TW546366B - Expansion gap protection structure for a gasifier - Google Patents

Abstract

The expansion gap protection structure for a gasifier includes a solid, inflexible, non-compressible annular refractory shoulder extending downwardly into an expansion gap from a metallic flange that is provided at a top neck portion of the gasifier. The annular refractory shoulder extends into an annular space between a hotface layer of the refractory lining and the inside surface of the gasifier shell. The annular refractory shoulder engages an annular refractory fibrous gasket means on a top edge of a backup layer of the refractory lining of the gasifier. An annular coil of refractory rope is provided in an annular clearance space between the annular refractory shoulder and the hotface layer of the refractory lining to plug the clearance space.

Description

546366 发明, description of the invention (the description of the invention should state: the technical field to which the invention belongs, the prior art, the content, the embodiments and the drawings)

[Technical field to which the invention belongs; J Background of the invention The present invention relates to an expansion gap protection structure for a refractory pipeline container such as a gasifier ', especially a novel expansion gap protection structure using a strong fireproof material. CPrevious technology] Gasification is generally used to process carbon-containing fuels, including coal, petroleum coke, gas and / or oil, to generate a gaseous mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, such as anaerobic, synthetic gas, reducing gas and fuel gas. Partial oxidation gasifiers disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 2,809,104 and 5,484,554 include a high temperature reaction chamber surrounded by one or more layers of heat insulation and-fireproof materials, such as also known as fire bricks or fire linings Fireproof tombstone, and enclosed by an outer steel shell or chamber. 15 An injection-type ejector as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,443,230 and 4,491,456 can be used with the aforementioned gasifier to inject carbon-containing fuel downward with oxygen containing Lu gas for partial oxidation. Pump the stucco into the reaction chamber of the gasifier. The injector can be supported on a ring plate or on a flange, also known as a middle flange, on the top neck 20 of the gasifier. The intermediate flange thus forms the erection surface of the injector. Since the injector is positioned on the neck of the vaporizer, the neck is also called the injector's neck. As disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,484,559, the injection ejector is provided with a mounting plate or flange on the mounting surface of the intermediate flange. In this 6 546366 combination of invention and description, when the injection ejector is set up in the gasifier in the operating position, the top and neck of the gasifier will generally be closed to help maintain one of the gasifier reaction chambers. Pressurized environment. When the injection ejector is in the operating position on the gasifier, the injection ejector 5 housing extends from the top neck opening of the gasifier at an intermediate position on the neck of the gasifier. Thus, an annular space is defined between the body of the injection injector and the surrounding fireproof lining of the neck of the vaporizer. During operation of the basic reaction chamber of the gasifier, the temperature can be in the range of 2200 ° φ to 3,000 ° F. Operating pressure can be in the range of 10 to 200 atmospheres. 10 Fireproof materials, such as a lined fireproof monument in the reaction chamber including the neck of the gasifier and heating to raise the gasifier from atmospheric to operating temperature _ The gasifier shell expands at different rates during the process. Generally, the swell clearance provided by the fire lining, especially the swell gap on the neck above the gasifier, is provided to compensate for the thermal expansion of the fire lining. If no expansion gap is provided, the expansion of the fire brick will cause the shell of the gasifier to crack, bend or deflect, which will cause the fire lining to be damaged, destroyed or cracked, especially near the gasifier's neck. Round top. Therefore, the expansion gap is a gap defined between the top edge of the gasifier supporting the middle flange and the injection and injection device and the top edge of the fire lining. This gap provides enough space to prevent the fire lining from expanding towards the middle flange, and excessively pressurizes the gasifier shell and fire brick. However, the expansion gap exposes the inner surface of the gasifier shell. If not properly protected, it can cause excessive heating of the gasifier shell's expansion gap. 7 546366 发明 Description of the invention In order to protect the exposed inner surface of the expansion gap of the gasifier shell, the method 疋 sets a protective fireproof expansion gap assembly on the expansion gap. A conventional fire protection assembly for the expansion gap of a gasifier uses two to five layers of fireproof fiber blanket rings. The fire-resistant fiber blanket extends between the top edge of the expandable fire-resistant interior and the intermediate flange supporting the neck of the gasifier. The height of the fire-resistant fiber blanket