardening or hydraulic hardening components, the suspension and the air in the fibrous layer will move above the contact surface with the plate®, that is, the side opposite to the surface layer, and The suspension is impregnated, so that most of the air bubbles in the fibrous layer can be removed in advance. Therefore, the generation of air bubbles can be reduced, and the passage of air bubbles toward the surface layer can be reduced to form air bubble marks. The size of the bubbles produced is also extremely small, so the surface will become smooth. For example, as described above, 400 or more bubbles of 0.5 mm to 1 mm in diameter were formed per 100 cm2, and more than 100 bubbles of 1 mm in diameter were also formed. However, according to the present invention, most of the bubble marks ® have a diameter of 0.5 mm or less, and even if there are bubble marks of 0.5 mm to 1 mm in diameter, the amount is 100 or less per 100 cm2. Bubble marks with a diameter of 1 mm or more are hardly formed, and even if they are formed, the amount is 10 or less per 100 cm2. In order to suppress the generation of air bubbles', a defoaming agent may also be added to the suspension (such as cement slurry) in advance. In this case, the generation of air bubbles can be suppressed when the suspension is kneaded, and the generation of air bubbles in the non-combustible substrate layer can be reduced. -11- 200413613 As the defoaming agent, any of a defoaming agent, a suds suppressor and a defoaming agent can be used. The so-called "breaking bubble" means that the foam (aggregate of the bubble) is immersed in the bubble from the air side to destroy the bubble. The so-called "foam suppression" means immersed into the bubble from the liquid side, so that the bubbles are unified or destroyed so that the bubbles are not easily generated. The so-called "defoaming" means intruding into the interface of bubbles to merge the bubbles and cause them to float. The antifoaming agent which can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferably a silicon, polysiloxane-based defoaming-foam suppressor, or a polyester-based defoaming-foam suppressor. Because these systems have good compatibility with cement, good defoaming effect, and low cost. The addition amount is preferably 0.05 to 1% by weight of the entire suspension, and more preferably 0.1 to 0.5% by weight. If the texture of the first fibrous layer and the second fibrous layer is a fibrous layer of the same density, and the texture of the first and second glass fibrous layers is a fibrous layer of the same density, then Since the structure of the non-combustible plate will become symmetrical, the camber will not be easily generated. After the step of laminating the first fibrous layer, it is preferable to have a pressing step at least once. Since the first fibrous layer is pressed, the surface smoothness can be easily maintained even if the excess suspension in the layer can be removed. Lu In the above-mentioned pressing step, if the pressure is applied through a flat sheet, the pressing device can be prevented from being contaminated. Before the step of laminating the second fibrous layer, a step of impregnating the suspension with the second fibrous layer can be provided to smooth both sides of the non-combustible sheet. Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a cross section of a non-combustible plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. The non-combustible sheet 1 of the present invention includes a first fibrous layer 2, a first glass fiber -12-200413613 three-dimensional layer 3, a non-combustible substrate layer 4, a second glass fiber layer 5, and a second fiber layer 6 A layered structure is laminated in this order, and a volume layer of surface layer 7 is formed on the surface of the first fibrous layer '2. In addition, although gaps are drawn between the layers in Fig. 1, the adjacent layers are actually joined together. The hardening component contained in the non-combustible substrate layer 4 is a component that will participate in the hardening of the kiln industry materials (tin hydroxide, sand acid consumption, etc.), magnesia cement, and stone reward. It consists of one or two inorganic materials Structure, but it may be pneumatic or hydraulic. Examples thereof include gypsum (calcium sulfate), limestone (calcium carbonate), and magnesium oxide. Especially the use of magnesia cement is preferred. The so-called magnesia cement is a mixture of magnesium oxide (MgO) and magnesium chloride or magnesium sulfate (brine), plus any aggregate, and kneaded with water. It has air stiffness. The mixing examples are as follows: 3 MgO — MgCl2 — 1 5 H20 5 MgO-MgCl2-1 5 H20 8 MgO-MgCl2 — 0.24 MgS04 — 15 H20 and so on. The non-combustible base material layer 4 is formed by adding an arbitrary aggregate to the hardening component and kneading β 'with water to harden it. At this time, the above-mentioned defoaming agent may be added. Aggregate materials are usually mixed with cement and other materials when pouring concrete or mortar, including