TW200403402A - Dustproof cover support structure of shock absorber - Google Patents

Dustproof cover support structure of shock absorber Download PDF

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Publication number
TW200403402A
TW200403402A TW092113251A TW92113251A TW200403402A TW 200403402 A TW200403402 A TW 200403402A TW 092113251 A TW092113251 A TW 092113251A TW 92113251 A TW92113251 A TW 92113251A TW 200403402 A TW200403402 A TW 200403402A
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
shock absorber
seat
spring seat
dust
spring
Prior art date
Application number
TW092113251A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
TWI261096B (en
Inventor
Tomohiro Miyazaki
Yuzo Niina
Original Assignee
Showa Corp
Mitsubishi Motors Corp
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Publication of TW200403402A publication Critical patent/TW200403402A/en
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Publication of TWI261096B publication Critical patent/TWI261096B/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G13/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of vibration dampers
    • B60G13/001—Arrangements for attachment of dampers
    • B60G13/003—Arrangements for attachment of dampers characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the damper unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/32—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds
    • B60G11/48—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds not including leaf springs
    • B60G11/52—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having springs of different kinds not including leaf springs having helical, spiral or coil springs, and also rubber springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G13/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of vibration dampers
    • B60G13/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of vibration dampers having dampers dissipating energy, e.g. frictionally
    • B60G13/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of vibration dampers having dampers dissipating energy, e.g. frictionally of fluid type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • B60G15/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
    • B60G15/062—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper the spring being arranged around the damper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
    • B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
    • B60G15/06—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper
    • B60G15/067—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit
    • B60G15/068—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring and fluid damper characterised by the mounting on the vehicle body or chassis of the spring and damper unit specially adapted for MacPherson strut-type suspension
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/04—Wound springs
    • F16F1/12—Attachments or mountings
    • F16F1/126—Attachments or mountings comprising an element between the end coil of the spring and the support proper, e.g. an elastomeric annulus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/32—Details
    • F16F9/38—Covers for protection or appearance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10—Type of spring
    • B60G2202/12—Wound spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/30—Spring/Damper and/or actuator Units
    • B60G2202/31—Spring/Damper and/or actuator Units with the spring arranged around the damper, e.g. MacPherson strut
    • B60G2202/312—The spring being a wound spring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/124—Mounting of coil springs
    • B60G2204/1242—Mounting of coil springs on a damper, e.g. MacPerson strut
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/124—Mounting of coil springs
    • B60G2204/1242—Mounting of coil springs on a damper, e.g. MacPerson strut
    • B60G2204/12422—Mounting of coil springs on a damper, e.g. MacPerson strut anchoring the end coils on the spring support plate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/418—Bearings, e.g. ball or roller bearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/45—Stops limiting travel
    • B60G2204/4502—Stops limiting travel using resilient buffer
    • B60G2204/45021—Stops limiting travel using resilient buffer for limiting upper mount movement of a McPherson strut