fills the expansion gap and is sufficient to compress to compensate for the upward thermal expansion in the fire. During the entire hot condition of the gasifier operation, the large middle φ edge is maintained on the gasifier neck, and the injection injector is placed on it. 10 Because it is fixed to the middle flange of the gasifier neck, it cannot compensate for the upward expansion of the fire prevention. The fire-resistant fiber blanket material that fills the expansion gap reduces the excess air flow from the reaction chamber-the expansion gap, and also blocks the light-radiating heat-transport through the expansion gap. This protects the 15 housing located on the neck of the gasifier, where the expansion gap is located, from overheating. A fireproof fiber blanket expansion gap assembly has several disadvantages. For example, the operation of a preheated burner on the gasifier before the injection injector was erected, and the operation of the injection injector caused a venturi tube on the neck of the gasifier to become empty. This vacuum can cause the fire-resistant fiber material of the expansion gap assembly to be pulled 20 into the reaction chamber of the gasifier by suction. The fire-resistant fiber material lost from the expansion gap causes the hot gas from the reaction chamber to pass through the expansion chamber and contact the shell of the gasification chamber, thereby causing overheating in the expansion gap of the gasifier body. In addition, fibrous fire-resistant materials are not particularly mechanically resilient, and can be damaged by the material moving in and out of the injection nozzle. Further advances in fiber fire-resistant materials in the expansion gap 8 546366 玖 Description of the invention Step damage may result from the corrosive nature of the hot, particulate-containing integrated gas generated during gasifier operation. A newer inflated gas assembly intended to solve the above problems is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 6,439,137B1 to Groen et al. The disclosure of this patent is incorporated herein by reference, which uses a fibrous fireproof material in the expansion gap. However, the fiber fireproof material is positioned in the expansion gap with one or more rather incompressible fireproof cords, and the fireproof cord extends above the gasifier neck opening before the middle flange is erected over the gasifier neck . Therefore, when it is mounted on the gasifier, a compressive force is applied to the peripheral protrusions through the intermediate flange 10. The fixing of the middle flange causes the peripheral rope to protrude against the fiber fire-resistant material. Therefore, the fiber fireproof material is locked in the expansion gap. The ai lock combination helps prevent the fiber fireproof material from being pulled out of the expansion gap. The entire expansion gap assembly can be enclosed in a high temperature alloy steel-to reduce the corrosive damage to the expansion gap assembly. 15 However, even with the combination of Groen and others, it is difficult to prevent heat from being transmitted to the expansion gap on the gasifier housing. One problem is that the driving force of the passing synthetic gas is so strong that the holes of the fiber fireproof material in the expansion gap can pass the hot synthetic gas and then contact and heat the gasifier shell. As a result, the upper dome region of the gasifier still suffers from problems with excessively high shell temperatures, which, if severe, can cause a pause in the gasification operation. Therefore, it is better to prepare an expansion gas protection structure, which can prevent the hot synthesis gas from passing through the expansion gap to the gasifier shell, and reduce the gasifier shell and the fiber fireproof material directly exposed to the synthesis gas in the expansion gap. 9 546366 5 10 15 发明 Description of the invention [inventive content; j purpose of the invention and summary of the several purposes of the present invention is to provide a novel expansion gap protection structure of a gasifier; provision of synthetic gas that can prevent heat propagation through the expansion gap Facing the gasifier shell—a novel gasifier expansion gap structure; used to include one of the sturdy fireproof materials that prevent the synthesis gas from passing through the expansion gap towards the _ ^ + + Π 丨 soap towards the emulsifier shell Novel expansion gap protection structure; including _ sturdy annular fire-resistant shoulders that hang into the expansion gap to prevent the synthesis gas from passing through the expansion gap toward the gasifier shell; includes a novel gap protection structure; including extension into the expansion gap to rest against -Compressible fibrous fire-resistant material and substantially prevent compressible fibrous fire-resistant material from being exposed to the synthetic gas from the gasifier-strong annular Fire shoulder-novel expansion gap protection structure; including-equipped with-quite incompressible fireproof rope loops against compressible fiber fireproof material and substantially blocking exposure of the compressible fiber fireproof material to synthetic gas from the gasifier The shoulder-a novel expansion gap protection structure; and a novel method of hindering the synthesis gas through the expansion gap toward the gasifier shell.

