TW200300793A - Expansion gap protection structure for a gasifier - Google Patents

Abstract

The expansion gap protection structure for a gasifier includes a solid, inflexible, non-compressible annular refractory shoulder extending downwardly into an expansion gap from a metallic flange that is provided at a top neck portion of the gasifier. The annular refractory shoulder extends into an annular space between a hotface layer of the refractory lining and the inside surface of the gasifier shell. The annular refractory shoulder engages an annular refractory fibrous gasket means on a top edge of a backup layer of the refractory lining of the gasifier. An annular coil of refractory rope is provided in an annular clearance space between the annular refractory shoulder and the hotface layer of the refractory lining to plug the clearance space.

Description

200300793 发明 Description of the invention (The description of the invention should be made clear: the technical field to which the invention belongs, the prior art, the content, the embodiments, and the drawings are briefly explained) [Technical Field to which the invention belongs] Field of the invention The present invention relates to the use of such as gasification 5-gap protection structure for the expansion space of the refractory pipeline container of the device, especially a novel expansion-gap protection structure using a strong fireproof material. [Previous technology] Gasifiers are generally used to process carbon-containing fuels, including coal, petroleum coke, gas, and / or oil, to generate a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, such as 10 carbon, synthesis gas, reducing gas and fuel gas. Part of the oxidation gasifier disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 2,809,104 & 5,484,554 includes a high temperature reaction chamber surrounded by one or more layers of thermal insulation and fire-resistant materials, such as also known as fire monuments or fire linings Fireproof earthen bricks and enclosed by an outer steel shell or chamber. 15 # An injection type injector disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,443,23G A 4,491,456 can be used with the aforementioned gasifier to inject carbon containing oxygen downwardly with oxygen containing chaotic bodies for partial oxidation. Fuel can be pumped into the reaction chamber of the gasifier. The injector may be supported on a ring plate or on a flange, also called a middle flange, on the top neck of the gasifier. The intermediate flange thus forms the erection surface of the injector. Since the injector is positioned on the neck of the vaporizer, the neck is also called the injector's neck. As disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,484,559, the injection injector is provided with a mounting plate or flange on the mounting surface of the intermediate flange. In this 200,300,793, description of the invention, 'When the injection injector is set up in the gasifier in the operating position, the top and neck of the gasifier will generally be closed to help maintain the one plus in the gasifier reaction chamber. Pressure: environment. When the injection injector is in the operating position on the gasifier, the casing of the injector 5 extends downward from the top neck opening of the gasifier at an intermediate position on the neck of the gasifier. Thus, an annular space is defined between the body of the injection injector and the surrounding fireproof lining of the neck of the vaporizer. During operation of the basic reaction chamber of the gasifier, the temperature can be in the range of 2200f to 3000V. Operating dust power can be in the range of 10 to 2000 atmospheres 10. Fire-resistant materials, such as a lined fire-proof monument in the reaction chamber including the neck of the gasifier, and the gasifier shell expand at different rates during the heating process that raises the gasifier from atmospheric to operating temperature. The expansion gap usually provided in fire protection, especially the expansion gap on the neck above the gasifier is designed to compensate for the thermal expansion of the fire lining. If the expansion gap is not provided, the expansion of the fire monument will cause the shell of the gasifier to crack, bend or deflect, which will cause the fire to be broken, destroyed or cracked, especially near the gasifier's neck. On the round top. Therefore, the expansion gap is defined as a clearance space between the top edge of the gasifier supporting the middle flange and the injection 20 ϋ and the top edge of the fire lining. This gap is provided with enough space to prevent the fire prevention swell from expanding towards the middle flange, and the pressure of the gasifier shell and the fire prevention monument are excessively pressurized. However, the expansion gap exposes the inner surface of the gasifier shell 'if not properly protected, which can cause excessive heating on the% gap of the gasifier shell. 