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A dustproof cover support structure of a shock absorber in accordance with the present invention is a dustproof cover structure of a hydraulic shock absorber 10 that comprises a cover-receiver 50 that supports an end surface of a dust cover 30 is disposed on an upper surface of a spring seat 21. The cover-receiver 50 is fitted and fixed to an engaging portion 21C provided on the spring seat 21 without holding a damper tube 11.

Description

200403402 (1) 玖、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關避震器的防麈套支承構造。 【先前技術】 在油壓避震器中’具有避震器管被防塵套所包覆，且 設置於防塵套外側的懸掛彈簧可由安裝於避震器管的彈簧 座所支承，並將承接防塵套端面之防塵套承座配置於彈簧 座上面之結構者，如日本實開昭60-173 73 5號公報、日本 實開昭6 1 - 1 3 9 8 0 4號公報及日本3 2 0 5 4 8 0號專利。 日本實開昭6 0- 1 7 3 735號公報所揭示的內容，是彈簧 座與獨立的防塵套承座緊貼於避震器管地插入固定而成。 其防塵套承座，是利用緊貼於避震器管後的迫緊力形成固 定，當其插入固定於避震器管後將產生滑動，以致需要極 大的安裝力道，且對避震器管的滑動距離也變長，就安裝 性而言並不理想。此外，由於防塵套承座並未固定於彈簧 座，將因爲作用於防塵套端面的衝擊力使防塵套承座產生 變形及偏移，並使防塵套承座磨擦彈簧座導致其表面的油 漆脫落，而使彈簧座的表面有生鏽之虞。 日本實開昭6 1 - 1 3 9 804號公報所揭示的內容，則是令 與承座橡膠設成一體的放射狀防塵套承座緊貼於避震器管 ，並使該防塵套承座位於彈簧座的上面。該防塵套承座同 樣是利用緊貼於避震器管後的迫緊力形成固定，當其插入 固定於避震器管後將產生滑動，以致需要極大的安裝力道 (2) (2)200403402 ，且對避震器管的滑動距離也變長，就安裝性而言也不理 想。此外，由於防塵套承座並未固定於彈簧座，將因爲作 用於防塵套端面的衝擊力使防塵套承座產生變形及偏移， 並使防塵套承座磨擦彈簧座導致其表面的油漆脫落，而使 彈簧座的表面有生鏽之虞。 日本3 20 5 48 0號專利所揭示的內容，是將一體設置於 承座橡膠的放射狀防塵套承座，設置成由彈簧座上面浮出 的結構。由於該防塵套承座是由彈簧座處浮起，故與彈簧 座之間容易夾入砂子之類的異物，以致因爲作用於防塵套 端面的衝擊力使防塵套承座產生變形及偏移。因此，沙子 和防塵套承座將與彈簧座產生磨擦導致其表面的油漆脫落 ，而使彈簧座的表面有生鏽之虞。 【發明內容】 本發明的課題，是提升防塵套端面安^裝於防塵套承座時的 安裝性，並避免防塵套承座和沙子與彈簧座的表面發生摩 擦，以保護彈簧座的表面。 本發明，是其中一端固定於活塞桿側的防塵套包覆避震器 管，且設置於防塵套外側的懸掛彈簧可由安裝於避震器管 的彈簧座所支承，並將承接防塵套另一端面之防塵套承座 配置於彈簧座上面的防塵套結構，其中該防塵套承座，並 非緊貼於避震器管，而是卡合於設置在彈簧座之卡合部後 形成固定。 (3) (3)200403402 【實施方式】 如第1圖所示地，油壓避震器i 〇，是將活塞桿1 2插 入內藏於避震器管11的活塞缸，並使避震器管n與具備 車輪側安裝架1 3的車輪結合，再將備有車身側安裝架i 4 的車體安裝於由避震器管1 1突出的活塞桿1 2。而車身側 安裝架！ 4，是由機架橡膠套件所形成，並藉由螺帽1 5鎖 緊於活塞桿1 2的上端部。 油壓避震器1 〇 ’在利用焊接等方法固定於避震器管 1 1外周的下側彈簧座2 1、與上側彈簧座2 2之間安裝有懸 掛彈簧24，該上側彈簧座22是壓入固定於上推軸承23， 而該上推軸承23則同樣利用壓入的方式固定於設置在活 塞桿1 2周圍之車身側安裝架i 4，並在其被面形成支承。 而前述懸掛彈簧2 4是隔著承座橡膠2 5支承上側彈簧座 22 〇 油壓避震器1 〇，具有以緊貼於車身側安裝架i 4下方 之活塞桿1 2的方式，插入固定的緩衝橡膠26。緩衝橡膠 2 6被鐵杯2 7所包覆並限制其徑向的變形。鐵杯2 7的背 面頂接著車身安裝架1 4。當最大壓縮的狀態下，是由緩 衝橡膠2 6衝撞位於避震器管n上端部的緩衝栓頭2 8， 來限制油壓避震器1 0的最大壓縮行程。 換言之，油壓避震器1 〇，是利用懸掛彈簧24的彈射 力來吸收路面作用於車輛的衝擊力，進而形成伸縮。而且 當活塞桿1 2隨著前述伸縮產生上下移動時，油壓避震器 1 0可藉由設置於活塞的活塞閥裝置、與設置於活塞缸的 (4) (4)200403402 底閥裝置等所產生的衰減力來控制前述伸縮振動的速度。 除此之外，油壓避震器1 〇，是被避震器管11、及由 該避震器管1 1突出的活塞桿1 2所圍繞地，由橡膠或樹脂 ' 等彈性體構成的防塵套3 0所包覆。防塵套3 〇，其杯狀安 裝部3 1被前述緩衝橡膠26所包覆，並由鐵杯27保持其 上端形成固定。防塵套3 0，其連接於杯狀安裝部3 1的伸 縮部3 2，由緩衝橡膠26的周圍延伸至避震器管1 1的周 圍，並在伸縮部3 2的下端側備有圓筒狀下垂部3 3。 · 隨著活塞桿1 2的伸縮，防塵套3 0將形成上下方向的 移動，當活塞桿1 2伸長時，圓筒狀下垂部3 3的下端部， 將由下側彈簧座2 1側朝緩衝栓頭2 8的上側附近移動，並 使伸縮部3 2延伸，當活塞桿1 2縮回時，圓筒狀下垂部 3 3的下端部，將衝撞於下側彈簧座2 1側之後述防塵套承 座5 0地向下方移動，使伸縮部3 2形成壓縮。 而，油壓避震器1 0如第1、2圖所不地，在懸掛彈簧 2 4與下側彈簧座2 1之間安裝有橡膠承座4 〇，並將一體形 · 成於橡膠承座4 0的防塵套承座5 0配置在下側彈簧座2 1 上面，再由防塵套承座5 0來承接防塵套3 〇的端面。而橡 膠承座4 0及防塵套承座5 0並非全面包覆下側彈簧座2 1 ，其中橡膠承座4 0包覆於下側彈簧座2 1的外周部，而防 塵套承座5 0則包覆於下側？早黃座2 1罪近避Μ益管1 1的 中央部。 此時，下側彈簧座2 1如第3、4圖所示地，沿著懸掛 彈簧24端面的一個捲繞簧圏，對懸掛彈簧24的末端端面 (5) (5)200403402 形成支承，並具有可限制懸掛彈簧24之末端外徑的彈簧 支承部2 1 A、及固定於避震器管1 1外周的環狀安裝部 2 1 B ’而ί哀狀安裝部2 1 B是以偏心的方式配置於彈賛支承 部2 1 Α內。下側彈簧座2 1，在環狀安裝部2 1Β上部的避 震器管11周圍設有凹狀安裝部21C，該凹狀安裝部21C 形成可供防塵套承座5 0卡合的空間。環狀安裝部2 1 B與 凹狀安裝部21C在包圍避震器管11的外周方向上設有排 水孔2 1 D。下側彈簧座2 1，在彈簧支承部2 1 A的內側， 於未設有凹狀安裝部2 1C的部分，設有複數條由彈簧支承 部2 1 A朝凹狀安裝部2 1 C形成放射狀的補強肋2 1 E，並將 由補強肋2 1 E的表面延伸至凹狀安裝部2 1 C內周的部分 作爲排水溝2 1 F。此外，在彈簧支承座2 1 A外周方向上的 複數位置，設有承座橡膠40用的定位孔2 1 G。 承座橡膠4〇，是由橡膠或樹脂（譬如丙烯腈橡膠） 等彈性體所構成，並被下側彈簧座2 1的彈簧支承部2 1 A 所包覆，並具有沿著懸掛彈簧24末端的一個捲繞簧圈， 直接支承懸掛彈簧24末端端面的承接部4 1 ;及由承接部 4 1的外周豎起，可直接限制懸掛彈簧24末端外徑的豎起 部42。承座橡膠40在承接部4 1背面之圓周方向上的複 數個位置，具有可卡合於下側彈簧座2 1之定位孔2 1 G的 定位銷4 3。 防塵套承座50如第4A、4B圖所示地’採用與承座 橡膠40相同的橡膠或樹脂等彈性體所構成’並與承座橡 膠4 0之承接部4 1外周方向上的局部形成一體’且防塵套 -9 - (6) (6)200403402 承座5 0並非緊貼於避震氣管1 1的外周，而是以近乎緊密 貼著的方式嵌合於設成環繞下側彈簧座2 1之管抵接部外 周的凹狀安裝部2 1 C後形成固定。 防塵套承座5 0具備：載置於下側彈簧座2 1之凹狀安 裝部2 1 C底部，用來承接防塵套3 0下端面的平面狀承接 面5 1 ;及由平面狀承接面5 1外周沿著凹裝安裝部2 1 C內 面豎起的豎起部5 2。防塵套承座5 0的豎起部5 2，被下側 彈簧座2 1的凹狀安裝部2 1 C限制其外徑並嵌合於其上形 成固定。承接面5 1，係在對應於下側彈簧座2 1之排水孔 2 1 D的位置處，形成排水孔5 3。 接下來，就下側彈簧座2 1的排水結構進行說明。侵 入下側彈簧座21上未被承座橡膠4 0與防塵套承座5 0所 包覆部分的水，係由補強肋2 1 E的排水溝2 1 F進入設置在 下側彈簧座2 1最下層的凹狀安裝部2 1 C，隨著水流動的 砂子等異物，並未進入上述的縫隙中，而是與水一起由防 塵套承座5 0之豎起部52上端溢出後，流經防塵套承座 5 0的排水孔5 3由下側彈簧座2 1的排水孔2 1 D排出。 此外，防塵套承座5 0的豎起部5 2，於設置在下側彈 簧座2 1之補強肋2 1 E的排水溝2 1 F對應於凹狀安裝部 2 1 C開口部份的位置，可藉由開鑿凹槽的方式在排水溝 2 1 F上形成連續的排水溝（圖面上未顯示）。藉此，即使 是砂子等異物也不會由豎起部5 2處溢出，而是由凹陷的 排水溝排出。但是’沿著設置於豎起部5 2之凹陷排水溝 外周的凹槽寬度，必須形成不會導致承接於防塵套承座 -10- 200403402 σ) 5 〇之防塵套3 0與下側彈簧座2 1之凹狀安裝部2 1 C內周 產生磨擦般程度的微小寬度。 根據以上的描述，隨著活塞桿12的伸縮，油壓避震 器1 〇的防塵套3 0將形成上下移動，當活塞桿1 2伸長時 ，將使防塵套3 0的圓筒狀下垂部3 3由平面狀承接面51 處脫離，並向上移動到位於避震器管1 1周圍的緩衝栓頭 2 8附近，使伸縮部3 2形成延伸狀。當活塞桿1 2收縮時 ，防塵套30的匪筒狀下垂部33將抵接於防塵套承座50 之承接面5 1，使伸縮部3 2形成壓縮狀。 根據本實施形態可具有以下的作用： 1 .