Other objects and features of the present invention will be described below. According to the present invention, an expansion gap gas protection structure for a gasifier includes a solid, non-flexible, incompressible annular fire-resistant shoulder, 20 of which is in direct contact with a metal flange of the gasifier. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention 'the annular fire-resistant shoulder is suspended from a metal flange into a gap on the top shoulder of the gasifier. Preferably, the fireproof shoulder extends into a space between the hot surface layer of the fireproof lining of the gasifier and the metal shell of the gasifier. A support fireproof lining layer 10 546366 provided between the hot surface layer and the gasifier shell, the description of the invention includes a top surface stepped under the top surface of the hot surface layer to A recessed space between the carburetor housing. The recessed space has the shape of an arc-shaped recess on the support layer between the hot surface layer and the inner surface of the gasifier shell. 5 A compressible annular fire-resistant fiber washer device is arranged in the annular groove, and the height is selected so that the annular fire-resistant fiber washer device is engaged by the annular fire-resistant shoulder when the annular fire-resistant shoulder extends into the annular groove. An annular gap space is provided between the hot surface layer and the annular fire-resistant shoulder. The space is occupied by and substantially plugged by a ring of fire rope, and the ring 10 is connected to and compressed against an outer peripheral surface of the hot surface layer. Therefore, when the metal flange provided with the annular fire-proof shoulder is positioned on the neck of the vaporizer, the annular fire-proof shoulder engages the annular fire-proof fiber washer device in the annular groove, and the fire-proof rope ring occupies the annular fire-proof shoulder. Department and hot surface-the space between the layers. 15 In this combination, the hot gas from the reaction chamber of the gasifier is generally prevented from contacting the shell of the gasifier through the expansion gap of the gasifier. · The rugged, non-flexible incompressible features of the annular fire-resistant shoulders generally block heat from passing through the shoulder structure. In addition, the fire rope loop in the narrow space between the annular fire-resistant shoulder and the hot surface layer substantially prevents hot air from passing through the rope 20 structure. The compressible annular fire-resistant fiber heating coil device and the fire rope annular ring arranged below the annular fire-resistant shoulder also form an expansion gap that prevents gas from passing from the reaction chamber toward the gasifier shell. During operation of the gasifier, the hot surface layer will heat up and expand. Thermal Expansion 11 玖 Description of the Invention The hot surface is lifted towards the metal flange, and the distance between the room temperature expansion gap between the top edge of the hot surface layer and the metal flange is roughly removed. The ring-shaped guard in cooperation with the fire rope loop can effectively prevent the hot gas from relaying the shell of the carburetor. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide any gasket device between the top of the hot surface layer and the metal flange. The hot surface layer can therefore expand during the gasification H operation to be fairly close to the stacked metal flanges. The expansion gap between the top edges of the metal thread ,,, and ... of the surface layer in the gasifier operation f # This change also reduces the possibility of the thermal synthesis gas contacting the expansion gap of the gasifier shell Sex. Therefore, the strong, high-density, and incompressible features of the annular fire-resistant shoulders that move through each other and the strong, high-density, and non-C-shrinkable features of the hot surface layer substantially close the expansion gap on the hot surface layer to Effectively prevents hot gas from passing through the expansion gap to the gasifier housing. The invention further includes a method for preventing hot gas from flowing from the reaction chamber of a gasifier to the fire lining and expanding it: and contacting the expansion gap of the gasifier. The method includes preparing a stepped annular expansion gap in the A fireproof lining under the neck of a gasifier 'wherein a hot surface layer of the fireproof lining extends over the top of the anti-lining-support layer, so that an annular groove is defined in the hot surface layer and gasification On the support layer between the shells of the heater. The method further comprises filling the annular groove with a compressible annular fire-resistant fiber washer device—selecting the height and forming on the metal flange of the gasifier neck—solid, not = Incompressible annular fire-resistant shoulder. The fire-resistant shoulder is formed so that a tapered inner surface is installed to a selected depth in the annular groove to engage the selected height of the compressible annular fire-resistant fiber washer device. 546366 发明, invention Explanation »The method also includes positioning the metal flange, placing a circular fire-resistant shoulder on the gasification h σ 卩 to extend the annular fire-resistant shoulder into the annular groove, and engaging a shrinkable annular fire-resistant fiber washer skirt. In addition, the method includes preparing a selected annular gap space between the fire-resistant shoulder pads and the hot surface layer. The method further includes preparing a fire-resistant rope loop in the annular gap space to plug the annular gap space.