200300793 (ii) Description of the invention In order to protect the exposed inner surface of the expansion gap of the gasifier shell, a conventional method is to place a protective fireproof expansion gap assembly on the expansion gap. A conventional fire protection assembly for the expansion gap of a gasifier uses two to five layers of fireproof fiber blanket rings. The fire-resistant fiber blanket extends between the top edge of the expandable fire-resistant lining and the intermediate flange supporting the neck of the gasifier. The south side of the fire-resistant fiber blanket can fill the expansion gap and is sufficiently compressed to compensate for upward thermal expansion of the fire-resistant interior. Throughout the hot conditions of the gasifier operation, the middle dog edge is maintained on the gasifier neck and the injector is placed on it. 10 Because it is fixed to the middle flange of the gasifier neck, it cannot compensate for the upward expansion of the fire prevention. The fire-resistant fiber blanket material filling the expansion gap reduces the hot air flow from the reaction chamber's excessive expansion gap, and also blocks the transmission of light radiation heat through the expansion gap. This protects the 15 housing located on the neck of the gasifier, where the expansion gap is located, from overheating. A fireproof fiber blanket expansion gap assembly has several disadvantages. For example, the operation of a preheating burner on the 'injection 1 " wood β and seven on the gasifier, and the operation of the injection injector resulted in a venturi tube on the neck of the gasifier being empty. This vacuum can cause the fire-resistant fiber material of the expansion gap assembly to be pulled 20 to the reaction chamber of the gasifier by suction. The fire-resistant fiber material lost from the expansion gap causes the hot gas of the reaction chamber to pass through the expansion chamber and contact the gasification chamber shell, thereby causing overheating in the expansion gap of the gasifier shell. In addition, fibrous fire-resistant materials are not particularly mechanically resilient, and can be damaged by the material moving in and out of the injection nozzle. Advances in fiber fire-resistant materials in the expansion gap 200300793 玖, description of the invention Step damage may come from the hot, particle-containing system that shows the rot of the gas in the gasifier during operation. A newer heterogeneous gas assembly intended to solve the above-mentioned problems is disclosed in, for example, U.S. Patent No. M39,137B1 to CU et al. The disclosure of this patent is incorporated herein by reference, which uses a fibrous fireproof material in the expansion gap. However, the fiber fireproof material is positioned in the expansion gap with one or more rather incompressible fireproof cords, and the fireproof cord extends above the gasifier neck opening before the middle flange is erected over the gasifier neck . Therefore, when it is mounted on the gasifier, a compressive force is exerted on the peripheral protrusions by the intermediate flange 10. The fixing of the middle flange causes the peripheral rope to protrude against the fiber fire-resistant material. Therefore, the fiber fireproof material is locked in the expansion gap. This combination of locks helps to prevent the fiber fireproof material from being pulled out of the expansion gap. The entire expansion gap assembly can be enclosed in a high temperature alloy steel to reduce the corrosive damage to the expansion gap assembly. 15 However, even with the combination of locks by Groen et al., It is difficult to prevent heat transfer to the expansion gap on the gasifier housing. One problem is that the driving force of the passing synthetic gas is so strong that the holes of the fibrous fire-resistant material in the expansion gap can pass the hot synthetic gas and then contact and heat the gasifier shell. As a result, the upper dome region of the gasifier still suffers from excessively high shell temperatures, which, if severe, can cause a pause in gasification operations. Therefore, it is better to prepare an expansion gas protection structure, which can prevent the hot synthesis gas from passing through the expansion gap to the gasifier shell, and reduce the gasifier shell and the fiber fireproof material directly exposed to the synthesis gas in the expansion gap. 200300793说明 Description of the invention [Summary of the invention] The purpose and summary of the invention Several objects of the present invention are to provide a novel expansion gap protection structure for a gasifier; to provide a synthetic gas that can block heat through the expansion gap toward the shell. A novel gasifier expansion gap structure; a new expansion gap protection structure for including synthesis gas that prevents gasification of one of the sturdy fireproof materials through the expansion gap toward the gasifier shell; including overhangs into the expansion gap to prevent A strong loop of synthetic gas towards the gasifier shell through the expansion gap> New shoulder protection structure of fire-resistant shoulders; including extending into the expansion gap to compress the & fiber fire-resistant material and substantially prevent A novel swelling of compressed fiber fire-resistant material exposed to a strong annular fire-resistant shoulder in synthetic gas from a gasifier Expansion gap protection structure; includes one of the 15 shoulders provided with a relatively incompressible fireproof rope loop against the compressible fiber fireproof material and substantially preventing the compressible fiber fireproof material from being exposed to the synthetic gas from the gasifier Expansion gap protection structure; and a novel method of blocking synthesis gas from passing through the expansion gap toward the gasifier shell. Other objects and features of the present invention will be described below. An expansion gap gas protection structure

