JP2013158946A - Non-combustible decorative sheet - Google Patents

Non-combustible decorative sheet Download PDF

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JP2013158946A
JP2013158946A JP2012020733A JP2012020733A JP2013158946A JP 2013158946 A JP2013158946 A JP 2013158946A JP 2012020733 A JP2012020733 A JP 2012020733A JP 2012020733 A JP2012020733 A JP 2012020733A JP 2013158946 A JP2013158946 A JP 2013158946A
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base material
layer
inorganic base
decorative board
smoothing
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Hironori Matsubara
広典 松原
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Ibiden Co Ltd
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Ibiden Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a non-combustible decorative sheet which suppresses generation of an explosive fracture caused by evaporation of moisture included in an inorganic base material while eliminating problems of irregularities and pinholes on the surface of the inorganic base material.SOLUTION: In a non-combustible decorative sheet which includes a surface decorative layer on one face side of an inorganic base material mainly composed of cement, a smoothing layer for smoothing irregularities on the surface and a covering layer covering the smoothing layer are laminated sequentially on the face on the surface decorative layer side of the inorganic base material, and the inorganic base material includes a water-absorbing substance. Preferably, the non-combustible decorative sheet includes 2-10 mass% of the water-absorbing substance relative to a total solid content of the inorganic base material. Preferably, a wooden material is used as the water-absorbing substance.

Description

本発明は、室内の壁や天井などに使用される不燃化粧板に関する。   The present invention relates to a non-combustible decorative board used for indoor walls and ceilings.

模様や凹凸加工などの化粧処理を施した化粧層を無機基材に積層してなる化粧板は、室内の壁や天井などの建材として広く用いられている。そのような化粧板において、キッチンのガスコンロ周辺などの火を使用する場所には、建築基準法の要請もあり、不燃性の高いもの(不燃化粧板)が使用される。そのような不燃化粧板に用いる無機基材としては、珪酸カルシウム板、マグネシアセメント板等、セメントを主成分とするセメント系無機基材が不燃性能に優れていることから有用であり、当該セメント系無機基材の成分やその配合比を変更して様々の問題点を解決した無機基材が種々提案されている(例えば、特許文献1〜5参照。)。
また、セメント系無機基材は、成型時に原料スラリーに空気が巻込み、表面に凹凸やピンホールを有することから、そのままでは無機基材の表面に他の層を積層した場合には、接着性に劣ったり、凹凸などの影響が他の層にも及び、当該他の層の平滑性が失われたりすることがある。
A decorative board formed by laminating a decorative layer subjected to a decorative process such as a pattern or uneven processing on an inorganic base material is widely used as a building material for indoor walls and ceilings. In such decorative panels, places where fire is used, such as around the gas stove of the kitchen, are also requested by the Building Standards Act, and those with high incombustibility (noncombustible decorative panels) are used. As an inorganic base material used for such a non-combustible decorative board, it is useful because a cement-based inorganic base material mainly composed of cement, such as a calcium silicate board and a magnesia cement board, has excellent non-combustible performance. Various inorganic substrates have been proposed in which various problems have been solved by changing the components of the inorganic substrate and the blending ratio thereof (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 5).
In addition, cement-based inorganic base material has air entrained in the raw slurry at the time of molding, and has irregularities and pinholes on the surface, so if other layers are laminated on the surface of the inorganic base material as is, May be inferior to the other layers, or the influence of unevenness may be exerted on other layers and the smoothness of the other layers may be lost.

特開平9−142914号公報JP-A-9-142914 特開平10−279344号公報JP-A-10-279344 特開2004−17478号公報JP 2004-17478 A 特開2006−182607号公報JP 2006-182607 A 特開2009−256112号公報JP 2009-256112 A

本発明は、以上の従来の問題点に鑑みなされたものであり、その課題は、無機基材表面の凹凸やピンホールの問題を解消した不燃化粧板を提供することにある。   This invention is made | formed in view of the above conventional trouble, The subject is providing the nonflammable decorative board which eliminated the unevenness | corrugation of an inorganic base material surface, and the problem of a pinhole.