The present invention includes the structures and methods described above, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of patent application. Brief description of the drawings 10 帛 1 is a simplified fragmentary cross-sectional view of the upper part of the present invention-an embodiment-an expansion gap protection structure-a gasification ㈣-Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view; Figure 3 is a simplified three-dimensional view of the metal flange of the carburetor with a rugged, non-removable, incompressible ring-shaped fire-proof shoulder.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a fragmentary part of the upper part as shown in Fig. 1; the fifth part is an injection ejector set on a metal flange. Simplified sectional view of the gasifier. Corresponding elements in the drawings represent corresponding elements. Γ embodiment] Detailed description of the invention Now referring to the drawings, especially the 彳 β corpse 疋 罘 疋 罘 及 1 and 5, a gasifier is generally represented by the reference numeral 10. 13 546366 (1). Description of the invention The gasifier 10 includes an outer steel container or casing 12 having a neck postal shell # 14, also known as the gasifier neck μ. The top neck 14 has an opening 13 (FIG. I), and an injection ejector 38 (FIG. 5) extending through it. The gasifier housing 12, includes an inner surface 15 which is provided with a fireproof liner 16 surrounding a reaction chamber (Figure 5). The fire lining 16 includes a support lining or support layer 18 (Fig. 2) of a small dagger-resistant fire brick, and the fire brick is provided with a 17 surface or top edge 20. The support layer 18 may also be any suitable conventional pourable, castable fire-resistant material

production. The fireproof lining 16 also includes a lining or layer of the hot surface monument 22, which is also referred to as 10 hot surface layer 22. The hot surface layer 22 has a top surface or a top edge 24 (FIG. 2) and a hot surface 26 facing the reaction chamber 17. The top edge 20 of the support layer 18 is stepped below the top edge of the hot surface layer 22 to define an annular groove 30 (Fig. 4). Therefore, the top edge 20 (Figure 2) of the support layer 为 is the bottom of the annular groove 30. The top edge 20 (Fig. 151) can be, for example, approximately U7mm below the top edge 24, and the annular groove

30. The width from the hot surface layer 22 to the inner surface 15 is approximately 71 ugly. The dimensions provided here are for illustration only and are a function of the overall dimensions of the gasifier. In fact, different sizes of gasifiers can be prepared with different sizes. As shown in Figure 2, the top edges 20 and 24 of the support layer 18 and hot surface layer 22 are at the top edge 32 of the gasifier neck. It is recessed to allow the fire lining 16 to expand when the fire lining 16 is heated while the gasifier 10 is in operation. Therefore, the inner surface portion 15a (Fig. 2) of one of the carburetor housings 12 near the top edge 32 of the top neck portion µ is not covered by the fireproof lining. 14 546366 发明, description of the invention Also known as the middle protrusion, edge & _ one of the & shaped metal flange 36 (Fig. 2) is arranged on the top edge 32 μ of the top neck 14 'as an injection ejector 38 ( (Fig. 5) Prepare an erecting surface 34 (fig. J, Le 1). The space between the flange 36 and the top edge 20 or 5 times 24 of the support layer 18 and the hot surface layer 22 is called an expansion gap 40 (Fig. 2). From the top edge 20 of the support layer 18 to the lower surface portion 37 (FIG. 2) of the flange 36, the degree of heat is approximately 157, and from the top edge 24 of the heating surface layer 22 to The lower surface portion 37 is approximately 33 mm. 10 15 Fan Huayi 10's exposed inner shell portion 15a at the expansion gap 40 is protected by including a ring-shaped fire-resistant shoulder portion 50 (Figure 2) in contact with the flange 36-Xinhua gap protection structure It is not directly exposed to hot gas and other thermal conditions and chemical reactions in the reaction chamber 17 of the gasifier. The annular fire-resistant shoulder 50 is made of a strong, non-flexible, incompressible fire-resistant material. For example, high-density aluminum casting materials sold under the trademark Thembond Formula 18 by Delray, Florida. The annular fire-resistant shoulder 50 is connected to the lower surface portion 37 of the flange 36 by a metal fire-resistant anchor 54 (FIGS. 2, 3) which can be made of stainless steel. As clearly shown in Figures 2 and 3, the metal fire anchor 54 is a standard footed, double hook castable gold + of the Broken Arrow, Oklahoma. "田田 田 54 includes long and short legs 56 and 58 which branch off from one leg 60. A green bow or hook 64 is provided on a free end of the long foot 56 and an opposite curved Goyol 66 is provided on the free end of the short foot 58. Note that the short feet 58 are oriented toward a centerline 70 of the gasification gas (Figure 1). Some exemplary dimensions of the anchor 54 include the fishing portion 64 to 15 20 546366 金属 from the metal flange 36. Description of the invention The lower portion 37 is approximately 63 mm in two degrees. The height from the hook portion 66 to the end leg portion 58 of the lower surface 37 of the metal flange% is approximately 50 mm. The thickness of the feet 56% is approximately 5 mm each, and the width of the anchor 54 from the hook portion 64 to the hook portion 66 is approximately 50 mm. The foot 60 of the anchor 54 extends approximately 15 mm on the plane 5 in FIG. 2. It extends approximately 25 mm on a plane perpendicular to the plane of Figure 2. Therefore, the length of the foot 60 of the anchor 54 on a plane perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 2 is approximately 25 mm.