According to the present invention, a bulge for a gasifier includes a solid, non-flexible direct metal gasifier example. Gap A. Preferably, a hot surface layer between the fireproof shoulder and the metal shell of the vaporizer is placed on the hot surface layer and the gasifier shell. 10 ZUUJUU / yj Under the top surface, there is a hot surface layer and a gasification carcass surface, which is the hot surface layer and the inner surface of the carburizer shell ... '. The recessed space is in the shape of an air groove. &Amp; An arc-shaped recess is provided on the support layer between the two layers: pressure: the ring-shaped fireproof fiber loop device is arranged in the ring groove, and the selected south degree can make the ring-shaped fireproof ^ ^ loop clothes placed on the mounted fireproof shoulder to extend to the recess When fired, it is joined by a ring-shaped fire-resistant shoulder. An annular gap space is provided between the hot surface layer and the ring-shaped fire-resistant shoulder. The edge "is occupied by and is generally plugged by the two fire" ring, which is connected to Yaqi On the hot surface layer-the outer peripheral surface is shrunk. Therefore, when the metal flange of the annular fire shoulder is positioned, When the gasifier's neck is on, the annular fire-resistant shoulders are joined to the annular fire-resistant fibers and quasi-loop clothes in the annular groove, and the fire-rope ring occupies the space between the annular fire-resistant shoulders and the hot surface layer. Here, and in the mouth, the hot gas from the reaction chamber of the gasifier is generally prevented from contacting the shell of the gasifier through the expansion gap of the gasifier. The fireproof shoulder of the clothes [5's sturdy, not irreversible The incompressible feature substantially prevents heat from passing through the shoulder structure. In addition, the fire rope loop in the narrow space between the annular fire-resistant shoulder and the hot surface layer substantially prevents heat from passing through the rope 20 structure. 5

10 15

The compressible annular fireproof fiber heat coil device and the fireproof rope ring arranged below the% -shaped fireproof shoulder also form an expansion gap that prevents gas from passing from the reaction chamber toward the gasifier shell. During operation of the gasifier, the hot surface layer will heat up and expand. Thermal Expansion Club 11 200300793 发明, description of the invention Cause the hot surface to be lifted towards the metal flange to substantially remove the _ room temperature swelling gap distance between the top edge of the hot surface layer and the metal flange. The ring-shaped fire-resistant shoulders in cooperation with the fire-rope loops effectively prevent hot gas from coming into contact with the carburettor housing, so there is no need to install any 圈 5-turn device between the top of the hot surface layer and the metal flange. As a result, the hot surface layer can be inflated during operation of the gasifier to fairly close to the stacked metal flanges. This narrowing of the expansion gap between the metal flange and the top edge of the hot surface layer during gasifier operation also reduces the possibility of the hot synthesis gas contacting the expansion gap of the gasifier housing. 10 15 20 The sturdy, sturdy, high-density, non-swelling gap of the fire-resistant shoulders is effective

Therefore, the ring-shaped high-density, incompressible feature that moves through each other, and the compressible feature of the hot surface layer substantially close the ground on the hot surface layer to prevent hot gas from passing through the expansion gap to the gasifier shell.

The present invention also includes a method for preventing hot gas from flowing from the reaction chamber of the gasifier, the fire-proof lining, the expansion gap, and contacting the expansion gap of the gasifier. The method includes preparing a stepped annular expansion gap between In a fireproof lining under a gasification neck, wherein the fireproof lining-the top portion of the support layer extends on the support layer between the ring-shaped two hot surface layer and the gasifier shell. The method further comprises filling one of the annular grooves with a compressed annular fire-resistant fiber washer device to select a height and forming a sturdy, non-compressible annular fire-resistant shoulder on the metal flange of the gasification sacral neck. The fire-resistant shoulder is formed into one of the following: ::: Surface mount to a selected depth in the annular groove to engage the selected height of the housing-based annular fire-resistant fiber washer device. 12 200300793 发明, description of the invention The method also includes positioning the metal flange, and placing a ring-shaped fire-proof shoulder on the gasifier, so that the ring-shaped fire-proof shoulder extends into the ring-shaped groove, and the sub-joint can be repeatedly shrunk. Fireproof fiber washer device. In addition, the method includes placing a selected annular gap space between the fire-resistant shoulder and the hot surface layer. This method 5 also includes providing a fireproof rope loop in the annular gap space to plug the annular gap space. Therefore, the present invention includes the structure and method described above, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of patent application. 