上記課題を解決する本発明は以下の通りである。
(1)セメントを主成分とする無機基材の一方の面側に表面化粧層を有する不燃化粧板であって、
前記無機基材の表面化粧層側の面上に、表面の凹凸を平滑にする平滑化層と、該平滑化層を被覆する被覆層とが順次積層され、かつ前記無機基材が吸水性物質を含有することを特徴とする不燃化粧板。
The present invention for solving the above problems is as follows.
(1) A non-combustible decorative board having a surface decorative layer on one side of an inorganic base material mainly composed of cement,
On the surface of the inorganic base material on the surface decorative layer side, a smoothing layer for smoothing the surface irregularities and a coating layer for covering the smoothing layer are sequentially laminated, and the inorganic base material is a water-absorbing substance. A non-combustible decorative board comprising

(2)前記吸水性物質が、前記無機基材の全固形分に対して2〜10質量%含有することを特徴とする前記(1)に記載の不燃化粧板。 (2) The non-combustible decorative board according to (1), wherein the water-absorbing substance is contained in an amount of 2 to 10% by mass based on the total solid content of the inorganic base material.

(3)前記吸水性物質が、木質材からなることを特徴とする前記(1)又は(2)に記載の不燃化粧板。 (3) The non-combustible decorative board according to (1) or (2), wherein the water-absorbing substance is made of a wood material.

(4)前記平滑化層を構成する材料が、無機材からなるパテであることを特徴とする前記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の不燃化粧板。 (4) The incombustible decorative board according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the material constituting the smoothing layer is a putty made of an inorganic material.

(5)前記被覆層を構成する材料が、ウレタン樹脂であることを特徴とする前記(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の不燃化粧板。 (5) The incombustible decorative board according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the material constituting the coating layer is a urethane resin.

(6)前記無機基材が、少なくとも、酸化マグネシウムと、塩化マグネシウムとを含むスラリーを硬化させたマグネシアセメントであることを特徴とする前記(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の不燃化粧板。 (6) The non-combustible makeup according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the inorganic base material is magnesia cement obtained by curing a slurry containing at least magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride. Board.

(7)前記表面化粧層が熱硬化性樹脂を含んでなることを特徴とする前記(1)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の不燃化粧板。 (7) The non-combustible decorative board according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein the surface decorative layer comprises a thermosetting resin.

(8)さらに、前記無機基材の表面化粧層側の面とは反対の面側にバッカー層を有することを特徴とする前記(1)〜(7)のいずれかに記載の不燃化粧板。 (8) The incombustible decorative board according to any one of (1) to (7), further comprising a backer layer on a surface opposite to the surface of the inorganic base material on the surface decorative layer side.

本発明によれば、無機基材表面の凹凸やピンホールの問題を解消した不燃化粧板を提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the nonflammable decorative board which eliminated the unevenness | corrugation of an inorganic base material surface and the problem of a pinhole can be provided.

本発明の不燃化粧板は、セメントを主成分とする無機基材の一方の面側に表面化粧層を有する不燃化粧板であって、前記無機基材の表面化粧層側の面上に、表面の凹凸を平滑にする平滑化層と、該平滑化層を被覆する被覆層とが順次積層され、かつ前記無機基材が吸水性物質を含有することを特徴としている。
本発明においては、無機基材表面の凹凸などを解消し、表面を平滑にするため、無機基材の表面化粧層側の面に、無機材からなるパテによる平滑化層を形成し、さらにその上にプライマーによる被覆層を形成したものである。
一方、無機基材の表面に平滑化層及び被覆層を形成すると、そのままでは無機基材が密封された状態となると考えられる。また、上記のような無機基材は一般に水分を含むことから、無機基材が加熱されると内部の水分が水蒸気となり、無機基材が密封された状態ではその水蒸気が逃げ場を失い、上昇した水蒸気による圧力が無機基材の強度に勝ると爆裂が起こることが想定される。
そこで、無機基材中の含水分の蒸発による爆裂の発生を防止するため、水蒸気を吸収するための吸水性物質を含有したのである。
以下、本発明の不燃化粧板の構成要素それぞれについて説明する。
The non-combustible decorative board of the present invention is a non-combustible decorative board having a surface decorative layer on one surface side of an inorganic base material mainly composed of cement, the surface of the inorganic base material on the surface decorative layer side surface. A smoothing layer for smoothing the unevenness and a coating layer for covering the smoothing layer are sequentially laminated, and the inorganic base material contains a water-absorbing substance.
In the present invention, in order to eliminate irregularities on the surface of the inorganic base material and smooth the surface, a smoothing layer made of an inorganic material is formed on the surface of the inorganic base material on the surface decorative layer side. A coating layer with a primer is formed thereon.
On the other hand, when the smoothing layer and the coating layer are formed on the surface of the inorganic base material, it is considered that the inorganic base material is sealed as it is. Moreover, since the inorganic base material as described above generally contains moisture, when the inorganic base material is heated, the internal moisture becomes water vapor, and in a state where the inorganic base material is sealed, the water vapor loses escape and rises. It is assumed that explosion occurs when the pressure of water vapor exceeds the strength of the inorganic substrate.
Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of explosion due to evaporation of moisture in the inorganic base material, a water absorbing material for absorbing water vapor is included.
Hereinafter, each component of the incombustible decorative board of the present invention will be described.