The anchor 54 is welded to the lower surface portion of the metal flange 36 at the foot 60 and is arranged at a distance of about 100 mm along a circular path, and the diameter of the circular path 10 is approximately equal to within the top neck 14 The diameter plus the hot surface layer 22 is divided by 2, plus approximately 4 mm. Therefore, the metal anchor 54 is positioned along, for example, a circular center line having a radius of about 275 mm from the center line 70 (Fig. I). 15 In this combination, about twelve mistakes 54 are attached to the lower surface portion 37 of the metal flange 36, but only six anchors 54 are shown in the third figure. The metal anchor 54 is preferably welded to the surface 37 with an In__ strip, and the metal flange% before the joint is preferably preheated to about 400T. The welding is continuous around the periphery of the foot 60.

20 Preferably, the misalignment 54 is positioned so that the plane of the feet 58t of the consecutive phase 54 is +45 with respect to a radial line from the center line 70 of the gasifier PD). To—noisy—dan metallurgical 54 is welded to the metal flange 36 so that any conventional structure—mold (not shown) that rests on the surface of the metal flange 36—forms a ring-shaped fireproof shoulder 50 (Figure 3) ). The mold operation must be prepared with shoulders-wheel 扉, and the shoulder 50 protrudes from the lower surface portion 37 approximately-16 546366 玖, description of the invention The lower surface portion 37 is provided substantially perpendicular to the inner surface of the neck 14 ΐ 5 & distance 5mm Of an outer peripheral surface 74. The annular fire-resistant shoulder 50 also includes an inner peripheral surface 76 which is slightly curved toward the outer peripheral surface 74 in a direction of one free direction toward the annular fire-resistant shoulder%. 5 For example, the free end surface 78 is preferably narrower than the opposite surface of the shoulder 50 which is in contact with the lower surface 37 of the metal flange 30. The distance between the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the hot surface layer 22 (Fig. 2) is about 10 mm. The inner diameter of the inner peripheral surface% of the shoulder portion 50 on the lower surface portion 37 is, for example, equal to about the outer diameter of the hot surface layer 22 plus about 7 mm. The inner diameter of the inner peripheral surface 76 within the shoulder 50 on the end surface 10 surface 78 is, for example, equal to the outer diameter of the top edge 24 plus approximately 13 mm. Once the ring-shaped fire-resistant shoulder 50 is cured, the metal flange 36 and the fire-resistant shoulder '50 can be dried to about 40 ° C., and the temperature is maintained, for example, at least four hours. Alternatively, a newly cured fire protection can be provided The metal flange 15 36 of the shoulder 50 may be mounted on the gasifier when the gasifier is preheated, and the drying step may be mounted after the gasifier following the metal flange 36. However, in the gasifier 1 In the preheating step, the drying process of the annular fire-resistant shoulder 50 may require the gasifier 10 to heat at a slower rate. The metal flange 3 of the fire-resistant shoulder 50 is provided on the wood 5 and the top neck 14 At 20 o'clock, a fireproof fiber thermal expansion washer 90 is mounted behind the outer peripheral surface 100 of the hot surface layer 22. The fireproof fiber washer 90 is positioned in an uncompressed state on the top surface 20 of the support layer. The core of the fireproof fiber washer 9 () The body may include three separate sheet rings 92, 94, and 96 made of a fire-resistant blanket with a thickness of about 25 mm (Figure 2). The inner diameters of the rings 92, 94, and 96, such as 17 546366发明 Description of the invention 'is greater than the inner diameter thickness of the support layer 18 for 1 min, and its outer diameter is about, such as Smaller than the inner diameter imm of the neck 14 on the inner surface 15a. The rings 92, 94 and 96 made of three fire-resistant fiber blankets are preferably stacked on top of each other and encapsulated in a thickness of about 1 mm which is resistant to heat of at least 1250 ° C. Ceramic sheath 98. 5 Ideally, the fireproof fiber gasket 90 must be assembled and erected in advance as a single unit placed in the annular groove 30. Note that the fireproof fiber gasket 90 can be placed on the outer peripheral surface 100 of the hot surface layer 22 (Picture 2) It is capable of withstanding destructive friction. Therefore, it is best that the sheath 98 is very elastic and can be added with a 10-dimensional high-temperature alloy wire such as Inconei⑧. In addition, A metal flange 36 is erected on the head 邛 14. For example, a single loop 82 (picture 2) of a fireproof rope with a diameter of about igmm is connected to the hot surface immediately above the fireproof fiber washer 90, outside the layer 22. The peripheral surface 100 is compressed against it. The loop 82 is preferably a single piece extending 15 around the entire periphery of the outer peripheral surface 100 of the hot surface layer 22, and is formed by a tape such as an adhesive tape (not shown). Combustible material supports positioning, while the adhesive tape will only compress as much as possible Loop 82, and preferably flatten it to less than 10 mm. During heating of the gasifier, the combustible belt will burn out to allow the loop to expand to its normal uncompressed thickness. 