防塵套承座5 0並非緊貼於避震器管1 1，而是嵌合 於設在下側彈簧座2 1的凹狀安裝部2 1 C後形成固定。因 此，防塵套承座5 0不會在插入固定於避震器管1 1後產生 滑動，具有良好的組裝性。 2 .由於防塵套承座5 0被固定於下側彈簧座2 1，且不 會因防塵套3 0端面的衝擊力產生變形及偏移，因此，下 側彈簧座2 1的表面不會摩擦防塵套承座5 0導致其表面的 塗裝物脫落而生鏽，可保護下側彈簧座2 1的表面。 3 .由於防塵套承座5 0以幾乎相同的形狀緊密嵌合於 下側彈簧座2 1後形成固定，因此在防塵套承座5 0與下側 彈簧座2 1之間不會夾入砂子之類的異物，因此下側彈簧 座2 1的表面不爲因砂子等異物的摩擦導致其表面的塗裝 物脫落而生鏽，可保護下側彈簧座2 1的表面。 4 .由於增加防塵套承座5 0的厚度可提升其剛性，可 -11 - (8) (8)200403402 更進一步避免因防塵套3 0之衝撞所產生的變形，並提升 組裝性。 5 .藉由使防塵套承座5 0與承座橡膠4 0 —體成形，可 提高構件的管理性並降低組裝所需的時間。 6 .防塵套承座5 0是設置成環繞於與下側彈簧座2 1之 防塵套形成抵接處的整個外周。據此，即使防塵套3 0傾 倒，防塵套3 0的端面也能確實地由防塵套承座5 0承接， 可確實地防止防塵套3 0的端面撞擊下側彈簧座2 1。 在第5圖中，相對於防塵套3 0，防塵套承座5 0的承 接面51，朝半徑方向（豎起部52的方向）形成一個向下傾 斜的錐狀斜面。 7 .設置於防塵套承座5 0的錐狀承接面5 1，可導引向 下移動的防塵套3 0的端面，並使防塵套3 0與避震器管 11形成同軸。由於油壓避震器1〇是形成對垂直方向具有 傾斜角度的配置，因此防塵套3 0多少會相對於避震器管 1 1產生移動，因此，可於防塵套3 0抵接於防塵套承座5 0 時起，形成中心線的同軸化以避免防塵套的套身產生彎折 ，並避免因防塵套3 0與懸掛彈簧24或避震器管1 1接觸 而導致破損。 以上是根據圖面來詳細明本發明的實施例，但本案並 不侷限於上述的實施型態，只要不逸脫本案之主旨的範圍 內，能有不同的各種衍生設計。舉例來說，設置於彈簧座 上供防塵套承座嵌合固定的卡合部，亦可形成凸出狀，並 不侷限於凹陷狀。此外，本發明之避震器的防塵套支承結 -12- (9) (9)200403402 構，可適用於各種避震器，而不是只適用於油壓避震器。 如上所述地，根據本發明，可提高用來承接防塵套端 面之防塵套承座的組裝性，並避免防塵套承座及砂子等異 物磨擦彈簧承座的表面，可保護彈簧承座的表面。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖：是顯示油壓避震器之重要部分的剖面圖。 第2圖：是第1圖之重要部分的放大圖。 · 第3圖：是顯示彈簧座的圖，其中3 A爲俯視圖，3 B 爲剖面圖。 第4圖：是顯示防塵套支承構造的圖，其中4 A爲俯 視圖，4B爲剖面圖。 第5圖：是顯示防塵套支承構造之衍生例的剖面圖。 【元件對照表】 1 〇 :油壓避震器 φ 1 1 :避震器管 1 2 :活塞桿 1 3 :車輪側安裝架 1 4 :車身側安裝架 1 5 :螺帽 2 1 :下側彈簧座 2 1 A :彈簧支承部 2 1 B :環狀安裝部 -13- (10) (10)200403402 2 1 C :凹狀安裝部 2 1 D :排水孔 2 1 E :補強肋 2 1 F :排水溝 2 1 G :定位孔 22 :上側彈簧座 2 3 :止推軸承 24 :懸掛彈簧 2 5 :承座橡膠 26 :緩衝橡膠 2 7 :鐵杯 2 8 :緩衝栓頭 3 〇 :防塵套 3 1 :杯狀安裝部 3 2 :伸縮部 3 3 _·圓筒狀下垂部 4 0 :承座橡膠 4 1 :承接部 42 :豎起部 4 3 :定位銷 5 〇 :防塵套承座 5 1 :承接面 5 2 :豎起部 5 3 :排水孔 -14-200403402 (1) 发明. Description of the invention [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a support structure for a shroud of a shock absorber. [Prior art] In a hydraulic shock absorber, the shock absorber tube is covered by a dust cover, and a suspension spring provided outside the dust cover can be supported by a spring seat installed on the shock absorber tube and will receive dust protection. For the structure in which the dust-proof cover seat of the end face is arranged on the spring seat, such as Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-173 73 5, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6 1-1 3 9 8 0 4 and Japanese Patent No. 3 2 0 5 Patent No. 480. Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6 0- 1 7 3 735 discloses that the spring seat and the independent dust jacket seat are inserted and fixed in close contact with the shock absorber tube. The dustproof sleeve seat is fixed by the pressing force that is close to the shock absorber tube. When it is inserted and fixed on the shock absorber tube, it will slide, which requires great installation force. The sliding distance is also longer, which is not ideal in terms of mountability. In addition, because the dust cover seat is not fixed to the spring seat, the impact force acting on the end face of the dust cover will deform and shift the dust cover seat, and cause the dust cover seat to rub the spring seat and cause the paint on the surface to fall off. , So that the surface of the spring seat may rust. The content disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6 1-1 3 9 804 is to make the radial dust cover seat integrated with the seat rubber close to the shock absorber tube, and make the dust cover seat Located above the spring seat. The dustproof sleeve holder is also fixed by the pressing force that is close to the shock absorber tube. When it is inserted and fixed on the shock absorber tube, it will slide, so that it needs a great installation force (2) (2) 200403402 Moreover, the sliding distance to the shock absorber tube is also long, which is also not ideal in terms of installability. In addition, since the dust cover seat is not fixed to the spring seat, the impact force acting on the end face of the dust cover will deform and shift the dust cover seat, and cause the dust cover seat to rub the spring seat and cause the paint on the surface to fall off. , So that the surface of the spring seat may rust. The content disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3 20 5 48 0 is a structure in which a radial dust cover seat integrally provided on the seat rubber is provided to float from the spring seat. Since the dustproof sleeve seat is floated from the spring seat, it is easy to sandwich foreign matter such as sand between the dustproof seat and the impact force acting on the end face of the dustproof