inorganic particles such as silica sand, gravel, crushed stone, or inorganic fibers such as rock wool, glass wool, wood chips, pulp, etc. Organic fibers. As the glass fiber constituting the first and second glass fiber layers 3 and 5, a conventional glass woven fabric can be used. Preferably, for example, a glass fiber having a diameter of 5 to 15 micrometers is prepared with a mesh pitch (vertical X horizontal): (5 to 1 5 X 5 to 1 5) (branch-13-200413613 / 2 5 mm). Mesh-like person. The weight per unit area of the glass fiberglass layers 3 and 5 is preferably 70 to 90 g / mm2. If the weight per unit area of the glass fiber layers 3 and 5 is more than 70 g / m2, it will have superior strength, and if it is less than 90 g / m2, it will ensure sufficient adhesion between the layers. The glass fibers constituting the first and second glass fiber layers 3 and 5 are preferably the same. The reason is that if the same glass fiber material is used, the camber is less likely to occur. The texture of the first and second fibrous layers 2 and 6 is denser than the mesh pitch of the first and second vitreous fibrous layers 3 and 5, as long as it is a dense person that cannot pass through the aggregate, that is, Non-woven fabrics and the like can be used as a non-combustible plate structural material and generally known fibrous layers. For example, glass fiber nonwoven fabrics or polypropylene nonwoven fabrics are preferable because they do not cause shrinkage due to water. Slope fiber nonwovens are excellent in strength and noncombustibility. Polypropylene fabrics are particularly good because of their low cost. The basis weight of the fibrous layer is preferably 10 to 20 g / m2. If the basis weight of the fibrous layer is 10 g / m2 or more, sufficient strength can be obtained, and cracking is unlikely to occur. If it is 20 g / m2, the adhesion between the layers will be sufficient, and the bubble penetration will be better. The first and second glass fiber layers 2 and 6 may be the same or different, but from the viewpoint of preventing the curvature of the non-combustible sheet, it is better to make the laminated structure a symmetrical structure, and the fiber layer It is also better to use the same one. Surface layer 7 is a mixture of inorganic raw materials containing hardening components that are gas hardening or hydraulic hardening -14-200413613 mixed with water to harden it. The inorganic raw materials of 4 are preferably compatible. The inorganic material of the non-combustible base material layer 4 penetrates the glass fiber layers 3 and 5 and exudates to the fiber layers 2 and 6. A part of the exuded inorganic raw material may form a cement cement layer (hardened layer) on the fibrous layers 2 and 6. In addition, the fibrous layers 2 and 6 may be impregnated with an inorganic raw material that is compatible with inorganic raw materials and diluted with water in advance. In this case, the two will become compatible easily, and the bonding state at the interface between the non-combustible substrate layer 4 and the glass fiber layer 3, 5 and the fiber layer 2, 6 will also be integrated, so it can provide strength. Superior non-combustible board. As long as the surface smoothness is not impaired, aggregate materials such as silica sand and wood chips can be added. And when the hardened non-combustible board surface is honing to apply a smoother treatment, the so-called constitutional pigments such as talc and calcium carbonate are used together with the inorganic raw materials for impregnating the fibrous layers 2 and 6 to rub the stomach Honing measures are also desirable. The thickness of the surface layer 7 (that is, the thickness from the outermost surface to the glass fiber layer 5 is so thin that it does not cause a curvature in the non-combustible sheet, and the fibers of the glass fiber layer 5 do not appear on the surface. Thickness is better, for example # It is better to be about 10 to 30 micrometers. The non-combustible plate 1 of this embodiment has a single-layer non-combustible substrate layer 4 on both sides of the glass fiber layer 3, 5 and the fiber layer 2, 6 The structure of the laminated layer in sequence. The invention is not limited to this. For example, it can also be a non-combustible substrate layer made of two or more layers, and a glass fiber layer or a fibrous layer can be further provided therebetween. Structure. The surface layer 7 can also be provided on the surface of the second fibrous layer 6. -15- 200413613 Figure 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a non-combustible plate according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the above gas rigidity is firstly used. Or the hydraulic hardening component is mixed with water to prepare the suspension 1 1. While moving the flat surface 2 1 with a smooth surface, the prepared suspension 1 1 is supplied onto the flat plate 2 1 to cover the suspension 1 1 Press the roller 3 1 a while supplying the first fibrous layer 2 The first fibrous layer 2 is impregnated with the suspension 11 (step A). In this step, since the air in the first fibrous layer 2 is extruded due to the impregnation of the suspension 11, The interface between the layer composed of the suspension 11 and the flat plate 21 can be obtained with significantly reduced bubbles. The glass fiber layer passing through the pressure roller 3 1 b can also impregnate the suspension, thereby making it more effective. The smooth surface can be prevented by preventing air bubbles. At this time, the viscosity of the suspension 11 should be set to a low viscosity that can sufficiently penetrate the entire fibrous layer 2. The viscosity should be based on the material of the fibrous layer 2 used. And weight are adjusted appropriately, but it is preferably 0.1 to 0.2 Pa-s. As long as the viscosity of the suspension 11 is 0.1 pa-s or more, it is not easy to drip from the flat plate 21, as long as it is 0.2 Pa-s Hereinafter, the permeability of the fibrous layer is good. Φ The material of the flat plate 21 is not particularly limited as long as it has superior surface smoothness and the suspension 11 can be removed after curing. The alkaline raw materials of magnesia cement are metal plates or plastic plates with alkali resistance. Good, but for reasons of light weight and ease of operation, plastic plates such as ABS plates are still preferred. Then, on the first non-woven fabric 2, a pressure roller 3 1 b is used to laminate the first glass fiber layer 3 (step B) -16-200413613 On the other hand, the same hardening ingredients as those used in step A are added in advance, and any aggregate is added and mixed with water to prepare a mixture 1 2. The mixture 1 2 is pressed by a roller 3 1 c is coated on the first fibrous layer 3 (step C). At this time, the ratio of water in the mixture 12 is preferably 15 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the mixture 12. If the ratio of water is If it is 15% by weight or more, the hardenability is good, and it is not easy to cause molding defects caused by insufficient fluidity. Conversely, if the ratio of water is 20% by weight or less, the strength after curing is excellent. Further addition of a water-reducing agent can improve fluidity, thereby preventing defective curing or defective molding. Next, the second glass fiber layer 5 and the second fiber layer 6 were laminated on the mixture 12 by a pressure roller 3 1 d (step D). In this embodiment, the glass fiber layer 5 and the fiber layer 6 are laminated at the same time, but they may be laminated separately. The fibrous layer 6 and the glass fibrous layer 5 may be the same as the fibrous layer 2 and the glass fibrous layer 3 used in steps a and B, and may be different, but it is preferable to use the same. Φ Before the second fibrous layer 6 is laminated, the second fibrous layer 6 can be impregnated with the suspension, for example, as in step A, so that both sides of the non-combustible sheet can be made smooth. Next, on the laminated body obtained through the above steps A to D, a flat sheet 22 is stacked. Then, the laminated body is pressed by the pressing roller 31e via the sheet 22 to adjust the thickness (step E). The material of the flat sheet 2 2 is not particularly limited as long as it can be taken out after the mixture 1 2 has been cured -17- 200413613. For example, it can be used with a thickness of 100 to 200 microns and has deformation resistance, and A PET sheet that is transparent and can see through bubbles. In this embodiment, the laminated body is pressurized with the flat sheet 22 interposed therebetween, but the sheet 22 may be optional. However, as long as the sheet 22 is interposed, the pressure roller 3 1 e can be prevented from being contaminated. Therefore, it is preferable to stack the sheet 22. The laminated body obtained in step E can be further arbitrarily adjusted in thickness by using a pressure roller 3 1 f (step F). By implementing step F, the thickness of the prepared non-combustible plate can be made uniform, and the smoothness accuracy can be improved. Then, the laminated body is cured, and the suspension 11 and the mixture 12 are about to become the surface layer 7 and the non-combustible substrate layer 4, respectively. The surface layer 7 and the non-combustible base material layer 4 are cured in contact with each other under pressure. The surface layer 7 and the non-combustible base material layer 4 can be integrated in an unbounded state as long as they are compatible with the respective hardening component systems, so they can be used as non-combustible panels with excellent durability. In particular, it is preferable to use the same hardening component to be contained in the surface layer 7 and the non-combustible base material layer 4. Then, the flat plate 21 and the flat sheet 22 'are peeled from the cured laminate to obtain a non-combustible plate. The surface of the non-combustible board prepared as described above is smooth, and the bubble marks contained in the surface layer are more than 10 bubbles per cm2 in diameter and less than 10 bubbles per cm2 in diameter. 