20 erected to the metal flange 36 After the top neck 14 is brought up, when the fireproof shoulder 50 is lowered into the annular groove 30, this compression of the rope loop 82 can cause the free end 78 of the fireproof shoulder 50 to slide over the rope 82 (Fig. 2). The annular rope loop occupies an annular groove space 102 (Figure 2) between the inner peripheral surface γβ of Ita 54 and the outer peripheral surface of the hot surface layer 22 to substantially block the space 1022.说明 DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION As described above, the inner peripheral surface 76 of the annular fire-resistant shoulder 50 is slightly bent toward the free end 78. Therefore, the space 102 must be narrowed in the upward direction from the fireproof fiber washer 90. Thus, the curved inner peripheral surface 76 prevents the loop 82 from sucking out of the space 102 because it will compress when the rope 82 curls upward in the space 102 due to the thermal expansion of the hot surface layer 22. Then, the metal flange 36 provided with the annular fire-proof shoulder 50 is accurately positioned on the top of the top neck M when the loop 82 is connected to the outer peripheral surface 100 of the hot surface layer 22, as shown in FIGS. 1,2, and 5. As shown. The precise positioning of the metal flange 36 ensures that the annular fire-resistant shoulder is aligned with and positioned in the annular groove 30 without interfering with the top neck portion 14 of the hot surface layer 22. In this combination, an annular fire-resistant shoulder 50 and ceramic rope made of substantially air-impermeable material prevent the synthesis gas from passing from the reaction chamber 17 through the fire-resistant fiber gasket 90 toward the neck 14 of the gasifier shell surfaces 15a and 15. The airtight fireproof shoulder 50 also prevents hot synthetic gas from passing directly through the fireproof shoulder 50 toward the carburettor neck 14 of the carburettor housing surface 15a. When the gasifier 10 is operating, the hot surface layer 22 expands in an upward direction toward the metal flange 36, and therefore, it slides over the fireproof shoulder 50 when the gasifier is heated to the operating temperature. The most ideal situation is that the inner peripheral surface 76 of the fireproof shoulder 5 () must be as close as possible to the outer peripheral surface 100 of the hot surface layer 22. However, because manufacturing and erection tolerances must ensure that there is no interference between the fire-resistant shoulder 50 and the hot surface layer 22, the fire-resistant fiber rope 82 is compressed into the space 102 between the shoulder 50 and the hot-surface layer 22 (second Figure), thus significantly limiting the amount of gas that can pass through 546,366 发明, invention description Once the gasifier is at operating temperature, the expansion gas between the top surface 24 of the hot surface layer 22 and the metal flange 36 can be as small as 3 mm In order to reduce the amount of gas reaching the fireproof shoulder 50, the temperature rise of the gasifier shell 5 and the body 12 is significantly reduced during operation. It should be noted that the distance between the lower surface 37 of the metal flange 36 and the top surfaces 20 and 24 of the support layer and the hot surface layer at room temperature can be measured relative to the top edge of the gasifier neck and the metal flange Approximately measured before erection 36. · This approximate value is calculated by adjusting the thickness of a compression washer 10 between the metal flange 36 and the top edge 32 of the gasifier neck. Certain advantages of the present invention, which can be understood from the foregoing description, include a protective structure for an expansion gap formed generally of a gas-impermeable fireproof material to prevent hot synthesis gas from passing through the expansion gap toward the gasifier shell. The expansion gap protection structure includes a rugged 15-ring fire-resistant shoulder that is incompressible and non-flexible. The shoulder cooperates with a fairly incompressible fire-resistant loop to guilty of a relatively compressible fibrous fire-resistant material and generally blocks exposure of the relatively compressible fiber-fired fire-resistant material to synthetic gas from the reaction chamber of the gasifier. Another advantage of the present invention is that the hot surface brick erected in the gasifier can be erected from 20 to a height of a gap that is generally smaller than the conventional technique between the hot surface layer and the metal flange. Place any fibrous material between the top surface of the facing layer and the metal flange. Therefore, the portion of the expansion gap between the top of the hot surface layer and the metal flange can be substantially closed. Therefore, the portion of the expansion gap between the hot surface layer and the metal flange can be minimized. 20 546366 (ii) Description of the invention As described above, it can be seen that several objects and advantages of the present invention can be achieved. The above structures and methods can be changed differently without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above description in conjunction with the drawings is for illustration only and should not be considered as a limitation. 