sleeve to deform and shift the dustproof sleeve seat. As a result, the sand and dust jacket seat will friction with the spring seat, causing the paint on its surface to peel off, and the surface of the spring seat may be rusted. [Summary of the Invention] The object of the present invention is to improve the mountability of the end face of the dust cover when it is mounted on the dust cover, and to avoid friction between the dust cover and the surface of the sand and the spring seat to protect the surface of the spring seat. In the present invention, a dust-proof sleeve with one end fixed to the piston rod side covers the shock-absorbing tube, and a suspension spring provided on the outside of the dust-proof sleeve can be supported by a spring seat installed on the shock-absorbing tube and will receive another The dust cover seat at the end face is arranged on the dust cover structure above the spring seat, wherein the dust cover seat is not closely attached to the shock absorber tube, but is fixed after being engaged with the engaging portion provided on the spring seat. (3) (3) 200403402 [Embodiment] As shown in Fig. 1, the hydraulic shock absorber i 0 is a piston cylinder 12 in which a piston rod 12 is built in a shock absorber tube 11 and the suspension is made. The damper tube n is coupled to a wheel provided with a wheel-side mounting frame 13, and a vehicle body provided with a vehicle-body-side mounting frame i 4 is mounted on a piston rod 12 protruding from the shock absorber tube 11. And the body side mount! 4, is formed by a rubber set of the frame, and is locked to the upper end portion of the piston rod 12 by a nut 15. The hydraulic shock absorber 10 is provided with a suspension spring 24 between the lower spring seat 2 1 fixed to the outer periphery of the shock absorber tube 1 1 by welding or the like, and the upper spring seat 22. The upper spring seat 22 is The push-in bearing 23 is press-fitted, and the push-up bearing 23 is also press-fitted to the vehicle body-side mounting frame i 4 provided around the piston rod 12, and is supported on its surface. The suspension spring 24 supports the upper spring seat 22 through the seat rubber 25, and the hydraulic shock absorber 10 has a piston rod 12 that is inserted into and fixed to the lower side of the body-side mounting bracket i4. The cushion rubber 26. The cushion rubber 26 is covered by the iron cup 27 and restricts its radial deformation. The back surface of the iron cup 27 is abutted against the vehicle body mount 1 4. In the state of maximum compression, the buffer rubber head 26 at the upper end of the shock absorber tube n is hit by the cushion rubber 26 to limit the maximum compression stroke of the hydraulic shock absorber 10. In other words, the hydraulic shock absorber 10 uses the ejection force of the suspension spring 24 to absorb the impact force of the road surface on the vehicle, and then expands and contracts. In addition, when the piston rod 12 moves up and down with the aforementioned expansion and contraction, the hydraulic shock absorber 10 can be equipped with a piston valve device provided on the piston, and (4) (4) 200403402 foot valve device provided on the piston cylinder, etc. The generated damping force controls the speed of the aforementioned telescopic vibration. In addition, the hydraulic shock absorber 10 is surrounded by a shock absorber tube 11 and a piston rod 12 protruding from the shock absorber tube 11 and is made of an elastomer such as rubber or resin. Covered with dust cover 30. The dust-proof cover 30 has a cup-shaped mounting portion 31 covered with the aforementioned cushioning rubber 26, and the iron cup 27 holds the upper end thereof in a fixed state. The dust cover 30 is connected to the telescopic portion 3 2 of the cup-shaped mounting portion 31, extends from the periphery of the cushion rubber 26 to the periphery of the shock absorber tube 1 1, and a cylinder is provided on the lower end side of the telescopic portion 32.状 垂 垂 部 3 3． · With the expansion and contraction of the piston rod 12, the dust cover 30 will move up and down. When the piston rod 12 is extended, the lower end of the cylindrical drooping portion 33 will be cushioned by the lower spring seat 21 side. The upper part of the bolt head 28 is moved near the upper side and the telescopic section 32 is extended. When the piston rod 12 is retracted, the lower end of the cylindrical drooping section 3 3 will collide with the lower spring seat 21 and the dust will be described later. The socket seat 50 moves downward to compress the telescopic portion 32. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the hydraulic shock absorber 10 is provided with a rubber seat 4 0 between the suspension spring 24 and the lower spring seat 21, and is integrally formed into the rubber seat. The dust jacket holder 50 of the seat 40 is arranged on the lower spring seat 2 1, and the dust jacket holder 50 receives the end face of the dust jacket 30. The rubber seat 40 and the dust jacket seat 50 do not completely cover the lower spring seat 2 1. The rubber seat 40 covers the outer periphery of the lower spring seat 2 1, and the dust jacket seat 50. Covered on the underside? Early yellow seat 2 1 sin is near the central part of the M benefit tube 1 1. At this time, the lower spring seat 21, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, supports one end of the suspension spring 24 (5) (5) 200403402 along a winding spring 圏 along the end surface of the suspension spring 24, and A spring support portion 2 1 A capable of limiting the outer diameter of the end of the suspension spring 24 and a ring-shaped mounting portion 2 1 B 'fixed to the outer periphery of the shock absorber tube 1 1 and the saddle-shaped mounting portion 2 1 B are eccentric The method is arranged in the bolster support part 2 1 Α. The lower spring seat 21 is provided with a concave mounting portion 21C around the shock absorber tube 11 on the upper portion of the ring-shaped mounting portion 21B, and the concave mounting portion 21C forms a space in which the dustproof housing seat 50 can be engaged. The annular mounting portion 2 1 B and the concave mounting portion 21C are provided with drainage holes 2 1 D in the outer circumferential direction surrounding the shock absorber tube 11. The lower spring seat 21 is provided inside the spring support portion 2 1 A in a portion where the concave mounting portion 2 1C is not provided, and a plurality of spring support portions 2 1 A are formed toward the concave mounting portion 2 1 C. Radial reinforcing ribs 2 1 E, and a portion extending from the surface of the reinforcing ribs 2 1 E to the inner periphery of the concave mounting portion 2 1 C are used as drainage grooves 2 1 F. In addition, at a plurality of positions in the outer peripheral direction of the spring bearing seat 2 1 A, positioning holes 2 1 G for the seat rubber 40 are provided. The seat rubber 40 is made of an elastic body such as rubber or resin (such as acrylonitrile rubber), and is covered by the spring support portion 2 1 A of the lower spring seat 21, and has an end along the suspension spring 24 A coil spring coil directly supports the receiving portion 41 at the end surface of the end of the suspension spring 24; and a rising portion 42 erected from the outer periphery of the receiving portion 41 to directly limit the outer diameter of the end of the suspension spring 24. The seat rubber 40 has positioning pins 4 3 at a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction on the back surface of the receiving portion 41, and can be engaged with the positioning holes 2 1 G of the lower spring seat 21. As shown in Figs. 4A and 4B, the dustproof socket seat 50 is "constructed with an elastomer such as the same rubber or resin as the socket rubber 40" and is partially formed in the outer peripheral direction of the receiving portion 41 of the socket rubber 40. Integral 'and dust cover -9-(6) (6) 200403402 The holder 5 0 is not closely attached to the outer periphery of the shock tube 1 1 but is fitted to the spring seat provided to surround the lower side in a nearly close manner. The concave mounting portion 2 1 C on the outer periphery of the tube abutment portion 21 is fixed after being formed. The dustproof sleeve bearing 50 is provided with a flat receiving surface 5 1 placed on the bottom of the concave mounting portion 2 1 C of the lower spring seat 21 to receive the lower end of the dustproof sleeve 30; and a flat receiving surface 5 1 The raised portion 5 2 is erected on the outer periphery along the inner surface of the recessed mounting portion 2 1 C. The raised portion 5 2 of the dust cover seat 50 is restricted in its outer diameter by the concave mounting portion 2 1 C of the lower spring seat 21, and is fitted and fixed to it. The receiving surface 51 is formed at a position corresponding to the drainage hole 21 D of the lower spring seat 21, and a drainage hole 53 is formed. Next, a drainage