[無機基材]
無機基材は、セメントを主成分とする材料からなり、当該材料としては、例えば、マグネシアセメント、パルプ混入セメント板、木毛セメント板などが挙げられる。
無機基材としてマグネシアセメントを用いたものは、少なくとも、酸化マグネシウムと、塩化マグネシウムと、吸水性物質とを含むスラリーを硬化させて形成することができる。より具体的には、酸化マグネシウム(MgO)と塩化マグネシウム(MgCl)とを混合し、さらに吸水性物質や起泡剤や水を加えて混練し、板状に成形したものである。起泡剤としては、市販されている界面活性剤系のものを用いることができる。また、強度を高めるため、中間層として網目状等に形成されたガラス繊維層などの無機補強強部材層を少なくとも1層設けることが好ましい。無機補強部材層としてガラス繊維層を設ける場合、その坪量は、強度の向上及び作製を容易にする観点から、30〜70g/mが好ましい。
以上の無機基材たるマグネシアセメント板は気硬性セメント板であり、下記に示すような酸化マグネシウムと塩化マグネシウムの硬化反応(水和反応)が進行する。
MgO+HO → Mg(OH)
5Mg(OH) + MgCl+8HO → 5Mg(OH)・MgCl・8H
[Inorganic substrate]
The inorganic base material is made of a material containing cement as a main component, and examples of the material include magnesia cement, pulp-mixed cement board, and wood wool cement board.
Those using magnesia cement as the inorganic base material can be formed by curing a slurry containing at least magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride, and a water-absorbing substance. More specifically, magnesium oxide (MgO) and magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) are mixed, further added with a water-absorbing substance, a foaming agent, and water, kneaded, and formed into a plate shape. As the foaming agent, commercially available surfactants can be used. Further, in order to increase the strength, it is preferable to provide at least one inorganic reinforcing strong member layer such as a glass fiber layer formed in a mesh shape or the like as an intermediate layer. When a glass fiber layer is provided as the inorganic reinforcing member layer, the basis weight thereof is preferably 30 to 70 g / m 2 from the viewpoint of facilitating improvement in strength and production.
The magnesia cement board which is the above inorganic base material is an air-hardening cement board, and the hardening reaction (hydration reaction) of magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride as shown below proceeds.
MgO + H 2 O → Mg (OH) 2
5Mg (OH) 2 + MgCl 2 + 8H 2 O → 5Mg (OH) 2 · MgCl 2 · 8H 2 O

(平滑化層)
既述の通り、上記のような無機基材は、成型時に原料スラリーに空気が巻込み、表面に凹凸やピンホールを有することがある。従って、そのままでは無機基材の表面に他の層を積層した場合には、密着性に劣ったり、凹凸などの影響が他の層にも及び、当該他の層の平滑性が失われたりすることがある。そこで、そのような無機基材表面の凹凸などを解消し、表面を平滑にするため、本発明においては、無機基材の表面化粧層側の面に無機材からなるパテを用いてなる平滑化層が形成される。
平滑化層に用いる、無機材からなるパテとしては、炭酸カルシウムパテ、石膏パテ、等が挙げられ、中でも、炭酸カルシウムパテが好ましい。
また、平滑化層の厚みは、凹凸やピンホールの影響を解消するという観点から、0.1〜0.5mmとすることが好ましく、0.2〜0.3mmとすることがより好ましい。
以上の平滑化層は、ロールコーター、カーテンフローコーター、ダイコーター等で形成することができる。
(Smoothing layer)
As described above, the inorganic base material as described above may have air in the raw material slurry at the time of molding and have irregularities and pinholes on the surface. Therefore, when another layer is laminated on the surface of the inorganic base material as it is, the adhesiveness is inferior, the influence of unevenness is exerted on the other layer, and the smoothness of the other layer is lost. Sometimes. Therefore, in order to eliminate such irregularities on the surface of the inorganic base material and make the surface smooth, in the present invention, the surface of the inorganic base material on the surface facing layer side is smoothed using a putty made of an inorganic material. A layer is formed.
Examples of the putty made of an inorganic material used for the smoothing layer include calcium carbonate putty and gypsum putty. Of these, calcium carbonate putty is preferable.
Further, the thickness of the smoothing layer is preferably 0.1 to 0.5 mm, more preferably 0.2 to 0.3 mm, from the viewpoint of eliminating the influence of unevenness and pinholes.
The above smoothing layer can be formed by a roll coater, a curtain flow coater, a die coater or the like.