〇〇cm2 has less than 100, and also has good durability. The production method of the present invention is suitable for producing a non-combustible sheet having a thickness of 3 mm or more, for example. In the case of manufacturing a non-combustible sheet with a thickness of 3 mm or more, such as 9 mm or more, in the case of 200413613 non-combustible sheet, the surface of the non-combustible sheet will be subjected to large pressure during the manufacturing process. Therefore, bubbles with a diameter of 1 mm or more are hardly formed on the surface of the surface layer, and a non-combustible sheet with better smoothness can be obtained. In this case, the number of bubble marks of 1 mm in diameter or more is 5 or less per 100 cm2, and the number of bubble marks of 0.5 mm to 1 mm in diameter is 50 or less per 100 cm2. In the present invention, an ultraviolet coating film made of an ultraviolet curable resin may be formed on the surface layer 7. In the past, the unevenness on the surface of the surface layer was filled by coating the ultraviolet curable resin with a thickness of, for example, 100 micrometers, and then curing by 50 micrometers. In contrast, in the present invention, since the surface is less concave and convex, the initial coating amount is sufficient to coat the ultraviolet curable resin to a thickness of 70 micrometers. After curing, a 50 micrometer honing can be used to obtain an ultraviolet coating film. In this case, the cost of forming a coating film can be reduced by 30%. [Examples] The present invention and its effects will be specifically described with examples, but the present invention is not limited to these. Example 1 · The following materials were used and the method shown in Fig. 2 was used to produce a non-combustible board having a thickness of 3.3 ± 0.3 mm and a weight of 1,7 90 ± 479 g / m2. (1) Glass fiber layer 3, 5: Unit weight 70 soil 7 g / m2, glass cloth with mesh pitch (vertical X horizontal) 13x8 (branch / 25 mm) (2) Fibrous layer 2, 6: Polypropylene non-woven fabric (3) with a basis weight of 18 ± 2 g / m2 (3) Non-combustible base material layer 4: A mixture prepared by using a mixture of the following composition: 100 weight -19- 200413613, and 20% by weight of water. Formed. The thickness between the glass fiber layers 3 and 5 is about 3.1 mm. Silica sand 45% by weight Magnesium oxide 35% by weight Magnesium chloride 15% by weight Wood chips 4% by weight Rockwool 1% by weight (4) Surface layer 7: A mixture of 100% by weight is used in the following composition, and 30% by weight of water is added % Kneaded suspension formed. The thickness from the surface of the surface layer 7 to the glass fiber layer 5 is about 0.22 mm. 70% by weight of magnesium oxide, 30% by weight of magnesium chloride, the non-combustibility test was performed on the obtained non-combustible board according to the evaluation of the certification stipulated in Article 2 绦 9 of the Japanese Building Standards Act, and the calorific value was 4 MJ (mega Joules / m2, which is a level sufficient to meet the specifications 値 (below 8 MJ / m2). Visually confirming the size and number of bubbles on the surface. Bubble marks formed on the surface of the 7th surface layer formed by impregnating the non-woven fabric (first fibrous layer 2) per 100 cm2, diameter 1 The number of millimeters or more is 0, and the diameter of 0.5 millimeters to 1 millimeter is 83. On the other hand, if the suspension is not impregnated with a non-woven fabric (second fibrous layer 6), the bubble marks formed on the surface of the second fibrous layer 6 side every 100 cm2, and the diameter is 1 mm or more is 230 There are 495 individuals with a diameter of 0.5 mm to 1 mm. -20- 200413613 Figure 3 shows a cross section (a) and a schematic diagram (b) of the surface layer 7 side. On the inside of the surface layer 7, there are fibers of a non-woven layer 42 and fibers 43 of a glass cloth are dispersed '. No bubble marks having a diameter of 1 mm or more were observed near the surface. Fig. 4 shows a sectional view (a) of the second fibrous layer 6 and a schematic view (b) thereof. Near the surface, the fibers of the non-woven fabric layer 46 and the fibers of the glass cloth 45 are dispersed. Near the surface, 48 bubble marks having a diameter of 0.5 mm or more are formed, and other fine bubble marks are also formed. As mentioned above, the surface formed by the non-woven fabric (the second fibrous layer 6) is not impregnated with the suspension, which shows the same disadvantages as can be seen in the prior art. From this result, it is known that it is based on The effectiveness of impregnating the suspension with the fibrous layer to form a surface layer is demonstrated. Example 2 A non-combustible sheet was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polypropylene nonwoven fabric of Example 1 was changed to a glass fiber nonwoven fabric. The results of the non-combustibility test were good. For every 100 cm2 of bubble marks formed on the surface of the surface 7 side, there is 1 bubble with a diameter