0 Brief description of drawings 10 FIG. 1 is a simplified fragmentary cross-sectional view of an upper part of a gasifier equipped with an expansion gap retaining structure incorporating an embodiment of the present invention; * FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragment thereof Sectional view; Figure 3 is a simplified 15-dimensional view of the metal flange of one of the vaporizers equipped with a sturdy, non-flexible, incompressible annular fire-proof shoulder. Figure 4 is as shown in Figure 1. A fragmentary perspective view of a portion of the upper part of the gasifier shown in the figure; and Figure 5 is a simplified cross-sectional view of a gasifier equipped with an injection injector mounted on a metal flange. 〇 Corresponding components in the drawings represent corresponding components. Embodiment C] Detailed description of the invention Referring now to the drawings, particularly to Figs. 5 and 5, a gasifier is generally represented by reference numeral 10. 13 200300793 5 10 15 20 (2) The invention's 2210 includes an outer steel container or shell with a top neck 14, also known as the gasifier neck 14. The top neck portion 14 has an opening η (No.!) Through which the main entrancer 38 (Fig. 5) extends. The gasifier housing ... inner surface 15 is provided with a portion surrounding a reaction chamber (Fig. 5). Anti-holding :: (!!. The fire-resistant lining 16 includes fire-resistant brick-supporting lining or support H (Figure 2), and the fire-proof fragment is provided-the top surface or the top edge 20. The temple layer 18 can also Any suitable conventional pourable and prayable fire-resistant material. The fire lining 16 also includes a lining or layer of hot surface brick 22, also known as ^ The hot surface layer 22 has a top surface or top edge 24 (Figure 2 ) And a hot surface 26 facing the reaction chamber Π. The top edge 20 of the support layer 18 is stepped below the top edge of the hot surface layer 22 to define a ring groove (Figure 4). Therefore, the support layer ㈣ Figure ㈣ % Of the bottom. The top edge 20 (FIG .; FIG.) May be 'for example, about 117 mm below the top edge 24, and the width of the annular groove from the heating surface layer 22 to the inner surface 15 is about 71 mm. The size provided here is only As an example, it is a function of the overall size of the gasifier. In fact, different sizes of gasifiers can be prepared with different sizes. As clearly shown in Figure 2, support layer 1 The top edges 20 and 24 of 8 and hot surface layer 22 are recessed at the top edge 32 of the gasifier neck to allow the fireproof liner 16 to expand when the gasifier 10 is heated during operation. Therefore, the carburetor housing near the top edge 32 of the top neck portion 14 is not covered by a fireproof lining with an inner surface portion 15a (Figure 2). # 14 200300793 玖, description of the invention is also referred to as the middle flange -A ring-shaped metal flange 36 (picture 2) is arranged on the top edge 32 of the top member 4 14 as an injection ejector% (picture $) preparation-erection surface 34 (picture 1). At the flange% The space between the top edges 2G and 24 of the support layer 18 and the hot surface layer 22 is called an expansion gap 5 40 (Figure 2). The height of the expansion gap 40 is from the top edge 20 of the support layer 18 to the flange 36-the lower surface portion 37 (picture 2) is approximately 157, and the distance from the top edge 24 of the heating surface layer 22 to the lower surface portion 37 is approximately 33 mm. The exposed inner shell of the gasifier 10 at the expansion gap 40 The body ... by 10, a new expansion gap protection structure including one of the annular fire-resistant shoulders 50 (Figure 2) in contact with the flange 36 is protected from direct exposure to heat and other Thermal conditions and chemical reactions in the reaction chamber of the gasifier. The annular fire-resistant shoulder 50 is made of a strong, non-flexible, incompressible fire-resistant material, such as' South density can be increased by Delray, Florida. The company is made of cast aluminum material sold under the trademark 15 Thermbond Formula 18. The annular fire-resistant shoulder 50 is connected to the lower surface 37 of the flange 36 with a metal fire anchor 54 (Figures 2 and 3) that can be made of stainless steel. As clearly shown in Figures 2 and 3, the metal fire anchor 54 is Oklahoma's Broken Arrow standard footed, double hooked, and angry. 4 seedlings 54 2 0 include long and short leg portions 56 and 58 which branch off from one leg 60. A curved or fishing portion 64 is provided on a free end of the long foot 56 and an opposite curved or fishing portion 66 is provided on the free end of the short foot 58. Note that the short feet are oriented towards a centerline 70 of the gasification gas (Figure 1). Some exemplary dimensions of the anchor 54 include the hook portion of the metal flange 36 to 15 200300793. Description of the invention The height of the lower portion 37 is approximately 63 mm. The height from the hook portion 66 to the end leg portion 58 of the lower surface 37 of the metal flange 36 is approximately 50 mm. The thickness of the feet 56, 58 is about 5 mm each, and the width of the anchor 54 from the hook portion 64 to the hook portion 66 is about 50 mm. The foot 60 of the anchor 54 extends approximately 15 inm on the plane 5 in FIG. 2. It extends approximately 25 mm on a plane perpendicular to the plane of Figure 2. Therefore, the length of the foot 60 of the anchor 54 on a plane perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 2 is approximately 25 mm. The anchor 54 is welded to the lower surface portion 37 of the metal flange 36 at the foot 60, and the sub-arrangement is arranged at a distance of about 100 mm along a circular path, and the diameter of the circular path 10 is approximately equal to the top neck 14 The inside diameter plus the outside diameter of the hot surface layer 22 is divided by two, plus approximately 4 mm. Therefore, the metal anchor 54 is positioned along, for example, a circular center line having a radius of about 275 mm from the center line 70 (FIG. 1). In this combination, about twelve anchors 54 are welded to the lower surface portion 37 of the metal flange 36, but only six anchors 54 are shown in FIG. The metal anchor 54 is preferably welded to the surface 37 with an Incone KD strip, and the metal flange% is preferably preheated to about 40 (TF before welding. The welding is continuous around the periphery of the foot 60. Preferably, the anchor 54 is positioned such that The plane of the short feet of the continuous anchor 54 is + 45 ° to ~ 45 ° relative to a radial line from the center line 70 of the vaporized descent 10. Once the metal anchor 54 is welded to the metal flange 36, use A mold (not shown) of any conventional configuration positioned on the surface of a flip metal flange 36 forms an annular fire-resistant shoulder 50 (Figure 3). The mold operation must have a contour of the shoulder 50 and the shoulder 50 protrudes approximately 75 mm from the lower surface portion 37, and the 200300793 玖, invention description 7 The surface portion 37 is provided with an outer peripheral surface 74 which is substantially perpendicular and is separated from the inner surface 15a of the neck 14 by a distance of 5. The annular fireproof shoulder 50 also includes An inner peripheral surface 76 that is slightly curved toward the outer peripheral surface 74 in the direction of one of the free ends toward the annular fire-resistant shoulder%. 5 For example, the free end surface 78 is preferably more than the surface below the metal flange 36 The opposite surface of the scapular shoulder 50 is about 6mm narrow. The inner peripheral surface The distance from the outer peripheral surface of the hot surface layer 22 (Figure 2) is about 10 mm. The inner diameter of the inner peripheral surface 76 of the shoulder portion 50 on the lower surface portion 37 is, for example, equal to about the outer diameter of the hot surface layer 22 Add about 7mm. The inside diameter of the peripheral surface% within the shoulder 50 on the end surface 78, for example, is equal to the outer diameter of the top edge 24 plus about 13mm.-Once the annular fire-resistant shoulder 50 is cured, the metal protrusions The edge 36 and the fire-resistant shoulder _ 50 can be dried to about 400. (:, and the temperature is maintained, for example, at least four J, day ^. Optionally, a newly cured metal shoulder 3 of the fire-resistant shoulder is provided. In the preheating and gasification stage, it is erected on the gasifier, and the drying step can be erected after the gasifier along with the metal flange 36. However, in the preheating step of the gasifier 1 〇 ^, The drying process of the annular fire-resistant shoulder 50 may require the gasifier 10 to heat at a slower rate. The metal flange 3 of the fire-resistant shoulder 50 is placed on the top of the equipment when it is 20 on the top neck 14 'a fireproof fiber thermal expansion washer 90 is erected behind the outer peripheral surface 100 of the hot surface layer 22. The fireproof fiber gasket 90 is positioned on the top surface of the support layer Uncompressed state on 20. The core of the fire-resistant fiber gasket 90 may include three separate sheet-like rings 92, 94, and 96 made of fire blankets with a thickness of about 25 mm that are resistant to at least 1250 ° C (Figure 2). The inner diameters of the rings 92, 94, and 96, such as 17 200300793 玖, invention description, are larger than the inner diameter thickness of the support layer 18 by 1 mm, and the outer diameter thereof is approximately, such as 1 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the neck portion 14 on the inner surface 15a. The rings 92, 94, and 96 made of three fire-resistant fiber blankets are preferably stacked on top of each other and enclosed in a sheath 98 of a ceramic cloth having a thickness of about 1 mm that is resistant to heat of at least 1250 ° C. 5 It is thought that the P square fire fiber head 90 must be assembled and erected in advance as a single unit placed in the annular groove 30. It should be noted that the fireproof fiber washer 90 can withstand destructive friction on the outer peripheral surface 100 (Figure 2) of the hot surface layer 22. Therefore, it is desirable that the sheath 98 is very elastic and can be added to a 10-dimensional high-temperature alloy wire fiber such as Inconel⑧. In addition, a metal flange% provided with a ring-shaped fire-resistant shoulder 50 is erected on the pager port P14, such as a single ring 82 (picture 2) of a fireproof rope with a diameter of about 13 coffee is connected to the The fire-resistant fiber washer 90 is above the hot surface 22 and the peripheral surface 100 is compressed against it. The rope loop μ is preferably a single piece extending 15 around the entire periphery of the outer peripheral surface 100 of the hot surface layer 22 and supported by a flammable material such as an adhesive f (not shown), and the adhesive The band will only likely compress the loop 82, and it is best to flatten it to less than 100 mm. During heating of the gasifier, the combustible band will burn out to allow the loop to expand to its normal uncompressed thickness. · 20 After the metal flange 36 is erected on the top neck portion 14, when the fireproof shoulder 50 · lowers into the annular groove 30, this compression of the rope loop 82 can make the fireproof shoulder and free Rope 82 (Figure 2). Therefore, the annular rope loop occupies an annular groove space 102 (Fig. 2) between the inner peripheral surface 76 of the field 54 and the outer peripheral surface 100 of the hot surface layer 22 to substantially block the space. 