(被覆層)
本発明において、平滑化層上にさらにプライマーによる被覆層が形成される。上述のように、無機基材の表面に平滑化層を形成することで、目視できる程度の凹部やピンホールを埋めることができるが、化粧層との密着が十分ではない。そこで、無機基材と化粧層との密着を良くするために被覆層を形成する。
平滑化層に用いるプライマーとしては、ウレタン樹脂、アクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂が挙げられ、中でも、ウレタン樹脂が好ましい。
また、被覆層の厚みは、無機基材と化粧層との密着性を確保するという観点から、0.05〜0.20mmとすることが好ましく、0.05〜0.10mmとすることがより好ましい。
以上の被覆層は、ロールコーター、カーテンフローコーター、ダイコーター等で形成することができる。
(Coating layer)
In this invention, the coating layer by a primer is further formed on a smoothing layer. As described above, by forming the smoothing layer on the surface of the inorganic base material, it is possible to fill the visible concave portions and pinholes, but the adhesion with the decorative layer is not sufficient. Therefore, a coating layer is formed in order to improve the adhesion between the inorganic base material and the decorative layer.
Examples of the primer used for the smoothing layer include a urethane resin, an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, and a polyester resin. Among these, a urethane resin is preferable.
In addition, the thickness of the coating layer is preferably 0.05 to 0.20 mm, more preferably 0.05 to 0.10 mm, from the viewpoint of ensuring adhesion between the inorganic base material and the decorative layer. preferable.
The above coating layer can be formed with a roll coater, a curtain flow coater, a die coater or the like.

(吸水性物質)
以上の平滑化層及び被覆層により、無機基材表面の凹凸などの問題が解消される。しかし、上述の通り、無機基材の表面に形成する平滑化層及び被覆層により、そのままでは無機基材が密封された状態となり、爆裂発生の原因となる。
そこで、本発明においては、爆裂の発生を防止するため、無機基材に吸水性物質が含有される。無機基材に吸水性物質が存在することで、加熱により無機基材内部で水蒸気が発生しても水蒸気は吸水性物質に吸収されるため爆裂の発生を防止することができる。
なお、吸水性物質が爆裂を防止するメカニズムとして、上記の他、不燃化粧板の燃焼時に他の材料に先行して吸水性物質が燃焼することで無機基材内部に空隙が生じ、その空隙が水蒸気の逃げ場となって爆裂を防止することも考えられる。
(Water-absorbing substance)
By the above smoothing layer and coating layer, problems such as irregularities on the surface of the inorganic substrate are solved. However, as described above, the smoothing layer and the coating layer formed on the surface of the inorganic base material leave the inorganic base material in a sealed state as it is, which causes explosions.
Therefore, in the present invention, a water-absorbing substance is contained in the inorganic base material in order to prevent the occurrence of explosion. Since the water-absorbing substance is present in the inorganic base material, even if water vapor is generated inside the inorganic base material due to heating, the water-absorbing substance absorbs the water vapor, so that explosion can be prevented.
In addition to the above, as a mechanism for preventing the water-absorbing substance from exploding, voids are generated inside the inorganic base material by burning the water-absorbing substance prior to other materials when the incombustible decorative board is burned. It may be possible to prevent explosion by serving as a refuge for water vapor.

