SU994099A1 - Method of flash-free forming - Google Patents

Description

(5) BLANKING FORMING METHOD

one

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used for the manufacture of axisymmetric products by mainly hot deformation of metals and alloys with compensation for excess metal at the end of deformation.

The most widely known methods are for flawless punching of 1 gears, in which excess metal compensation and back pressure are directed towards each other, i X

For smooth punching of gears, for example, with weight C, 3 kg and with a crown diameter of 10 mm, according to the method known, a back pressure of 250 tf is required. The creation of such an effort requires a powerful and complex backpressure device, which is difficult to locate in the mountains of a non-stamped20 press. The cost of the device and its operation are not expensive.

As a prototype way. sob razolozhnogo stamping products.

consisting in volumetric deformation of the workpiece in a closed die and applying to the compensated / excess metal a back pressure force that is directed at an angle of 83-87 to the direction of compensation of the excess metal 21.

Such a solution reduces the back pressure. However, with a minimum angle of 87dl gear with the above-mentioned km in size, the calculated backpressure force will be 30 tf. Composition of the metal at the same time will require a large consumption of the matrix down, which will lead to the formation of a mechanical burr. With an increase in the diameter of the gear ring to 200 mm, the back pressure force almost doubles. The device for counter pressure will be large enough to allow it to be embedded in the stamp. Another negative MOMENT of the prototype is the use of an exact blank, the fluctuation of the volume of which must fit into the permissible deviations of the product being forged. The oscillation of the volume of the workpiece should not exceed 3. 3. Such accuracy of blanks when using rolled products of conventional precision for stamping is difficult to obtain.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce backpressure force without imposing special requirements on fluctuations in the volume of the workpiece.

This goal is achieved by the fact that, when the axially symmetric products are stamped without a layer, by the method of volumetric deformation of the workpiece in the die stamp and applying a counter pressure to the base metal to the compensated excess metal, during the volumetric deformation, a back pressure force is applied to the base metal at a 90 ° angle. to the direction of the flow of a compensated excess metal. FIG. Figure 1 shows in the right part the position of the tool and the workpiece before deformation, and in the left part the position of the tool and the metal after deformation. Figure 2 shows a diagram of the forces and directions of movement of the metal and the tool, while compensating for the excess metal. The pre-deposited workpiece 1 is stamped in the tool, which is made of an upper punch 2 fixed on a slider (not shown), an upper half matrix 3 connected to the slider with the possibility of moving relative to it after the lower half 4, the lower punch 5 fixed on the table of the press 6. The semi-matrixes 3 and 4 are rigidly fastened, for example, by turning the lock 7. Before being deformed, the bonded matrix is placed on the pad 8. To push the stamped product out, the wicker 9, located in The upper punch 2. The position of the bonded die in FIG. 2 at the end of the deformation is shown with a continuous line, and the rest position before compensating for the excess metal is indicated by a dashed line. Flakeless forging six torn forgings with a crown portion diameter of 160 mm and a height of 32 mm are carried out

Claims (2)

with eating way. Steel billet 1085x145 mm heated to 11001200С, upset to a height of 50 mm (not shown in Fig. 1) and placed on a fixed lower punch 5. Then make a working stroke. Together with the slider, the upper half-matrix 3 is lowered in advance, and along the slider, it is closed with the lower half-matrix 4 by lock 7. Then the shoulders of the punch 2 touch the upper half-matrix 3 and force the bonded matrix downwards. After that, deformation of the workpiece 1 is started. The deformed metal fills the stream while lowering the bonded matrix on the cushion 8. Before compensating for the excess metal, the conditional geometrical contour of the workpiece is shown in Fig. 2 by the dotted line. If there is an excess of metal, the force R. 160 tf acts on the upper plane of the lower half-matrix 4. The bonded matrix will begin to move down. However, its movement will be prevented by the base metal, which filled the crown part of the stream. Moving the upper semi-matrix 3 downwards will cause the base metal to deform with a force tf directed at an angle of 95 ° to the direction of movement of the excess metal. With full compensation of the excess metal, the base metal will be counter-deformed in the area (Fig. 2), the greater the angle oi, the more the process of compensating for the excess metal will be slowed down and less back pressure will be required. With P2sirio (.Fn, the backpressure force is zero and, therefore, the cushion 8 (Fig. 1) ceases to function as a counterpressure device. After the end of the working stroke, following the punch 2, under the force of the cushion 8, the bonded matrix is lifted and disassembled, then from the upper half-matrix 3, raised by the slider., the ejector 5 removes the stamped gear 10. The oC angle is chosen greater than 90 °, since this is a necessary condition for the additional counter-deformation of the base metal. productive metal waste. It is advisable to 6bmgi limit the interval of angle change to 7 instead of 43 ° 5 on the entire lateral surface of the semi-matrix 3. But if the height of the conical cupola of the semi-matrix 3 is halved, then the interval of the angle can be doubled, i.e. The interval no longer makes sense, since, at an angle of 135, the base metal will not be deformed, but split under the action of maximum tangential stresses. Compared to the base object, which is taken as a prototype, the use of the proposed single layer punching technique will dramatically reduce the backpressure devices power or exclude them from the stamp design by using simple-to-use mechanical clamping devices. The possibility of wider use of rigid mechanical clamps opens. for fastening the split matrix. At present, such clamps are almost not used due to the lack of cutting by weight. The proposed method eliminates this contradiction, since it is rigidly separable. 9 matrix has the ability to compensate for the excess metal. The effectiveness of the method is to simplify and reduce the cost of the counter-pressure device, as well as to eliminate the scrap cutting operation. The formula of the method of forgeless punching of axisymmetric products consists in volumetric deformation of the workpiece in a closed die and applying a counterpressure force to the compensating metal excess, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy expenditure, in the process of volumetric deformation, the backstoring body of the template will apply the backstors. at an angle of 91-13 to the direction of flow of the compensated excess metal. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Journal KoHasat, 108, 1975, 9, p. 395, fig. 1.Ь.С. 2. USSR author's certificate №, cl. B 21 J 13/02, 02.Oil.76 (prototype). // // // // //// / / 77777 /// 777 /// / 7 ///// /// / / U 1 7У7 fug7