102. 200300793 (1) Description of the Invention As described above, the inner peripheral surface 76 of the annular 1 & square fire shoulder 50 is slightly bent toward the free end 78. Therefore, the space 102 must be narrowed in the upward direction from the fireproof fiber loop 90. Thus, the curved inner peripheral surface% can prevent the loop 82 from sucking out of the space 102 because it will compress when the rope 82 is curled up in the space 由于 due to the thermal expansion of the hot surface layer 22. The metal flange% of the rear-mounted% -shaped fire-resistant shoulder 50 is connected to the outer peripheral surface 1 of the hot surface layer 22 at the rope loop M. At 0 o'clock, it is precisely positioned on the top of the top neck 14 'as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 5. The precise 10 positioning of the metal flange 36 ensures that the annular fire-resistant shoulder is aligned with and positioned in the annular groove 30 without interfering with the top neck 14 of the hot surface layer 22. · In this set of towels, a ring-shaped fireproof 胄 4 50 made of air-impermeable material and a ceramic rope prevent synthetic gas from the reaction chamber 17 through the fireproof fiber 塾 loop 90 toward the surface of the gasifier shell ... and the neck of 15 Department 14. The airtight fireproof shoulder P5G also prevents hot synthetic gas from passing directly through the fireproof shoulders towards the carburettor neck 14 of the carburettor housing surface 15a. • When the gasifier 10 is operating, the hot surface layer 22 expands in an upward direction toward the metal flange 36, and therefore, it slides over the fireproof shoulder 50 when the gasifier is heated to the operating temperature. -〇 * Ideally, the inner peripheral surface 76 of the fireproof shoulder% must be as close as possible to the outer peripheral surface 100 of the hot surface layer 22. However, due to manufacturing and erection tolerances, there must be no interference between the fire-resistant shoulder 50 and the hot surface layer 22, and the fire-resistant fiber rope 82 is compressed into the space 102 between the shoulder 50 and the hot surface layer 22 (Figure 2) ), Thus significantly limiting the amount of gas that may pass 19 200300793 发明, invention description Once the gasifier is at operating temperature, the expansion gas between the top surface 24 of the hot surface layer 22 and the metal flange 36 can be as small as 3 Ugly to reduce the fire shoulders that reach the P side.卩 5G ’s body ’thus significantly reduces the temperature rise of the gasifier shell 5 body 12 during operation. It should be noted that the distance at room temperature between the lower surface 37 of the metal flange 36 and the top surfaces 2G and 24 of the support layer and the hot surface layer can be measured relative to the top edge of the gasifier neck and the metal flange Measured approximately before erection 36, this approximation is calculated by adjusting the thickness of a compression washer 10 between the metal flange 36 and the top edge% of the gasifier neck. Certain advantages of the present invention, which can be understood from the foregoing description, include a protective structure for an expansion gap formed generally of a gas-impermeable fireproof material to prevent hot synthesis gas from passing through the expansion gap toward the gasifier shell. The expanded gap protection structure includes a rugged 15-frame fire-resistant shoulder that is incompressible and non-flexible. The shoulder cooperates with a relatively incompressible fireproof loop to lean against a relatively compressible fibrous fireproof material and substantially blocks exposure of the relatively compressible fibrous fireproof material to synthetic gas from the reaction chamber of the gasifier. Another advantage of the present invention is that the hot surface brick erected in the gasifier can be erected from 20 to the south of the gap between the hot surface layer and the metal flange, which is generally smaller than the conventional technique. Place any fibrous material between the top surface of the facing layer and the metal flange. Therefore, the portion of the expansion gap between the top of the hot surface layer and the metal flange can be substantially closed. Therefore, the portion of the expansion gap between the hot surface layer and the metal flange can be minimized. 20 200300793 (ii) Description of the invention As described above, it can be seen that several objects and advantages of the present invention can be achieved. The above structures and methods can be changed differently without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above description in conjunction with the drawings is for illustration only and should not be considered as a limitation. 5 10 [Brief description of the drawings] Figure 1 is a simplified fragmentary cross-sectional view of an upper part of a gasifier equipped with an expansion gap protection structure added to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view; Figure 3 is a simplified perspective view of the _ metal flange of a gasifier equipped with a rugged, non-flexible, incompressible annular fire-proof shoulder; Fig. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the upper part of the gasifier as shown in Fig. 1; and Fig. 5 is a puppet of an injection injector mounted on a metal flange. Simplified sectional view of the device. Dead 20