structure of the lower spring seat 21 will be described. Water entering the lower spring seat 21 which is not covered by the seat rubber 40 and the dust jacket seat 50 is covered by the drainage groove 2 1 F of the reinforcing rib 2 1 E and enters the lower spring seat 2 1 The concave mounting portion 2 1 C of the lower layer does not enter the gap with sand such as sand flowing with the water, but flows with the water from the upper end of the rising portion 52 of the dustproof seat 50 and flows through. The drainage hole 5 3 of the dustproof seat 50 is discharged through the drainage hole 2 1 D of the lower spring seat 21. In addition, the raised portion 5 2 of the dust-proof cover seat 50 is located in the drainage groove 2 1 F of the reinforcing rib 2 1 E provided on the lower spring seat 2 1 corresponding to the position of the opening portion of the concave mounting portion 2 1 C. A continuous drainage groove (not shown in the figure) can be formed on the drainage groove 2 1 F by cutting a groove. Thereby, even foreign matter such as sand does not overflow from the erected portion 52, but is discharged through a recessed drainage ditch. However, 'the groove width along the outer periphery of the recessed drainage groove provided on the rising portion 52 must be formed so that it will not be received by the dust jacket holder -10- 200403402 σ) 5 〇 the dust jacket 3 0 and the lower spring seat The concave mounting portion 21 of 21 has a minute width on the inner periphery of frictional degree. According to the above description, with the expansion and contraction of the piston rod 12, the dustproof cover 30 of the hydraulic shock absorber 10 will move up and down. When the piston rod 12 is extended, the cylindrical droop of the dustproof cover 30 will be formed. 3 3 is detached from the flat receiving surface 51 and moved upward to the vicinity of the buffer bolt head 2 8 located around the shock absorber tube 1 1 so that the telescopic portion 32 is extended. When the piston rod 12 is contracted, the band-shaped drooping portion 33 of the dust cover 30 will abut against the receiving surface 51 of the dust cover socket 50, so that the telescopic portion 32 will be compressed. According to this embodiment, the following effects can be achieved: 1. The dust-proof cover holder 50 is not closely attached to the shock absorber tube 1 but is fitted into the concave mounting portion 2 1 C provided on the lower spring seat 21. Formed fixed. Therefore, the dustproof seat 50 does not slip after being inserted into and fixed to the shock absorber tube 11 and has good assemblability. 2. Since the dust cover seat 50 is fixed to the lower spring seat 21 and will not be deformed and shifted by the impact force of the end face of the dust cover 30, the surface of the lower spring seat 21 will not rub. The dust cover seat 50 causes the coating on the surface to fall off and rust, which can protect the surface of the lower spring seat 21. 3. Since the dust cover seat 50 is tightly fitted into the lower spring seat 21 in almost the same shape to form a fixed, no sand will be sandwiched between the dust cover seat 50 and the lower spring seat 21. Therefore, the surface of the lower spring seat 21 is not rusted due to the coating of the surface falling off due to the friction of foreign matter such as sand, and the surface of the lower spring seat 21 can be protected. 4. Since increasing the thickness of the dust cover seat 50 can increase its rigidity, it can further avoid the deformation caused by the collision of the dust cover 30 and improve the assemblability. 5. By integrally forming the dustproof socket seat 50 and the seat rubber 40, the management of the components can be improved and the time required for assembly can be reduced. 6. The dust cover socket 50 is provided so as to surround the entire outer periphery of the dust cover which contacts the lower spring seat 21. Accordingly, even if the dust-proof cover 30 is tilted, the end surface of the dust-proof cover 30 can be reliably received by the dust-proof cover holder 50, and the end surface of the dust-proof cover 30 can be reliably prevented from hitting the lower spring seat 21. In Fig. 5, the receiving surface 51 of the dust-proof cover holder 50 is formed with a tapered inclined surface inclined downward with respect to the radial direction (the direction of the rising portion 52) with respect to the dust-proof cover 30. 