of 1 mm ® or more, and 60 bubbles with a diameter of 0.5 mm to 1 mm. Example 3 A non-combustible sheet was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the magnesium chloride of Example 1 was changed to magnesium sulfate. The results of the non-combustibility test were good. There are 0 bubbles with a diameter of 1 mm or more per 100 cm2 of the surface formed on the surface layer 7 side, and 68 marks with a diameter of 0.5 mm to 1 mm. Effects of the Invention-21-200413613 The non-combustible sheet of the present invention has a large reduction in the number and size of the bubble marks formed on the surface. The number of bubble marks per 100 cm2 formed on the surface of the surface layer is 10 or less. Those with a diameter of 0.5 mm to 1 mm have 1000 or less. Since the non-combustible board of the present invention has a smooth surface, it can be used directly without applying a coating or decorative layer on the surface. The non-combustible sheet of the present invention is formed by stacking a first fibrous layer, a first fibrous layer, and a non-combustible substrate layer containing a gas hardening or hydraulic hardening component in this order, and the first fibrous layer The texture is a denser fibrous layer than the first glassy fibrous layer, and a surface layer containing a gas hardening or hydraulic hardening component is integrally provided on the surface of the first fibrous layer, so it is not easy to form a bubble trace on its surface Etc. so it has a smooth surface. If the texture of the first fibrous layer and the second fibrous layer is a fibrous layer of the same density, and the texture of the first and second glass fibrous layers is a fibrous layer of the same density, then The non-combustible plate structure will become symmetrical, so it is not easy to produce curvature. If the hardening component of the non-combustible substrate layer is compatible with the hardening component of the surface layer, the entire non-combustible board will be integrated, so that the surface layer and the non-combustible substrate layer will not be separated at the interface, so it has superior strength or durability. Sex. If magnesium-oxygen cement is used as the hardening component, it can be made into a non-combustible board with low cost and excellent strength. In other aspects of the present invention, the non-combustible board is laminated with a first fibrous layer impregnated with a suspension containing a gas hardening or hydraulic hardening component on the flat board, so the air or water vapor in the suspension and the non-woven fabric, It will move above the contact surface with the flat plate, that is, the side opposite the surface layer surface. By impregnating the suspension -22- 200413613 liquid, most of the air bubbles in the non-woven fabric can be removed in advance. Therefore, the surface can greatly reduce the pores caused by the bubble marks and make the surface smooth. If the texture of the first fibrous layer and the second fibrous layer is a fibrous layer of the same density, and the texture of the first and second glass fibrous layers is a fibrous layer of the same density, then The non-combustible plate structure will become symmetrical, so it is not easy to produce curvature. After the step of laminating the first fibrous layer, a pressing step is applied at least once, thereby removing the excess suspension and making the surface smoother. Since the surface layer is integrated, the volume shrinkage caused by the hardening time can also be reduced, so that the surface of the non-combustible board can be prevented from being formed by the unevenness over time. In addition, since a flat sheet is stacked on the laminated body and pressurized through the sheet, it is possible to prevent the press device from being contaminated due to adhesion of hardened components. In addition, since the step of impregnating the suspension with the second fibrous layer is provided before the step of laminating the second fibrous layer, both sides of the non-combustible sheet can be made smooth. · [Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a cross section of a non-combustible plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a non-combustible plate according to the present invention. Fig. 3 is a sectional view (a) and a schematic view (b) of the surface layer side of the non-combustible plate manufactured through Test Example 1. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view (a) and a schematic view (b) of the second fibrous layer side of the non-combustible plate manufactured in Test Example 1. -23- 200413613 Explanation of component symbols 1 No 2 No. 3 No. 4 No. 5 No. 6 No. 7 Table 11 Hanging 12 Mixed 2 1 Flat 22 Flat 3 1 a to 3 1 f Pressure 42 Non-combustible board-Fibrous layer-Glass fiber Flammable base material layer two glass fiber layer two cellulosic layer floating liquid composition
板 坦的薄片 輥 織布層 43 > 45 玻璃布之纖維 46 不織布層 4 8 氣泡痕Plate sheet roll Weave layer 43 > 45 Glass cloth fiber 46 Non-woven layer 4 8 Bubble marks
-24--twenty four-