21 200300793 发明 Description of the invention [List of main symbols of the main components of the drawing] 10 Vaporizer 50 Ring fire-resistant shoulder 12 Shell 54 Anchor 13 Opening 56 Long foot 14 Top neck 58 Short foot 15 Inner surface 60 foot 15a Inner surface portion 64 Hook portion 16 Fire lining 66 Hook portion 17 Reaction chamber 70 Centerline 18 Support layer 74 Outer peripheral surface 20 Top edge 76 Inner peripheral surface 22 Hot surface layer 78 Free end surface 24 Top edge 82 Rope 26 Hot surface 90 Fire-resistant fiber washer 30 Ring groove 92 Ring 32 Top edge 94 Ring 34 Erection surface 96 Ring 36 Flange 98 Sheath 37 Lower surface part 100 Outer peripheral surface 38 Note A ejector 102 Ring groove space 40 Expansion gap

twenty two

Claims (1)

200300793 Patent application scope 1. A gasifier comprising: a) a metal gasifier housing provided with one side surface and a neck opening, b) a metal flange disposed on the neck opening, c) A reaction chamber in the gasifier, d) a fireproof lining on the inside of the reaction chamber of the gasifier body, the fireproof lining has a top under the neck opening, so that The inner surface of the gasifier shell is not covered by a fireproof lining, and an expansion gap of the fireproof lining is defined on the top of the fireproof lining, and e) an expansion gap protection structure including a A flexible, incompressible annular fireproof shoulder formed by fireproof material that contacts the metal flange and extends from the metal flange into the expansion gap. ’Wherein the fireproof lining includes 2. · If the vaporizer of item i of the patent application scope, Facing a heated surface layer, the thermal surface layer has a first top edge portion on the top of the fireproof lining, and the top edge portion is under the neck opening and a distance therefrom. The fireproof lining is included in the gasification. The inner surface and the hot surface of the evaporator shell extend into the annular groove, and include a peripheral surface and a peripheral surface of the vaporizer shell. Equal layer above the second top edge. Device, wherein the annular fire-resistant shoulder hot surface layer has a distance from an inner surface to a distance from an outside wherein the annular groove has a vaporizer since 4. The scope of patent application No. 2, 23 200300793 Patent scope The first annular width of the hot surface layer to the inner peripheral surface of the annular fire-resistant shoulder, and an annular fire rope loop is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the hot surface layer, which = the cross-sectional diameter of the fire rope occupies the annular groove. First ring width. 5. The gasifier according to item 4 of the patent application, wherein the ring-shaped fire shoulder 5 has a bottom free end surface, and the inner peripheral surface of the annular fire-proof shoulder faces the peripheral surface to a bottom free end surface. The direction is curved, and the loop of the fireproof rope is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the hot surface layer near the bottom free end surface of the annular fireproof shoulder. _ 6. The gasifier according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the expansion gap protection 10, the structure further includes a compressible annular fireproof fiber gasket device arranged in an annular groove, the annular fireproof fiber gasket device and the annular The fire-resistant shoulder has a selective height so that the ring-shaped fire-resistant fiber loop device can be engaged by the ring-shaped fire-resistant shoulder when the ring-shaped portion extends into the ring-shaped groove. 7. The gasifier according to item i of the patent application scope, which includes a device for connecting the annular 15 fireproof shoulder to the metal flange. 8. The carburetor according to item 7 of the patent application scope, wherein the connecting device extends into the annular fire-proof shoulder and includes a plurality of spaced metal anchoring elements that are connected to the metal flange. 