5 [Brief description of the formula] FIG. 1 is a simplified fragmentary cross-sectional view of an upper part of a gasifier equipped with an expansion gap protection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged fragment thereof. Sectional view; $ Figure 3 is a simplified perspective view of the metal flange of one of the vaporizers with a strong, non-flexible, incompressible, ring-shaped 10 fire-resistant shoulder. Figure 4 is as shown in Figure i. A fragmentary perspective view of a fragmentary part of the upper part of the gasifier shown in the figure; and. The figure below is a simplified cross-sectional view of a gasifier with an injector and an injector on a metal flange. 21 546366 发明 Description of the invention [List of representative symbols of main components of the style] 10 Vaporizer 50 Ring fire shoulder 12 Case 54 Mistake 13 Opening 56 Long foot 14 Top neck 58 Short foot 15 Inner surface 60 Foot 15a Inner surface portion 64 Hook portion 16 Fire lining 66 Hook portion 17 Reaction chamber 70 Centerline 18 Support layer 74 Outer peripheral surface 20 Top edge 76 Inner peripheral surface 22 Hot surface layer 78 Free end surface 24 Top edge 82 Rope 26 Hot surface 90 Fire-resistant fiber washer 30 Ring groove 92 Ring 32 Top edge 94 Ring 34 Erection surface 96 Ring 36 Flange 98 Sheath 37 Lower surface part 100 Outer peripheral surface 38 Note injector 102 Ring groove space 40 Expansion gap

twenty two

Claims (1)

_ 、 Scope of patent application 1 · A gasifier includes: a) a metal gasifier housing with one side surface and a neck opening, b) a metal flange disposed on the neck opening, c) a A reaction chamber in the gasifier, d) a fireproof lining on the inside of the reaction chamber of the gasifier shell, the fireproof lining has a top under the neck opening so that the gas on the top of the fireproof lining The inner surface of the carburetor housing is not covered by a fireproof lining, and an expansion gap of the fireproof lining is defined on the top of the fireproof lining, and e) a swollen gap protection structure including a solid, non-flexible An annular fire-resistant shoulder formed by a non-compressible, incompressible fire-resistant material that contacts the metal flange and extends from the metal flange into the expansion gap. 2. If the scope of patent application is 帛! The gasifier of claim, wherein the fireproof lining comprises a hot surface layer facing the reaction chamber, the hot surface layer has a first top edge portion on the top of the fireproof lining, and the top edge portion is under the neck opening and connected to the same. At a distance, the fireproof lining includes a support layer between the inner surface of the gasifier shell and the hot surface layer. The support layer has a second top edge portion on the top of the fireproof lining. The two top edge portions are below and at a distance from the first top edge portion, so that the annular groove is defined above the Hth edge of the support layer between the hot surface layer and the inner surface of the gasifier shell. 3. The gasifier as claimed in the scope of patent application No. 2 wherein the annular fire-resistant shoulder extends into the annular groove and includes an inner peripheral surface at a distance from the hot surface layer and the gasifier shell. The inner surface has a distance from the outer peripheral surface. 4. The gasifier according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the annular groove has a first annular width from the hot surface layer of the scope of patent application 546366 to the inner peripheral surface of the annular fire shoulder, and an annular fire rope The loop is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the hot surface layer, wherein the cross-sectional diameter of the fire prevention rope occupies the _th annular width of the annular groove. 5. The gasifier according to item 4 of the patent application, wherein the annular fire-resistant shoulder has a bottom free end surface, and the inner peripheral surface of the annular fire-resistant shoulder is bent toward the peripheral surface in a direction toward the bottom free end surface. And the ring of the fire rope is connected to the heat near the bottom free end surface of the ring fire shoulder The outer peripheral surface of the facing. 6 · If you apply for a patent _ 3 gasifiers, the structure also includes a compressible annular fireproof fiber arranged in a circular recessed property = circle j is set 'the annular fireproof fiber washer device and the annular fireproof shoulder have selective reversion' The annular fireproof fiber loop device can be engaged by the annular fireproof shoulder when the annular shoulder instrument is extended into the 仪 -shaped groove. 7. The carburetor according to item 1 of the patent application scope, which includes a device for connecting the annular fire-resistant shoulder to the metal flange. 8. The carburetor according to item 7 of the patent application scope, wherein the connecting device extends into the% -shaped fire-resistant shoulder and includes a plurality of spaced-apart metal anchoring elements welded to the metal flange. A gasifier claiming the scope of the patent !, wherein the expansion gap protection, σ, and σ structure further include a compressible annular fireproof fiber loop device disposed in the expansion gap, and the annular fireproof fiber loop device is in the expansion gap The selected height allows for the engagement of a circular fire-resistant shoulder. As stated in the gasifier of item 9 of the patent scope, wherein the annular fiber loop device is compressible and has a top surface, and the annular fire-resistant shoulder 24 546366, the scope of the patent application has contact and covers the annular fire-resistant fiber washer The bottom surface of a major part of the top surface area of the device. 