7. The cone-shaped receiving surface 51 provided on the dustproof sleeve holder 50 can guide the end surface of the dustproof sleeve 30 moving downward, and make the dustproof sleeve 30 and the shock absorber tube 11 coaxial. Since the hydraulic shock absorber 10 is configured to have an inclined angle with respect to the vertical direction, the dustproof cover 30 may move relative to the shock absorber tube 11 slightly. Therefore, the dustproof cover 30 can abut the dustproof cover. Starting from 50 o'clock, the coaxiality of the centerline is formed to avoid the sleeve of the dust cover from bending, and to avoid damage caused by the dust cover 30 contacting the suspension spring 24 or the shock absorber tube 11. The above is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention based on the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation modes, as long as it does not deviate from the scope of the present invention, various derivative designs can be provided. For example, the engagement portion provided on the spring seat for the dust jacket seat to be fitted and fixed may also be formed in a convex shape, and is not limited to a concave shape. In addition, the dust jacket support structure of the shock absorber of the present invention is applicable to various shock absorbers, not just hydraulic shock absorbers. As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the assemblability of the dust cover holder used to receive the end face of the dust cover, and to prevent the dust cover holder and foreign matter such as sand from rubbing the surface of the spring holder, and the surface of the spring holder can be protected . [Brief description of the drawings] Figure 1: A sectional view showing an important part of the hydraulic shock absorber. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an important part of FIG. 1. · Figure 3: A view showing a spring seat, where 3 A is a top view and 3 B is a cross-sectional view. Fig. 4 is a view showing the supporting structure of the dust cover, in which 4 A is a plan view and 4B is a cross-sectional view. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a derivative example of the dust cover supporting structure. [Comparison of components] 1 〇: Hydraulic shock absorber φ 1 1: Shock absorber tube 1 2: Piston rod 1 3: Wheel-side mount 1 4: Body-side mount 1 5: Nut 2 1: Lower side Spring seat 2 1 A: Spring support part 2 1 B: Ring-shaped mounting part-13- (10) (10) 200403402 2 1 C: Recessed mounting part 2 1 D: Drain hole 2 1 E: Reinforcing rib 2 1 F : Gutter 2 1 G: Positioning hole 22: Upper spring seat 2 3: Thrust bearing 24: Suspension spring 2 5: Bearing rubber 26: Cushion rubber 2 7: Iron cup 2 8: Cushion head 3 〇: Dust cover 3 1: Cup-shaped mounting part 3 2: Telescopic part 3 3 _ · Cylinder-shaped drooping part 40: Bearing rubber 4 1: Support part 42: Rising part 4 3: Positioning pin 5 〇: Dust cover support 5 1: Receiving surface 5 2: Rising part 5 3: Drain hole -14-

Claims (1)

(1) 200403402 拾、申請專利範圍 1、 一種避震器的防塵套支承構造，是其中一端固定 於活塞桿側的防塵套包覆避震器管，且設置於防塵套外側 的懸掛彈簧可由安裝於避震器管的彈簧座所支承，並將承 接防塵套另一端面之防塵套承座配置於彈簧座上面的防塵 套結構，其特徵爲： 防塵套承座並非緊抱於避震器管上，而是卡合固定於 設置在彈簧座之卡合部。 2、 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之避震器的防塵套支 承構造，其中在前述懸掛彈簧與彈簧座之間安裝有橡膠承 座，且該防塵套承座與橡膠承座是一體成型的。 3、 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之避震器的防塵套支 承構造，其中前述防塵套承座，係設成環繞於與彈簧座之 防塵套形成抵接處的整個外周。 , 4、如申請專利範圍第2項所述之避震器的防塵套支 承構造，其中前述防塵套承座，係設成環繞於與彈簧座之 防塵套形成抵接處的整個外周。 5、 如申請專利範圍第1〜4項之任何一項所述之避震 器的防塵套支承構造，其中防塵套承座在面對防塵套之半 徑方向的外側，形成一個向下傾斜的錐狀承接面。 6、 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之避震器的防塵套支 承構件，其中前述防塵套具有固定於活塞桿側的安裝部、 和連接於該安裝部的伸縮部、及位於該伸縮部下端部的圓 筒狀下垂部。 A -15- (2) (2)200403402 7、 如申請專利範圍第2項所述之避震器的防塵套支 承構造，其中設於彈簧座的卡合部形成凹陷狀，而前述防 塵套承座具備：載置於前述彈簧座之凹狀安裝部底部，用 來承接防塵套下端面的平面狀承接面；及由該平面狀承接 面起，沿著上述凹狀安裝部內面豎起的豎起部。 8、 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之避震器的防塵套支 承構造，其中前述的彈簧座具有可支承懸掛彈簧末端的端 面，並可限制懸掛彈簧之末端外徑的彈簧支承部；及固定 於避震器管外周的環狀安裝部，且該彈簧支承部在外周方 向上的複數的位置設有定位孔， 前述的承座橡膠，在直接支撐懸掛彈簧末端端面之承 接部的背面外周方向上，具有複數個可卡合於上述彈簧座 定位孔的定位銷。 9、 如申請專利範圍第8項所述之避震器的防塵套支 承構造，其中在上述彈簧座的環狀安裝部與凹狀安裝部上 ，於環繞前述避震器管之圓周方向的局部設有排水孔，並 在前述防塵套承座的平面狀承接面上，於對應於前述彈簧 座之排水孔的位置設有排水孔。 1 〇、如申請專利範圍第9項所述之避震器的防塵套支 承構造，其中上述的彈簧座的彈簧座支承部內側，在未設 有凹狀安裝部的部分，設有由彈簧座支承部朝凹狀安裝部 形成放射狀的複數條補強肋，並由該部補強肋的表面朝凹 狀安裝部的內面延伸形成排水溝。 -16-(1) 200403402 Patent application scope 1. A dust jacket support structure for a shock absorber. A dust jacket with one end fixed to the piston rod side covers the shock absorber tube, and a suspension spring provided outside the dust jacket can be installed. The dust cover structure supported by the spring seat of the shock absorber tube, and the dust cover seat that receives the other end of the dust cover is arranged on the spring seat, which is characterized in that the dust cover seat is not tightly held on the shock absorber tube. Instead, it is engaged and fixed to an engaging portion provided on the spring seat. 2. The dustproof sleeve supporting structure of the shock absorber as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein a rubber bearing is installed between the suspension spring and the spring seat, and the dustproof bearing seat and the rubber bearing are integrally formed. of. 3. The dustproof sleeve support structure of the shock absorber as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the aforementioned dustproof sleeve holder is arranged to surround the entire periphery of the abutment with the dustproof sleeve of the spring seat. 4. The dust jacket support structure of the shock absorber as described in item 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the dust jacket support is arranged to surround the entire periphery of the abutment with the dust jacket of the spring seat. 5. The dust jacket support structure of the shock absorber as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dust jacket seat forms a downwardly inclined cone on the outside facing the radial direction of the dust jacket.状 接面。 Shaped bearing surface. 6. The dust cover supporting member of the shock absorber according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the dust cover has a mounting portion fixed to the piston rod side, a telescopic portion connected to the mounting portion, and the telescopic portion. Cylindrical droop at the lower end. A -15- (2) (2) 200403402 7. The dust cover supporting structure of the shock absorber as described in item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the engagement portion provided on the spring seat is formed in a recessed shape, and the aforementioned dust cover is The seat includes: a flat receiving surface placed on the bottom of the concave mounting portion of the spring seat to receive the lower end face of the dustproof cover; and a vertical standing surface rising from the planar receiving surface along the inner surface of the concave mounting portion. Starting department. 8. The dust jacket support structure of the shock absorber as described in item 7 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the aforementioned spring seat has a spring end portion that can support the end of the suspension spring and can limit the outer diameter of the end of the suspension spring; and An annular mounting portion fixed to the outer periphery of the shock absorber tube, and the spring supporting portion is provided with positioning holes in a plurality of positions in the outer circumferential direction. The aforementioned seat rubber is on the outer periphery of the back of the receiving portion directly supporting the end face of the suspension spring. In the direction, there are a plurality of positioning pins that can be engaged with the positioning holes of the spring seat. 9. The dust jacket supporting structure of the shock absorber as described in item 8 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the annular mounting portion and the recessed mounting portion of the spring seat are in a portion surrounding the circumferential direction of the shock absorber tube. A drainage hole is provided, and a drainage hole is provided at a position corresponding to the drainage hole of the spring seat on the flat receiving surface of the dust cover seat. 10. The support structure of the dust cover of the shock absorber according to item 9 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the inside of the spring seat support portion of the spring seat is provided with a spring seat in a portion where the concave mounting portion is not provided. The support portion forms a plurality of radial reinforcing ribs toward the concave mounting portion, and a drainage groove is formed by extending the surface of the reinforcing ribs toward the inner surface of the concave mounting portion. -16-
TW092113251A 2002-05-24 2003-05-15 Dustproof cover support structure of shock absorber TWI261096B (en)

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US7090058B2 (en) 2006-08-15
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JP2003343634A (en) 2003-12-03
US20030218286A1 (en) 2003-11-27

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