吸水性物質のサイズとしては、無機基材の切断面の見栄えを良好にすること、及び十分な爆裂防止効果を得る観点から、目開き850〜1700μmのふるい(好ましくは、目開き1000〜1400μmのふるい)を通過するサイズであることが好ましい
また、吸水性物質は、十分な爆裂防止効果を得る観点から、無機基材の全固形分に対して2〜10質量%含有することが好ましく、5〜8質量%含有することがより好ましい。
以上のような吸水性物質としては、木片、木質繊維束、木質パルプ、木毛、木粉等の木質材が挙げられ、中でも、木片、木粉を用いることが好ましい。
The size of the water-absorbing substance is a sieve having an opening of 850 to 1700 μm (preferably having an opening of 1000 to 1400 μm from the viewpoint of improving the appearance of the cut surface of the inorganic base material and obtaining a sufficient explosion prevention effect. The water-absorbing substance is preferably contained in an amount of 2 to 10% by mass with respect to the total solid content of the inorganic base material from the viewpoint of obtaining a sufficient explosion prevention effect. It is more preferable to contain -8 mass%.
Examples of the water-absorbing substance as described above include wood materials such as wood pieces, wood fiber bundles, wood pulp, wood hair, wood powder, among which wood pieces and wood powder are preferably used.

以上の無機基材(平滑化層及び被覆層を含まず)の厚みとしては、2.0〜4.0mmとすることが好ましく、2.6〜3.0mmとすることがより好ましい。   As thickness of the above inorganic base material (a smoothing layer and a coating layer are not included), it is preferable to set it as 2.0-4.0 mm, and it is more preferable to set it as 2.6-3.0 mm.

[表面化粧層]
本発明の不燃化粧板においては、無機基材の一方の面側には表面化粧層を有する。表面化粧層は、不燃化粧板の表面側に位置するものであり、その表面に化粧処理が施される。
表面化粧層の材料としては、例えば、熱硬化性樹脂を含んでなるものが挙げられ、熱硬化性樹脂としては、メラミン樹脂、ジアリルフタレート樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂が好ましい。表面化粧層は、具体的には、パターン紙にメラミン樹脂等を含浸させたものを用いることが好ましい。以下に、パターン紙にメラミン樹脂を含浸させたもの(メラミン樹脂含浸紙と称する。)について説明する。
[Surface decorative layer]
In the incombustible decorative board of this invention, it has a surface decorative layer in the one surface side of an inorganic base material. A surface decorative layer is located in the surface side of a nonflammable decorative board, and the cosmetic treatment is given to the surface.
Examples of the material for the surface decorative layer include those comprising a thermosetting resin, and preferred examples of the thermosetting resin include melamine resins, diallyl phthalate resins, and polyester resins. Specifically, it is preferable to use a surface decorative layer in which pattern paper is impregnated with melamine resin or the like. Hereinafter, a pattern paper impregnated with melamine resin (referred to as melamine resin-impregnated paper) will be described.

メラミン樹脂含浸紙は、パターン紙にメラミン樹脂を所定の含浸率で含浸させた後、加熱、乾燥させることにより作製される。パターン紙としては、例えばチタン紙が用いられる。パターン紙の坪量は、パターン紙の厚みや重さを考慮して80〜150g/mであることが好ましい。メラミン樹脂の含浸率は、含浸されるメラミン樹脂の機能を十分に発現するために80〜120質量%であることが好適である。加熱、乾燥の温度は、パターン紙にメラミン樹脂を強固に固着させるために100〜140℃に設定することが好ましい。 The melamine resin-impregnated paper is produced by impregnating a melamine resin with a predetermined impregnation rate in a pattern paper, and then heating and drying. For example, titanium paper is used as the pattern paper. The basis weight of the pattern paper is preferably 80 to 150 g / m 2 in consideration of the thickness and weight of the pattern paper. The impregnation rate of the melamine resin is preferably 80 to 120% by mass in order to sufficiently express the function of the impregnated melamine resin. The heating and drying temperatures are preferably set to 100 to 140 ° C. in order to firmly fix the melamine resin to the pattern paper.