11. The gasifier as claimed in item ίο, wherein the fireproof lining includes a hot surface layer having an inner hot surface surface facing one of the reaction chambers, and 5 an outer surface facing one of the gasifier shells. And wherein the annular fire-resistant shoulder portion has an inner peripheral surface spaced from the outer surface of the hot surface layer, and one of the annular fire rope loops is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the hot surface layer to occupy the inner periphery of the annular fire-proof shoulder portion The space between the surface and the outer surface of the hot surface layer. 10 12. A gasifier comprising: a) a metal gasifier housing provided with an inner surface, a top and an opening on the top, and 'b) a metal flange disposed on the top opening -C) An internal reaction chamber 'which is provided on the inner surface of the metal casing with a fireproof lining comprising a first annular top edge disposed at a distance below the top opening with a heat The surface layer and a support layer arranged at a distance from the first annular top edge of the hot surface layer with a first annular top edge, so that the first annular top edge of the hot surface layer and the second annular shape of the support layer The inner surface 20 of the gasifier shell on the top edge is not covered by the fireproof lining, and an expansion gap is defined on the first and second annular top edges of the hot surface layer and the support layer, and d) the expansion gap A protective structure comprising a solid, incompressible annular fire-resistant shoulder extending downwardly from a metal flange into an annular space between the hot surface layer and the inner surface of the gasifier shell, 25 546366, Patent application scope extended Below the top edge of the first annular surface layer of the heat, but the second annular supporting layer is higher than the top edge. ίο 13. The carburetor according to item 12 of the patent application scope, wherein the expansion gap protection structure comprises a shrinkable fireproof fiber gasket device on a second annular top edge of the support layer, and the annular fiber gasket device has an upper surface And a selected height from the second annular top edge, so that the upper surface of the annular fireproof fiber washer device is joined by the annular fireproof shoulder. 14. The gasifier according to item 13 of the application, wherein the hot surface layer has an outer surface facing the shell of the gasifier, and the annular fire-resistant shoulder portion includes an inner space spaced from the outer surface of the hot surface layer. The peripheral surface, and one of the annular fire-proof rope loops is connected to the outer surface of the hot surface layer to occupy the space between the inner peripheral surface of the annular anti-I shoulder and the outer surface of the hot surface layer. 15 • The carburetor according to item 14 of the patent application scope, wherein the inner peripheral surface of the annular fire-resistant shoulder is the outer surface of the self-heating surface to face the fiber loop device 15 The one-sided direction is curved and the fire-resistant weave ring is connected to the outer surface of the hot surface layer on the upper surface of the annular fire-resistant fiber washer device. 16 • The vaporizer of claim 12 including means for connecting the annular fire-resistant shoulder to the metal flange. 17. The gasifier of claim 16, wherein the connecting device comprises a plurality of spaced metal anchoring elements which are welded to the metal flange. 18. · A method of preventing hot gas from flowing through a reaction chamber of a gasifier through a fire-resistant lining-expansion gap and entering the gasifier shell at the expansion gap, the method comprising: a) preparing-stepped ring The expansion gap is in a gasifier neck 26 20 546366 male tongue: I_________j, fire lining under the scope of patent application π, wherein a hot surface layer of the fire lining is on the top of the fire lining-supporting layer Extended on the part so that an annular groove is defined on the support layer between the hot surface layer and the gasifier shell, b) filling a selected height of the annular groove with a compressible annular fireproof fiber gasket device, 〇Formed on a metal flange of the neck of the gasifier—a strong, non-flexible, incompressible annular fire-resistant shoulder, which is an option to shape the fire-resistant shoulder to fit in an annular groove Depth to engage the selected height of the compressible annular fire-resistant fiber loop device with M ^ ^ ^ ^ 7ft on the neck of the carburetor so that the annular fire-resistant shoulder extends into the annular groove 'and engage the compressible Ring-shaped fire-resistant fiber washer device. 19. If you apply for the item 18 of the scope of the patent application, 15 cubic meters, a, including a choice between the% -shaped fireproof section and the hot surface layer A space between the fire shoulder and the hot surface layer is provided. Two straight% -shaped fire rope loops are used to plug the annular space. 20 · If method 19 of the scope of patent application &, daggers are fired in the shape of%, 20 σ, a curvature is formed on the inner peripheral surface, so that the inner peripheral surface is made of a "Chen-shaped" fireproof fiber loop device -Direction bent toward the outer peripheral surface 27