9 · If the scope of patent application is the first! Item gasifier, wherein the expansion gap protection structure further comprises a shrinkable annular fireproof fiber washer device arranged in the expansion gap, and the selected height of the annular fireproof fiber washer device in the expansion gap allows the annular fire shoulder to be engaged unit. 10. The gasifier according to item 9 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the annular fiber loop device can be retracted and has a top surface, and the annular fire-resistant shoulder 24 ~ _〇793 fe, the patent-applied cargo surround The area has a bottom surface that contacts and covers a major portion of the top surface of the annular fire-resistant fiber gasket device. • If the gasifier of the scope of application for patent No. 1G, wherein the fire protection raft includes a hot surface layer facing the inner heating surface surface of the reaction chamber, and the outer surface facing the shell of the gasifier, and wherein The annular fire-resistant shoulder portion has an inner peripheral surface spaced from the outer surface of the hot surface layer, and an annular fire-proof rope loop in the basin is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the hot surface layer. According to the space between the inner peripheral surface of the annular fire-resistant shoulder and the outer surface of the hot surface layer. ίο 12 · —A gasifier comprising: a) a metal gasifier housing which is provided with an inner surface, a top, and an opening on the top, b) a metal flange disposed on the top opening , c) an internal reaction chamber, which is provided with a fireproof lining on the inner surface of the metal shell, the fireproof lining comprising a hot surface layer arranged with a first annular top edge at a distance below the top opening, and A second annular top edge is a support layer disposed at a distance from the first annular top edge of the hot surface layer, so that the first annular top edge of the hot surface layer and the second annular top edge of the support layer The inner surface of the gasifier shell is not covered by a fireproof lining, and an expansion gap is defined on the first and second annular top edges of the hot surface layer and the support layer, and d) an expansion gap protection structure, which includes A sturdy, incompressible ring-shaped fire-resistant shoulder, which extends from the metal flange to an annular space between the hot surface layer and the inner surface of the vaporized shell. The depth is lower than the first annular top edge of the hot surface layer, but the second annular top edge of the high support layer. 13. The carburetor according to item 12 of the patent application scope, wherein the expansion gap protection structure comprises a compressible fireproof fiber gasket device on the second annular top edge of the support layer, the annular fiber loop 10 and the second annular ring Counting from the top edge—selected height so that the upper surface of the ^ -shaped fireproof fiber loop device is joined by the annular fireproof shoulder. H. The gasifier according to item 13 of the patent application, wherein the hot surface layer has an outer surface facing the shell of the gasifier, and the annular fire-resistant shoulder includes an inner periphery spaced from the outer surface of the hot surface layer. Surface, and one of the annular fire-resistant rope loops is connected to the outer surface of the hot surface layer to occupy the space between the inner peripheral surface of the annular fire-resistant shoulder and the outer surface of the hot surface layer. 15. The gasifier according to item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the inner peripheral surface of the annular fire-resistant shoulder is the outer surface of the self-heating surface facing the fiber washer device 15 at The fire rope loop is connected to the outer surface of the hot surface layer on the upper surface of the annular fire-resistant fiber washer device. 16. The gasifier of claim 12 including means for connecting the annular fire-resistant shoulder to the metal flange. 17. The gasifier of claim 16, wherein the connection device includes a plurality of spaced metal anchor elements welded to the metal flange. 18. A method of preventing hot gas from flowing from a reaction chamber of a gasifier through an expansion gap of a fireproof liner and entering the gasifier shell at the expansion gap, the method comprising: a) preparing a stepped ring The expansion gap is in a fireproof liner in the scope of a gasifier neck 26 200300793, where a hot surface layer of the fireproof lining extends on the top of a support layer of the fireproof lining, so that a ring A shaped groove is defined on the support layer between the hot surface layer and the gasifier shell, b) a compressible annular fireproof fiber gasket device is used to fill one of the annular 5 grooves at a selected height, and C) in the gasification A rigid, non-flexible, non-compressible annular fire-resistant shoulder is formed on a metal flange of the neck of the device, and the fire-resistant shoulder is shaped to be installed to a selected depth in the annular groove to engage the Compress the selected height of the ring-shaped fireproof fiber washer device, and position the metal flange with the ring-shaped fireproof shoulder at 10 and d), and hole the neck into the hole so that the ring-shaped fireproof shoulder extends into the ring-shaped groove. IU 妾 合 妾Sook annular compression ring means fireproof fiber. 15 19. A method as claimed in claim 18, which includes placing a selected annular space between the annular fire-resistant shoulder and the hot surface layer, and An annular fire rope loop is provided in the space between the fire shoulder and the hot surface layer to plug the annular space. 20 20 · A unidirectional annular fireproof fiber washer device is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the part of the scope of application for patent No. 19. The method includes the curvature of the annular fireproof shoulder so that the inner peripheral surface is bent toward the outer peripheral surface in a direction 27