[バッカー層]
また、本発明の不燃化粧板においては、無機基材の表面化粧層側の面とは反対の面側にバッカー層を設けることが好ましい。
バッカー層は、不燃化粧板の裏面側に位置するものであり、材料としては表面化粧層と同じものを用いることができるが、裏面側に位置するものであることから、表面化粧層のように化粧処理を施す必要はない。
なお、上記のようにバッカー層を設ける場合において、バッカー層が設けられる無機基材表面の凹凸やピンホールを解消するために、表面化粧層側の面と同様に、平滑化層及び被覆層を形成することが好ましい。
[Backer layer]
Moreover, in the incombustible decorative board of this invention, it is preferable to provide a backer layer in the surface side opposite to the surface by the side of the surface decoration layer of an inorganic base material.
The backer layer is located on the back side of the non-combustible decorative board, and the same material as the surface decorative layer can be used as the material, but since it is located on the back side, like the surface decorative layer There is no need to apply cosmetic treatment.
In the case of providing a backer layer as described above, in order to eliminate irregularities and pinholes on the surface of the inorganic base material on which the backer layer is provided, a smoothing layer and a covering layer are provided in the same manner as the surface of the surface decorative layer side. Preferably formed.

以上の本発明の不燃化粧板の厚みは2.8〜3.2mmとすることが好ましい。   The thickness of the non-combustible decorative board of the present invention is preferably 2.8 to 3.2 mm.

次に、本発明の不燃化粧板の製造方法について説明する。
不燃化粧板は、平滑化層及び被覆層を形成した無機基材の表裏両面に少なくとも表面化粧層及びバッカー層を積層する積層工程と、前記表面化粧層及びバッカー層が表裏両面に積層された無機基材を熱圧成形する熱圧成形工程とを経て製造される。
積層工程では、例えば下から順に、メラミン樹脂含浸紙(バッカー層)、無機基材、及びメラミン樹脂含浸紙(表面化粧層)を積層する。
Next, the manufacturing method of the incombustible decorative board of this invention is demonstrated.
The non-combustible decorative board includes a lamination step of laminating at least a surface decorative layer and a backer layer on both front and back surfaces of an inorganic base material on which a smoothing layer and a coating layer are formed, and an inorganic material in which the surface decorative layer and the backer layer are laminated on both front and back surfaces. It is manufactured through a hot-pressure forming step of hot-pressing the substrate.
In the lamination step, for example, melamine resin-impregnated paper (backer layer), inorganic base material, and melamine resin-impregnated paper (surface decorative layer) are laminated in order from the bottom.

熱圧成形工程では、上記積層物を熱圧プレス装置で加熱、加圧成形する。
加熱条件は不燃化粧板の温度が125〜150℃、加圧条件は1.96〜9.80MPa(20〜100kg/cm)であることが好ましい。温度が125℃未満又は圧力が1.96MPa未満の場合には、無機基材に対する表面化粧層・バッカー層の密着性が不足し、剥離が発生し易くなる。一方、温度が150℃を超える場合又は圧力が9.80MPaを超える場合には、無機基材に大きな力が作用するため、亀裂が発生するおそれがある。
In the hot press molding step, the laminate is heated and pressure-molded by a hot press machine.
It is preferable that the temperature of the noncombustible decorative board is 125 to 150 ° C. and the pressing condition is 1.96 to 9.80 MPa (20 to 100 kg / cm 2 ). When the temperature is less than 125 ° C. or the pressure is less than 1.96 MPa, the adhesion of the surface decorative layer / backer layer to the inorganic base material is insufficient, and peeling easily occurs. On the other hand, when the temperature exceeds 150 ° C. or when the pressure exceeds 9.80 MPa, a large force acts on the inorganic base material, which may cause cracks.

以下に、実施例により本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[実施例1〜4、比較例1]
(無機基材の作製)
常法に従い、酸化マグネシウム(MgO)と塩化マグネシウム(MgCl)・6水和物、パーライト、吸水性物質として木片、及び起泡剤とを混合し、適量の水とを加えて混練したスラリーを板状に成形し、無機基材を得た。なお、各実施例・比較例において、酸化マグネシウム、塩化マグネシウム・6水和物、パーライト、及び木片は表1に示す含有率となるように配合した。なお、塩化マグネシウム・6水和物については、水和物がない塩化マグネシウムを用いてもよく、その場合、塩化マグネシウム・6水和物を用いた場合と同じ塩化マグネシウムの配合率となるように換算して配合すればよい。
[Examples 1 to 4, Comparative Example 1]
(Preparation of inorganic substrate)
According to a conventional method, a slurry obtained by mixing magnesium oxide (MgO) and magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 ) · hexahydrate, perlite, wood chips as a water-absorbing substance, and a foaming agent, adding an appropriate amount of water, and kneading the slurry. It shape | molded in plate shape and obtained the inorganic base material. In each example and comparative example, magnesium oxide, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, pearlite, and wood pieces were blended so as to have the contents shown in Table 1. As for magnesium chloride hexahydrate, magnesium chloride without hydrate may be used, and in that case, the same magnesium chloride compounding ratio as when using magnesium chloride hexahydrate is used. What is necessary is just to convert and mix | blend.

(平滑化層・被覆層の形成)
上記のように得られた無機基材の表面化粧層側の面に、炭酸カルシウムパテ(固形分60%)をロールコーターにて50g/m塗布して平滑化層を形成し乾燥させ、さらにその上にウレタン樹脂プライマー(固形分50%)をロールコーターにて50g/m塗布して被覆層を形成し乾燥させ、最後に表面サンダーをかけ平滑に仕上げた。
平滑化層・被覆層を形成後の無機基材の表面は、目視観察したところ、凹凸やピンホールなどが認められず、平滑な面となった。
(Formation of smoothing layer and coating layer)
The surface of the inorganic base material obtained as described above is coated with 50 g / m 2 of calcium carbonate putty (solid content: 60%) using a roll coater to form a smoothing layer, and then dried. A urethane resin primer (solid content: 50%) was applied onto it by a roll coater at 50 g / m 2 to form a coating layer and dried. Finally, a surface sander was applied to finish the coating smoothly.
When the surface of the inorganic base material after forming the smoothing layer / coating layer was visually observed, no irregularities or pinholes were observed, and the surface was smooth.

(メラミン樹脂含浸紙(表面化粧層、バッカー層)の作製)
パターン紙として坪量80g/mのチタン紙を用い、メラミン樹脂を含浸率が110質量%となるように含浸し、130℃で乾燥させてメラミン樹脂含浸紙を作製した。
(Production of melamine resin impregnated paper (surface decorative layer, backer layer))
Titanium paper having a basis weight of 80 g / m 2 was used as a pattern paper, impregnated with melamine resin so that the impregnation ratio was 110% by mass, and dried at 130 ° C. to prepare melamine resin-impregnated paper.

(不燃化粧板の製造)
各実施例・比較例において、下から順に、メラミン樹脂含浸紙(バッカー層)、無機基材、及びメラミン樹脂含浸紙(表面化粧層)を積層し、熱圧プレス装置で加熱、加圧成形を行い、厚さ3.0mmの不燃化粧板を製造した。加熱条件は、不燃化粧板の温度が135℃となるように設定した。加圧条件は、6.86MPa(70kg/cm)とした。なお、表面にはステンレス鋼板をセットしてプレス成形を実施した。
(Manufacture of non-combustible decorative board)
In each of the examples and comparative examples, melamine resin impregnated paper (backer layer), inorganic base material, and melamine resin impregnated paper (surface decorative layer) are laminated in order from the bottom, and heated and pressed by a hot press machine. This produced a non-combustible decorative board having a thickness of 3.0 mm. The heating conditions were set so that the temperature of the non-combustible decorative board was 135 ° C. The pressing condition was 6.86 MPa (70 kg / cm 2 ). A stainless steel plate was set on the surface and press molding was performed.

[比較例2]
平滑化層及び被覆層を形成しなかったこと以外は比較例1と同様にして不燃化粧板を作製した。
[Comparative Example 2]
A non-combustible decorative board was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the smoothing layer and the coating layer were not formed.

得られた不燃化粧板に対して、以下の不燃試験を実施した。試験結果を表1に示す。
[不燃試験]
(1)爆裂の有無
以下のようにして、加熱時における爆裂の有無を確認した。
ISO5660に準拠したコーンカロリーメーターを使用し、20分の発熱性試験において爆裂した場合を×、爆裂しなかった場合を○とした。なお、5点測定して、1点でも爆裂したものは×とした。
(2)不燃性
不燃性は、総発熱量7.2MJ/m以下、かつ最高発熱速度が10秒以上継続して200kw/mを超えない場合を○、総発熱量7.2〜8.0MJ/m、かつ最高発熱速度が10秒以上継続して200kw/mを超えない場合を△、総発熱量8MJ/mを超えるか、あるいは最高発熱速度が10秒以上継続して200kw/mを超えた場合を×とした。
The following incombustibility test was implemented with respect to the obtained incombustible decorative board. The test results are shown in Table 1.
[Nonflammability test]
(1) Presence or absence of explosion The presence or absence of explosion during heating was confirmed as follows.
The cone calorimeter based on ISO5660 was used, and the case where it exploded in the 20-minute exothermic test was set to x, and the case where it did not explode was set to (circle). In addition, it measured with 5 points | pieces and the thing which exploded even at 1 point | piece was set as x.
(2) non-flammable non-flammable, the total calorific value 7.2MJ / m 2 or less, and a case where the maximum heat generation rate does not exceed 200 kW / m 2 to continue for 10 seconds or more ○, gross calorific value from 7.2 to 8 0 MJ / m 2 and the maximum heat generation rate continues for 10 seconds or more and does not exceed 200 kw / m 2 , the total heat generation amount exceeds 8 MJ / m 2 , or the maximum heat generation rate continues for 10 seconds or more. The case where it exceeded 200 kw / m 2 was set as x.

Figure 2013158946
Figure 2013158946

表1より、表面に平滑化層及び被覆層を形成した無機基材を使用した場合であっても、無機基材に木片を含有させた実施例1〜4においては、いずれも爆裂は生じなかったのに対し、木片を含有させなかった比較例1は爆裂が生じた。このことより、平滑化層及び被覆層を形成することで密封状態となった無機基材に木片を含有されることで、爆裂を防止させることが可能であることが示された。なお、比較例2では、無機基材の表面にピンホールおよび凹凸が視認されたため、不燃試験を実施していない。   From Table 1, even if it is a case where the inorganic base material which formed the smoothing layer and the coating layer on the surface is used, in Examples 1-4 which made the inorganic base material contain a piece of wood, neither explosion occurred. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1 in which no piece of wood was contained, explosion occurred. From this, it was shown that explosion can be prevented by containing a piece of wood in an inorganic base material that has been sealed by forming a smoothing layer and a coating layer. In Comparative Example 2, since a pinhole and unevenness were visually recognized on the surface of the inorganic base material, the nonflammability test was not performed.

Claims (8)

セメントを主成分とする無機基材の一方の面側に表面化粧層を有する不燃化粧板であって、
前記無機基材の表面化粧層側の面上に、表面の凹凸を平滑にする平滑化層と、該平滑化層を被覆する被覆層とが順次積層され、かつ前記無機基材が吸水性物質を含有することを特徴とする不燃化粧板。
A non-combustible decorative board having a surface decorative layer on one side of an inorganic base material mainly composed of cement,
On the surface of the inorganic base material on the surface decorative layer side, a smoothing layer for smoothing the surface irregularities and a coating layer for covering the smoothing layer are sequentially laminated, and the inorganic base material is a water-absorbing substance. A non-combustible decorative board comprising
前記吸水性物質が、前記無機基材の全固形分に対して2〜10質量%含有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の不燃化粧板。   The incombustible decorative board according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbing substance is contained in an amount of 2 to 10% by mass based on the total solid content of the inorganic base material. 前記吸水性物質が、木質材からなることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の不燃化粧板。   The incombustible decorative board according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water-absorbing substance is made of a wood material. 前記平滑化層を構成する材料が、無機材からなるパテであることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の不燃化粧板。   The material which comprises the said smoothing layer is the putty which consists of inorganic materials, The nonflammable decorative board of any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記被覆層を構成する材料が、ウレタン樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の不燃化粧板。   The material which comprises the said coating layer is a urethane resin, The nonflammable decorative board of any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned. 前記無機基材が、少なくとも、酸化マグネシウムと、塩化マグネシウムとを含むスラリーを硬化させたマグネシアセメントであることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の不燃化粧板。   The incombustible decorative board according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inorganic base material is magnesia cement obtained by curing a slurry containing at least magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride. 前記表面化粧層が熱硬化性樹脂を含んでなることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の不燃化粧板。   The non-combustible decorative board according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the surface decorative layer comprises a thermosetting resin. さらに、前記無機基材の表面化粧層側の面とは反対の面側にバッカー層を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の不燃化粧板。   Furthermore, it has a backer layer in the surface side on the opposite side to the surface by the side of the surface decoration layer of the said inorganic base material, The nonflammable decorative board of any one of Claims 1-7 characterized by the above-mentioned.
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